Laminate and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a laminate and a display device. Provided is a novel laminate in which the hue changes in accordance with the direction of visibility. The laminate (3) includes a horizontally oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (A) having a dichroic dye compound (A), a horizontally oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (B) having a dichroic dye compound (B), and a vertically oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (C) having a dichroic dye compound (C). The absorption axis of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (A) and the absorption axis of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (B) are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction, and the absorption axis of the vertically-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film (C) is in a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction. The maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film A, the maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film B, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the vertically oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film C are different from each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a laminate and a display device. Background Art

[0002] In the past, a laminated body suitable for flat panel display devices such as liquid crystal display devices and organic EL display devices, for example, a laminated body that functions as a polarizer is known. As such a laminated body, for example, there is a polarizing film described in Patent Document 1. The conventional polarizing film is composed of a light absorption anisotropic film containing a dichroic pigment compound.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-211770 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] In the past, the hue of the laminate was the same when visually recognized from any direction. As the purpose of the laminate, for example, a flat panel display device such as a liquid crystal display device and an organic EL display device can be cited. If a new laminate whose hue changes according to the direction of visual recognition can be provided, the purpose of the laminate can be expanded.

[0008] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel laminated body whose hue changes depending on the direction of visual recognition.

[0009] Means for solving problems

[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a stacked body comprising a horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film A having a dichroic pigment compound A, a horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film B having a dichroic pigment compound B, and a vertically-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film C having a dichroic pigment compound C, wherein the absorption axis of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film A and the absorption axis of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film B are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction, the absorption axis of the vertically-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film C is along a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film A, the maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film B, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the vertically-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film C are different from each other.

[0011] In the laminate, there is a combination of: a horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film A and a horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film B whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction; and a vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film C whose absorption axis is along a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction. In addition, the maximum absorption wavelengths of the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film C are different from each other. Therefore, when natural light or white light is incident on the laminate, the hue of the laminate can be made different from each other according to the visual recognition direction. According to the novel laminate, the use of the laminate can be expanded.

[0012] The dichroic pigment compound A, dichroic pigment compound B, and dichroic pigment compound C can be selected from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue. In this case, the hue of the laminate can be made more reliably different depending on the visual recognition direction.

[0013] The horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C may all be cured products of a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. In this case, the alignment state of the dichroic dye compound can be appropriately fixed.

[0014] The polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be a liquid crystal compound forming a smectic phase in at least one of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C. Thus, higher polarization characteristics can be obtained.

[0015] The polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be a liquid crystal compound forming a smectic phase in all of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C. This can provide higher polarization characteristics.

[0016] A display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned stacked body and a light source that outputs light toward the stacked body.

[0017] In the display device, a stacked body whose hue is different from each other depending on the visual recognition direction is used. When the stacked body is used as one pixel and light such as white light is input from a light source, light of different hues can be output with one pixel according to the absorption axis directions of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic films A and B and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C. Therefore, for example, by configuring the stacked body in such a manner that the absorption axis directions of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic films A and B and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C are different from each other in each pixel, three-dimensional display can be easily achieved.

[0018] Effects of the Invention

[0019] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a novel laminated body in which the hue changes depending on the direction of visual recognition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] [ Figure 1 ] is a schematic diagram of a display device comprising a stacked body according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] [ Figure 2 ] is a diagram showing the structure and evaluation results of the laminated body involved in the embodiments and comparative examples.

[0022] [ Figure 3 ] is a diagram showing the structure and evaluation results of the laminated body involved in the embodiments and comparative examples.

[0023] [ Figure 4 ] is a schematic diagram illustrating the visual recognition direction of the stack.

[0024] Description of Reference Numerals

[0025] 1 ...display device; 2 ...light source; 3 ...laminated body; 11A to 11C ...polarizing plates. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a laminate and a display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a display device including a stacked body according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the display device 1 includes a light source 2 and a laminate 3. Examples of the display device 1 include a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, an inorganic EL display device, an electron emission display device, electronic paper, and a piezoelectric ceramic display.

[0028] Here, the display device 1 is configured as a device for displaying a three-dimensional image. The light source 2 is a part that outputs light toward the stacked body 3. The light source 2 is, for example, a device that outputs white light L, such as a white LED. Instead of the white light L, natural light may be input to the stacked body 3. Figure 1The stack 3 in the display device 1 corresponds to one pixel in the display device 1. The stack 3 includes a polarizing plate 11A, a polarizing plate 11B, and a polarizing plate 11C. The stacking order of the polarizing plates 11A, 11B, and 11C is arbitrary. In the present embodiment, the stack 3 is stacked with the polarizing plates 11A, 11B, and 11C in sequence from the light source 2 side. The polarizing plate 11A is a polarizing plate including a horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film A described later, and the polarizing plate 11B is a polarizing plate including a horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film B described later. The polarizing plate 11C is a polarizing plate including a vertically oriented light absorbing anisotropic film C described later.

[0029] Polarizing plate 11A, polarizing plate 11B, and polarizing plate 11C are components that have the function of absorbing light of a specified wavelength in a specified direction. Polarizing plate 11A and polarizing plate 11B are formed, for example, by laminating an oriented film and a horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film on a glass substrate. Polarizing plate 11C is formed, for example, by laminating an oriented film and a vertically oriented light absorbing anisotropic film on a glass substrate. The glass substrate has transparency, especially to visible light, and has a transmittance of 80% or more to light with a wavelength of 380nm to 780nm. Considering practical operability and processability, the thickness of the glass substrate is, for example, 5μm to 300μm, preferably 20μm to 200μm, and more preferably 20μm to 100μm.

[0030] The substrates of the polarizing plates 11A, 11B, and 11C may be resin substrates. Examples of the resin substrate in this case include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and norbornene polymers; cyclic olefin resins; polyvinyl alcohol; polyethylene terephthalate; polymethacrylate; polyacrylate; cellulose esters such as cellulose triacetate, cellulose diacetate, and cellulose acetate propionate; polyethylene naphthalate; polycarbonate; polysulfone; polyethersulfone; polyetherketone; polyphenylene sulfide; and polyphenylene ether. Among them, from the viewpoint of transparency when used for optical film applications, a film substrate selected from any one of cellulose triacetate, cyclic olefin resins, polymethacrylate, and polyethylene terephthalate is more preferred.

[0031] The alignment film is a film having a restraining force that orients the dichroic pigment compound contained in the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film in a predetermined direction. The alignment film orients the dichroic pigment compound contained in the composition (light absorption anisotropic film forming composition) that forms the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film or the vertical alignment light absorption anisotropic film, thereby adjusting the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plates 11A, 11B, and 11C to a desired direction. The absorption axis direction of the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film or the vertical alignment light absorption anisotropic film is, for example, the same direction as the restraining force direction of the alignment film.

[0032] The alignment film has dissolution resistance for coating of the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition, etc., and heat resistance for heat treatment for removal of the solvent and alignment of the dichroic dye. Considering sufficient expression of the alignment control force, the thickness of the alignment film is, for example, 10 nm to 1200 nm, preferably 10 nm to 1000 nm, more preferably 10 nm to 500 nm, further preferably 10 nm to 200 nm, and particularly preferably 50 nm to 150 nm.

[0033] Examples of the alignment film include an alignment film made of an alignment polymer, a photo-alignment film, a groove alignment film having a concavo-convex pattern and a plurality of grooves on the surface, and a stretched film stretched in the alignment direction.

