Antenna assembly and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device. The radiating patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point arranged in sequence along a first direction. A signal source is configured to excite the radiating patch to form a target resonant mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band. The target resonant mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band along a second direction. An electrical length between the first grounding point and a side edge of the radiating patch along the first direction is smaller than an electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiating patch along the second direction. An electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiating patch along the first direction is smaller than an electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiating patch along the second direction. A circumferential side edge of the radiating patch is configured to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current with a reference ground plane in the target resonant mode. The application improves the stability of Bluetooth communication.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device has limited radiation direction. In some scenarios, such as being placed in a pocket or being worn on a wrist, the power of the Bluetooth antenna is easily reduced greatly, causing Bluetooth lag, reducing user experience, and other problems. Therefore, how to improve the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an antenna assembly for improving the performance stability of a Bluetooth antenna in an electronic device and an electronic device with the antenna assembly.

[0004] The present application provides an antenna assembly, which comprises:

[0005] a reference ground plate;

[0006] a radiation patch, which is oppositely and spacedly arranged with the reference ground plate; the length of the radiation patch in a first direction is greater than the length of the radiation patch in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the radiation patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both grounded; and

[0007] a signal source, which is electrically connected to the feeding point, and is used to excite the radiation patch to form a target resonant mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band, the target resonant mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction, the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction is less than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction is less than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, and the circumferential side edge of the radiation patch is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current between the reference ground plate in the target resonant mode.

[0008] The present application provides an electronic device, which comprises a back cover and at least one antenna assembly, and is used for Bluetooth signal communication with a Bluetooth earphone through the antenna assembly; the back cover is oppositely arranged with the reference ground plate, and the back cover is located between the reference ground plate and the radiation patch.

[0009] The antenna assembly and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application are characterized in that a radiation patch opposite to and spaced from a reference floor is designed, the length of the radiation patch in a first direction is greater than the length of the radiation patch in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the radiation patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both grounded; a signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, and the signal source is used to excite the radiation patch to form a target resonance mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band, the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both current strong points in the target resonance mode, the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction, the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction is less than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction is less than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, and the circumferential edge of the radiation patch is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current between the reference floor in the target resonance mode, so that the radiation energy of the antenna assembly is emitted at an angle close to the radiation patch, thereby effectively transmitting the Bluetooth signal when the antenna assembly is arranged in a pocket, and the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows.

[0011] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device system provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 is a scene diagram of a creeping wave antenna with the ability to diffract a human body and a scene diagram of an antenna without the ability to diffract a human body;

[0015] Figure 5 is a working principle schematic diagram of a creeping wave antenna;

[0016] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an ideal creeping wave antenna;

[0017] Figure 7 is a radiation pattern diagram of an ideal creeping wave antenna;

[0018] Figure 8are respectively an antenna ANT1 and an antenna ANT2 in two different radiation directions;

[0019] Figure 9 is a top view of a first antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0020] Figure 10 is Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application through a feed point;

[0021] Figure 11 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided by the present application;

[0022] Figure 12 is an electric field distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 13 is a magnetic current distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided by the present application;

[0024] Figure 14 is a perspective view of a patch antenna of a TM10 mode provided by the present application;

[0025] Figure 15 is Figure 14 is a current distribution diagram of the patch antenna of the TM10 mode provided by the present application;

[0026] Figure 16 is Figure 14 is an electric field distribution diagram of the patch antenna of the TM10 mode provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 17 is Figure 14 is a magnetic current distribution diagram of the patch antenna of the TM10 mode provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 18 is Figure 14 is a directional diagram of the patch antenna provided by the present application;

[0029] Figure 19 is a top view of a second antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 20 is a current distribution diagram of a radiating patch on the second antenna assembly provided by the present application;

[0031] Figure 21 is a top view of a third antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 22 is a top view of a fourth antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 23This is a circuit block diagram of the switch control unit, the first Bluetooth antenna, and the second Bluetooth antenna provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 24 This application provides a comparative reference model for its embodiments;

[0035] Figure 25 It is the transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as the transmitting and receiving antennas;

[0036] Figure 26 Is adopted Figure 14 The provided transmission coefficient curves for the patch antenna as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna in the TM10 operating mode;

[0037] Figure 27 Is adopted Figure 14 The provided radiation pattern of the patch antenna in TM10 operating mode;

[0038] Figure 28 yes Figure 19 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly serves as the receiving antenna, and the ideal monopole antenna serves as the transmitting antenna model.

[0039] Figure 29 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided for TM01 mode;

[0040] Figure 30 yes Figure 19 The tangential electric field distribution when the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly is used as a receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna is used as a transmitting antenna.

[0041] Figure 31 yes Figure 19 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly serves as the receiving antenna, and the ideal monopole antenna serves as the transmitting antenna, with the transmission coefficient curves shown.

[0042] Figure 32 yes Figure 19 A comparison of the lateral transmission coefficients of the antenna assembly provided in TM01 mode, an ideal monopole antenna, and a patch antenna in TM10 mode.

[0043] Figure 33 This is a scene diagram showing the relative position of the radiating patch of the antenna assembly of the TM01 mode and the human body.

[0044] Figure 34 The transmission coefficient curve is obtained by using the blocked TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna.

[0045] Figure 35is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application, which is provided with a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly;

[0046] Figure 36 is a structural diagram of the second antenna assembly provided in the present application;

[0047] Figure 37 is Figure 35 is a transmission coefficient curve of the TM01 mode antenna assembly provided in the present application as a transmitting antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a receiving antenna;

[0048] Figure 38 is Figure 35 is a transmission coefficient curve of the TM01 mode antenna assembly provided in the present application as a transmitting antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a receiving antenna;

[0049] Figure 39 is a reference model of longitudinal transmission of two ideal monopole antennas as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna respectively provided in the present application;

[0050] Figure 40 is a longitudinal transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna;

[0051] Figure 41 is used Figure 14 is a longitudinal transmission model of a TM10 mode patch antenna provided in the present application as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0052] Figure 42 is used Figure 14 is a longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of a TM10 mode patch antenna provided in the present application as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0053] Figure 43 is a longitudinal transmission model of a TM01 mode antenna assembly as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0054] Figure 44 is a longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of a TM01 mode antenna assembly as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0055] Figure 45 is Figure 19 is a longitudinal transmission coefficient comparison of a TM01 mode antenna assembly provided in the present application, an ideal monopole antenna and a TM10 mode patch antenna;

[0056] Figure 46 is Figure 21 is a transverse transmission coefficient curve of a TM01 mode antenna assembly provided in the present application as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0057] Figure 47 is Figure 21 Longitudinal transmission coefficient curves for the TM01 mode antenna assembly provided as a receiving antenna, with an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0058] Figure 48 is Figure 9 Transverse transmission coefficient curves for the TM01 mode antenna assembly provided as a receiving antenna, with an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0059] Figure 49 is Figure 9 Longitudinal transmission coefficient curves for the TM01 mode antenna assembly provided as a receiving antenna, with an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only some of the embodiments, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0061] In the present application, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in the embodiments of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0062] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example: an assembly or device including one or more components is not limited to the listed one or more components, but can optionally include one or more components that are not listed but are inherent to the product exemplified, or should have one or more components based on the described function.

[0063] When the electronic device is attached to the human body (for example, folded in the pocket or worn on the wrist, etc.), when the electronic device needs to communicate with the Bluetooth earphone, there may be a problem of weakening of the Bluetooth signal and transmission of the Bluetooth signal. For example, with the development of folding mobile phones, the antenna performance of the folding mobile phone will decrease after folding due to the decrease of the reference floor, the decrease of the clearance caused by the interference of other antennas or metal structures after folding, etc. When the folded mobile phone is placed in the pocket, the frequency deviation and performance reduction caused by human body absorption will cause the weakening of the Bluetooth signal transmission. Based on this, the electronic device placed in the pocket can also effectively transmit the Bluetooth signal, reduce the frequency deviation and performance reduction caused by human body absorption, improve the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device, and become a technical problem to be solved.

[0064] The present application can effectively solve the problem that the electronic device placed in the pocket can also effectively transmit the Bluetooth signal, reduce the frequency deviation and performance reduction caused by human body absorption, improve the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device, and become a technical problem to be solved.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a communication device system 10000 including a Bluetooth earphone 2000 and an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes at least one antenna assembly 100, and the electronic device 1000 communicates with the Bluetooth earphone 2000 through the antenna assembly 100.

