Backscattering method and device, terminal equipment, network equipment and chip

Abstract

The invention discloses a backscattering method and device, terminal equipment, network equipment and a chip, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: a sending end sends a first signal to a receiving end; the receiving end modulates the received first signal to obtain a second signal, the second signal comprises at least one of data information, control information access information and an interaction signal, the second signal and a third signal are orthogonal, and the third signal comprises at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal and a side link signal; and the receiving end sends the second signal to the sending end. Therefore, in the passive Internet of Things, the receiving end modulates the information of the receiving end to the received first signal to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal to realize backscattering, so that the energy consumption of the receiving end is saved through backscattering. Meanwhile, the second signal and the third signal are orthogonal, so that the passive Internet of Things multiplexes the existing cellular network deployment, the overhead of independently deploying the passive Internet of Things is saved, and the complexity of a receiving end is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a backscattering method and apparatus, terminal equipment, network equipment and chip. Background Art

[0002] The standard protocols specified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (such as Release 18 (R18) / Release 19 (R19)) are discussing and researching new IoT technologies for massive machine type communication (mMTC) application scenarios, namely passive Internet of Things (IOT) technology, also known as Ambient IOT technology, or Passive IOT.

[0003] In traditional communication systems, terminal devices may need to independently generate their own radio frequency (RF) signals for communication, and independently generating RF signals consumes a lot of energy / power. However, terminal devices in passive IoT may only have a small amount of energy / power storage capacity, so how to achieve communication without independently generating RF signals in passive IoT to save energy consumption of terminal devices requires further research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a backscattering method and apparatus, terminal equipment, network equipment and chip, in the hope of solving the problem of how to achieve communication in a passive Internet of Things without independently generating radio frequency signals to save energy consumption of terminal equipment.

[0005] In a first aspect, a backscattering method of the present application includes:

[0006] receiving a first signal;

[0007] modulating the first signal to obtain a second signal, where the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal;

[0008] The second signal is sent.

[0009] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0010] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0011] Optionally, the modulating the first signal includes:

[0012] The first signal is amplitude modulated and / or phase modulated.

[0013] In this way, through amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation, the amplitude used to amplitude modulate the first signal and / or the phase used to phase modulate the first signal correspond to the information generated by the receiving end, thereby modulating the information onto the first signal. At the same time, since amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation does not change the orthogonality of the signal, it is conducive to multiplexing the existing cellular network deployment.

[0014] Optionally, the modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity.

[0015] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity. In this way, this modulation method can increase parallel resources and the number of receiving ends connected simultaneously under large connections.

[0016] Optionally, the modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity to obtain a second signal.

[0017] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the granularity of the time domain unit, so as to achieve modulation at the time domain level.

[0018] Optionally, the receiving a first signal includes:

[0019] The first signal is received on a first resource, where the first signal is modulated by first information, and the first information is known information or predefined information.

[0020] In this way, the first signal can be regarded as a signal of known modulation through known information or predefined information, which is easy to decode in the subsequent

[0021] Optionally, the first signal is modulated by first information, including:

[0022] The first signal is modulated using all-1 information.

[0023] In this way, the present application can generate the first signal in a simple modulation manner through all-1 information, so that the first signal can be regarded as a simple modulated signal and is easy to demodulate subsequently.

[0024] Optionally, sending the second signal includes:

[0025] sending the second signal on a second resource;

[0026] The frequency of the second resource is the same as the frequency of the first resource; or the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by a first frequency shift.

[0027] In this way, when the frequency of the first resource is the same as the frequency of the second resource, this means that frequency shift is not required when backscattering, but backscattering is performed directly. When the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by the first frequency shift amount, this means that frequency shift is required when backscattering, and the frequency of the first resource is different from the frequency of the second resource.

[0028] Optionally, the second resource and the first resource are located in the same frequency band.

[0029] In this way, the present application can achieve frequency shift within the same frequency band.

[0030] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing between the first resource and the second resource.

[0031] In this way, since the subcarrier is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing to achieve subcarrier-level frequency shift.

[0032] Optionally, the first resource is located in a first frequency band, and the second resource is located in a second frequency band.

[0033] In this way, the present application can achieve frequency shift between different frequency bands.

[0034] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on an inter-band offset, a number of subcarriers, and a subcarrier spacing;

[0035] The inter-frequency band offset is an offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band;

[0036] The number of subcarriers is the number of subcarriers spaced between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier having the same subcarrier index as the first resource in the second frequency band, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

[0037] In this way, the present application can shift the first frequency band to the second frequency band based on the inter-band offset, and then perform subcarrier-level offset in the second frequency band based on the number of subcarriers, thereby achieving frequency shift between different frequency bands.

[0038] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0039] First indication information is received, where the first indication information indicates the number of subcarriers.