[0034] As the oriented polymer, for example, polyamides having amide bonds in the molecule, gelatins, polyimides having imide bonds in the molecule and polyamic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, alkyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyoxazole, polyethyleneimine, polystyrene, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylate as their hydrolyzates can be cited. Among them, polyvinyl alcohol is preferred. The oriented polymer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0035] An oriented film containing an oriented polymer is usually obtained by applying a composition obtained by dissolving an oriented polymer in a solvent (hereinafter referred to as an "oriented polymer composition") on a substrate and removing the solvent; or, applying the oriented polymer composition on a substrate, removing the solvent, and rubbing (rubbing method).

[0036] As the solvent, an organic solvent is preferred. Examples of the organic solvent include: alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, methyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, γ-butyrolactone, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and ethyl lactate; ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methyl amyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, and heptane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane; and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents such as chloroform and chlorobenzene. The solvent can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The content of the solvent is preferably 100 to 1900 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 900 parts by mass, and further preferably 180 to 600 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the oriented polymer composition.

[0037] The concentration of the oriented polymer in the oriented polymer composition is preferably 0.1 to 20% and more preferably 0.1 to 10% relative to the solution in terms of solid content conversion as long as the oriented polymer material can be completely dissolved in the solvent. As the oriented polymer composition, commercially available oriented film materials can be used directly. As commercially available oriented film materials, Sunever (registered trademark, Nissan Chemical Industry (Strain) system), Optomer (registered trademark, JSR (Strain) system) and the like can be cited.

[0038] As a method for coating the oriented polymer composition on a substrate, known methods such as spin coating, extrusion, gravure coating, die coating, bar coating, coating, and printing such as flexographic methods can be cited. As a method for removing the solvent contained in the oriented polymer composition, natural drying, ventilation drying, heating drying, and reduced pressure drying can be cited.

[0039] In order to impart an orientation control force to the oriented film, a rubbing treatment (rubbing method) may be performed as required. As a method for imparting an orientation control force by rubbing, the following method may be cited: a film of an oriented polymer formed on the surface of a substrate by coating an oriented polymer composition on the substrate and annealing the oriented polymer composition is brought into contact with a rubbing roller wound with a rubbing cloth and rotating.

[0040] The photo-alignment film can be generally obtained by applying a composition containing a polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group and a solvent (hereinafter referred to as a "photo-alignment film-forming composition") to a substrate and irradiating the substrate with polarized light (preferably polarized UV light). In the case of the photo-alignment film, it is more preferable to arbitrarily control the direction of the alignment control force by selecting the polarization direction of the irradiated polarized light.

[0041] The so-called photoreactive group refers to a group that generates liquid crystal orientation ability by light irradiation. Specifically, groups that participate in the photoreaction of the orientation induction or isomerization reaction, dimerization reaction, photocrosslinking reaction or photodecomposition reaction of molecules that occur by light irradiation, which become the source of liquid crystal orientation ability, can be cited. Among them, the group participating in the dimerization reaction or the photocrosslinking reaction is preferred from the aspect of excellent orientation. As a photoreactive group, it is preferably a group having an unsaturated bond, especially a double bond, and it is particularly preferred to have at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C bond), a carbon-nitrogen double bond (C=N bond), a nitrogen-nitrogen double bond (N=N bond) and a carbon-oxygen double bond (C=O bond).

[0042] As photoreactive groups having C=C bonds, vinyl, polyene, stilbene, stilbazole, stilbazolium, chalcone and cinnamoyl groups can be cited. As photoreactive groups having C=N bonds, groups having structures such as aromatic Schiff bases and aromatic hydrazones can be cited. As photoreactive groups having N=N bonds, azophenyl, azonaphthyl, aromatic heterocyclic azo, bisazo, formazan and groups having an oxidized azobenzene structure can be cited. As photoreactive groups having C=O bonds, benzophenone, coumarin, anthraquinone and maleimide groups can be cited. These groups may have substituents such as alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, allyloxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl, sulfonic acid and halogenated alkyl groups.

[0043] Among the above-mentioned photoreactive groups, photoreactive groups that participate in the photodimerization reaction are preferred. Cinnamoyl and chalcone groups are preferred because the amount of polarized light irradiation required for photo-alignment is small and a photo-alignment film with excellent thermal stability and temporal stability is easily obtained. As a polymer having a photoreactive group, a polymer having a cinnamoyl group such as a cinnamic acid structure at the terminal of the polymer side chain is particularly preferred.

[0044] By applying the photo-alignment film-forming composition on a substrate, a photo-alignment inducing layer can be formed on the substrate. The solvent contained in the composition may be the same solvent as described in the description of the above-mentioned "alignment polymer composition", and may be appropriately selected according to the solubility of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group.

[0045] The content of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group in the composition for forming a photo-alignment film can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of the polymer or monomer and the thickness of the target photo-alignment film, and is preferably set to at least 0.2% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 10% by mass, relative to the mass of the composition for forming a photo-alignment film. The composition for forming a photo-alignment film may also contain a polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyimide, and a photosensitizer within a range that does not significantly impair the properties of the photo-alignment film.

[0046] The method of applying the photo-alignment film-forming composition to the substrate may be the same as the method of applying the alignment composition to the substrate. The method of removing the solvent from the applied photo-alignment film-forming composition may be natural drying, ventilation drying, heating drying, and reduced pressure drying.

[0047] When irradiating with polarized light, the product obtained by removing the solvent from the composition for forming a photo-alignment film applied on the substrate may be directly irradiated with polarized UV light, or the polarized light may be irradiated from the substrate side and the polarized light may be transmitted. It is particularly preferred that the polarized light is substantially parallel light. The wavelength of the irradiated polarized light is preferably a wavelength in the wavelength region where the photoreactive group of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group can absorb light energy. Specifically, UV (ultraviolet light) in the range of 250 to 400 nm is particularly preferred.

[0048] As the light source used in the polarized light irradiation, xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, ultraviolet lasers such as KrF and ArF can be cited, and high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps and metal halide lamps are more preferred. Among them, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps and metal halide lamps are preferred because of the large luminous intensity of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 313nm. Polarized UV light can be irradiated by allowing the light from the aforementioned light source to pass through an appropriate polarizer. As the polarizer, a polarizing filter, a Glan-Thompson, Glan-Taylor polarizing prism, or a wire grid type polarizer can be used. It should be noted that when rubbing or polarized light irradiation is performed, if shielding is performed, multiple regions (patterns) with different directions of liquid crystal orientation can also be formed.

[0049] The groove oriented film is a film having a concavo-convex pattern or multiple grooves (grooves) on the film surface. When a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied to a film having multiple linear grooves arranged at equal intervals, the liquid crystal molecules will be oriented in the direction along the grooves.

[0050] As methods for obtaining a grooved oriented film, there are: a method of exposing the surface of a photosensitive polyimide film through an exposure mask having a slit in a pattern shape, and then developing and rinsing to form a concave-convex pattern; a method of forming a layer of a UV-curable resin before curing on a plate-like original plate having grooves on its surface, transferring the formed resin layer to a substrate, and then curing it; and a method of pressing a roll-shaped original plate having a plurality of grooves against a film of a UV-curable resin before curing formed on a substrate to form convex-concave and concave, and then curing it; and the like.

[0051] The horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film and the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film are composed of dichroic pigment compounds. The dichroic pigment compound is a pigment compound having a property that the absorbance in the long axis direction of the molecule is different from the absorbance in the short axis direction of the molecule. For the polarizing plates 11A and 11B containing the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film composed of the dichroic pigment compound, and the polarizing plate 11C containing the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film composed of the dichroic pigment compound, there is an absorption direction in a specified direction and a maximum absorption wavelength in a specified wavelength range.