[0066] The electronic device 1000 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a wearable device (wearable watch, etc.) and other devices with Bluetooth communication function. Among them, the mobile phone can be a straight mobile phone or a folding mobile phone. The present application takes the folding mobile phone as an example for description, and other electronic devices 1000 can refer to the present application. The present application can also be extended to other non-Bluetooth frequency bands, which also belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is exemplified by taking the electronic device 1000 as a folding mobile phone. The electronic device 1000 can be folded or unfolded by rotating movement or sliding movement. The electronic device 1000 is taken as an example of being folded or unfolded by rotating movement. The electronic device 1000 also includes a display screen 200 and a shell 300. The shell 300 includes a first shell 310 and a second shell 320 connected by rotation. The display screen 200 is laid on the first shell 310 and the second shell 320 to form the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 and form a receiving space. The first shell 310 includes a first bezel 311, a first middle plate, and a first back cover 312. The first bezel 311 surrounds the edge of the first back cover 312, and the first middle plate is opposite and spaced apart from the first back cover 312. One side or both sides of the first middle plate are provided with receiving grooves for accommodating batteries, mainboards, sensors, cameras, receivers, and the like. The first middle plate includes but is not limited to metal alloy and plastic injection structure, wherein the metal alloy can serve as a reference ground of the electronic device 1000, and the ground metal layer of the mainboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The second shell 320 includes a second bezel 321, a second middle plate, and a second back cover 322. The second bezel 321 surrounds the edge of the second back cover 322, and the second middle plate is opposite and spaced apart from the second back cover 322. One side or both sides of the second middle plate are provided with receiving grooves for accommodating batteries, mainboards, sensors, cameras, receivers, and the like. The second middle plate includes but is not limited to metal alloy and plastic injection structure, wherein the metal alloy can serve as a reference ground of the electronic device 1000, and the ground metal layer of the mainboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The above-mentioned reference ground can be equivalent to a foldable reference ground plate 400. The reference ground plate 400 of the electronic device 1000 includes a first sub-ground plate 410 and a second sub-ground plate 420. The reference ground in the first shell 310 can be equivalent to a first sub-ground plate 410 substantially in the shape of a rectangle, and the reference ground in the second shell 320 can be equivalent to a second sub-ground plate 420 substantially in the shape of a rectangle. When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the first back cover 312, the first sub-ground plate 410, the second sub-ground plate 420, and the second back cover 322 are sequentially stacked in the thickness direction.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3The display screen 200 includes a first fixed part 210, a bending part 220, and a second fixed part 230 arranged in sequence. The first fixed part 210 is fixedly connected to the first shell 310, and the second fixed part 230 is fixedly connected to the second shell 320. The fixed manner includes but is not limited to gluing and the like. The bending part 220 is arranged on the rotating connection mechanism, and the connection manner between the two can be fixed connection or non-connection state. The bending part 220 is bent when the foldable electronic device 1000 is folded, and the shape when the bending part 220 is bent includes but is not limited to a water drop type or a U type. Of course, in other embodiments, the first shell 310 and the second shell 320 can be respectively provided with two independent display screens 200.

[0069] The antenna assembly 100 can be arranged between the first back cover 312 and the first sub-floor 410 and / or between the second back cover 322 and the second sub-floor 420. The back cover opposite to the antenna assembly 100 is made of a non-metal material, so that the antenna assembly 100 transmits and receives Bluetooth signals through the back cover.

[0070] When the electronic device 1000 is a straight bar mobile phone, the electronic device 1000 further includes a display screen and a shell. The display screen is arranged on the shell to form the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 and form a receiving space. The shell includes a frame, a middle plate, and a back cover. The frame is arranged around the edge of the back cover, and the middle plate is arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the back cover. One side or both sides of the middle plate are provided with receiving grooves for receiving devices such as a battery, a mainboard, a sensor, a camera, and a receiver. The middle plate includes but is not limited to a metal alloy and a plastic injection structure, wherein the metal alloy can serve as a reference ground of the electronic device 1000, and a ground metal layer of the mainboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The reference ground plate of the electronic device 1000 is arranged opposite to the back cover. The radiation patch of the antenna assembly 100 can be arranged between the reference ground plate and the back cover. The position of the back cover opposite to the radiation body of the antenna assembly 100 is made of a non-metal material, so that the antenna assembly 100 transmits and receives Bluetooth signals through the back cover. When the electronic device 1000 is a smart watch, the arrangement position of the antenna assembly 100 can refer to the embodiment in which the electronic device 1000 is a straight bar mobile phone.

[0071] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the application effectively solves the problem that the electronic device 1000 can effectively transmit Bluetooth signals when arranged in a pocket, reduces the frequency deviation and performance reduction caused by human body absorption, and improves the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device 1000.

[0072] The creeping wave antenna has the characteristics of diffraction radiation of the human body and has great application potential on wearable devices. In the field of mobile phones, the scenario that the mobile phone is placed in a pocket and the Bluetooth earphone 2000 is worn on the ear is a very potential application scenario of the creeping wave.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is the scene diagram of the creeping wave antenna with the ability to diffract the human body and the scene diagram of the antenna without the ability to diffract the human body. In order to better illustrate the application scenario of the creeping wave, when the traditional antenna is applied to the human body, the problem of body shielding of non-line-of-sight transmission cannot be solved, while the creeping wave antenna has the ability to diffract the human body, and stable wireless communication can still be realized even if the body blocks the signal. Figure 4 The right side is a scene diagram of the creeping wave antenna with the ability to diffract the human body. Figure 4 The left side is a scene diagram of the antenna without the ability to diffract the human body.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the creeping wave antenna. It is assumed that the Tx antenna is a creeping wave antenna and the Rx antenna is a standard receiving antenna. When the creeping wave antenna works, its radiation field can be seen to have at least two paths: a transmission path and a diffraction path. It can be seen that the transmission field energy loss is very fast, and it quickly decays to a very low level in the human body, while the diffraction field still has a certain energy and can reach the Rx antenna, that is, the energy received by the Rx antenna is mainly diffraction energy, and the contribution of the transmission field can be ignored.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ideal creeping wave antenna. Figure 6 is a vertically polarized rod-shaped monopole antenna, and the lower rectangular sheet is an equivalent radiation ground, and the vertical section is a rod-shaped vertical monopole antenna, which works in a basic quarter-wave mode radiation.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of an ideal creeping wave antenna. It can be seen that the ideal creeping wave antenna mainly diverges around the central axis of the normal direction of the radiation patch.

[0077] The following defines and explains the radiation direction of the ideal creeping wave antenna.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is the antenna ANT1 and the antenna ANT2 respectively in two different radiation directions. The main radiation direction of the antenna ANT1 is close to horizontal radiation, that is, similar to Figure 7The main radiation direction of the antenna ANT2 is close to the vertical direction. When the antenna ANT1 and the antenna ANT2 are placed on the human body at the same time, the propagation direction of the antenna ANT1 is substantially on-body radiation. However, the propagation direction of the antenna ANT1 is perpendicular to the human body, and thus the main energy is quickly radiated in the off-body direction. Obviously, the antenna ANT1 has better on-body radiation capability, i.e., diffraction capability. The antenna ANT1 is the ideal creeping wave antenna described above. The ideal creeping wave antenna has a main transmission direction of on-body transmission, and has better on-body radiation capability, i.e., diffraction capability. In the scenario where the mobile phone is placed in the pocket and the Bluetooth earphone 2000 is worn on the ear, the ideal creeping wave antenna is applied to the mobile phone, the ideal creeping wave antenna radiates energy along the human body, and thus transmits the Bluetooth signal to the Bluetooth earphone 2000, so as to improve the Bluetooth communication stability in the scenario where the mobile phone is placed in the pocket and the Bluetooth earphone 2000 is worn on the ear, and prevent the lag phenomenon.

[0079] Since the ideal creeping wave antenna occupies a large space in the direction perpendicular to the reference floor (for example, 10 mm-20 mm are required), and the thickness direction of the mobile phone cannot provide the above space, the ideal creeping wave antenna cannot be applied to the mobile phone. In addition, in order to realize on-body transmission of the Bluetooth signal, not only the main transmission direction of the antenna is on-body transmission, but also the electric field direction between the antenna and the reference floor is perpendicular to the human body. If the electric field is parallel to the human body, the electric field is absorbed by the human body during transmission, resulting in low transmission efficiency.

