A high-frequency pulse water acoustic wave communication system and communication method for water injection wells

Abstract

This application provides a high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system and method for water injection wells. The communication system includes: a ground control system installed on the water injection pipeline at the well site; the ground control system includes: a ground control unit, a flow regulation unit, a ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit, and a ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit, all connected to the ground control unit; and a downhole water distributor including: a downhole control unit, a downhole underwater acoustic wave receiving unit, and a downhole underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit, all connected to the downhole control unit. This solution provides high data transmission rate, strong anti-interference capability, and low long-distance propagation loss during wireless transmission in water injection wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and specifically relates to a high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic wave communication system and method for water injection wells. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of information technology and intelligentization in downhole tools, and the increasing demands for real-time decision-making and closed-loop control on the surface, the need for real-time data interaction between the surface and the well is growing. Currently, wireless communication technologies for water injection wells mainly include wavecode communication and electromagnetic wave communication. Wavecode communication is easily limited by signal generation methods, power consumption, and signal detection sensors, resulting in a slow transmission rate that cannot meet the real-time data requirements of water injection wells. Electromagnetic wave transmission is greatly affected by formation resistivity, suffers severe attenuation over long distances, and is difficult to deploy on the surface. Acoustic wireless transmission uses longitudinal wave transmission, with some energy lost in the well fluid, limiting transmission distance and requiring repeaters every 300-600 meters, increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments in this specification is to provide a high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system and communication method for water injection wells.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of this application are implemented in the following ways:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system for water injection wells, comprising:

[0006] The ground control system is installed on the water injection pipeline at the well site. The ground control system includes: a ground control unit, a flow regulation unit, a ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit, and a ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit. The flow regulation unit, the ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit, and the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit are all connected to the ground control unit.

[0007] The ground control unit sends the first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit;

[0008] The ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit transmits a first high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the first pulse transmission command;

[0009] The ground control unit also controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit to regulate the opening degree and switching frequency of the valve, so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal wave, using the high-pressure water injected from the water injection well as the medium carrier.

[0010] The downhole water distributor includes: a downhole control unit, a downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit, and a downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit; the downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit and the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit are both connected to the downhole control unit.

[0011] The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit receives the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the downhole control unit so that the downhole control unit can analyze it and control the water nozzle opening to adjust the injection water volume.

[0012] The downhole control unit also sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit;

[0013] The downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit transmits a second high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the second pulse transmission command; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of a longitudinal wave, using the high-pressure water injected into the water injection well as the medium carrier.

[0014] The ground-based underwater acoustic wave receiving unit receives the second high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the ground control unit so that the ground control unit can analyze it and obtain the second analyzed signal.

[0015] In one embodiment, the ground control system further includes:

[0016] The first pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data from the ground water inlet.

[0017] The second pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data from the ground water outlet.

[0018] Surface flow measurement unit, used to measure surface flow data;

[0019] The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the ground flow measurement unit are all connected to the ground control unit;

[0020] The display unit is connected to the ground control unit and is used to display ground inlet pressure data, ground outlet pressure data, ground flow data, second analytical signal, and valve opening data in the flow regulation unit.

[0021] The valve opening data in the flow control unit is obtained through the flow control unit.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a communication method based on the high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic wave communication system for water injection wells as described in the first aspect, the communication method comprising:

[0023] The ground control unit controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit to adjust the opening of the valve, thereby regulating the amount of water injected into the well site water injection pipe;

[0024] The ground control unit sends the first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit;

[0025] After receiving the first pulse transmission command, the surface hydroacoustic wave transmitting unit transmits the first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole hydroacoustic wave receiving unit; the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline.

[0026] The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit sends the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole control unit;

[0027] The downhole control unit analyzes the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain the first analyzed signal;

[0028] The downhole control unit adjusts the nozzle opening based on the first analytical signal to regulate the injection volume of the corresponding downhole water distributor;

[0029] The downhole control unit sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit;

[0030] After receiving the second pulse transmission command, the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit transmits a second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the surface water acoustic wave receiving unit; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline;

[0031] The ground-based underwater acoustic wave receiving unit transmits the received second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the ground control unit;

[0032] The ground control unit analyzes the second high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain the second analyzed signal.

