Automobile central control screen main interface layout optimization method based on driver hand accessibility and visual interaction

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile central control screen main interface layout optimization method based on driver hand accessibility and visual interaction, belongs to the technical field of automobile man-machine engineering, and particularly relates to the automobile central control screen main interface layout optimization method. The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that the accuracy of the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen is low due to the fact that hand and eye indexes of a driver are not considered in the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an automobile cockpit space three-dimensional coordinate system; acquiring driver hand performance indicators when the driver executes the touch tasks in the different central control screen main interface layouts; meanwhile, human eye movement indexes of a driver are collected; calculating a hand touchability evaluation score of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen; calculating a visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen; calculating a comprehensive evaluation score of each automobile central control screen main interface layout; and selecting the central control screen main interface layout corresponding to the highest value of the comprehensive evaluation score as the optimal main interface layout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automobile ergonomics, and specifically relates to a method for optimizing the layout of a main interface of a central control screen of an automobile based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of automobile intelligence and informatization, the automobile central control screen, as an important interface for human-vehicle interaction, has gradually become a core platform for the integration of multiple functions such as vehicle information display, entertainment control, and navigation operation. The rationality of its layout directly affects the difficulty of the driver's visual search and the ease of hand reach during touch interaction, thereby affecting the completion time of the entire interaction process, and ultimately affecting the driver's user experience and driving safety when performing interaction under dynamic driving conditions.

[0003] At present, the evaluation methods of the main interface layout of the central control screen of the car by scholars at home and abroad are mainly divided into three categories: (1) Evaluation of the main interface layout of the central control screen of the car based on the physiological indicators of the driver, such as cognitive load and EEG waveform change rate. (2) Evaluation of the main interface layout of the central control screen of the car based on the driver's eye movement indicators, such as scanning time and fixation time. (3) Determination of the optimal main interface layout of the central control screen of the car based on subjective evaluation methods such as expert scoring and questionnaire surveys.

[0004] In summary, existing research on the evaluation of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen is mainly guided by experimental data to compare the advantages and disadvantages of different automobile central control screen main interface layouts, ignoring the impact of the driver's hand reachability and the synergy of visual interaction on the overall touch interaction process, and cannot provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of the main interface layout of the central control screen, resulting in an incomplete and inaccurate evaluation of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing method of laying out the main interface of the automobile central control screen does not take into account the driver's hand and eye indicators, resulting in low accuracy of the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen, and to propose a method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction.

[0006] A method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the car central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction. The specific process is as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space;

[0008] Collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks on different central control screen main interface layouts; and also collect the driver's eye movement indicators;

[0009] Step 2: Fit the quantitative formula of Fitts's law according to the driver's hand performance index, and calculate the hand accessibility evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen;

[0010] Step 3: Fit the quantitative formula of Hick's law according to the driver's eye movement index, and calculate the visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen;

[0011] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout of each car's central control screen;

[0012] The central control screen main interface layout corresponding to the highest comprehensive evaluation score of all automobile central control screen main interface layouts is selected as the optimal main interface layout.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention obtains the driver's hand performance index and eye movement index through a driving simulation test, and then performs hand evaluation on the main interface layout through linear fitting of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law; performs visual evaluation on the main interface layout through linear fitting of the quantitative formula of Hick's law, and calculates the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout by combining the hand evaluation and the visual evaluation, so as to evaluate the optimal main interface layout in different main interface layouts of the central control screen of the car. The present invention can perform comprehensive quantitative evaluation on the main interface layout of the central control screen of the car under the interface layout evaluation application icons of different screen sizes, different numbers and arrangements. It is not only suitable for evaluation comparison between different main interface layouts, but also suitable for providing reasonable suggestions on the layout of the central control screen to automobile manufacturers, improving the accuracy of the main interface layout of the central control screen of the car, thereby improving the driver's user experience and driving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the main interface of the central control screen;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the hand-accessible interaction area of ​​the central control screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction. The specific process is as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space;

[0020] Collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks on different central control screen main interface layouts; and also collect the driver's eye movement indicators;

[0021] Step 2: Fit the quantitative formula of Fitts's law according to the driver's hand performance index, and calculate the hand accessibility evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen;

[0022] Step 3: Fit the quantitative formula of Hick's law according to the driver's eye movement index, and calculate the visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen;

[0023] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout of each car's central control screen;

[0024] The central control screen main interface layout corresponding to the highest comprehensive evaluation score of all automobile central control screen main interface layouts is selected as the optimal main interface layout.

[0025] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is different from the specific implementation method 1 in that a three-dimensional coordinate system of the vehicle cockpit space is established in step 1;

[0026] Collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks on different central control screen main interface layouts; and also collect the driver's eye movement indicators;

[0027] The specific process is:

[0028] Step 1: Establish the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space; the specific process is:

[0029] The cockpit space coordinate system is established with the center point of the steering wheel as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit space, the front and rear horizontal plane direction from the front to the rear of the vehicle as the x-axis direction of the coordinate system, the left and right horizontal planes as the y-axis direction of the coordinate system, and the vertical xy plane as the z-axis direction of the coordinate system;

[0030] Carry out driving simulation tests based on SCANeR driving simulation software and full vehicle driving simulator;

[0031] Based on the human body size percentiles and vehicle ergonomics layout specifications as design guidelines, and in accordance with the requirements of the SAE standard for occupant layout tools and vehicle seat layout tools, the position of the driver's right shoulder point against the seat back, the position of the center of the eyes, and the position of the central control screen in the cockpit are standardized (after the driver adjusts the seat position, fastens the seat belt, and looks straight ahead, the corresponding position of the right shoulder point against the seat back and the position of the center of the eyes);

