A slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The present application discloses a monitoring and early warning device for slope landslide and bridge collapse disasters, belonging to the field of geological monitoring technology. The method includes: in the case of monitoring and early warning of slope landslide disasters, the sensing line is laid on the slope through the longitude or latitude; in the case of monitoring and early warning of bridge collapse disasters, the sensing line is laid around each beam piece and forms an intersection with the beam piece; in the case of no landslide on the slope or no collapse of the bridge, the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is in the first state; in the case of landslide on the slope or collapse of the bridge, the sensing line is broken, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in the second state through the voltage detection circuit; in the case of a short circuit in the sensing line, the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in the third state through the voltage detection circuit. This method can warn of the situation that the broken line may be short-circuited in the water accumulation area, and has high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of geological monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a monitoring and early warning device for slope landslide and bridge collapse disasters. Background Art

[0002] In natural disaster monitoring and early warning systems, especially in the early warning of disasters such as landslides, collapses and bridge collapses, accurate and timely detection of signs of disasters is crucial to prevent and reduce disaster losses. In recent years, with the development of the Internet of Things and sensor technology, early warning methods based on circuit monitoring have been widely used in disaster detection.

[0003] In existing technologies, lines are laid on sections of roads or structures prone to landslides or bridge collapses, and the voltage state at both ends of the lines is measured after power is turned on. When a disaster causes deformation of the soil or structure, the laid circuit may be broken, resulting in voltage at both ends of the line. When voltage is detected at both ends of the line, an early warning of landslide or collapse is triggered.

[0004] However, in thunderstorms, the broken lines may short-circuit in the water, resulting in misjudgment of missed warnings, and have the defect of low reliability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device, which can warn of the possibility of a short circuit of a broken line in a waterlogged area, and has high reliability.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device, the device comprising:

[0007] break monitors, resistor boxes and sense circuits;

[0008] The circuit breaker monitor comprises a voltage divider circuit and a voltage detection circuit, wherein the voltage divider circuit comprises a first-stage voltage divider resistor and a second-stage voltage divider resistor;

[0009] One end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the positive voltage terminal, the other end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the first wiring terminal of the circuit break monitor, one end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is grounded, and the other end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the second wiring terminal of the circuit break monitor;

[0010] The first detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the first wiring terminal, and the second detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the second wiring terminal to detect the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal;

[0011] In the case of monitoring and early warning of slope landslide disasters, the sensing line is laid out on the slope through longitude or latitude;

[0012] In the case of monitoring and early warning of bridge collapse disasters, the sensing line is arranged around each beam of the bridge to form an intersection with the beam;

[0013] In the case that the slope does not slide or the bridge does not collapse, the voltage detection circuit determines that the first terminal is connected to the second terminal through the sensing circuit and the resistance box, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is in a first state;

[0014] In the case where the slope has landslide or the bridge has collapsed, the sensing line is broken, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in a second state through the voltage detection circuit;

[0015] In the case that a short circuit occurs in the sensing circuit, the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal is determined to be in a third state through the voltage detection circuit.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the voltage detection circuit includes a protection circuit, an isolation follower circuit and a sampling circuit connected in sequence, and the protection circuit includes a protection module, a signal amplification module and a photoelectric isolation module connected in sequence;

[0017] The protection module is used to clamp the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal and output a first voltage signal;

[0018] The signal amplification module is used to amplify the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal;

[0019] The photoelectric isolation module is used to convert the second voltage signal into a photoelectric signal and output a third voltage signal;

[0020] The isolation follower circuit is used to provide a high input impedance and a low output impedance to the third voltage signal, and output a fourth voltage signal;

[0021] The sampling circuit is used to sample the fourth voltage signal to determine the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first input end of the protection module is connected to the first wiring terminal, the second input end of the protection module is connected to the second wiring terminal, and the protection module includes a varistor R8p, a varistor R9p, a varistor R16p, a discharge tube TV3, a discharge tube TV4, a fuse F1p, a fuse F2p, an inductor L1p, an inductor L2p, a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p, and a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p;

[0023] The first input end of the protection module is respectively connected to one end of the varistor R8p, one end of the varistor R9p, and one end of the fuse F1p;

[0024] The other end of the varistor R8p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV3, the other end of the fuse F1p is connected to the first output end of the protection module through the inductor L1p, and the first output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p;

[0025] The second input end of the protection module is respectively connected to the other end of the varistor R9p, one end of the varistor R16p, and one end of the fuse F2p;

[0026] The other end of the varistor R16p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV4, the other end of the fuse F2p is connected to the second output end of the protection module through the inductor L2p, and the second output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present application, the signal amplification module includes a voltage-dividing resistor R11p, a voltage-dividing resistor R12p, a voltage-dividing resistor R19p, a voltage-dividing resistor R20p, a diode D2p, a diode D3p, a diode D5p, a diode D6p, a resistor R13p, a resistor R14p, a resistor R21p, a resistor R22p, a resistor R63p, a resistor R64p, a resistor R15p, a resistor R23p, a capacitor C3p, a capacitor C4p, a capacitor C5p, a capacitor C6p, a capacitor C7p, an operational amplifier U2pA, and an operational amplifier U2pB;

[0028] The first input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the first output end of the protection module, and the second input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the second output end of the protection module;

[0029] The first input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R12p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p through the reverse-connected diode D2p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D3p;

[0030] The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is connected to one end of the resistor R13p, the other end of the resistor R13p is grounded through the capacitor C3p, the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pA through the resistor R14p, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the positive voltage VCC_5P, and is grounded through the capacitor C4p; the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the first output end AD_CHP11 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R63p;

[0031] The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA through the capacitor C5p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the first input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R15p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the second input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module.