[0080] The present application provides an antenna assembly 100, which has an on-body transmission radiation direction and an electric field direction between the radiator and the reference floor perpendicular to the human body. The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated below in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiation patch 10, a signal source 20, and a reference floor 400. Optionally, the radiation patch 10 is located between the first sub-floor 410 and the first back cover 312.

[0082] The length of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 is greater than the length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2, and the first direction D1 is perpendicular to the second direction D2.

[0083] The radiation patch 10 is opposite to and spaced apart from the reference ground plate 400, and the spacing can be in millimeters. Therefore, the thickness of the antenna assembly 100 provided by the present application is much smaller than that of an ideal creeping wave antenna, and the antenna assembly 100 can be applied in electronic devices 1000 such as mobile phones. The radiation patch 10 includes a first grounding point B, a feeding point A, and a second grounding point C arranged in sequence along a first direction D1. The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both grounded, i.e., electrically connected to the reference ground plate 400. The specific electrical connection manner includes but is not limited to connection through a conductive column or a conductive via.

[0084] The signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point A. The specific feeding manner includes but is not limited to capacitive coupling feeding or direct electrical connection feeding.

[0085] The signal source 20 is used to excite the radiation patch 10 to form a target resonant mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band.

[0086] The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both current strong points in the target resonant mode. The current strong point refers to the intensity of the current on the side of the first grounding point B (or the second grounding point C) gradually decreases as it moves away from the first grounding point B (or the second grounding point C).

[0087] Please refer to Figure 11 The target resonant mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in a second direction D2. In other words, the current distribution on the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 is gradually weakened from the center to the two sides. The electrical length of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 is about 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0088] In the present application, the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0091] Further, please refer to Figure 11The first ground point B has an electrical length between the first direction D1 and the side of the radiation patch 10 smaller than an electrical length between the second direction D2 and the side of the radiation patch 10. The second ground point C has an electrical length between the first direction D1 and the side of the radiation patch 10 smaller than an electrical length between the second direction D2 and the side of the radiation patch 10. Since the first ground point B and the second ground point C are arranged along the first direction D1, the radiation patch 10 does not form a resonant mode along the first direction D1, i.e., the target resonant mode does not form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band along the first direction D1. It can be understood that the current along the first direction D1 is a distributed current, which does not form a resonant current. The distributed current has a relatively uniform intensity, e.g., a weak current.

[0092] The current distribution of the target resonant mode makes the electrical field between the side of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 and the reference ground plane 400 a strong electrical field, and the electrical field between the two sides of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 and the reference ground plane 400 is also a strong electrical field, and the electrical field intensity decreases along the second direction D2 to the center position. Thus, under the target resonant mode, the gap between the side of the radiation patch 10 and the reference ground plane 400 forms a circular magnetic current in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, and the energy near the center axis (in the normal direction) of the radiation patch 10 is canceled out because the magnetic current directions of the two sides are opposite, and the energy far from the center axis (in the normal direction) of the radiation patch 10 forms a field superposition because it forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band along the second direction D2, i.e., the phase difference along the second direction D2 is 180 degrees, and is subjected to the magnetic current in opposite directions along the two sides of the second direction D2, thereby generating a field superposition far from the center axis of the radiation patch 10, forming a main lobe, and forming a plurality of lobes as a whole, forming an omnidirectional radiation; in addition, since the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the reference ground plane 400, when the electronic device 1000 is placed in a pocket, the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the surface of the human body. The electrical field between the radiation patch 10 and the reference ground plane 400 is perpendicular to the surface of the human body, so as to reduce the absorption of the electrical field by the human body. Thus, the antenna assembly 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application satisfies that the electrical field is perpendicular to the human body transmission and the transmission direction of the on-body direction (the transmission direction of the human body), increases the transmission efficiency of the Bluetooth signal of the electronic device 1000 when the Bluetooth earphone 2000 is attached to the human body (e.g., folded in a pocket or worn on a wrist), and effectively prevents the Bluetooth signal from being stuck when the electronic device 1000 is in a folding scene, a pocket scene, and a wearing scene.

[0093] The antenna assembly 100 and the electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present application are characterized in that the radiating patch 10 is designed to be opposite to and spaced apart from the reference floor 400, the radiating patch 10 comprises a first grounding point B, a feeding point A and a second grounding point C arranged in sequence along a first direction D1, and the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both grounded; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point A, and the signal source 20 is configured to excite the radiating patch 10 to form a target resonant mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band, the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both current strong points in the target resonant mode, the target resonant mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in a second direction D2, and the circumferential side of the radiating patch 10 is configured to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current between the radiating patch 10 and the reference floor 400 in the target resonant mode, so that the radiated energy of the antenna assembly 100 is emitted along an angle close to the radiating patch 10, thereby effectively transmitting the Bluetooth signal when the antenna assembly 100 is arranged in a pocket, and improving the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device 1000.

[0094] In the present application, the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonant mode and the plane where the radiating patch 10 is located is less than or equal to 60°. If the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonant mode and the plane where the radiating patch 10 is located is greater than 60°, for example, 70°, 80° or 90°, the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 and the normal direction of the radiating patch 10 is smaller, and most of the energy is radiated in a direction approximately perpendicular to the human body, so that the creeping wave cannot be formed, and the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 in the pocket scenario is difficult to be transmitted to the Bluetooth earphone 2000 along the human body.

[0095] In this embodiment, by designing the relative positions of the first grounding point B, the feeding point A, and the second grounding point C on the radiation patch 10, the circumferential side of the radiation patch 10 is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current with the reference floor 400 in the target resonance mode. The energy field in the angle greater than 60° between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is offset, and the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is less than or equal to 60°. It can be understood that the above-mentioned 60° is an example value. In other embodiments, the energy field in the angle greater than 35°, 45°, 60°, 70°, etc. between the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is offset, so that the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna assembly 100 in the pocket scenario can be transmitted to the Bluetooth earphone 2000 after multiple reflections on the human body surface. Since the human body surface is not a standard plane, in actual application, the antenna assembly 100 in the target resonance mode has a certain small angle between the radiation direction and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located, which can better enable the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 to crawl along the human body to the Bluetooth earphone 2000.

[0096] The shape of the radiation patch 10 is not limited in the present application. Alternatively, the radiation patch 10 is at least symmetric in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The shape of the radiation patch 10 includes but is not limited to a rectangle, a square, a circle, etc., so that the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is more omnidirectional, and the electronic device 1000 can effectively perform Bluetooth communication at various angles, reducing the problem of lag.

[0097] The present application takes the rectangular patch as an example to illustrate the current distribution, electric field distribution, and magnetic current distribution on the radiation patch 10.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 9 , the circumferential side of the radiation patch 10 includes the first edge 11, the second edge 12, the third edge 13, and the fourth edge 14 arranged in sequence. The first edge 11 and the third edge 13 both extend along the second direction D2. The second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14 both extend along the first direction D1. The present application does not limit the length of the first edge 11 and the second edge 12. Alternatively, the length of the first edge 11 is less than or equal to the length of the second edge 12. In this embodiment, the length of the second edge 12 is slightly greater than the length of the first edge 11, that is, the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 are longitudinal short edges, and the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14 are transverse long edges.

[0099] Optionally, the feeding point A is located at the geometric center of the radiation patch 10. The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are symmetrically distributed about the feeding point A to form a symmetric directional diagram, thereby forming a directional diagram with stronger omnidirectionality, avoiding distortion of the directional diagram and the problem of directional diagram asymmetry caused by the feeding point A deviating from the geometric center of the radiation patch 10.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 11 In the present application, the current distribution of the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 of the radiation patch 10: since the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band along the second direction D2, the current of the area close to the second edge 12 on the first edge 11 is weak, the current near the center of the first edge 11 is strong, and the current of the area close to the fourth edge 14 on the first edge 11 is weak. The current of the area close to the second edge 12 on the third edge 13 is weak, the current near the center of the third edge 13 is strong, and the current of the area close to the fourth edge 14 on the third edge 13 is weak.

[0101] In the present application, the current distribution of the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14 of the radiation patch 10: since the target resonance mode does not form a resonance mode (does not form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode) along the first direction D1, a relatively uniform weak current is formed on the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14.