[0032] Step 1 and 2: According to the SAE-J1517, SAE-J826, and SAE-J4002 standards, combined with the horizontal plane working space range proposed by Barnes and the fifth quantile of the static human body size of Chinese adult males published in GB / T 10000-2023, determine the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x1, y1, z1) between the driver's right shoulder point and the center point of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space;

[0033] According to the 50th percentile of the static human body size of Chinese adult males, the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x2, y2, z2) between the center of the driver's eyes and the center of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space is determined;

[0034] Determine the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x3, y3, z3) between the center point of the central control screen and the center point of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit space of the automobile by combining the accessibility principle and the visibility principle of the display device;

[0035] The interaction time is when the driver completes the touch screen click of the specified layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen according to the voice command randomly played by the external audio. The test main interface layout includes Figure 2 The main interface layout shown;

[0036] Step 13: Select N main interface layouts of the central control screen of the car, collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks in different main interface layouts of the central control screen; and collect the driver's eye movement indicators at the same time;

[0037] The driver's hand performance indicators include the hand interaction completion time and finger displacement when the driver touches the central control screen;

[0038] Driver eye movement indicators include the driver's glance time at the visually interactive central control screen.

[0039] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0040] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods one or two in that in step two, the quantitative formula of Fitts' law is fitted according to the driver's hand performance index, and the hand accessibility measurement score of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen is calculated; the specific process is:

[0041] Steps 21 to 25 are processed based on the collected data of the time it takes for the driver to complete touch screen interaction in different hand-reachable interaction areas, the amount of finger displacement, and the application icon hot zone area:

[0042] Step 21: Determine the comfort angle range of each part of the driver; the specific process is:

[0043] The comfort angle range of the angle α1 between the driver's shoulder and the plumb line is 20°≤α1≤30°;

[0044] The comfortable angle range of the angle α2 between the driver's upper arm and the plumb line is 10°≤α2≤45°;

[0045] The comfortable angle range of the angle α3 between the driver's forearm and the upper arm is 80°≤α3≤120°;

[0046] The comfortable angle range of the angle α4 between the driver's hand and the forearm is 170°≤α4≤190°;

[0047] Step 22: based on the comfort angle range of each part of the driver, obtain the minimum value R1 of the arm comfort activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm comfort activity radius, and the arm touchable activity radius R3;

[0048] Based on the minimum value R1 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and the arm's touchable activity radius R3, the best hand-reachable interactive area, the hand-reachable touchable area, and the worst hand-reachable interactive area are obtained;

[0049] The specific process is:

[0050] Step 221. First, the fifth quantile of the static human body size of Chinese adult males is selected as a reference. When the driver maintains a driving posture, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the horizontal plane length projection values ​​of various parts of the driver in their corresponding comfort angle ranges are superimposed as the minimum and maximum values ​​of the arm comfort activity radius respectively; the length of the driver's arm when it is fully extended is taken as the arm touchable activity radius;

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, R1 is the minimum value of the arm's comfortable activity radius, R2 is the maximum value of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and R3 is the arm's touchable activity radius;

[0053] l1 is the length of the upper arm of the fifth quantile of static human body size of Chinese adult males;

[0054] l2 is the length of the forearm of the fifth quantile of static human body size of Chinese adult males;

[0055] l3 is the length of the hand of the fifth quantile of static body size of Chinese adult males;

[0056] In R1, 10° in l1×sin10° belongs to α2, 180° in (l2-l3×cos180°) belongs to α4, 80° in sin(80°-10°) belongs to α3, and 10° in sin(80°-10°) belongs to α2;

[0057] In R2, 45° in l1×sin45° belongs to α2, 170° in (l2-l3×cos170°) belongs to α4, 120° in sin(120°-45°) belongs to α3, and 45° in sin(120°-45°) belongs to α2;

[0058] Upper arm: The part from the shoulder to the elbow, which is mainly responsible for connecting the shoulder and forearm. Forearm: The part from the elbow to the wrist. Hand: The end of the forearm, including the palm and fingers. In simple terms, the upper arm is the upper part of the arm, the forearm is the lower part, and the hand is the end of the forearm.

[0059] Step 222: Based on the minimum value R1 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and the arm's touchable activity radius R3, the best interaction area, touchable area, and worst interaction area of ​​the hand's touchability are obtained;

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, from left to right, three interaction areas are obtained, namely, the best interaction area, the touchable area, and the worst interaction area for hand reachability; R3>R2;

[0061] The specific process is:

[0062] Optimal interaction area: The position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back is the center of the sphere, and the spherical arc of the minimum arm comfort activity radius R1 on the central control screen and the spherical arc of the arm comfort activity radius R2 on the central control screen are used as the left and right boundary lines respectively; the top and bottom of the central control screen are used as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the optimal interaction area;

[0063] Touchable area: The position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back is the center of the sphere, and the spherical arc of the maximum arm comfort activity radius R2 on the central control screen and the spherical arc of the arm touchable activity radius R3 on the central control screen are used as the left and right boundary lines respectively; the top and bottom of the central control screen are used as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the touchable area;

[0064] Worst interaction area: With the position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back as the center of the sphere, the spherical arc of the arm's touchable activity radius R3 on the central control screen as the left boundary line, and the right frame of the central control screen as the right boundary line; the top and bottom of the central control screen as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the worst interaction area.

[0065] Step 2.3: Select the layout of the central control screen main interface to participate in the evaluation. The number of evaluation application icons and their location on the interface are considered, and the frequency and importance of car computer applications in dynamic driving are considered. The upper limit of the number of car computer applications that drivers perform interactive operations under daily driving conditions is n. max Therefore, the front n icons whose center points are closest to the driver's right shoulder point are selected. max Positions (must be located within the optimal interactive area and touchable area) for evaluation;

[0066] The center point of the application icon in the layout of the main interface of the central control screen is the closest to the driver's right shoulder point. max The positions are located within the optimal interactive and touchable areas;

[0067] Step 24: Use the Fitts's law quantitative formula to perform linear fitting on the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the specified layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, to obtain the linear fitting result of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interaction area and the touchable area;

[0068] Step 25: verify and analyze the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interactive area and touchable area obtained in step 24;

[0069] Step 26: Calculate the score of the single layout evaluation application icon located in the optimal interactive area and touchable area. α ,sco β ;

[0070] Step 27: Evaluate the application icon score based on a single layout α ,sco β , calculate the total score of the hand evaluation of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen sco toth-1 .

