Phase change cold plate and cooling system thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a phase change cold plate and a cooling system thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heat transfer. The technical problem that an existing cold plate structure is low in heat exchange efficiency is solved. The phase change cold plate comprises a heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plate comprises a lower plate body and an upper plate body, the lower plate body and the upper plate body are fixedly connected, a heat exchange cavity is formed between the lower plate body and the upper plate body, the heat exchange cavity is communicated with a working medium inlet in the side portion of the heat exchange plate through a heat exchange flow channel, an indwelling cavity is formed in the upper plate body, and the indwelling cavity is communicated with the working medium inlet in the side portion of the heat exchange plate. The remaining cavity is communicated with the heat exchange cavity through a connecting channel, a capillary plate is arranged between the connecting channel and the heat exchange cavity, a steam passing opening is formed in the upper portion of the remaining cavity, and the steam passing opening is communicated with a steam outlet which is formed in the heat exchange plate and can enable the heat exchange plate to be communicated with the outside. The device has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, low circulating energy consumption, high equipment reliability and stability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of heat transfer technology, and in particular relates to a phase change cold plate and a cooling system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Phase change cold plates store and release heat through the phase change of substances between liquid and gas. When the outside temperature rises, the phase change material changes from liquid to gas and absorbs heat; when the outside temperature drops, the phase change material changes from gas to liquid and releases heat. This process can effectively maintain the stability of the system temperature and achieve efficient energy management. In the prior art, the current cooling system generally uses a single-phase liquid refrigerant. In some high-power consumption scenarios, the cooling capacity of a single-phase cold plate may reach its upper limit, making it difficult to meet higher heat dissipation requirements. To this end, people have conducted long-term explorations and proposed various solutions.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent document discloses a refrigeration plate [application number: 201410795637.4], including a plate body and a cover body, the plate body and the cover body are both made of hard material, and the cover body covers the back of the plate body; a cooling water channel is provided in the plate body, the cooling water channel is a square spiral or arc spiral, a water inlet is provided on the front of the plate body, a water outlet is provided on the side of the plate body, one end of the cooling water channel is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the cooling water channel is connected to the water outlet. The refrigeration plate provided by the present invention increases the path of the cooling water channel and improves the cooling effect of the cooling plate.

[0004] The above solution simply extends the cooling water channel, and the improvement of heat exchange efficiency is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a phase change cold plate with higher heat exchange efficiency in view of the above problems.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a phase change cold plate cooling system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a phase change cold plate, comprising a heat exchange plate, wherein the heat exchange plate comprises a lower plate body and an upper plate body, wherein the lower plate body and the upper plate body are fixedly connected, and a heat exchange chamber is provided between the lower plate body and the upper plate body, wherein the heat exchange chamber is connected with the working medium inlet on the side of the heat exchange plate through a heat exchange flow channel, and a retention chamber is provided in the upper plate body, wherein the retention chamber is connected with the heat exchange chamber through a connecting channel, and a capillary plate is provided between the connecting channel and the heat exchange chamber, and a steam outlet is provided at the upper part of the retention chamber, wherein the steam outlet is connected with a steam outlet provided on the heat exchange plate to enable the steam to be connected with the outside.

[0008] Since the heat exchange cavity and the retention cavity are separated by the capillary plate, it can ensure that there is enough working fluid in the heat exchange plate for evaporation, while avoiding excessive working fluid causing excessive pressure in the heat exchange plate or failure of complete evaporation of the refrigerant, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0009] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, the steam outlet is arranged at the top of the upper plate body; or arranged at the upper end side of the upper plate body. The steam outlet is arranged at the top or the upper end side, so that the steam generated during the heat exchange process can be discharged in an orderly manner through the steam outlet, avoiding the accumulation and backflow of steam in the heat exchange cavity, ensuring that the steam can be discharged smoothly, providing conditions for continuous heat exchange, and improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0010] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, the maximum inner diameter of the retention cavity is larger than the diameter of the connecting channel, and the steam outlet is located on one side of the connecting channel when it is arranged at the top of the upper plate body. The maximum inner diameter of the retention cavity is larger than the diameter of the connecting channel. This design allows the steam to have a larger space for buffering and accumulation in the retention cavity, and can extend the residence time of the steam in the retention cavity to a certain extent, which not only helps to reduce the resistance and pressure loss of the steam during the flow process, improve the smoothness and efficiency of the steam flow, but also makes the heat exchange between the steam and the retention cavity wall more sufficient.