[0040] In this way, the present application can implement network indication of the number of subcarriers according to the first indication information.

[0041] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on a subcarrier index of the first resource and a subcarrier index of the second resource.

[0042] In this way, since the receiving end can obtain the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, the receiving end can determine the number of subcarriers between the first resource and the second resource based on the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, and finally determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers.

[0043] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0044] Second indication information is received, where the second indication information indicates a subcarrier index of the second resource.

[0045] In this way, the present application can implement the network indicating the subcarrier index of the second resource according to the second indication information.

[0046] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0047] Based on the first frequency shift amount, the second signal is generated.

[0048] In this way, the present application requires frequency shifting when generating the second signal during backscattering.

[0049] Optionally, the first resource is located in a first frequency band;

[0050] The first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication; or, the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication; or, the first frequency band is a frequency band other than a third frequency band and a fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication.

[0051] In this way, if the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communications and / or side link communications, the passive Internet of Things can utilize the spectrum resources used for uplink and downlink communications and / or side link communications in the existing cellular network for network deployment, that is, in-band deployment.

[0052] If the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a protection band for side link communications, the passive Internet of Things can utilize the protection band resources in the existing cellular network for network deployment, namely, protection band deployment.

[0053] If the first frequency band is a frequency band other than the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, the passive Internet of Things can utilize independent spectrum resources for network deployment, namely, out-of-band deployment.

[0054] Optionally, the first resource includes at least one resource element in an available resource block for Internet of Things services located in the first frequency band.

[0055] It can be seen that when the first resource includes at least one RE, since RE is a subcarrier in the frequency domain, and subcarrier / RE is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can carry the first signal through subcarrier-level / RE-level resources to save resource overhead. At this time, the first signal can be regarded as a subcarrier-level / RE-level signal. In this way, the complexity of the receiving end can be reduced (such as reducing the filter requirements of the receiving end), and the parallel resources can be increased as well as the number of receiving ends simultaneously accessed under large connections.

[0056] Optionally, the first resource includes at least one resource element located in the middle position of the available resource block in the first frequency band; or,

[0057] If the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or sidelink communication, the first resource includes at least one resource element close to a guard band in the available resource block of the first frequency band, and the guard band is a guard band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a guard band for sidelink communication; or,

[0058] The first resources include all resource elements in the available resource blocks in the first frequency band.

[0059] In this way, the present application can flexibly determine the first resource for carrying the first signal from the available resource blocks in the first frequency band according to the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, device capabilities of the receiving end, etc., so as to improve the flexibility of passive Internet of Things to reuse the existing cellular network deployment.

[0060] Optionally, resource elements other than the at least one resource element in the available resource block of the first frequency band are filled with 0 information.

[0061] It can be seen that the present application can use some REs in the available RBs to carry the first signal modulated by the first information, and fill the remaining REs with 0 information so that no signal is sent on other REs.

[0062] A second aspect is a backscattering method of the present application, comprising:

[0063] sending a first signal;

[0064] Receive a second signal, where the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal.

[0065] A third aspect is a backscattering device of the present application, comprising:

[0066] A receiving unit, configured to receive a first signal;

[0067] a modulation unit, configured to modulate the first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, and the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal;

[0068] A sending unit is used to send the second signal.

[0069] A fourth aspect is a backscattering device of the present application, comprising:

[0070] A sending unit, configured to send a first signal;

[0071] A receiving unit is used to receive a second signal, wherein the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interactive information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, and the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a side link signal.

[0072] In a fifth aspect, the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect are applied to a terminal device or in a terminal device.

[0073] In a sixth aspect, the steps in the method designed in the second aspect are applied to a network device or in a network device.

[0074] The seventh aspect is a terminal device of the present application, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored on the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect above.

[0075] The eighth aspect is a network device of the present application, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored on the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps in the method designed in the second aspect above.

[0076] The ninth aspect is a chip of the present application, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor executes the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0077] The tenth aspect is a chip module of the present application, comprising a transceiver component and a chip, wherein the chip comprises a processor, wherein the processor executes the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect above.

[0078] In an eleventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium of the present application is provided, wherein a computer program or instruction is stored therein, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented. For example, the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor.

[0079] A twelfth aspect is a computer program product of the present application, comprising a computer program or an instruction, wherein when the computer program or the instruction is executed, the steps in the method designed in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented. For example, the computer program or the instruction is executed by a processor.