[0052] The dichroic pigment compound A, the dichroic pigment compound B, and the dichroic pigment compound C can be selected from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue, respectively. The dichroic pigment compound A and the dichroic pigment compound B can each select two from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue, respectively.

[0053] As dichroic pigments, acridine pigments, oxazine pigments, cyanine pigments, naphthalene pigments, azo pigments and anthraquinone pigments can be mentioned, among which azo pigments are preferred. As azo pigments, monoazo pigments, disazo pigments, triazo pigments, tetrazo pigments and stilbene azo pigments can be mentioned, among which disazo pigments and triazo pigments are preferred.

[0054] Examples of the azo dye include compounds represented by formula (I) (hereinafter referred to as "compound (I)" as appropriate).

[0055] K1(-N=N-K2)pN=N-K3(I)

[0056] [In formula (I), K1 and K3 independently represent a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a naphthyl group which may have a substituent, or a monovalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. K2 represents a p-phenylene group which may have a substituent, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group which may have a substituent, or a divalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. p represents an integer of 1 to 4. When p is an integer greater than 2, multiple K2s may be the same or different. Within the range of absorption in the visible light region, the -N=N- bond may be replaced by a -C=C-, -COO-, -NHCO-, or -N=CH- bond.]

[0057] Examples of the monovalent heterocyclic group include groups obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline, thiazole, benzothiazole, thienothiazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, oxazole, and benzoxazole. Examples of the divalent heterocyclic group include groups obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the above heterocyclic compounds.

[0058] As substituents which may be optionally possessed by the phenyl group, naphthyl group and monovalent heterocyclic group in K1 and K3, and the p-phenylene group, naphthalene-1,4-diyl group and divalent heterocyclic group in K2, there may be mentioned: alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy and butoxy; fluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as trifluoromethyl; cyano; nitro; halogen atoms; substituted or unsubstituted amino groups such as amino, diethylamino and pyrrolidinyl (a substituted amino group refers to an amino group having 1 or 2 alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an amino group in which two substituted alkyl groups are bonded to each other to form an alkanediyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The unsubstituted amino group is -NH2.).

[0059] Among the compounds (I), the compounds represented by any one of the formulae (I-1) to (I-8) are preferred, and the compounds represented by any one of the formulae (I-1) to (I-3) are more preferred.

[0060] [Chemical formula 1]

[0061]

[0062] [In formulas (I-1) to (I-8), B 1 ~B 30 Each of n1 to n4 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group (the definitions of substituted amino group and unsubstituted amino group are as described above), a chlorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group. n1 to n4 independently represent an integer of 0 to 3. When n1 is 2 or more, multiple B 2 They may be the same or different from each other. When n2 is 2 or more, multiple B 6 They may be the same or different from each other. When n3 is 2 or more, multiple B 9 They may be the same or different from each other. When n4 is 2 or more, multiple B 14 They may be the same or different from each other.]

[0063] As the anthraquinone dye, a compound represented by formula (I-9) is preferred.

[0064] [Chemical formula 2]

[0065]

[0066] [In formula (I-9), R 1 ~R 8 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, -R x 、-NH2、-NHR x 、-NR x 2. -SR x , or a halogen atom. xrepresents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

[0067] As the oxazine dye, a compound represented by formula (I-10) is preferred.

[0068] [Chemical formula 3]

[0069]

[0070] [In formula (I-10), R 9 ~R 15 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, -R x 、-NH2、-NHR x 、-NR x 2. -SR x , or a halogen atom. x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

[0071] As the acridine dye, a compound represented by formula (I-11) is preferred.

[0072] [Chemical formula 4]

[0073]

[0074] [In formula (I-11), R 16 ~R 23 Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, -R x 、-NH2、-NHR x 、-NR x 2. -SR x , or a halogen atom. x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

[0075] In the above formula (I-9), formula (I-10), and formula (I-11), R x Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl, and examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenyl, tolyl, xylyl and naphthyl.

[0076] As the cyanine dye, a compound represented by formula (I-12) and a compound represented by formula (I-13) are preferred.

[0077] [Chemical formula 5]

[0078]

[0079] [In formula (I-12), D 1 and D 2Each independently represents a group represented by any one of formula (I-12a) to formula (I-12d).

[0080] [Chemical formula 6]

[0081]

[0082] n5 represents an integer from 1 to 3.]

[0083] [Chemical formula 7]

[0084]

[0085] [In formula (I-13), D 3 and D 4 Each independently represents a group represented by any one of formula (I-13a) to formula (I-13h).

[0086] [Chemical formula 8]

[0087]

[0088] n6 represents an integer from 1 to 3.]

[0089] Among the above-mentioned dichroic dyes, azo dyes are preferably used from the viewpoint of orientation.

[0090] The polarizing plate 11A is provided with a horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film A having a dichroic pigment compound A, and the polarizing plate 11B is provided with a horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film B having a dichroic pigment compound B different from the dichroic pigment compound A. The polarizing plate 11C is provided with a vertically oriented light absorbing anisotropic film C having a dichroic pigment compound C different from the dichroic pigment compounds A and B.

[0091] The absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A and the absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction. The absorption axis of the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C is along the vertical direction perpendicular to the aforementioned in-plane direction. In addition, the maximum absorption wavelengths of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C are different from each other. Figure 1 In the example of , the absorption axis direction of polarizing plate 11A is 0°±5°, and the maximum absorption wavelength is, for example, 320nm to 400nm. In addition, the absorption axis direction of polarizing plate 11B is 90°±5°, and the maximum absorption wavelength is 500nm to 580nm. The absorption axis direction of polarizing plate 11C is the vertical direction (when the thickness direction of polarizing plate 11C is set to 0°, it is 0°±5°), and the maximum absorption wavelength is 600nm to 680nm.

[0092] The maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film and the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film can be obtained by dissolving the dichroic pigment compound contained in these light absorption anisotropic films in a solvent to form a measurement sample, measuring the absorption spectrum of the measurement sample using an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, and measuring the wavelength of maximum absorbance based on the obtained absorption spectrum.

[0093] The horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film and the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film can be formed by applying a composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic film containing a dichroic pigment compound on the oriented film and drying it. The coating method can use the same method as the coating method of the composition for forming an oriented film described above. With respect to the content of the dichroic pigment compound in the composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic film, from the viewpoint of making the orientation of the dichroic pigment good, it is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic film. The solid content here refers to the total amount of the components after removing the solvent from the composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic film.

[0094] The light absorption anisotropic film forming composition constituting at least one (preferably all) of dichroic pigment compound A, dichroic pigment compound B and dichroic pigment compound C can include polymerizable liquid crystal compound, solvent, polymerization initiator, sensitizer, polymerization inhibitor, leveling agent and polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound etc. In the light absorption anisotropic film comprising polymerizable liquid crystal compound, intensity improves, and also realizes the reduction of color unevenness. In the case of including polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the light absorption anisotropic film forming composition, the dry film obtained by drying the light absorption anisotropic film forming composition can be solidified. Solidification refers to the polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound included in the dry film. As a polymerization method, heating, light irradiation etc. can be cited. By solidification, the orientation state of the dichroic pigment included in the dry film can be fixed.

