Earth and stone material full-grading detection device and method based on grading imaging

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent detection of soil and stone material gradation, and particularly relates to a grading imaging-based soil and stone material full-gradation detection device and a grading imaging-based soil and stone material full-gradation detection method. Comprising a conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system, a control and grading detection system and a grading imaging system which are arranged at the upper part of a movable bottom plate; the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system comprises a tail end photoelectric sensor, a front end photoelectric sensor and a conveyor belt; a tail end photoelectric sensor and a front end photoelectric sensor are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt; according to the invention, full-grading detection of soil and stone materials is realized; through screening and automatic weighing of soil and stone particles with the particle sizes of 500-800 mm and 0-5 mm, the imaging process of the soil and stone particles with the particle sizes of 5-500 mm is optimized through the soil and stone grading device, the problem that image acquisition is affected by dust impurities is solved in cooperation with the watering and dust removing system, and finally the problem that image acquisition is affected by the fact that large stone blocks small stone and the dust impurities is solved. And the full-grading detection precision of the earth and stone materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent detection of soil and rock gradation, and in particular relates to a soil and rock full gradation detection device and method based on graded imaging. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of earth-rock dam, the dam body is filled with a large amount of soil and rock, and the compaction quality control requirements are high. The gradation of the filling material is one of the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of the soil and rock after compaction, which is extremely important in the project. The use of reasonably graded filling materials can ensure the compaction quality of the earth-rock dam project and improve the anti-seepage and anti-deformation capabilities of the filling project. Therefore, the soil and rock gradation detection is a key link in the quality control of rockfill dams.

[0003] The particle size range of soil and rock required for dam filling is 0-800mm. The traditional soil and rock grading detection method is mainly based on screening experiments, using manual shaking screen or shaking screen machine to perform grading screening. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has certain limitations for small particles, large particles and irregularly shaped soil and rock materials, and it is difficult to meet the needs of modern intelligent construction for fast and efficient construction. With the rapid development of modern computer technology and photography technology, image recognition technology has been widely used and has made good progress in the field of water conservancy projects, providing a new direction for the rapid detection of full gradation of rockfill materials in earth-rock dams.

[0004] At present, the intelligent detection device of soil and rock materials based on image recognition technology is difficult to meet the requirements of the current efficient mechanized filling construction of earth-rock dams due to the huge detection volume, wide range of particle size distribution, dark color and other characteristics of soil and rock materials. It is easy for large stones to block small stones and dust impurities to affect image acquisition. Therefore, an intelligent detection method for soil and rock gradation suitable for complex construction sites is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil and stone material full gradation detection device and method based on graded imaging, and the present invention realizes soil and stone material full gradation detection; the present invention screens and automatically weighs soil and stone material particles with particle sizes of 500-800mm and 0-5mm, and at the same time utilizes a soil and stone material grading device to optimize the imaging process of soil and stone material particles with a particle size of 5-500mm, cooperates with a water sprinkling and dust removal system to solve the problem of image acquisition affected by dust impurities, and finally solves the problem of large stones blocking small stones and dust impurities affecting image acquisition, thereby improving the accuracy of soil and stone material full gradation detection.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging, comprising a conveyor belt and a photoelectric detection system, a control and gradation detection system and a graded imaging system, wherein the three systems are placed on the upper part of a movable bottom plate; the conveyor belt and the photoelectric detection system comprise an end photoelectric sensor, a front photoelectric sensor and a conveyor belt; an end photoelectric sensor and a front photoelectric sensor are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt;

[0008] The control and grading detection system includes a central control system and a rear monitoring system, which are respectively located on both sides of the grading imaging system; the central control system is provided with a monitoring room, and a front 3D camera is arranged on the left side of the monitoring room; the rear monitoring system includes a 3D camera protection box and a rear 3D camera inside the 3D camera protection box; the rear 3D camera and the front 3D camera jointly shoot the middle stone;

[0009] The grading imaging system is located at the conveyor belt discharge end of the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system; the grading imaging system includes a water sprinkling and dust removal system, an opening and closing system, a 0-5mm dust particle collection and weighing system, and a 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system; the grading imaging system can realize the rapid detection of the grading of earth and stone in the particle size range of 0-800mm required for the filling of the earth-rock dam body.

