Method and device for predicting signal intensity of target area covered by equipment to be installed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geographic image processing, and relates to a method and device for predicting the signal intensity of a target area covered by to-be-installed equipment. The method is applied to a system comprising a to-be-installed signal transmitting device, a signal transmitting antenna connected with the signal transmitting device and a signal receiving device, and comprises the following steps: according to a signal transmitting point of the signal transmitting device, a signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and azimuth angle information of the signal transmitting antenna, determining the azimuth angle information of the signal transmitting antenna; determining an antenna gain characteristic value; according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving equipment and the shielding object, determining a path loss calculation method, and obtaining a path loss characteristic value; determining a penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating through the building material according to the indoor or outdoor position of the signal receiving equipment; and calculating a signal intensity value of the target area according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value. According to the method, the wireless signal coverage condition can be efficiently evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geographic image processing technology, and in particular to a method and device for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by equipment to be installed. Background Art

[0002] Evaluating the wireless signal coverage strength is an important part of wireless network planning, construction, optimization and maintenance. The general indicator for signal coverage evaluation in wireless cellular networks is the second synchronization signal-reference signal received power (SSS-RSRP).

[0003] At present, wireless signal coverage assessment is usually based on the electromagnetic wave propagation model. The implementation steps of this method are as follows: first, a mathematical model (including statistical models, empirical models, deterministic models and models based on machine learning algorithms) is established according to the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics to simulate and calculate the attenuation of radio electromagnetic waves from the transmitting point to the receiving point. Then, assuming that a number of receiving devices are evenly distributed in the target area, the attenuation is subtracted from the average power per resource (energy per resource element) of the transmitting device to obtain the SSS-RSRP value at the receiving device.

[0004] The theoretical principles and applicable scenarios of the above four propagation models are analyzed as follows: 1) Statistical propagation model: This type of model is represented by the COST model. Based on the statistical characteristics of path loss, the path loss is completely treated as a random variable and does not require environmental information. Therefore, the accuracy of this type of model is low and it is only suitable for simple coverage prediction in the environment (for example, sea area coverage and ground-to-air coverage).

[0005] 2) Empirical propagation model: This type of model is represented by the Hata-Okumura model, which models the path loss as a function of propagation distance, frequency, and a small amount of environmental information (scene, building, etc.). The model accuracy is slightly higher than that of the statistical model. This type of model is suitable for large-scale rough coverage prediction, such as city-level coverage prediction.

[0006] 3) Deterministic propagation model: This type of model is represented by the ray tracing model, which has a high accuracy rate, but requires detailed environmental information data and a huge amount of calculation. This type of model is suitable for fine coverage prediction of small scenes, but its calculation is very complex and inefficient.

[0007] 4) Propagation model based on machine learning algorithm: This type of model uses machine learning algorithm, inputs wireless RF equipment and environmental characteristics, outputs path loss, and trains a propagation model. Studies have shown that AI-based propagation models can achieve the accuracy of deterministic models, and even have higher accuracy than deterministic models when there is high-quality training data. Since the input and output of this type of model are customized by the user, it is more flexible and applicable to many scenarios, but the accuracy of the model is completely dependent on the quality of the training data set.

[0008] Therefore, a model that can be fast, accurate, and has low requirements on the completeness of environmental data is needed to evaluate the wireless signal coverage under different wireless network equipment installation schemes. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides a method for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed, which is used for efficiently evaluating the wireless signal coverage situation.

[0010] This plan specifically includes: The method is applied to a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device, and the method includes: Determining an antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; Determine a method for calculating the path loss according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction, and obtain a path loss characteristic value; Determine the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material according to the indoor or outdoor location of the signal receiving device; The signal strength value of the target area is calculated according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value, and the penetration loss characteristic value.

[0011] Specifically, the method for determining the antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna includes: Determine the receiving azimuth of the signal receiving device according to the signal point azimuth from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point and the antenna azimuth of the signal transmitting antenna; Determine and calculate the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth; The antenna gain characteristic value is determined according to the receiving azimuth angle and the receiving elevation angle.