[0011] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, the heat exchange cavity and the heat exchange flow channel are both arranged at the top of the lower plate body, and the working medium inlet is arranged at the side of the lower plate body. Since the heat exchange cavity and the heat exchange flow channel are located at the top of the lower plate body, this layout facilitates the transfer of heat from the heat source to the heat exchange cavity and the heat exchange flow channel, thereby enabling the heat to be transferred to the working medium faster, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0012] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, a plurality of heat exchange protrusions distributed in a rectangular array are provided in the heat exchange cavity, and the heat exchange protrusions are connected to the lower plate body as a whole. The design of the heat exchange protrusions significantly increases the heat exchange area. Since the contact area between the protrusions and the working medium is increased, the working medium can more fully exchange heat under the same volume or flow rate, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0013] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, the capillary plate is fixed in the connecting channel or on the top of the heat exchange chamber. The presence of the capillary plate helps the working medium to better change phase in the heat exchange chamber. When the working medium is heated and evaporated, the capillary plate can guide the steam to flow along a specific path, reducing the retention and reflux of the steam. At the same time, during the condensation process, the capillary plate can also promote the capillary action of the liquid working medium and promote the circulation of the working medium.

[0014] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate, the capillary plate is embedded in the annular step above the heat exchange cavity, and the upper end abuts against the bottom surface of the upper plate body; or, the capillary plate is embedded in the annular step at the lower end of the connecting channel, and the lower end abuts against the top surface of the upper plate body. By embedding the capillary plate in the annular step and abutting against it, the capillary plate is accurately positioned and firmly fixed. This design ensures that the capillary plate will not be displaced due to vibration or temperature changes during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of heat exchange.

[0015] This phase change cold plate cooling system includes the phase change cold plate as described above, the working medium inlet of the phase change cold plate is connected to the throttling element, the fluorine pump and the liquid storage tank in sequence, the steam outlet is connected to the vapor-liquid separator, the steam outlet of the vapor-liquid separator is connected to the liquid storage tank through the condenser, and the liquid outlet of the vapor-liquid separator is connected to the liquid storage tank. The system pumps the liquid fluoride working medium in the liquid storage tank to the working medium inlet of the phase change cold plate through the fluorine pump. After passing through the throttling element, the liquid working medium absorbs heat and undergoes phase change in the phase change cold plate, thereby taking away a large amount of heat. After that, the working medium is separated at the vapor-liquid separator through the steam outlet, and the gaseous working medium condenses at the condensing plate and returns to the liquid storage tank with the liquid working medium. The system has high overall heat exchange efficiency and less loss of working medium, and low energy consumption.

[0016] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate cooling system, the liquid outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank through a pressure regulating valve; the liquid storage tank is connected to a pressure relief valve. The introduction of the pressure regulating valve enables the system to accurately control the pressure of the liquid working medium flowing out of the vapor-liquid separator when entering the liquid storage tank, which helps to maintain the stability of the internal pressure of the liquid storage tank. The stable pressure helps to improve the working efficiency of the fluorine pump. At the same time, it also plays an important safety protection role. When the internal pressure of the liquid storage tank exceeds the set value, the pressure relief valve will automatically open to release excess pressure to prevent the liquid storage tank from being damaged or dangerous due to overpressure. This design improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0017] In the above-mentioned phase change cold plate cooling system, the throttling element includes any one of a capillary tube, a throttling short tube, an expansion valve or an electronic regulating valve. In situations where the flow of the working fluid needs to be precisely controlled, an electronic regulating valve can be selected; and in some situations where there are strict requirements on cost, a capillary tube or a throttling short tube with a lower cost can be selected. This flexibility enables the system to adapt to different working environments and cooling requirements.