[0010] Furthermore, the water sprinkling and dust removal system is a spray mechanism, which includes four spray devices, a water tank, a water pipe, and a water pump; the four spray devices are installed around the graded imaging system to remove dust from the surrounding environment of the graded imaging system; the water pipe connects the four spray devices, the water inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the water pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening and closing system is an opening and closing mechanism, which includes a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic oil pipe, a first hydraulic rod, a hydraulic oil pump, a hydraulic motor, a vibration motor, a screening slope, an isolation baffle, a buffer belt, and an opening and closing plate; the backs of the two opening and closing plates are hinged to the first hydraulic rod, and the two sides of the opening and closing plates are rotatably connected to the frame; the hydraulic motor drives the hydraulic pump to transport the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank to the first hydraulic rod through the hydraulic oil pipe, thereby controlling the opening and closing plate to rotate on the frame for opening and closing; a vibration motor is installed on the back of the opening and closing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the isolation baffle is installed on the upper part of the opening and closing plate; a buffer belt is installed on the front side of the opening and closing plate, and the screening slope is arranged below the opening and closing plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the 0-5mm dust particle collection and weighing system is a wind screening mechanism, which includes a fan, a protective shell, a 5mm screen, a small-particle stone storage bin, and a first gravity sensor; the fan is installed on a frame on the left side of two opening and closing plates, and the protective shell is installed on the outside of the fan; the 5mm screen is installed on the frame on the left side of the two opening and closing plates, and the small-particle stone storage bin is installed on the frame and connected to the 5mm screen; the two first gravity sensors are arranged at the lower end of the interior of the small-particle stone storage bin.

[0014] Furthermore, the 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system is a mesh screen mechanism, which includes three second gravity sensors, a screen with a sieve hole size of 500mm×500mm×50mm (length×width×thickness), two second hydraulic rods, and a rotating shaft; one side of the screen is rotatably connected to the frame through a rotating shaft; one end of the two second hydraulic rods is hinged to the frame, and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate, the second gravity sensor is installed on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate abuts against the bottom of the screen.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveyor belt includes a motor, and the motor drives the roller to rotate, so that the conveyor belt crawler rotates to transport soil and stone materials; the fixed end of the conveyor belt is supported by a bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, a display screen, a central control system, and a computer case are installed in the monitoring room for data analysis.

[0017] Furthermore, the end photoelectric sensor transmits the photoelectric signal to the monitoring room control system by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the water pump. The front-end photoelectric sensor transmits the photoelectric signal to the monitoring room control system by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the fan.

[0018] A detection method using the soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: When the soil and stone materials pass through the end photoelectric sensor on the transmission belt, the photoelectric signal is transmitted to the monitoring room control system by wire. The control system starts the fan to blow the 0-5mm dust particles into the small-size stone storage bin opposite, and automatically weighs them using the first gravity sensor;

[0020] Step 2: synchronously, the control system controls the water pump of the water sprinkling and dust removal system to pump water, and the spray device reduces dust in the surrounding environment;

[0021] Step 3: synchronously, the control system starts the vibration motor under the opening and closing plate, and causes small-sized stones in the large-sized soil and stone materials to fall to the bottom of the opening and closing plate in the closed state through high-frequency vibration;

[0022] Step 4: The conveyor belt feeds the material to the grading imaging system. The top screen of the grading imaging system and the second gravity sensor realize 500-800mm soil and stone material screening and automatic weighing, and the second hydraulic rod flips and dumps the screen to complete the dumping of the screened material.

[0023] Step 5: The photoelectric sensor at the front end of the conveyor belt detects that the soil and stone material transmission is completed, and the signal is transmitted to the monitoring room control system. The control system starts the first hydraulic rod under the opening and closing plate, and synchronously, the control system controls the watering and dust removal system to be turned off;

[0024] Step 6: The first hydraulic rod is operated to control the angle between the opening and closing plate and the vertical direction from 53.13 degrees to 30 degrees, so that the soil and stone materials with a particle size of 5-500 mm can fall in the order of small to large particle size;

[0025] Step 7: The front 3D camera and the rear 3D camera continuously shoot the soil and stone particles falling in the imaging area. From all the frames, two-side frames of soil and stone particles of one specification are taken out at a set optimal frame-taking interval in sequence and saved as valid frames of soil and stone particles of this specification.