[0071] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0072] Specific implementation method 4: This implementation method is different from one of specific implementation methods 1 to 3 in that the Fitts's law quantitative formula is used in step 24 to perform linear fitting on the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the application icon area, to obtain the linear fitting result of the Fitts's law quantitative formula for the optimal interaction area and the touchable area; the specific process is:

[0073] Considering that the worst interaction area of ​​the central control screen is located in an area that cannot be reached even when the driver's arms are fully extended when maintaining a driving posture, the driver's touch interaction with the application icons in the worst interaction area under dynamic driving conditions will greatly affect driving safety. Therefore, the application icons located in the worst interaction area are not included in the hand reachability evaluation score, and the linear fitting of the Fitts's law quantitative formula for the worst interaction area is also not considered;

[0074] Step 241: According to the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Fitts's law to obtain the time T when the driver's finger moves from the steering wheel grip to the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen of the car when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area. h1 ;

[0075] The quantitative formula of Fitts's law is:

[0076]

[0077] Where D1 is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen when performing interaction in the optimal interaction area;

[0078] S1 is the hot area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon on the central control display of the car when the driver touches the screen in the optimal interaction area;

[0079] a1 is the preparation time before the driver in the optimal interaction zone performs touch screen interaction;

[0080] b1 is the influence of the finger moving distance and the application icon hot zone area on the hand interaction time when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area;

[0081] The linear fitting results of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law in the optimal interaction area are as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Step 242: According to the displacement of the driver's finger when performing interaction in the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Fitts's law to obtain the time T when the driver's finger moves from the steering wheel grip to the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen of the car when performing interaction in the touchable area. h2 ;

[0084] The quantitative formula of Fitts's law is:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula,

[0087] D2 is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen when performing interaction in the touchable area;

[0088] S2 is the hot area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon clicked by the driver in the touchable area of ​​the car's central control display;

[0089] a2 is the preparation time before the driver can interact with the touch screen in the touchable area;

[0090] b2 is the influence of the finger moving distance and the application icon hot zone area on the hand interaction time when the driver performs interaction in the touchable area;

[0091] The linear fitting results of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law in the touchable area are as follows:

[0092]

[0093] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0094] Specific implementation method 5: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 4 in that in step 25, the linear fitting result of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law for the optimal interactive area and touchable area obtained in step 24 is verified and analyzed; the specific process is:

[0095] 1) Perform R on the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interaction area obtained in steps 2 and 3. 2 test;

[0096] Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When it is greater than 0.8, it indicates that the model has a high goodness of fit, that is, R 2 If the test is passed, the fitting parameters a1 and b1 are directly used as the final parameters;

[0097] When R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, it indicates that the model fit is relatively low, that is, R 2 If the test fails, a nonlinear transformation of the independent variable b1 is required until it passes R 2 Test, the corresponding transformed fitting parameters a1 and b1 are used as the final parameters;

[0098] The nonlinear transformation is a logarithmic transformation, a square root transformation or a reciprocal transformation, etc.;

[0099] 2) Perform R on the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the touchable area obtained in steps 2 and 3. 2 test;

[0100] Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When it is greater than 0.8, it indicates that the model has a high goodness of fit, that is, R 2 The test passed; when R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, it indicates that the model fit is relatively low, that is, R 2 The inspection failed;

[0101] If R 2If the test is passed, the fitting parameters a2 and b2 are directly used as the final parameters and step 26 is executed;

[0102] If R 2 If the test fails, a nonlinear transformation of the independent variable b2 is required until it passes R 2 Test, the corresponding transformed fitting parameters a2 and b2 are taken as the final parameters, and step 26 is executed;

[0103] The nonlinear transformation includes logarithmic transformation, square root transformation or inverse transformation, etc.

[0104] R 2 The specific process of the inspection is:

[0105]

[0106] Wherein, SST is the total sum of squares of the observed data, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the observed value (the hand interaction time used by the driver for touch interaction under dynamic driving conditions obtained by conducting experiments) and the average value of the observed value; SSR is the regression sum of squares of the fitting model, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the predicted value (the hand interaction time calculated by substituting the hand touch interaction area position of the icon into the Fitts's law quantification formula corresponding to the optimal interaction area or the touchable area) and the average value of the observed value; SSE is the residual sum of squares, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the observed value and the model predicted value;

[0107] R 2 It is an indicator used to measure the degree of explanation of the observed data by the linear fitting model. 2 The value range is between 0 and 1. The closer it is to 1, the better the model explains the data, that is, the better the fitting effect.

