A preparation method and device for hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for preparing a composite microstructure that mimics hair follicles. The present invention utilizes the thermal deformation properties of a memory alloy material, inserting an electrode deformation segment made of the memory alloy material into a laser-machined pit on the surface of a tool, causing the deformation segment to heat and become an arc shape. An electrochemical etching method is then used, using an electrochemical system formed by an electrode, a tool, a power supply, and an electrolyte in the pit, to cause the rotating electrode to etch the pit into a hair follicle structure. Flocking glue doped with magnetic particles is then injected into each hair follicle structure, and a fiber bundle is implanted in each hair follicle structure. After flocking is completed, the magnetic particles in each hair follicle structure are magnetized, thereby completing the preparation of the composite microstructure that mimics hair follicles on the tool surface. The composite microstructure that mimics hair follicles on the tool surface prepared by the present invention enables the tool to achieve a continuous wetting effect during operation, has good wetting properties, and thus improves the cutting performance of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tool surface wetting, and in particular relates to a preparation method and device for a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure. Background Art

[0002] During machine tool processing, there are problems such as large tool friction and wear, and difficulty in lubrication and cooling. The above problems can be solved by improving the wettability of the tool. The existing method to improve the wettability of the tool is to simply open a microstructure on the tool surface. The lubricating fluid stored in the microstructure improves the lubrication of the tool-chip contact area during tool processing, thereby reducing tool wear and cutting temperature. However, the existing tool surface microstructure only uses a single physical property to wet the tool. For example, the patent with authorization publication number CN110614388A discloses a gradient wetting tool and its preparation method and application. The tool is wetted by providing a gradient liquid-philic microtexture on the tool to achieve the effect of wetting the tool. The patent with authorization publication number CN113579481A discloses a composite wetting tool and its preparation method. By providing a super-liquid-repellent layer on the tool rake face and providing a liquid-philic microtexture on the super-liquid-repellent layer near the cutting edge, the cutting fluid is directed to the tool-chip contact area, thereby achieving the effect of wetting the tool. The above patents cannot achieve continuous wetting, and the wetting effect is poor, which in turn leads to poor tool cutting performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method and device for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure, as follows:

[0006] Step 1: inject electrolyte into the liquid pool, fit the tool to the end of the positive wire of the power supply device, and clamp the tool with a workpiece clamping device; wherein, a plurality of pits are processed on the surface of the tool.

[0007] Step 2: The translation mechanism 1 drives the translation mechanism 2 to drive the workpiece clamping device and the tool to translate, and the translation mechanism 2 drives the workpiece clamping device to drive the tool to translate, so that a pit on the tool is located directly below the electrode, wherein the translation direction of the translation mechanism 1 is perpendicular to the translation direction of the translation mechanism 2; the lifting mechanism drives the motor, the chuck and the electrode to descend to a preset height, so that the deformed section of the electrode extends into the pit, wherein the deformed section of the electrode is made of memory alloy material; then a preset volume of electrolyte is sprayed from the nozzle on the vertical section and flows along the electrode The electrode is inserted into the pit; the heating plate is then heated, and the deformed section is heated to an arc shape. The power supply device is activated, so that the electrode, the tool, the power supply device, and the electrolyte in the pit form an electrochemical system; the motor drives the chuck to rotate the electrode, and because the deformed section is now in the shape of an arc, the pit is etched into the shape of a hair follicle, forming a hair follicle structure; after the processing is completed, the power supply device stops working, the heating plate stops heating, and the motor stops driving the chuck. After the deformed section cools and returns to its original shape, the lifting mechanism drives the motor, the chuck, and the electrode to rise to their original position. During the lifting and rotation of the electrode, the end of the negative lead of the power supply device always fits in contact with the vertical section of the electrode.

[0008] Step 3: Repeat step 2 until all the pits are processed into hair follicle structures.

[0009] Step 4: Translation mechanism 1 drives translation mechanism 2 to translate, and translation mechanism 2 drives the workpiece clamping device to translate, so that the workpiece clamping device translates to its original position. The workpiece clamping device releases the tool, removes the tool, and ultrasonically cleans the tool. After cleaning, wipe the tool with anhydrous ethanol to dry it.

[0010] Step 5: Inject flocking glue doped with magnetic particles into each hair follicle structure of the tool, and then flock the hair follicle structure of the tool to implant fiber bundles.

[0011] Step 6: Place the flocked tool into a pulsed magnetic field to magnetize the magnetic particles in each hair follicle structure.