[0033] In one embodiment, the ground control unit also controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit to regulate the switching frequency of the valve, so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagate in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal waves using the high-pressure water injected from the water injection well as the medium.

[0034] In one embodiment, the encoding of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a wake-up code, a first device address code, a first data code, and a first check code;

[0035] The wake-up code indicates that the duration of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than the sleep interval of the downhole water distributor. When the downhole water distributor detects the first high-frequency pulse wave signal, the downhole water distributor is woken up and enters the real-time dynamic monitoring mode.

[0036] The first device address code indicates the device address of the downhole water distributor;

[0037] The first data code represents the instruction transmitted from the ground control unit to the downhole water distributor;

[0038] The first checksum uses binary even parity.

[0039] In one embodiment, a waiting time is set between the wake-up code and the first device address code to ensure that the downhole water distributor can correctly and completely receive the instructions from the ground control unit.

[0040] In one embodiment, the encoding of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a start code, a second device address code, a second data code, and a second check code;

[0041] The second device address code indicates the device address of the downhole water distributor;

[0042] The second data code represents the information transmitted from the downhole control unit to the surface control system;

[0043] The second checksum uses binary even parity.

[0044] In one embodiment, the ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit uses high-precision filtering and denoising identification technology to filter and denoise the acquired raw signal to obtain a first high-frequency pulse wave signal.

[0045] In one embodiment, the amplitude of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than twice the amplitude of the background noise;

[0046] The amplitude of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal is more than twice the amplitude of the background noise.

[0047] In one embodiment, the ground control unit sends ground inlet pressure data, ground outlet pressure data, valve opening data in the flow regulation unit, ground flow data, and a second analytical signal to the display unit for display.

[0048] As can be seen from the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification above, the solution is:

[0049] The first and second high-frequency pulse wave signals emitted by the surface-based and underground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting units, respectively, have wider bandwidths than ordinary pulse wave signals, can carry more information, improve data transmission rates, and are more suitable for high-speed underwater communication. The surface control unit controls the regulator to quickly switch on and off, generating extremely short acoustic pulses, improving time resolution and enabling precise positioning and identification. In addition, the rapid switching of the regulator by the surface control unit allows the first and second high-frequency pulse wave signals to propagate through high-pressure water, with wavelengths much shorter than low-frequency waves, resulting in better directivity. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art of this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic communication system for water injection wells provided in this application;

[0052] Figure 2 The structural block diagram of the ground control system provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the encoding of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the encoding of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal provided in this application;

[0055] Figure 5 The principle diagram of wavelet decomposition denoising provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the wavelet decomposition and denoising process provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0058] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0059] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this application without departing from the scope or spirit of this application, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this application will be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0060] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] Reference Figure 1This illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic communication system for water injection wells, applicable to embodiments of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 2 It shows a structural block diagram of the ground control system in a high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic communication system for water injection wells provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic communication system for water injection wells may include:

[0064] Ground control system 1 is installed on the well site water injection pipeline; such as Figure 2 As shown, the ground control system 1 includes: a ground control unit 101, a flow regulation unit 102, a ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit 104, and a ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103. The flow regulation unit 102, the ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit 104, and the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103 are all connected to the ground control unit 101.

[0065] The ground control unit 101 sends a first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103;

[0066] The ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103 transmits a first high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the first pulse transmission command;

[0067] The ground control unit 101 also controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit 102 to regulate the opening degree and switching frequency of the valve, so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal wave with the high-pressure water injected into the water injection well as the medium carrier.

[0068] The downhole water distributor 2 includes: a downhole control unit (not shown in the figure), a downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit 201, and a downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202; the downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit 201 and the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202 are both connected to the downhole control unit.