[0102] In the present application, since the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the reference floor 400 and has a small distance, a capacitive structure is formed between the two. The above current distribution causes the target resonance mode to form positive charges on the first edge 11, the second edge 12, the third edge 13, and the fourth edge 14 of the radiation patch 10, so that the direction of the electric field between the radiation patch 10 and the circumferential edges of the reference floor 400 under the target resonance mode is perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located, and the direction of the electric field between each of the circumferential edges of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is the same, further, the direction of the electric field between each of the circumferential edges of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the radiation patch 10 to the reference floor 400. Since the electric field is parallel to the human body surface during propagation along the human body surface, it will be absorbed by the human body, so in the present embodiment, by designing the electric field to be perpendicular to the human body surface during propagation along the human body surface, the absorption of the electric field by the human body during propagation along the human body surface is reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the Bluetooth signal is improved.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 12The above-mentioned current distribution can know that the distribution of the electric field between the first edge 11, the second edge 12, the third edge 13, the fourth edge 14 of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is: the electric field of the area close to the second edge 12 of the first edge 11 is a strong electric field, the electric field near the center position of the first edge 11 is a weak electric field, and the electric field of the area close to the fourth edge 14 of the first edge 11 is a strong electric field. The direction of the electric field is that the first edge 11 points to the reference floor 400 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0104] The target resonance mode forms a weak positive charge on the second edge 12, and the direction of the electric field is that the second edge 12 points to the reference floor 400 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0105] The electric field of the area close to the second edge 12 of the third edge 13 is a strong electric field, the electric field near the center position of the third edge 13 is a weak electric field, and the electric field of the area close to the fourth edge 14 of the third edge 13 is a strong electric field. The direction of the electric field is that the third edge 13 points to the reference floor 400 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0106] The target resonance mode forms a weak positive charge on the fourth edge 14, and the direction of the electric field is that the fourth edge 14 points to the reference floor 400 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 13 The above-mentioned electric field distribution can know that the distribution of the magnetic current between the first edge 11, the second edge 12, the third edge 13, the fourth edge 14 of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is:

[0108] In the second direction D2, the electric field intensity between the radiation patch 10 and the circumferential side of the reference floor 400 decreases first and then increases, and in the first direction D1, the electric field intensity between the radiation patch 10 and the circumferential side of the reference floor 400 is a relatively uniform strong electric field, so that the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 form a magnetic current zero point in the second direction D2, and do not have a magnetic current zero point in the second direction D2. Annular magnetic current.

[0109] Specifically, the target resonance mode is TM01 mode. Wherein, the energy between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is transmitted outward in the form of magnetic current. Wherein, the electric field between the first edge 11 and the reference floor 400 is large on both sides and small in the middle, so that the annular magnetic current forms a magnetic current zero point between the first edge 11 and the reference floor 400. The position of the magnetic current zero point matches the position of the weak electric field, that is, the center position of the first edge 11.

[0110] The electric field between the second edge 12 and the reference floor 400 is a strong electric field, so that the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the second edge 12 and the reference floor 400.

[0111] The electric field between the third edge 13 and the reference floor 400 is large at both sides and small in the middle, so the annular magnetic current forms a magnetic current zero point between the third edge 13 and the reference floor 400. The position of the magnetic current zero point matches the position of the weak electric field, that is, the center position of the third edge 13.

[0112] The electric field between the fourth edge 14 and the reference floor 400 is strong, so the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the fourth edge 14 and the reference floor 400.

[0113] Since the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14 are long edges, and the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 are short edges, 0 in TM01 refers to the number of zero points on the long edge (the second edge 12 or the fourth edge 14), and 1 refers to the number of zero points on the short edge (the first edge 11 or the third edge 13). As known from the above, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the application forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the second direction D2, and is unable to form a resonant mode in the first direction D1.

[0114] The direction of the magnetic current between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is around the normal direction of the radiation patch 10, that is, an annular magnetic current.

[0115] The first ground point B, the second ground point C, and the feed point A on the radiation patch 10 are exemplified below in combination with the accompanying drawings, so that the antenna assembly 100 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2, does not form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, forms a current distribution of strong at both sides and weak in the middle in the second direction D2, and forms a uniform weak current in the first direction D1, i.e., forms a current distribution of strong in the middle and weak at both sides in the second direction D2, and forms a uniform strong electric field in the first direction D1, and the electric field direction is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, thereby forming a TM01 mode of the annular magnetic current with 0 magnetic current zero points in the first direction D1 and 1 magnetic current zero point in the second direction D2 between the radiation patch 10 and the circumferential side of the reference floor 400. Since the energy is emitted in the form of annular magnetic current from the gap between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400, in the direction close to being perpendicular to the radiation patch 10, the energy is basically not emitted in the direction close to being perpendicular to the radiation patch 10 because the fields received by the two sides cancel each other out, and in the direction close to being parallel to the radiation patch 10, although the two sides receive magnetic currents in opposite directions, the two sides receive the opposite magnetic currents in the direction close to being parallel to the radiation patch 10 with a phase difference of 180° due to the difference in the distance along the second direction D2 being 1 / 2 wavelength, and the opposite magnetic currents in the direction close to being parallel to the radiation patch 10 produce a superposition effect of the energy field, thereby forming a main lobe, and under the action of the main lobe, the antenna assembly 100 radiates energy in the direction close to being parallel to the radiation patch 10 and around the radiation patch 10, and has omnidirectionality, and the above forms a creeping wave antenna with a small size in the thickness direction and a large transmission efficiency.

[0116] Optionally, please refer to Figure 11 The minimum electrical length between the first ground point B and the second edge 12 is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the first ground point B and the fourth edge 14 is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the second edge 12 is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the fourth edge 14 is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0117] The minimum electrical length between the first ground point B and the second edge 12 is the electrical length between the minimum distance of the first ground point B and the second edge 12.

[0118] Optionally, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second edge 12 is close to or is 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the first grounding point B and the second edge 12. In this way, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, and a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the second edge 12 after transmission of about 1 / 4 wavelength. In this embodiment, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second edge 12 is in the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength, with the center of the first grounding point B, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the second edge 12.

[0119] Correspondingly, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth edge 14 is close to or is 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the first grounding point B and the fourth edge 14. In this way, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, and a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the fourth edge 14 after transmission of about 1 / 4 wavelength. In this embodiment, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth edge 14 is in the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength, with the center of the first grounding point B, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the fourth edge 14.

[0120] Optionally, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the second edge 12 is close to or is 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the second grounding point C and the second edge 12. In this way, the second grounding point C is a current strong point, and a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the second edge 12 after transmission of about 1 / 4 wavelength. In this embodiment, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the second edge 12 is in the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength, with the center of the second grounding point C, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the second edge 12.

[0121] Correspondingly, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the fourth edge 14 is close to or is 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the second grounding point C and the fourth edge 14. In this way, the second grounding point C is a current strong point, and a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the fourth edge 14 after transmission of about 1 / 4 wavelength. In this embodiment, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the fourth edge 14 is in the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength, with the center of the second grounding point C, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed at the fourth edge 14.

[0122] The above introduces a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the second direction D2, forming a current distribution with weak edges and strong middle, i.e. forming an electric field distribution with strong edges and weak middle in the second direction D2, having a magnetic current zero point in the second direction D2, making the magnetic currents of the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 180 degrees out of phase at the position away from the center, and since the directions of the magnetic currents of the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 are opposite, the fields at the position away from the center are superimposed, making the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 on-body direction, satisfying the creeping wave condition.

[0123] In the present application, the first grounding point B is arranged at the midpoint between the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14, and the second grounding point C is arranged at the midpoint between the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14, so that the current distribution formed by the target resonance mode on the radiation patch 10 is a current distribution symmetrically distributed in the second direction D2 with the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C as the current center points, and the electric field intensity distribution and direction between the second edge 12 and the reference ground plate 400 are symmetric with the electric field intensity distribution and direction between the fourth edge 14 and the reference ground plate 400 in the second direction D2.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 11 The minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11 is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11 is much smaller than 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, avoiding the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11. Moreover, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, the first grounding point B is close to the first edge 11, and the position of the first edge 11 directly opposite the first grounding point B is also a current strong point, so that the position of the first edge 11 directly opposite the first grounding point B is an electric field weak point, i.e. a magnetic current zero point, so as to form a TM01 mode magnetic current on the first edge 11.

