Mechanical part laser welding device and intelligent welding system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical part laser welding device and an intelligent welding system thereof, and relates to the technical field of automatic welding, the mechanical part laser welding device comprises a laser welding mechanism, the laser welding mechanism comprises an adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with a limiting mechanism, and the upper part of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with a detection mechanism; the detection mechanism is located on the side face of the limiting mechanism. An included angle between a welding edge of a to-be-welded metal plate and a side line of a reference plate is measured through a visual detection system, and a plate edge adjusting system controls a first servo motor to rotate according to measured data, so that the side line of the to-be-welded metal plate is parallel to the side line of the reference plate; the welding edges of the two metal plates to be welded are adjusted to be parallel to each other and then are in butt joint and welding, so that the front and back widths of the seam are kept consistent, a laser welding gun can uniformly melt materials along the seam, the shape of the welding seam is regular and smooth, and the internal quality of the welding seam is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic welding, and in particular to a mechanical parts laser welding device and an intelligent welding system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Welding is a processing method that achieves atomic bonding of welded parts by heating, pressurizing or both, with or without filler materials. Depending on the different heating and pressurizing methods during the welding process, welding can be divided into three categories: fusion welding, pressure welding and brazing. Laser welding is a type of fusion welding. Because laser welding has the characteristics of high welding precision in the welding process, laser welding is often used in the welding process of mechanical parts with high welding precision requirements.

[0003] For example, the "laser welding machine" with publication number CN106903446B mainly includes a frame, on which a product placement platform is provided, on which a fixed pressure block and a flattening pressure block for flattening the product are provided, and also includes a first driving mechanism for driving the fixed pressure block to press the product down and a second driving mechanism for driving the flattening pressure block to press down and move on the surface of the product, and also includes a laser welding gun and a three-dimensional driving module arranged on the frame to drive the laser welding gun to move to the surface of the steel plate.

[0004] In the prior art, laser welding uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source to locally heat the weldment to a molten state, and then cools and solidifies to form a weld. Although the laser beam is usually within a range of a few millimeters or even smaller, the energy is highly concentrated in a very small area, which helps to accurately weld mechanical parts. However, to complete the precise welding of mechanical parts, the mechanical parts also need to be accurately assembled;

[0005] However, in the prior art, when the laser welding machine performs linear welding on the plate-like structure in the mechanical parts, although it can adjust the flatness of the metal plate, improve the quality of the metal plate assembly, and thus improve the quality of the metal plate welding, when the plate-like structure in the mechanical parts enters the welding process, in order to ensure the welding quality, improve the assembly accuracy and improve the production efficiency, the flatness of the plate-like structure will be tested in advance. Therefore, in the assembly process, the flatness of the metal plate is not the main factor determining the welding quality;

[0006] The key point of quality control during the assembly of metal plates during laser welding is that in the process of assembling metal plates, the accuracy of the fixture will continue to decrease due to aging and wear of the assembly fixture during use. When the positioning pin of the fixture is worn and the positioning surface is uneven, the assembly position of the metal plate will be inaccurate, resulting in the welding edges of the two metal plates not being parallel to each other, resulting in inconsistent weld widths. When welding on the wider side, since the laser beam is usually within the range of a few millimeters or even smaller, the energy is highly concentrated in a very small area. The laser beam will directly pass through the gap and cannot effectively heat and melt the metal plates on both sides, resulting in the inability to form a continuous weld or uneven fusion lines, and the narrower side will have the risk of incomplete fusion or insufficient fusion depth. The irregular weld shape will reduce the mechanical properties of the weld, making it easy to be damaged at weak locations when subjected to tension, bending or shear forces. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser welding device for mechanical parts and an intelligent welding system thereof, so as to solve the problem in the prior art proposed in the above background technology that the accuracy of the assembly fixture will continue to decrease due to aging and wear during use. When the positioning pin of the fixture is worn and the positioning surface is uneven, the assembly position of the metal plate will be inaccurate, resulting in the welding edges of the two metal plates being non-parallel to each other, resulting in inconsistent width of the weld, which will ultimately reduce the mechanical properties of the weld and make it easy for the weld to be damaged at weak locations when subjected to tension, bending or shear force.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser welding device for mechanical parts, comprising a laser welding mechanism, the laser welding mechanism comprising an adjusting mechanism, the upper portion of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to a limiting mechanism, and the upper portion of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to a detecting mechanism, the detecting mechanism is located on the side of the limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism is used to limit and fix the metal plate to be welded, the detecting mechanism comprises a lifting assembly, a rotating assembly and a measuring assembly, the lifting assembly is used to adjust the height of the measuring assembly, the rotating assembly is used to adjust the angle of the measuring assembly, the measuring assembly comprises a reference plate, a fixed block, an adjusting box and a transmission shaft, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the side of the fixed block is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor, the adjusting The side of the box is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the adjustment box, the side of the reference plate is fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve, the inner thread of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw, the end of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, the measuring assembly is used to detect whether the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded is parallel to the reference plate, the laser welding mechanism includes a laser welding gun, and a visual inspection system is installed on the side of the laser welding gun, the visual inspection system is used to measure the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded, the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded, the adjustment mechanism includes a connecting plate, the upper part of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a No. 1 servo motor, and the top of the No. 1 servo motor is fixedly connected to a limiting mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the laser welding mechanism includes an operating table and an X-axis moving component No. 1, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the upper part of the operating table, the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the X-axis moving component No. 1, a Z-axis moving component is installed on the side of the X-axis moving component No. 1, a Y-axis moving component is installed on the side of the Z-axis moving component, and a laser welding gun is installed at the bottom of the Y-axis moving component No. 1.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a No. 2 X-axis moving component, the No. 2 X-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the upper part of the operating table, and the No. 2 Y-axis moving component is installed on the upper part of the No. 2 X-axis moving component, the upper part of the No. 2 Y-axis moving component is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the upper part of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped slide rail, the inside of the arc-shaped slide rail is slidably connected to an arc-shaped slider, the upper part of the arc-shaped slider is fixedly connected to a support rod, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a mounting plate, a side surface of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to cylinder No. 1, and a clamping frame is installed on the upper part of the mounting plate, one end of the clamping frame is fixedly connected to cylinder No. 1, and the other end of the clamping frame is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to cylinder No. 3, the end of cylinder No. 3 is fixedly connected to positioning pin No. 2, the side of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to cylinder No. 2, and the end of cylinder No. 2 is fixedly connected to positioning pin No. 1.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes two connecting outer tubes, both of which are slidably connected to connecting inner tubes, one of the connecting inner tubes is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate on the upper portion, the other connecting inner tube is fixedly connected to a second fixing plate on the upper portion, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting inner tube, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting outer tube, a guide block is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting inner tube, and the guide block is located inside the guide groove and is slidably connected to the connecting outer tube.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a connecting head, which is fixedly connected to the upper part of the No. 2 fixed plate, and a connecting shaft is rotatably connected inside the connecting head. A positioning assembly is fixedly connected to the upper part of the No. 1 fixed plate, and a No. 2 servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper part of the No. 1 fixed plate, and the No. 2 servo motor is located on the side of the positioning assembly, and the No. 2 servo motor is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft. The positioning assembly includes a connecting block, a limiting groove is arranged inside the connecting block, a limiting slider is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, the limiting slider is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the rotation angle of the limiting slider inside the limiting groove is 90°.