[0069] The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit 201 receives the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the downhole control unit so that the downhole control unit can analyze it and control the water nozzle opening and adjust the injection water volume.

[0070] The downhole control unit also sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202;

[0071] The downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202 transmits a second high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the second pulse transmission command; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of a longitudinal wave, using the high-pressure water injected into the water injection well as the medium carrier.

[0072] The ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit 104 receives the second high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the ground control unit 101 so that the ground control unit 101 can analyze it and obtain the second analyzed signal.

[0073] Specifically, after receiving the first pulse transmission command from the ground control unit 101, the ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103 generates a high-frequency pulse wave of 0.2~2Hz. Simultaneously, the ground control unit 101 controls the regulator valve of the flow regulating unit 102 to rapidly open and close. For example, the opening and closing time is 5 seconds. This, in conjunction with the ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103 transmitting a first high-frequency pulse wave signal of a fixed frequency, propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of a longitudinal wave, using the high-pressure water injected from the injection well as the medium. Similarly, the second high-frequency pulse wave signal generated by the downhole water distributor 2 propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of a longitudinal wave, using the high-pressure water injected from the injection well as the medium. This avoids the shortcomings of traditional underwater acoustic wave communication systems, which are typically limited by low frequency and narrow bandwidth, resulting in low data transmission rates and susceptibility to multipath effects and noise interference.

[0074] The high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system for water injection wells provided in this application embodiment has a wider bandwidth and can carry more information compared to ordinary pulsed wave signals. This increases the data transmission rate and makes it more suitable for high-speed underwater communication. The ground control unit controls the regulator to quickly switch on and off, generating extremely short acoustic pulses, which improves the time resolution and enables accurate positioning and identification. In addition, the rapid switching of the regulator by the ground control unit allows the first and second high-frequency pulsed wave signals to propagate in high-pressure water with wavelengths much shorter than low-frequency waves, resulting in better directivity.

[0075] In one embodiment, reference continues to be made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The ground control system 1 also includes:

[0076] The first pressure sensor 105 is used to collect pressure data at the ground water inlet.

[0077] The second pressure sensor 108 is used to collect pressure data from the ground water outlet.

[0078] The surface flow measurement unit 106 is used to measure surface flow data;

[0079] The first pressure sensor 105, the second pressure sensor 108, and the ground flow measurement unit 106 are all connected to the ground control unit 101;

[0080] Display unit 107 is connected to ground control unit 101 and is used to display ground inlet pressure data, ground outlet pressure data, ground flow data, second analysis signal, and valve opening data in flow regulation unit 102.

[0081] The valve opening data in the flow regulation unit 102 is obtained through the flow regulation unit 102.

[0082] Specifically, the display unit 107 can be installed on-site for on-site personnel to view, or it can be installed in the control center for personnel to view; or it can be installed in both the on-site and control center. When installed in the control center, it can transmit data to the control center for display via wired or wireless network. The ground control unit 101 can also receive control commands issued by the control center, realizing two-way communication between the ground and underground.

[0083] This application also provides a communication method for the high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system for water injection wells described in the above embodiments, the communication method comprising:

[0084] The ground control unit 101 controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit 102 to adjust the opening of the regulating valve, so as to adjust the amount of water injected into the well site water injection pipe;

[0085] The ground control unit 101 sends a first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103;

[0086] After receiving the first pulse transmission command, the surface hydroacoustic wave transmitting unit 103 transmits the first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole hydroacoustic wave receiving unit 201; the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline.

[0087] The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit 201 sends the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole control unit;

[0088] The downhole control unit analyzes the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain the first analyzed signal;

[0089] The downhole control unit adjusts the nozzle opening based on the first analytical signal to regulate the injection volume of the corresponding downhole water distributor 2;

[0090] The downhole control unit sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202;

[0091] After receiving the second pulse transmission command, the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit 202 transmits the second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the surface water acoustic wave receiving unit 104; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline.

