Plasma exosome filtering and extracting device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma exosome filtering and extracting device and a using method thereof.The filtering and extracting device comprises a low-temperature centrifugal machine, a dilution distributor, an oscillator, a filter and an exosome collecting box, and the low-temperature centrifugal machine is arranged at the front end of the filtering and extracting device and used for conducting low-temperature centrifugation on unfrozen and trimmed pretreated samples; a dilution distributor is arranged on one side of the low-temperature centrifugal machine and comprises a distribution bin, an oscillator arranged on the bottom side of the distribution bin, a dilution pipe, an input pump head, an output pump head, an input suction pipe and an output suction pipe, the dilution pipe, the input pump head and the output pump head are arranged in the distribution bin, and the input suction pipe and the output suction pipe are connected with the input pump head and the output pump head respectively. And the plurality of input heads can extend into the upper layer of the sample tube after the low-temperature centrifugal machine finishes sample centrifugation so as to collect supernate into the distribution bin. According to the invention, the exosome sample can be automatically treated in batches, and the efficiency of separating the exosome in a laboratory is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plasma exosome extraction, and in particular to a plasma exosome filtration extraction device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Exosomes are small vesicles with a diameter of about 30-150nm secreted by living cells. They have a typical lipid bilayer structure and exist in cell culture supernatants, serum, plasma, saliva, urine, amniotic fluid and other biological fluids. Exosomes carry a variety of important information such as proteins, lipids, RNA, etc. They not only play an important role in the transfer of substances and information between cells, but are also expected to become early diagnostic markers for a variety of diseases. Tumors occur before tiny lesions are detected by imaging. By using tumor cells, cfDNA or exosomes in the blood, and detecting the content of markers directly related to tumors such as cfDNA and CTC in the blood through PCR, high-throughput sequencing and other means, early tumors that cannot be identified by imaging can be found. Early detection of tumors and intervention can reduce the incidence and mortality of tumors.

[0003] In the prior art, the extraction of exosomes generally includes the following processes:

[0004] Step 1: Collect peripheral blood samples from volunteers using anticoagulant tubes containing EDTA and store at room temperature for 10 minutes;

[0005] Step 2: After the sample is balanced, centrifuge it at 500 x g for 10 minutes to remove cells, fibers and other formed elements in the blood. Then use a pipette tip to transfer the supernatant to a 2 mL sterile enzyme-free EP tube;

[0006] Step 3: After the EP tube is balanced, set the low-temperature centrifuge to centrifuge at 4°3000x g for 20 minutes to remove apoptotic bodies and cell debris. Next, use a pipette tip to transfer the supernatant to a 2 mL sterile enzyme-free EP tube;

[0007] Step 4: After the EP tube is balanced, set the low-temperature centrifuge to 4°12000x g for 20 minutes to remove large vesicles. Then, use a pipette to collect the supernatant and transfer it to a 2mL sterile enzyme-free EP tube. Freeze at -80℃ for 24h;

[0008] Step 5: Take out the frozen samples and thaw them on ice. After the samples are completely thawed, balance the EP tubes, and then obtain exosomes by filtration extraction and ultracentrifugation.

[0009] For the above-mentioned exosome extraction method, for example, an exosome separation and extraction method disclosed in announcement number CN117721062A generally includes the following steps: step 1: mixing the biological sample to be separated with the PBS buffer in proportion, stirring it with a stirrer, and stirring at a speed of 60-180 rpm. The present invention can better protect the structure and biological activity of the exosomes by mixing the biological sample with the PBS buffer, and by separating the precipitate from the supernatant, filtering the supernatant through a dynamic filter membrane device, collecting the filter membrane after washing and centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, repeating at least twice to ensure the separation yield, and centrifuging the collected supernatant with an ultracentrifuge, and separating and collecting the exosomes through a dynamic filter membrane device with a finer filter membrane pore size, thereby improving the separation effect and purity; by using the technical means of stirring with a stirrer and centrifuging with a centrifuge, the exosomes in the biological sample can be effectively and quickly separated and extracted to improve the separation and extraction efficiency;

[0010] Both of the above processes point out that the main measure for exosome extraction is filtration extraction, wherein filtration extraction generally includes low-temperature centrifugation, PBS shaking dilution, filter filtration and other processes. Since the operation of this process is relatively cumbersome, manual operation is currently used in the prior art. Manual operation is inefficient when dealing with batch samples. Therefore, a plasma exosome filtration extraction device and a method of using the same are needed to deal with the filtration extraction process, which can batch and automate the processing of exosome samples after steps 1-4, and further improve the efficiency of laboratory exosome separation. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a plasma exosome filtration extraction device and a method for using the same, which can be used to process exosome samples in batches and automatically, thereby further improving the efficiency of separating exosomes in the laboratory.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a plasma exosome filtration and extraction device, comprising:

[0013] A low-temperature centrifuge is arranged at the front end of the filtering and extracting device and is used to perform low-temperature centrifugation on the pre-treated samples after thawing and balancing. A dilution distributor is arranged on one side of the low-temperature centrifuge;

[0014] The dilution distributor comprises a distribution chamber, an oscillator arranged at the bottom side of the distribution chamber, a dilution tube arranged in the distribution chamber, an input pump head, an output pump head, and an input suction tube and an output suction tube respectively connected to the input pump head and the output pump head;

[0015] The oscillator is used to oscillate and mix the diluted sample. The oscillator includes a frame, an upper frame, a swing-type oscillation assembly, an oscillation tray and an oscillation tube module. The upper frame is arranged along the end surface of the frame, and two sides of the upper frame are provided with straight slides. The inner side of the upper frame can be guided to connect the oscillation tray.

[0016] A filter is used to filter the sample after dilution, shock and homogenization, and the filter includes a syringe pre-filter, a filter tube and a push module;

[0017] The exosome collection box can be connected to the output end of the filter tube through multiple connectors.

[0018] Preferably, the end of the input suction tube is divided into multiple input heads, which can extend into the upper layer of the sample tube after the sample is centrifuged in the low-temperature centrifuge to collect the supernatant into the distribution chamber; the dilution tube can be connected to an external PBS diluent, and the output side of the output suction tube is connected to the oscillator.

[0019] Preferably, the output suction tube is connected to the distribution rack through the end of the hose, and the bottom side of the distribution rack is divided into multiple distribution output heads. The number of distribution output heads matches the number of oscillation tube modules on the oscillation tray, and the distribution output heads can extend into the oscillation tube modules.

[0020] Preferably, the swinging oscillation component includes an oscillation arm, a swinging plate, a disc, a motor A, a large pulley and a small pulley, wherein the disc is provided with two groups and is coaxially rotatably connected to both sides of the upper frame, a large pulley is provided at the rear end of the disc on one side, the large pulley is linked to the small pulley through a belt, and the small pulley is connected to the shaft end of the motor A; a slide plate is provided on the end face of the large pulley, a swinging plate is provided on the front side of the large pulley, a straight groove is provided on the swinging plate which is slidably connected to the slide plate, the lower end of the swinging plate is hinged to the frame, and the upper end of the swinging plate is hinged to the oscillation arm.

[0021] Preferably, a sliding shaft is arranged in the straight slide, the end of the sliding shaft can be connected to the oscillation tray, the end of the oscillation arm can be hinged to the sliding shaft, and the oscillation arm can drive the oscillation tray to move forward and backward when the turntable rotates; the oscillation tray is provided with a plurality of slots in an array, and an oscillation tube module is placed in each slot, wherein the oscillation tube module includes a tube body, an upper cover plate and a confluence pipe, wherein the upper end of the tube body is provided with an upper cover plate, and the bottom side of the tube body is connected to an outlet pipe, and an electromagnetic one-way valve is provided on the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe ends of the plurality of oscillation tube modules are connected to the confluence pipe, which is a hose, and the end of the confluence pipe is connected to the filter in three pipes, and each pipe is provided with a one-way valve.

[0022] Preferably, at least three groups of syringe-type pre-filters are provided, the three groups of syringe-type pre-filters are located on one side of the pushing module and their bottom sides are fixed by brackets, the syringe-type pre-filters include a syringe body, a piston push plate and a pre-filter layer, wherein the pre-filter layer is arranged on the front side of the syringe body, and the piston push plate is arranged on the inner side of the syringe body, and the rear end of the piston push plate extends out of the syringe body and is close to the pushing module.