[0014] Preferably, the measuring assembly includes a limit bolt and a limit sleeve, the surface of the adjusting box is fixedly connected with a bar slide rail, the inside of the bar slide rail is slidably connected with a bar slider, the bar slider is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed block, the surface of the adjusting box is rotatably connected with an adjusting knob, the surface of the adjusting knob is fixedly connected with an adjusting gear, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the reduction gear, the reduction gear is meshed with the adjusting gear, the limit bolt is threadedly connected to the adjusting box, and the end of the limit bolt is rotatably connected with a clamping block, the side of the clamping block is fixedly connected with a No. 1 limit rod, the No. 1 limit rod is plugged into the adjusting box, the clamping block is meshed with the reduction gear, the limit sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the reference plate, and a No. 2 limit rod is slidably plugged into the inside of the limit sleeve, and the No. 2 limit rod is fixedly connected to the side of the adjusting box.

[0015] Preferably, the visual inspection system calculates the angle between the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate based on an image edge fitting method, the steps are as follows:

[0016] S1. The image of the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate is collected by the visual inspection system. The edge pixel points of the plate edge are extracted from the image using the edge detection algorithm to obtain the edge pixel point coordinate set {(x i ,y i )},i=1,2,…,n;

[0017] S2. Use the least squares method to fit the straight line. Assume that the equation of the board edge straight line obtained by fitting is: y=k1x+b1. The goal of the least squares method is to make all edge pixels (x i ,y i ) to the straight line y = k1x + b1, the sum of the squares of the distances is minimized, and k1 and b1 are obtained by solving the following system of equations, as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Where: x i and i are the coordinates of the edge pixels, and are the average values ​​of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate, respectively, and l xx is the sum of squared deviations of the x-coordinates, l xy It is the sum of the products of the deviations of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate;

[0020] S3. Use the edge of the reference plate as the reference straight line, whose slope is k2 = 0. The angle between the metal plate to be welded and the edge of the reference plate is calculated as follows:

[0021]

[0022] θ = arctan(|k1|);

[0023] Where: θ is the angle between the edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge of the reference plate.

[0024] Preferably, a leveling mechanism is installed on the upper part of the limiting mechanism, and the leveling mechanism includes a connecting frame and a No. 4 cylinder. The connecting frame is slidably connected to the mounting plate, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting frame. The bottom of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the bottom of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a jack, and the bottom of the jack is fixedly connected to a leveling plate, and the leveling plate is located above the support plate, the No. 4 cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate, and the end of the No. 4 cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

[0025] An intelligent welding system for a laser welding device for mechanical parts, the intelligent welding system comprising a plate edge adjustment system, a weld positioning and detection system and a welding parameter adjustment system, the plate edge adjustment system comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis and processing module and an adjustment control module, the data acquisition module is used to receive the offset data of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded detected and calculated by the detection mechanism and the visual detection system, the data analysis and processing module is used to perform data cleaning and data conversion processing on the data collected by the data acquisition module, and compare the data with the parameter threshold for setting the plate edge offset, to determine whether the offset of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded needs to be adjusted, the adjustment control module is used to calculate the control parameter according to the judgment result of the data analysis and processing module, and control the adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle of the welding edge line according to the calculated control parameter;

[0026] The weld positioning and monitoring system is used to locate the weld position of two metal plates to be welded after being spliced, and adjust the position of the laser welding gun according to the positioning information. The weld positioning and detection system is used to monitor the quality of the weld during the welding process, and determine the quality problems existing when the weld is unqualified. The quality problems existing when the weld is unqualified include undercut, unqualified weld excess height, uneven weld width and surface cracks.