[0092] The ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit 104 sends the received second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the ground control unit 101;

[0093] The ground control unit 101 analyzes the second high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain the second analyzed signal.

[0094] In one embodiment, the ground control unit 101 further controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit 102 to regulate the switching frequency of the valve, so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagate in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal waves using the high-pressure water injected from the water injection well as the medium carrier.

[0095] In the noisy environment of the mine and the long transmission distance of thousands of meters, in order to increase the effective propagation distance of the signal, overcome the complexity of the underwater acoustic channel, and ensure that the communication remains clear and reliable at a greater distance, the ground control unit detects the acoustic vibration amplitude of pulse waves of different amplitudes on the tubing. The optimal transmission state is a pulse wave with an acoustic amplitude greater than twice the background noise. A larger signal amplitude helps the signal to be separated from the background noise at the receiving end, reducing the bit error rate, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the communication. Subsequent operations use this pulse wave amplitude for acoustic transmission.

[0096] In one embodiment, the amplitude of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than twice the amplitude of the background noise; the amplitude of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than twice the amplitude of the background noise.

[0097] Furthermore, combining the propagation characteristics of the first and second high-frequency pulse wave signals, binary amplitude keying (2ASK) digital modulation technology is adopted, using sound waves as the information carrier medium. That is, the amplitude of the carrier wave is modulated by digital data and takes different values. For example, the low carrier amplitude state within a unit time T corresponds to binary "0"; the high carrier amplitude state within a unit time T corresponds to binary "1".

[0098] Furthermore, the system's encoding rules adopt linear segmented binary encoding.

[0099] In one embodiment, the encoding of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a wake-up code, a first device address code, a first data code, and a first check code;

[0100] The wake-up code indicates that the duration of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than the sleep interval of the downhole water distributor. When the downhole water distributor 2 detects the first high-frequency pulse wave signal, the downhole water distributor 2 is woken up and enters the real-time dynamic monitoring mode.

[0101] The first device address code represents the device address of the downhole water distributor 2;

[0102] The first data code represents the instruction transmitted from the ground control unit 101 to the downhole water distributor 2;

[0103] The first checksum uses binary even parity.

[0104] In one embodiment, a waiting time is set between the wake-up code and the first device address code to ensure that the downhole water distributor 2 can correctly and completely receive the instructions from the ground control unit 101.

[0105] Specifically, the encoding of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal transmitted by the ground control unit 101 to the downhole water distributor 2 includes a wake-up code, a first device address code, a first data code, and a first check code. The wake-up code is S, representing the duration of the infrasound signal, i.e., the first high-frequency pulse wave signal, which is longer than the sleep interval of the downhole water distributor 2. When the downhole water distributor 2 detects the infrasound signal, it is awakened and enters the real-time dynamic monitoring mode. There is a waiting time N between the wake-up code and the first device address code to ensure that the downhole water distributor 2 can correctly and completely receive the instructions from the ground control unit 101. The number of bits in the binary code of the first device address code can be determined by... The settings are configured according to actual needs. For example, the first device address code consists of 3 binary bits, resulting in a total of 2³ = 8 possible values, representing the device addresses of the water distributors 2 from the first to the eighth layer. The number of bits in the first data code can be set according to actual needs. For example, the first data code consists of 8 binary bits, resulting in a total of 2⁸ = 256 possible values. Different numbers transmit different instructions, which can represent the opening degree of the water nozzle, the underground pressure, and the stratified flow data of the corresponding water distributor 2. The correspondence between the instructions and their meanings is preset. The first check code uses a binary even check. For example, such as... Figure 3 The first device address code is 100, which means 4, and the first data code is 01110101, which means 117. Therefore, the information transmitted from the ground control unit 101 to the downhole water distributor 2 is that the fourth downhole water distributor 2 executes the 117 command.