[0032] The second input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R20p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p through the reverse-connected diode D5p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D6p;

[0033] The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is connected to one end of the resistor R21p, the other end of the resistor R21p is grounded through the capacitor C6p, and the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pB through the resistor R22p; the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the second output end AD_CHP12 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R64p;

[0034] The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB through the capacitor C7p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the third input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module through the resistor R23p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the fourth input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric isolation module includes a first photoelectric coupler and a second photoelectric coupler, the first photoelectric coupler includes a first light-emitting tube, a first photosensitive tube and a second photosensitive tube, and the second photoelectric coupler includes a second light-emitting tube, a third photosensitive tube and a fourth photosensitive tube;

[0036] The first input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first light-emitting tube, and the anode of the first light-emitting tube is grounded;

[0037] The second input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first photosensitive tube, and the anode of the first photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0038] The cathode of the second photosensitive tube is connected to the first output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the second photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0039] The third input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the second light-emitting tube, and the anode of the second light-emitting tube is grounded;

[0040] The fourth input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the third photosensitive tube, and the anode of the third photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0041] The cathode of the fourth photosensitive tube is connected to the second output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the fourth photosensitive tube is grounded.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the present application, the isolation follower circuit includes a first isolation follower module and a second isolation follower module;

[0043] The first input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the first isolation follower module, and the first output end AD_CH11 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module;

[0044] The second input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the second isolation follower module, and the second output end AD_CH12 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module;

[0045] The first isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23A, a resistor R51p, a resistor R67p, a resistor R59p, an adjustable resistor R52p, a capacitor C13p, a capacitor C15p, and a capacitor C20p;

[0046] The input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23A, the input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through a capacitor C15p and a resistor R51p connected in parallel, the input end of the first isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through an adjustable resistor R52p and a resistor R67p, the output end of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module through a resistor R59p, and the output end of the first isolation follower module is grounded through a capacitor C20p;

[0047] The positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive voltage VDD_DVIO, and the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is grounded through the capacitor C13p;

[0048] The negative terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U23A and is grounded;

[0049] The second isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23B, a resistor R53p, a resistor R68p, a resistor R60p, an adjustable resistor R54p, a capacitor C16p, and a capacitor C21p;

[0050] The input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23B, the input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the capacitor C16p and the resistor R53p connected in parallel, the input end of the second isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the adjustable resistor R54p and the resistor R68p, the output end of the operational amplifier U23B is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module through the resistor R60p, and the output end of the second isolation follower module is grounded through the capacitor C21p;

[0051] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U23B is connected to ground.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present application, the resistance value of the resistance box is the same as the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor and the resistance value of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first terminal and the second terminal of the circuit breaker monitor are further connected via a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present application, the sensing circuit includes a shielded twisted pair cable; the shielded twisted pair cable includes a twisted pair cable and a shielding layer wrapped around the outside of the twisted pair cable.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shielded twisted pair cables are connected via a plug-in connector, and the ultimate tensile strength of the plug-in connector is lower than the ultimate tensile strength of the shielded twisted pair cables.

[0056] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application.

[0057] The present application provides a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0058] (1) Through precise voltage monitoring and status judgment mechanism, the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal can be used to distinguish between normal operation, line break and short circuit, avoiding misjudgment caused by external interference such as environmental factors and equipment aging. It can warn of possible short circuits in waterlogged areas or broken copper wires after the broken line. It has high reliability. The sensing line is laid out through longitude and latitude lines or beams to achieve all-round monitoring of slopes and bridges. It can quickly perceive macroscopic changes in structures and improve the perception of disaster events. The voltage divider circuit and multi-voltage state detection are used to reduce errors caused by a single monitoring method. Multiple voltage state judgment methods are provided, thereby improving the reliability and robustness of the device, accurately identifying faults such as line breakage and short circuit, reducing false alarms caused by environmental changes or other non-disaster factors, and ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of warning information. The device is suitable for two different types of disaster warnings: slope landslides and bridge collapses. The sensing line layout is flexible and can be adjusted according to different environments to meet various disaster monitoring needs, providing a more stable and efficient solution for disaster monitoring and warning.

[0059] (2) A three-level protection is formed by varistors, discharge tubes, fuses, inductors and semiconductor bidirectional TVS diodes to clamp the voltage. The first level of protection effectively suppresses high-voltage surge voltages caused by lightning and other factors to ensure circuit safety. The second level of protection limits overcurrent and sudden current to further protect the circuit from damage. The third level of protection ensures that the overvoltage will not exceed the circuit's tolerance limit, providing the last safety barrier to prevent the output first voltage signal from damaging the signal amplification module. It provides strong protection against various electrical interferences such as surge voltage, overcurrent, and overvoltage, which can effectively ensure the safety and stability of subsequent circuits and improve the reliability of the system in complex environments.

