A comprehensive evaluation method and device for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage

Abstract

The present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method and device for the sealing performance of a gas storage block-type trap. The method comprises: first, performing a stratigraphic interpretation of the cap rock and reservoir rock based on seismic data of the target gas storage trap, and determining the stratigraphic interpretation results. Then, performing a fracture interpretation of the faults based on the seismic data, and determining the fracture interpretation results. Then, determining a well logging curve for distinguishing lithology, and determining the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. Secondly, constructing a stratigraphic framework model based on the spatial structural morphological data of the cap rock and the spatial structural morphological data of the reservoir rock, performing structural prediction of the cap rock and reservoir rock through pseudo-impedance inversion, and determining the inversion prediction results based on the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. Finally, determining lateral sealing evaluation parameters and vertical sealing evaluation parameters based on the fracture interpretation results and the inversion prediction results for use in evaluating the sealing performance of the target gas storage trap. This method can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the sealing performance of a gas storage block-type trap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas storage plugging performance evaluation, and in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method and device for the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storage. Background Art

[0002] Underground gas storage plays an indispensable role in modern energy supply systems, particularly in the natural gas supply chain. It provides an effective means of energy storage and regulation, adapting to seasonal consumption fluctuations, ensuring energy supply security, and optimizing energy resource allocation. Natural gas escape or leakage within a gas storage enclosure poses not only safety risks but also direct economic losses. Therefore, to prevent potential environmental risks and safety incidents and ensure the continuity and reliability of energy supply, the need for real-time monitoring and risk warning of gas storage enclosures is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0003] To evaluate the sealing properties of fault-block traps in gas storage facilities, relevant technologies usually rely on the structural interpretation of fault sections developed by three-dimensional seismic models to form a planar structural map of the fault. Impedance inversion is performed using seismic data and well logging data to form wave impedance inversion volume data. Calibration is performed using known fault reservoirs to clarify the range of wave impedance differences, calculate the planar distribution map of wave impedance differences along the fault, and clarify the sealing characteristics of the fault in space.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned related technologies have structural limitations. That is, the structural interpretation of three-dimensional seismic data is mainly based on fault sections, and there are defects in the understanding of other geological structures. The structure is incomplete, the identification is unclear, and it has limitations, which makes it impossible to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the sealing capacity of the block-type closure of the gas storage reservoir. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is impossible to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the sealing performance of the fault-block trap of the gas storage reservoir.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method and device for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage, which specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of a fault-block type trap in a gas storage reservoir, including: First, based on the seismic data of the target gas storage reservoir trap, horizon interpretation is carried out on the caprock and reservoir in the target gas storage reservoir trap to determine the horizon interpretation result; the horizon interpretation result includes: the first lithology corresponding to the caprock, the second lithology corresponding to the reservoir, the spatial structural form data of the caprock, and the spatial structural form data of the reservoir. Then, fracture interpretation is carried out on the faults in the target gas storage reservoir trap based on the seismic data to determine the fracture interpretation result; the fracture interpretation result is used to characterize the distribution data of the faults and the spatial docking relationship between the caprock and the reservoir. Next, logging curves are