[0080] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the second to twelfth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the technical solution of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spectrum resource in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another spectrum resource in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another spectrum resource in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a backscattering method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of the functional units of a backscatter device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 7 It is a block diagram of the functional units of another backscattering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of another terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, software, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but also includes steps or units that are not listed, or also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0092] The "embodiment" involved in the embodiments of the present application means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone; A and B exist at the same time; B exists alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the symbol " / " can indicate that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. In addition, the symbol " / " can also indicate a division sign, that is, performing a division operation. For example, A / B can indicate A divided by B.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one item" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items, and refer to one or more, and multiple refers to two or more. For example, at least one item of a, b, or c can represent the following seven situations: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a, b, and c. Among them, each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present application, "equal to" can be used in conjunction with greater than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when greater than, and can also be used in conjunction with less than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when less than. When equal to is used in conjunction with greater than, it is not used in conjunction with less than; when equal to is used in conjunction with less than, it is not used in conjunction with greater than.

[0097] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms “of”, “corresponding / relevant”, “corresponding”, “indicated”, etc. may sometimes be used interchangeably.

[0098] The words “include,” “contain,” “carry,” “have,” etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application may sometimes be used interchangeably.

[0099] The "connection" in the embodiments of the present application refers to various connection methods such as direct connection or indirect connection to achieve communication between devices, and there is no limitation on this.

[0100] The “network” in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed as the same concept as the “system”, and the communication system is the communication network.

[0101] The following describes the relevant contents, concepts, meanings, technical issues, technical solutions and beneficial effects involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] 1. Communication systems, terminal equipment and network equipment

[0103] 1. Communication system

[0104] The present application can be applied to various communication systems so as to meet the requirements of different communication scenarios.

[0105] Optionally, the present application can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-based Access to Unlicensed Spectrum, LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based Access to Unlicensed Spectrum, NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), 6th Generation (6G) communication system, etc.

[0106] Optionally, the present application can be applied to communication scenarios such as device to device (D2D) system, machine to machine (M2M) system, machine type communication (MTC), vehicle to vehicle (V2V) system, vehicle to everything (V2X) system, narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) system, and passive Internet of Things communication.

[0107] Optionally, the present application can be applied to beamforming (beamforming), carrier aggregation (CA), dual connectivity (DC) or standalone (SA) deployment scenarios, etc.

[0108] Since the embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with terminal devices and network devices, the terminal devices and network devices involved will be described in detail below.

[0109] 2. Terminal equipment

[0110] A terminal device may be a device with transceiver functions, and may also be referred to as a terminal, a passive device, an Internet of Things device, a user equipment (UE), a remote terminal device (remote UE), a relay device (relayUE), an access terminal device, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a mobile device, a user terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent or a user device.

[0111] For example, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in unmanned autonomous driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0112] For another example, the terminal device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next-generation communication system (such as an NR communication system, a 6G communication system), or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile communication network (PLMN), etc., without specific limitation.

[0113] Optionally, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can be deployed on the water (such as ships); it can be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites).

[0114] Optionally, the terminal device may include a device with wireless communication function, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip and may also include other discrete devices.

[0115] Optionally, the terminal device may be a chip, a chip module, a device, a unit, etc., without specific limitation.

[0116] 3. Network equipment

[0117] A network device may be a device with transceiver functions and may be used to communicate with a terminal device.

[0118] Optionally, the network device may be responsible for radio resource management (RRM), quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, data transmission and reception, etc. on the air interface side.

[0119] Optionally, the network device may include a base station (BS) in a communication system or a device deployed in a radio access network (RAN) for providing wireless communication functions, that is, the network device may include a device in the RAN.

[0120] For example, the devices in the RAN may include an evolved node B (evolutional node B, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE communication system, a next generation evolved node B (next generation evolved node B, ng-eNB) in an NR communication system, a next generation node B (next generation node B, gNB) in an NR communication system, a master node (MN) in a dual-connection architecture, a second node or secondary node (SN) in a dual-connection architecture, etc., without specific limitation.

[0121] Optionally, the network device may include a device in a core network (CN).

[0122] For example, the equipment in the CN may include an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF), a session management function (SMF), etc.

[0123] Optionally, the network device may also be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, a relay station, a communication device in a future evolved PLMN network, a communication device in an NTN network, and the like.

[0124] Optionally, the network device may include a device having a wireless communication function for the terminal device, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip, or may include other discrete devices.

[0125] Optionally, the network device may be a transmission and reception point (TRP).

[0126] Optionally, the network device can communicate with an Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, a private IP network, or other data networks.

[0127] Optionally, the network device may include an independent node to implement the functions of the above-mentioned base station, or may include two or more independent nodes to implement the functions of the above-mentioned base station. For example, the network device includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), such as gNB-CU and gNB-DU. Further, in other embodiments of the present application, the network device may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). Among them, the CU implements part of the functions of the network device, and the DU implements another part of the functions of the network device. For example, the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, and implements the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) layer, the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. The DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implements the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, and the physical (PHY) layer. In addition, the AAU can implement some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of active antennas. Since the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be converted from the information of the PHY layer, under this network deployment, high-level signaling (such as RRC signaling) can be considered to be generated by the CU, sent by the DU, or sent by the DU and the AAU. It can be understood that the network device may include at least one of the CU, DU, and AAU. In addition, the CU can be divided into a RAN device, or the CU can be divided into a core network device, without specific limitation.