[0060] (3) This application uses shielded twisted pair cables as a sensing means. Compared with the use of inclinometers as a sensing means for slope and bridge disaster monitoring, the coverage area is a line or a surface, rather than a point-like coverage. It has the advantages of a single device with a wide coverage area, a wide range of applicable scenarios, and a low overall cost. Compared with distributed optical fiber sensing technology, this application has the advantages of convenient laying, strong line shear resistance, low false alarm rate, and low cost of a single acquisition device. Compared with the technical route of using a combination of wire ropes and displacement meters, it has no mechanical structure, the line is easier to break (high sensitivity), can be installed by groove or buried, and has a stronger ability to resist damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0062] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage divider circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sensing line on the slope provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a counterweight block provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the layout of the sensing line on the T-beam bridge provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 6 is a top view of the layout of the sensing line on the T-beam bridge provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sensing circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application on other bridge types;

[0069] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a first isolation follower module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of a second isolation follower module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the circuit breaker monitor provided in the embodiment of the present application and the resistance box through the sensing line;

[0074] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breakable joint provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the resistor box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Description of Reference Numerals

[0077] A circuit breaker monitor 110 ; a voltage divider circuit 111 ; a voltage detection circuit 112 ; a resistor box 120 ; and a sensing circuit 130 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0080] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, the slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device includes:

[0082] A circuit breaker monitor 110, a resistor box 120, and a sensing circuit 130;

[0083] The circuit breaker monitor 110 includes a voltage divider circuit 111 and a voltage detection circuit 112, wherein the voltage divider circuit 111 includes a first-stage voltage divider resistor and a second-stage voltage divider resistor;

[0084] One end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the positive voltage terminal VCC_12P, the other end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the first terminal of the circuit break monitor 110, one end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is grounded to PGND, and the other end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the second terminal of the circuit break monitor 110;

[0085] The first detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit 112 is connected to the first wiring terminal, and the second detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit 112 is connected to the second wiring terminal to detect the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal;

[0086] In the case of monitoring and early warning of slope landslide disasters, the sensing line 130 is laid out on the slope through longitude or latitude;

[0087] In the case of monitoring and early warning of bridge collapse disasters, the sensing line 130 is arranged around each beam of the bridge to form an intersection with the beam;

[0088] In the case that the slope does not slide or the bridge does not collapse, the first terminal is connected to the second terminal through the sensing circuit 130 and the resistor box, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in a first state through the voltage detection circuit 112;

[0089] In the case where the slope has landslide or the bridge has collapsed, the sensing circuit 130 is broken, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in the second state through the voltage detection circuit 112;

[0090] In the case that a short circuit occurs in the sensing circuit, the voltage detection circuit 112 determines that the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is in a third state.

[0091] like Figure 2 As shown, the positive voltage terminal is VCC_12P, the ground terminal is PGND, the first voltage-dividing resistor is the series-connected resistors R1p and R2p, the second voltage-dividing resistor is the series-connected resistors R5p and R6p, R1p, R2p, R5p and R6p are all 15kΩ, the first wiring terminal is pin No. 1 CHECK_11_OUT of CH1, the second wiring terminal is pin No. 2 CHECK_12_OUT of CH1, and a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D13p, model SMBJ15CA, is connected between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal.

[0092] In the existing technology, the optical fiber is arranged horizontally, which is prone to the defect of incomplete detection.

[0093] like Figure 3 As shown, the frame beam slope is fixed with dry hanging glue and expansion bolts. In the case of disaster warning for slope landslide, the sensing line 130 is laid out on the slope in two ways: longitude and latitude. The latitude is laid along the slope steps in a horizontal S shape; the longitude radiates along the longitudinal structure of the slope in a longitudinal S shape. The sensing line 130 forms a wide coverage network on the slope.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, for soil slopes, a counterweight block is set for the equipment cable (sensing line 130) every 5 meters. The counterweight block is a concrete block with a side length of 50 cm. The sensing line 130 is cast in one piece on site.

[0095] In the event of landslide or partial collapse of the slope, the weight of the counterweight breaks the sensing circuit 130, and the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 112 changes suddenly from the first state to the second state, thereby issuing a landslide alarm.

[0096] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the sensing line is laid in a row on the T-beam bridge, and the line fixing points are set on the cap beam. This method can ensure that the fall of any beam can trigger the circuit breaker monitor to alarm the bridge collapse.

[0097] like Figure 7 As shown, the sensing line is laid along the outside of the guardrail on other bridge types and fixedly bonded to the guardrail.

[0098] In the event of a bridge collapse, the sensing line 130 is broken, and the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 112 changes suddenly from the first state to the second state, and a landslide alarm is issued.

[0099] It can be understood that the first state is used to represent the normal state. When the slope or bridge structure is normal, the sensing line 130 is connected to the resistance box 120, and the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 112 remains at the voltage value corresponding to the first state, indicating that the line is normal and no disaster has occurred.

[0100] The second state is used to characterize the line break state. When the sensing line 130 breaks due to landslide or collapse, the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 112 jumps from the first state to the second state, so that the circuit breaker monitor can determine that the current situation is a "line break" state and trigger a disaster warning. The voltage value of the second state is equal to the voltage value of the positive voltage terminal.

[0101] The third state is used to characterize the short circuit state. If the sensing line 130 is short-circuited, the voltage detection circuit 112 will detect that the voltage at both ends is in the third state. The third state will be "zero voltage" or low voltage, indicating that the line is short-circuited, and the circuit breaker monitor will also trigger an alarm. It can warn of the possibility that the broken line may be short-circuited in the water accumulation area, and has high reliability.

[0102] The resistor box 120 provides a suitable resistor network during the layout of the sensing line 130, which helps to improve the stability of the line and ensures that the voltage detection circuit can accurately reflect the line status. When the sensing line 130 changes, the impedance value provided by the resistor box can help accurately determine whether the line is broken or short-circuited.