determined according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and the conversion relationship between the logging curves and impedance is determined. The logging curves are used to distinguish the first lithology and the second lithology. Secondly, a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage reservoir trap is constructed based on the spatial structural form data of the caprock and the spatial structural form data of the reservoir. Through pseudo-impedance inversion based on the stratigraphic framework model, the structures of the caprock and the reservoir are predicted, and the inversion prediction result is determined according to the conversion relationship between the logging curves and impedance. The inversion prediction result is used to characterize the spatial structure of the predicted caprock and the spatial structure of the predicted reservoir. Finally, according to the fracture interpretation result and the inversion prediction result, lateral sealing evaluation parameters and vertical sealing evaluation parameters are determined. The lateral sealing evaluation parameters and the vertical sealing evaluation parameters are used to evaluate the sealing performance of the target gas storage reservoir trap.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the above fracture interpretation result includes: the vertical throw of the fault. The inversion prediction result includes: the lateral caprock thickness and the lateral reservoir thickness. The expression of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter is: when L1 ≤ H1 and L1 ≥ H2, A1 = 1. When L1 < H1 and L1 < H2, when L1 > H1 and H1 < H2, when L1 ≥ H1 and H1 ≥ H2, when L1 > H1 and H1 + H2 - L1 ≥ H2, A1 = -1. In the formula, A1 represents the lateral sealing evaluation parameter, H1 represents the lateral caprock thickness, H2 represents the lateral reservoir thickness, and L1 represents the vertical throw of the fault. Among them, the range of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter is: 1 to -1, and the sealing performance of the target gas storage reservoir trap is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the inversion prediction results include: caprock formation dip, caprock formation dip, reservoir formation dip, reservoir formation dip, and vertical caprock apparent thickness. The vertical sealing evaluation parameter is the vertical caprock thickness, which is expressed as follows: When the caprock formation dip and reservoir formation dip are the same and θ1>θ2, H4=cos(θ1-θ2)·H3. When the caprock formation dip and reservoir formation dip are the same and θ1=θ2, H4=cos(θ1)·H3. When the caprock formation dip and reservoir formation dip are opposite, H4=H3. Where H4 represents the vertical caprock thickness, θ1 represents the caprock formation dip, θ2 represents the reservoir formation dip, and H3 represents the vertical caprock apparent thickness. The sealing performance of the target gas storage trap is positively correlated with the vertical caprock thickness.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in an optional implementation, after determining a well logging curve based on the first and second lithologies and determining a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, the method further includes: first, determining a pseudo-impedance plate based on the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. Then, based on the pseudo-impedance plate, determining impedance limits corresponding to the strata and lithologies in the target gas storage trap. The impedance limits are used to determine inversion prediction results.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the cap rock and reservoir structures are predicted using pseudo-impedance inversion based on a stratigraphic framework model, and the inversion prediction results are determined based on the conversion relationship between well logging curves and impedance. The method includes: first, performing pseudo-impedance inversion on the cap rock and reservoir structures based on the stratigraphic framework model to determine a pseudo-impedance data volume. Then, based on the pseudo-impedance data volume and the conversion relationship between well logging curves and impedance, the predicted lithology is determined. Finally, based on the predicted lithology, the spatial structure of the predicted cap rock and the spatial structure of the predicted reservoir are determined to obtain the inversion prediction results.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the above-mentioned logging curve is: a gamma curve, or an acoustic wave curve, or a density curve.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer includes: top interface structural parameters and bottom interface structural parameters of the cap layer. The spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir layer includes: top interface structural parameters and bottom interface structural parameters of the reservoir layer.