[0095] A polymerizable liquid crystal compound refers to a compound having a polymerizable group and showing liquid crystal properties. A polymerizable group refers to a group participating in a polymerization reaction, preferably a photopolymerizable group. A photopolymerizable group refers to a group that can participate in a polymerization reaction through an active free radical, an acid, etc. generated by a photopolymerization initiator. As a polymerizable group, vinyl, vinyloxy, 1-chlorovinyl, isopropenyl, 4-vinylphenyl, acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, oxirane, oxetane, etc. can be cited. As a compound showing liquid crystal properties, thermotropic liquid crystals, lyotropic liquid crystals, etc. can be cited. From the perspective of being able to perform precise film thickness control, thermotropic liquid crystals are preferred. The compound showing liquid crystal properties can be a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal in a thermotropic liquid crystal.

[0096] From the viewpoint of obtaining higher polarization characteristics, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferably a liquid crystal compound forming a smectic phase. As the smectic phase, smectic B phase, smectic D phase, smectic E phase, smectic F phase, smectic G phase, smectic H phase, smectic I phase, smectic J phase, smectic K phase, smectic L phase can be cited, preferably smectic B phase, smectic F phase, or smectic I phase, more preferably smectic B phase. These smectic phases can be their high-order smectic phases.

[0097] When the liquid crystal phase formed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is these high-order smectic phases, a horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film and a vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film with a higher degree of orientation order can be obtained. For horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic films and vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic films with a high degree of orientation order, Bragg peaks from high-order structures such as hexagonal phases and crystalline phases can be obtained in X-ray diffraction measurements. The Bragg peak is a peak from a periodic structure of molecular orientation. When the liquid crystal phase formed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is these high-order smectic phases, a periodic interval of molecular orientation can be obtained, for example A horizontally-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film and a vertically-oriented light-absorbing anisotropic film.

[0098] Examples of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound include a compound represented by the following formula (B1) and a polymer of the compound (hereinafter, the compound and the polymer are also collectively referred to as “polymerizable liquid crystal compound (B1)”).

[0099] U 1 -V 1 -W 1 -X 1 -Y 1 -X 2 -Y 2 -X 3 -W 2 -V 2 -U 2 (B1)

[0100] [In formula (B1), X 1 , X 2 and X 3 Each independently represents a divalent aromatic group or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group. The hydrogen atoms contained in the divalent aromatic group or the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a nitro group, and the carbon atoms constituting the divalent aromatic group or the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom. 1 , X 2 and X 3 At least one of Y is 1,4-phenylene which may have a substituent, or cyclohexane-1,4-diyl which may have a substituent. 1 and Y 2 are independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group. 2 W represents a polymerizable group. 1 and W 2 are independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. 1 and V 2 Each independently represents an alkanediyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, wherein -CH2- constituting the alkanediyl group may be replaced by -O-, -CO-, -S- or NH-.]

[0101] In the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (B1), X 1 , X 2 and X 3 At least one of X is 1,4-phenylene which may have a substituent, or cyclohexane-1,4-diyl which may have a substituent. In particular, X 1 and X 3 Preferably, the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group may have a substituent, and the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is more preferably a trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group. Examples of the substituents that the 1,4-phenylene group may have or the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group may have include alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, and butyl, cyano groups, and halogen atoms such as chlorine atoms and fluorine atoms. Preferably, the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is unsubstituted. In addition, Y 1 and Y 2 In the case of the same structure, X 1 , X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is a different structure. 1 , X 2 and X 3 When at least one of them has a different structure, there is a tendency that smectic liquid crystal properties are easily exhibited.

[0102] Y 1 and Y 2 Preferably, each independently is -CH2CH2-, -CH2O-, -CH2CH2O-, -COO-, -OCOO-, a single bond, -N=N-, -CR a =CR b -、-C≡C-、-CR a =N-, or CO-NR a -. R a and R b Y independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 1 More preferably, it is -CH2CH2-, -COO-, or a single bond, and Y 2 More preferably, it is -CH2CH2- or CH2O-. 1 , X 2 and X 3 When all of them have the same structure, Y is preferably 1 and Y 2 For different structures. 1 and Y 2 In the case of structures different from each other, smectic liquid crystal properties tend to be easily exhibited.

[0103] U 2 U is a polymerizable group. 1 is a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group, preferably a polymerizable group. 1 and U 2 All of them are polymerizable groups, and preferably all of them are photopolymerizable groups. The photopolymerizable group refers to a group that can participate in a polymerization reaction by an active radical, an acid, or the like generated from a photopolymerization initiator described below.

[0104] U 1 The photopolymerizable group represented by U 2 The polymerizable groups represented by may be different from each other, but are preferably groups of the same type. Examples of the polymerizable groups include vinyl, vinyloxy, 1-chlorovinyl, isopropenyl, 4-vinylphenyl, acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, oxirane, and the like. Among them, free radical polymerizable groups are preferred, acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, vinyl, and vinyloxy are more preferred, acryloyloxy and methacryloyloxy are further preferred, and acryloyloxy is particularly preferred.

[0105] As V 1 and V 2Examples of the alkane diyl represented by V include methylene, ethylene, propane-1,3-diyl, butane-1,3-diyl, butane-1,4-diyl, pentane-1,5-diyl, hexane-1,6-diyl, heptane-1,7-diyl, octane-1,8-diyl, decane-1,10-diyl, tetradecane-1,14-diyl, and eicosane-1,20-diyl. 1 and V 2 An alkanediyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkanediyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferred.

[0106] As W 1 and W 2 , preferably independently of each other are a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, or OCOO-, more preferably a single bond or -O-.

[0107] Examples of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (B1) include compounds represented by the following formulae (B-1) to (B-25). When the polymerizable liquid crystal compound (B1) has a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is preferably a trans isomer.

[0108] [Chemical formula 9]

[0109]

[0110] [Chemical formula 10]

[0111]

[0112] [Chemical formula 11]

[0113]

[0114] [Chemical formula 12]

[0115]

[0116] [Chemical formula 13]

[0117]

[0118] Among these, preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (B-2), formula (B-3), formula (B-4), formula (B-5), formula (B-6), formula (B-7), formula (B-8), formula (B-13), formula (B-14), formula (B-15), formula (B-16), and formula (B-17).

[0119] The exemplified polymerizable liquid crystal compounds can be used alone or in combination. When two or more polymerizable liquid crystal compounds are combined, preferably at least one is a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and more preferably two or more are polymerizable liquid crystal compounds. By combining polymerizable liquid crystal compounds, liquid crystallinity can sometimes be temporarily maintained even at a temperature below the liquid crystal-crystallization phase transition temperature. The mixing ratio when combining two polymerizable liquid crystal compounds is generally 1:99 to 50:50, preferably 5:95 to 50:50, and more preferably 10:90 to 50:50.

[0120] The polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be produced by a known method described in Lub et al., Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996), Japanese Patent No. 4719156, and the like.

[0121] The content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the solid content of the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, preferably 99% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or less, and further preferably 90% by mass or less. In the present specification, the solid content in the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition refers to the total amount of components after excluding volatile components such as solvents from the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition.

[0122] The solvent may be the same as the solvent described in the description of the above-mentioned "oriented polymer composition". The content of the solvent is preferably 100 to 1900 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 900 parts by mass, and even more preferably 180 to 600 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the light-absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition.

