A dredging device and a dredging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a dredging device and a dredging method, which relate to the technical field of dredging, and include a traveling frame, wherein a sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism, an obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism, an upper-layer sludge spiral collecting mechanism and a lower-layer sludge loosening plough are sequentially arranged in the traveling direction of the traveling frame, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism is used for clearing obstacles and puncturing the sludge layer, the obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism is used for conveying the obstacles cleared by the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism upwards above the water surface, the upper-layer sludge spiral collecting mechanism is used for collecting the upper-layer sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle, the lower-layer sludge loosening plough is used for turning the lower-layer sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle after the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism has punctured, the traveling frame is provided with a confluence cover which at least partially covers the upper-layer sludge spiral collecting mechanism and the lower-layer sludge loosening plough respectively, and a sludge suction pump is provided on the top of the confluence cover to suck and remove the sludge, so as to achieve a significant dredging effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dredging, and in particular to a dredging device and a dredging method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the times, the pollution of existing lake water bodies has become increasingly serious. The sludge contains a large amount of salt, heavy metals and organic pollutants. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sludge can also cause excessive growth of algae. Therefore, the sludge has serious harm to water bodies and soil. The sludge is divided into a soft layer on the surface of the sludge and a hard layer deep in the sludge. The existing dredging devices can usually only clean the surface of the sludge. Therefore, the existing devices have the problem of not thoroughly cleaning the sludge and the debris in the sludge.

[0003] The existing patent (Announcement No.: CN114351778B) proposes an underwater dredging robot, including a robot platform frame, the bottom of which is provided with an intelligent motion system, the upper end of which is provided with a waterproof shell, the two sides of which are provided with buoys, the front end of which is provided with a mechanical arm, and the front end of which is provided with a dredging mechanism; the front and rear ends of the robot platform frame and the upper end of the waterproof shell are also provided with six-dimensional underwater propellers. The software for the intelligent walking, silt detection and dredging of the underwater robot are all integrated and developed into their own unique system and are installed in the intelligent control system accordingly. All the work, whether it is the overall robot's power walking, precise positioning, route correction, silt detection, dredging operation, or backwashing, can be controlled and operated by the intelligent control system accordingly, truly realizing the autonomous operation and stable operation of the dredging robot.

[0004] The above-mentioned dredging robot adopts a dredging mechanism in the technical solution of dredging. The dredging mechanism adopts a structure of a capstan suction cup and a crushing shield. The capstan suction cup is used to absorb silt, and the crushing shield is used to crush solid waste. The problem with this solution is that the dredging mechanism can only dredge the surface layer of the silt. If dredging is only performed by the capstan suction cup, the dredging effect is not ideal. Therefore, we propose a dredging device and a dredging method to solve the above-mentioned problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a silt clearing device and a silt clearing method, which solve the technical problem that the current silt clearing device has a poor silt clearing effect.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a dredging device, including a traveling frame, in which a sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism, an obstacle clearing conveying mechanism, an upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism and a lower sludge loosening plough are arranged in sequence in the traveling direction of the traveling frame, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism is used to clear obstacles and puncture the sludge layer, the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism is used to convey the obstacles cleared by the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism upward above the water surface, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism is used to collect the upper sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle, the lower sludge loosening plough is used to turn the lower sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle after the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism has been punctured, and a confluence cover is provided on the traveling frame, which at least partially covers the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism and the lower sludge loosening plough, and a sludge suction pump is provided on the top of the confluence cover.

[0007] Preferably, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism comprises at least two spiked rollers which are distributed on the same axis and rotate synchronously, and the spiked rollers are connected to the first driving assembly.

[0008] The above technical solution is adopted: the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism includes at least two spiked rollers distributed on the same axis and rotating synchronously, the spiked rollers are connected to the first drive assembly, and the first drive assembly drives the spiked rollers to roll. On the one hand, the spiked rollers can puncture the hard layer of the sludge to pre-soften the hard layer, making it easier for the mud plow to loosen the hard layer of the sludge; on the other hand, the spiked rollers can puncture impurities on the sludge, and after puncturing the impurities, the impurities are rolled to the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism for transportation and cleaning.

[0009] Preferably, the first driving assembly includes a first servo motor exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected to a first transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft is connected to the spiked roller via a first gear transmission structure.

