An out-of-field correction device and method for conformal array antenna channels

Abstract

The present invention discloses an off-field correction device and method for a conformal array antenna channel, comprising a first array, a second array, a third array, a fourth array, a fifth array, and an external correction antenna probe. The first array, the second array, the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array are each provided with a plurality of antenna elements; the plurality of antenna elements correspond one to one with a plurality of transmitting channels and a plurality of receiving channels; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array. The device and method of the present application realize off-field correction in the conformal array antenna channel, eliminating the systematic error of the external correction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phased array antenna channel correction, and in particular to an out-of-field correction device and method for a conformal array antenna channel. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced antenna technology, conformal array antennas are gaining increasing application in radar and wireless communications due to their ability to seamlessly integrate with the carrier surface. This not only significantly saves space and effectively reduces air resistance, but also improves the antenna's radiation performance and directivity. Phased array antennas contain multiple transmit and receive channels. Due to differences in frequency response between channels, precise calibration measurements and corresponding compensation are required.

[0003] For common planar regular arrays, high-precision calibration methods typically involve near-field calibration, typically performed in an anechoic chamber. However, conformal array antennas differ from traditional planar regular array antennas in that their shape is not a simple planar structure. For example, vehicle-mounted conformal array antennas often exhibit an arched shape. This unique structure makes near-field calibration extremely difficult in conventional anechoic chambers. This is especially true for large antennas, where accurate measurements in an anechoic chamber are even more challenging. To overcome these limitations, one feasible approach is to perform field calibration outside the anechoic chamber. However, this approach has inherent challenges: field calibration requires the calibration antenna probe to be placed at different locations, each of which only covers a portion of the conformal array antenna's face. Multiple field calibrations must cover the entire face of the conformal array antenna, potentially introducing measurement errors between calibration measurements. Furthermore, the calibration antenna probe's support rods can vibrate due to factors such as wind and thermal expansion and contraction, ultimately introducing systematic errors between measurements and resulting in inaccurate field calibration results. This inaccuracy ultimately impacts beamforming quality and reduces overall system performance.

[0004] Given this situation, it is necessary to develop a method to address the challenges of external correction technology for conformal array antennas. This method should be able to eliminate the systematic errors introduced during multiple external correction processes, achieve high-precision external correction of all channels in the conformal array, and ensure the quality of the antenna's beamforming in all directions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes an out-of-field correction device and method in a conformal array antenna channel.

[0006] The present invention proposes an out-of-field correction device in a conformal array antenna channel, comprising a first array, a second array, a third array, a fourth array, a fifth array, and an external correction antenna probe, wherein the first array, the second array, the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array are each provided with a plurality of antenna array elements; the plurality of antenna array elements correspond one to one to a plurality of transmitting channels and a plurality of receiving channels; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the second array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the fourth array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array.

[0007] Preferably, when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array face and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to the multiple transmission channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array face is used as the first position, the multiple transmission channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face send out the transmission correction excitation signal a, and the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a;

[0008] When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is used as the second position, and the multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array send out a transmission correction excitation signal a, and the correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a.

[0009] Preferably, when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array face and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the multiple receiving channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array face is used as the third position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face receive the receiving correction excitation signal f;

[0010] When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is taken as the fourth position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array receive the receiving correction excitation signal f.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission correction excitation signal a is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency a (t), linear frequency modulation signal S a The expression of (t) is as follows:

[0012] S a (t) = A a cos(2πf carrier_a t+πK a t 2 );

[0013] Among them, S a (t) is the emission correction excitation signal a; f carrier_a is the carrier frequency of the transmitted correction excitation signal a; K a K is the modulation slope of the emission correction excitation signal a, a =BW a / τ a , BW a is the bandwidth of the transmitted correction excitation signal a, τ a A is the time width of the emission correction excitation signal a; a Correct the amplitude of the excitation signal a for transmission.

[0014] Preferably, the received correction excitation signal f is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency. f (t), linear frequency modulation signal S f The expression of (t) is as follows:

[0015] S f (t) = A f cos(2πf carrier_f t+πK f t 2 );

[0016] Among them, S f (t) is the received correction excitation signal f; f carrier_f is the carrier frequency of the received correction excitation signal f; K f To receive the modulation slope of the correction excitation signal f, K f =BW f / τ f , BW f is the bandwidth of receiving the correction excitation signal f, τ f A is the time width of receiving the correction excitation signal f; f To receive the amplitude of the correction excitation signal f.