[0125] Correspondingly, the minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the third edge 13 is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the third edge 13 is far less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, the second ground point C is a current strong point, the second ground point C is close to the third edge 13, and the position of the third edge 13 opposite to the second ground point C is also a current strong point, so that the position of the third edge 13 opposite to the second ground point C is a weak point of electric field, i.e. a magnetic current zero point, so as to form a TM01 mode magnetic current on the third edge 13. Moreover, the 1 / 4 wavelength mode is avoided between the second ground point C and the third edge 13, and further avoided to form a 1 / 2 wavelength resonance mode of the radiation patch 10 in the first direction D1. Because if the radiation patch 10 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, a magnetic current zero point is generated on the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14, and a TM10 mode is formed as a working basic mode, so that a TM01 annular magnetic current cannot be formed, and the above-mentioned electric field distribution condition cannot be formed, and further the on-body radiation direction cannot be realized, and a creeping wave antenna cannot be formed.

[0126] The electric field distribution, the magnetic current distribution and the radiation pattern of the patch antenna forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1 are described below.

[0127] Referring to Figure 14 , Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a patch antenna forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1. The patch antenna is a rectangular patch, wherein the second edge 12 and the fourth edge 14 (i.e. the horizontal edge) of the patch antenna are long edges. The first edge 11 and the third edge 13 (i.e. the vertical edge) of the patch antenna are short edges.

[0128] Referring to Figure 15 , Figure 15 is Figure 14 the current distribution diagram of the patch antenna provided by the present application. When the radiator forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the long edge, the center position of the radiator is a current strong point, the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 are current weak regions, and the center position of the second edge 12 and the center position of the fourth edge 14 are current strong points.

[0129] Referring to Figure 16 , Figure 16 is Figure 14 the electric field distribution diagram between the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 provided by the present application. Since the patch antenna forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1, the center position of the radiator is a current strong point, the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 are current weak regions (i.e. strong electric field regions), and the center position of the second edge 12 and the center position of the fourth edge 14 are current strong points (strong electric field points).

[0130] The electric field direction between the first side 11 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is the direction in which the first side 11 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field intensity distribution is a strong electric field. The electric field direction distribution between the area close to the first side 11 of the second side 12 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the second side 12 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field intensity distribution is that the electric field intensity gradually decreases, and the electric field intensity is the smallest near the center position of the second side 12. The electric field direction distribution between the area close to the third side 13 of the second side 12 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the second side 12, and the electric field intensity distribution is that the electric field intensity gradually increases, and the electric field intensity is the smallest near the center position of the second side 12. Among them, the electric field direction between the third side 13 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is the direction in which the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the third side 13, and the electric field intensity distribution is a strong electric field. The electric field direction distribution between the area close to the first side 11 of the fourth side 14 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the fourth side 14 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field intensity distribution is that the electric field intensity gradually decreases, and the electric field intensity is the smallest near the center position of the fourth side 14. The electric field direction distribution between the area close to the third side 13 of the fourth side 14 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the fourth side 14, and the electric field intensity distribution is that the electric field intensity gradually increases, and the electric field intensity is the smallest near the center position of the fourth side 14.

[0131] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17 is Figure 14 The magnetic current distribution diagram between the patch antenna provided by the application and the reference floor 400 is shown in the figure. Because the electric field direction and intensity of the center position of the second side 12 and the center position of the fourth side 14 change suddenly, according to the relationship between the magnetic current and the electric field, J=-n*E, where J represents the magnetic current, and E represents the electric field. The magnetic current has zero points at the center positions of the second side 12 and the fourth side 14. The magnetic current direction between the first side 11 of the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the fourth side 14 to the second side 12. The magnetic current direction between the half of the second side 12 close to the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the first side 11 to the third side 13, and the magnetic current direction between the half of the second side 12 close to the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the third side 13 to the first side 11. The magnetic current direction between the third side 13 of the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the fourth side 14 to the second side 12. The magnetic current direction between the half of the fourth side 14 close to the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the third side 13 to the first side 11, and the magnetic current direction between the half of the fourth side 14 close to the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is the direction from the first side 11 to the third side 13.

[0132] The center position of the second edge 12 and the center position of the fourth edge 14 have magnetic current zero points, and the first edge 11 and the third edge 13 do not have magnetic current zero points, which indicates that the working base mode of the patch antenna is the TM10 mode.

[0133] Please refer to Figure 17 , three points P1, P2 and P3 are assumed in space, and all of them are located in the far field. P1 is basically located directly above the patch antenna. At this time, the fields generated by the magnetic currents Jm1 and Jm2 are superimposed, while the magnetic currents Jm3 and Jm4 or the magnetic currents Jm5 and Jm6 are in opposite directions and the generated fields are cancelled. P2 is assumed to be located in the rear far field. At this time, Jm1 and Jm2 contribute little, mainly from Jm4 and Jm6, and Jm3 and Jm5, and the magnetic currents are in opposite directions and the generated fields are cancelled. Therefore, P2 is a weak field area. P3 in the figure is mainly contributed by Jm1 and Jm2, but the distance difference between Jm1 and Jm2 is one half of the wavelength, and the phase difference is 180 degrees. Therefore, the radiation to the P3 point is still cancelled. In summary, only the top radiation is strong field radiation.

[0134] Please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 is Figure 14 the radiation pattern of the patch antenna provided by the application. The radiation pattern of the patch antenna is upward in the vertical plane, and cannot form a creeping wave parallel to the human body.

[0135] Through the above experiments, it can be proved that if the patch antenna forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, it cannot form a creeping wave parallel to the human body. Based on this conclusion, the application forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode on the short edge of the radiating patch 10, sets the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C in the long edge direction of the radiating patch 10, so that the long edge of the radiating patch 10 cannot form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and then forms a magnetic current distribution corresponding to the working base mode TM01 mode, and forms an omnidirectional pattern with a horizontal transmission radiation direction.

[0136] Optionally, please refer to Figure 11 , the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the feeding point A is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the feeding point A is much smaller than 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, avoiding the formation of a magnetic current zero point on the horizontal long edge, and maintaining a strong electric field between the horizontal long edge and the reference ground plane 400.

[0137] The electrical length between the second ground point C and the feed point A is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, the electrical length between the second ground point C and the feed point A is much less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, avoiding the formation of a magnetic current zero point on the transverse long side of the radiating patch 10 and maintaining a strong electric field between the transverse long side and the reference floor 400. If the transverse long side of the radiating patch 10 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band, a magnetic current zero point is generated on the transverse long side, a circular magnetic current cannot be formed, and the above-mentioned electric field distribution condition cannot be formed, so that the on-body direction cannot be achieved, and the creeping wave cannot be formed.

[0138] In a second alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 19 , the second edge 12 of the radiating patch 10 is provided with a first slot 121 extending towards the fourth edge 14. The first slot 121 is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiating patch 10 along the second direction D2. Specifically, during production, when the frequency band supported by the radiating patch 10 is less than the Bluetooth frequency band, the first slot 121 extending towards the fourth edge 14 can be provided on the second edge 12 of the radiating patch 10. That is, the current path length of the radiating patch 10 along the second direction D2 is reduced, and the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is moved towards the high frequency side, so that the frequency band supported by the radiating patch 10 is the Bluetooth frequency band. In addition, the first slot 121 can introduce perturbations to adjust the frequency and bandwidth, and also has a certain ability to adjust the radiation pattern.

[0139] Optionally, the size of the first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first edge 11. If the size of the first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is less than 1 / 8 of the length of the first edge 11, the frequency adjustment effect may be small. If the size of the first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is greater than 3 / 16 of the length of the first edge 11, the first slot 121 will have a greater impact on the current distribution on the radiating patch 10, affecting the circular magnetic current formed by the radiating patch 10 and the radiation direction.

[0140] Further, referring to Figure 19The fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 is provided with a second slot 141 extending towards the second side 12. The second slot 141 is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. Specifically, when the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is less than the Bluetooth frequency band, the second slot 141 extending towards the second side 12 can be provided on the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 during production. That is, the current path length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 is reduced, and the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is moved towards the high frequency side, so that the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is the Bluetooth frequency band. In addition, the second slot 141 can introduce perturbation, adjust the frequency and bandwidth, and have certain pattern adjustment capability.

[0141] Optionally, the size of the second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11. If the size of the second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is less than 1 / 8 of the length of the first side 11, the frequency adjustment effect may be small. If the size of the second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is greater than 3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11, the second slot 141 will have a greater impact on the current distribution on the radiation patch 10, affecting the circular magnetic current formed by the radiation patch 10 and the radiation direction.