[0128] Optionally, the network device may be any site in a plurality of sites that perform coherent joint transmission (CJT) with a terminal device, or other sites outside the plurality of sites, or other network devices that perform network communication with the terminal device, and no specific limitation is made to this. Among them, multi-site coherent joint transmission may be multiple-site joint coherent transmission, or different data belonging to the same physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be sent from different sites to a terminal device, or multiple sites may be virtualized into one site for transmission, and names with the same meaning specified in other standards also apply to this application, that is, this application does not limit the names of these parameters. The sites in multi-site coherent joint transmission may be a remote radio head (RRH), a TRP, etc., and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0129] Optionally, the network device may be any site in the multi-site that performs incoherent joint transmission with the terminal device, or other sites outside the multi-site, or other network devices that perform network communication with the terminal device, and there is no specific limitation on this. Among them, multi-site incoherent joint transmission can be multiple site joint incoherent transmission, or different data belonging to the same PDSCH is sent from different sites to the terminal device, and the names with the same meaning specified in other standards are also applicable to this application, that is, this application does not limit the names of these parameters. The sites in the multi-site incoherent joint transmission can be RRH, TRP, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this. The transmission scheme of multiple TRPs may include an S-DCI based M-TRP transmission scheme, and may also include an M-DCI based M-TRP transmission scheme.

[0130] It should be noted that the TRP of the present application is not limited to coherent joint transmission or incoherent joint transmission scenarios, but can also be applied to other scenarios without specific restrictions.

[0131] Optionally, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Optionally, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earthorbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station set up in a location such as land or water.

[0132] Optionally, the network device can provide services for the cell, and the terminal device in the cell can communicate with the network device through transmission resources (such as spectrum resources). The cell can be a macro cell, a small cell, a metro cell, a micro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, etc.

[0133] Optionally, the network device of the embodiment of the present application may be a chip, a chip module, a device, a unit, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0134] 4. Example

[0135] The following is an exemplary description of the communication system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0136] For example, a network architecture of a communication system in an embodiment of the present application can be found at Figure 1 .like Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 10 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 .

[0137] It should be noted that Figure 1 This is merely an example of a network architecture of a communication system and does not constitute a limitation on the network architecture of the communication system in the embodiment of the present application.

[0138] For example, the network device 110 in the communication system 10 may be replaced by a terminal device.

[0139] For another example, the communication system 10 may also include a server or other devices.

[0140] For another example, the communication system 10 may include other network devices in addition to the network device 110 .

[0141] For another example, the communication system 10 may include other terminal devices in addition to the terminal device 120 .

[0142] 2. A backscatter method

[0143] 1. Description

[0144] In a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider the receiving end performing backscattering, thereby saving its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0145] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things, so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application can also consider the orthogonality of the backscattered signal with the signal of the existing cellular network, so as to realize the passive Internet of Things to reuse the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0146] It should be noted that, in combination with the content in "I. Communication system, terminal device and network device" above, the "transmitter" mentioned in this application can be the party that sends a signal, and the "receiver" can be the party that performs backscattering using the signal sent by the transmitter. Among them, the transmitter can be a network device or terminal device in the existing cellular network deployment, or it can be a terminal device in a passive Internet of Things. Correspondingly, the receiver can be a terminal device in a passive Internet of Things.

[0147] The technical solutions, beneficial effects, concepts, etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0148] 2. Specific instructions

[0149] It should be noted that the contents of the following sections may be combined and related to each other, may be parallel to each other, or may be independent of each other, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0150] 1) First signal, second signal and third signal

[0151]

Existing cellular networks

[0152] In combination with the above-mentioned “communication system”, the existing cellular network can be understood as an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, an LTE system, a NR system, an NTN system, a D2D system, an NB-IoT system, etc. Therefore, the signals under the existing cellular network (which can be referred to as “cellular signals”) can include uplink signals, downlink signals, sidelink signals, etc.

[0153] For the convenience of description and distinction, the present application may refer to the signal under the existing cellular network as a "third signal". Of course, other terms may also be used for description. Among them, the third signal may include at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal.

[0154] In existing cellular networks, spectrum is the most important resource and has different frequency ranges. For example, the spectrum is divided into frequency range 1 (FR1) and frequency range 2 (FR2). Based on FR1 and FR2, the corresponding frequencies are divided into many different frequency bands, which can also be called operating bands, frequency bands, and channel bandwidths. At the same time, different frequency bands specify the bandwidth occupied by uplink and downlink, and the multiplexing mode can be divided into frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), supplementary downlink (SDL) and supplementary uplink (SUL).