[0103] According to a slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device provided by the embodiment of the present application, through accurate voltage monitoring and state judgment mechanism, the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal can be used to distinguish normal operation, line breakage and short circuit state, avoiding misjudgment caused by external interference such as environmental factors and equipment aging, and can warn of the situation that the broken line may be short-circuited in the water accumulation or the copper wires are broken after the line is broken. The reliability is high, and the sensing line is laid out through the longitude and latitude lines or beams to realize all-round monitoring of slopes and bridges, and can quickly perceive the macroscopic changes of the structure, improve the perception ability of disaster events, adopt voltage divider circuits and multi-voltage state detection, reduce the errors caused by a single monitoring method, provide multiple voltage state judgment methods, thereby improving the reliability and robustness of the device, accurately identify faults such as line breakage and short circuit, reduce false alarms caused by environmental changes or other non-disaster factors, and ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the early warning information. The device is suitable for early warning of two different types of disasters, namely slope landslide and bridge collapse. The sensing line layout is flexible and can be adjusted according to different environments to meet various monitoring needs, providing a more stable and efficient solution for disaster early warning.

[0104] In some embodiments, the voltage detection circuit includes a protection circuit, an isolation follower circuit and a sampling circuit connected in sequence, and the protection circuit includes a protection module, a signal amplification module and a photoelectric isolation module connected in sequence;

[0105] The protection module is used to clamp the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal and output a first voltage signal;

[0106] The signal amplification module is used to amplify the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal;

[0107] The photoelectric isolation module is used to convert the second voltage signal into a photoelectric signal and output a third voltage signal;

[0108] The isolation follower circuit is used to provide a high input impedance and a low output impedance to the third voltage signal, and output a fourth voltage signal;

[0109] The sampling circuit is used to sample the fourth voltage signal to determine the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal.

[0110] In the protection circuit, when the input voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal exceeds a certain safety range, the protection module limits the maximum or minimum value of the voltage, thereby protecting the subsequent circuit from damage and outputting a first voltage signal;

[0111] The signal amplification module performs amplitude enhancement on the first voltage signal, and the obtained second voltage signal has high processability;

[0112] The photoelectric isolation module can prevent the high voltage or interference at the input end from affecting the sampling circuit through photoelectric isolation. It can realize the photoelectric conversion of the signal through the optical coupler, ensure the safety and stability of the second voltage signal during transmission, and output the third voltage signal.

[0113] The isolation follower circuit ensures that the circuit does not absorb too much current when inputting a signal, thereby avoiding load influence on the input signal, and can effectively drive the subsequent circuit to output a fourth voltage signal that is the same as the third voltage signal;

[0114] The sampling circuit may include components such as an ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a sample-and-hold circuit, etc., and may be capable of sampling the fourth voltage signal and converting the analog voltage signal into a digital signal for further processing or display.

[0115] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the first input end of the protection module is connected to the first wiring terminal, the second input end of the protection module is connected to the second wiring terminal, and the protection module includes a varistor R8p, a varistor R9p, a varistor R16p, a discharge tube TV3, a discharge tube TV4, a fuse F1p, a fuse F2p, an inductor L1p, an inductor L2p, a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p, and a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p;

[0116] The first input end of the protection module is respectively connected to one end of the varistor R8p, one end of the varistor R9p, and one end of the fuse F1p;

[0117] The other end of the varistor R8p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV3, the other end of the fuse F1p is connected to the first output end of the protection module through the inductor L1p, and the first output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p;

[0118] The second input end of the protection module is respectively connected to the other end of the varistor R9p, one end of the varistor R16p, and one end of the fuse F2p;

[0119] The other end of the varistor R16p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV4, the other end of the fuse F2p is connected to the second output end of the protection module through the inductor L2p, and the second output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p.

[0120] The first input terminal of the protection module is connected to CHECK_11_OUT, the second input terminal is connected to CHECK_12_OUT, the first output terminal of the protection circuit is connected to CHECK_11, and the second output terminal is connected to CHECK_12.

[0121] Among them, the model of R8p, R9p, and R16p is 14D820K, the model of the discharge tube TV3 and the discharge tube TV4 is 2R090L, the model of the fuse F1p and the fuse F2p is SMD1812P010TF, the inductor L1p and the inductor L2p are 150uH, and the model of the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p and the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p is SMBJ15CA.

[0122] In actual implementation, the protection module varistors R8p, R9p, R16p, discharge tubes TV3 and TV4 form a first level of protection for preventing surge voltages caused by lightning and other factors.

[0123] The three varistors R8p, R9p and R16p constitute the common mode and differential mode, with a threshold voltage of 82V. When high voltage is connected (the voltage exceeds 82V), they will be short-circuited if they are broken down. They can be restored when the threshold voltage does not exceed 82V. The discharge tube TV3 is open-circuited under normal circumstances.

[0124] When a surge voltage is generated between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal, a voltage difference is generated between CHECK_21_OUT and CHECK_22_OUT as a differential signal, triggering the threshold protection of the varistor, and the varistors R8p, R9p, and R16p are short-circuited;

[0125] In the case of high voltage generated by pin 1 of CH1, discharge tube TV3 breaks down, and the surge voltage is discharged to the ground through varistor R8p and discharge tube TV3; in the case of high voltage generated by pin 2 of CH1, discharge tube TV4 breaks down, and the surge voltage is discharged to the ground through varistor R16p and discharge tube TV4. The surge voltage passes through the common mode and differential mode protection of the varistor, and forms the first level of protection in combination with the discharge tube;

[0126] Although the varistor will break down at 82V, the surge voltage is generally several thousand volts. In actual applications, there may be a certain amount of discharge voltage that will act on the inductor L1p and the inductor L2p. Correspondingly, the protection module is provided with a second level of protection.