[0017] The present invention proposes a method for out-of-field correction in a conformal array antenna channel, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned out-of-field correction devices for the conformal array antenna channel. The method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Obtain the transceiver type of out-of-field correction in the antenna array, and select to execute the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy according to the transceiver type, wherein the transceiver type includes the reception channel out-of-channel correction and the transmission channel out-of-channel correction;

[0019] S2. When the transceiver type is specifically a transmission channel out-of-correction, execute the transmission channel out-of-correction strategy;

[0020] S3. When the transceiver type is specifically a receive channel out-of-correction, executing the receive channel out-of-correction strategy;

[0021] S4. Perform mid-field out-of-channel correction on the antenna array surface according to the execution result of the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy.

[0022] Preferably, the emission channel out-of-channel correction strategy specifically includes:

[0023] The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the first, second, and third arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data b of the transmission channels of the first, second, and third arrays;

[0024] The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the third, fourth, and fifth arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data c of the transmission channels of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays;

[0025] Subtract the original external correction data b from the original external correction data c of each transmission channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all transmission channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data d of the two transmission external corrections;

[0026] The original external correction data b of each transmission channel of the first array, the second array and the third array are directly used as the final transmission external correction data e of the first array, the second array and the third array, and the original external correction data c of each transmission channel of the fourth array and the fifth array are subtracted from the average error data d as the final transmission external correction data e of the fourth array and the fifth array.

[0027] Preferably, the receiving channel out-of-channel correction strategy specifically includes:

[0028] The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data g of each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array;

[0029] The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data h of each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays;

[0030] Subtract the original external correction data h from the original external correction data g of each receiving channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all receiving channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data i of the two receiving external corrections;

[0031] The original external correction data g is directly used as the final received external correction data j of the first, second and third arrays, and the result of subtracting the average error data i from the original external correction data h of each transmission channel of the fourth and fifth arrays is used as the final received external correction data j of the fourth and fifth arrays.

[0032] Preferably, the preprocessing specifically includes:

[0033] The received transmit correction excitation signal a / receive correction excitation signal f is down-converted, digitized and synchronously collected, and the wave path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element radiation pattern are removed.

[0034] Preferably, the path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element pattern are removed according to the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, s 2i (n) is the external correction data after removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; s 1i (n) is the external correction data before removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; τ i is the physical path delay difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe, τ i =(L max -L i ) / c,L max is the maximum range, L i is the wave path corresponding to each antenna array element, c is the speed of light; f s is the data sampling rate; A i and are the normalized amplitude and phase of the antenna array element’s directional pattern toward the outward correction antenna probe direction; f RF is the difference between the center frequency of the correction excitation signal and the center frequency of the external correction data; i is the antenna array element number; n is an integer between [0, N], and N is the number of data sampling points; e is the natural base; j is

[0037] In the present invention, the proposed device and method for out-of-field correction in the conformal array antenna channel obtains the transceiver type of out-of-field correction on the antenna array, and selects to execute the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy according to the transceiver type, wherein the transceiver type includes reception channel out-of-channel correction and transmission channel out-of-channel correction; when the transceiver type is specifically the transmission channel out-of-channel correction, the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy is executed; when the transceiver type is specifically the reception channel out-of-channel correction, the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy is executed; and according to the execution result of the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy, the antenna array is subjected to out-of-field correction. The present invention provides a reliable solution for out-of-field correction of transmission and reception of conformal array antennas, and is particularly suitable for situations where the antenna scale is large. The present invention adopts the out-of-field correction method to solve the problem that out-of-field correction of conformal array antennas is difficult to perform under conventional darkroom conditions, and at the same time uses the difference between the measurement results of the common array in two measurement processes to correct the out-of-field correction measurement results, thereby eliminating the inevitable system error introduced between the two out-of-field corrections. This invention ultimately reduces environmental requirements while achieving high-precision off-field correction across all channels of a conformal array antenna, ensuring the quality of the antenna's beamforming in all directions. Furthermore, this invention does not alter the system's hardware architecture or add additional testing equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the distribution of the antenna array and the external correction antenna probe of the external correction device in the conformal array antenna channel proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the out-of-field correction method in the conformal array antenna channel proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention proposes an out-of-field correction device in a conformal array antenna channel, comprising a first array, a second array, a third array, a fourth array, a fifth array, and an external correction antenna probe, wherein the first array, the second array, the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array are each provided with a plurality of antenna array elements; the plurality of antenna array elements correspond one to one to a plurality of transmitting channels and a plurality of receiving channels; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the second array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the fourth array, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array.