[0014] The comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This method, within the framework of seismic interpretation results for caprocks, reservoirs, and faults, utilizes pseudo-impedance inversion to invert different horizons separately. Lithologic bodies are then converted through transformation relationships to determine the structure of each horizon, enabling a more accurate determination of the spatial contact relationship between the reservoir and caprock of a gas storage facility. This lithologic characterization method fully leverages seismic interpretation results, taking into account the structural morphology of the caprock and reservoir, as well as the influence of faults on the structure. Pseudo-impedance inversion is more effective in identifying caprocks and reservoirs. The combination of these two approaches, leveraging the control of seismic structural layers and faults, and the lithologic predictions of pseudo-impedance inversion, can better characterize the spatial distribution of the reservoir and caprock of a gas storage facility.

[0016] 2. This method combines the different contact relationships between caprocks and reservoirs to establish vertical and longitudinal sealing evaluation parameters for block-type gas storage traps, providing more comprehensive evaluation results. This method considers five lateral and three vertical contact scenarios between reservoirs and caprocks, establishing lateral and vertical evaluation parameters and boundaries for each scenario, better meeting the needs of block-type gas storage trap sealing evaluation.

[0017] In summary, the comprehensive evaluation method for the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storages provided by the present invention can achieve a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storages.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation device for the sealing properties of fault-block traps in gas storage facilities, comprising: a stratigraphic interpretation module, a fault interpretation module, a conversion module, a pseudo-impedance inversion module, and an evaluation module. The stratigraphic interpretation module is used to perform stratigraphic interpretation of the caprock and reservoir within the target gas storage trap based on seismic data of the target gas storage trap, and determine stratigraphic interpretation results. The stratigraphic interpretation results include: a first lithology corresponding to the caprock, a second lithology corresponding to the reservoir, and spatial structural morphology data of the caprock and reservoir. The fault interpretation module is used to perform fault interpretation of the faults within the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data, and determine fault interpretation results. The fault interpretation results are used to characterize the distribution data of the faults and the spatial connection between the caprock and reservoir. The conversion module is used to determine a well logging curve based on the first and second lithologies, and to determine the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. The well logging curve is used to distinguish the first and second lithologies. The pseudo-impedance inversion module is used to construct a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap based on the spatial structural morphology data of the cap rock and the reservoir. Based on the stratigraphic framework model, pseudo-impedance inversion is used to predict the structures of the cap rock and reservoir. The inversion prediction results are determined based on the conversion relationship between well logging curves and impedance. These inversion prediction results are used to characterize the spatial structure of the predicted cap rock and the predicted reservoir. The evaluation module is used to determine lateral and vertical plugging evaluation parameters based on the fracture interpretation results and the inversion prediction results. These lateral and vertical plugging evaluation parameters are used to evaluate the plugging properties of the target gas storage trap.

[0019] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, one or more processors; the memory is coupled to the processor; wherein computer program code is stored in the memory, and the computer program code includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic device executes the method as described in the first aspect above and any one of its optional methods.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the method as described in the first aspect and any one of its optional methods.

[0021] It is understandable that the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the comprehensive evaluation device for the plugging performance of block-type closures in gas storage reservoirs provided in the second aspect, the electronic device in the third aspect, and the computer-readable storage medium in the fourth aspect can be referenced to the beneficial effects in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of a fault-block trap in a gas storage facility provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the cap rock and reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the vertical structure of the cap rock and reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive evaluation device for the plugging performance of a fault-block trap in a gas storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following embodiments are described in detail, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, identical numbers in different figures represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following embodiments are not intended to represent all possible implementations consistent with the present application. They are merely examples of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the claims.

[0027] Underground gas storage plays an indispensable role in the modern energy supply system, particularly within the natural gas supply chain. It provides an effective means of storing and regulating energy, adapting to seasonal fluctuations in consumption, ensuring energy supply security, and optimizing energy resource allocation. As global energy consumption increases, reliance on underground gas storage is growing, and the importance of its safe and stable operation is also increasing.

[0028] The escape or leakage of natural gas from a gas storage trap not only poses a safety hazard but also results in direct economic losses. Therefore, to prevent potential environmental risks and safety incidents and ensure the continuity and reliability of energy supply, the need for evaluating the sealing properties of gas storage traps for real-time monitoring and risk warning is becoming increasingly urgent. To evaluate the sealing properties of gas storage traps, it is necessary not only to carefully characterize the gas storage structure, fault distribution, and caprock distribution to assess its sealing properties, but also to identify potential gas escape and seepage pathways to provide a basis for the design of gas storage monitoring programs.

[0029] To evaluate the sealing properties of fault-block traps in gas storage facilities, relevant technologies usually rely on the structural interpretation of fault sections developed by three-dimensional seismic models to form a planar structural map of the fault. Impedance inversion is performed using seismic data and well logging data to form wave impedance inversion volume data. Calibration is performed using known fault reservoirs to clarify the range of wave impedance differences, calculate the planar distribution map of wave impedance differences along the fault, and clarify the sealing characteristics of the fault in space.