[0012] The preparation device used in the preparation method of the hair follicle imitating composite microstructure of the present invention comprises a base plate, a position adjustment device, a power supply device, an electrolysis device and a liquid pool.

[0013] The position adjustment device includes a translation mechanism 1, a translation mechanism 2 and a workpiece clamping device; the translation mechanism 1 is arranged on the base plate and drives the translation mechanism 2 to translate; the workpiece clamping device includes a workpiece base, a heating plate, a clamping block and a screw rod, the horizontally arranged workpiece base is driven to translate by the translation mechanism 2, and the translation direction of the translation mechanism 1 driving the translation mechanism 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the translation direction of the workpiece base driven by the translation mechanism 2, a groove is provided on the workpiece base, and an open groove is provided at one end of the groove, the horizontally arranged screw rod and the workpiece base form a rotating pair, the clamping block is aligned with the open groove, and forms a sliding pair parallel to the screw rod with the groove, and forms a threaded pair with the screw rod, two parallel and symmetrically arranged heating plates are fixed on both sides of the clamping block in the groove; in the initial state, the clamping block is located at the end of the groove away from the open groove.

[0014] The electrolysis device includes a chuck, a lifting mechanism, an L-shaped plate, an electrode, a spray mechanism, a platform, and a bracket; the bracket is fixed to the base plate, and the lifting mechanism is provided on the bracket and drives the L-shaped plate to rise and fall; the chuck and the L-shaped plate form a rotating pair and are driven to rotate by a motor; the electrode is composed of an integrally formed vertical section and a deformable section, and the end of the vertical section away from the deformable section is fixed to the chuck, and the deformable section is made of memory alloy material; the spray mechanism is provided on the bracket, and the spray head of the spray mechanism is close to the vertical section; the platform is fixed to the bracket, and a conduit is fixed to the platform. The power supply device is provided on the base plate, and the end of the positive lead of the power supply device is fixed to the open slot, and the end of the negative lead passes through the conduit and is in contact with the vertical section. The liquid pool is fixed to the base plate, and the liquid outlet of the liquid pool is connected to the liquid inlet of the spray mechanism through the liquid outlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a knob is fixed on the screw rod.

[0016] Preferably, a vertically arranged glass cover is fixed on the L-shaped plate, and the clamp and part of the vertical section are located inside the glass cover. The glass cover is also provided with two spaced-apart slots; the nozzle of the spray mechanism passes through one of the slots and is close to the vertical section, and the end of the negative electrode wire passes through the conduit and the other slot in sequence and is in contact with the vertical section; wherein the distance between the end of the negative electrode wire and the nozzle and the top of the corresponding slot is greater than a preset height.

[0017] Preferably, the groove is provided with a through hole, and the liquid inlet of the liquid pool is connected to the through hole via a liquid return pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the memory alloy tool is made of titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy, and the titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy is composed of 45% to 50% titanium, 40% to 45% nickel and 5% to 10% niobium in atomic percentage.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure on the tool surface prepared by the present invention enables the tool to achieve continuous wetting during operation, has good wetting properties, and thus improves the cutting performance of the tool. Specifically, the present invention utilizes the thermal deformation properties of the memory alloy material, and inserts the electrode deformation section of the memory alloy material into the pit processed by laser on the tool surface, so that the deformation section is heated to become an arc shape and rotates, and an electrochemical etching method is used to etch the pit into a hair follicle structure through the deformation section, and then flocking glue doped with magnetic particles is injected into each hair follicle structure, and fiber bundles are implanted in each hair follicle structure. After the flocking is completed, the magnetic particles in each hair follicle structure are magnetized, thereby completing the preparation of the hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure on the tool surface; wherein, when the tool is used, each fiber in each hair follicle structure utilizes the "capillary phenomenon" to absorb the lubricating liquid coated on the tool surface, and stores the lubricating liquid in the corresponding In the follicle structure of the tool, when processing the workpiece, the top of each fiber in each follicle structure contacts the workpiece. As the friction proceeds, the lubricating fluid in each follicle structure flows toward the top of the fiber under the synergistic action of capillary force and intermolecular force, thereby continuously lubricating the friction area, thereby improving the cutting performance of the tool. In addition, when the lubricating fluid used is a magnetic nanofluid, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic particles in each follicle structure helps the magnetic nanofluid to flow quickly to the follicle structure, thereby improving the lubrication effect. Moreover, since the follicle structure is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the fibers in each follicle structure are not easily pulled out during the operation of the tool, thereby ensuring the stability of the continuous wetting and lubrication performance of the follicle-mimicking microstructure on the tool surface.