[0010] The above technical solution is adopted: the first driving component includes a first servo motor exposed to the water surface, the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected to the first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is connected to the spiked roller through a first tooth transmission structure, and the first tooth transmission structure can avoid the risk of the first servo motor being immersed in water and prevent the first servo motor from being damaged. On the other hand, one first servo motor can drive multiple spiked rollers to roll, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, a cutting knife is provided on the traveling frame, the cutting edge of the cutting knife being downward and at least partially extending into the space between two adjacent spiked rollers.

[0012] The above technical solution is adopted: a cutting knife with a blade facing downward and at least partially extending into the space between two adjacent spiked rollers is provided on the walking frame. In order to avoid large and long impurities, which may get stuck on the first transmission shaft when the spiked roller rolls the impurities onto the obstacle removal conveying mechanism, the cutting knife is designed to cut off the impurities.

[0013] Preferably, the obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt arranged at an angle, and a comb portion at the lower end of the conveyor belt, the comb portion having a plurality of comb teeth, and a comb tooth groove is formed between two adjacent comb teeth, the sharp spikes of the spiked roller correspond one-to-one to the comb tooth grooves and the sharp spikes pass through the comb tooth grooves when the spiked roller rotates.

[0014] The above technical solution is adopted: the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt arranged at an angle, and a comb part at the lower end of the conveyor belt, the comb part has a plurality of comb teeth, and a comb tooth groove is formed between two adjacent comb teeth, the sharp nails of the spiked roller correspond to the comb tooth grooves one by one and the sharp nails pass through the comb tooth grooves when the spiked roller rotates, which can effectively comb out the impurities on the spiked roller and then allow the impurities to reach the conveyor belt smoothly.

[0015] Preferably, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism comprises two spiral rods with opposite spiral directions and rotating synchronously, and the spiral rods are connected to the second driving assembly.

[0016] The above technical solution is adopted: the upper sludge spiral collection mechanism includes two spiral rods with opposite spiral directions and rotating synchronously, the spiral rods are connected to the second drive assembly, and the second drive assembly drives the two spiral rods with opposite spiral directions to rotate, so as to gather the sludge on both sides of the collection cover in the middle part of the collection cover, further facilitating the sludge suction pump to suck away and remove the sludge.

[0017] Preferably, the second driving assembly includes a second servo motor exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the second servo motor is connected to a second transmission shaft, and the second transmission shaft is connected to the screw rod via a second gear transmission structure.

[0018] The above technical solution is adopted: the second drive component includes a second servo motor exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the second servo motor is connected to a second transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft is connected to the screw rod through a second gear transmission structure, and this structure has the same advantages as the above-mentioned first drive component.

[0019] Preferably, there are at least two lower layer sludge loosening plows and they are symmetrically distributed.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, there are at least two sludge loosening plows in the lower layer and they are symmetrically distributed, so the loosening effect is better when loosening the hard layer of the sludge.

[0021] Preferably, the front side of the collector cover is provided with an opening, and opposite sides of the collector cover are respectively provided with collector inclined portions inclined toward the center position of the traveling frame.

[0022] The above technical solution is adopted: an opening is provided on the front side of the collector, and collector inclined parts inclined toward the center of the traveling frame are provided on opposite sides of the collector, so that the sludge is conveniently gathered to the middle of the collector.

[0023] The present application also proposes a dredging method, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. At least part of the dredging device is submerged in water, and the dredging device is driven by power or traction power to move on the bottom of the water;

[0025] The silt pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism of the silt-clearing device of S2 and S1 performs obstacle clearing and punctures the silt layer;

[0026] S3, the obstacle removal and conveying mechanism of the silt removal device transports the obstacles cleared by S2 upwards above the water surface;

[0027] S4, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism of the silt removal device collects the upper sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle in the collecting cover, and the lower sludge loosening plow of the silt removal device turns the lower sludge after the sludge pre-piercing obstacle removal mechanism punctures the lower sludge from both sides of the traveling frame to the middle in the collecting cover;

[0028] S5. The sludge suction pump disposed on the top of the collector conveys the sludge in the collector from bottom to top outside the water surface, that is, the dredging process is completed.