[0023] Preferably, the pushing module includes a T-shaped bracket, a track, a rack push plate, a gear set and a driving unit, wherein a track is provided on the bottom side of the T-shaped bracket, the driving unit is installed on the T-shaped bracket, the rack push plate can be slidably connected with the track, and the front end of the rack push plate is close to the piston push plate; the driving unit includes a motor B installed on the upper side of the T-shaped bracket and a gear set linked by a belt and a pulley, the gear set includes three gears connected coaxially, the three gears are respectively meshed with the rack push plate and push the rack push plate to slide along the track to push the piston push plate; the filter tube is connected to the front end of the syringe body through a joint tube, and multiple filter layers are provided in the filter tube for filtering exosome samples.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned plasma exosome filtration and extraction device, the specific steps of which include:

[0025] S1: Take out the frozen sample and thaw it on ice. After the sample is completely thawed, balance the EP tube and centrifuge the sample in a low-temperature centrifuge to remove large vesicles.

[0026] S2: The sample supernatant is collected into the distribution chamber by using the input pump head and input suction tube of the dilution distributor, and the distribution chamber is diluted by adding PBS diluent through the dilution tube, and then pre-oscillated by using the oscillator, and then the diluted sample is diverted into multiple oscillation tube modules of the oscillator by using the output suction tube;

[0027] S3: Multiple oscillation tube modules can achieve oscillation effect by moving the oscillation tray back and forth. After multiple reciprocating oscillations, the electromagnetic one-way valve at the bottom of the tube body opens, and the samples in the multiple tube bodies converge into the syringe pre-filter through the confluence pipe;

[0028] S4: The syringe pre-filter can utilize the meshing of the gear and rack push plate and the piston push plate. The piston push plate can filter and push out the sample entering the syringe body, allowing the sample to enter the filter tube for filtration at high speed to remove impurities. The filtered sample is collected through the exosome collection box, and the exosome filtration extraction is completed after ultracentrifugation.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention can process exosome samples in batches and automatically, further improving the efficiency of exosome isolation in the laboratory.

[0031] 2. The present invention configures a dilution distributor between the low-temperature centrifuge and the shaker. The dilution distributor can add PBS diluent for dilution, then use the shaker for pre-shaking, and then use the output suction tube to divert the diluted sample to multiple shaking tube modules of the shaker. The shaker shakes the shaking tube modules. The advantage of the dilution distributor is that it can quickly transfer a large number of samples in the low-temperature centrifuge, and achieve sample dilution by pre-shaking and passing PBS.

[0032] 3. The oscillator of the present invention is used to oscillate the diluted sample to homogenize the sample, and the entire oscillation and homogenization process is convenient and fast.

[0033] 4. The filter of the present invention is based on a combination of a syringe-type pre-filter and a filter tube. The syringe-type pre-filter can achieve automatic filtration by filling the filter layer in a disposable syringe and automatically pushing it through a pushing module. The sample enters the filter tube for deep filtration after passing through the syringe-type pre-filter. Since the pushing module can pressurize the disposable syringe, the sample after entering the filter tube is under pressure, which can achieve unpowered filtration and a fast impurity removal speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-temperature centrifuge and a dilution distributor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an oscillator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oscillating tube module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the filter and the exosome collection box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. low-temperature centrifuge; 2. dilution distributor; 201. distribution chamber; 202. dilution tube; 203. output suction tube; 204. distribution rack; 205. distribution output head; 3. oscillator; 301. rack; 302. upper frame; 303. straight slide; 304. oscillation arm; 305. swing plate; 306. disc; 307. large pulley; 308. small pulley; 309. slide plate; 310. oscillation tray; 311. oscillation tube module; 311a. tube body; 311b. upper cover plate; 311c. confluence tube; 311d. electromagnetic one-way valve; 4. filter; 401. syringe body; 402. piston push plate; 403. T-shaped bracket; 404. track; 405. rack push plate; 406. gear set; 407. filter tube; 5. exosome collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device can process exosome samples in batches and automatically, further improving the efficiency of laboratory exosome separation.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a plasma exosome filtration and extraction device, comprising:

[0045] A low-temperature centrifuge 1 is arranged at the front end of the filtering and extracting device and is used to perform low-temperature centrifugation on the pre-treated sample after thawing and balancing. A dilution distributor 2 is arranged on one side of the low-temperature centrifuge 1;

[0046] The dilution distributor 2 can collect the supernatant of the sample tube after low-temperature centrifugation and can add PBS diluent for dilution;

[0047] A shaker 3, used for shaking and mixing the diluted sample;

[0048] Filter 4, used to filter the sample after dilution, shock and homogenization;

[0049] The exosome collection box 5 can be connected to the output end of the filter 4 through a plurality of connectors.