[0027] The welding parameter adjustment system is used to adjust the welding parameters accordingly based on the quality problems existing when the weld is unqualified according to the weld positioning and monitoring system.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. In the present invention, the metal plate to be welded is driven to fit and extrude with multiple reference plates by the second Y-axis moving component. If the difference between the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the multiple pressure sensors exceeds the threshold range, the visual inspection system measures the angle between the welding edge and the edge of the reference plate. The plate edge adjustment system controls the first servo motor to rotate according to the measurement data, so that the mounting plate and the metal plate to be welded fixed on its upper part rotate, so that the edge of the metal plate to be welded is kept parallel to the edge of the reference plate. Then, the laser welding gun performs welding operation on the metal plates to be welded. By adjusting the welding edges of the two metal plates to be welded to be parallel to each other and then docking and welding, the width of the joint is kept consistent. The laser welding gun can melt the material evenly along the gap, so that the shape of the weld is regular and smooth, and the internal quality of the weld is improved.

[0030] 2. In the present invention, the position of the metal plate to be welded is adjusted by the plate edge adjustment system, so as to improve the overall automation level and facilitate accurate position adjustment. Then, the weld position of the two metal plates to be welded that have been spliced ​​is positioned by the weld positioning and monitoring system, and the position of the laser welding gun is adjusted according to the positioning information, so that the laser welding gun can be quickly and accurately moved to the weld position, so that the laser energy emitted by it can accurately act on the gap to be welded, ensuring that the width and depth of the weld meet the requirements, avoiding the situation where the weld width is different or the penetration depth is insufficient due to the position deviation of the welding gun, and the weld positioning and detection system monitors the quality of the weld during the welding process, and the welding parameter adjustment system makes timely adjustments, which can improve the internal quality and appearance quality of the weld, avoid a lot of rework, and improve production efficiency;

[0031] 3. In the present invention, the adjusting gear is driven to rotate by turning the adjusting knob, and the reduction gear and the transmission shaft are driven to rotate. The rotation of the adjusting gear is decelerated by the large number of teeth arranged on the surface of the reduction gear, so that the transmission shaft accurately drives the adjusting screw to rotate, thereby driving the position of the threaded sleeve and the reference plate to be accurately adjusted, so that multiple reference plates are located in the same vertical plane, ensuring that the reference plate can accurately detect the position of the metal plate to be welded, so that the two ends of the welding edge of the two metal plates to be welded have the same width, avoiding the laser welding gun from constantly adjusting parameters during the welding process due to inconsistent weld widths, which is conducive to the laser welding gun to perform stable welding of the weld;

[0032] 4. In the present invention, the No. 2 servo motor in the rotating assembly drives the connecting shaft to rotate, so that the reference plate is flipped 90° sideways and upward. At the same time, the No. 2 Y-axis moving assembly drives the metal plate to be welded to move above the reference plate, and then the electric push rod is extended to push the reference plate to fit the bottom of the metal plate. Similarly, the pressure transmitted by the corresponding reference plate is detected by the pressure sensor. When the mutual difference between the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the multiple pressure sensors exceeds the threshold range, it indicates that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is uneven. At this time, the lifting assembly drives the detection assembly to move downward, and at the same time, the No. 4 cylinder is extended to push the mounting frame, the connecting frame and the support plate to move, so that the support plate is laid on the bottom of the metal plate, and then the jack is extended to push the leveling plate to level the welding edge, ensuring that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded remains flat, and the butt joint between the metal plates is tighter and flatter. The laser beam of the laser welding gun during welding can evenly act on the butt joint gap of the metal plates, making the shape of the weld more regular. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a connecting plate in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a mounting plate in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a detection mechanism in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustment process of the mounting plate in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a detection mechanism in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional front view structural schematic diagram of a positioning component in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of an adjustment box in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional top view of the structure of an adjustment box in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of a mounting plate in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a flattening mechanism in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a support plate in a laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the flatness detection and leveling operation of the metal plate by the leveling mechanism in the laser welding device for mechanical parts of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.15 The present invention is a flow chart of an intelligent welding system in a laser welding device for mechanical parts.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Laser welding mechanism; 11. Operating table; 12. Fixed frame; 13. No. 1 X-axis moving assembly; 14. Z-axis moving assembly; 15. No. 1 Y-axis moving assembly; 16. Laser welding gun; 2. Adjusting mechanism; 21. No. 2 X-axis moving assembly; 22. No. 2 Y-axis moving assembly; 23. Connecting plate; 24. Arc slide rail; 25. Arc slide block; 26. Support rod; 27. No. 1 servo motor; 3. Visual inspection system; 4. Limiting mechanism; 41. Mounting plate; 42. No. 1 cylinder; 43. Clamping frame; 44. Clamping plate; 45. No. 2 cylinder; 46. No. 1 positioning pin; 47. No. 3 cylinder; 48. No. 2 positioning pin; 5. Inspection mechanism; 51. Connecting outer tube; 52. Connecting inner tube; 53. Electric push rod; 54. No. 1 fixing plate; 55. No. 2 fixing plate; 56. Connector; 57. Connecting shaft; 58. No. 2 servo motor; 59. Positioning assembly; 510. Fixing block; 511. Connecting block; 512. Limiting slide; 513. Limiting slider; 514. Adjusting box; 515. Reference plate; 516. Pressure sensor; 517. Strip slide; 518. Strip slider; 519. Reduction gear; 520. Limiting bolt; 521. Block; 522. No. 1 limiting rod; 523. Adjusting knob; 524. Adjusting gear; 525. Transmission shaft; 526. Adjusting screw; 527. Threaded sleeve; 528. Limiting sleeve; 529. No. 2 limiting rod; 530. Guide block; 6. Leveling mechanism; 61. Mounting frame; 62. Jack; 63. Leveling plate; 64. No. 4 cylinder; 65. Connecting frame; 66. Support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 15As shown: A laser welding device for mechanical parts includes a laser welding mechanism 1, the laser welding mechanism 1 includes an adjustment mechanism 2 installed, the upper part of the adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to a limiting mechanism 4, and the upper part of the adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to a detection mechanism 5, the detection mechanism 5 is located on the side of the limiting mechanism 4, the limiting mechanism 4 is used to limit and fix the metal plate to be welded, the detection mechanism 5 includes a lifting component, a rotating component and a measuring component, the lifting component is used to adjust the height of the measuring component, the rotating component is used to adjust the angle of the measuring component, the measuring component includes a reference plate 515, a fixed block 510, an adjustment box 514 and a transmission shaft 525, the fixed block 510 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 57, and the side of the fixed block 510 is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 516, and the side of the adjustment box 514 is connected to the pressure sensor 51 6 is fixedly connected, the transmission shaft 525 is rotatably connected to the adjustment box 514, a threaded sleeve 527 is fixedly connected to the side of the reference plate 515, an adjusting screw 526 is threadedly connected inside the threaded sleeve 527, and the end of the adjusting screw 526 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 525, the measuring component is used to detect whether the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded is parallel to the reference plate 515, the laser welding mechanism 1 includes a laser welding gun 16, a visual inspection system 3 is installed on the side of the laser welding gun 16, the visual inspection system 3 is used to measure the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded, the adjustment mechanism 2 is used to adjust the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded, the adjustment mechanism 2 includes a connecting plate 23, the upper part of the connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to a No. 1 servo motor 27, and the top of the No. 1 servo motor 27 is fixedly connected to the limiting mechanism 4;