[0041] In this embodiment, the external correction antenna probe may be disposed on the center normal of the second array plane or the fourth array plane via a support member, and the support member may be a support rod fixed on the ground.

[0042] Specifically, when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple transmission channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array is taken as the first position, and the multiple transmission channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array send out a transmission correction excitation signal a, and the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a.

[0043] When the external correction antenna probe is at the first position, calculate the wave path L between each antenna array element of the first array plane, the second array plane, and the third array plane and the external correction antenna probe Ai , that is, the distance between the antenna element and the external correction antenna probe, the subscript i represents the antenna element number, and the subscript A represents the first position.

[0044] When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is used as the second position, and the multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array send out a transmission correction excitation signal a, and the correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a.

[0045] When the external correction antenna probe is located at the second position, calculate the wave path L between each antenna array element of the third, fourth, and fifth array planes and the external correction antenna probe Bi , subscript i represents the antenna element number, and subscript B represents the second position.

[0046] In this embodiment, the transmission correction excitation signal a is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency. a(t), linear frequency modulation signal S a The expression of (t) is as follows:

[0047] S a (t) = A a cos(2πf carrier_a t+πK a t 2 );

[0048] Among them, S a (t) is the emission correction excitation signal a; f carrier_a is the carrier frequency of the transmitted correction excitation signal a; K a K is the modulation slope of the emission correction excitation signal a, a =BW a / τ a , BW a is the bandwidth of the transmitted correction excitation signal a, τ a A is the time width of the emission correction excitation signal a; a Correct the amplitude of the excitation signal a for transmission.

[0049] Specifically, when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple receiving channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array is used as the third position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the first array, the second array, and the third array receive the receiving correction excitation signal f.

[0050] When the external correction antenna probe is located at the third position, calculate the wave path L between each antenna array element of the first array, the second array, and the third array and the external correction antenna probe Ci , subscript i represents the antenna element number, and subscript C represents the third position.

[0051] When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is taken as the fourth position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array receive the receiving correction excitation signal f.

[0052] When the external correction antenna probe is at the fourth position, calculate the wave path L between each antenna array element of the third, fourth and fifth array planes and the external correction antenna probe Di , subscript i represents the antenna element number, and subscript D represents the fourth position.

[0053] In this embodiment, the received correction excitation signal f is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency. f (t), linear frequency modulation signal S f The expression of (t) is as follows:

[0054] S f (t) = A f cos(2πf carrier_f t+πK f t 2 );

[0055] Among them, S f (t) is the received correction excitation signal f; f carrier_f is the carrier frequency of the received correction excitation signal f; K f To receive the modulation slope of the correction excitation signal f, K f =BW f / τ f , BW f is the bandwidth of receiving the correction excitation signal f, τ f A is the time width of receiving the correction excitation signal f; f To receive the amplitude of the correction excitation signal f.

[0056] In this embodiment, the out-of-channel correction of the array transmission channel and the out-of-channel correction of the array reception channel are independent of each other. The first position and the third position may not overlap, and the second position and the fourth position may not overlap. The out-of-channel correction of the transmission channel or the out-of-channel correction of the reception channel is selected according to the transceiver type of the antenna array.

[0057] In this embodiment, the distance between the position of the external correction antenna probe and the geometric center O2 or O4 of the second array plane or the fourth array plane respectively meets the mid-field condition of the antenna.

[0058] In this embodiment, the transmitting correction excitation signal a and the receiving correction excitation signal f need to be synchronously generated and collected under the control of a synchronization signal, and the clocks used for generating and collecting the correction excitation signals are coherent.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention proposes a method for out-of-field correction in a conformal array antenna channel, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned out-of-field correction devices for the conformal array antenna channel. The method comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Obtain the transceiver type of out-of-field correction in the antenna array, and select to execute a transmit channel out-of-channel correction strategy or a receive channel out-of-channel correction strategy according to the transceiver type. The transceiver type includes receive channel out-of-channel correction and transmit channel out-of-channel correction.