[0123] As the polymerization initiator, a photopolymerization initiator is preferably used. As the photopolymerization initiator, a photopolymerization initiator having light absorption at a wavelength of 300 nm to 380 nm is generally used. The photopolymerization initiator is a compound that can initiate a polymerization reaction of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and can initiate a polymerization reaction at a lower temperature. Specifically, there can be cited photopolymerization initiators that can generate active free radicals or acids by the action of absorbed light, among which photopolymerization initiators that generate free radicals by the action of light are preferred.

[0124] Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include benzoin compounds, benzophenone compounds, alkylphenone compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, triazine compounds, iodonium salts, and sulfonium salts. These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0125] Examples of the benzoin compound include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, and benzoin isobutyl ether. Examples of the benzophenone compound include benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 3,3',4,4'-tetrakis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone.

[0126] Examples of the alkylphenone compound include diethoxyacetophenone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)propane-1-one, 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butane-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1-one, 1,2-diphenyl-2,2-dimethoxyethane-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-〔4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl〕propane-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, and oligomers of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-〔4-(1-methylvinyl)phenyl〕propane-1-one.

[0127] Examples of the acylphosphine oxide compound include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide and bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide.

[0128] Examples of the triazine compound include 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxynaphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-[2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)ethyl]-1,3,5-triazine, triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-[2-(4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl)vinyl]-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]-1,3,5-triazine.

[0129] As the photopolymerization initiator, a commercially available photopolymerization initiator can be used. Examples of commercially available polymerization initiators include "Irgacure (registered trademark) 907", "Irgacure (registered trademark) 184", "Irgacure (registered trademark) 651", "Irgacure (registered trademark) 819", "Irgacure (registered trademark) 250", and "Irgacure (registered trademark) 369" (Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.); "SEIKUOL (registered trademark) BZ", "SEIKUOL (registered trademark) Z", and "SEIKUOL (registered trademark) BEE" (Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd.); "Kayacure (registered trademark) BP100" (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.); "Kayacure (registered trademark) UVI-6992" (manufactured by DOW Corporation); "ADEKA Optomer SP-152", "ADEKA Optomer SP-170" (ADEKA Corporation); "TAZ-A", "TAZ-PP" (Nihon SiberHegner Corporation); and "TAZ-104" (Sanwa Chemical Corporation).

[0130] The content of the polymerization initiator can be appropriately adjusted according to the type and amount of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition, and is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more, preferably 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 20 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 10 parts by mass or less. When the content of the polymerization initiator is above the lower limit, polymerization can be performed without disturbing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. In addition, when the content of the polymerization initiator is below the upper limit, long-term storage stability can be improved, and it is easy to further suppress or prevent the occurrence of orientation defects of the obtained polarizing film.

[0131] As the sensitizer, a photosensitizer is preferred. Examples of the photosensitizer include xanthone compounds such as xanthone and thioxanthone (2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, etc.); anthracene compounds such as anthracene and anthracene containing an alkoxy group (dibutoxyanthracene, etc.); phenothiazine and rubrene. The sensitizer may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0132] When the composition for forming anisotropic light-absorbing film contains a sensitizer, the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition can be further promoted. The amount of the sensitizer used can be appropriately adjusted according to the type and amount of the polymerization initiator and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. For 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, it is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by mass. In order to make the polymerization reaction of the composition for forming anisotropic light-absorbing film more stably proceed, the composition may contain an appropriate amount of polymerization inhibitor. Thus, it is easy to control the degree of progress of the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

[0133] Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include radical scavengers such as hydroquinone, alkoxy-containing hydroquinone, alkoxy-containing catechol (e.g., butyl catechol), pyrogallol, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical; thiophenols; β-naphthylamines; and β-naphthols.

[0134] When the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition contains a polymerization inhibitor, its content can be appropriately adjusted according to the type and amount of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the amount of the sensitizer used, etc., and is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. When the content of the polymerization inhibitor is within this range, polymerization can be performed without disturbing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

[0135] The composition for forming anisotropic light-absorbing film may contain one or more leveling agents. The leveling agent has the function of adjusting the fluidity of the composition for forming anisotropic light-absorbing film and making the coating film obtained by coating the composition flatter. Specifically, a surfactant may be mentioned. The leveling agent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a leveling agent containing a polyacrylate compound as a main component and a leveling agent containing a fluorine atom as a main component.

[0136] Examples of leveling agents containing a polyacrylate compound as a main component include "BYK-350", "BYK-352", "BYK-353", "BYK-354", "BYK-355", "BYK-358N", "BYK-361N", "BYK-380", "BYK-381" and "BYK-392" [BYK Chemie].

[0137] Examples of leveling agents containing a fluorine atom-containing compound as a main component include "Megaface (registered trademark) R-08", Megaface "R-30", Megaface "R-90", Megaface "F-410", Megaface "F-411", Megaface "F-443", Megaface "F-445", Megaface "F-470", Megaface "F-471", Megaface "F "-477", Megaface "F-479", Megaface "F-482" and Megaface "F-483" [DIC (KK)]; "Surflon (registered trademark) S-381", Surflon "S-382", Surflon "S-383", Surflon "S-393", Surflon "SC-101", Surflon "SC-105", "KH-40" and "SA-100" [AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.]; "E1830", "E5844" [Daikin Fine Chemical Kenkyusho, KK]; "EFTOP EF301", "EFTOP EF303", "EFTOP EF 351" and "EFTOP EF352" [Mitsubishi Materials Electronic Chemicals Co., Ltd.].

[0138] When the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition contains a leveling agent, the content thereof is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 3 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. When the content of the leveling agent is within the above range, the obtained polarizing film tends to be smoother and less prone to unevenness.

[0139] <Polarizing film>

[0140] The horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film A, the horizontally oriented light absorbing anisotropic film B, and the vertically oriented light absorbing anisotropic film C used in the laminate of the present disclosure have the function of a polarizing film (hereinafter, also referred to as "polarizing film"). The polarizing film is a film with a polarizing function, preferably containing a dichroic pigment in an oriented polymerizable liquid crystal. The polarizing film used in the laminate of the present disclosure is preferably formed by the aforementioned light absorbing anisotropic film forming composition. The orientation defects of the polarizing film formed by the light absorbing anisotropic film forming composition are basically or completely eliminated, and it has excellent polarizing performance.

[0141] The polarizing film used in the laminate of the present disclosure can be produced, for example, by the following method, which comprises: step (ii) of forming a coating film of the aforementioned light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition and drying and removing the organic solvent from the coating film; and step (iii) of orienting and curing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in a smectic liquid crystal phase.

[0142] Step (ii) is a step of applying the aforementioned light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition on the aforementioned substrate, alignment film or other layer (e.g., functional layer) to form a coating film, and removing the organic solvent by drying under the condition that the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the obtained coating film does not polymerize to obtain a dry film. The polarizing film can be directly applied on the substrate or other layer (e.g., functional layer), preferably applied on an alignment film having an alignment control capability.

[0143] In step (ii), as a drying method, natural drying, ventilation drying, heating drying and reduced pressure drying can be cited. When the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, it is preferred that the liquid crystal state of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film is a nematic phase (nematic liquid crystal state), and then transformed into a smectic phase. In order to form a smectic phase via a nematic phase, for example, the following method can be used: the dry film is heated at a temperature above the temperature at which the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film changes into a liquid crystal state of a nematic phase, and then cooled to a temperature at which the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound shows a liquid crystal state of a smectic phase.