[0051] The visual inspection system 3 calculates the angle between the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate 515 based on the image edge fitting method, and the steps are as follows:

[0052] S1, collect images of the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate 515 through the visual inspection system 3, extract edge pixel points of the plate edge from the image using the edge detection algorithm, and obtain the edge pixel point coordinate set {(x i ,y i )},i=1,2,…,n;

[0053] S2. Use the least squares method to fit the straight line. Assume that the equation of the board edge straight line obtained by fitting is: y=k1x+b1. The goal of the least squares method is to make all edge pixels (x i ,y i ) to the straight line y = k1x + b1, the sum of the squares of the distances is minimized, and k1 and b1 are obtained by solving the following system of equations, as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where: x i and iare the coordinates of the edge pixels, and are the average values ​​of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate, respectively, and l xx is the sum of squared deviations of the x-coordinates, l xy It is the sum of the products of the deviations of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate;

[0056] S3. Use the edge of the reference plate 515 as a reference straight line, whose slope is k2=0. The angle between the metal plate to be welded and the edge of the reference plate 515 is calculated as follows:

[0057]

[0058] θ = arctan(|k1|);

[0059] Where: θ is the angle between the edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge of the reference plate 515;

[0060] The laser welding mechanism 1 includes an operating table 11 and a No. 1 X-axis moving assembly 13. A fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the operating table 11. The fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected to the No. 1 X-axis moving assembly 13. A Z-axis moving assembly 14 is installed on the side of the No. 1 X-axis moving assembly 13. A No. 1 Y-axis moving assembly 15 is installed on the side of the Z-axis moving assembly 14. A laser welding gun 16 is installed at the bottom of the No. 1 Y-axis moving assembly 15.

[0061] The adjusting mechanism 2 includes a No. 2 X-axis moving component 21, which is fixedly connected to the upper part of the operating table 11, and a No. 2 Y-axis moving component 22 is installed on the upper part of the No. 2 X-axis moving component 21, and the upper part of the No. 2 Y-axis moving component 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 23, and the upper part of the connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped slide rail 24, and an arc-shaped slider 25 is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped slide rail 24, and a support rod 26 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the arc-shaped slider 25, and the support rod 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting mechanism 4.

[0062] In this embodiment, the metal plate to be welded fixed on the upper part of the limiting mechanism 4 is driven to move its position by the second Y-axis moving component 22, so that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is fitted with the surface of the reference plate 515. During the movement of the second Y-axis moving component 22, the metal plate to be welded will squeeze the surface of the reference plate 515 in the multiple detection components. At this time, the pressure on the reference plate 515 is transmitted to the pressure sensor 516 through the threaded sleeve 527, the adjusting screw 526 and the adjusting box 514. The pressure is monitored by the pressure sensor 516. When the mutual difference between the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the multiple pressure sensors 516 is within the set threshold range, it indicates that the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded is parallel to the surface of the reference plate 515. Then, the height of the detection component is lowered by the lifting component, and then the two metal plates to be welded are spliced ​​by the second Y-axis moving component 22. Finally, after the laser welding gun 16 is accurately positioned, the laser welding gun 16 is used to perform welding operations on the metal plates to be welded.

[0063] When the No. 2 Y-axis moving component 22 drives the metal plate to be welded to fit and squeeze with multiple reference plates 515, if the mutual difference between the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the multiple pressure sensors 516 exceeds the threshold range, it indicates that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge line of the reference plate 515 are not parallel. At this time, the visual inspection system 3 measures the angle between the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge line of the reference plate 515. During the process of the plate edge adjustment system controlling the No. 1 servo motor 27 to drive the mounting plate 41 to adjust the angle according to the measurement data, the support rod 26 drives the arc slider 25 to slide along the inside of the arc slide rail 24, limits the rotation of the mounting plate 41, improves the stability of the mounting plate 41 during rotation, and makes the mounting plate 41 and the metal plate to be welded fixed on its upper part are rotated so that the edge line of the metal plate to be welded is kept parallel to the edge line of the reference plate 515. After the position adjustment of the metal plate to be welded is completed, the position of the metal plate to be welded is re-detected by the detection component in the detection mechanism 5 to ensure its accurate position, and then the two metal plates to be welded are spliced, and finally the laser welding gun 16 is accurately positioned, and the metal plates to be welded are welded using the laser welding gun 16; by adjusting the welding edges of the two metal plates to be welded to a state parallel to each other and then docking and welding, the width of the joint is kept consistent front and back, and the laser welding gun 16 can melt the material evenly along the gap, so that the shape of the weld is regular and smooth, thereby improving the internal quality of the weld.