[0026] Step 8: Transmit the soil and rock material quality information of 0-5mm and 500-800mm particle sizes and the soil and rock material image information of 5-500mm particle size to the computer case of the monitoring room in real time;

[0027] Step 9: Perform image processing on the valid frame images of soil and stone particles of various specifications, perform image preprocessing, image segmentation, depth data acquisition, point cloud processing, particle size recognition and quality calculation, and complete the full gradation detection of soil and stone materials in combination with other quality data in step 7.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system of the present invention screens 500-800mm particle size soil and stone and uses the second gravity sensor to complete the quality inspection, then screens 0-5mm particle size soil and stone through the fan machine and uses the first gravity sensor to complete the quality inspection, and finally the vibration motor of the V-shaped aggregate area formed by the opening and closing plate vibrates to realize that the small-size stone in the 5-500mm particle size range of soil and stone falls on the bottom of the closing plate in the closed state, ensuring that the stone falls according to the particle size level, and at the same time the grading system controls the opening and closing device to gradually open from closed to realize that the 5-500mm particle size soil and stone falls in the order of small to large particle size, and the 5-500mm particle size is completed based on 3D vision technology. The invention can identify the particle size and calculate the weight of soil and stone materials with a particle size of 0mm, so as to realize the full gradation detection of soil and stone materials; the invention screens and automatically weighs soil and stone material particles with particle sizes of 500-800mm and 0-5mm, and uses a soil and stone grading device to optimize the imaging process of soil and stone material particles with a particle size of 5-500mm, cooperates with a water sprinkling and dust removal system to solve the problem of image acquisition affected by dust impurities, and finally solves the problem of large stones blocking small stones and dust impurities affecting image acquisition, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the full gradation of soil and stone materials, and provides a feasible technical route for the comprehensive, efficient and high-precision detection of soil and stone material gradation. It is suitable for complex construction sites and has important reference value and significance for engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor belt and the photoelectric detection system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control and grading detection system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the built-in structure of the monitoring room of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rear-mounted shooting structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hierarchical imaging system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the water sprinkling and dust removal system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the opening and closing system of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the 0-5 mm dust particle collection and weighing system of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention.

[0041] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0042] Conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system-1, control and grading detection system-2, grading imaging system-3, water sprinkling and dust removal system-4, opening and closing system-5, 0-5mm dust particle collection and weighing system-6, 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system-7, movable bottom plate-8, end photoelectric sensor-11, front photoelectric sensor-12, conveyor belt-13, bracket-131, conveyor belt crawler-132, roller-133, motor-14, central control system-21, monitoring room-211, front 3D camera-212, display screen-213, central control system-214, computer case-215, rear monitoring system-22, 3D camera protection box-221, rear 3D camera-222, Spray mechanism-31, spray device-311, water tank-312, water pipe-313, water pump-314, opening and closing mechanism-32, hydraulic oil tank-3201, hydraulic oil pipe-3202, first hydraulic rod-3203, hydraulic oil pump-3204, hydraulic motor-3205, vibration motor-3206, screening slope-3207, isolation baffle-3208, buffer belt-3209, opening and closing plate-3210, wind screening mechanism-33, fan-331, protective shell-332, 5mm sieve-333, small particle size stone storage bin-334, first gravity sensor-335, mesh screen mechanism-34, second gravity sensor-341, sieve-342, second hydraulic rod-343, rotating shaft-344. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] Although the steps in the present invention are arranged with numbers, they are not used to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is clearly stated or the execution of a certain step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It is understood that the term "and / or" used in this article involves and covers any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] Example

[0046] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging includes a conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system 1, a control and gradation detection system 2 and a graded imaging system 3, and the three systems are placed on the upper part of a movable bottom plate 8; the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system 1 includes an end photoelectric sensor 11, a front photoelectric sensor 12 and a conveyor belt 13; the end photoelectric sensor 11 and the front photoelectric sensor 12 are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt;

[0047] The control and grading detection system 2 includes a central control system 21 and a rear monitoring system 22, which are respectively located on both sides of the grading imaging system 3; the central control system 21 is provided with a monitoring room 211, and a front 3D camera 212 is arranged on the left side of the monitoring room 211; the rear monitoring system 22 includes a 3D camera protection box 221 and a rear 3D camera 222 inside the 3D camera protection box 221; the rear 3D camera 222 and the front 3D camera 212 jointly shoot the middle stone;

[0048] The grading imaging system 3 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 13 of the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system 1; the grading imaging system 3 includes a water sprinkling and dust removal system 4, an opening and closing system 5, a 0-5mm dust particle collection and weighing system 6, and a 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system 7; the grading imaging system 3 can realize the rapid detection of the grading of earth and stone in the particle size range of 0-800mm required for the filling of the earth-rock dam body.