[0142] Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 can be provided simultaneously or separately. Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 can be symmetrically provided or staggered in the second direction D2. Optionally, the first slot 121 can be provided at the center of the second side 12 and be collinear with the feed point A, or the first slot 121 can be provided at a non-central position of the second side 12 and be non-collinear with the feed point A. Optionally, the second slot 141 can be provided at the center of the fourth side 14 and be collinear with the feed point A, or the second slot 141 can be provided at a non-central position of the fourth side 14 and be non-collinear with the feed point A.

[0143] Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 can be rectangular, circular, or the like. The extension direction of the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 can be along the second direction D2 or have a small angle with the second direction D2. The extension direction of the first slot 121 can be parallel or non-parallel to the extension direction of the second slot 141.

[0144] In this embodiment, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the feed point A, and the first slot 121, the feed point A, and the second slot 141 are collinear. In this way, while achieving frequency adjustment, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 also has symmetry, thereby forming omnidirectional radiation.

[0145] Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20is Figure 19 A second current distribution diagram of the radiating patch 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is provided. The current path of the radiating patch 10 is like a butterfly shape in the diagram. Due to the arrangement of the first ground point B and the second ground point C, there is no half-wavelength mode in the transverse direction. A half-wavelength is introduced in the longitudinal direction, and the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 are introduced in the longitudinal direction to increase the end boundary to adjust the frequency band. At this time, the working mode of the antenna assembly 100 is the TM01 mode.

[0146] In a third alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 21 , the radiating patch 10 further includes a third ground point D and a fourth ground point E. The third ground point D, the feed point A, and the fourth ground point E are arranged in the second direction D2 in sequence. The third ground point D and the fourth ground point E are both grounded.

[0147] The third ground point D and the fourth ground point E are used to tune the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100. The third ground point D and the fourth ground point E are both electric field strong points in the target resonance mode.

[0148] The third ground point D is located between the feed point A and the second edge 12. The minimum electrical length between the third ground point D and the second edge 12 is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the third ground point D and the feed point A is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0149] The fourth ground point E is located between the feed point A and the second edge 12. The electrical length between the fourth ground point E and the fourth edge 14 is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the fourth ground point E and the feed point A is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0150] Optionally, the third ground point D is close to the feed point A, and the minimum electrical length between the third ground point D and the second edge 12 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The fourth ground point E is close to the feed point A, and the minimum electrical length between the fourth ground point E and the fourth edge 14 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, it is ensured that the radiating patch 10 forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2.

[0151] In the embodiment, the third grounding point D, the fourth grounding point E and the feeding point A can be equivalent to one point. It is equivalent to lengthening the feeding point A along the second direction D2. The electrical length between the third grounding point D and the second edge 12 is 1 / 14 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second edge 12 is slightly greater than 1 / 14 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the fourth grounding point E and the fourth edge 14 is 1 / 14 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth edge 14 is slightly greater than 1 / 14 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. Compared with the above-mentioned embodiment, the size of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 can be increased, so that the radiation patch 10 forms a square patch. In the embodiment, the third grounding point D and the fourth grounding point E are added, which ensures that there is always a 1 / 2 wavelength mode resonance in the second direction D2, so that the electric field between the second edge 12, the fourth edge 14 and the reference ground plane 400 is a strong electric field. In this way, the electric field condition and the annular magnetic current are ensured, the electric field of the antenna assembly 100 formed is perpendicular to the reference ground plane 400, the radiation direction is close to the lateral transmission of the reference ground plane 400, and the transmission stability of the Bluetooth frequency band is improved.

[0152] In a fourth alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 22 , the radiation patch 10 further comprises a third slot 15. The third slot 15 is arranged between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B. The third slot 15 is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 moves towards low frequency. In actual production, if the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is greater than the Bluetooth frequency band, the third slot 15 can be arranged between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is the Bluetooth frequency band, and then the Bluetooth frequency band is tuned out. The feeding point A and the first grounding point B are current strong areas, and the tuning efficiency is higher when the third slot 15 is arranged at this position.

[0153] In the embodiment, the third slot 15 is different from the first slot 121 in that the first slot 121 is arranged at the edge, and the third slot 15 is arranged at the middle of the radiation patch 10.

[0154] Further, the radiation patch 10 further comprises a fourth slot 16. The fourth slot 16 is arranged between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B. The fourth slot 16 is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. In actual production, if the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is greater than the Bluetooth frequency band, the fourth slot 16 can be arranged between the feeding point A and the second grounding point C, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is the Bluetooth frequency band, thereby tuning out the Bluetooth frequency band. The current is strong between the feeding point A and the second grounding point C. The tuning efficiency is higher when the fourth slot 16 is arranged at this position.

[0155] The shape of the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 is not limited in the present application, and the shape of the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 includes, but is not limited to, rectangular, triangular, circular, etc.

[0156] Optionally, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 can be arranged simultaneously or separately. Optionally, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 can be arranged symmetrically or staggered in the first direction D1. Optionally, the center of the third slot 15 can be collinear with the feeding point A, or can not be collinear with the feeding point A. Optionally, the fourth slot 16 can be collinear with the feeding point A, or can not be collinear with the feeding point A.

[0157] In the present embodiment, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeding point A, and the center of the third slot 15, the feeding point A, and the center of the fourth slot 16 are collinear. In this way, while realizing frequency tuning, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 also has symmetry, thereby forming omnidirectional radiation.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 23 , the antenna assembly 100 is a first Bluetooth antenna. The electronic device 1000 further comprises a second Bluetooth antenna 500 and a switch control unit 600. The switch control unit 600 is electrically connected to the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500. The second Bluetooth antenna 500 can be a conventional Bluetooth antenna, which can be a metal frame antenna in the form of IFA, an antenna embedded in a plastic frame, a bracket antenna, etc.

[0159] The switch control unit 600 is configured to intelligently switch the working antenna of the Bluetooth signal according to the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500. For example, the switch control unit 600 is configured to switch to the first Bluetooth antenna to transmit and receive the Bluetooth signal when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to a preset strength, and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna 500 is less than the preset strength. The switch control unit 600 is also configured to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna 500 to transmit and receive the Bluetooth signal when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength, and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna 500 is greater than or equal to the preset strength. The switch control unit 600 is also configured to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna 500 to transmit and receive the Bluetooth signal when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500 are both greater than or both less than the preset strength. In this way, the Bluetooth antenna with stronger signal strength is intelligently switched to work in different scenarios to ensure the stability of the Bluetooth signal of the electronic device 1000 in the folded scenario, or the pocket scenario, or the folded pocket scenario.

[0160] The performance of the above various embodiments is verified by experiments. Please refer to Figure 24 , Figure 24 is a comparative reference model provided by the embodiments of the present application. ANT1 and ANT2 are located above the equivalent human body model. According to the antenna reciprocity theorem, ANT1 and ANT2 can be used as Tx antennas and Rx antennas. In the present application, ANT2 is used as an Rx antenna, and ANT1 is a variable Tx antenna. That is, ANT2 transmits a Bluetooth signal, and ANT1 receives the Bluetooth signal. ANT1 and ANT2 are both monopole antennas (ideal creeping wave antennas).

[0161] Please refer to Figure 25 , Figure 25 is a transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Among them, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. The S parameter curve of ANT1 and the S parameter curve of ANT2 coincide. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. As can be seen from curve c, the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2 at the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -43. The greater the transmission coefficient, the higher the efficiency of ANT1 receiving the signal transmitted by ANT2.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 26 , Figure 26 is a transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Among them, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. The S parameter curve of ANT1 and the S parameter curve of ANT2 coincide. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. As can be seen from curve c, the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2 at the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -43. The greater the transmission coefficient, the higher the efficiency of ANT1 receiving the signal transmitted by ANT2. Figure 14The provided TM10 operating mode patch antenna as receiving antenna (ANT1) and ideal monopole antenna as transmitting antenna (ANT2) transmission coefficient curves are shown. Curve a is the S-parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S-parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band is -53, which is much smaller than the -43 transmission coefficient when the two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antennas, representing a 10 dB drop in transmission coefficient. This indicates that the ANT1 and ANT2 are using... Figure 14 When the patch antenna in the TM10 operating mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance of the Bluetooth band is poor.