[0064] Embodiment 2: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the measuring assembly includes a fixed block 510, an adjusting box 514, a transmission shaft 525, a limit bolt 520 and a limit sleeve 528, the fixed block 510 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 57, and the side of the fixed block 510 is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 516, the side of the adjusting box 514 is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor 516, the surface of the adjusting box 514 is fixedly connected to a bar slide rail 517, the inside of the bar slide rail 517 is slidably connected to a bar slider 518, the bar slider 518 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed block 510, the surface of the adjusting box 514 is rotatably connected to an adjusting knob 523, the surface of the adjusting knob 523 is fixedly connected to an adjusting gear 524, the transmission shaft 525 is rotatably connected to the adjusting box 514, and the transmission shaft 525 is connected to the reduction gear 519. The reduction gear 519 is fixedly connected with the adjustment gear 524, the limit bolt 520 is threadedly connected with the adjustment box 514, and the end of the limit bolt 520 is rotatably connected with a clamping block 521, and the side of the clamping block 521 is fixedly connected with a No. 1 limit rod 522, which is plugged into the adjustment box 514, and the clamping block 521 is meshed with the reduction gear 519. The side of the reference plate 515 is fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve 527, and the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 527 is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw 526, and the end of the adjusting screw 526 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 525. The limit sleeve 528 is fixedly connected with the side of the reference plate 515, and the internal sliding plug of the limit sleeve 528 is a No. 2 limit rod 529, and the No. 2 limit rod 529 is fixedly connected with the side of the adjustment box 514.

[0065] In this embodiment, before and during the maintenance stage of the multiple measuring components in the detection mechanism 5, it is necessary to adjust the positions of the multiple reference plates 515 so that the detection surfaces of the multiple reference plates 515 are in the same plane, and the adjustment knob 523 is turned to drive the adjustment gear 524 to rotate, thereby driving the reduction gear 519 and the transmission shaft 525 to rotate, and the rotation of the adjustment gear 524 is decelerated by the large number of teeth set on the surface of the reduction gear 519, so that the transmission shaft 525 accurately drives the adjustment screw 526 to rotate, and then the threaded sleeve 527 and the reference plate 515 are driven by the thread on the surface of the adjustment screw 526 to accurately adjust the position, so that the multiple reference plates 515 are located in the same vertical plane, ensuring that the reference plate 515 can accurately detect the position of the metal plate to be welded;

[0066] When the position of the reference plate 515 is adjusted, the limiting sleeve 528 will slide along the second limiting rod 529 to limit the reference plate 515 during the adjustment and movement process and the subsequent use process, thereby improving the stability of the reference plate 515. After the position of the reference plate 515 is accurately adjusted, the block 521 is pushed to engage with the reduction gear 519 by rotating the limiting bolt 520, thereby locking the position of the reduction gear 519, so that the position of the reference plate 515 remains accurate. When the block 521 is moving, the first limiting rod 522 slides along the adjustment box 514 to limit the movement of the block 521, thereby improving the stability of the block 521 during movement and use. Accurate detection of the position of the metal plates to be welded is the basis for stable welding thereof. By accurately detecting their positions, the widths of the welding edges of the two metal plates to be welded are the same at both ends, and there is no need to continuously adjust parameters of the laser welding gun 16 during welding due to inconsistent weld widths, which is conducive to stable welding of the weld by the laser welding gun 16.

[0067] Embodiment 3: Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the limiting mechanism 4 includes a mounting plate 41, a No. 1 cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 41, and a clamping frame 43 is installed on the upper part of the mounting plate 41, one end of the clamping frame 43 is fixedly connected to the No. 1 cylinder 42, and the other end of the clamping frame 43 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 44, a No. 3 cylinder 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 41, and a No. 2 positioning pin 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the No. 3 cylinder 47, a No. 2 cylinder 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 41, and a No. 1 positioning pin 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the No. 2 cylinder 45, and the limiting mechanism 4 A leveling mechanism 6 is installed on the upper part, and the leveling mechanism 6 includes a connecting frame 65 and a No. 4 cylinder 64. The connecting frame 65 is slidably plugged with the mounting plate 41, and a support plate 66 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting frame 65. The bottom of the connecting frame 65 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 61, and the bottom of the mounting frame 61 is fixedly connected to the jack 62. The bottom of the jack 62 is fixedly connected to the leveling plate 63, and the leveling plate 63 is located above the support plate 66. The No. 4 cylinder 64 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 41, and the end of the No. 4 cylinder 64 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 61;

[0068] The lifting assembly includes two connecting outer tubes 51, and the two connecting outer tubes 51 are slidably connected with connecting inner tubes 52 inside. The upper part of one connecting inner tube 52 is fixedly connected with a No. 1 fixing plate 54, and the upper part of the other connecting inner tube 52 is fixedly connected with a No. 2 fixing plate 55. The bottom of the connecting inner tube 52 is fixedly connected with an electric push rod 53. The inner wall of the connecting outer tube 51 is provided with a guide groove. The side of the connecting inner tube 52 is fixedly connected with a guide block 530. The guide block 530 is located in the guide groove and is slidably connected to the connecting outer tube 51. The rotating assembly includes a connecting head 56, and the connecting head 56 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the No. 2 fixing plate 55. The connecting head 5 6 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 57 inside, a positioning assembly 59 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the No. 1 fixing plate 54, and a No. 2 servo motor 58 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the No. 1 fixing plate 54, the No. 2 servo motor 58 is located at the side of the positioning assembly 59, and the No. 2 servo motor 58 is fixedly connected with the end of the connecting shaft 57, the positioning assembly 59 includes a connecting block 511, a limiting slide groove 512 is arranged inside the connecting block 511, a limiting slider 513 is slidably connected inside the limiting slide groove 512, the limiting slider 513 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 57, and the rotation angle of the limiting slider 513 inside the limiting slide groove 512 is 90°.