[0030] However, the above-mentioned related technologies have structural limitations. That is, the structural interpretation of three-dimensional seismic data is mainly based on fault sections, and there are defects in the understanding of other geological structures. The structure is incomplete, the identification is unclear, and it has limitations, which makes it impossible to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the sealing capacity of the block-type closure of the gas storage reservoir.

[0031] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a comprehensive evaluation method and device for the sealing performance of block-type closures in gas storage reservoirs. Under the framework constraints of the results of seismic interpretation of caprock, reservoir and fault, the method uses pseudo-impedance inversion to invert different layers separately, and obtains lithologic bodies through conversion relationship conversion, which can more accurately reflect the spatial contact relationship between the reservoir and caprock of the gas storage reservoir. In addition, combined with the different lateral contact modes and vertical contact modes of the reservoir and caprock, lateral sealing evaluation parameters and vertical sealing evaluation parameters are established respectively to comprehensively evaluate the sealing performance of block-type closures in gas storage reservoirs, thereby achieving a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the sealing performance of block-type closures in gas storage reservoirs.

[0032] The following describes the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] For details, see Figure 1 , which is a flow chart of a comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of a gas storage block trap provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in a gas storage provided by the present invention includes the following steps S101-S105:

[0034] S101. Based on the seismic data of the target gas storage trap, perform stratigraphic interpretation on the cap rock and reservoir rock within the target gas storage trap to determine the stratigraphic interpretation results.

[0035] In the present embodiment, seismic data of the target gas storage trap is first obtained, such as SEGY data. Then, based on the seismic data, a stratigraphic interpretation is performed on the cap rock and reservoir within the target gas storage trap. This preliminarily determines structural data such as the lithology, structural morphology, and thickness distribution of the cap rock and reservoir, thereby obtaining a stratigraphic interpretation result.

[0036] Specifically, the stratigraphic interpretation results include: a first lithology corresponding to the cap layer, a second lithology corresponding to the reservoir layer, spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer, and spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir layer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer includes structural parameters of the top and bottom interfaces of the cap layer. The spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir layer includes structural parameters of the top and bottom interfaces of the reservoir layer. Thus, based on the spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer and the reservoir layer, a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap can be constructed for use in pseudo-impedance inversion.

[0038] S102. Perform fracture interpretation on the faults within the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data and determine the fracture interpretation results.

[0039] Next, the seismic data can be used to perform a detailed interpretation of the faults within the target gas storage trap, known as fault interpretation, to determine the distribution of the faults and the spatial relationship between the caprock and reservoir, ultimately yielding a fault interpretation result. The fault interpretation result can be used to characterize the distribution of faults and the spatial relationship between the caprock and reservoir.

[0040] S103: Determine a well logging curve according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and determine a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance.

[0041] Furthermore, a well logging curve can be determined based on the first and second lithologies. The well logging curve is used to distinguish the first and second lithologies. Specifically, a well logging curve that can accurately and effectively distinguish between caprocks and reservoirs is determined based on the first and second lithologies. Furthermore, a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance is determined. This conversion relationship can be, for example, a conversion formula between the well logging curve and impedance.

[0042] In some embodiments, the well logging curve may be a gamma curve, an acoustic wave curve, or a density curve.

[0043] In some embodiments, after determining a well logging curve according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and determining a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, the method further includes:

[0044] First, the pseudo-impedance value is determined based on the conversion relationship between the logging curve and impedance.

[0045] Then, based on the pseudo-impedance plate, the impedance limits corresponding to the strata and lithologies in the target gas storage trap are determined, and the impedance limits are used to determine the inversion prediction results.

[0046] For example, taking the case where the first lithology is gypsum and the second lithology is sandstone, through comparative analysis of multiple logging curves, the gamma curve (GR) is more sensitive to the identification of the first lithology (gypsum) and the second lithology (sandstone), and can accurately and effectively distinguish gypsum from sandstone. Next, the conversion relationship between the logging curves and impedance corresponding to the cap rock and reservoir layer is determined respectively. Specifically, the conversion formula between the logging curve and impedance corresponding to the cap rock is:

[0047] IMP_GR1=37266GR -0.412 ;

[0048] Where IMP_GR1 represents the GR pseudo-impedance corresponding to the cap layer, and its unit is g / cm 3 ×m / s; GR represents the gamma curve, and the unit is API.

