CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of seeding technology of seed drills, specifically to a control module for a numerically controlled precision seed drill and its supporting components, including a storage box and a seeding box installed at its bottom; a controller is installed on the side wall of the storage box, and the controller includes a single-chip microcomputer control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a seeding motor driver, an inverter, and a power module; a discharge port is provided on the front side of the bottom of the storage box, and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box; a seeding portion is provided inside the seeding box, and ground wheel assemblies are installed at both ends of the transverse tube. The present invention collects the rotational angular velocity of the blade wheel through a rotary encoder, and combines it with its radius to achieve a distance measurement effect; then the measured data is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer control module, and the seeding motor driver and the fertilizer motor driver are controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the seeding stepper motor and the fertilizer stepper motor accordingly, thereby achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the seed drill travel speed and the seeding box seeding speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seeding machines, in particular to a control module of a numerically controlled precision seeding machine and its supporting components. Background Art

[0002] With economic development and land centralization, farm-based planting will become the future direction of agricultural planting. The trend of agricultural planting towards automation and unmanned operation is also an inevitable trend in the industry. Traditional manual sowing has many disadvantages, such as high labor costs, uneven sowing per unit area, and low sowing efficiency. However, sowing with a seeder can effectively improve sowing efficiency, reduce labor costs, and achieve precise sowing.

[0003] Currently, most seeding machines are mechanical. Mechanical seeders rely on simple mechanical principles to drive the seeding box to sow seeds. This method has several drawbacks that need to be overcome: a. Mechanical seeders rely on a ground wheel transmission belt to drive the seeding box. If the ground wheel cannot rotate at a constant speed due to friction or terrain factors, the seeding box will not be able to sow seeds evenly, greatly reducing sowing accuracy. b. Mechanical structures cannot directly reflect the output of fertilizer per acre of land, nor can they easily adjust the output speed of fertilizer to meet the requirements of modern production precision.

[0004] Therefore, the current situation is in urgent need of a numerically controlled precision seeder that can be mass-produced and a supporting control module thereof to achieve large-scale precision seeding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a control module of a numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components, comprising a storage box divided into two cavities and a sowing box installed at the bottom thereof, wherein the sowing box is also divided into a two-cavity structure; a horizontal tube is horizontally arranged at the front lower part of the sowing box, and a pulling frame for supporting the sowing box is fixedly connected to the middle part of the horizontal tube; a controller is installed on the side wall of the storage box, and the controller includes a single-chip microcomputer control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a sowing motor driver, an inverter and a power supply module; a discharge port is opened on the front side of the bottom of the storage box, and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box; a sowing part is provided inside the sowing box, and ground wheel groups are installed at both ends of the horizontal tube;

[0007] The sowing unit includes a sowing stepper motor installed on the left side of the sowing box, a fertilizing stepper motor installed on the right side of the sowing box, and a plurality of sowing wheels coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor; the ground wheel assembly includes a blade wheel, a rotary encoder coaxially connected to the blade wheel, and an angle adjustment motor for driving the blade wheel to flip laterally to the horizontal tube;

[0008] The sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver respectively; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, and the rotary encoder is electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the controller is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor and the fertilizing stepping motor through two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the two aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizing feedback device. After the rotary encoder obtains the blade wheel rotation data, it is fed back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizing feedback device through the controller, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are triggered to respectively control the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor to work, thereby driving several sowing wheels to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to the set parameters to throw out seeds and fertilizers.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, when the material inside the storage box is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller to control the angle adjustment motor drive, thereby driving the ground wheel group to flip up and retract, that is, the sowing program stops.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the controller is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and the operator sets the parameters of the controller via the interactive serial port screen.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the controller is connected to an external power supply via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a baffle plate is slidably connected to the front side of the discharge port, a rack is vertically fixedly connected to the front side of the baffle plate, and a gear is meshed with the front side of the rack, and a rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear is provided on the top of the seeding box, and a plurality of discharge bins are arranged side by side on the inner front wall of the seeding box, and the positions of the plurality of discharge bins and the plurality of seeding wheels are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins and the plurality of seeding wheels is equal and distributed in half in the two cavities of the discharge bin.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a material guide pipe is provided on the bottom port of the discharge bin, a ground plug is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal pipe, two material guide pipes are plugged into the ground plug, and the upper ends of the two material guide pipes are respectively plugged into and matched with the discharge bins of the two cavities of the seed box.