[0012] Specifically, the method for determining and calculating the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth includes: When the values ​​of the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth are the same, determining the receiving elevation angle according to the signal point elevation angle from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point, and the mechanical downtilt angle and the electronic downtilt angle of the signal transmitting device; When the values ​​of the signal point azimuth angle and the antenna azimuth angle are different, the receiving elevation angle is determined according to a functional relationship among the mechanical downtilt angle, the electronic downtilt angle, the receiving azimuth angle, and the signal point elevation angle.

[0013] Specifically, the method for determining the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction includes: When the signal receiving point is located within the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission; When the signal receiving point is outside the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission.

[0014] Specifically, when the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is less than a preset critical distance, determining the path loss characteristic value according to the horizontal distance and the center frequency of the device to be installed; When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is greater than a preset critical distance, the path loss characteristic value is determined according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency, the preset critical distance and the height difference between the transmitting point and the receiving point.

[0015] Specifically, when the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: Calculate the intermediate loss value according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency of the device to be installed, and the height value of the receiving device; The largest value is taken from the intermediate loss value and the path loss characteristic value under the line-of-sight transmission condition as the path loss characteristic value under the non-line-of-sight transmission condition.

[0016] Specifically, determining the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material according to the indoor or outdoor position of the signal receiving device includes: According to the parameters and center frequency corresponding to the materials currently used in the building, determine the material penetration loss value corresponding to the material; Calculate the wall penetration loss value of the building wall according to the additional loss value caused by non-vertical penetration, the material penetration loss value and the proportion of each material in the building to the total materials; The penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material is determined according to the wall penetration loss value and the vertical distance from the signal receiving point to the wall.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed, the device being applied to a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device, the device comprising: A first determination module, configured to determine an antenna gain characteristic value according to a signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, a signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; A first calculation module, used to determine a method for calculating the path loss according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the shielding object, and to obtain a path loss characteristic value; A second determination module is used to determine a penetration loss characteristic value of a signal penetrating a building material according to a location of the signal receiving device indoors or outdoors; The second calculation module is used to calculate the signal strength value of the target area according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction is executed by the processor in any of the steps of the method for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed.

[0019] The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can evaluate the wireless signal coverage under different wireless network equipment installation schemes quickly and accurately with a model with low requirements for environmental data completeness by calculating antenna gain, path loss, penetration loss and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for predicting wireless signal coverage of a target area by a device to be installed provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the 3D antenna direction used by the transmitting device to transmit signals; Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for determining an antenna gain characteristic value provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4Grayscale images of the four antenna configurations; Figure 5 Rendering diagrams for building visualization; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the feature extraction process of path loss; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the effect after normalization processing; Figure 8 A neural network framework diagram constructed for a method for predicting wireless signal coverage of a target area by a device to be installed according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A structural diagram of a device for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0023] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "on" or "below" a second feature, etc., or the like, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0026] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0027] The present application provides a method for predicting the wireless signal coverage of a target area by a device to be installed. The method is applied to a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device. After determining the installation plan, the method can calculate the signal strength of the device to be installed to the target area to be covered, so as to evaluate whether the installation plan is suitable. Figure 1 As shown, the specific process is as follows: Step S11, determining an antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; The 3D antenna pattern used by the transmitting device to transmit signals is as follows: Figure 2As shown, according to the information in the wireless network existing base station installation work parameter database corresponding to the signal transmitting device, 10 fields related to the signal strength are selected and marked with symbols, as shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1

[0029] Among them, SSB PRE refers to the resource unit in the second synchronization block (second synchronization block per resource element), and its power intensity can be expressed by EPRE (energy per resource element). The antenna pattern includes the gain of the antenna in various directions in space, such as Figure 2 The figure shows a 3D antenna pattern. The direction in space can be expressed as azimuth. and elevation is determined, so the antenna gain in a specific direction can be written as It should be noted that the antenna gain unit in the figure is dBi, while the unit in the table is normalized to dB.

[0030] In step S11, the antenna gain characteristic value is determined by the following steps. The specific process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown: Step S31: according to the signal point azimuth from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point , and the antenna azimuth of the signal transmitting antenna (as shown in Table 1), determine the receiving azimuth of the signal receiving device ; Receiving azimuth Indicates the azimuth from the signal transmitting antenna to the kth signal receiving device.

[0031] The location information of the signal transmitting device in the rectangular coordinate system and the location information of the signal receiving device Convert to polar coordinates to get the signal point azimuth from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point .