[0069] In this embodiment, the metal plate to be welded is placed on the upper part of the mounting plate 41, and one end of the clamping frame 43 is lifted by the No. 1 cylinder 42. At this time, the other end of the clamping frame 43 pushes the clamping plate 44 to clamp and fix the metal plate to be welded. During the whole process of clamping and fixing the metal plate to be welded by the limiting mechanism 4, the No. 3 cylinder 47 is first used to drive the No. 2 positioning pin 48 to move, and the No. 2 positioning pin 48 is used to adjust one side of the metal plate to be welded. At the same time, the No. 2 cylinder 45 on both sides of the mounting plate 41 pushes the No. 1 positioning pin 46 to adjust the two ends of the metal plate to be welded. Finally, the No. 1 cylinder 42 pushes the clamping frame 43 to drive the clamping The plate 44 clamps and fixes the metal plate to be welded, so that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is relatively parallel to the reference plate 515. If the limiting mechanism 4 is not parallel to the reference plate 515 due to its own reduced accuracy when fixing the metal plate to be welded, or although the limiting mechanism 4 accurately fixes the metal plate to be welded, the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded itself is not parallel to the reference plate 515, then the detection mechanism 5 and the visual detection system 3 detect the angle between the welding edge and the reference plate 515, and then the adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the position of the metal plate to be welded, so that the butt joint gap between the metal plates remains uniform;

[0070] When the electric push rod 53 drives the connecting inner tube 52 to move up and down, the guide block 530 slides along the guide groove inside the connecting outer tube 51 to limit the movement of the connecting inner tube 52, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the connecting inner tube 52. When the second servo motor 58 drives the connecting shaft 57 to flip, the limiting slider 513 slides along the limiting slide groove 512, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the connecting shaft 57 and the accuracy of the 90° flipping of the reference plate 515.

[0071] After the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is inspected and adjusted, the electric push rod 53 in the lifting assembly is shortened to move the inspection assembly downward, and the No. 2 servo motor 58 in the rotating assembly drives the connecting shaft 57 to rotate, so that the reference plate 515 is flipped 90° sideways and upward. At the same time, the No. 2 Y-axis moving assembly 22 drives the metal plate to be welded to move above the reference plate 515, and then the electric push rod 53 is extended to push the reference plate 515 to fit the bottom of the metal plate. Similarly, the pressure transmitted by the corresponding reference plate 515 is detected by the pressure sensor 516. When multiple pressure sensors 516 detect The mutual difference between the multiple pressure values ​​exceeds the threshold range, indicating that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is uneven. At this time, the lifting assembly drives the detection assembly to move downward, and at the same time extends the No. 4 cylinder 64 to push the mounting frame 61, the connecting frame 65 and the support plate 66 to move, so that the support plate 66 is laid on the bottom of the metal plate, and then the jack 62 is extended to push the leveling plate 63 to level the welding edge, ensuring that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded remains flat, and the butt joint between the metal plates is tighter and flatter. The laser beam of the laser welding gun 16 during welding can evenly act on the butt joint gap of the metal plates, making the shape of the weld more regular.

[0072] Embodiment 4: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.15 As shown, an intelligent welding system of a laser welding device for mechanical parts, the intelligent welding system includes a plate edge adjustment system, a weld positioning and detection system and a welding parameter adjustment system, the plate edge adjustment system includes a data acquisition module, a data analysis and processing module and an adjustment control module, the data acquisition module is used to receive the offset data of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded detected and calculated by the detection mechanism 5 and the visual detection system 3, the data analysis and processing module is used to perform data cleaning and data conversion processing on the data collected by the data acquisition module, and compare it with the parameter threshold value of the set plate edge offset to determine whether the offset of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded needs to be adjusted, and the adjustment control module is used to calculate the control parameter according to the judgment result of the data analysis and processing module, and control the adjustment mechanism 2 to adjust the angle of the welding edge line according to the calculated control parameter;

[0073] The weld positioning and monitoring system is used to locate the weld position of two metal plates to be welded after being spliced, and adjust the position of the laser welding gun 16 according to the positioning information. The weld positioning and detection system is used to monitor the quality of the weld during the welding process, and determine the quality problems when the weld is unqualified. The quality problems when the weld is unqualified include undercut, unqualified weld excess height, uneven weld width and surface cracks.

[0074] The welding parameter adjustment system is used to determine the quality problems of unqualified welds based on the weld positioning and monitoring system, and adjust the welding parameters accordingly.

[0075] In this embodiment, the position of the metal plate to be welded is adjusted by the plate edge adjustment system to improve the overall automation level, and it is convenient to accurately adjust the position of the metal plate to be welded. The weld position of the two spliced ​​metal plates to be welded is then located by the weld positioning and monitoring system, and the position of the laser welding gun 16 is adjusted according to the positioning information, so that the laser welding gun 16 can be quickly and accurately moved to the weld position, so that the laser energy emitted by it can accurately act on the gap to be welded, ensuring that the width and depth of the weld meet the requirements, avoiding the occurrence of uneven weld width or insufficient penetration due to welding gun position deviation, and the weld positioning and detection system is used to monitor the quality of the weld during the welding process, and the welding parameter adjustment system is used to timely adjust the welding parameters, which can improve the internal quality and appearance quality of the weld, avoid a lot of rework, and improve production efficiency.