[0108] The linear fitting verification results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula for the optimal hand interaction area and touchable area are shown in Table 1:

[0109] Table 1 Linear fitting verification results of Fitts's law quantitative formula for the optimal hand interaction area and touchable area

[0110]

[0111] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0112] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from the specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that the evaluation score of a single layout evaluation application icon located in the optimal interactive area and the touchable area is calculated in step 26. α ,sco β ; The specific process is:

[0113] Step 261: Divide the layout evaluation score of the main interface of the car central control screen into a range of 0-100, and obtain the hand evaluation score range of each single layout evaluation application icon located in the best interaction area according to the weight ratio of the maximum number of application icons participating in the layout evaluation and the hand reachability interaction area evaluation score:

[0114]

[0115] The hand test score range for each single layout test app icon located in the touchable area is:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, sco α ,sco β These are the hand evaluation scores of a single layout evaluation app icon located in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area respectively;

[0118] w1 and w2 are the weights of the optimal interactive area and the touchable area respectively;

[0119] n max The maximum number of application icons that participate in the layout evaluation;

[0120] Step 262: The weight values ​​of the optimal interactive area and the touchable area for hand reachability are as follows:

[0121]

[0122] have to

[0123]

[0124] For hand evaluation, the hand evaluation quantitative score of the same application icon at any position in the optimal interaction area must be higher than that at any position in the touchable area. For example, the hand evaluation score range of the optimal interaction area is [60,100], and the hand evaluation score range of the touchable area is [0,60]. So how to determine the critical score point of the two interaction areas (60 points in the above text)? Here, a method is proposed to determine the degree of influence on the hand interaction time based on the b value of the linear fitting of the two areas.

[0125] According to the linear quantification formula of Fitts's law, the hot area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon and the finger displacement of the driver to complete the touch screen interaction in the layout evaluation application icon evaluation score range of a single interaction area are normalized and mapped;

[0126] Step 263: Based on the hand evaluation score range of the single layout evaluation application icon in the best interaction area, the hand evaluation score range of the single layout evaluation application icon in the touchable area, the hand accessibility best interaction area weight w1 and the touchable area weight w2, calculate the evaluation score sco of the single layout evaluation application icon located in the best interaction area and the touchable area α ,sco β ; The expression is:

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, S min The minimum finger touch hot zone area (12mm×12mm) released by Baidu Internet of Vehicles;

[0129] S max The area threshold (700mm) mentioned in the "Automotive Human-Computer Interaction Evaluation Method" that the driver's touch completion time decreases significantly with the increase of the hot area area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon 2 );

[0130] S is the hotspot area of ​​the layout of the evaluation application icon on the central control screen interface;

[0131] D is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the center point of the specified layout evaluation element of the car's central control screen when performing interaction;

[0132] D0 is the displacement of the finger from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere with the minimum spherical radius R1 corresponding to the driver's arm comfort activity arc and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element;

[0133] D1 is the displacement of the finger from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere with the maximum spherical radius R2 corresponding to the driver's arm comfort activity arc and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element;

[0134] D2 is the displacement of the finger moving from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere corresponding to the driver's arm touchable radius R3 and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element;

[0135] For example, if the icons on the main interface of the central control screen are arranged in 2 rows and 4 columns, then for the first row of icons, the intersection point of the horizontal line where their center points are located and the intersection line of the sphere with a spherical radius of R1 on the central control screen is D0; the intersection point with the intersection line of the sphere with a spherical radius of R2 on the central control screen is D1; ​​and the intersection point with the intersection line of the sphere with a spherical radius of R3 on the central control screen is D2.

[0136] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Implementation Methods 1 to 5.

[0137] Specific implementation method 7: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 6 in that the step 27, based on a single layout evaluation application icon evaluation score sco α ,sco β , calculate the total score of the hand evaluation of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen sco toth-1 ; The specific process is:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula, sco toth-1 is the total score of the hand evaluation of the layout of the main interface of the car's central control screen, n1 is the number of layout evaluation elements of the central control screen interface located in the optimal interaction area, and n2 is the number of layout evaluation elements of the central control screen interface located in the touchable area;

[0140] sco α is the hand measurement score of the αth layout evaluation element of the central control screen interface located in the optimal interaction area, sco β It is the hand assessment score of the βth layout assessment element of the central control screen interface located in the touchable area.

[0141] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 6.

[0142] Specific implementation eight: This implementation differs from one of specific implementations one to seven in that in step three, the quantitative formula of Hick's law is fitted according to the driver's eye movement index, and the visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the automobile central control screen is calculated; the specific process is:

[0143] Steps 31 to 34 are processed based on the collected scanning time, fixation time, and scanning angle of the application icon relative to the center of the driver's eyes when the driver completes visual interaction on the car's central control screen:

[0144] Step 31: Derivation of the scanning angle of the layout evaluation application icon position relative to the center of the driver's eyes; the specific process is as follows:

[0145] Taking the 50th percentile human body size of Chinese adult males as a reference, the three-dimensional coordinate distance between the center of the driver's eyes V and the center of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space is set to (x2, y2, z2), and the coordinates of the center point K of a certain specified layout evaluation application icon on the car central control screen in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit are set to (x2+x0, y2+y0, z2+z0), and the vertical scanning angle θ of the center point K of a certain specified layout evaluation application icon on the car central control screen relative to point V is obtained. h and the horizontal scanning angle θ v :

[0146]

[0147] Among them, x0, y0, z0 are the three-dimensional coordinate distances of the center point K of a specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen relative to the center point V (x2, y2, z2) of the driver's eyes.

[0148] Because the previous steps 1 and 2 have set the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x2, y2, z2) between the center of the driver's eyes and the center of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space;

[0149] In the cockpit 3D coordinate system, x0, y0, z0 are the 3D coordinate distances between the center point K of a certain layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen and the center point V (x2, y2, z2) of the driver's eyes, that is, the coordinates of point K in the cockpit 3D coordinate system are K (x2+x0, y2+y0, z2+z0). Because the vertical scanning angle θ of point K relative to point V is calculated later h and the horizontal scanning angle θ v The main consideration is the coordinate relationship between point K and point V, which has nothing to do with the coordinate system (for example, the vertical scanning angle θ of point K relative to point V h =30°, then in any three-dimensional coordinate system, the vertical scanning angle θ of point K relative to point V is h All are 30°).

[0150] Therefore, the coordinates of point K are not set directly in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit. Instead, the coordinates of point V in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit are used as intermediate values, and then the coordinates of point K relative to point V are set to set the coordinates of point K in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit.