[0016] As a further improvement of this technical solution, straight rods are provided at both ends of the axle of the blade wheel, and supporting sleeves are provided at the front ends of the two straight rods through long shaft sleeves. A square rod is welded to the middle of the supporting sleeve and the square rod is fixedly connected to the cross tube.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the axle of the blade wheel and one end of the long axis are fixedly connected to a wheel cover, one end of the wheel cover is welded with a half-circle gear ring, the angle adjustment motor is installed on the square rod and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission gear, and the transmission gear is engaged with the half-circle gear ring.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components are installed on the existing mechanical seeder through the provided controller. The rotary encoder collects the rotational angular velocity of the blade wheel and combines it with its radius to achieve the distance measurement effect. The rotary encoder is then connected to the controller to feed the measured data back to the single-chip microcomputer control module. After program processing, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to adjust the speed of the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor accordingly, thereby achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the seeder travel speed and the sowing speed of the seeding box.

[0020] 2. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components monitor the material inside the storage box by setting a proximity switch. Once the material is insufficient, the proximity switch is triggered to transmit information to the single-chip microcomputer control module, which immediately alarms due to insufficient material; and starts the angle adjustment motor to retract the ground wheel group, and then feeds back information to the single-chip microcomputer control module, which determines that the seeder stops working, thereby achieving the sowing control effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the drawings are merely illustrative and are used to help understand the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the specific circumstances under the guidance of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seed drill of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the storage box and the sowing part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A top view of

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ground wheel assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the module arrangement inside the controller of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the controller control system structure of the present invention;

[0028] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0029] 100, storage box; 101, discharge port; 110, horizontal pipe; 120, pulling frame; 130, baffle plate; 140, seeding box; 141, discharge bin;

[0030] 200, sowing unit; 210, sowing stepper motor; 220, fertilization stepper motor; 230, sowing wheel; 240, material guide tube; 250, ground insertion tube;

[0031] 300, ground wheel assembly; 310, blade wheel; 311, support sleeve; 320, rotary encoder; 330, wheel cover; 331, half-ring gear; 340, angle adjustment motor; 341, transmission gear;

[0032] 400. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, any possible variations of the present invention conceived by skilled artisans should be considered within the scope of the present invention. The terms "mounted" and "connected" should be understood broadly, meaning direct connection as well as indirect connection through an intermediary.

[0034] The terms "central axis," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," "back," "up," "down," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inside," and "outside" used herein to indicate positions or location relationships are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, "several" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a control module for a numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components, including a storage box 100 divided into two cavities and a sowing box 140 installed at the bottom thereof, the sowing box 140 also having a two-cavity structure; a horizontal tube 110 is horizontally provided at the front lower portion of the sowing box 140, and a pulling frame 120 for supporting the sowing box 140 is fixedly connected to the middle portion of the horizontal tube 110; a controller 400 is installed on the side wall of the storage box 100, and the controller 400 includes a single-chip microcomputer control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a sowing motor driver, an inverter and a power supply module; a discharge port 101 is provided on the front side of the bottom of the storage box 100, and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box 100; a sowing part 200 is provided inside the sowing box 140, and a ground wheel group 300 is installed at both ends of the horizontal tube 110;

[0036] The sowing unit 200 includes a sowing stepper motor 210 mounted on the left side of the sowing box 140, a fertilizing stepper motor 220 mounted on the right side of the sowing box 140, and a plurality of sowing wheels 230 coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220. The ground wheel assembly 300 includes a blade wheel 310, a rotary encoder 320 coaxially connected to the blade wheel 310, and an angle adjustment motor 340 for driving the blade wheel 310 to flip laterally to the horizontal tube 110.

[0037] The sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220 are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver respectively; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor 340, and the rotary encoder 320 is electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver;

[0038] This device installs a single-chip microcomputer control module, a motor driver, and an inverter on a mounting base, which is fixed to a sheet metal box-type housing through the mounting base to form a controller 400. The rotary encoder 320 collects the rotational angular velocity of the blade wheel 310 and combines it with its radius to achieve a distance measurement effect. The rotary encoder 320 is then connected to the controller 400, and the measured data is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer control module. After program processing, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to correspondingly adjust the rotation speed of the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220, thereby achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the sowing machine travel speed and the sowing speed of the sowing box. On this basis, the user can set the speed parameters through the controller 400.

[0039] The proximity switch is then used to monitor the material inside the storage box 100. Once the material is insufficient, the proximity switch is triggered to transmit information to the single-chip control module, which determines that there is insufficient material and immediately alarms; and starts the angle adjustment motor 340 to retract the ground wheel group 300, and then feeds back information to the single-chip control module, which determines that the planter has stopped working.