[0076] The working principle and use method of the device are as follows: the metal plate to be welded is fixedly placed on the upper part of the mounting plate 41 in the limiting mechanism 4, and then the metal plate to be welded on the upper part of the limiting mechanism 4 is driven to move its position by the second Y-axis moving assembly 22, so that the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded fits with the surface of the reference plate 515. At this time, the pressure exerted on the reference plate 515 is transmitted to the pressure sensor 516 through the threaded sleeve 527, the adjusting screw 526 and the adjusting box 514. The pressure is monitored by the pressure sensor 516. After determining that the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded is parallel to the surface of the reference plate 515, the height of the detection assembly is lowered by the lifting assembly, and then the two metal plates to be welded are spliced ​​by the second Y-axis moving assembly 22. Finally, after the laser welding gun 16 is accurately positioned, the laser welding gun 16 is used to weld the metal plates to be welded;

[0077] When the edge lines of the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate 515 are not parallel, the visual inspection system 3 measures the angle between the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge line of the reference plate 515, and the plate edge adjustment system controls the No. 1 servo motor 27 to rotate according to the measurement data, so that the mounting plate 41 and the metal plate to be welded fixed on the upper part thereof rotate, so that the edge line of the metal plate to be welded and the edge line of the reference plate 515 remain parallel. After the position adjustment of the metal plate to be welded is completed, the laser welding gun 16 is used to perform welding operation on the metal plate to be welded;

[0078] After the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is inspected and adjusted, the height of the inspection assembly is lowered by the lifting assembly, and at the same time, the No. 2 servo motor 58 in the rotating assembly drives the connecting shaft 57 to rotate, so that the reference plate 515 is flipped 90° sideways and upward, and at the same time, the No. 2 Y-axis moving assembly 22 drives the metal plate to be welded to move above the reference plate 515, and then the lifting assembly pushes the reference plate 515 to fit the bottom of the metal plate to be welded. Similarly, the pressure transmitted by the corresponding reference plate 515 is detected by the pressure sensor 516, and the mutual difference between the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the multiple pressure sensors 516 exceeds the threshold range, so as to judge whether the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is flat. When the welding edge of the metal plate to be welded is uneven, the No. 4 cylinder 64 is extended to push the mounting frame 61, the connecting frame 65 and the support plate 66 to move, so that the support plate 66 is laid on the bottom of the metal plate, and then the jack 62 is extended to push the leveling plate 63 to level the welding edge.

[0079] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for mechanical parts, comprising a laser welding mechanism (1), the laser welding mechanism (1) comprising an adjusting mechanism (2), the upper portion of the adjusting mechanism (2) being fixedly connected to a limiting mechanism (4), and the upper portion of the adjusting mechanism (2) being fixedly connected to a detection mechanism (5), the detection mechanism (5) being located on the side of the limiting mechanism (4), characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (4) is used to limit and fix the metal plate to be welded. The detection mechanism (5) comprises a lifting assembly, a rotating assembly and a measuring assembly. The lifting assembly is used to adjust the height of the measuring assembly. The rotating assembly is used to adjust the angle of the measuring assembly. The measuring assembly comprises a reference plate (515), a fixed block (510), an adjustment box (514) and a transmission shaft (525). The fixed block (510) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (57), and a pressure sensor (516) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed block (510). The side of the adjustment box (514) is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor (516). The transmission shaft (525) is rotationally connected to the adjustment box (514). The side of the reference plate (515) is fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve (527). An adjusting screw (526) is connected to the internal thread of the tube (527), and the end of the adjusting screw (526) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (525). The measuring assembly is used to detect whether the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded is parallel to the reference plate (515). The laser welding mechanism (1) includes a laser welding gun (16), and a visual detection system (3) is installed on the side of the laser welding gun (16). The visual detection system (3) is used to measure the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded. The adjusting mechanism (2) is used to adjust the angle of the welding edge line of the metal plate to be welded. The adjusting mechanism (2) includes a connecting plate (23), and a No. 1 servo motor (27) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting plate (23). The top of the No. 1 servo motor (27) is fixedly connected to the limiting mechanism (4).

2. A laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding mechanism (1) comprises an operating table (11) and a No. 1 X-axis moving assembly (13); a fixed frame (12) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the operating table (11); the fixed frame (12) is fixedly connected to the No. 1 X-axis moving assembly (13); a Z-axis moving assembly (14) is installed on the side of the No. 1 X-axis moving assembly (13); a No. 1 Y-axis moving assembly (15) is installed on the side of the Z-axis moving assembly (14); and a laser welding gun (16) is installed on the bottom of the No. 1 Y-axis moving assembly (15).

3. A mechanical parts laser welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a second X-axis moving assembly (21), the second X-axis moving assembly (21) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the operating table (11), and a second Y-axis moving assembly (22) is installed on the upper part of the second X-axis moving assembly (21), the upper part of the second Y-axis moving assembly (22) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (23), the upper part of the connecting plate (23) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped slide rail (24), the inner part of the arc-shaped slide rail (24) is slidably connected to an arc-shaped slider (25), the upper part of the arc-shaped slider (25) is fixedly connected to a support rod (26), and the support rod (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting mechanism (4).

4. A laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (4) comprises a mounting plate (41), a No. 1 cylinder (42) being fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate (41), and a clamping frame (43) being installed on the upper part of the mounting plate (41), one end of the clamping frame (43) being fixedly connected to the No. 1 cylinder (42), and the other end of the clamping frame (43) being fixedly connected to the clamping plate (44), a No. 3 cylinder (47) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (41), and a No. 2 positioning pin (48) being fixedly connected to the end of the No. 3 cylinder (47), and a No. 2 positioning pin (48) being fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate (41), and a No. 2 cylinder (45) being fixedly connected to the end of the No. 2 cylinder (45).