[0155] For example, FR1 (450 MHz to 8000 MHz) supports a channel bandwidth of 5 MHz to 100 MHz; FR2 (24 GHz to 52 GHz) supports a channel bandwidth of 50 MHz to 600 MHz.

[0156] In addition, the frequency band can be used for uplink and downlink communications (such as uplink frequency band and downlink frequency band), and can also be used for sidelink communications (such as sidelink frequency band), and can include transmission bandwidth and guard band. Among them, the transmission bandwidth can refer to the currently activated spectrum resource range that can be used for air interface transmission, which can also be called in-band, and can correspond to the activated BWP; the guard band can refer to the spectrum resource range that cannot be used for air interface transmission, which is used to avoid interference between uplink and downlink.

[0157] In order to save the cost of deploying passive IoT separately and reduce the complexity of terminal devices, the present application can combine the existing cellular network and passive IoT to build a new passive IoT and reuse the existing cellular network deployment. Reusing the existing cellular network deployment can include in-band deployment and guardband deployment.

[0158] In-band deployment can be understood as passive IoT using the spectrum resources of existing cellular networks for network deployment.

[0159] Guard band deployment can be understood as passive IoT using the guard band resources of existing cellular networks for network deployment.

[0160] Of course, in order to avoid interference caused by reusing the existing cellular network and ensure better communication quality of the passive Internet of Things, this application can also independently deploy the passive Internet of Things. In this case, the passive Internet of Things does not rely on the existing cellular network deployment, but uses independent spectrum resources for communication. Independent deployment can also be called out-band operation.

[0161] Backscatter

[0162] Backscattering can be understood as the receiver modulating its own information onto the RF signal sent by the transmitter without generating RF signals independently. In this way, backscattering can be used to send its own information to the transmitter without generating RF signals independently, so as to save energy consumption at the receiver.

[0163] For example, the transmitting end first generates a signal and sends the signal outward. Then, the receiving end receives the signal, modulates the information generated by itself onto the signal to generate a new signal, and finally sends the new signal outward.

[0164] In addition, in order to realize the deployment of passive Internet of Things reusing existing cellular networks, the present application can orthogonalize the new signal with the signal under the existing cellular network. In this way, orthogonality can not only achieve orthogonality between subcarriers, reduce inter-code interference and cross-carrier interference, but also realize the allocation of signals to different orthogonal subcarriers for transmission, making full use of the channel bandwidth in the frequency domain.

[0165] Optionally, the orthogonality may include OFDM. In this way, the present application can realize a passive IoT multiplexing / compatible OFDM system.

[0166]

First signal

[0167] For the convenience of description and distinction, the present application may refer to the signal sent by the transmitting end as a "first signal". Of course, other terms may also be used for description. Among them, the first signal may be an Internet of Things signal, an OFDM frequency band signal, etc.

[0168] It should be noted that the transmitting end may generate the first signal in a modulation manner or in a non-modulation manner.

[0169] For example, taking the modulation method as an example, the first signal can be modulated by first information, and the first information can be known information or predefined information. In this way, the first signal can be regarded as a known modulated signal through the known information or predefined information, which is easy to demodulate later.

[0170] In addition, in order to reduce the complexity of the transmitting end, the first information can be all-1 information or other simple information. In this way, the present application can generate the first signal in a simple modulation manner through all-1 information or other simple information, so that the first signal can be regarded as a simple modulated signal, which is easy to demodulate later.

[0171] Optionally, the waveform of the first signal may be continuous.

[0172] For example, the first signal S1 may be expressed as:

[0173] S1=A1sin(2πf+θ), or S1=A1cos(2πf+θ);

[0174] Wherein, f represents the frequency of the first signal S1 or the frequency of the resource used to carry the first signal S1, A1 represents the amplitude of the first signal S1, and θ represents the phase of the first signal S1.

[0175] Optionally, the first signal may be an OFDM frequency band signal.

[0176] It should be noted that the present application can modulate the data on each parallel branch after the serial-to-parallel conversion of the data stream onto a corresponding number of subcarriers, and add all the modulated branch signals and take the real part to obtain the OFDM baseband signal, and then obtain the OFDM frequency band signal after frequency conversion on the OFDM baseband signal.

[0177] For example, the OFDM baseband signal S can be expressed as:

[0178]

[0179] Where ω0 represents the frequency of the subcarrier, a k coskω0t-b k sinkω0t can be expressed as

[0180] At this time, if the first signal S1 is an OFDM frequency band signal modulated by the OFDM baseband signal S, the expression of the first signal S1 can be:

[0181]

[0182] Among them, ω c Indicates the frequency of the RF carrier.