[0127] The self-recoverable fuse F1p, fuse F2p, and inductor L1p, inductor L2p, fuse F1p, fuse F2p limit the protection current to 10mA, and can perform over-current protection. Inductor L1p, inductor L2p have a restraining effect on sudden current, and through electromagnetic induction, they generate opposite electromotive force to limit the sudden current.

[0128] In the third level protection, the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p and the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p clamp the high voltage exceeding 15V at 15V, limiting the high voltage within a tolerable range. The first output end of the protection circuit is connected to CHECK_11, and the second output end is connected to CHECK_12 to output the first voltage signal.

[0129] The first level of protection uses varistors and discharge tubes to form differential and common mode discharge circuits. When a surge or high voltage such as induction occurs in the line input, discharge to the ground will be achieved in this part and the voltage limit will be reduced to the specified voltage.

[0130] The second level of protection uses a resettable fuse to limit the input current. If the current exceeds the limit, the fuse will disconnect and cut off the input circuit. When the input current decreases, the fuse will automatically restore the connection.

[0131] The third level of protection is the clamping protection function of the TVS tube. The TVS tube clamps the input exceeding the limit voltage to the specified voltage to achieve surge overvoltage protection. The main control circuit transmits the voltage signal and isolates the subsequent stage of protection through the isolation optocoupler circuit for the input voltage, clamping the voltage at 15V.

[0132] In this embodiment, three-level protection is formed by varistors, discharge tubes, fuses, inductors and semiconductor bidirectional TVS diodes to clamp the voltage. The first-level protection effectively suppresses high-voltage surge voltages caused by lightning and other factors to ensure circuit safety. The second-level protection limits overcurrent and sudden current to further protect the circuit from damage. The third-level protection ensures that the overvoltage will not exceed the circuit's tolerance limit, providing the last safety barrier to prevent the output first voltage signal from damaging the signal amplification module, providing strong protection against various electrical interferences such as surge voltage, overcurrent, and overvoltage, and can effectively ensure the safety and stability of subsequent circuits, and improve the reliability of the system in complex environments.

[0133] In some embodiments, the signal amplification module includes a voltage-dividing resistor R11p, a voltage-dividing resistor R12p, a voltage-dividing resistor R19p, a voltage-dividing resistor R20p, a diode D2p, a diode D3p, a diode D5p, a diode D6p, a resistor R13p, a resistor R14p, a resistor R21p, a resistor R22p, a resistor R63p, a resistor R64p, a resistor R15p, a resistor R23p, a capacitor C3p, a capacitor C4p, a capacitor C5p, a capacitor C6p, a capacitor C7p, an operational amplifier U2pA, and an operational amplifier U2pB;

[0134] The first input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the first output end of the protection module, and the second input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the second output end of the protection module;

[0135] The first input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R12p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p through the reverse-connected diode D2p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D3p;

[0136] The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is connected to one end of the resistor R13p, the other end of the resistor R13p is grounded through the capacitor C3p, the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pA through the resistor R14p, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the positive voltage VCC_5P, and is grounded through the capacitor C4p; the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the first output end AD_CHP11 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R63p;

[0137] The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA through the capacitor C5p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the first input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R15p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the second input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module.

[0138] The second input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R20p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p through the reverse-connected diode D5p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D6p;

[0139] The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is connected to one end of the resistor R21p, the other end of the resistor R21p is grounded through the capacitor C6p, and the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pB through the resistor R22p; the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the second output end AD_CHP12 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R64p;

[0140] The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB through the capacitor C7p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the third input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module through the resistor R23p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the fourth input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module.

[0141] The resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is 27 kΩ, the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor R12p is 3 kΩ, the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is 27 kΩ, and the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor R20p is 3 kΩ.

[0142] The diode D2p, the diode D3p, the diode D5p, and the diode D6p are all of model IN4148WS.

[0143] The resistance value of resistor R13p is 100Ω, the resistance value of resistor R14p is 51kΩ, the resistance value of resistor R21p is 100Ω, the resistance value of resistor R22p is 51kΩ, the resistance value of resistor R63p is NC (0Ω), the resistance value of resistor R64p is NC (0Ω), the resistance value of resistor R15p is 470Ω, and the resistance value of resistor R23p is 470Ω.

[0144] The capacitance of the capacitor C3p is 22 nF, the capacitance of the capacitor C4p is 100 nF, the capacitance of the capacitor C5p is 1 nF, the capacitance of the capacitor C6p is 22 nF, and the capacitance of the capacitor C7p is 1 nF.

[0145] The operational amplifier U2pA and the operational amplifier U2pB are both rail-to-rail amplifiers TLV2333IDGKR.

[0146] RC filtering is formed between the resistor R13p and the capacitor C3p, and between the resistor R21p and the capacitor C6p.

[0147] In this embodiment, a voltage division of 1 / 10 can be performed through the combination of the voltage dividing resistors R11p, R12p, R19p, and R20p, forming a voltage follower circuit on the operational amplifier to achieve negative feedback.

[0148] In some embodiments, the photoelectric isolation module includes a first photocoupler and a second photocoupler, the first photocoupler includes a first light-emitting tube, a first photosensitive tube and a second photosensitive tube, and the second photocoupler includes a second light-emitting tube, a third photosensitive tube and a fourth photosensitive tube;

[0149] The first input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first light-emitting tube, and the anode of the first light-emitting tube is grounded;

[0150] The second input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first photosensitive tube, and the anode of the first photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0151] The cathode of the second photosensitive tube is connected to the first output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the second photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0152] The third input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the second light-emitting tube, and the anode of the second light-emitting tube is grounded;

[0153] The fourth input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the third photosensitive tube, and the anode of the third photosensitive tube is grounded;

[0154] The cathode of the fourth photosensitive tube is connected to the second output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the fourth photosensitive tube is grounded.