[0144] Step (iii) is a step for orienting and curing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the dry film in the state of smectic liquid crystal phase. The following is a method for photopolymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound while maintaining the liquid crystal state of the smectic phase after the liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the dry film is made into a smectic phase by step (ii). In the photopolymerization, the light irradiated to the dry film can be appropriately selected according to the type of photopolymerization initiator contained in the dry film, the type of polymerizable liquid crystal compound (especially the type of photopolymerizable group possessed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound) and the amount thereof.

[0145] As a specific example, one or more light selected from the group consisting of visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, X-rays, α rays, β rays and γ rays, and active electron beams can be cited. Among them, from the aspect of easily controlling the progress of the polymerization reaction and the aspect of using a widely used device in the art as a photopolymerization device, ultraviolet light is preferred, and the type of polymerizable liquid crystal compound and photopolymerization initiator contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is preferably selected in advance in a manner that can be photopolymerized using ultraviolet light. In addition, during polymerization, the polymerization temperature can also be controlled by cooling the dried film while irradiating it with light using appropriate cooling means. When the polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is implemented at a lower temperature by adopting such a cooling means, a polarizing film can be properly formed even if a substrate with lower heat resistance is used. It is also possible to obtain a patterned polarizing film by shielding, developing, etc. during photopolymerization.

[0146] As the light source of the aforementioned active energy rays, there can be mentioned low-pressure mercury lamps, medium-pressure mercury lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, xenon lamps, halogen lamps, carbon arc lamps, tungsten lamps, gallium lamps, excimer lasers, LED light sources emitting light in the wavelength range of 380 to 440 nm, chemical lamps, black light lamps, microwave-excited mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, etc.

[0147] UV radiation intensity is usually 10 to 3,000 mW / cm 2 The ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably an intensity in the wavelength region effective for activating the photopolymerization initiator. The irradiation time is usually 0.1 seconds to 10 minutes, preferably 1 second to 5 minutes, more preferably 5 seconds to 3 minutes, and further preferably 10 seconds to 1 minute. When irradiating once or multiple times with such ultraviolet irradiation intensity, the cumulative light amount is 10 to 3,000 mJ / cm 2 , preferably 50 to 2,000 mJ / cm 2 , more preferably 100 to 1,000 mJ / cm 2 .

[0148] By photopolymerization, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is polymerized while maintaining a liquid crystal state of a smectic phase, preferably a high-order smectic phase, to form a polarizing film. For the polarizing film obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound while maintaining a liquid crystal state of a smectic phase, it is also accompanied by the effect of the aforementioned dichroic pigment, and has the advantage of high polarization performance compared to the conventional host-guest polarizing film, that is, the polarizing film composed of a liquid crystal state of a nematic phase. In addition, compared with the polarizing film coated with only a dichroic pigment or a lyotropic liquid crystal, it has the advantage of excellent strength.

[0149] The thickness of the polarizing film can be appropriately selected depending on the display device etc. to which it is applied, and is preferably 0.1 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 4 μm, and further preferably 0.5 to 3 μm.

[0150] The composition for forming an anisotropic light-absorbing film used in the present disclosure has excellent long-term storage stability and can be used after long-term storage. Therefore, in step (ii), the composition for forming a polarizing film after storage can be used. When the composition for forming a polarizing film after storage is used, it is preferred to further perform step (i) from the viewpoint of effectively suppressing or preventing the orientation defects of the obtained polarizing film.

[0151] Step (i) is a step of storing the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition. In step (i), the storage temperature is preferably 15 to 35° C., more preferably 20 to 30° C. In order to prevent the organic solvent from evaporating, the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition is usually stored in a sealed state. The container containing the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition may be shielded, but the light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition used in the present disclosure, especially the dichroic dye in the composition, can absorb ultraviolet light (wavelength 380 nm) that can generate free radicals (which originate from the photopolymerization initiator), so even without shielding, long-term storage stability is excellent.

[0152] In the display device 1 having the above-described structure, white light L outputted from the light source 2 is sequentially inputted into the polarizing plate 11A, the polarizing plate 11B, and the polarizing plate 11C in the laminate 2. Light of a hue corresponding to the dichroic dye compound A is outputted from the polarizing plate 11A (except in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate 11A (0°±5° in the in-plane direction)), and light of a hue corresponding to the dichroic dye compound B among the light outputted from the polarizing plate 11A is outputted from the polarizing plate 11B (except in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate 11B (90°±5° in the in-plane direction)). Light of a hue corresponding to the dichroic dye compound C among the light outputted from the polarizing plate 11B is outputted from the polarizing plate 11C (except in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate 11C (0°±5° in the vertical direction)).

[0153] As described above, the stack 3 is combined with: a horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film A and a horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film B (polarizing plates 11A, 11B) whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction; and a vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film C (polarizing plate 11C) whose absorption axis is along a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction. In addition, the maximum absorption wavelengths of the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film A (polarizing plate 11A), the horizontally oriented light absorption anisotropic film B (polarizing plate 11B), and the vertically oriented light absorption anisotropic film C (polarizing plate 11C) are different from each other. Therefore, when natural light or white light is incident on the stack 3, the hue of the stack 3 can be made different from each other according to the visual recognition direction. According to the novel stack 3, its use can be expanded.

[0154] In this embodiment, the dichroic pigment compound A, the dichroic pigment compound B, and the dichroic pigment compound C can be selected from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue. In this case, the hue of the stacked body 3 can be made more reliably different according to the visual recognition direction.

[0155] In this embodiment, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C may all be cured products of a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. In this case, the alignment state of the dichroic dye compound can be appropriately fixed.

[0156] In this embodiment, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be a liquid crystal compound forming a smectic phase in at least one or all of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C. Thus, higher polarization characteristics can be obtained.

[0157] As described above, the display device 1 according to the present embodiment uses a stacked body 3 whose hues are different from each other depending on the visual recognition direction. When the stacked body 3 is used as one pixel and light such as white light L is input from the light source 2, light of different hues can be output from one pixel according to the absorption axis directions of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic films A and B and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C. Therefore, for example, by configuring the stacked body 3 in such a way that the absorption axis directions of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic films A and B and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C are different from each other in each pixel, a three-dimensional display can be easily realized, and it can also be used as a decorative film.

[0158] Example

[0159] The present disclosure is described in more detail below by way of examples. Unless otherwise specified, "%" and "parts" in the following examples are "mass %" and "mass parts". The structures and evaluation results of the laminates in the examples and comparative examples are summarized in Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0160] [Production of polymerizable liquid crystal compound]

[0161] Polymerizable liquid crystal compounds (A-6) and (A-7) having the structures shown below were prepared respectively. Polymerizable liquid crystal compounds (A-6) and (A-7) were prepared according to the method described in Lub et al., Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996).

[0162] [Chemical formula 14]

[0163]

[0164] [Chemical formula 15]

[0165]

[0166] [Manufacturing of dichroic pigment compounds]

[0167] As the dichroic dye compound, azo-based dichroic dye compounds (D-1) to (D-3) having the structures shown below and described in Examples of JP-A-2013-101328 were used.

[0168] [Chemical formula 16]

[0169]

[0170] [Chemical formula 17]

[0171]

[0172] [Chemical formula 18]

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] [Measurement of the Maximum Absorption Wavelength of Dichroic Dye Compounds]

[0176] 1 mg of the dichroic pigment compound was dissolved in 50 mL of chloroform to obtain a solution as a sample for measurement. The sample for measurement was placed in a 1 cm optical path cuvette, and the sample for measurement was set in an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (UV-2450, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) to measure the absorption spectrum, and the wavelength of the maximum absorbance was measured based on the obtained absorption spectrum. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0177] [Table 1]

[0178] Dichroic pigment compounds Maximum absorption wavelength [nm] (D-1) 632 (D-2) 544 (D-3) 380

[0179] <Example 1>

[0180] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (1)]

[0181] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (1).