[0032] Receiving azimuth The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] Step S32: according to the azimuth of the signal point And the antenna azimuth The numerical relationship between the signal transmitting antenna and the receiving device is determined to calculate the receiving elevation angle The specific contents are as follows:

[0034] When the signal point azimuth Antenna azimuth When they are equal, use the following formula 1 for calculation; when they are not equal, use the following formula 2 for calculation.

[0035]

[0036] where represents the elevation angle from the transmitting antenna to the kth device. and Referring to Formula 1, the position information of the signal transmitting device in the rectangular coordinate system can be obtained by and the location information of the signal receiving device Convert to polar coordinates.

[0037] Step S33: antenna gain characteristic value F According to the receiving azimuth And the receiving elevation angle Determine, the specific formula is as follows:

[0038] According to Table 1, we can know and are constants, It is a function related to the position of the receiving device.

[0039] If the target area Divide into multiple grids of 5 meters * 5 meters, and use a grayscale image to represent the antenna gain in each grid in the target area, such as Figure 4 Shown are grayscale images of four antenna configurations.

[0040] Step S12: determining a method for calculating the path loss according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the shielding object, and obtaining a path loss characteristic value.

[0041] In this step, it is necessary to determine the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction. The specific method is as follows: like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the main obstacle in the signal transmission process in the city is the building. Therefore, in the process of signal transmission, it is necessary to rely on the city building map data and consider the impact on the signal according to the characteristics of the building. The city building map data includes the material, border and height of the building. The visualization of the building border and height is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The module is shown in medium grey.

[0042] The path loss of wireless signal transmission is closely related to the frequency, obstacles along the way and the transmission distance. In order to obtain relevant information, buildings can be used as the main obstructions in the city. It is assumed that there is a point light source at the signal transmission point, and then the projection of the obstruction on the horizontal plane is calculated. The distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction is determined based on whether the signal receiving point is within the projection area formed by the projection area. The distance relationship includes line-of-sight transmission and non-line-of-sight transmission.

[0043] When the signal receiving point is within the projection area of ​​the obstruction, the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission. In the case of line-of-sight transmission, the path loss characteristic value is calculated by the following method: : When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point Less than the preset critical distance When, according to the horizontal distance The center frequency of the device to be installed , determine the path loss characteristic value , the formula is as follows:

[0044] When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point Greater than the preset critical distance When the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is , the center frequency , the preset critical distance and the height difference between the transmitting point and the receiving point Determine the path loss characteristic value , the formula is as follows:

[0045] When the signal receiving point is outside the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission. When the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission, the path loss characteristic value is determined. The method is as follows: According to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point , the horizontal distance The center frequency of the device to be installed , the height value of the receiving device Calculate the intermediate loss value , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0046] From the intermediate loss value Among the path loss characteristic values ​​under the line-of-sight transmission condition, the largest value is taken as the path loss characteristic value under the non-line-of-sight transmission condition, and the formula is as follows:

[0047] In the above formula Represents a critical distance in meters. Assuming that the height of the receiving point is 1.5m, it can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0048] in It represents the speed of light in free space m / s.

[0049] Figure 6 The feature extraction process of path loss is described. First, according to the building border ( Figure 6 a) and height to obtain the projection of the building on the point light source ( Figure 6 b), get the projection layer ( Figure 6 c), the path loss of each receiving point is calculated and then normalized into a standard grayscale image ( Figure 6 d).

[0050] Step S13, determining a penetration loss characteristic value of a signal penetrating a building material according to the indoor or outdoor location of the signal receiving device.

[0051] In this step, the building material determines the calculation result of the indoor signal strength. Therefore, the method provided in this application fully considers this point. The specific process includes: According to the parameters corresponding to the materials used in the current building ( as well as ) and center frequency , determine the material penetration loss value corresponding to the material , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0052] According to the additional loss value caused by non-vertical penetration , the material penetration loss value and the proportion of each material in the building to the total materials (For example represents the proportion of the i-th wall material to the total material), calculate the wall penetration loss value of the building wall , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0053] According to the wall penetration loss value , the vertical distance from the signal receiving point to the wall , determine the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] When the signal receiving point When outside a building = 0 , so it can also be normalized to a standard grayscale image, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0055] Step S14, calculating the signal strength value of the target area according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value.