[0029] Compared with the related art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Compared with the traditional dredging device, the present invention is provided with a sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism, an obstacle clearing conveying mechanism, an upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism, a lower sludge loosening plough, a collection cover and a sludge suction pump. When the walking frame moves forward, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism can, on the one hand, cone-puncture the hard layer of sludge during the rolling process to pre-soften the hard layer, so as to facilitate the loosening of the sludge hard layer by the loosening plough, and on the other hand, cone-puncture impurities on the sludge. After the impurities are cone-punctured, when the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism rolls to the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism, the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism transports the impurities to a collection box or a collection ship on the water surface, so as to avoid the clogging of the sludge suction pump by these impurities. When the walking frame moves forward, the lower sludge loosening plough loosens the hard layer of sludge, and the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism gathers the sludge in the collection cover from both sides to the middle of the loosened sludge. Finally, the sludge in the collection cover is sucked away and removed by the sludge suction pump. The present invention has the characteristics of thorough dredging and good dredging effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dredging device;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of the structure of a dredging device;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of point A in a dredging device;

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a collector cover in a dredging device;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a dredging device;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a sludge pre-piercing obstacle-clearing mechanism and an upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism in a silt clearing device;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a silt removal device including a collecting cover, a lower silt loosening plough, and a silt suction pump;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a dredging device in three-dimensional coordinates;

[0039] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working status of a dredging device.

[0040] Numbers in the figure: 1. Traveling frame; 11. Cutting knife; 2. Sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism; 21. Spiked roller; 211. Spiked nails; 22. First driving assembly; 221. First servo motor; 222. First transmission shaft; 3. Obstacle clearing conveying mechanism; 31. Conveyor belt; 32. Comb part; 321. Comb teeth; 322. Comb teeth groove; 4. Upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism; 41. Spiral rod; 42. Second driving assembly; 421. Second servo motor; 422. Second transmission shaft; 5. Lower sludge loosening plough; 6. Confluence cover; 61. Opening; 62. Confluence inclined part; 7. Sludge suction pump; 8. Grid filter plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, a dredging device includes a traveling frame 1, and a sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism 2, an obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism 3, an upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 and a lower sludge loosening plough 5 are sequentially arranged in the traveling direction of the traveling frame 1, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism 2 is used to clear obstacles and puncture the sludge layer, the obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism 3 is used to convey the obstacles cleared by the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism 2 upward above the water surface, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 is used to collect the upper sludge from both sides of the traveling frame 1 to the middle, the lower sludge loosening plough 5 is used to turn the lower sludge from both sides of the traveling frame 1 to the middle after the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism 2 is punctured, and a confluence cover 6 is arranged on the traveling frame 1, which is at least partially covered by the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 and the lower sludge loosening plough 5, and a sludge suction pump 7 is arranged on the top of the confluence cover 6;

[0043] When the traveling frame 1 moves forward, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 can, during the rolling process, puncture the hard layer of the sludge to puncture the hard layer, so as to facilitate the loosening of the sludge hard layer by the loosening plough; on the other hand, it can puncture impurities on the sludge. After the impurities are punctured, when the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 rolls to the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3, the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3 conveys the impurities to a collection box or a collection ship on the water surface, thereby preventing these impurities from clogging the sludge suction pump 7. When the traveling frame 1 moves forward, the lower sludge loosening plough 5 loosens the hard layer of the sludge, and the loosened sludge is gathered from both sides to the middle by the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 in the collection cover 6. Finally, the sludge in the collection cover 6 is sucked away and removed by the sludge suction pump 7. The present invention has the characteristics of thorough dredging and good dredging effect.

[0044] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 includes at least two spiked rollers 21 distributed on the same axis and rotating synchronously, the spiked roller 21 is connected to the first drive assembly 22, and the first drive assembly 22 drives the spiked roller 21 to roll. On the one hand, the spiked roller 21 can puncture the hard layer of the sludge to pre-soften the hard layer, making it easier for the mud plow to loosen the hard layer of the sludge. On the other hand, the spiked roller 21 can puncture impurities on the sludge, and after puncturing the impurities, the impurities are rolled to the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3 for transportation and cleaning.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the first driving assembly 22 includes a first servo motor 221 exposed to the water surface, and a first transmission shaft 222 is connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 221. The first transmission shaft 222 is connected to the spiked roller 21 through a first gear transmission structure. The first gear transmission structure can avoid the risk of the first servo motor 221 being immersed in water and prevent the first servo motor 221 from being damaged. On the other hand, one first servo motor 221 can drive multiple spiked rollers 21 to roll, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0046] The second driving assembly 42 includes a second servo motor 421 exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the second servo motor 421 is connected to a second transmission shaft 422, and the second transmission shaft 422 is connected to the screw rod 41 through a second gear transmission structure, which has the same advantages as the first driving assembly 22;

[0047] Preferably, in order to protect the working stability of the first gear transmission structure and the second gear transmission structure and to prevent silt from blocking the normal operation of the first gear transmission structure and the second gear transmission structure, protective covers are provided outside the first gear transmission structure and the second gear transmission structure to protect the first gear transmission structure and the second gear transmission structure.