[0018] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this phase change cold plate and its cooling system are: 1. It can ensure that there is enough working fluid in the phase change cold plate, and optimize the evaporation conditions, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. 2. The cycle energy consumption is low, energy saving and environmental protection. 3. It can adjust the pressure, safe and reliable, and ensure the reliability and stability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the lower plate structure provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the phase change cold plate provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the phase change cold plate provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the phase change cold plate cooling system provided by the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, a heat exchange plate 1, a phase change cold plate 10, a working fluid inlet 11, a working fluid outlet 12, a lower plate body 2, a heat exchange flow channel 21, an upper plate body 3, a retention cavity 31, a connecting channel 32, a steam port 33, a heat exchange cavity 4, a capillary plate 41, a heat exchange protrusion 42, an annular step 43, a throttling element 5, a fluorine pump 6, a liquid storage tank 7, a pressure relief valve 71, a vapor-liquid separator 8, a liquid outlet 81, a steam outlet 82, a pressure regulating valve 83, and a condenser 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiment 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a phase change cold plate includes a heat exchange plate 1, and the heat exchange plate 1 includes a lower plate body 2 and an upper plate body 3, the lower plate body 2 and the upper plate body 3 are fixedly connected by welding, a heat exchange chamber 4 is provided between the lower plate body 2 and the upper plate body 3, the heat exchange chamber 4 is connected with the working medium inlet 11 on the side of the heat exchange plate 1 through a heat exchange flow channel 21, a retention chamber 31 is opened in the upper plate body 3, the retention chamber 31 is connected with the heat exchange chamber 4 through a connecting channel 32, and a capillary plate 41 is provided between the connecting channel 32 and the heat exchange chamber 4, a steam outlet 33 is provided on the upper part of the retention chamber 31, and the steam outlet 33 is connected with the working medium outlet 12 provided on the heat exchange plate 1 to enable it to communicate with the outside.

[0025] In this embodiment, the working fluid enters the phase change cold plate 10 through the working fluid inlet 11, performs pre-heat exchange while flowing through the heat exchange channel 21, and absorbs heat from the heat source under the lower plate body 2 after reaching the heat exchange chamber 4. After the working fluid is vaporized, it enters the retention chamber 31 through the capillary plate 41, continues to exchange heat, and is finally discharged through the working fluid outlet 12. The process of phase change of the working fluid can absorb a large amount of heat, thereby achieving the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0026] More specifically, the steam outlet 12 is arranged at the top of the upper plate body 3 ; the heat exchange cavity 4 and the heat exchange flow channel 21 are both arranged at the top of the lower plate body 2 , and the working medium inlet 11 is arranged at the side of the lower plate body 2 .

[0027] More specifically, the maximum inner diameter of the retention cavity 31 is greater than the diameter of the connecting channel 32 , and the working medium outlet 12 is located on one side of the connecting channel 32 when it is arranged on the top of the upper plate body 1 .

[0028] More specifically, the capillary plate 41 is fixed in the connecting channel 32 or on the top of the heat exchange chamber 4; the capillary plate 41 is embedded in the annular step 43 above the heat exchange chamber 4, and the upper end is against the bottom surface of the upper plate body 3; a plurality of heat exchange protrusions 42 distributed in a rectangular array are provided in the heat exchange chamber 4, and the heat exchange protrusions 42 are connected to the lower plate body 2 as a whole.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, a phase change cold plate cooling system includes the above phase change cold plate 10, the working medium inlet 11 of the phase change cold plate 10 is connected to the throttling element 5, the fluorine pump 6 and the liquid storage tank 7 in sequence, the working medium outlet 12 is connected to the vapor-liquid separator 8, the vapor outlet 82 of the vapor-liquid separator 8 is connected to the liquid storage tank 7 through the condenser 9, and the liquid outlet 81 of the vapor-liquid separator 8 is connected to the liquid storage tank 7; the throttling element 5 is an electronic regulating valve.

[0030] More specifically, the liquid outlet 81 is connected to the liquid storage tank 7 via a pressure regulating valve 83 , and the liquid storage tank 7 is connected to a pressure relief valve 71 .

[0031] The working principle of this embodiment is that the fluorine pump 6 provides power to transport the working fluid in the liquid storage tank 7 through the throttling element 5 to the phase change cold plate 10 for phase change heat transfer; The working medium enters the phase change cold plate 10 through the working medium inlet 11, flows through the heat exchange channel 21 and performs preheat exchange, and absorbs heat from the heat source below the lower plate body 2 after reaching the heat exchange chamber 4. After the working medium is vaporized, it enters the retention chamber 31 through the capillary plate 41, continues to perform heat exchange, and is finally discharged through the working medium outlet 12; After the heat exchange is completed, the working medium is discharged to the vapor-liquid separator 8, the liquid working medium returns to the liquid storage tank 7 from the liquid outlet 81 through the pressure regulating valve 83, and the gaseous working medium is discharged to the condenser 9 from the steam outlet 82, and returns to the liquid storage tank 7 after condensation to complete the cycle.