[0049] The conversion formula between the logging curve and impedance corresponding to the reservoir is:

[0050] IMP_GR2=112440GR -0.527 ;

[0051] Where IMP_GR2 represents the GR pseudo-impedance corresponding to the reservoir.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the conversion relationship between the above-mentioned well logging curve and impedance, a pseudo-impedance plate can be determined. Then, the impedance limits corresponding to the strata and lithology in the target gas storage trap are determined based on the pseudo-impedance plate. Among them, the impedance limit of gypsum is: 7500g / cm 3 ×m / s, the impedance limit of sandstone is: 9500g / cm 3 × m / s;

[0053] S104. Construct a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap based on the spatial structural morphology data of the cap rock and the reservoir rock. Perform structural prediction of the cap rock and the reservoir rock through pseudo-impedance inversion based on the stratigraphic framework model. Determine the inversion prediction result based on the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and the impedance.

[0054] Specifically, based on the spatial structural morphological data of the cap rock and the reservoir layer determined in S101, a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap can be constructed using structural data. Then, based on this stratigraphic framework model, pseudo-impedance inversion can be used to predict the structures of the cap rock and reservoir layer. Furthermore, based on the conversion relationship between well logging curves and impedance, the lithology and corresponding strata in the target gas storage trap can be determined in combination with the impedance boundaries corresponding to the strata and lithologies, resulting in an inversion prediction result. The inversion prediction results are used to characterize the predicted spatial structure of the cap rock and the predicted spatial structure of the reservoir layer.

[0055] In some embodiments, S104 may specifically include:

[0056] Firstly, the structures of cap rock and reservoir are predicted by pseudo-impedance inversion according to the stratigraphic framework model, and the pseudo-impedance data volume is determined.

[0057] Then, the predicted lithology is determined based on the pseudo-impedance data volume and the conversion relationship between the logging curve and impedance.

[0058] Finally, determine the spatial structure of the predicted caprock and the spatial structure of the predicted reservoir according to the predicted lithology to obtain the inversion prediction result.

[0059] S105. Determine the lateral sealing evaluation parameter and the vertical sealing evaluation parameter according to the fracture interpretation result and the inversion prediction result.

[0060] Finally, according to the fracture interpretation result determined in S102 and the inversion prediction result determined in S104, the lateral sealing evaluation parameter and the vertical sealing evaluation parameter can be determined to evaluate the sealing property of the target gas storage trap.

[0061] In some embodiments, the fracture interpretation result may include: the vertical throw of the fault. The inversion prediction result may include: the lateral caprock thickness and the lateral reservoir thickness. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the caprock and reservoir provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, H1 represents the lateral caprock thickness, H2 represents the lateral reservoir thickness, and L1 represents the vertical throw of the fault. Then the expression of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter A1 is:

[0062] As Figure 2 shown in (1) below, when L1 ≤ H1 and L1 ≥ H2. That is, in the case of complete sealing, A1 = 1.

[0063] As Figure 2 shown in (2) below, when L1 < H1 and L1 < H2. That is, in the case of partial sealing,

[0064] As Figure 2 shown in (3) below, when L1 > H1 and H1 < H2. That is, in the case of non-sealing,

[0065] As Figure 2 shown in (4) below, when L≥H1 and H1≥H2. That is, in the case of non-sealing,

[0066] As Figure 2 shown in (5) below, when L1 > H1 and H1 + H2 - L1 ≥ H2. That is, in the case of complete non-sealing, A1 = -1.

[0067] Among them, the range of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter is: 1 to -1, and the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter. Specifically, when the lateral sealing evaluation parameter A1 > 0, it indicates sealing. The larger the value of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter A1, the better the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap. When the lateral sealing evaluation parameter A1 ≤ 0, it indicates non-sealing. The smaller the value of the lateral sealing evaluation parameter A1, the worse the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap.