[0155] The light intensity of the first light emitting tube and the second light emitting tube will change according to the change of the second voltage signal intensity, and the light intensity of the first light emitting tube and the second light emitting tube is reflected on the conductivity between the 5th and 6th pins of the first photoelectric coupler and the second photoelectric coupler.

[0156] In this embodiment, the photoelectric isolation module can filter the interference signal, isolate the interference signal, realize filtering, effectively deal with the interference of the high-voltage signal on the sampling, and avoid damage to the sampling circuit.

[0157] In some embodiments, the isolation follower circuit includes a first isolation follower module and a second isolation follower module;

[0158] The first input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the first isolation follower module, and the first output end AD_CH11 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module;

[0159] The second input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the second isolation follower module, and the second output end AD_CH12 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module;

[0160] like Fig. 9 As shown, the first isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23A, a resistor R51p, a resistor R67p, a resistor R59p, an adjustable resistor R52p, a capacitor C13p, a capacitor C15p, and a capacitor C20p;

[0161] The input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23A, the input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through a capacitor C15p and a resistor R51p connected in parallel, the input end of the first isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through an adjustable resistor R52p and a resistor R67p, the output end of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module through a resistor R59p, and the output end of the first isolation follower module is grounded through a capacitor C20p;

[0162] The positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive voltage VDD_DVIO, and the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is grounded through the capacitor C13p;

[0163] The negative terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U23A and is grounded;

[0164] like Fig.10 As shown, the second isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23B, a resistor R53p, a resistor R68p, a resistor R60p, an adjustable resistor R54p, a capacitor C16p, and a capacitor C21p;

[0165] The input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23B, the input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the capacitor C16p and the resistor R53p connected in parallel, the input end of the second isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the adjustable resistor R54p and the resistor R68p, the output end of the operational amplifier U23B is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module through the resistor R60p, and the output end of the second isolation follower module is grounded through the capacitor C21p;

[0166] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U23B is connected to ground.

[0167] The model of the operational amplifier U23A is TLV2333IDGKR, the resistance value of the resistor R51p is 51kΩ, the resistance value of the resistor R67p is 49.9kΩ, the resistance value of the resistor R59p is 100Ω, the maximum resistance value of the adjustable resistor R52p is 1kΩ, the capacitance of the capacitor C13p is 100nF, the capacitance of the capacitor C15p is 1nF, and the capacitance of the capacitor C20p is 22nF;

[0168] The model of the operational amplifier U23B is TLV2333IDGKR, the resistance value of the resistor R53p is 51kΩ, the resistance value of the resistor R68p is 49.9kΩ, the resistance value of the resistor R60p is 100Ω, the maximum resistance value of the adjustable resistor R54p is 1kΩ, the capacitance of the capacitor C16p is 1nF, and the capacitance of the capacitor C21p is 22nF.

[0169] This circuit is a line voltage acquisition function circuit of the circuit breaker monitor 110. This circuit uses the CMOS operational amplifier TLV2333 produced by Texas Instruments to form a voltage follower circuit, realizes the voltage processing of the isolation optocoupler back stage in the line monitoring circuit, realizes rail-to-rail low-noise input and output, improves input impedance and low output impedance, isolates the interference of the front and back stages, and plays a buffering role. At the same time, the circuit uses the 16-bit analog-to-digital converter ADS1115 produced by Texas Instruments. The chip provides an input multiplexer that can be configured as four single-ended inputs, which can be stable in a single cycle for fast response sampling. Through the I2C digital communication protocol, the master control can expand the acquisition of multiple voltage signals through the ADC chip.

[0170] In this embodiment, a portion of the output signal of the operational amplifier is fed back to the inverting input terminal to perform impedance matching and voltage following, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the fourth voltage signal.

[0171] like Fig.11 As shown, the sampling circuit ADS1115 is connected to the first output terminal AD_CH11 and the second output terminal AD_CH12 of the isolation follower circuit through the 5th and 6th pins of the chip ADS1115IDGSR, respectively, to sample the fourth voltage signal, which will not be repeated here.

[0172] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the resistor box is the same as the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor and the resistance value of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor.

[0173] like Fig.12 As shown, the first terminal of the circuit breaker monitor is connected to the positive electrode through the first voltage-dividing resistor, and the second terminal is connected to the negative electrode through the second voltage-dividing resistor. The resistor in the resistor box is R, the first voltage-dividing resistor is R=R1p+R2p, the second voltage-dividing resistor is R=R5p+R6p, and the voltage of the second terminal is Vm, which is 1 / 3 of the voltage V between the positive and negative electrodes. In the case of a disconnection / short circuit, the voltage of the resistor part changes, thereby affecting the voltage value between the first terminal and the second terminal.

[0174] For example, the resistance value of R is 30kΩ, and the resistance values ​​of R1p, R2p, R5p, and R6p are all 15kΩ.

[0175] In the related art, only the presence of voltage is detected. When the exposed part of the wire is immersed in water and a short circuit occurs, the short circuit cannot be detected.