[0049] Furthermore, the water spraying and dust removal system 4 is a spray mechanism 31, which includes four spray devices 311, a water tank 312, a water pipe 313, and a water pump 314; the four spray devices 311 are installed around the graded imaging system 3 to remove dust from the surrounding environment of the graded imaging system 3; the water pipe 313 connects the four spray devices 311, the water inlet end of the water pump 314 is connected to the water tank 312, and the water outlet end of the water pump 314 is connected to the water pipe 313. The problem of image acquisition affected by dust impurities can be solved.

[0050] Furthermore, the opening and closing system 5 is an opening and closing mechanism 32, and the opening and closing mechanism 32 includes a hydraulic oil tank 3201, a hydraulic oil pipe 3202, a first hydraulic rod 3203, a hydraulic oil pump 3204, a hydraulic motor 3205, a vibration motor 3206, a screening slope 3207, an isolation baffle 3208, a buffer belt 3209, and an opening and closing plate 3210; the backs of the two opening and closing plates 3210 are hinged to the first hydraulic rod 3203, and the two sides of the opening and closing plates 3210 are rotatably connected to the frame; the hydraulic motor 3205 drives the hydraulic pump 3204 to transport the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 3201 to the first hydraulic rod 3203 through the hydraulic oil pipe 3202, thereby controlling the opening and closing plates 3210 to rotate on the frame for opening and closing; a vibration motor 3206 is installed on the back of the opening and closing plates 3210. By high-frequency vibration, small-sized stones in a large-sized range of soil and stone materials fall to the bottom of the closed opening and closing plate 3210, which can solve the problem of large-sized stones blocking small stones and ensure that the stones fall freely from small to large.

[0051] Furthermore, the isolation baffle 3208 is installed on the upper part of the opening and closing plate 3210 ; the buffer belt 3209 is installed on the front side of the opening and closing plate 3210 , and the screening slope 3207 is arranged below the opening and closing plate 3210 .

[0052] The isolation baffle 3208 can prevent small stones from getting stuck in the gap of the instrument during the falling process; the buffer belt 3209 can protect the opening and closing plate 3210 during the falling process of the stones; the screening slope 3207 can make the stones automatically roll to both sides after falling, and will not accumulate inside the system, so that the system can run continuously.

[0053] Furthermore, the 0-5mm dust particle collection and weighing system 6 is a wind screening mechanism 33, which includes a fan 331, a protective shell 332, a 5mm screen 333, a small-particle stone storage bin 334, and a first gravity sensor 335; the fan 331 is installed on the frame on the left side of the two opening and closing plates 3210, and the protective shell 332 is installed on the outside of the fan 331; the 5mm screen 333 is installed on the frame on the left side of the two opening and closing plates 3210, and the small-particle stone storage bin 334 is installed on the frame and connected to the 5mm screen 333; the two first gravity sensors 335 are arranged at the lower end of the inside of the small-particle stone storage bin 334. The fan 331 blows small-sized stones into the system, and the small-sized stones will be blown onto the 5mm screen 333 on the right. The stones with a diameter less than 5mm will enter the small-sized stone storage bin 334 on the right and fall onto the two first gravity sensors 335 set at the bottom. The stones with a diameter of 0-5mm will be stored in the storage bin; the first gravity sensor 335 will weigh and analyze them.

[0054] Further, the 500-800 mm particle size stone screening and weighing system 7 is a mesh screen mechanism 34, which includes three second gravity sensors 341, a screen 342 with a mesh size of 500 mm×500 mm×50 mm (length×width×thickness), two second hydraulic rods 343, and a rotating shaft 344; one side of the screen 342 is rotatably connected to the frame through the rotating shaft 344; one end of the two second hydraulic rods 343 is hinged to the frame, and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate, the second gravity sensor 341 is installed on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate abuts against the bottom of the screen 342. The two second hydraulic rods 343 and the rotating shaft 344 enable the screen 342 to be turned over.