[0050] See also Figure 2 The dilution distributor 2 includes a distribution chamber 201, an oscillator (not shown in the figure) arranged at the bottom side of the distribution chamber 201, a dilution tube 202, an input pump head, an output pump head (not shown in the figure) arranged in the distribution chamber 201, and an input suction tube and an output suction tube 203 respectively connected to the input pump head and the output pump head; the end of the input suction tube is divided into multiple input heads, and the multiple input heads can extend into the upper layer of the sample tube after the low-temperature centrifuge 1 completes the centrifugation of the sample to collect the supernatant into the distribution chamber 201; the dilution tube 202 can be connected to an external PBS diluent, and the output side of the output suction tube 203 is connected to the oscillator 3.

[0051] In this embodiment, the output suction tube 203 is connected to the distribution rack 204 through the end of the hose, and the bottom side of the distribution rack 204 is divided into multiple distribution output heads 205. The number of distribution output heads 205 matches the number of oscillation tube modules 311 on the oscillation tray 310, and the distribution output heads 205 can extend into the oscillation tube modules 311.

[0052] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned dilution dispenser 2 can add PBS diluent for dilution, then use an oscillator for pre-oscillation, and then use the output suction tube 203 to divert the diluted sample to multiple oscillation tube modules 311 of the oscillator 3, and the oscillator 3 performs an oscillation operation on the oscillation tube module 311. The advantage of the dilution dispenser 2 is that it can quickly transfer a large number of samples in the low-temperature centrifuge 1, and realize sample dilution by pre-oscillation and introduction of PBS.

[0053] See also Figure 3 In this embodiment, the oscillator 3 includes a frame 301, an upper frame 302, a swing-type oscillating assembly, an oscillating tray 310 and an oscillating tube module 311, wherein the upper frame 302 is arranged along the end surface of the frame 301, and a straight slide 303 is arranged on both sides of the upper frame 302, and the inner side of the upper frame 302 can be guided to connect the oscillating tray 310; the swing-type oscillating assembly includes an oscillating arm 304, a swinging plate 305, a disc 306, a motor A, a large pulley 307 and a small pulley 308, wherein the disc 306 is provided with two The group is coaxially connected to both sides of the upper frame 302, and a large pulley 307 is set at the rear end of the disc 306 on one side, and the large pulley 307 is linked with a small pulley 308 through a belt, and the small pulley 308 is connected to the shaft end of the motor A; a slide plate 309 is set on the end face of the large pulley 307, and a swing plate 305 is set on the front side of the large pulley 307, and a straight groove is provided on the swing plate 305 that is slidably connected to the slide plate 309, the lower end of the swing plate 305 is hinged to the frame 301, and the upper end of the swing plate 305 is hinged to the oscillation arm 304.

[0054] In this embodiment, a sliding shaft is set in the straight slide 303, the end of the sliding shaft can be connected to the vibration tray 310, and the end of the vibration arm 304 can be hinged with the sliding shaft. The vibration arm 304 can drive the vibration tray 310 to move forward and backward when the turntable rotates.

[0055] See also Figure 3-Figure 4 In the present embodiment, a plurality of slots are arranged in an array on the oscillation tray 310, and an oscillation tube module 311 is placed in each slot, wherein the oscillation tube module 311 includes a tube body 311a, an upper cover plate 311b and a confluence pipe 311c, wherein an upper cover plate 311b is arranged at the upper end of the tube body 311a, and an outlet pipe is connected to the bottom side of the tube body 311a, and an electromagnetic one-way valve 311d is arranged on the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe ends of the plurality of oscillation tube modules 311 are connected to the confluence pipe 311c, and the confluence pipe 311c is a hose, and the end of the confluence pipe 311c is connected to the filter 4 in three pipes, wherein each pipe is provided with a one-way valve.

[0056] See also Figure 5 In the present embodiment, at least three groups of syringe pre-filters are provided, the three groups of syringe pre-filters are located on one side of the pushing module and their bottom sides are fixed by brackets, the syringe pre-filters include a syringe body 401, a piston push plate 402 and a pre-filter layer, wherein the pre-filter layer is arranged on the front side of the syringe body 401, the piston push plate 402 is arranged on the inner side of the syringe body 401, and the rear end of the piston push plate 402 extends out of the syringe body 401 and is close to the pushing module.