[0163] Please see Figure 27 , Figure 27 Is adopted Figure 14 The provided radiation pattern of the patch antenna in TM10 operating mode shows that the radiation direction of the patch antenna in TM10 operating mode is perpendicular to the human body, hence the poor transmission performance between ANT1 and ANT2.

[0164] Please see Figure 28 , Figure 28 yes Figure 19 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1), and the ideal monopole antenna is used as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0165] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 yes Figure 19 The provided radiation pattern of antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode. It can be clearly seen that antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode transmits along the on-body direction. While maintaining omnidirectional radiation, the main radiation direction is to the right. This main rightward radiation direction is due to the presence of the human head; the crawling wave is reflected at the head, thus the ANT1 radiation pattern mainly radiates to the right.

[0166] Please see Figure 30 , Figure 30 yes Figure 19 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1), and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). The tangential electric field distribution is shown. It can be clearly seen that the surface electric field propagates as a traveling wave, and the transmitted electric field decays rapidly. This also indicates that the energy received by ANT1 is mainly the surface electric field, proving that ANT2 generates a creeping wave.

[0167] Please see Figure 31, Figure 31 yes Figure 19 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1), and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S-parameter curve of ANT1, and curve b is the S-parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band is -45, which is close to the transmission coefficient of -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as the transmitting and receiving antennas. This indicates that when using the patch antenna in TM01 mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth band is good. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient is improved by more than 9 dB compared to the traditional MPA antenna, approaching that of the ideal monopole antenna. Compared to using... Figure 14 The transmission coefficient of the patch antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna (ANT2) in the TM10 operating mode is -53, which is an improvement of 9dB.

[0168] Please see Figure 32 , Figure 32 yes Figure 19 The provided antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode, the ideal monopole antenna, and the patch antenna in TM10 mode are lateral ( Figure 30 The comparison shows the transmission coefficients (from ANT1 to ANT2). Curve a represents the lateral transmission coefficient of antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode. Curve b represents the lateral transmission coefficient between patch antennas in TM10 mode. Curve c represents the lateral transmission coefficient of an ideal monopole antenna. The comparison shows that, in the Bluetooth band, the lateral transmission coefficient of antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode has reached a level very close to that of an ideal monopole antenna.

[0169] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates one of the solutions for Bluetooth lag in a pocket scenario of an electronic device 1000, namely horizontal transmission (e.g., vertical transmission of the human body).

[0170] When a user puts a foldable phone into their pants pocket, we cannot predict whether the antenna assembly 100 radiation patch 10 will still be closer to the human body than the floor 400. Therefore, we need to discuss the impact and improvement measures after the antenna assembly 100 is blocked by the human body when the phone is put into the pocket.

[0171] Please see Figure 33 , Figure 33 This is a scene diagram showing the radiating patch 10 of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 relative to the human body. At this moment, the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is completely blocked by the human body.

[0172] Referring to Figure 34 , Figure 34 is the transmission coefficient curve of the blocked TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Wherein, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2.

[0173] It can be seen that the transmission coefficient of the blocked TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is severely reduced, because being too close to the human body not only causes the antenna performance to decrease, but also causes a serious frequency deviation, at this time the resonance frequency deviation of ANT2 exceeds 1G, and the transmission coefficient decreases by more than 10dB.

[0174] Referring to Figure 35 , the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of TM01 mode antenna assemblies 100 described above, wherein the plurality of antenna assemblies 100 include a first antenna assembly 100a and a second antenna assembly 100b. The radiating patch 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a is arranged between the first back cover 312 and the first sub-floor 410; and the radiating patch 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b is arranged between the second back cover 322 and the second sub-floor 420.

[0175] Optionally, the structures of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b can be the same or different. When the structures of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b are different, the main direction of the first antenna assembly 100a is different from the main radiation direction of the first antenna assembly 100a, further compensating for the omnidirectionality of the radiation direction.

[0176] Optionally, in the folded state, the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiating patch 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a and the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiating patch 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b can be parallel or non-parallel.

[0177] Optionally, the included angle between the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiating patch 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a and the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiating patch 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the main direction of the first antenna assembly 100a is different from the main radiation direction of the first antenna assembly 100a, further compensating for the omnidirectionality of the radiation direction.

[0178] The switch control unit 600 can be electrically connected to the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b, and used to intelligently switch the working antenna of the Bluetooth signal according to the signal strength of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b.

[0179] Please refer to Figure 36 , Figure 36 is a structural diagram of the second antenna assembly 100b (ANT3) provided by the embodiment of the application. Figure 19 is a structural diagram of the first antenna assembly 100a (ANT2) provided by the embodiment of the application. ANT3 is rotated by 90 degrees in the vertical direction compared with ANT2, so as to ensure that the first antenna assembly 100a (ANT2) and the second antenna assembly 100b (ANT3) cannot be completely blocked at the same time.

[0180] Please refer to Figure 37 , Figure 37 is Figure 35 provided by the embodiment of the application. The TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 (ANT2+ANT3) is used as a transmitting antenna, and an ideal monopole antenna is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1). At this time, ANT2 is blocked by a human body, and ANT3 can work normally.

[0181] Please refer to Figure 38 , Figure 38 is Figure 35 provided by the embodiment of the application. The TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 (ANT2+ANT3) is used as a transmitting antenna, and an ideal monopole antenna is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1). The transmission coefficient curve is shown in the figure. Among them, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the S parameter curve of ANT3. Curve d is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. Curve e is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT3.

[0182] It can be seen that after adding a set of TM01 antennas to the upper and lower parts of the folding mobile phone, the transmission coefficient of each set of TM01 antennas can be ensured to be good, the Bluetooth antenna can work normally, and the function of Bluetooth optimization can be realized, and the horizontal transmission in the Bluetooth scene can be ensured not to be blocked.

[0183] The following will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment of the application is a solution to the second solution of the Bluetooth blocking of the electronic device 1000 in the pocket scene, that is, the longitudinal transmission (for example, the front-to-back transmission of the human body).

[0184] In some scenarios, the user cannot determine whether the folded mobile phone is placed in the left side or the right side of the trouser pocket. The current Bluetooth antenna cannot realize diffraction from the left thigh to the right earphone or diffraction from the right thigh to the left earphone, and thus cannot ensure that the Bluetooth earphone 2000 is not blocked.

[0185] Please refer toFigure 39 , Figure 39 This embodiment of the application provides a reference model for longitudinal transmission using two ideal monopole antennas, serving as both a transmitting and receiving antenna. ANT1 is positioned above the human body model and is a Tx antenna. ANT2 is positioned below the human body model and is an Rx antenna. ANT2 remains constant as an ideal monopole antenna, while ANT1 can be a different variable antenna in different embodiments; in this embodiment, it is a monopole antenna.

[0186] Please see Figure 40 , Figure 40 These are the longitudinal transmission coefficient curves when two ideal monopole antennas are used as the transmitting and receiving antennas. Curve a represents the S-parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b represents the S-parameter curve of ANT2. The S-parameter curves of ANT1 and ANT2 coincide. Curve c represents the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band is -35. The larger the transmission coefficient, the higher the efficiency of ANT1 in receiving the signal transmitted by ANT2.

[0187] Please see Figure 41 , Figure 41 Is adopted Figure 14 The provided TM10 operating mode features a patch antenna as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2) in a longitudinal transmission model.

[0188] Please see Figure 42 , Figure 42 Is adopted Figure 14 The provided TM10 operating mode patch antenna as receiving antenna (ANT1) and ideal monopole antenna as transmitting antenna (ANT2) longitudinal transmission coefficient curves are shown. Curve a is the S-parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S-parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band is -44, which is much smaller than the -35 transmission coefficient when the two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antennas, representing a 9 dB drop in transmission coefficient. This indicates that the ANT1 and ANT2 are operating in the 2.45 GHz Bluetooth band. Figure 14 When the patch antenna in the TM10 operating mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance of the Bluetooth band is poor.

[0189] Please see Figure 43 , Figure 43 It is a longitudinal transmission model in which the antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0190] Referring to Figure 44 , Figure 44 is a longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). In the curve a is the S parameter curve of the ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of the ANT2. Both the ANT1 and the ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between the ANT1 and the ANT2. From the curve c, it can be seen that the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ANT1 and the ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth band is -36, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient -35 of two ideal monopole antennas as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. It is illustrated that when the antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth band is better. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient is improved by more than 8dB compared with the antenna in TM10 mode. Adding a set of TM01 mode antenna to the upper and lower parts of the folding mobile phone can also ensure that a set of TM01 mode antenna has good transmission coefficient, ensure the normal work of the Bluetooth antenna, and realize the preferred role of Bluetooth, and ensure the longitudinal transmission not to be blocked in the Bluetooth scenario.