[0056] In an urban scenario, the signal strength of a single signal receiving device can be approximately calculated using the following formula:

[0057] in and Represent the receiving power and transmitting power respectively, and Respectively represent the gains of the signal transmitting antenna and the signal receiving antenna, represents the gain brought by the beamforming of the signal transmitting antenna, and Respectively represent the system losses of the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device, represents the path loss during electromagnetic wave propagation. Indicates the indoor loss caused by the building structure when the receiving device is indoors. Indicates human body loss, Indicates rain decline. represents the signal attenuation caused by plants, Indicates other environmental factors such as delay spread.

[0058] We use Represents the target area. First, we divide the target area into There are 5-meter grids, and the center point of the kth grid can be expressed in three-dimensional coordinates. , assuming that there is a signal receiving device at the center of each grid, we use represents the reference signal receiving power of the second synchronization signal of the receiving device in the kth grid point. Then, for the method of predicting the signal strength of the target area covered by the device to be installed: calculate the signal strength value of the target area .

[0059] We use Representation calculation The part of the process related to the equipment installation plan, including and ; use Representation calculation The part of the process that is related to both the equipment installation plan and environmental data, including and ; Use a random variable Representation calculation The random or time-dependent parts of the process include , , , , , , and . therefore, The calculation formula can be written as:

[0060] From the above process, we can see Related to the antenna gain characteristic value, It is related to the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material, so the signal strength value of the target area can be calculated according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value.

[0061] In order to cooperate with the technical solution proposed by the present invention, a corresponding neural network framework is built, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, after the geographical data of the wireless network transmission equipment working environment is processed into a standard grayscale image according to the above process, it is input into three convolutional layers respectively. After passing through the MaxPooling and Flatten layers, it is aggregated together. After passing through the fully connected layer, an image with the same latitude as the input grayscale image is output. This image contains the SSS-RSRP of each grid point in the target area.

[0062] In order to verify the model's ability to predict the signal strength of the target area covered by the equipment to be installed, the SSS-RSRP calculated by ray tracing model simulation is used as the output result of the model training set. This patent focuses on the impact of different network equipment installation schemes on coverage. Therefore, according to the value range of the important parameters in Table 1 above, different parameter combinations are selected from the value range to generate the SSS-RSRP value of the target area based on the ray tracing model. The parameter value range and sampling method are listed in Table 2. There are 27,648 combinations, that is, 27,648 sets of training data are generated. After the training is completed, the trained model can be used to quickly predict the coverage effect of the unknown network equipment installation scheme on the target area.

[0063] Table 2

[0064] The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can evaluate the wireless signal coverage under different wireless network equipment installation schemes quickly and accurately with a model with low requirements for environmental data completeness by calculating antenna gain, path loss, penetration loss and the like.

[0065] like Fig. 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed, the device being used in a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device, the device comprising: A first determining module 91 is used to determine an antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmitting point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; A first calculation module 92, configured to determine a method for calculating a path loss according to a distance relationship between a signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and an obstruction, and to obtain a path loss characteristic value; A second determination module 93 is used to determine a penetration loss characteristic value of a signal penetrating a building material according to a location of the signal receiving device indoors or outdoors; The second calculation module 94 is used to calculate the signal strength value of the target area according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value.

[0066] The first determining module 91 is specifically used for: The receiving azimuth of the signal receiving device is determined according to the signal point azimuth from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point and the antenna azimuth of the signal transmitting antenna; the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device is calculated according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth; the antenna gain characteristic value is determined according to the receiving azimuth and the receiving elevation angle.

[0067] The method of determining and calculating the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth includes: When the values ​​of the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth are the same, the receiving elevation angle is determined based on the signal point elevation angle from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point, and the mechanical downtilt angle and the electronic downtilt angle of the signal transmitting device; when the values ​​of the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth are different, the receiving elevation angle is determined based on the functional relationship among the mechanical downtilt angle, the electronic downtilt angle, the receiving azimuth angle and the signal point elevation angle.

[0068] The first calculation module 92 is specifically used for: When the signal receiving point is located within the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission; When the signal receiving point is outside the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission.

[0069] Wherein, when the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is less than a preset critical distance, determining the path loss characteristic value according to the horizontal distance and the center frequency of the device to be installed; When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is greater than a preset critical distance, the path loss characteristic value is determined according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency, the preset critical distance and the height difference between the transmitting point and the receiving point.