[0021] 2. The tool prepared by the present invention can achieve multi-level regulation of the wettability of the tool surface under the synergistic effect of texture-magnetic field-fiber; specifically, first, the follicle structure texture prepared on the tool surface changes the surface energy of the tool surface, so that the surface energy of the texture area increases, and the magnetic nanofluid on the tool surface flows to the texture area driven by the high surface energy; secondly, after magnetization treatment, the magnetic particles enhance the magnetic susceptibility of the tool and make the magnetic field on the tool unevenly distributed. Due to the tip effect of the magnetic field, the texture edge and sharp corners have a larger magnetic field intensity, thereby causing the magnetic nanofluid to flow rapidly into the texture under the attraction of the larger magnetic field intensity; finally, there are a large number of pores between the fibers in the follicle structure texture, and these pores will produce capillary action on the liquid. The magnetic nanofluid spreads rapidly in the texture under the capillary action of the fibers in the texture, thereby enhancing the fluidity of the lubricating liquid in the contact area between the tool and the workpiece, providing favorable conditions for continuous lubrication of the tool surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preparation device for preparing the hair follicle structure in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the position adjustment device in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolysis device in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the tool in the present invention when forming a pit by laser;

[0028] Figure 7 is a simplified structural diagram of the electrochemical system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the tool in the present invention preparing the hair follicle structure through the electrochemical system;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure on the surface of the tool in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a preparation device for a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure of the present invention includes a base plate 1, a position adjustment device 2, a power supply device 3, an electrolysis device 4 and a liquid pool 5.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the position adjustment device 2 includes a translation mechanism 1 2-1, a workpiece clamping device 2-2 and a translation mechanism 2-3; the translation mechanism 1 2-1 is arranged on the base plate 1 and drives the translation mechanism 2 2-3 to translate; the workpiece clamping device 2-2 includes a workpiece base 2-2-1, a heating plate 2-2-2, a clamping block and a screw rod, and the horizontally arranged workpiece base 2-2-1 is driven to translate by the translation mechanism 2 2-3, and the translation direction driven by the translation mechanism 1 2-1 to translate the translation mechanism 2-3 is perpendicular to the translation direction driven by the translation mechanism 2-3 to translate the workpiece. In the direction of translation of the base 2-2-1, a groove is provided on the workpiece base 2-2-1, and an open groove 2-2-5 is provided at one end of the groove. The horizontally arranged screw rod and the workpiece base 2-2-1 form a rotating pair, and the clamping block is aligned with the open groove 2-2-5 and forms a sliding pair parallel to the screw rod with the groove, and forms a threaded pair with the screw rod. Two parallel and symmetrically arranged heating plates 2-2-2 are fixed on both sides of the clamping block in the groove; in the initial state, the clamping block is located in the groove at one end away from the open groove 2-2-5.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the electrolysis device 4 includes a chuck 4-2, a lifting mechanism 4-4, an L-shaped plate 4-5, an electrode 4-6, an injection mechanism 4-7, a platform 4-8 and a bracket 4-9; the bracket 4-9 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, and the lifting mechanism 4-4 is provided on the bracket 4-9, and drives the L-shaped plate 4-5 to move up and down; the chuck 4-2 and the L-shaped plate 4-5 form a rotating pair, and are driven to rotate by a motor 4-3, and the motor 4-3 is controlled by a controller; the electrode 4-6 is composed of an integrally formed vertical section 4-6-1 and a deformation section 4-6-2, and the end of the vertical section 4-6-1 away from the deformation section 4-6-2 is fixed to the chuck 4-2, and the deformation section 4-6-2 is made of memory alloy material; the injection mechanism 4-7 is provided on the bracket 4-9, and the nozzle of the injection mechanism 4-7 is close to the vertical section 4-6-1; the platform 4-8 is fixed on the bracket 4-9, and a catheter is fixed on the platform 4-8. Power supply 3 is mounted on base plate 1, with the positive lead of power supply 3 secured to open slot 2-2-5. The negative lead passes through a conduit and engages with vertical section 4-6-1. Liquid reservoir 5 is secured to base plate 1, with its outlet connected to the liquid inlet of injection mechanism 4-7 via a liquid outlet pipe.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, a knob 2-2-4 is fixed on the screw rod to facilitate the rotation of the screw rod.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, a vertically arranged glass cover 4-1 is fixed on the L-shaped plate 4-5, and the clamp 4-2 and part of the vertical section 4-6-1 are located inside the glass cover 4-1. The glass cover 4-1 is also provided with two spaced-apart slots; the nozzle of the injection mechanism 4-7 passes through one of the slots and is close to the vertical section 4-6-1, and the end of the negative electrode wire passes through the conduit and the other slot in sequence and is in contact with the vertical section 4-6-1.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the groove is provided with a through hole, and the liquid inlet of the liquid pool 5 is connected to the through hole through a liquid return pipe, so that after the electrolyte falls into the groove, the electrolyte flows into the liquid pool 5 through the liquid return pipe.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the memory alloy material is titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy, and the titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy is composed of 45% to 50% titanium, 40% to 45% nickel, and 5% to 10% niobium in atomic percentage.