[0191] Referring to Figure 45 , Figure 45 is Figure 19 the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided by the application, an ideal monopole antenna and a patch antenna in TM10 mode. The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 in the Bluetooth band also reaches a level close to an ideal monopole antenna. Curve a is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided by the application. Figure 19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided by the application. Curve b is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna provided by the application. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the patch antenna in TM10 mode provided by the application. Figure 19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided by the application. Curve b is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna provided by the application. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the patch antenna in TM10 mode provided by the application. Figure 19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided by the application. Curve b is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna provided by the application. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the patch antenna in TM10 mode provided by the application.

[0192] Referring to Figure 46 , Figure 46 is Figure 21The transverse transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2) is provided. Wherein, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. ANT1 and ANT2 can both cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. It can be seen from curve c that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -45, which is close to the transmission coefficient -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antennas. It shows that the patch antenna in TM01 mode has good transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Figure 21 The patch antenna in TM01 mode has good transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0193] Please refer to Figure 47 , Figure 47 is Figure 21 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2) is provided. Wherein, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. ANT1 and ANT2 can both cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. It can be seen from curve c that the longitudinal transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -37, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient -35 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antennas. It shows that the patch antenna in TM01 mode has good longitudinal transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Figure 21 The patch antenna in TM01 mode has good longitudinal transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0194] Please refer to Figure 48 , Figure 48 is Figure 9 The transverse transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 in TM01 mode as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2) is provided. Wherein, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. ANT1 and ANT2 can both cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. It can be seen from curve c that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -44, which is close to the transmission coefficient -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antennas. It shows that the patch antenna in TM01 mode has good transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Figure 9 The patch antenna in TM01 mode has good transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band when it is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0195] Referring to Figure 49 , Figure 49 is Figure 9 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2) is shown in FIG. 6. In the figure, curve a is the S parameter curve of the ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of the ANT2. Both the ANT1 and the ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between the ANT1 and the ANT2. As can be seen from the curve c, the longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ANT1 and the ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth band is -36, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient -35 of two ideal monopole antennas as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. It is shown that the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided has good performance in the 2.45G Bluetooth band. Figure 9 The longitudinal transmission performance of the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 provided in the Bluetooth band is good when the TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0196] The present application provides a creeping wave antenna design concept. Taking the TM10 mode antenna as an example, a plurality of grounding points are arranged on the patch antenna to guide the generation of TM01 mode current. According to the actual simulation results of the human body model, the electric field propagates along the parallel human body direction, the transmission direction quickly attenuates, and the far-field radiation pattern also shows on-body direction transmission, realizing the creeping wave antenna design. In combination with the actual human body pocket mode scene, in order to solve the problem of the user's body blocking the antenna, a set of 90° rotated TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is added to the upper and lower parts of the folding mobile phone, ensuring that the Bluetooth antenna optimization can be realized, ensuring that both the horizontal and longitudinal transmissions have benefits, and providing a solution for the small folding mobile phone Bluetooth scene lag.

[0197] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and refinements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized by The antenna assembly comprises: a reference ground plate; a radiation patch opposite and spaced apart from the reference ground plate, the radiation patch having a length in a first direction greater than a length in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radiation patch comprising a first ground point, a feed point and a second ground point arranged in sequence along the first direction, the first ground point and the second ground point both being grounded; and a signal source electrically connected to the feed point, the signal source being configured to excite the radiation patch to form a target resonant mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band, the target resonant mode forming at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction, and an electrical length between the first ground point and a side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction being less than an electrical length between the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, and an electrical length between the second ground point and the side edge of the radiation patch along the first direction being less than an electrical length between the side edge of the radiation patch along the second direction, the side edges of the radiation patch forming a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current with the reference ground plate in the target resonant mode.

2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein, An angle between a radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the target resonant mode and a plane in which the radiation patch is located is less than or equal to 60°.

3. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein, The side edges of the radiation patch comprise a first edge, a second edge, a third edge and a fourth edge arranged in sequence, the first edge and the third edge both extending along the second direction, and the second edge and the fourth edge both extending along the first direction.

4. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein, In the target resonant mode, an electric field direction between the radiation patch and the side edges of the reference ground plate is perpendicular to the plane in which the radiation patch is located, and the electric field direction between the radiation patch and each of the side edges of the reference ground plate is the same.

5. The antenna assembly of claim 4, wherein, In the second direction, an electric field intensity between the radiation patch and the side edges of the reference ground plate first decreases and then increases.

6. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein, The target resonant mode is a TM01 mode, the annular magnetic current forms one magnetic current zero point between the first edge and the reference ground plate, forms zero magnetic current zero point between the second edge and the reference ground plate, forms one magnetic current zero point between the third edge and the reference ground plate, and forms zero magnetic current zero point between the fourth edge and the reference ground plate.

7. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein, A minimum electrical length between the first ground point and the second edge is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band, and a minimum electrical length between the first ground point and the fourth edge is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band; a minimum electrical length between the second ground point and the second edge is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band, and a minimum electrical length between the second ground point and the fourth edge is (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band.

8. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein, The minimum electrical length between the first grounding point and the first edge is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point and the third edge is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

9. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein, The electrical length between the first grounding point and the feeding point is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the second grounding point and the feeding point is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

10. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein, The feeding point is located at the geometric center of the radiating patch, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are symmetrically distributed about the feeding point.

11. The antenna assembly of any of claims 3-10, wherein, The radiating patch further comprises a third grounding point and a fourth grounding point, the third grounding point, the feeding point and the fourth grounding point are arranged in the second direction in sequence, the third grounding point and the fourth grounding point are both grounded, and the third grounding point and the fourth grounding point are used for tuning the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly. The third grounding point is located between the feeding point and the second edge, the minimum electrical length between the third grounding point and the second edge is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, the electrical length between the third grounding point and the feeding point is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, the fourth grounding point is located between the feeding point and the second edge, the electrical length between the fourth grounding point and the fourth edge is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the fourth grounding point and the feeding point is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

12. The antenna assembly of any of claims 3-10, wherein, The second edge of the radiating patch is provided with a first slot extending towards the fourth edge, the size of the first slot in the second direction is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first edge, and the first slot is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiating patch in the second direction; and / or, The fourth edge of the radiating patch is provided with a second slot extending towards the second edge, the size of the second slot in the second direction is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first edge, and the second slot is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiating patch in the second direction.

13. The antenna assembly of any of claims 3-10, wherein, The radiating patch further comprises a third slot, the third slot is arranged between the feeding point and the first grounding point, and the third slot is used to increase the electrical length of the radiating patch in the second direction; and / or, The radiating patch further comprises a fourth slot, the fourth slot is arranged between the feeding point and the first grounding point, and the fourth slot is used to increase the electrical length of the radiating patch in the second direction.

14. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises a back cover and at least one antenna assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1-13, the electronic device is used for Bluetooth signal communication with a Bluetooth earphone through the antenna assembly; the back cover is arranged opposite to the reference floor, and the back cover is located between the reference floor and the radiating patch.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, The electronic device is a foldable electronic device, the back cover includes a first back cover and a second back cover, the reference floor includes a first sub-floor and a second sub-floor, and when the electronic device is in a folded state, the first back cover, the first sub-floor, the second sub-floor and the second back cover are sequentially stacked in the thickness direction. At least one of the antenna assemblies includes a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly, the radiation patch of the first antenna assembly is arranged between the first back cover and the first sub-floor, and the radiation patch of the second antenna assembly is arranged between the second back cover and the second sub-floor.

16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein, The included angle between the central axis of the radiation patch of the first antenna assembly and the central axis of the radiation patch of the second antenna assembly is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

17. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, The antenna assembly is a first Bluetooth antenna, the electronic device further includes a second Bluetooth antenna and a switch control unit, the switch control unit is electrically connected to the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna, the switch control unit is used to switch to the first Bluetooth antenna to transmit and receive Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to a preset strength and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength; the switch control unit is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna to transmit and receive Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to the preset strength; the switch control unit is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna to transmit and receive Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna are both less than the preset strength.

Images