[0151] Then the total scanning angle θ is obtained:

[0152]

[0153] Step 32: when the driver searches for the layout evaluation application icons at different positions on the central control screen, the scanning time, the fixation time, and the scanning angle of the icon position relative to the center of the driver's eyes, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Hick's law to obtain the visual search time;

[0154] The quantitative formula of Hick's law is:

[0155]

[0156] Where, T e for visual search time;

[0157] a * is the mean value of human visual reaction time (0.273s);

[0158] θ is the scanning angle;

[0159] k is the linear influence factor of the scanning angle on the visual search time;

[0160] c is the processing time for recognizing the options (an empirically derived constant, 0.155 s for humans);

[0161] n is the number of application icons on the interface;

[0162] The linear fitting results of Hick's law quantitative formula are as follows:

[0163]

[0164] Step 33: Verify and analyze the linear fitting results obtained in step 32; the specific process is as follows:

[0165] Perform R on the linear fitting result obtained in step 3.2 2 test;

[0166] Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When it is greater than 0.8, it indicates that the model has a high goodness of fit, that is, R 2 The test passed; when R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, it indicates that the model fit is relatively low, that is, R 2 The inspection failed;

[0167] If R 2 If the test is passed, the linear influence factor k of the scanning angle on the visual search time is directly used as the final parameter, and steps three and four are executed;

[0168] If R 2 If the test fails, it is necessary to perform a nonlinear transformation on the linear influence factor k of the scanning angle on the visual search time until it passes R 2 Test, the linear influence factor k of the corresponding transformed scanning angle on the visual search time is taken as the final parameter, and execute steps three and four;

[0169] The nonlinear transformation is a logarithmic transformation, a square root transformation or a reciprocal transformation, etc.;

[0170] R 2 The specific process of the inspection is:

[0171]

[0172] Where, SST is the total sum of squares of the observed data, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the observed value (the visual search time used by the driver for touch interaction under dynamic driving conditions obtained by conducting experiments) and the average value of the observed value; SSR is the regression sum of squares of the fitted model, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the predicted value (the visual search time calculated by substituting into the quantitative formula of Hick's law) and the average value of the observed value; SSE is the residual sum of squares, that is, the sum of squares of the difference between the observed value and the model predicted value;

[0173] R 2 It is an indicator used to measure the degree of explanation of the observed data by the linear fitting model. 2 The value range is between 0 and 1. The closer it is to 1, the better the model explains the data, that is, the better the fitting effect.

[0174] The linear fitting verification results of the quantitative formula of Hick's law are shown in Table 2:

[0175] Table 2 Linear fitting verification results of Hick's law quantitative formula

[0176]

[0177] Step 3 and 4: Calculate the visual evaluation score scoδ corresponding to a single layout evaluation icon (1 icon) in the main interface of the car's central control screen; the specific process is:

[0178] Combined with visual search time T e By taking into account the two influencing factors of the expression - the maximum value of the scanning angle and the number of interface application icons, we can get the maximum and minimum values ​​of the sight search time in the visual evaluation expression T emin , T emax :

[0179]

[0180] In the formula, a * is the mean value of human visual reaction time (0.273s);

[0181] θ max ,θ min are the maximum and minimum scanning angles of the center point of the layout evaluation application icon relative to the center of both eyes, num max 、num min are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the number of icons applied in the interface, respectively, and c is the processing time for recognizing the options (an empirically derived constant, which is 0.155 s for humans);

[0182] num max 、num minare the maximum and minimum values ​​of the number of application icons on the main interface of the central control screen of mainstream models obtained based on market research. For example, among mainstream models, Ideal Auto has the largest number of application icons on the main interface of the central control screen, with 20; Audi has the least number of application icons on the main interface of the central control screen, with only 4. Then num max =20,num min =4;

[0183] According to the maximum and minimum search time T emin , T emax The line of sight search time T e Normalize it to get the quantitative formula of visual interaction evaluation:

[0184]

[0185] In the formula, sco δ is the visual evaluation score corresponding to a single layout evaluation icon, n max The maximum number of application icons participating in the layout evaluation (n max The number of applications that drivers frequently use under dynamic driving conditions obtained from market research. For example, there are five applications that drivers frequently use under dynamic driving conditions, namely navigation, music, radio, phone, and weather);

[0186] Step 35: Obtain the total score of the visual interaction evaluation of the main interface layout of the car central control screen by adding the visual evaluation score scoδ corresponding to each layout evaluation icon tot-2 :

[0187]

[0188] Where n3 is the number of main interface layouts of the car central control screen evaluated in the visual interaction test.

[0189] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 7.

[0190] Specific implementation method 9: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 8 in that the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout of each automobile central control screen is calculated in step 4; the specific process is as follows:

[0191] Get the comprehensive evaluation score eva corresponding to the main interface of each car's central control screen:

[0192] eva=sco toth-1 × h +sco toth-2 × e

[0193] In the formula, eva, sco toth-1 ,scototh-2 They are the total evaluation score, hand evaluation score and visual evaluation score corresponding to the main interface of the car's central control screen;

[0194] w h With w e They are the weights of the hand assessment score and the visual assessment score in the total assessment score.

[0195] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 8.