[0068] In some embodiments, the inversion prediction results further include: the dip direction of the caprock formation, the dip angle of the caprock formation, the dip direction of the reservoir formation, the dip angle of the reservoir formation, and the vertical apparent thickness of the caprock. Figure 3 The vertical structure schematic diagram of the caprock and reservoir provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as Figure 3 shown, where H4 represents the vertical caprock thickness, θ1 represents the dip angle of the caprock formation, θ2 represents the dip angle of the reservoir formation, and H3 represents the vertical apparent thickness of the caprock. The vertical sealing evaluation parameter can be the vertical caprock thickness H4, and the expression of the vertical caprock thickness H4 is:

[0069] As Figure 3 shown in (1) below, when the dip direction of the caprock formation and the dip direction of the reservoir formation are the same, and θ1 > θ2, H4 = cos(θ1 - θ2) · H3.

[0070] As Figure 3 shown in (2) below, when the dip direction of the caprock formation and the dip direction of the reservoir formation are the same, and θ1 = θ2, H4 = cos(θ1) · H3.

[0071] As Figure 3 shown in (3) below, when the dip direction of the caprock formation and the dip direction of the reservoir formation are opposite, H4 = H3.

[0072] Among them, the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap is positively correlated with the magnitude of the vertical caprock thickness, that is, the larger the vertical caprock thickness, the better the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap. The smaller the vertical caprock thickness, the worse the sealing property of the target gas storage reservoir trap.

[0073] Exemplarily, for the sealing property requirement of the target gas storage reservoir trap, when H4 > the first thickness threshold (for example, 10 m), it indicates good sealing property; when 0 m < H4 < the first thickness threshold, it indicates poor sealing property; when H4 = 0, it indicates non-sealing. The first thickness threshold can be preset according to actual application requirements.

[0074] Adopting the comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing property of the gas storage reservoir fault block type trap provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0075] 1. This method, within the framework of seismic interpretation results for caprocks, reservoirs, and faults, utilizes pseudo-impedance inversion to invert different horizons separately. Lithologic bodies are then converted through transformation relationships to determine the structure of each horizon, enabling a more accurate determination of the spatial contact relationship between the reservoir and caprock of a gas storage facility. This lithologic characterization method fully leverages seismic interpretation results, taking into account the structural morphology of the caprock and reservoir, as well as the influence of faults on the structure. Pseudo-impedance inversion is more effective in identifying caprocks and reservoirs. The combination of these two approaches, leveraging the control of seismic structural layers and faults, and the lithologic predictions of pseudo-impedance inversion, can better characterize the spatial distribution of the reservoir and caprock of a gas storage facility.

[0076] 2. This method combines the different contact relationships between caprocks and reservoirs to establish vertical and longitudinal sealing evaluation parameters for block-type gas storage traps, providing more comprehensive evaluation results. This method considers five lateral and three vertical contact scenarios between reservoirs and caprocks, establishing lateral and vertical evaluation parameters and boundaries for each scenario, better meeting the needs of block-type gas storage trap sealing evaluation.

[0077] In summary, the comprehensive evaluation method for the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storages provided by the embodiments of the present invention enables a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storages.

[0078] The present application also provides a comprehensive evaluation device for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage facilities. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a comprehensive evaluation device for the sealing performance of a gas storage block trap provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the comprehensive evaluation device 400 for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in a gas storage facility includes: a horizon interpretation module 401 , a fault interpretation module 402 , a conversion module 403 , a pseudo-impedance inversion module 404 and an evaluation module 405 .

[0079] Among them, the stratigraphic interpretation module 401 can be used to perform stratigraphic interpretation on the cap rock and reservoir rock within the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data of the target gas storage trap, and determine the stratigraphic interpretation results; the stratigraphic interpretation results include: the first lithology corresponding to the cap rock, the second lithology corresponding to the reservoir rock, the spatial structural morphology data of the cap rock, and the spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir rock.