[0176] In this embodiment, by setting the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor, the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor, and the resistor in the resistor box to have equal resistance values ​​in the three-voltage-dividing circuit, calculation is convenient, no special adaptation is required in the software, fewer material models are used, and production and maintenance costs are reduced.

[0177] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the first terminal and the second terminal of the circuit breaker monitor are also connected via a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode.

[0178] In this embodiment, by providing a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode between the first terminal and the second terminal, the circuit can be protected from damage caused by overvoltage or surge voltage.

[0179] In some embodiments, the sensing circuit includes a shielded twisted pair cable; the shielded twisted pair cable includes a twisted pair cable and a shielding layer covering the outside of the twisted pair cable.

[0180] In the related art, the BV lines are arranged with two parallel lines or other single lines, which poses great risks in structure.

[0181] A shielded twisted pair cable is laid and consolidated (or bonded) along the slope steps, bridge structure (or other structure surface) to form a whole with the structure. Because the wire is fixed to the structure, if a landslide, collapse, macro cracks or bridge collapse, falling beams or other disasters occur, the wire will be torn off, the circuit will lose voltage and trigger an early warning.

[0182] This application uses shielded twisted pair cables as a sensing means. Compared with using inclinometers as a sensing means for slope and bridge disaster monitoring, it has the advantages of covering a line or a surface rather than point coverage, and has the advantages of a wide coverage area of ​​a single device, multiple applicable scenarios, and low overall cost. Compared with distributed optical fiber sensing technology, this application has the advantages of convenient laying, strong line shear resistance, low false alarm rate, and low cost of a single acquisition device. Compared with the technical route of using a combination of wire ropes and displacement meters, it has no mechanical structure, the line is easier to break (high sensitivity), can be installed by groove or buried, and has stronger anti-destruction ability.

[0183] In this embodiment, the design of the lightning protection circuit formed by the shielded twisted pair and the warp and weft lines improves the reliability of the slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device.

[0184] In some embodiments, Fig.13As shown, the shielded twisted pair cables are connected via a plug-in connector, and the ultimate tensile strength of the plug-in connector is lower than the ultimate tensile strength of the shielded twisted pair cables.

[0185] In this embodiment, a breakable connector (plug-in connector) is provided at regular intervals on the shielded twisted pair cables in the sensing line, and an integrated injection molding process is adopted. The breaking force of the connector is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the wire itself, and at the same time, it can withstand a tensile force of at least 15 kilograms, which can avoid the breakage of the shielded twisted pair cables to a certain extent. The sensing line is easy to repair, and the laid shielded twisted pair cables and plug-in connectors can be reused.

[0186] like Fig.14 As shown, the resistor box is provided with a resistor R1p and a resistor R2p connected in series, and the resistance value is 15KΩ. The lightning protection mechanism in the resistor box is the same as the protection module in the protection circuit, and will not be repeated here.

[0187] In actual implementation, the circuit breaker monitor 110 outputs the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply through the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor and the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor to the resistor box connected to the sensing circuit 130 through a controllable output power supply, thereby forming a current loop. A resistor box with a known resistance value is connected in series in the sensing circuit 130, and the voltage conditions at the first detection terminal and the second detection terminal of the circuit breaker monitor 110 are collected in real time to determine the three circuit states of the sensing circuit 130, namely, connected, disconnected, and short-circuited.

[0188] In the description of this application, "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0189] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0190] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

[0191] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0192] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: include: break monitors, resistor boxes and sense circuits; The circuit breaker monitor comprises a voltage divider circuit and a voltage detection circuit, wherein the voltage divider circuit comprises a first-stage voltage divider resistor and a second-stage voltage divider resistor; One end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the positive voltage terminal, the other end of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the first wiring terminal of the circuit break monitor, one end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is grounded, and the other end of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the second wiring terminal of the circuit break monitor; The first detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the first wiring terminal, and the second detection terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the second wiring terminal to detect the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal; In the case of monitoring and early warning of slope landslide disasters, the sensing line is laid out on the slope through longitude or latitude; In the case of monitoring and early warning of bridge collapse disasters, the sensing line is arranged around each beam of the bridge to form an intersection with the beam; In the case that the slope does not slide or the bridge does not collapse, the voltage detection circuit determines that the first terminal is connected to the second terminal through the sensing circuit and the resistance box, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is in a first state; In the case where the slope has landslide or the bridge has collapsed, the sensing line is broken, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is determined to be in a second state through the voltage detection circuit; In the case where a short circuit occurs in the sensing circuit, determining through the voltage detection circuit that the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal is in a third state; The voltage detection circuit comprises a protection circuit, an isolation follower circuit and a sampling circuit connected in sequence, and the protection circuit comprises a protection module, a signal amplification module and a photoelectric isolation module connected in sequence; The protection module is used to clamp the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal and output a first voltage signal; The signal amplification module is used to amplify the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal; The photoelectric isolation module is used to convert the second voltage signal into a photoelectric signal and output a third voltage signal; The isolation follower circuit is used to provide a high input impedance and a low output impedance to the third voltage signal, and output a fourth voltage signal; The sampling circuit is used to sample the fourth voltage signal to determine the voltage between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal.

2. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first input end of the protection module is connected to the first wiring terminal, the second input end of the protection module is connected to the second wiring terminal, and the protection module includes a varistor R8p, a varistor R9p, a varistor R16p, a discharge tube TV3, a discharge tube TV4, a fuse F1p, a fuse F2p, an inductor L1p, an inductor L2p, a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p, and a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p; The first input end of the protection module is respectively connected to one end of the varistor R8p, one end of the varistor R9p, and one end of the fuse F1p; The other end of the varistor R8p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV3, the other end of the fuse F1p is connected to the first output end of the protection module through the inductor L1p, and the first output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D1p; The second input end of the protection module is respectively connected to the other end of the varistor R9p, one end of the varistor R16p, and one end of the fuse F2p; The other end of the varistor R16p is connected to the PE end through the discharge tube TV4, the other end of the fuse F2p is connected to the second output end of the protection module through the inductor L2p, and the second output end of the protection module is grounded through the semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode D4p.

3. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal amplification module includes a voltage-dividing resistor R11p, a voltage-dividing resistor R12p, a voltage-dividing resistor R19p, a voltage-dividing resistor R20p, a diode D2p, a diode D3p, a diode D5p, a diode D6p, a resistor R13p, a resistor R14p, a resistor R21p, a resistor R22p, a resistor R63p, a resistor R64p, a resistor R15p, a resistor R23p, a capacitor C3p, a capacitor C4p, a capacitor C5p, a capacitor C6p, a capacitor C7p, an operational amplifier U2pA, and an operational amplifier U2pB; The first input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the first output end of the protection module, and the second input end of the signal amplifying module is connected to the second output end of the protection module; The first input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R12p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p through the reverse-connected diode D2p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D3p; The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R11p is connected to one end of the resistor R13p, the other end of the resistor R13p is grounded through the capacitor C3p, the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pA through the resistor R14p, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the positive voltage VCC_5P, and is grounded through the capacitor C4p; the other end of the resistor R13p is also connected to the first output end AD_CHP11 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R63p; The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA through the capacitor C5p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the first input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R15p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pA is connected to the second input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module. The second input end of the signal amplification module is connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the voltage-dividing resistor R20p, the positive voltage VCC_5P is connected to the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p through the reverse-connected diode D5p, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is grounded through the reverse-connected diode D6p; The other end of the voltage-dividing resistor R19p is connected to one end of the resistor R21p, the other end of the resistor R21p is grounded through the capacitor C6p, and the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U2pB through the resistor R22p; the other end of the resistor R21p is also connected to the second output end AD_CHP12 of the photoelectric isolation module through the resistor R64p; The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is grounded and connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB through the capacitor C7p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the third input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module through the resistor R23p. The output terminal of the operational amplifier U2pB is connected to the fourth input terminal of the optoelectronic isolation module.

4. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photoelectric isolation module includes a first photoelectric coupler and a second photoelectric coupler, wherein the first photoelectric coupler includes a first light-emitting tube, a first photosensitive tube and a second photosensitive tube, and the second photoelectric coupler includes a second light-emitting tube, a third photosensitive tube and a fourth photosensitive tube; The first input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first light-emitting tube, and the anode of the first light-emitting tube is grounded; The second input end of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the first photosensitive tube, and the anode of the first photosensitive tube is grounded; The cathode of the second photosensitive tube is connected to the first output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the second photosensitive tube is grounded; The third input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the second light-emitting tube, and the anode of the second light-emitting tube is grounded; The fourth input terminal of the photoelectric isolation module is connected to the cathode of the third photosensitive tube, and the anode of the third photosensitive tube is grounded; The cathode of the fourth photosensitive tube is connected to the second output end of the photoelectric isolation module, and the anode of the fourth photosensitive tube is grounded.

5. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The isolation follower circuit includes a first isolation follower module and a second isolation follower module; The first input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the first isolation follower module, and the first output end AD_CH11 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module; The second input end of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the input end of the second isolation follower module, and the second output end AD_CH12 of the isolation follower circuit is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module; The first isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23A, a resistor R51p, a resistor R67p, a resistor R59p, an adjustable resistor R52p, a capacitor C13p, a capacitor C15p, and a capacitor C20p; The input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23A, the input end of the first isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through a capacitor C15p and a resistor R51p connected in parallel, the input end of the first isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23A through an adjustable resistor R52p and a resistor R67p, the output end of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the output end of the first isolation follower module through a resistor R59p, and the output end of the first isolation follower module is grounded through a capacitor C20p; The positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive voltage VDD_DVIO, and the positive terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is grounded through the capacitor C13p; The negative terminal of the operational amplifier U23A is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U23A and is grounded; The second isolation follower module includes an operational amplifier U23B, a resistor R53p, a resistor R68p, a resistor R60p, an adjustable resistor R54p, a capacitor C16p, and a capacitor C21p; The input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U23B, and the input end of the second isolation follower module is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the parallel capacitor C16p and the resistor R53p. The input end of the second isolation follower module is also connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U23B through the adjustable resistor R54p and the resistor R68p. The output end of the operational amplifier U23B is connected to the output end of the second isolation follower module through the resistor R60p, and the output end of the second isolation follower module is grounded through the capacitor C21p; the positive input end of the operational amplifier U23B is also grounded.

6. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The resistance value of the resistance box is the same as the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor of the first-stage voltage-dividing resistor and the resistance value of the second-stage voltage-dividing resistor.

7. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first terminal and the second terminal of the circuit breaker monitor are also connected via a semiconductor bidirectional TVS diode.

8. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensing circuit includes a shielded twisted pair cable; the shielded twisted pair cable includes a twisted pair cable and a shielding layer covering the outside of the twisted pair cable.

9. The slope landslide and bridge collapse disaster monitoring and early warning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shielded twisted pair cables are connected via a plug-in connector, and the ultimate tensile strength of the plug-in connector is lower than the ultimate tensile strength of the shielded twisted pair cables.

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