[0061] S2. When the transceiver type is specifically the transmission channel out-of-correction, the transmission channel out-of-correction strategy is executed.

[0062] In this embodiment, the out-of-transmission channel correction strategy specifically includes:

[0063] The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the first, second, and third arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data b of the transmission channels of the first, second, and third arrays;

[0064] The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the third, fourth, and fifth arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data c of the transmission channels of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays;

[0065] Subtract the original external correction data b from the original external correction data c of each transmission channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all transmission channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data d of the two transmission external corrections;

[0066] The original external correction data b of each transmission channel of the first array, the second array and the third array are directly used as the final transmission external correction data e of the first array, the second array and the third array, and the original external correction data c of each transmission channel of the fourth array and the fifth array are subtracted from the average error data d as the final transmission external correction data e of the fourth array and the fifth array.

[0067] S3. When the transceiver type is specifically receiving out-of-channel correction, executing the receiving out-of-channel correction strategy.

[0068] In this embodiment, the receive channel out-of-channel correction strategy specifically includes:

[0069] The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data g of each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array;

[0070] The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data h of each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays;

[0071] Subtract the original external correction data h from the original external correction data g of each receiving channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all receiving channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data i of the two receiving external corrections;

[0072] The original external correction data g is directly used as the final received external correction data j of the first, second and third arrays, and the result of subtracting the average error data i from the original external correction data h of each transmission channel of the fourth and fifth arrays is used as the final received external correction data j of the fourth and fifth arrays.

[0073] In this embodiment, the preprocessing specifically includes:

[0074] The received transmit correction excitation signal a / receive correction excitation signal f is down-converted, digitized and synchronously collected, and the wave path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element radiation pattern are removed.

[0075] In this embodiment, the path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element pattern are eliminated according to the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, s 2i (n) is the external correction data after removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; s 1i (n) is the external correction data before removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; τ i is the physical path delay difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe, τ i =(L max -L i ) / c,L max is the maximum range, L i is the wave path corresponding to each antenna array element, c is the speed of light; f s is the data sampling rate; A i and are the normalized amplitude and phase of the antenna array element’s directional pattern toward the outward correction antenna probe direction; f RF is the difference between the center frequency of the correction excitation signal and the center frequency of the external correction data; i is the antenna array element number; n is an integer between [0, N], and N is the number of data sampling points; e is the natural base; j is

[0078] S4. Perform mid-field out-of-channel correction on the antenna array surface according to the execution result of the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An out-of-field correction device in a conformal array antenna channel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first array plane, a second array plane, a third array plane, a fourth array plane, a fifth array plane and an external correction antenna probe, wherein the first array plane, the second array plane, the third array plane, the fourth array plane and the fifth array plane are all provided with a plurality of antenna array elements; the plurality of antenna array elements correspond one to one to a plurality of transmitting channels and a plurality of receiving channels; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the second array plane, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the first array plane, the second array plane and the third array plane; when the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the central normal of the fourth array plane, the receiving end / transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the plurality of transmitting channels / receiving channels of the third array plane, the fourth array plane and the fifth array plane.

2. The out-of-field correction device in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array face and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to the multiple transmission channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array face is used as the first position, the multiple transmission channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face send a transmission correction excitation signal a, and the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a; When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the receiving end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is used as the second position, and the multiple transmission channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array send out a transmission correction excitation signal a, and the correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signal a.

3. The out-of-field correction device in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the second array face and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected with the multiple receiving channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the second array face is used as the third position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the first array face, the second array face, and the third array face receive the receiving correction excitation signal f; When the external correction antenna probe is arranged along the center normal of the fourth array and the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe is communicatively connected to multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array, the position of the external correction antenna probe on the center normal of the fourth array is taken as the fourth position, the transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and the multiple receiving channels of the third array, the fourth array, and the fifth array receive the receiving correction excitation signal f.

4. The out-of-field correction device in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission correction excitation signal a is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency a (t), linear frequency modulation signal S a The expression of (t) is as follows: S a (t)=A a cos(2πf carrier_a t+πK a t 2 ); Among them, S a (t) is the emission correction excitation signal a; f carrier_a is the carrier frequency of the transmitted correction excitation signal a; K a K is the modulation slope of the emission correction excitation signal a, a =BW a / τ a , BW a is the bandwidth of the transmitted correction excitation signal a, τ a A is the time width of the emission correction excitation signal a; a Correct the amplitude of the excitation signal a for transmission.