[0183] Of course, the present application does not limit the first signal to a signal under an OFDM system, but may also be a signal under other systems, depending on the final implementation of different systems, and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0184] Second signal

[0185] For the convenience of description and distinction, the present application may refer to the new signal sent by the receiving end as a "second signal". Of course, other terms may also be used for description.

[0186] It should be noted that the receiving end generates certain information and carries the information through the second signal to send the information to the sending end, thereby realizing interactive communication of the information. The information can be used for passive Internet of Things services.

[0187] Thus, during the backscattering process, the receiving end modulates the information onto the first signal to generate the second signal. In other words, the first signal is modulated to obtain the second signal.

[0188] Optionally, the information may include at least one of data information, control information, access information, interaction information, etc. That is, the second signal may include at least one of data information, control information, access information, interaction information, etc.

[0189] Optionally, the receiving end modulating the first signal may include: the receiving end may perform amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation on the first signal to obtain the second signal.

[0190] In this way, through amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation, the amplitude used to amplitude modulate the first signal and / or the phase used to phase modulate the first signal correspond to the information generated by the receiving end, thereby modulating the information onto the first signal. At the same time, since amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation does not change the orthogonality of the signal, it is conducive to multiplexing the existing cellular network deployment.

[0191] Of course, the present application may also adopt modulation methods other than amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation without changing the orthogonality of the signal to achieve multiplexing of existing cellular network deployment.

[0192] Optionally, the receiving end modulates the first signal, which may include modulating the first signal at each frequency domain unit granularity according to the time domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The frequency domain unit granularity includes RE, RB, subcarrier, etc., and the time domain unit granularity includes time slot, mini-slot, symbol, sampling, etc.

[0193] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity. In this way, this modulation method can increase parallel resources and the number of receiving ends connected simultaneously under large connections.

[0194] Optionally, the receiving end modulates the first signal, which may include modulating the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The time domain unit granularity includes time slot, micro time slot, symbol, and sampling.

[0195] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the granularity of the time domain unit, so as to achieve modulation at the time domain level.

[0196] 2) First resource and first frequency band

[0197] It should be noted that the network can schedule or configure resources so as to realize transmission by carrying signals through the resources. For the convenience of distinction and description, the resource used to carry the first signal is referred to as "first resource" in this application.

[0198] That is, the transmitting end can send the first signal on the first resource; correspondingly, the receiving end can receive the first signal on the first resource.

[0199] In combination with the content in the above “existing cellular network”, the first resource may be a spectrum resource in a frequency band. For the convenience of distinction and description, the frequency band where the first resource is located is referred to as the “first frequency band”. That is, the first resource may be located in the first frequency band.

[0200]

First frequency band

[0201] It should be noted that the first frequency band may be a spectrum resource and may include multiple resource blocks (RBs). For example, taking a 100MHz frequency band as an example, when the subcarrier spacing is 30kHz, the maximum number of RBs corresponding to 100MHz is 275. Among them, RBs are 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain, that is, 12 resource elements (REs).

[0202] Optionally, the first frequency band may be used for uplink and downlink communications and / or side link communications.

[0203] In this way, the passive Internet of Things can utilize the spectrum resources used for uplink and downlink communications and / or sidelink communications in the existing cellular network for network deployment, that is, in-band deployment.

[0204] Optionally, the first frequency band may include a guard band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a guard band for side link communications.

[0205] In this way, passive IoT can utilize the guard band resources in the existing cellular network for network deployment, namely, guard band deployment.

[0206] Optionally, the first frequency band may be a frequency band other than the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communications and / or sidelink communications, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a protection band for sidelink communications.

[0207] In this way, passive IoT can utilize independent spectrum resources for network deployment, i.e. out-of-band deployment.

[0208]

First Resource

[0209] It should be noted that when the passive Internet of Things needs to reuse the existing cellular network deployment, the communication of the passive Internet of Things requires certain resources, and the communication of the existing cellular network also requires certain resources. Therefore, this application needs to configure the spectrum resources of the first frequency band, and configure the available resources for the Internet of Things service, as well as the available resources for the existing cellular network service. In this way, the first resource can be within the available resources for the Internet of Things service, so as to use the first resource for the Internet of Things service transmission. Among them, the Internet of Things service can include the passive Internet of Things service, NB-IoT service, etc.

[0210] Optionally, the available resources for the Internet of Things service may be a segment of frequency domain resources in the first frequency band, may be a sub-band in the first frequency band, etc.

[0211] For example, the available resources for IoT services may be one, multiple or part of RBs, one, multiple or part of subcarriers, one, multiple or part of REs, etc.