[0048] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, a cutting knife 11 is provided on the walking frame 1, with the blade facing downward and at least partially extending into the space between two adjacent spiked rollers 21. In order to prevent large and long impurities from getting stuck on the first transmission shaft 222 when the spiked roller 21 rolls the impurities onto the obstacle removal conveying mechanism 3, the cutting knife 11 is designed to cut off the impurities.

[0049] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the obstacle removal conveying mechanism 3 includes a conveyor belt 31 arranged at an angle, and a comb portion 32 at the lower end of the conveyor belt 31, the comb portion 32 has a plurality of comb teeth 321, and a comb tooth groove 322 is formed between two adjacent comb teeth 321, the sharp spikes 211 of the spike roller 21 correspond to the comb tooth grooves 322 one by one and when the spike roller 21 rotates, the sharp spikes 211 pass through the comb tooth grooves 322, which can effectively comb out the impurities on the spike roller 21, and then make the impurities reach the conveyor belt 31 smoothly.

[0050] It should be further explained that the comb part 32 is fixed to the fixed bracket of the conveyor belt 31 or is arranged on the traveling frame 1, the comb part 32 is arranged horizontally, and the comb part 32 and the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 31 form an obtuse angle. The conveyor belt 31 is driven by a motor.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 includes two spiral rods 41 with opposite spiral directions and rotating synchronously. The spiral rods 41 are connected to the second drive assembly 42. The second drive assembly 42 drives the two spiral rods 41 with opposite spiral directions to rotate, so as to gather the sludge on both sides of the collection cover 6 to the middle part of the collection cover 6, further facilitating the sludge suction pump 7 to suck away and remove the sludge.

[0052] like Figure 7As shown, there are at least two lower layer sludge loosening plows 5 which are symmetrically distributed, and the loosening effect is better when the hard layer of sludge is loosened. An opening 61 is provided on the front side of the collector 6, and a second opening is provided on the bottom side of the collector 6. On the opposite sides of the collector 6, there are respectively provided with a collector inclined portion 62 inclined toward the center position of the walking frame 1, so as to facilitate the sludge to converge to the middle of the collector 6.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, since the upper sludge layer is viscous and the lower sludge layer is a deposited and slightly hardened sludge layer, the mesh filter plate 8 is arranged above the front side of the upper sludge spiral collection mechanism 4, which can filter large objects in the sludge to a certain extent, so as to further play a protective role for the sludge suction pump 7.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, the traveling frame 1 moves along the Z axis, wherein the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2, the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4, and the confluence cover 6 on the traveling frame 1 are also arranged in sequence along the Z axis, wherein the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 is distributed on the X axis, and the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism 4 is distributed on the X axis.

[0055] Embodiment 3, based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment further discloses a dredging method, which comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. At least part of the silt removal device of Example 1 is submerged in water, and the silt removal device is driven by power or traction power to move on the bottom of the water;

[0057] The silt pre-puncture obstacle removal mechanism 2 of the silt removal device of S2 and S1 performs obstacle removal and punctures the silt layer;

[0058] S3, the obstacle removal and conveying mechanism 3 of the silt removal device transports the obstacles cleared by S2 upward to above the water surface;

[0059] S4, the upper silt spiral collecting mechanism 4 of the silt removal device collects the upper silt from both sides of the traveling frame 1 to the middle into the collecting cover 6, and the lower silt loosening plough 5 of the silt removal device turns the lower silt punctured by the silt pre-puncture obstacle removal mechanism 2 from both sides of the traveling frame 1 to the middle into the collecting cover 6;

[0060] S5. The sludge suction pump 7 disposed on the top of the collector 6 transports the sludge in the collector 6 from bottom to top outside the water surface, that is, the dredging process is completed.

[0061] It should be further explained that the sludge suction pump 7 collects the sludge in the collection box on the traveling frame 1 through the pipeline, or directly collects the sludge in the obstacle storage bin of the hull.