[0032] Embodiment 2 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the steam outlet 12 is arranged at the upper end side of the upper plate body 3 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the steam outlet 12 is arranged on the upper side of the upper plate body 3, which can adapt to different connection modes and ensure that the steam can be discharged smoothly, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0034] Embodiment 3 The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the capillary plate 41 is embedded in the annular step 43 at the lower end of the connecting channel 32 , and the lower end abuts against the top surface of the upper plate body 3 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the capillary plate 41 is embedded in the annular step 43 and abutted against the annular step 43 , thereby improving the connection stability of the capillary plate 41 .

[0036] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0037] Although the terms such as heat exchange plate, phase change cold plate, working medium inlet, working medium outlet, lower plate, heat exchange flow channel, upper plate, retention cavity, connecting channel, steam port, heat exchange cavity, capillary plate, heat exchange protrusion, annular step, throttling element, fluorine pump, liquid storage tank, pressure relief valve, vapor-liquid separator, liquid outlet, steam outlet, pressure regulating valve, condenser, etc. are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention, and interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase change cold plate, characterized in that: The heat exchange plate (1) comprises a lower plate body (2) and an upper plate body (3), wherein the lower plate body (2) and the upper plate body (3) are fixedly connected, and a heat exchange chamber (4) is provided between the lower plate body (2) and the upper plate body (3), and the heat exchange chamber (4) is connected to a working medium inlet (11) at a side of the heat exchange plate (1) through a heat exchange flow channel (21), and a retention chamber (31) is provided in the upper plate body (3), and the retention chamber (31) is connected to the heat exchange chamber (4) through a connecting channel (32), and a capillary plate (41) is provided between the connecting channel (32) and the heat exchange chamber (4), and a steam outlet (33) is provided at the upper part of the retention chamber (31), and the steam outlet (33) is connected to a working medium outlet (12) provided on the heat exchange plate (1) so as to be connected to the outside.

2. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam outlet (12) is arranged on the top of the upper plate body (3); Or it is arranged on the upper end side of the upper plate body (3).

3. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum inner diameter of the retention cavity (31) is greater than the diameter of the connecting channel (32), and the working fluid outlet (12) is located on one side of the connecting channel (31) when it is arranged on the top of the upper plate body (1).

4. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber (4) and the heat exchange flow channel (21) are both arranged on the top of the lower plate body (2), and the working medium inlet (11) is arranged on the side of the lower plate body (2).

5. The phase change cold plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of heat exchange protrusions (42) distributed in a rectangular array are provided in the heat exchange cavity (4), and the heat exchange protrusions (42) are integrally connected to the lower plate body (2).

6. The phase change cold plate according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The capillary plate (41) is fixed in the connecting channel (32) or on the top of the heat exchange chamber (4).

7. The phase change cold plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The capillary plate (41) is embedded in the annular step (43) above the heat exchange chamber (4), and the upper end thereof abuts against the bottom surface of the upper plate body (3); Alternatively, the capillary plate (41) is embedded in the annular step (43) at the lower end of the connecting channel (32), and the lower end abuts against the top surface of the upper plate body (3).

8. A phase change cold plate cooling system, characterized in that: It comprises a phase change cold plate (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the working medium inlet (11) of the phase change cold plate (1) is connected to a throttling element (5), a fluorine pump (6) and a liquid storage tank (7) in sequence, the working medium outlet (12) is connected to a vapor-liquid separator (8), the vapor outlet (82) of the vapor-liquid separator (8) is connected to the liquid storage tank (7) through a condenser (9), and the liquid outlet (81) of the vapor-liquid separator (8) is connected to the liquid storage tank (7).

9. The phase change cold plate cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid outlet (81) is connected to the liquid storage tank (7) via a pressure regulating valve (83); The liquid storage tank (7) is connected to a pressure relief valve (71).

10. The phase change cold plate cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The throttling element (5) comprises any one of a capillary tube, a throttling short tube, an expansion valve or an electronic regulating valve.

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