[0212] Optionally, taking the available resource of the IoT service as an available RB as an example, the first resource may include at least one RE or at least one subcarrier in the available RB for the IoT service in the first frequency band. The available RB may be at least one RB, may be at least one RB close to the guard band, and may be at least one RB far from the guard band, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0213] It can be seen that when the first resource includes at least one RE, since RE is a subcarrier in the frequency domain, and subcarrier / RE is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can carry the first signal through subcarrier-level / RE-level resources to save resource overhead. At this time, the first signal can be regarded as a subcarrier-level / RE-level signal. In this way, the complexity of the receiving end can be reduced (such as reducing the filter requirements of the receiving end), and the parallel resources can be increased as well as the number of receiving ends simultaneously accessed under large connections.

[0214] [At least one RE in the available RB]

[0215] It should be noted that the at least one RE included in the first resource may exist in the following multiple situations, so as to adapt to the communication needs of various scenarios and improve the flexibility of passive Internet of Things to reuse the existing cellular network deployment.

[0216] Scenario 1:

[0217] In "Case 1", the first resource may include at least one RE located in the middle of the available RB. In this way, the transmitting end may use at least one RE in the middle to carry the first signal.

[0218] Optionally, at least one RE in the middle position may be determined according to an RE index, which may be a network configuration.

[0219] For example, taking the available RB as one RB, one RB may include 12 REs with indexes 0 to 11. In this way, the RE in the middle position may be the RE with the middle index.

[0220] For example, in Figure 2 In the middle position, the RE has index 6, that is, RE 5; for example, in Figure 3 In the middle position, REs have indexes 5 to 7, namely RE4, RE5, and RE6.

[0221] For another example, taking the available RB as 2 RBs, the 2 RBs may include 24 REs with indices 0 to 23. At this time, the REs in the middle position may be REs with indices in the middle, such as REs with indices 11, i.e., RE 12; or REs with indices 10 to 12, i.e., RE9, RE10, RE11, RE12, RE13, etc.

[0222] Scenario 2:

[0223] In "Case 2", the first resource may include at least one RE located at any position in the available RB. In this way, the transmitting end may use at least one RE at any position to carry the first signal.

[0224] Optionally, at least one RE at any position may be determined based on an RE index, which may be a network configuration.

[0225] Scenario 3:

[0226] In "Scenario 3", if the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or sidelink communication, the first resource may include at least one RE in the available RB that is close to or far from a guard band, and the guard band is a guard band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a guard band for sidelink communication. In this way, the transmitting end may use at least one RE close to or far from the guard band to carry the first signal.

[0227] Optionally, at least one RE close to or far from the guard band may be determined according to an RE index, which may be a network configuration.

[0228] For example, taking the available RB as one RB, one RB may include 12 REs with indexes 0 to 11. At this time, REs with lower RE indexes may be regarded as REs close to the guard band, such as RE0, RE1, etc., and REs with higher RE indexes may be regarded as REs far from the guard band, such as RE10, RE11, etc.

[0229] For example, in Figure 4 In the example, the REs close to the guard band are RE0, RE1, and RE2.

[0230] Scenario 4:

[0231] In "Case 4", the first resource may include all REs in the available RB. In this way, the transmitting end may use all REs to carry the first signal.

[0232]

Second information

[0233] In combination with the above content, when at least one RE in an available RB carries a first signal modulated by the first information, other REs in the available RB except the at least one RE may be filled with second information, where the second information is known information or predefined information different from the first information. The purpose of filling the second information on other REs is that no signal is sent on other REs.

[0234] It can be seen that the present application can use part of the REs in the available RBs to carry the first signal modulated by the first information, and fill the second information on the remaining REs so that no signal is sent on other REs.

[0235] Optionally, if the first information is all-1 information, the second information may be all-0 information.

[0236] For example, the transmitting end can use at least one RE in a certain RB to carry the first signal modulated with all-1 information, and fill the other REs in the RB with all-0 information. It should be noted that filling all 0 information on other REs indicates that no signal is sent on the other REs. Since the entire resource of the RB is used for passive Internet of Things, the present application can send the first signal only on some REs in the RB, and no signal is sent on other REs. This is conducive to making the filter of the receiving end easy to design.

[0237] 3) Whether to perform frequency shift during backscattering

[0238]

describe

[0239] In combination with the above content, the receiving end can modulate the first signal to obtain the second signal, and then send the second signal to the transmitting end, thereby realizing backscattering. In this section, since the frequency of the first resource (i.e., the frequency at which the first signal is located) may be the same as or different from the frequency of the resource used to carry the second signal (i.e., the frequency at which the second signal is located), this application also needs to consider whether frequency shift is required during backscattering. Among them, the frequency shift can be understood as a frequency offset.