[0062] Working principle: Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, when the traveling frame 1 moves forward, the silt pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 can, during the rolling process, puncture the hard layer of the silt to pre-soften the hard layer, so as to facilitate the loosening of the silt hard layer by the loosening plough; on the other hand, it can puncture impurities on the silt. After the impurities are punctured, when the silt pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism 2 rolls to the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3, the obstacle clearing conveying mechanism 3 conveys them to a collection box or a collection ship on the water surface, so as to avoid these impurities from clogging the silt suction pump 7. When the traveling frame 1 moves forward, the lower silt loosening plough 5 loosens the hard layer of the silt, and the loosened silt is gathered from both sides to the middle by the upper silt spiral collecting mechanism 4. Finally, the silt in the confluence cover 6 is sucked away and removed by the silt suction pump 7. The present invention has the characteristics of thorough dredging and good dredging effect.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dredging device, comprising a traveling frame (1), characterized in that: A sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism (2), an obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism (3), an upper-layer sludge spiral collecting mechanism (4) and a lower-layer sludge loosening plough (5) are sequentially arranged in the walking direction of the walking frame (1); the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism (2) is used to clear obstacles and puncture the sludge layer; the obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism (3) is used to convey the obstacles cleared by the sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism (2) upward to above the water surface; and the upper-layer sludge spiral collecting mechanism (4) is used to collect the obstacles and loosen the sludge layer. 4) used to collect the upper sludge from both sides of the walking frame (1) to the middle, and the lower sludge loosening plough (5) is used to turn the lower sludge from both sides of the walking frame (1) to the middle after the sludge pre-puncture obstacle removal mechanism (2) is punctured. The walking frame (1) is provided with a collection cover (6) which at least partially covers the upper sludge spiral collection mechanism (4) and the lower sludge loosening plough (5), and a sludge suction pump (7) is provided on the top of the collection cover (6); The sludge pre-puncture obstacle-clearing mechanism (2) comprises at least two spiked rollers (21) which are distributed on the same axis and rotate synchronously, and the spiked rollers (21) are connected to a first driving assembly (22); the obstacle-clearing conveying mechanism (3) comprises a conveying belt (31) which is arranged obliquely, and a combing portion (32) located at the lower end of the conveying belt (31), the combing portion (32) having a plurality of comb teeth (321), and a comb tooth slot (322) is formed between two adjacent comb teeth (321), the spikes (211) of the spiked roller (21) correspond to the comb tooth slots (322) one by one, and when the spiked roller (21) rotates, the spikes (211) pass through the comb tooth slots (322).

2. A dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving assembly (22) comprises a first servo motor (221) exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the first servo motor (221) is connected to a first transmission shaft (222), and the first transmission shaft (222) is connected to the spiked roller (21) via a first tooth transmission structure.

3. A dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting knife (11) is provided on the walking frame (1) with a blade facing downward and extending into the space between two adjacent spiked rollers (21).

4. A dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism (4) comprises two spiral rods (41) with opposite spiral directions and rotating synchronously, and the spiral rods (41) are connected to a second driving assembly (42).

5. A dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second driving assembly (42) comprises a second servo motor (421) exposed above the water surface, the output shaft of the second servo motor (421) is connected to a second transmission shaft (422), and the second transmission shaft (422) is connected to the screw rod (41) via a second gear transmission structure.

6. A dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two lower layer mud loosening ploughs (5) and they are symmetrically distributed.

7. A dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the collector cover (6) is provided with an opening (61), and opposite sides of the collector cover (6) are respectively provided with collector inclined portions (62) inclined toward the center position of the traveling frame (1).

8. A dredging method, characterized in that: The desilting method comprises the following steps: S1. Submerge a dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 into water, and the dredging device is driven by power or traction power to move on the bottom of the water; S2, the sludge pre-puncture obstacle clearing mechanism (2) of the silt clearing device of S1 performs obstacle clearing and punctures the sludge layer; S3, the obstacle removal and conveying mechanism (3) of the silt removal device conveys the obstacles cleared by S2 upwards to above the water surface; S4, the upper sludge spiral collecting mechanism (4) of the dredging device collects the upper sludge from both sides of the traveling frame (1) to the middle into the collecting cover (6), and the lower sludge loosening plough (5) of the dredging device turns the lower sludge after being punctured by the sludge pre-puncture obstacle removal mechanism (2) from both sides of the traveling frame (1) to the middle into the collecting cover (6); S5. The sludge suction pump (7) arranged on the top of the collecting cover (6) transports the sludge in the collecting cover (6) from bottom to top outside the water surface, that is, the dredging process is completed.

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