[0080] The fault interpretation module 402 can be used to interpret the faults within the target gas storage trap based on seismic data and determine the fault interpretation results; the fault interpretation results are used to characterize the distribution data of the faults and the spatial docking relationship between the cap rock and the reservoir.

[0081] The conversion module 403 may be used to determine a well logging curve according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and determine a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. The well logging curve is used to distinguish the first lithology from the second lithology.

[0082] The pseudo-impedance inversion module 404 can be used to construct a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage reservoir based on the spatial structural morphological data of the cap layer and the spatial structural morphological data of the reservoir layer. The structures of the cap layer and the reservoir layer are predicted through pseudo-impedance inversion based on the stratigraphic framework model, and the inversion prediction results are determined based on the conversion relationship between the logging curve and the impedance. The inversion prediction results are used to characterize the predicted spatial structure of the cap layer and the predicted spatial structure of the reservoir layer.

[0083] The evaluation module 405 can be used to determine lateral plugging evaluation parameters and vertical plugging evaluation parameters based on the fault interpretation results and the inversion prediction results. The lateral plugging evaluation parameters and vertical plugging evaluation parameters are used to evaluate the plugging performance of the target gas storage trap.

[0084] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may include: a display screen, a memory, and one or more processors. The display screen, memory, and processor are coupled. The memory is used to store computer program code, which includes computer instructions. When the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device can perform the various methods or steps performed in the above-mentioned method embodiments. Of course, the electronic device includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned display screen, memory, and one or more processors.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions for executing the comprehensive evaluation method for the plugging performance of fault-block traps in gas storage facilities shown in S101 to S105 above.

[0086] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0087] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0089] Similar parts between the embodiments provided in this application can be referenced to each other. The specific implementation methods provided above are only a few examples under the overall concept of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. For those skilled in the art, any other implementation methods expanded based on the scheme of this application without expending creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage, characterized in that: include: performing stratigraphic interpretation of the cap rock and reservoir rock within the target gas storage trap based on seismic data of the target gas storage trap, and determining stratigraphic interpretation results; The horizon interpretation result includes: a first lithology corresponding to the cap layer, a second lithology corresponding to the reservoir layer, spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer, and spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir layer; performing a fracture interpretation on the faults within the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data to determine a fracture interpretation result; the fracture interpretation result is used to characterize the distribution data of the faults and the spatial docking relationship between the cap rock and the reservoir; determining a well logging curve according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and determining a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, wherein the well logging curve is used to distinguish the first lithology and the second lithology; constructing a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap based on the spatial structural morphology data of the cap rock and the spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir, performing structural prediction of the cap rock and the reservoir through pseudo-impedance inversion based on the stratigraphic framework model, and determining inversion prediction results based on the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, wherein the inversion prediction results are used to characterize the predicted spatial structure of the cap rock and the predicted spatial structure of the reservoir; According to the fracture interpretation result and the inversion prediction result, lateral plugging evaluation parameters and vertical plugging evaluation parameters are determined, and the lateral plugging evaluation parameters and the vertical plugging evaluation parameters are used to evaluate the plugging property of the target gas storage trap.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The fault interpretation results include: vertical fault throw; the inversion prediction results include: lateral cap rock thickness and lateral reservoir thickness; the expression of the lateral plugging evaluation parameter is: When L1≤H1 and L1≥H2, A1=1; In L1 ​ In the case where L1 > H1 and, H1 < H2 When L1≥H1 and H1≥H2, When L1>H1, and H1+H2-L1≥H2, A1=-1; Where A1 represents the lateral plugging evaluation parameter, H1 represents the lateral cap rock thickness, H2 represents the lateral reservoir thickness, and L1 represents the vertical throw of the fault. The range of the lateral plugging evaluation parameter is 1 to -1, and the plugging performance of the target gas storage trap is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lateral plugging evaluation parameter.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The inversion prediction results include: cap rock formation dip, cap rock formation dip, reservoir formation dip, reservoir formation dip and vertical cap rock apparent thickness; the vertical plugging evaluation parameter is the vertical cap rock thickness, and the expression for the vertical cap rock thickness is: When the cap rock formation dip is the same as the reservoir formation dip, and θ1>θ2, H4=cos(θ1-θ2)·H3; When the cap rock formation dip is the same as the reservoir formation dip, and θ1=θ2, H4=cos(θ1)·H3; When the cap rock and the reservoir rock have opposite inclinations, H4 = H3; Where H4 represents the vertical cap rock thickness, θ1 represents the cap rock formation dip, θ2 represents the reservoir formation dip, and H3 represents the vertical cap rock apparent thickness; The sealing performance of the target gas storage trap is positively correlated with the thickness of the vertical caprock.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein After determining a well logging curve according to the first lithology and the second lithology, and determining a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, the method further includes: Determining the pseudo-impedance value according to the conversion relationship between the logging curve and the impedance; According to the pseudo-impedance plate, impedance limits corresponding to the strata and lithologies in the target gas storage trap are determined, and the impedance limits are used to determine the inversion prediction results.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method of performing structural prediction on the cap rock and the reservoir rock by pseudo-impedance inversion according to the stratigraphic framework model, and determining the inversion prediction result according to the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, comprises: Performing structural prediction on the cap rock and the reservoir rock through pseudo-impedance inversion according to the stratigraphic framework model to determine a pseudo-impedance data volume; Determining predicted lithology based on the pseudo-impedance data volume and the conversion relationship between the logging curve and impedance; The spatial structure of the predicted cap rock and the spatial structure of the predicted reservoir are determined according to the predicted lithology to obtain the inversion prediction result.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The logging curve is a gamma curve, an acoustic wave curve, or a density curve.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The spatial structural morphological data of the cover layer include: top interface structural parameters and bottom interface structural parameters of the cover layer; The spatial structural morphological data of the reservoir include top interface structural parameters and bottom interface structural parameters of the reservoir.