[0055] Furthermore, the conveyor belt includes a motor 14, and the motor 14 drives the roller 133 to rotate, so that the conveyor belt crawler 132 rotates to transport soil and stone materials; the fixed end of the conveyor belt 13 is supported by a bracket 131. The conveyor belt crawler 132 is driven by the motor 14 to transport soil and stone materials.

[0056] Furthermore, a display screen 213, a central control system 214, and a computer case 215 are installed in the monitoring room 211 for data analysis. Two 3D cameras take pictures of the soil and stone materials together and transmit them to the central control system 214 for data analysis.

[0057] Furthermore, the end photoelectric sensor 11 transmits the photoelectric signal to the monitoring room 211 control system by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the water pump 314. The front-end photoelectric sensor 12 transmits the photoelectric signal to the monitoring room 211 control system by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the fan 331.

[0058] A detection method using the soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: When the soil and stone materials pass through the end photoelectric sensor 11 on the transmission belt 13, the photoelectric signal is transmitted to the control system of the monitoring room 211 by wire. The control system starts the fan 331 to blow the dust particles of 0-5 mm into the small-size stone storage bin 334 opposite, and automatically weighs them using the first gravity sensor 335;

[0060] Step 2, synchronously, the control system controls the water pump 314 of the water sprinkling and dust removal system 4 to start pumping water, and the spray device 311 reduces dust in the surrounding environment;

[0061] Step 3, synchronously, the control system controls the vibration motor 3206 under the opening and closing plate 3210 to start, and the small-sized stones in the large-sized soil and stone materials fall to the bottom of the opening and closing plate 3210 in the closed state through high-frequency vibration;

[0062] Step 4, the conveyor belt 13 delivers the material to the grading imaging system 3, the top screen 342 of the grading imaging system 3 and the second gravity sensor 341 realize 500-800mm soil and stone material screening and automatic weighing, and the second hydraulic rod 343 flips and dumps the screen 342 to complete the dumping of the screened material;

[0063] Step 5: The front-end photoelectric sensor 12 of the conveyor belt 13 detects that the soil and stone material transmission is completed, and the signal is transmitted to the control system of the monitoring room 211. The control system starts the first hydraulic rod 3203 under the opening and closing plate 3210, and synchronously, the control system controls the watering and dust removal system 4 to be closed;

[0064] Step 6: The first hydraulic rod 3203 operates to control the angle between the opening and closing plate 3210 and the vertical direction from 53.13 degrees to 30 degrees, so that the soil and stone materials with a particle size of 5-500 mm fall in the order of small to large particle size;

[0065] Step 7: The front 3D camera 212 and the rear 3D camera 222 continuously shoot the soil and rock particles falling in the imaging area. From all the frames, two-side frames of soil and rock particles of one specification are taken out at every set optimal frame-taking interval in sequence and saved as valid frames of soil and rock particles of this specification.

[0066] Step 8: Transmitting the soil and rock material quality information of 0-5 mm and 500-800 mm particle sizes and the soil and rock material image information of 5-500 mm particle size to the computer case 215 of the monitoring room 211 in real time;

[0067] Step 9: Perform image processing on the valid frame images of soil and stone particles of various specifications, perform image preprocessing, image segmentation, depth data acquisition, point cloud processing, particle size recognition and quality calculation, and complete the full gradation detection of soil and stone materials in combination with other quality data in step 7.