[0039] The present invention provides a method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure, as follows:

[0040] Step 1: inject electrolyte into the liquid pool 5, place the tool 2-2-3 in the groove, and fit the tool to the positive wire end of the power supply device 3 fixed in the open groove 2-2-5, manually turn the knob 2-2-4 forward, and the knob 2-2-4 drives the clamping block to move toward the open groove 2-2-5 through the screw rod, so that the tool is clamped between the clamping block and the open groove 2-2-5; wherein, the surface of the tool is processed with a plurality of pits arranged in a mesh shape by laser processing technology, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0041] Step 2: The translation mechanism 1 2-1 drives the translation mechanism 2-3 to drive the workpiece clamping device 2-2 and the tool to translate. The translation mechanism 2-3 drives the workpiece clamping device 2-2 to translate the tool so that a pit on the tool is located directly below the electrode 4-6. The lifting mechanism 4-4 drives the L-shaped plate 4-5 to drive the glass cover 4-1, the clamping head 4-2 and the electrode 4-6 to descend to a preset height so that the deformed section 4-6-2 of the electrode 4-6 extends into the pit. In the initial position, the distance between the end of the negative electrode wire and the nozzle and the top of the corresponding notch is greater than the preset height. Therefore, the lifting of the glass cover 4-1 will not affect the nozzle and the negative electrode wire. Then the injection mechanism 4-7 works to output The electrolyte in the liquid feeding pool 5 makes the preset volume of electrolyte sprayed from the nozzle onto the vertical section 4-6-1 and flows into the pit along the electrode 4-6; then the two heating plates 2-2-2 are heated, and the deformation section 4-6-2 is heated (the electrolyte in the pit transfers the heat of the heating plate to the deformation section) and deforms into an arc shape. The power supply device 3 works, so that the electrode 4-6, the tool 2-2-3, the power supply device 3 and the electrolyte in the pit form an electrochemical system. The controller controls the motor 4-3 to drive the chuck 4-2 to drive the electrode 4-6 to rotate. Since the deformation section 4-6-2 is in the shape of an arc, the shape of the pit is etched into a hair follicle shape, forming a hair follicle structure, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, after processing is complete, the power supply device 3 stops operating, the two heating plates 2-2-2 stop heating, and the controller controls the motor 4-3 to stop driving the chuck 4-2. After the deformed segment 4-6-2 cools and returns to its original shape, the lifting mechanism 4-4 drives the L-shaped plate 4-5 to raise the chuck 4-2 and electrode 4-6 to their original positions. During the lifting and rotation of the electrode 4-6, the end of the negative lead of the power supply device 3 always adheres to the vertical segment 4-6-1 of the electrode 4-6.

[0042] Step 3: Repeat step 2 until all the pits are processed into hair follicle structures.

[0043] Step 4: The translation mechanism 1 2-1 drives the translation mechanism 2 2-3 to translate, and the translation mechanism 2 2-3 drives the workpiece clamping device 2-2 to translate, so that the workpiece clamping device 2-2 translates to its original position, and the knob 2-2-4 is manually reversed to move the clamping block away from the opening slot 2-2-5 to its original position; remove the tool and place the tool in an ultrasonic cleaner for cleaning. After cleaning, wipe the tool with anhydrous ethanol to dry the tool.

[0044] Step 5: Place the tool on the processing table of the precision dispensing machine, and use the precision dispensing machine to inject flocking glue doped with magnetic particles into each hair follicle structure; then put the tool into the electrostatic flocking machine, and use the electrostatic flocking machine to flock each hair follicle structure and implant fiber bundles.