[0196] Specific implementation method 10: This implementation method is different from any one of the specific implementation methods 1 to 9 in that the weight w h With w e The determination process is:

[0197] 1) Based on the number of times n4 that different drivers perform different touch tasks on different car central control screen interfaces, a driver hand performance index dataset X1 is obtained;

[0198] Based on the number of times n4 that different drivers perform different touch tasks on different car central control screen interfaces, a driver eye movement index dataset X2 is obtained;

[0199]

[0200] In the formula, x 11 is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the first touch task on a central control screen interface, x 21 It is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the second touch task on a central control screen interface. The value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the n4th touch task on a central control screen interface;

[0201] x 12 is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the first touch task on a central control screen interface, x 22 It is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the second touch task on a central control screen interface. The value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the n4th touch task on a central control screen interface;

[0202] 2) Yes Normalize and get the normalized data set

[0203] right Normalize and get the normalized data set

[0204] in

[0205]

[0206] In the formula, x i1 is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface, x i2 is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface;

[0207] y i1 is the normalized value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface, y i2 is the normalized value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface;

[0208] 3) Based on the normalized data set and Calculate the information entropy E1 of the hand performance index and the information entropy E2 of the eye movement index:

[0209]

[0210] in

[0211]

[0212] In the formula, p i1 is the proportion of the hand performance index value of the i-th touch task to the hand performance index, p i2 is the proportion of the eye movement index value of the i-th touch task to the eye movement index;

[0213] 4) Based on the information entropy E1 of the hand performance index and the information entropy E2 of the eye movement index, calculate the weight w of the hand evaluation score in the total evaluation score h The weight of the visual evaluation score in the total evaluation score w e :

[0214]

[0215] The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 9.

[0216] The present invention may also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of a central control screen of a car based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction, characterized in that: The specific process of the method is: Step 1: Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space; Collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks on different central control screen main interface layouts; and also collect the driver's eye movement indicators; Step 2: Fit the quantitative formula of Fitts's law according to the driver's hand performance index, and calculate the hand accessibility evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen; Step 3: Fit the quantitative formula of Hick's law according to the driver's eye movement index, and calculate the visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen; Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout of each car's central control screen; The central control screen main interface layout corresponding to the highest comprehensive evaluation score of all automobile central control screen main interface layouts is selected as the optimal main interface layout.

2. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of a car based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, a three-dimensional coordinate system of the vehicle cockpit space is established; Collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks on different central control screen main interface layouts; and also collect the driver's eye movement indicators; The specific process is: Step 1: Establish the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space; the specific process is: The cockpit space coordinate system is established with the center point of the steering wheel as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit space, the front and rear horizontal plane direction from the front to the rear of the vehicle as the x-axis direction of the coordinate system, the left and right horizontal planes as the y-axis direction of the coordinate system, and the vertical xy plane as the z-axis direction of the coordinate system; Step 1 and 2: determine the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x1, y1, z1) between the driver's right shoulder point and the center point of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space; Determine the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x2, y2, z2) between the center of the driver's eyes and the center of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space; Determine the three-dimensional coordinate distance (x3, y3, z3) between the center point of the central control screen and the center point of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the vehicle cockpit space; Step 13: Select N main interface layouts of the central control screen of the car, collect the driver's hand performance indicators when the driver performs touch tasks in different main interface layouts of the central control screen; and collect the driver's eye movement indicators at the same time; The driver's hand performance indicators include the hand interaction completion time and finger displacement when the driver touches the central control screen; Driver eye movement indicators include the driver's glance time at the visually interactive central control screen.

3. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of a car based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 2, the quantitative formula of Fitts's law is fitted according to the driver's hand performance index, and the hand accessibility evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen is calculated; the specific process is: Step 21: Determine the comfort angle range of each part of the driver; the specific process is: The comfort angle range of the angle α1 between the driver's shoulder and the plumb line is 20°≤α1≤30°; The comfortable angle range of the angle α2 between the driver's upper arm and the plumb line is 10°≤α2≤45°; The comfortable angle range of the angle α3 between the driver's forearm and the upper arm is 80°≤α3≤120°; The comfortable angle range of the angle α4 between the driver's hand and the forearm is 170°≤α4≤190°; Step 22: based on the comfort angle range of each part of the driver, obtain the minimum value R1 of the arm comfort activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm comfort activity radius, and the arm touchable activity radius R3; Based on the minimum value R1 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and the arm's touchable activity radius R3, the best hand-reachable interactive area, the hand-reachable touchable area, and the worst hand-reachable interactive area are obtained; The specific process is: Step 221. First, the fifth quantile of the static human body size of Chinese adult males is selected as a reference. When the driver maintains a driving posture, the minimum and maximum values ​​of the horizontal plane length projection values ​​of various parts of the driver in their corresponding comfort angle ranges are superimposed as the minimum and maximum values ​​of the arm comfort activity radius respectively; the length of the driver's arm when it is fully extended is taken as the arm touchable activity radius; In the formula, R1 is the minimum value of the arm's comfortable activity radius, R2 is the maximum value of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and R3 is the arm's touchable activity radius; l1 is the length of the upper arm of the fifth quantile of static human body size of Chinese adult males; l2 is the length of the forearm of the fifth quantile of static human body size of Chinese adult males; l3 is the length of the hand of the fifth quantile of static body size of Chinese adult males; Step 222: Based on the minimum value R1 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, the maximum value R2 of the arm's comfortable activity radius, and the arm's touchable activity radius R3, the best interaction area, touchable area, and worst interaction area of ​​the hand's touchability are obtained; The specific process is: Optimal interaction area: The position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back is the center of the sphere, and the spherical arc of the minimum arm comfort activity radius R1 on the central control screen and the spherical arc of the arm comfort activity radius R2 on the central control screen are used as the left and right boundary lines respectively; the top and bottom of the central control screen are used as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the optimal interaction area; Touchable area: The position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back is the center of the sphere, and the spherical arc of the maximum arm comfort activity radius R2 on the central control screen and the spherical arc of the arm touchable activity radius R3 on the central control screen are used as the left and right boundary lines respectively; the top and bottom of the central control screen are used as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the touchable area; Worst interaction area: With the position where the driver's right shoulder rests on the seat back as the center of the sphere, the spherical arc of the arm's touchable activity radius R3 on the central control screen as the left boundary line, and the right frame of the central control screen as the right boundary line; the top and bottom of the central control screen as the upper and lower boundary lines; the middle area surrounded by the left and right boundary lines and the upper and lower boundary lines is the worst interaction area. Step 23: Select the first n icons whose center point is closest to the driver's right shoulder point. max Positions for evaluation; The center point of the application icon in the layout of the main interface of the central control screen is the closest to the driver's right shoulder point. max The positions are located within the optimal interactive and touchable areas; Step 24: Use the Fitts's law quantitative formula to perform linear fitting on the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the specified layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, to obtain the linear fitting result of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interaction area and the touchable area; Step 25: verify and analyze the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interactive area and touchable area obtained in step 24; Step 26: Calculate the score of the single layout evaluation application icon located in the optimal interactive area and touchable area. α ,sco β ; Step 27: Evaluate the application icon score based on a single layout α ,sco β , calculate the total score of the hand evaluation of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen sco toth-1 .

4. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of a car based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step 24, the Fitts's law quantitative formula is used to perform linear fitting on the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the application icon area, to obtain the linear fitting result of the Fitts's law quantitative formula for the optimal interaction area and the touchable area; the specific process is: Step 241: According to the finger displacement when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Fitts's law to obtain the time T when the driver's finger moves from the steering wheel grip to the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen of the car when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area. h1 ; The quantitative formula of Fitts's law is: Where D1 is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen when performing interaction in the optimal interaction area; S1 is the hot area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon on the central control display of the car when the driver touches the screen in the optimal interaction area; a1 is the preparation time before the driver in the optimal interaction zone performs touch screen interaction; b1 is the influence of the finger moving distance and the application icon hot zone area on the hand interaction time when the driver performs interaction in the optimal interaction area; The linear fitting results of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law in the optimal interaction area are as follows: Step 242: According to the displacement of the driver's finger when performing interaction in the touchable area, the time when the hand reaches the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen, and the area of ​​the application icon, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Fitts's law to obtain the time T when the driver's finger moves from the steering wheel grip to the position of the designated layout evaluation application icon on the central control screen of the car when performing interaction in the touchable area. h2 ; The quantitative formula of Fitts's law is: In the formula, D2 is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen when performing interaction in the touchable area; S2 is the hot area of ​​the layout evaluation application icon clicked by the driver in the touchable area of ​​the car's central control display; a2 is the preparation time before the driver can interact with the touch screen in the touchable area; b2 is the influence of the finger moving distance and the application icon hot zone area on the hand interaction time when the driver performs interaction in the touchable area; The linear fitting results of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law in the touchable area are as follows:

5. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step 25, the linear fitting result of the quantitative formula of Fitts's law for the optimal interactive area and touchable area obtained in step 24 is verified and analyzed; the specific process is: 1) Perform R on the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the optimal interaction area obtained in steps 2 and 3. 2 test; Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When R is greater than 0.8, 2 If the test is passed, the fitting parameters a1 and b1 are directly used as the final parameters; When R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, R 2 If the test fails, a nonlinear transformation of the independent variable b1 is required until it passes R 2 Test, the corresponding transformed fitting parameters a1 and b1 are used as the final parameters; The nonlinear transformation is a logarithmic transformation, a square root transformation or a reciprocal transformation; 2) Perform R on the linear fitting results of the Fitts's law quantitative formula of the touchable area obtained in steps 2 and 3. 2 test; Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When R is greater than 0.8, 2 The test passed; when R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, R 2 The inspection failed; If R 2 If the test is passed, the fitting parameters a2 and b2 are directly used as the final parameters and step 26 is executed; If R 2 If the test fails, a nonlinear transformation of the independent variable b2 is required until it passes R 2 Test, the corresponding transformed fitting parameters a2 and b2 are taken as the final parameters, and step 26 is executed; The nonlinear transformation includes logarithmic transformation, square root transformation or inverse transformation.

6. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of a car based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 26, the evaluation score of the single layout evaluation application icon located in the optimal interactive area and the touchable area is calculated. α ,sco β ; The specific process is: Step 261: Hand evaluation score range for each single layout evaluation app icon located in the best interaction area: The hand test score range for each single layout test app icon located in the touchable area is: In the formula, sco α ,sco β These are the hand evaluation scores of a single layout evaluation app icon located in the optimal interaction area and the touchable area respectively; w1 and w2 are the weights of the optimal interactive area and the touchable area respectively; n max The maximum number of application icons that participate in the layout evaluation; Step 262: The weight values ​​of the optimal interactive area and the touchable area for hand reachability are as follows: have to Step 263: Based on the hand evaluation score range of the single layout evaluation application icon in the best interaction area, the hand evaluation score range of the single layout evaluation application icon in the touchable area, the hand accessibility best interaction area weight w1 and the touchable area weight w2, calculate the evaluation score sco of the single layout evaluation application icon located in the best interaction area and the touchable area α ,sco β ; The expression is: In the formula, S min The minimum touch hot area of ​​the finger; S max is the area threshold; S is the hotspot area of ​​the layout of the evaluation application icon on the central control screen interface; D is the displacement of the driver's finger from the steering wheel grip to the center point of the specified layout evaluation element of the car's central control screen when performing interaction; D0 is the displacement of the finger from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere with the minimum spherical radius R1 corresponding to the driver's arm comfort activity arc and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element; D1 is the displacement of the finger from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere with the maximum spherical radius R2 corresponding to the driver's arm comfort activity arc and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element; D2 is the displacement of the finger moving from the steering wheel grip to the intersection of the sphere corresponding to the driver's arm touchable radius R3 and the central control screen, and the intersection is at the same horizontal position as the center point of the layout evaluation element.

7. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the step 27, the evaluation score of the application icon based on the single layout evaluation sco α ,sco β , calculate the total score of the hand evaluation of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen sco toth-1 ; The specific process is: In the formula, sco toth-1 is the total score of the hand evaluation of the layout of the main interface of the car's central control screen, n1 is the number of layout evaluation elements of the central control screen interface located in the optimal interaction area, and n2 is the number of layout evaluation elements of the central control screen interface located in the touchable area; sco α is the hand measurement score of the αth layout evaluation element of the central control screen interface located in the optimal interaction area, sco β It is the hand assessment score of the βth layout assessment element of the central control screen interface located in the touchable area.

8. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of an automobile based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the step 3, the quantitative formula of Hick's law is fitted according to the driver's eye movement index, and the visual interaction evaluation score of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen is calculated; the specific process is: Step 31: Derivation of the scanning angle of the layout evaluation application icon position relative to the center of the driver's eyes; the specific process is as follows: Assume that the three-dimensional coordinate distance between the center of the driver's eyes V and the center of the steering wheel in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the car cockpit space is (x2, y2, z2), and the coordinates of the center point K of a certain specified layout evaluation application icon on the car central control screen in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the cockpit are (x2+x0, y2+y0, z2+z0), and the vertical scanning angle θ of the center point K of a certain specified layout evaluation application icon on the car central control screen relative to point V is obtained. h and the horizontal scanning angle θ v : Among them, x0, y0, z0 are the three-dimensional coordinate distances of the center point K of a specified layout evaluation application icon on the car's central control screen relative to the center point V (x2, y2, z2) of the driver's eyes. Then the total scanning angle θ is obtained: Step 32: when the driver searches for the layout evaluation application icons at different positions on the central control screen, the scanning time, the fixation time, and the scanning angle of the icon position relative to the center of the driver's eyes, a linear fit is performed according to the quantitative formula of Hick's law to obtain the visual search time; The quantitative formula of Hick's law is: Where, T e is the visual search time, a * is the mean value of human visual reaction time, θ is the scanning angle, k is the linear influence factor of the scanning angle on the visual search time, c is the processing time for recognizing the options, and n is the number of application icons on the interface; The linear fitting results of Hick's law quantitative formula are as follows: Step 33: Verify and analyze the linear fitting results obtained in step 32; the specific process is as follows: Perform R on the linear fitting result obtained in step 3.2 2 test; Set the threshold to 0.8, when R 2 When R is greater than 0.8, 2 The test is passed; when R 2 When it is less than or equal to 0.8, R 2 The inspection failed; If R 2 If the test is passed, the linear influence factor k of the scanning angle on the visual search time is directly used as the final parameter, and steps three and four are executed; If R 2 If the test fails, it is necessary to perform a nonlinear transformation on the linear influence factor k of the scanning angle on the visual search time until it passes R 2 Test, the linear influence factor k of the corresponding transformed scanning angle on the visual search time is taken as the final parameter, and execute steps three and four; The nonlinear transformation is a logarithmic transformation, a square root transformation or a reciprocal transformation; Step 3 and 4: Calculate the visual evaluation score scoδ corresponding to a single layout evaluation icon in the main interface of the car's central control screen; the specific process is: Get the maximum and minimum values ​​of the sight search time in the visual evaluation expression T emin , T emax : In the formula, a * is the mean of human visual reaction time, θ max ,θ min are the maximum and minimum scanning angles of the center point of the layout evaluation application icon relative to the center of both eyes, num max 、num min are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the number of application icons on the interface, respectively, and c is the processing time for recognizing the options; According to the maximum and minimum search time T emin 、T emax The line of sight search time T e Normalize it to get the quantitative formula of visual interaction evaluation: In the formula, sco δ is the visual evaluation score corresponding to a single layout evaluation icon, n max The maximum number of application icons that participate in the layout evaluation; Step 35: Add the visual evaluation scores corresponding to the individual layout evaluation icons δ Get the total score of scotot-2 for the visual interaction evaluation of the main interface layout of the car's central control screen: Where n3 is the number of main interface layouts of the car central control screen evaluated in the visual interaction test.

9. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the central control screen of an automobile based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, the comprehensive evaluation score of the main interface layout of each car central control screen is calculated; the specific process is: Get the comprehensive evaluation score eva corresponding to the main interface of each car's central control screen: eve=sco toth-1 ×w h +sco toth-2 ×w e In the formula, eva, sco toth-1 ,sco toth-2 They are the total evaluation score, hand evaluation score and visual evaluation score corresponding to the main interface of the car's central control screen; w h With w e They are the weights of the hand assessment score and the visual assessment score in the total assessment score.

10. The method for optimizing the layout of the main interface of the automobile central control screen based on the driver's hand accessibility and visual interaction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The weight w h With w e The determination process is: 1) Based on the number of times n4 that different drivers perform different touch tasks on different car central control screen interfaces, a driver hand performance index dataset X1 is obtained; Based on the number of times n4 that different drivers perform different touch tasks on different car central control screen interfaces, a driver eye movement index dataset X2 is obtained; In the formula, x 11 is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the first touch task on a central control screen interface, x 21 It is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the second touch task on a central control screen interface. The value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the n4th touch task on a central control screen interface; x 12 is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the first touch task on a central control screen interface, x 22 It is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the second touch task on a central control screen interface. The value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the n4th touch task on a central control screen interface; 2) Yes Normalize and get the normalized data set right Normalize and get the normalized data set in In the formula, x i1 is the value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface, x i2 is the value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface; y i1 is the normalized value of the hand performance index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface, y i2 is the normalized value of the eye movement index of a driver performing the i-th touch task on a central control screen interface; 3) Based on the normalized data set and Calculate the information entropy E1 of the hand performance index and the information entropy E2 of the eye movement index: in In the formula, p i1 is the proportion of the hand performance index value of the i-th touch task to the hand performance index, p i2 is the proportion of the eye movement index value of the i-th touch task to the eye movement index; 4) Based on the information entropy E1 of the hand performance index and the information entropy E2 of the eye movement index, calculate the weight w of the hand evaluation score in the total evaluation score h The weight of the visual evaluation score in the total evaluation score w e :

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