[0068] The 500-800mm particle size stone screening and weighing system 7 of the present invention screens 500-800mm particle size soil and stone materials and uses the second gravity sensor 341 to complete the quality inspection, then screens 0-5mm particle size soil and stone materials through the fan 331 and uses the first gravity sensor 335 to complete the quality inspection, and finally the V-shaped aggregate area formed by the opening and closing plate 3210 and the vibration motor 3206 vibrate to realize that the small-size stone materials in the 5-500mm particle size range of soil and stone materials fall to the bottom of the closed state opening and closing plate 3210, ensuring that the stone materials fall according to the particle size level, and at the same time the grading system controls the opening and closing device to gradually open from closed, so that the 5-500mm particle size soil and stone materials fall in the order of small to large particle size, based on 3 3D vision technology is used to complete the particle size identification and weight calculation of soil and stone materials with a particle size of 5-500mm, thereby realizing the full gradation detection of soil and stone materials; the present invention screens and automatically weighs soil and stone material particles with a particle size of 500-800mm and 0-5mm, and uses a soil and stone material grading device to optimize the imaging process of soil and stone material particles with a particle size of 5-500mm, and cooperates with a water sprinkling and dust removal system 4 to solve the problem of image acquisition affected by dust impurities, and finally solves the problem of large stones blocking small stones and dust impurities affecting image acquisition, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the full gradation of soil and stone materials, providing a feasible technical route for the comprehensive, efficient and high-precision detection of soil and stone material gradation, and is suitable for complex construction sites, with important reference value and significance for engineering applications.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and changes without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system (1), a control and grading detection system (2) and a grading imaging system (3), wherein the three systems are placed on the upper part of a movable bottom plate (8); the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system (1) comprises an end photoelectric sensor (11), a front photoelectric sensor (12) and a conveyor belt (13); the end photoelectric sensor (11) and the front photoelectric sensor (12) are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt (13); The control and grading detection system (2) comprises a central control system (21) and a rear monitoring system (22), wherein the central control system (21) and the rear monitoring system (22) are respectively located on both sides of the grading imaging system (3); the central control system (21) is provided with a monitoring room (211), and a front 3D camera (212) is arranged on the left side of the monitoring room (211); the rear monitoring system (22) comprises a 3D camera protection box (221) and a rear 3D camera (222) inside the 3D camera protection box (221); the rear 3D camera (222) and the front 3D camera (212) jointly photograph the stone in the middle; The grading imaging system (3) is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt (13) of the conveyor belt and photoelectric detection system (1); the grading imaging system (3) comprises a water sprinkling and dust removal system (4), an opening and closing system (5), a 0-5 mm dust particle collection and weighing system (6), and a 500-800 mm particle size stone screening and weighing system (7); the grading imaging system (3) can realize rapid detection of soil and stone grading in the particle size range of 0-800 mm required for the filling of the earth-rock dam body.

2. According to claim 1, a soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging is characterized in that: The water sprinkling and dust removal system (4) is a spray mechanism (31), and the spray mechanism (31) comprises four spray devices (311), a water tank (312), a water pipe (313), and a water pump (314); the four spray devices (311) are installed around the graded imaging system (3) to remove dust from the surrounding environment of the graded imaging system (3); the water pipe (313) connects the four spray devices (311), the water inlet end of the water pump (314) is connected to the water tank (312), and the water outlet end of the water pump (314) is connected to the water pipe (313).

3. According to claim 2, a soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging is characterized in that: The opening and closing system (5) is an opening and closing mechanism (32), and the opening and closing mechanism (32) includes a hydraulic oil tank (3201), a hydraulic oil pipe (3202), a first hydraulic rod (3203), a hydraulic oil pump (3204), a hydraulic motor (3205), a vibration motor (3206), a screening slope (3207), an isolation baffle (3208), a buffer belt (3209), and an opening and closing plate (3210); the back sides of the two opening and closing plates (3210) The opening and closing plate (3210) is hinged to the first hydraulic rod (3203), and the two sides of the opening and closing plate (3210) are rotatably connected to the frame; the hydraulic motor (3205) drives the hydraulic pump (3204) to transport the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank (3201) to the first hydraulic rod (3203) through the hydraulic oil pipe (3202), thereby controlling the opening and closing plate (3210) to rotate on the frame for opening and closing; a vibration motor (3206) is installed on the back of the opening and closing plate (3210).

4. The soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The isolation baffle (3208) is installed on the upper part of the opening and closing plate (3210); a buffer belt (3209) is installed on the front side of the opening and closing plate (3210), and the screening slope (3207) is arranged below the opening and closing plate (3210).