[0106] In one embodiment, the encoding of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a start code, a second device address code, a second data code, and a second check code;

[0107] The second device address code represents the device address of the downhole water distributor 2;

[0108] The second data code represents the information transmitted from the downhole control unit to the surface control system 1;

[0109] The second checksum uses binary even parity.

[0110] Specifically, the encoding of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal transmitted from the downhole water distributor 2 to the surface control unit 101 includes a start code, a second device address code, a second data code, and a second check code. The number of bits in the binary code of the second device address code can be set according to actual needs. For example, the second device address code consists of 3 binary bits, with a total of 2³ = 8 possible values, representing the device addresses of the downhole water distributors 2 from the first to the eighth layer. The number of bits in the binary code of the second data code can also be set according to actual needs. The second data code represents the measured underground pressure data, stratified flow data, etc., of the corresponding downhole water distributor 2. For example, the second data code consists of 10 binary bits, with a total of 2¹⁰ = 1024 possible values. The downhole data transmission uses 3 significant bits: the tens digit, the units digit, and the decimal place. The second check code uses a binary even check. For example, as shown... Figure 4 The second device address code is 110, which means 6, and the second data code is 1001101111, which means 623. Therefore, the information transmitted from the downhole water distributor 2 to the surface control unit 101 is that the stratified flow rate of the sixth-layer downhole water distributor 2 is 62.3 cubic meters per day.

[0111] In one embodiment, the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit 103 uses high-precision filtering and denoising identification technology to filter and denoise the acquired raw signal to obtain a first high-frequency pulse wave signal.

[0112] Specifically, the denoising technique mainly applies the wavelet decomposition denoising principle, the principle of which is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, wavelet decomposition denoising is mainly a time-frequency analysis method based on wavelet analysis. It decomposes the signal into different frequency bands and performs threshold processing on these frequency bands to achieve denoising. By setting different thresholds, a higher threshold can be applied to the high-frequency band and a lower threshold can be applied to the low-frequency band, thereby effectively eliminating noise and preserving the main features of the signal.

[0113] The wavelet decomposition denoising process includes the following steps, the flowchart of which is attached. Figure 6 As shown, the process involves first acquiring the original signal and performing calculations with a suitable wavelet basis function. Next, thresholding is performed. For the obtained wavelet coefficients, a threshold is typically set; wavelet coefficients below this threshold are set to zero, while those above are retained. Finally, wavelet reconstruction is performed, involving inverse wavelet transform on the processed wavelet coefficients and deconvolution of the wavelet coefficients with the wavelet basis function to obtain the recovered signal.

[0114] In one embodiment, the ground control unit 101 sends ground inlet pressure data, ground outlet pressure data, valve opening data in the flow regulation unit 102, ground flow data, and a second parsing signal to the display unit 107 for display on the display unit 107.

[0115] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0116] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

Claims

1. A high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic wave communication system for water injection wells, characterized in that, include: A ground control system (1) is installed on the well site water injection pipeline; The ground control system (1) includes: a ground control unit (101), a flow regulation unit (102), a ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit (104), and a ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit (103). The flow regulation unit (102), the ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit (104), and the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit (103) are all connected to the ground control unit (101). The ground control unit (101) sends a first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit (103); The ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit (103) transmits a first high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the first pulse transmission command; the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is a high-frequency pulse underwater acoustic wave of 0.2~2HZ; The ground control unit (101) also controls the opening degree and switching frequency of the regulator valve of the flow regulating unit (102) so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal wave with the high-pressure water injected by the water injection well as the medium carrier. The downhole water distributor (2) includes: a downhole control unit, a downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit (201) and a downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit (202); the downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit (201) and the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit (202) are both connected to the downhole control unit; The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit (201) receives the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the downhole control unit so that the downhole control unit can analyze it to control the water nozzle opening and adjust the injection water volume. The downhole control unit also sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit (202); The downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit (202) transmits a second high-frequency pulse wave signal according to the second pulse transmission command; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of a longitudinal wave using high-pressure water injected into the water injection well as the medium carrier; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal is a high-frequency pulse water acoustic wave of 0.2~2HZ; The ground underwater acoustic wave receiving unit (104) receives the second high-frequency pulse wave signal and sends it to the ground control unit (101) so that the ground control unit (101) can analyze it and obtain the second analysis signal; Both the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and the second high-frequency pulse wave signal employ binary amplitude keying digital modulation technology.