[0057] In this embodiment, the pushing module includes a T-shaped bracket 403, a track 404, a rack push plate 405, a gear set 406 and a driving unit, wherein the track 404 is provided on the bottom side of the T-shaped bracket 403, the driving unit is installed on the T-shaped bracket 403, the rack push plate 405 can be slidably connected with the track 404, and the front end of the rack push plate 405 is close to the piston push plate 402; the driving unit includes a motor B installed on the upper side of the T-shaped bracket 403 and a gear set 406 linked by a belt and a pulley, the gear set 406 includes three coaxially connected gears, the three gears are respectively meshed with the rack push plate 405 and push the rack push plate 405 to slide along the track 404 to push the piston push plate 402; the filter tube 407 is connected to the front end of the syringe body 401 through a joint tube, and multiple filter layers for filtering exosome samples are arranged in the filter tube 407.

[0058] In this embodiment, the filter 4 is based on a combination of a syringe-type pre-filter and a filter tube 407. The syringe-type pre-filter can achieve automatic filtration by filling a filter layer in a disposable syringe and automatically pushing the filter tube 407 through a pushing module. After passing through the syringe-type pre-filter, the sample enters the filter tube 407 for deep filtration. Since the pushing module can pressurize the disposable syringe, the sample after entering the filter tube 407 is under pressure, which can achieve unpowered filtration and a fast impurity removal speed.

[0059] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using the above-mentioned plasma exosome filtration and extraction device, the specific steps of which include:

[0060] S1: Take out the frozen sample and thaw it on ice. After the sample is completely thawed, balance the EP tube and place the sample in a low-temperature centrifuge 1 for low-temperature centrifugation to remove large vesicles.

[0061] S2: The sample supernatant is collected and sucked into the distribution chamber 201 by using the input pump head and the input suction tube of the dilution distributor 2, and the distribution chamber 201 is diluted by adding PBS diluent through the dilution tube 202, and then pre-oscillated by using the oscillator, and then the diluted sample is diverted into multiple oscillation tube modules 311 of the oscillator 3 by using the output suction tube 203;

[0062] S3: Multiple oscillation tube modules 311 can achieve an oscillation effect by moving the oscillation tray 310 back and forth. After multiple reciprocating oscillations, the electromagnetic one-way valve 311d at the bottom of the tube body 311a opens, and the samples in the multiple tube bodies 311a converge into the syringe pre-filter through the confluence pipe 311c;

[0063] S4: The syringe pre-filter can utilize the gear and rack push plate 405 meshing and the piston push plate 402. The piston push plate 402 can filter and push out the sample entering the syringe body 401, so that the sample enters the filter tube 407 at high speed for filtration to remove impurities. The filtered sample is collected by the exosome collection box 5, and the exosome filtration extraction is completed after ultracentrifugation.

[0064] It is worth noting that the entire device is controlled by a general control system. Since the equipment matched with the control system is commonly used equipment and belongs to existing mature technology, its electrical connection relationship and specific circuit structure will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device, characterized in that: include: A low-temperature centrifuge (1) is arranged at the front end of the filtering and extracting device and is used to perform low-temperature centrifugation on the pre-treated sample after thawing and balancing. A dilution distributor (2) is arranged on one side of the low-temperature centrifuge (1); The dilution distributor (2) comprises a distribution chamber (201), an oscillator arranged at the bottom side of the distribution chamber (201), a dilution tube (202) arranged in the distribution chamber (201), an input pump head, an output pump head, and an input suction tube and an output suction tube (203) respectively connected to the input pump head and the output pump head; The oscillator (3) is used to oscillate and mix the diluted sample. The oscillator (3) comprises a frame (301), an upper frame (302), a swing-type oscillation assembly, an oscillation tray (310) and an oscillation tube module (311), wherein the upper frame (302) is arranged along the end surface of the frame (301), and straight slides (303) are arranged on both sides of the upper frame (302). The inner side of the upper frame (302) can be guided to connect to the oscillation tray (310); The filter (4) is used to filter the sample after dilution, oscillation and homogenization. The filter (4) comprises a syringe pre-filter, a filter tube (407) and a push module, wherein at least three groups of syringe pre-filters are provided. The three groups of syringe pre-filters are located on one side of the push module and the bottom side thereof is fixed by a bracket. The syringe pre-filter comprises a syringe body (401), a piston push plate (402) and a pre-filter layer. The exosome collection box (5) can be connected to the output end of the filter tube (407) via a plurality of connectors.

2. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the input suction tube is divided into a plurality of input heads, which can extend into the upper layer of the sample tube after the sample is centrifuged in the low-temperature centrifuge (1) to collect the supernatant into the distribution chamber (201); the dilution tube (202) can be connected to an external PBS diluent, and the output side of the output suction tube (203) is connected to the oscillator (3).

3. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing type oscillation component comprises an oscillation arm (304), a swing plate (305), a disc (306), a motor A, a large pulley (307) and a small pulley (308), wherein the disc (306) is provided with two groups and is coaxially rotatably connected to the two sides of the upper frame (302), wherein a large pulley (307) is provided at the rear end of the disc (306) on one side, the large pulley (307) is linked with the small pulley (308) through a belt, and the small pulley (308) is connected to the shaft end of the motor A; a slide plate (309) is provided on the end surface of the large pulley (307), a swing plate (305) is provided on the front side of the large pulley (307), a straight groove is provided on the swing plate (305) which is slidably connected to the slide plate (309), the lower end of the swing plate (305) is hinged to the frame (301), and the upper end of the swing plate (305) is hinged to the oscillation arm (304).

4. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding shaft is arranged in the straight carriage (303), the end of which can be connected to the oscillating tray (310), and the end of the oscillating arm (304) can be hinged to the sliding shaft. The oscillating arm (304) can drive the oscillating tray (310) to move forward and backward when the turntable rotates.

5. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oscillation tray (310) is provided with a plurality of slots arranged in an array, and an oscillation tube module (311) is placed in each slot, wherein the oscillation tube module (311) comprises a tube body (311a), an upper cover plate (311b) and a confluence pipe (311c), wherein the upper end of the tube body (311a) is provided with an upper cover plate (311b), and the bottom side of the tube body (311a) is connected to an outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is provided with an electromagnetic one-way valve (311d), and the outlet pipe ends of the plurality of oscillation tube modules (311) are connected to the confluence pipe (311c), and the confluence pipe (311c) is a hose, and the end of the confluence pipe (311c) is connected to the filter (4) in three pipes, and each pipe is provided with a one-way valve.

6. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pre-filter layer is arranged at the front side of the syringe body (401), and a piston push plate (402) is arranged at the inner side of the syringe body (401). The rear end of the piston push plate (402) extends out of the syringe body (401) and is close to the push module.

7. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing module comprises a T-shaped bracket (403), a track (404), a rack push plate (405), a gear set (406) and a driving unit, wherein the track (404) is provided on the bottom side of the T-shaped bracket (403), the driving unit is installed on the T-shaped bracket (403), the rack push plate (405) can be slidably connected with the track (404), and the front end of the rack push plate (405) is close to the piston push plate (402).

8. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving unit includes a motor B mounted on the upper side of the T-shaped bracket (403) and a gear set (406) linked by a belt and a pulley, wherein the gear set (406) includes three coaxially connected gears, the three gears respectively mesh with the rack push plate (405) and push the rack push plate (405) to slide along the track (404) to push the piston push plate (402); the filter tube (407) is connected to the front end of the syringe body (401) through a joint tube, and multiple filter layers for filtering exosome samples are arranged in the filter tube (407).

9. A plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output suction tube (203) is connected to the distribution rack (204) through the end of the hose. The bottom side of the distribution rack (204) is divided into multiple distribution output heads (205). The number of distribution output heads (205) matches the number of oscillation tube modules (311) on the oscillation tray (310). The distribution output heads (205) can extend into the oscillation tube modules (311).

10. A method for using a plasma exosome filtration and extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1: Take out the frozen sample and thaw it on ice. After the sample is completely thawed, balance the EP tube and place the sample in a low-temperature centrifuge (1) for low-temperature centrifugation to remove large vesicles. S2: using the input pump head and input suction tube of the dilution distributor (2) to suck and collect the sample supernatant into the distribution chamber (201), adding PBS diluent into the distribution chamber (201) through the dilution tube (202) for dilution, then using an oscillator for pre-oscillation, and then using the output suction tube (203) to divert the diluted sample into multiple oscillation tube modules (311) of the oscillator (3); S3: The multiple oscillating tube modules (311) can realize an oscillating effect by moving the oscillating tray (310) back and forth. After multiple reciprocating oscillations, the electromagnetic one-way valve (311d) at the bottom of the tube body (311a) opens, and the samples in the multiple tube bodies (311a) converge into the syringe pre-filter through the confluence pipe (311c); S4: The syringe pre-filter can utilize the gear and rack push plate (405) meshing with the piston push plate (402), and the piston push plate (402) can filter and push out the sample entering the syringe body (401), so that the sample enters the filter tube (407) at high speed for filtration to remove impurities. The filtered sample is collected through the exosome collection box (5), and the exosome filtration extraction is completed after ultracentrifugation.

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