[0040] Furthermore, the controller 400 is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor 210 and the fertilizing stepping motor 220 through two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires;

[0041] Two of the aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizer feedback device. After the rotary encoder 320 obtains the rotation data of the blade wheel 310, it is fed back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizer feedback device through the controller 400, triggering the sowing motor driver and the fertilizer motor driver to respectively control the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizer stepper motor 220 to work, and then drive several sowing wheels 230 to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to the set parameters to throw out seeds and fertilizers.

[0042] Furthermore, when the material inside the storage box 100 is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller 400 to control the angle adjustment motor 340 to drive, thereby driving the ground wheel assembly 300 to turn up and retract, that is, the sowing process stops;

[0043] The controller 400 is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and the operator sets parameters of the controller 400 via the interactive serial port screen; the controller 400 is connected to an external power supply via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

[0044] In addition, a baffle plate 130 is slidably connected to the front side of the discharge port 101, and a rack is vertically fixedly connected to the front side of the baffle plate 130, and a gear is meshed with the front side of the rack. A rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear is provided on the top of the seeding box 140, and the gear is rotated by rotating the rotating rod, and the baffle plate 130 is adjusted to adjust the discharge amount of the discharge port 101; a plurality of discharge bins 141 are arranged side by side on the inner front wall of the seeding box 140, and the positions of the plurality of discharge bins 141 and the plurality of seeding wheels 230 are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins 141 and the plurality of seeding wheels 230 are equal and distributed in half in the two cavities of the discharge bin 141;

[0045] The bottom port of the discharge bin 141 is sleeved with a guide pipe 240, and a ground plug-in pipe 250 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal pipe 110. Two guide pipes 240 are plugged into the ground plug-in pipe 250, and the upper ends of the two guide pipes 240 are respectively plugged into the discharge bins 141 of the two cavities of the sowing box 140; fertilizers and seeds are poured into the two cavities of the storage box 100 respectively, and then fall into the two cavities of the sowing box 140, and then fall from several guide pipes 240 into the ground plug-in pipe 250. The ground plug-in pipe 250 slides in contact with the ground and releases fertilizers and seeds into the soil at the same time.

[0046] Furthermore, straight rods are sleeved at both ends of the axle of the impeller 310, and support sleeves 311 are sleeved at the front ends of the two straight rods through long shaft sleeves. A square rod is welded to the middle of the support sleeve 311, and the square rod is fixedly connected to the cross tube 110, so that the impeller 310 is supported by the support sleeve 311 as a whole and can rotate.

[0047] The wheel axle and one end of the long axis of the blade wheel 310 are fixedly connected with a wheel cover 330, which is used to protect the rotary encoder 320 and prevent outsiders from touching the blade wheel 310; a half-circle gear ring 331 is welded to one end of the wheel cover 330, and the angle adjustment motor 340 is installed on the square rod and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission gear 341. The transmission gear 341 is engaged with the half-circle gear ring 331, and the angle adjustment motor 340 drives the transmission gear 341 to rotate, and the half-circle gear ring 331 drives the wheel cover 330 and the blade wheel 310 to flip over the horizontal tube 110 as a whole, and the sowing work is stopped.

[0048] When the numerical control precision seeder control module of the present invention and its supporting components and the storage box 100 are pulled and moved as a whole, the external power supply supplies power to the controller 400, the single-chip control module starts to work, and controls the blade wheel 310 to touch the ground, and then the sowing program starts to run; the operator uses the interactive serial port screen to complete the setting of the sowing mode and parameters, and then the seeder as a whole can be started to move forward; during the movement, the rotary encoder 320 collects the rotation data of the blade wheel 310 and feeds it back to the single-chip control module. After being processed by the set program, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220 accordingly, and the sowing box 140 starts to automatically adjust the seeding and fertilizing according to the parameters, thereby achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the sowing machine travel speed and the sowing box sowing speed;

[0049] When the fertilizer and seeds are exhausted, the proximity switch at the bottom of the storage box 100 is triggered to feedback a signal to the single-chip control module, which determines that there is insufficient material and immediately alarms; and starts the angle adjustment motor 340 to retract the ground wheel group 300, and then feedback information to the single-chip control module, which determines that the planter has stopped working.