[0070] Wherein, when the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: Calculate the intermediate loss value according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency of the device to be installed, and the height value of the receiving device; The largest value is taken from the intermediate loss value and the path loss characteristic value under the line-of-sight transmission condition as the path loss characteristic value under the non-line-of-sight transmission condition.

[0071] The second determining module 93 is specifically used for: According to the parameters and center frequency corresponding to the materials currently used in the building, determine the material penetration loss value corresponding to the material; Calculate the wall penetration loss value of the building wall according to the additional loss value caused by non-vertical penetration, the material penetration loss value and the proportion of each material in the building to the total materials; The penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material is determined according to the wall penetration loss value and the vertical distance from the signal receiving point to the wall.

[0072] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0073] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed, the method being applied to a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining an antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; Determine a method for calculating the path loss according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction, and obtain a path loss characteristic value; Determine the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material according to the indoor or outdoor location of the signal receiving device; The signal strength value of the target area is calculated according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value, and the penetration loss characteristic value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for determining the antenna gain characteristic value according to the signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna includes: Determine the receiving azimuth of the signal receiving device according to the signal point azimuth from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point and the antenna azimuth of the signal transmitting antenna; Determine and calculate the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth; The antenna gain characteristic value is determined according to the receiving azimuth angle and the receiving elevation angle.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method for determining and calculating the receiving elevation angle from the signal transmitting antenna to the receiving device according to the numerical relationship between the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth includes: When the values ​​of the signal point azimuth and the antenna azimuth are the same, determining the receiving elevation angle according to the signal point elevation angle from the signal transmitting point to the signal receiving point, and the mechanical downtilt angle and the electronic downtilt angle of the signal transmitting device; When the values ​​of the signal point azimuth angle and the antenna azimuth angle are different, the receiving elevation angle is determined according to a functional relationship among the mechanical downtilt angle, the electronic downtilt angle, the receiving azimuth angle, and the signal point elevation angle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for determining the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the obstruction includes: When the signal receiving point is located within the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission; When the signal receiving point is outside the projection area of ​​the shielding object, the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the distance relationship is line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is less than a preset critical distance, determining the path loss characteristic value according to the horizontal distance and the center frequency of the device to be installed; When the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point is greater than a preset critical distance, the path loss characteristic value is determined according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency, the preset critical distance and the height difference between the transmitting point and the receiving point.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the distance relationship is non-line-of-sight transmission, the method for determining the path loss characteristic value includes: Calculate the intermediate loss value according to the spatial distance between the signal transmitting point and the signal receiving point, the center frequency of the device to be installed, and the height value of the receiving device; The largest value is taken from the intermediate loss value and the path loss characteristic value under the line-of-sight transmission condition as the path loss characteristic value under the non-line-of-sight transmission condition.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material according to the indoor or outdoor position of the signal receiving device includes: According to the parameters and center frequency corresponding to the materials currently used in the building, determine the material penetration loss value corresponding to the material; Calculate the wall penetration loss value of the building wall according to the additional loss value caused by non-vertical penetration, the material penetration loss value and the proportion of each material in the building to the total materials; The penetration loss characteristic value of the signal penetrating the building material is determined according to the wall penetration loss value and the vertical distance from the signal receiving point to the wall.

8. A device for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed, the device being applied to a system including a signal transmitting device to be installed, a signal transmitting antenna connected to the signal transmitting device, and a signal receiving device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first determination module, configured to determine an antenna gain characteristic value according to a signal transmission point of the signal transmitting device, a signal receiving point of the signal receiving device, and azimuth information of the signal transmitting antenna; A first calculation module, used to determine a method for calculating the path loss according to the distance relationship between the signal receiving point of the signal receiving device and the shielding object, and to obtain a path loss characteristic value; A second determination module is used to determine a penetration loss characteristic value of a signal penetrating a building material according to a location of the signal receiving device indoors or outdoors; The second calculation module is used to calculate the signal strength value of the target area according to the antenna gain characteristic value, the path loss characteristic value and the penetration loss characteristic value.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction is executed by the processor to perform the steps of a method for predicting the signal strength of a target area covered by a device to be installed as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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