5. A mechanical parts laser welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises two connecting outer tubes (51), the two connecting outer tubes (51) are both slidably connected with connecting inner tubes (52), a first fixing plate (54) is fixedly connected to the upper part of one connecting inner tube (52), a second fixing plate (55) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the other connecting inner tube (52), an electric push rod (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting inner tube (52), a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting outer tube (51), a guide block (530) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting inner tube (52), and the guide block (530) is located in the guide groove and is slidably connected to the connecting outer tube (51).

6. A laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a connecting head (56), the connecting head (56) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the second fixed plate (55), a connecting shaft (57) is rotatably connected inside the connecting head (56), a positioning assembly (59) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the first fixed plate (54), and a second servo motor (58) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the first fixed plate (54), the second servo motor (58) is located on the side of the positioning assembly (59), and the second servo motor (58) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft (57), the positioning assembly (59) comprises a connecting block (511), a limiting slide groove (512) is arranged inside the connecting block (511), a limiting slider (513) is slidably connected inside the limiting slide groove (512), the limiting slider (513) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (57), and the rotation angle of the limiting slider (513) inside the limiting slide groove (512) is 90°.

7. A laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measuring assembly comprises a limiting bolt (520) and a limiting sleeve (528); a bar-shaped slide rail (517) is fixedly connected to the surface of the adjusting box (514); a bar-shaped slider (518) is slidably connected inside the bar-shaped slide rail (517); the bar-shaped slider (518) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed block (510); an adjusting knob (523) is rotatably connected to the surface of the adjusting box (514); an adjusting gear (524) is fixedly connected to the surface of the adjusting knob (523); the transmission shaft (525) is fixedly connected to the reduction gear (519); the reduction gear (519) is rotatably connected to the adjusting gear (524); ), the limiting bolt (520) is threadedly connected to the regulating box (514), and the end of the limiting bolt (520) is rotatably connected to a clamping block (521), a side of the clamping block (521) is fixedly connected to a first limiting rod (522), the first limiting rod (522) is plugged into the regulating box (514), the clamping block (521) is meshed with a reduction gear (519), the limiting sleeve (528) is fixedly connected to the side of the reference plate (515), and a second limiting rod (529) is slidably plugged into the inside of the limiting sleeve (528), and the second limiting rod (529) is fixedly connected to the side of the regulating box (514).

8. The laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The visual inspection system (3) calculates the angle between the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate (515) based on an image edge fitting method, the steps being as follows: S1, using the visual inspection system (3) to collect images of the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate (515), using the edge detection algorithm to extract edge pixel points of the plate edge from the image, and obtaining a set of edge pixel point coordinates of the plate edge {(x i ,y i )},i=1,2,…,n; S2. Use the least squares method to fit the straight line. Assume that the equation of the board edge straight line obtained by fitting is: y=k1x+b1. The goal of the least squares method is to make all edge pixels (x i ,y i ) to the straight line y = k1x + b1, the sum of the squares of the distances is minimized, and k1 and b1 are obtained by solving the following system of equations, as follows: Where: x i and i are the coordinates of the edge pixels, and are the average values ​​of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate, respectively, and l xx is the sum of squared deviations of the x-coordinates, l xy It is the product of the deviations of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate; S3. Using the edge of the reference plate (515) as a reference straight line, whose slope is k2=0, the angle between the edge of the metal plate to be welded and the reference plate (515) is calculated as follows: θ = arctan(|k1|); Wherein: θ is the angle between the edge of the metal plate to be welded and the edge of the reference plate (515).

9. A laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A leveling mechanism (6) is installed on the upper part of the limiting mechanism (4), and the leveling mechanism (6) includes a connecting frame (65) and a No. 4 cylinder (64). The connecting frame (65) is slidably plugged with the mounting plate (41), and a support plate (66) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting frame (65). The bottom of the connecting frame (65) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (61), and the bottom of the mounting frame (61) is fixedly connected to a jack (62). The bottom of the jack (62) is fixedly connected to a leveling plate (63), and the leveling plate (63) is located above the support plate (66). The No. 4 cylinder (64) is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate (41), and the end of the No. 4 cylinder (64) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (61).

10. An intelligent welding system for a laser welding device for mechanical parts, characterized in that: A mechanical parts laser welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, the intelligent welding system comprising a plate edge adjustment system, a weld positioning and detection system and a welding parameter adjustment system, the plate edge adjustment system comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis and processing module and an adjustment control module, the data acquisition module is used to receive the offset data of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded detected and calculated by the detection mechanism (5) and the visual detection system (3), the data analysis and processing module is used to perform data cleaning and data conversion processing on the data collected by the data acquisition module, and compare the data with the parameter threshold for setting the plate edge offset to determine whether the offset of the plate edge line of the metal plate to be welded needs to be adjusted, the adjustment control module is used to calculate the control parameter according to the judgment result of the data analysis and processing module, and control the adjustment mechanism (2) to adjust the angle of the welding edge line according to the calculated control parameter; The weld positioning and monitoring system is used to locate the weld position of two metal plates to be welded after being spliced, and to adjust the position of the laser welding gun (16) according to the positioning information, and the weld positioning and detection system is used to monitor the quality of the weld during the welding process, and to determine the quality problems existing when the weld is unqualified; The welding parameter adjustment system is used to adjust the welding parameters accordingly based on the quality problems existing when the weld positioning and monitoring system determines that the weld is unqualified.

Images