[0050] It is worth mentioning that Figure 5 The serial number labels are as follows: 1 control module, 2 fertilization motor driver, 3 sowing motor driver, 4 inverter, 5 inverter, M1 external power supply, M2 sowing stepper motor, M3 fertilization stepper motor, M4 fertilization feedback, M5 proximity switch, M6 angle adjustment motor, M7 sowing feedback, M8 rotary encoder, M9 interactive serial port screen, K1 wiring switch, Q1~Q9 aviation plugs;

[0051] Figure 6The serial number marks are as follows: M1 external power supply, M2 sowing stepper motor, M3 fertilization stepper motor, M4 fertilization feedback, M5 proximity switch, M6 angle adjustment motor, M7 sowing feedback, M8 rotary encoder, M9 interactive serial port screen, K1 wiring switch, B1 controller, B2 sowing box, B3 transmission gear, B4 blade wheel.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and substance of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control module for a numerically controlled precision seed drill and its supporting components, comprising a storage box (100) divided into two cavities and a seeding box (140) mounted at the bottom thereof, wherein the seeding box (140) is also divided into two cavities; a horizontal pipe (110) is disposed horizontally at the lower front portion of the seeding box (140); and characterized in that: A controller (400) is installed on the side wall of the storage box (100), and the controller (400) includes a single-chip microcomputer control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a sowing motor driver, an inverter, and a power module; a discharge port (101) is provided on the front side of the bottom of the storage box (100), and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box (100); a sowing portion (200) is provided inside the sowing box (140), and ground wheel assemblies (300) are installed at both ends of the transverse tube (110); The sowing unit (200) comprises a sowing stepper motor (210) installed on the left side of the sowing box (140), a fertilizing stepper motor (220) installed on the right side of the sowing box (140), and a plurality of sowing wheels (230) coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor (210) and the fertilizing stepper motor (220); the ground wheel assembly (300) comprises a blade wheel (310), a rotary encoder (320) coaxially connected to the blade wheel (310), and an angle adjustment motor (340) for driving the blade wheel (310) to flip laterally of the transverse tube (110); The proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor (340), and the rotary encoder (320) is electrically connected to both the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver; The controller (400) is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor (210) and the fertilizing stepping motor (220) via two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires; Two of the aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizing feedback device. After the rotary encoder (320) obtains the rotation data of the blade wheel (310), it is fed back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizing feedback device via the controller (400), thereby triggering the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver to respectively control the sowing stepping motor (210) and the fertilizing stepping motor (220) to work, thereby driving the plurality of sowing wheels (230) to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to the set parameters and throw out seeds and fertilizers; When the material inside the storage box (100) is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller (400) to control the angle adjustment motor (340) to drive, thereby driving the ground wheel assembly (300) to turn up and retract, that is, the sowing process stops; Straight rods are sleeved at both ends of the wheel shaft of the blade wheel (310), and support sleeves (311) are provided at the front ends of the two straight rods through long shaft sleeves. A square rod is welded to the middle of the support sleeve (311), and the square rod is fixedly connected to the horizontal tube (110). The wheel shaft and one end of the long axis of the blade wheel (310) are fixedly connected to a wheel cover (330), and a half-circle gear ring (331) is welded to one end of the wheel cover (330). The angle adjustment motor (340) is mounted on the square rod, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to a transmission gear (341), and the transmission gear (341) is meshed with the half-circle gear ring (331).

2. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing stepping motor (210) and the fertilizing stepping motor (220) are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver, respectively.

3. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller (400) is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and an operator sets parameters of the controller (400) via the interactive serial port screen; the controller (400) is connected to an external power supply via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

4. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front side of the discharge port (101) is slidably connected to a baffle plate (130), the front side of the baffle plate (130) is vertically fixedly connected to a rack, and the front side of the rack is meshed with a gear, the top of the sowing box (140) is sleeved with a rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear, and a plurality of discharge bins (141) are arranged side by side on the internal front wall of the sowing box (140), the plurality of discharge bins (141) and the plurality of sowing wheels (230) are arranged in corresponding positions, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins (141) and the plurality of sowing wheels (230) are equal and distributed in half in the two cavities of the sowing box (140).

5. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pulling frame (120) for supporting the seeding box (140) is fixedly connected to the middle of the transverse tube (110), a material guide pipe (240) is sleeved on the bottom port of the discharge bin (141), and a ground plug (250) is fixedly connected below the transverse tube (110). Two material guide pipes (240) are plugged into the ground plug (250), and the upper ends of the two material guide pipes (240) are respectively plugged into the discharge bins (141) of the two cavities of the seeding box (140).

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