[0182] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-6) 75 parts

[0183] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-7) 25 parts

[0184] ·Dichroic pigment compound: (D-3) 4.0 parts

[0185] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0186] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 1.2 parts

[0187] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0188] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (2)]

[0189] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (2).

[0190] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-6) 75 parts

[0191] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-7) 25 parts

[0192] ·Dichroic pigment compound: (D-2) 4.0 parts

[0193] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0194] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 1.2 parts

[0195] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0196] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (3)]

[0197] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (2).

[0198] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-6) 75 parts

[0199] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-7) 25 parts

[0200] ·Dichroic pigment compound: (D-1) 0.9 parts

[0201] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0202] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 1.2 parts

[0203] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0204] [Production of Oriented Film for Polarizing Plate]

[0205] As a transparent substrate, a glass substrate was used. On the glass substrate, a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (Polyvinyl Alcohol 1000 fully saponified type, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (composition for forming an oriented film) was applied by spin coating to form a dry film with a thickness of 100 nm. Next, the surface of the obtained film was subjected to a friction treatment to form an oriented film. For the friction treatment, a semi-automatic friction device (trade name: LQ-008, manufactured by Choyo Engineering Co., Ltd.) was used, using a cloth (trade name: YA-20-RW, manufactured by Yoshikawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a pressure of 0.15 mm, a rotation speed of 500 rpm, and 16.7 mm / s. By the friction treatment, a laminate (1) having an oriented film formed on a glass substrate was obtained.

[0206] [Production of polarizing plate (1)]

[0207] The composition for forming an optically absorbing anisotropic film (1) was applied to the oriented film on the glass substrate by spin coating, and dried on a hot plate at 120°C for 1 minute, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature to form a dry film on the oriented film. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film was a smectic B phase. Next, a UV irradiation device (Unicure VB-15201BY-A, manufactured by Ushio Electric Co., Ltd.) was used to irradiate the film with ultraviolet light at a rate of 1000 mJ / cm 2 The dried film was irradiated with an exposure amount (based on 365 nm) of 1.5 Å, thereby polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dried film while maintaining the liquid crystal state. Thus, a polarizing plate (1) consisting of a glass substrate / aligned film / horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film was prepared.

[0208] [Production of polarizing plate (2)]

[0209] A polarizing plate (2) consisting of glass substrate / aligned film / horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film was obtained in the same manner as above except that the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (2) was used.

[0210] [Production of polarizing plate (3)]

[0211] The composition (3) for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic film was applied to a glass substrate by spin coating, and dried on a hot plate at 120°C for 1 minute, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature to form a dry film. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film was a smectic B phase. Next, a UV irradiation device (Unicure VB-15201BY-A, manufactured by Ushio Electric Co., Ltd.) was used to irradiate the glass substrate with ultraviolet light at a rate of 1000 mJ / cm 2 The dried film was irradiated with an exposure amount (based on 365 nm) of , thereby polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dried film while maintaining the liquid crystal state. Thus, a polarizing plate (3) composed of a glass substrate / vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film was prepared.

[0212] [Appearance evaluation]

[0213] The laminated bodies according to Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example were placed on a backlight and the hue of the laminated bodies was visually observed under a fluorescent lamp. Figure 4 As shown, the direction of observation is set to 0° direction, 90° direction, and vertical direction. The observation from 0° direction and 90° direction is respectively observed from the direction tilted by a specified angle θ relative to the outermost surface of the laminate. For any direction, θ is set to 45°. The observation position in each direction is set to a position 50 cm from the center of the outermost surface of the laminate.

[0214] [Absorption spectrum measurement]

[0215] The absorption spectra of the laminates in the front direction and the oblique direction (50°) of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples were measured using an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (UV-2450, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Based on the results of the absorption spectra in the front direction, the maximum absorption wavelength λmax and the half-value width of the laminates in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples were evaluated. In addition, the absorbance at 632 nm (A(632)z=0°, A(632)z=50°) was evaluated from the absorption spectra in the front direction and the oblique direction.

[0216] <Example 1>

[0217] In Example 1, a polarizing plate (1), a polarizing plate (2), and a polarizing plate (3) are stacked in order from the side away from the light source so that the absorption axis becomes as follows to prepare a laminated body. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing plate (1), the polarizing plate (2), and the polarizing plate (3) when forming a polarizing film (before photocuring) is a smectic B phase.

[0218] ·In-plane 0° direction of polarizing plate (1)

[0219] ·90° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (2)

[0220] Polarizing plate (3) vertical direction

[0221] In the appearance evaluation of Example 1, the hue observed from the 0° direction is "green", the hue observed from the 90° direction is "purple", and the hue observed from the vertical direction is "orange". Based on this result, it can be confirmed that the laminate involved in Example 1 presents a different hue depending on the direction of visual recognition. Therefore, it can be seen that by configuring the laminate in a manner that the absorption axis directions of the polarizing plate (1), the polarizing plate (2), and the polarizing plate (3) are different from each other in each pixel, a three-dimensional display can be easily achieved. In the spectral measurement of Example 1, the maximum absorption wavelength is 396nm, the half-value width is 120nm, A(632)z=0° is 0.03, and A(632)z=50° is 0.13.

[0222] <Example 2>

[0223] In Example 2, a polarizing plate (1), a polarizing plate (2), and a polarizing plate (3) are stacked in order from the side away from the light source so that the absorption axis becomes as follows to prepare a laminated body. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing plate (1), the polarizing plate (2), and the polarizing plate (3) when forming a polarizing film (before photocuring) is a smectic B phase.

[0224] ·90° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (1)

[0225] ·In-plane 0° direction of polarizing plate (2)

[0226] Polarizing plate (3) vertical direction

[0227] In the appearance evaluation of Example 2, the hue observed from the 0° direction is "purple", the hue observed from the 90° direction is "green", and the hue observed from the vertical direction is "orange". According to this result, it can be confirmed that the laminate involved in Example 2 presents a hue that is different depending on the direction of visual recognition. Therefore, it can be seen that by configuring the laminate in a manner that the absorption axis directions of the polarizer (1), the polarizer (2), and the polarizer (3) are different from each other in each pixel, a three-dimensional display can be easily achieved. In the spectral measurement of Example 2, the maximum absorption wavelength is 548nm, the half-value width is 148nm, A(632)z=0° is 0.29, and A(632)z=50° is 0.38. The half-value width is narrow, so the hues observed from each direction are not easy to overlap, and a clear image display can be achieved in a three-dimensional display.

[0228] <Example 3>

[0229] In Example 3, as the polymerizable liquid crystal compound of the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition, a liquid crystal compound LC242 (registered trademark of BASF Corporation) represented by the following formula (LC242) was used.

[0230] [Chemical formula 19]

[0231]

[0232] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (4)]

[0233] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (4).

[0234] ·Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: LC242 100 parts

[0235] ·Dichroic pigment compound: (D-3) 4.0 parts

[0236] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0237] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 1.2 parts

[0238] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0239] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (5)]

[0240] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (5).