[0045] Step 6: Place the flocked tool into a pulsed magnetic field (a pulsed magnetic field device can be used to generate a pulsed magnetic field) to magnetize the magnetic particles in each hair follicle structure. After magnetization is completed, take out the tool to complete the preparation of the hair follicle-like composite microstructure on the tool surface. Figure 9 shown.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure, characterized by: The details are as follows: Step 1: inject electrolyte into the liquid pool, fit the tool to the end of the positive lead of the power supply device, and clamp the tool with a workpiece clamping device; wherein a plurality of pits are machined on the surface of the tool; Step 2: The translation mechanism 1 drives the translation mechanism 2 to drive the workpiece clamping device and the tool to translate, and the translation mechanism 2 drives the workpiece clamping device to drive the tool to translate, so that a pit on the tool is located directly below the electrode, wherein the translation direction of the translation mechanism 1 is perpendicular to the translation direction of the translation mechanism 2; the lifting mechanism drives the motor, the chuck and the electrode to descend to a preset height, so that the deformed section of the electrode extends into the pit, wherein the deformed section of the electrode is made of memory alloy material; then a preset volume of electrolyte is sprayed from the nozzle on the vertical section and flows into the pit along the electrode; then the heating plate is heated, and the deformed section When heated, the shape of the deformed section changes to an arc shape. The power supply device operates, so that the electrode, the tool, the power supply device, and the electrolyte in the pit form an electrochemical system. The motor drives the chuck to rotate the electrode. Since the deformed section is now in the shape of an arc, the shape of the pit is etched into a follicle shape, forming a follicle structure. After the processing is completed, the power supply device stops working, the heating plate stops heating, and the motor stops driving the chuck. After the deformed section cools and returns to its original shape, the lifting mechanism drives the motor, the chuck, and the electrode to rise to their original position. During the lifting and rotation of the electrode, the end of the negative lead of the power supply device is always in contact with the vertical section of the electrode. Step 3: Repeat step 2 until all the pits are processed into hair follicle structures; Step 4: The translation mechanism 1 drives the translation mechanism 2 to translate, and the translation mechanism 2 drives the workpiece clamping device to translate, so that the workpiece clamping device translates to its original position. The workpiece clamping device releases the tool, removes the tool, and ultrasonically cleans the tool. After cleaning, wipe the tool with anhydrous ethanol to dry it. Step 5: Inject flocking glue doped with magnetic particles into each hair follicle structure of the tool, and then perform flocking and implant fiber bundles into each hair follicle structure of the tool; Step 6: Place the flocked tool into a pulsed magnetic field to magnetize the magnetic particles in each hair follicle structure.

2. The preparation device used in the method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam is provided with a plurality of guide wheels, and the guide wheels are provided with a plurality of guide wheels, and the guide wheels are provided with a plurality of guide wheels, and the guide wheels are provided with a plurality of guide wheels. The electrolysis device includes a chuck, a lifting mechanism, an L-shaped plate, an electrode, a spray mechanism, a platform and a bracket; the bracket is fixed to the base plate, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the bracket, and drives the L-shaped plate to rise and fall; the chuck and the L-shaped plate form a rotating pair, and are driven to rotate by a motor; the electrode is composed of an integrally formed vertical section and a deformation section, and the end of the vertical section away from the deformation section is fixed to the chuck, and the deformation section is made of memory alloy material; the spray mechanism is arranged on the bracket, and the spray head of the spray mechanism is close to the vertical section; the platform is fixed on the bracket, and a conduit is fixed on the platform; the power supply device is arranged on the base plate, and the end of the positive wire of the power supply device is fixed to the open groove, and the end of the negative wire passes through the conduit and fits with the vertical section; the liquid pool is fixed on the base plate, and the liquid outlet of the liquid pool is connected to the liquid inlet of the spray mechanism through the liquid outlet pipe.

3. The preparation device used in the method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A knob is fixed on the screw rod.

4. The preparation device used in the method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertically arranged glass cover is fixed on the L-shaped plate, and the clamp and part of the vertical section are located inside the glass cover. The glass cover is also provided with two spaced-apart slots. The nozzle of the spray mechanism passes through one of the slots and is close to the vertical section. The end of the negative electrode wire passes through the conduit and the other slot in sequence and is in contact with the vertical section. The distance between the end of the negative electrode wire and the nozzle and the top of the corresponding slot is greater than a preset height.

5. The preparation device used in the method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groove is provided with a through hole, and the liquid inlet of the liquid pool is communicated with the through hole through a liquid return pipe.

6. The preparation device used in the method for preparing a hair follicle-mimicking composite microstructure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The memory alloy material is a titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy, and the titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy is composed of 45% to 50% titanium, 40% to 45% nickel, and 5% to 10% niobium in atomic percentage.

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