8. A comprehensive evaluation device for the sealing performance of fault-block traps in gas storage, characterized in that: include: Horizon interpretation module, fracture interpretation module, conversion module, pseudo-impedance inversion module and evaluation module; The horizon interpretation module is used to perform horizon interpretation on the cap rock and reservoir rock in the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data of the target gas storage trap, and determine the horizon interpretation result; The horizon interpretation result includes: a first lithology corresponding to the cap layer, a second lithology corresponding to the reservoir layer, spatial structural morphology data of the cap layer, and spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir layer; The fault interpretation module is used to perform fault interpretation on the faults within the target gas storage trap based on the seismic data to determine a fault interpretation result; the fault interpretation result is used to characterize the distribution data of the faults and the spatial docking relationship between the cap rock and the reservoir; The conversion module is configured to determine a well logging curve based on the first lithology and the second lithology, and to determine a conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance, wherein the well logging curve is used to distinguish the first lithology and the second lithology; The pseudo-impedance inversion module is used to construct a stratigraphic framework model of the target gas storage trap based on the spatial structural morphology data of the cap rock and the spatial structural morphology data of the reservoir, perform structural prediction of the cap rock and the reservoir through pseudo-impedance inversion based on the stratigraphic framework model, and determine inversion prediction results based on the conversion relationship between the well logging curve and impedance. The inversion prediction results are used to characterize the predicted spatial structure of the cap rock and the predicted spatial structure of the reservoir; The evaluation module is used to determine lateral plugging evaluation parameters and vertical plugging evaluation parameters based on the fault interpretation result and the inversion prediction result. The lateral plugging evaluation parameters and the vertical plugging evaluation parameters are used to evaluate the plugging performance of the target gas storage trap.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, one or more processors; the memory is coupled to the processor; wherein the memory stores computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions, which, when executed on an electronic device, enable the electronic device to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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