2. The high-frequency pulsed underwater acoustic communication system for water injection wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground control system (1) further includes: The first pressure sensor (105) is used to collect pressure data at the ground water inlet. The second pressure sensor (108) is used to collect pressure data from the ground water outlet. The surface flow measurement unit (106) is used to measure surface flow data; The first pressure sensor (105), the second pressure sensor (108), and the ground flow measurement unit (106) are all connected to the ground control unit (101); The display unit (107) is connected to the ground control unit (101) and is used to display the ground inlet pressure data, the ground outlet pressure data, the ground flow data, the second analytical signal, and the valve opening data in the flow regulation unit (102). The valve opening data in the flow regulation unit (102) is obtained by the flow regulation unit (102).

3. A communication method based on the high-frequency pulsed hydroacoustic wave communication system for water injection wells as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The communication method includes: The ground control unit controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit to adjust the opening of the valve, thereby regulating the amount of water injected into the well site water injection pipe; The ground control unit sends the first pulse transmission command to the ground underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit; After receiving the first pulse transmission command, the ground-based hydroacoustic wave transmitting unit transmits a first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole hydroacoustic wave receiving unit; the first high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline. The downhole water acoustic wave receiving unit sends the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to the downhole control unit; The downhole control unit analyzes the received first high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain a first analyzed signal; The downhole control unit adjusts the nozzle opening according to the first analytical signal to adjust the injection water volume of the corresponding downhole water distributor; The downhole control unit sends a second pulse transmission command to the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit; After receiving the second pulse transmission command, the downhole water acoustic wave transmitting unit transmits a second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the surface water acoustic wave receiving unit; the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagates in the well site water injection pipeline; The ground-based underwater acoustic wave receiving unit sends the received second high-frequency pulse wave signal to the ground control unit; The ground control unit analyzes the second high-frequency pulse wave signal to obtain the second analyzed signal.

4. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ground control unit also controls the regulator of the flow regulation unit to adjust the switching frequency of the valve, so that the first high-frequency pulse wave signal and the second high-frequency pulse wave signal propagate in the well site water injection pipeline in the form of longitudinal waves using the high-pressure water injected from the water injection well as the medium.

5. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The encoding of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a wake-up code, a first device address code, a first data code, and a first check code; The wake-up code indicates that the duration of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than the sleep interval of the downhole water distributor. When the downhole water distributor detects the first high-frequency pulse wave signal, the downhole water distributor is woken up and enters the real-time dynamic monitoring mode. The first device address code represents the device address of the downhole water distributor; The first data code represents the instruction transmitted by the ground control unit to the downhole water distributor; The first check code uses binary even parity.

6. The communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that, A waiting time is set between the wake-up code and the first device address code to ensure that the downhole water distributor can correctly and completely receive the instructions from the ground control unit.

7. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The encoding of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal includes a start code, a second device address code, a second data code, and a second check code; The second device address code represents the device address of the downhole water distributor; The second data code represents the information transmitted by the downhole control unit to the surface control system; The second check code uses binary even parity.

8. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ground-based underwater acoustic wave transmitting unit uses high-precision filtering and noise reduction technology to filter and denoise the acquired raw signal to obtain the first high-frequency pulse wave signal.

9. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amplitude of the first high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than twice the amplitude of the background noise; The amplitude of the second high-frequency pulse wave signal is greater than twice the amplitude of the background noise.

10. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ground control unit sends ground inlet pressure data, ground outlet pressure data, valve opening data in the flow regulation unit, ground flow data, and a second analytical signal to the display unit for display.

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