The invention relates to a circulating environment-friendly treatment process and circulating environment-friendly treatment system for waste viscose liquid and belongs to the technical field of wasterecovery and environment-friendly treatment in viscose fiber production. According to the circulating environment-friendly treatment system, a centrifuge, a transfer chute, a blending tank, a coarsefilter device, a fine filter device, resin towers, a bipolar membrane device and a circulation tank are arranged, steps of centrifugalization, dissolution, pH regulation, temperature regulation, sodium sulfate concentration regulation, coarse filtration, fine filtration, resin chelation and purification, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, post treatment and the like are performed, conditions, process parameters, equipment, indexes and the like are optimized, and acid, alkali and dilute salt are recycled, so that the problems that the waste viscose liquid is difficult to treat and materials arewasted are effectively solved. Thus, not only are the purity, concentration and yield of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide effectively guaranteed, but also products obtained from the steps are recycled to the circulating environment-friendly treatment process or a viscose fiber production procedure, therefore the purposes of being low in energy consumption and reducing raw material cost are achieved. Besides, zero discharge is realized, and environmental pressure is reduced.