5. The soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The 0-5 mm dust particle collection and weighing system (6) is a wind screening mechanism (33), which includes a fan (331), a protective shell (332), a 5 mm screen (333), a small-diameter stone storage bin (334), and a first gravity sensor (335); the fan (331) is mounted on a frame on the left side of the two opening and closing plates (3210), and the protective shell (332) is mounted on the outside of the fan (331); the 5 mm screen (333) is mounted on the frame on the left side of the two opening and closing plates (3210), and the small-diameter stone storage bin (334) is mounted on the frame and connected to the 5 mm screen (333); the two first gravity sensors (335) are arranged at the lower end of the inside of the small-diameter stone storage bin (334).

6. According to claim 1, a soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging is characterized in that: The 500-800 mm particle size stone screening and weighing system (7) is a mesh screen mechanism (34), which includes three second gravity sensors (341), a screen (342) with a screen hole length×width×thickness size of 500 mm×500 mm×50 mm, two second hydraulic rods (343), and a rotating shaft (344); one side of the screen (342) is rotatably connected to the frame through the rotating shaft (344); one end of the two second hydraulic rods (343) is hinged to the frame, and the other end is hinged to the bottom plate, the second gravity sensor (341) is installed on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate abuts against the bottom of the screen (342).

7. The soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveyor belt (13) comprises a motor (14), and the motor (14) drives the roller (133) to rotate, so that the conveyor belt crawler (132) rotates to transport soil and stone materials; the fixed end of the conveyor belt (13) is supported by a bracket (131).

8. The soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring room (211) is equipped with a display screen (213), a central control system (214), and a computer case (215) for data analysis.

9. The soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end photoelectric sensor (11) transmits the photoelectric signal to the control system of the monitoring room (211) by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the water pump (314). The front photoelectric sensor (12) transmits the photoelectric signal to the control system of the monitoring room (211) by wire, and the control system controls the operation of the fan (331).

10. A detection method using the soil and stone material full gradation detection device based on graded imaging according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: When the soil and stone materials pass through the end photoelectric sensor (11) on the transmission belt (13), the photoelectric signal is transmitted to the control system of the monitoring room (211) by wire, and the control system starts the fan (331) to blow the dust particles of 0-5 mm into the small-size stone storage bin (334) opposite, and the first gravity sensor (335) is used for automatic weighing; Step 2, synchronously, the control system controls the water pump (314) of the water sprinkling and dust removal system (4) to start pumping water, and the spray device (311) to reduce dust in the surrounding environment; Step 3: synchronously, the control system controls the vibration motor (3206) under the opening and closing plate (3210) to start, and the small-sized stones in the large-sized soil and stone materials fall to the bottom of the opening and closing plate (3210) in the closed state through high-frequency vibration; Step 4, the conveyor belt (13) delivers the material to the grading imaging system (3), the top screen (342) of the grading imaging system (3) and the second gravity sensor (341) realize 500-800 mm soil and stone material screening and automatic weighing, and the second hydraulic rod (343) flips and dumps the screen (342) to complete the dumping of the screened material; Step 5: The front-end photoelectric sensor (12) of the conveyor belt (13) detects that the transmission of soil and stone materials has ended, and the signal is transmitted to the control system of the monitoring room (211). The control system controls the first hydraulic rod (3203) under the opening and closing plate (3210) to start, and synchronously, the control system controls the watering and dust removal system (4) to close; Step 6: The first hydraulic rod (3203) operates to control the angle between the opening and closing plate (3210) and the vertical direction from 53.13 degrees to 30 degrees, so that the soil and stone materials with a particle size of 5-500 mm fall in the order of small to large particle size; Step 7: The front 3D camera (212) and the rear 3D camera (222) continuously photograph the soil and rock particles falling in the imaging area, and in all the frame images, two-side frame images of soil and rock particles of one specification are taken out at a set optimal frame-taking interval in a sequential order and saved as valid frame images of the soil and rock particles of the specification; Step 8: Transmitting the soil and rock material quality information with particle sizes of 0-5 mm and 500-800 mm and the soil and rock material image information with particle sizes of 5-500 mm to the computer case (215) of the monitoring room (211) in real time; Step 9: Perform image processing on the valid frame images of soil and stone particles of various specifications, perform image preprocessing, image segmentation, depth data acquisition, point cloud processing, particle size recognition and quality calculation, and complete the full gradation detection of soil and stone materials in combination with other quality data in step 7.

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