5. The out-of-field correction device in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The received correction excitation signal f is a linear frequency modulation signal S with the carrier frequency as the center frequency. f (t), linear frequency modulation signal S f The expression of (t) is as follows: S f (t)=A f cos(2πf carrier_f t+πK f t 2 ); Among them, S f (t) is the received correction excitation signal f; f carrier_f is the carrier frequency of the received correction excitation signal f; K f To receive the modulation slope of the correction excitation signal f, K f =BW f / τ f , BW f is the bandwidth of the received correction excitation signal f, τ f A is the time width of receiving the correction excitation signal f; f To receive the amplitude of the correction excitation signal f.

6. A method for off-field correction in a conformal array antenna channel, characterized in that: Applicable to the out-of-field correction device in the conformal array antenna channel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Obtain the transceiver type of out-of-field correction in the antenna array, and select to execute the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy according to the transceiver type, wherein the transceiver type includes the reception channel out-of-channel correction and the transmission channel out-of-channel correction; S2. When the transceiver type is specifically a transmission channel out-of-correction, execute the transmission channel out-of-correction strategy; S3. When the transceiver type is specifically a receive channel out-of-correction, executing the receive channel out-of-correction strategy; S4. Perform mid-field out-of-channel correction on the antenna array surface according to the execution result of the transmission channel out-of-channel correction strategy or the reception channel out-of-channel correction strategy.

7. The out-of-field correction method in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The emission channel out-of-channel correction strategy specifically includes: The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the first, second, and third arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data b of the transmission channels of the first, second, and third arrays; The receiving end of the external correction antenna probe receives the transmission correction excitation signals a from the transmission channels corresponding to the third, fourth, and fifth arrays in sequence, and pre-processes the received transmission correction excitation signals a to obtain the original external correction data c of the transmission channels of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays; Subtract the original external correction data b from the original external correction data c of each transmission channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all transmission channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data d of the two transmission external corrections; The original external correction data b of each transmission channel of the first array, the second array and the third array are directly used as the final transmission external correction data e of the first array, the second array and the third array, and the original external correction data c of each transmission channel of the fourth array and the fifth array are subtracted from the average error data d as the final transmission external correction data e of the fourth array and the fifth array.

8. The out-of-field correction method in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving channel out-of-channel correction strategy specifically includes: The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data g of each receiving channel of the first array, the second array, and the third array; The transmitting end of the external correction antenna probe sends a receiving correction excitation signal f, and each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays receives the receiving correction excitation signal f and pre-processes the received receiving correction excitation signal f to obtain the original external correction data h of each receiving channel of the third, fourth, and fifth arrays; Subtract the original external correction data h from the original external correction data g of each receiving channel corresponding to the third array, and then calculate the average error of all receiving channels corresponding to the third array to obtain the average error data i of the two receiving external corrections; The original external correction data g is directly used as the final received external correction data j of the first, second and third arrays, and the result of subtracting the average error data i from the original external correction data h of each transmission channel of the fourth and fifth arrays is used as the final received external correction data j of the fourth and fifth arrays.

9. The out-of-field correction method in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The pretreatment specifically includes: The received transmit correction excitation signal a / receive correction excitation signal f is down-converted, digitized and synchronously collected, and the wave path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element radiation pattern are removed.

10. The out-of-field correction method in the conformal array antenna channel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The path difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe and the antenna array element pattern are eliminated according to the following formula: Among them, s 2i (n) is the external correction data after removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; s 1i (n) is the external correction data before removing the wave path difference and antenna element pattern; τ i is the physical path delay difference between the antenna array element and the external correction antenna probe, τ i =(L max -L i ) / c,L max is the maximum range, L i is the wave path corresponding to each antenna array element, c is the speed of light; f s is the data sampling rate; A i and are the normalized amplitude and phase of the antenna array element’s directional pattern toward the outward correction antenna probe direction; f RF is the difference between the center frequency of the correction excitation signal and the center frequency of the external correction data; i is the antenna array element number; n is an integer between [0, N], and N is the number of data sampling points; e is the natural base; j is

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