[0241] ·Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: LC242 100 parts

[0242] ·Dichroic pigment compound: (D-2) 4.0 parts

[0243] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0244] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 1.2 parts

[0245] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0246] [Production of polarizing plate (4)]

[0247] The composition (4) for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic film was applied to the oriented film of the glass substrate by spin coating, and dried on a hot plate at 120°C for 1 minute, and then rapidly cooled to room temperature to form a dry film on the oriented film. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film was a nematic phase. Next, a UV irradiation device (Unicure VB-15201BY-A, manufactured by Ushio Electric Co., Ltd.) was used to irradiate the film with ultraviolet light at a rate of 1000 mJ / cm 2 The dry film is irradiated with an exposure amount (based on 365 nm) of , thereby polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the dry film while maintaining the liquid crystal state. Thus, a polarizing plate (4) consisting of a glass substrate / aligned film / horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film (4) is prepared.

[0248] [Production of polarizing plate (5)]

[0249] A polarizing plate (5) consisting of glass substrate / aligned film / horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film (5) was obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of the polarizing plate (4) except that the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (5) was used.

[0250] In Example 3, a polarizing plate (4), a polarizing plate (5), and a polarizing plate (3) are stacked in order from the side away from the light source so that the absorption axis becomes as follows. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing plate (4), the polarizing plate (5), and the polarizing plate (3) when forming a polarizing film (before photocuring) is a nematic phase.

[0251] ·0° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (4)

[0252] ·90° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (5)

[0253] Polarizing plate (3) vertical direction

[0254] In the appearance evaluation of Example 3, the hue observed from the 0° direction is "green", the hue observed from the 90° direction is "purple", and the hue observed from the vertical direction is "orange". Based on this result, it can be confirmed that the laminate involved in Example 3 presents a hue that is different depending on the direction of visual recognition. Therefore, it can be seen that by configuring the laminate in a manner that the absorption axis directions of the polarizing plate (4), the polarizing plate (5), and the polarizing plate (3) are different from each other in each pixel, a three-dimensional display can be easily achieved. In the spectral measurement of Example 3, the maximum absorption wavelength is 390nm, the half-value width is 110nm, A(632)z=0° is 0.02, and A(632)z=50° is 0.13.

[0255] <Example 4>

[0256] In Example 4, a polarizing plate (4), a polarizing plate (5), and a polarizing plate (3) are stacked in order from the side away from the light source so that the absorption axis becomes as follows. The liquid crystal state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing plate (4), the polarizing plate (5), and the polarizing plate (3) when forming a polarizing film (before photocuring) is a nematic phase.

[0257] ·90° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (4)

[0258] ·0° direction in the plane of polarizing plate (5)

[0259] Polarizing plate (3) vertical direction

[0260] In the appearance evaluation of Example 4, the hue observed from the 0° direction is "purple", the hue observed from the 90° direction is "green", and the hue observed from the vertical direction is "orange". Based on this result, it can be confirmed that the laminate involved in Example 4 presents a different hue depending on the direction of visual recognition. Therefore, it can be seen that by configuring the laminate in a manner such that the absorption axis directions of the polarizing plate (4), the polarizing plate (5), and the polarizing plate (6) are different from each other in each pixel, a three-dimensional display can be easily achieved. In the spectral measurement of Example 4, the maximum absorption wavelength is 495nm, the half-value width is 178nm, A(632)z=0° is 0.04, and A(632)z=50° is 0.15.

[0261] <Comparative Example>

[0262] [Preparation of Light Absorption Anisotropic Film-Forming Composition (6)]

[0263] The following components were mixed and stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour to obtain a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (6).

[0264] ·Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-6) 75 parts

[0265] Polymerizable liquid crystal compound: (A-7) 25 parts

[0266] Dichroic pigment compound: (D-2) 2.5 parts

[0267] Dichroic pigment compound: (D-3) 2.5 parts

[0268] Dichroic pigment compound: (D-4) 2.5 parts

[0269] Polymerization initiator: 6 parts of 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one (Irgacure 369; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)

[0270] Leveling agent [polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)]: 0.3 parts

[0271] Solvent: 250 parts of o-xylene

[0272] The dichroic dye compound (D-4) is an azo-based dichroic dye compound described in Examples of JP-A-2016-027387 and having the structure shown below.

[0273] [Chemical formula 20]

[0274]

[0275] [Production of polarizing plate (6)]

[0276] A polarizing plate (6) consisting of glass substrate / aligned film / horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film was obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of the polarizing plate (1) except that the light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition (6) was used.

[0277] [Production of polarizing plate (7)]

[0278] A polarizing plate (7) consisting of a glass substrate / vertically-aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film was obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of the polarizing plate (3) except that the light-absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition (6) was used.

[0279] In the comparative example, a polarizing plate (6) and a polarizing plate (7) were stacked in this order from the side farthest from the light source so that the absorption axis became as follows to prepare a laminate.

[0280] ·In-plane 0° direction of polarizing plate (6)

[0281] Polarizing plate (7) vertical direction

[0282] In the appearance evaluation of the comparative example, the hue observed from the 0° direction was “black”, the hue observed from the 90° direction was “colorless”, and the hue observed from the vertical direction was “black”. Based on this result, it can be confirmed that the laminated body involved in the comparative example does not present different hues depending on the visual recognition direction.

[0283] The gist of the present disclosure is as shown in the following [1] to [6].

[0284] [1] A laminate comprising a horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film A having a dichroic dye compound A, a horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film B having a dichroic dye compound B, and a vertically aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film C having a dichroic dye compound C,

[0285] The absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A and the absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction, and the absorption axis of the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C is along a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction.

[0286] The maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film A, the maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film B, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the vertically aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film C are different from each other.

[0287] [2] The laminate as described in [1], wherein the dichroic pigment compound A, the dichroic pigment compound B, and the dichroic pigment compound C are respectively selected from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue.

[0288] [3] The laminate as described in [1] or [2], wherein the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C are all cured products of a light absorbing anisotropic film-forming composition having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

[0289] [4] The laminate as described in [3], wherein in at least one of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a liquid crystal compound that forms a smectic phase.

[0290] [5] A laminate as described in [3] or [4], wherein in all of the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a liquid crystal compound that forms a smectic phase.

[0291] [6] A display device comprising the laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], and a light source that outputs light toward the laminate.

Claims

1. A laminate comprising a horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film A having a dichroic pigment compound A, a horizontally aligned light absorbing anisotropic film B having a dichroic pigment compound B, and a vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C having a dichroic pigment compound C, The absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film A and the absorption axis of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film B are orthogonal to each other in the in-plane direction. The absorption axis of the vertically aligned light absorbing anisotropic film C is along a vertical direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction. The maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film A, the maximum absorption wavelength of the horizontally aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film B, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the vertically aligned light-absorbing anisotropic film C are different from each other.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The dichroic pigment compound A, the dichroic pigment compound B, and the dichroic pigment compound C are selected from different hues in the group of cyan, magenta, and yellow or the group of red, green, and blue.

3. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertical alignment light absorption anisotropic film C are all cured products of a light absorption anisotropic film-forming composition having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

4. The laminate according to claim 3, wherein: In at least one of the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontally aligned light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertically aligned light absorption anisotropic film C, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a liquid crystal compound that forms a smectic phase.

5. The laminate according to claim 3, wherein: In all of the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film A, the horizontal alignment light absorption anisotropic film B, and the vertical alignment light absorption anisotropic film C, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a liquid crystal compound that forms a smectic phase.

6. A display device comprising: The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5; and A light source outputs light toward the stacked body.

Images