[0240] For the convenience of distinction and description, the present application refers to the resource used to carry the second signal as a "second resource." That is, the receiving end can send the second signal on the second resource; correspondingly, the sending end can receive the second signal on the second resource.

[0241] In this way, when the frequency of the first resource is the same as the frequency of the second resource, this means that the receiving end does not need to perform frequency shift when performing backscattering, but directly performs backscattering. When the frequency of the first resource is different from the frequency of the second resource, this means that the receiving end needs to perform frequency shift when performing backscattering. Among them, the frequency shift here can include frequency shift within the same frequency band and frequency shift between different frequency bands, which will be described in detail below.

[0242] Optionally, whether frequency shift is required during backscattering can be configured / indicated by the network.

[0243] For example, taking network configuration as an example, the sender can determine whether frequency shift is required during backscattering based on the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, and the receiving end's equipment capabilities, and then send network signaling (such as RRC signaling, MAC signaling, UE-specific signaling, DCI, etc.) to indicate to the receiving end whether frequency shift is required or not.

[0244]

Frequency Shift

[0245] It should be noted that the "frequency shift" of the present application can be achieved by "phase shift". This is because the phase is the time integral of the frequency, and the frequency is the time derivative of the phase. Therefore, the frequency shift can be achieved by corresponding processing. The following mainly uses frequency shift as an example for explanation, and the phase shift can be understood in the same way, so it will not be repeated.

[0246] In order to achieve frequency shift, the present application may introduce a first frequency shift amount, which may represent the frequency interval between the frequency point of the second resource and the frequency point of the first resource. Therefore, the present application may generate a second signal based on the first frequency shift amount.

[0247] For example, taking the first signal S1 as an example, the receiving end performs amplitude modulation and frequency shift on the first signal S1 to finally generate a second signal. The expression of the second signal S2 can be:

[0248] S2=A2S1*e ±2πΔf ;

[0249] Wherein, A2 represents the amplitude, and Δf represents the first frequency shift. In this way, the frequency point of the second resource is f±Δf.

[0250] For another example, taking the first signal S1 as an example, the receiving end performs phase modulation and frequency shift on the first signal S1 to finally generate a second signal. The expression of the second signal S2 can be:

[0251]

[0252] in, represents the phase, and Δf represents the first frequency shift. In this way, the frequency point of the second resource is f±Δf.

[0253] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount may be network configured.

[0254] For example, taking network configuration as an example, the sending end can determine that the receiving end needs to perform frequency shift based on the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, and the receiving end's device capabilities, and then configure the first frequency shift amount to the receiving end by sending network signaling (such as RRC signaling, MAC signaling, UE-specific signaling, DCI, etc.).

[0255]

Frequency shift within the same frequency band

[0256] Frequency shift within the same frequency band can be understood as that the frequency point of the first resource is different from the frequency point of the second resource, and the first resource and the second resource are located in the same frequency band.

[0257] For example, the frequency point f±Δf of the second resource and the frequency point f of the first resource are in the same frequency band.

[0258] In order to achieve frequency shift within the same frequency band, the first frequency shift amount can be implemented in a variety of ways to adapt to the communication needs of various scenarios and improve the flexibility of frequency shift during backscattering.

[0259] Method A:

[0260] In "method A", the first frequency shift amount may be determined based on the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing between the first resource and the second resource.

[0261] In this way, since the subcarrier is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers to achieve subcarrier-level frequency shift. Optionally, the number of subcarriers and / or the subcarrier spacing can be configured / indicated by the network.

[0262] For example, taking network configuration as an example, the sending end can determine that the receiving end needs to perform frequency shift based on the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, and the receiving end's equipment capabilities, and then indicate the number of subcarriers and / or subcarrier spacing to the receiving end by sending indication information. The indication information can be carried by RRC signaling, MAC signaling, UE-specific signaling, DCI, etc.

[0263] Method B:

[0264] In "method B", the first frequency shift amount may be the product of the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing.

[0265] In this way, the present application can determine the first frequency shift amount according to the product of the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing, thereby achieving subcarrier-level frequency shift within the first frequency band.

[0266] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing may be network configurable.

[0267] For example, taking the number of subcarriers n2 and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first frequency shift Δf is the product of the number of subcarriers n2 and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, that is, Δf = n2*2 μ *15. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2 can be:

[0268] or,

[0269] Method C:

[0270] In "method C", the first frequency shift amount may be determined based on a subcarrier index of the first resource and a subcarrier index of the second resource.

[0271] It should be noted that the network will configure / schedule the first resource and the second resource to the receiving end. In this way, the receiving end can obtain the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, and then determine the number of subcarriers between the first resource and the second resource based on the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, and finally determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers.

[0272] Optionally, the subcarrier index of the second resource may be network configured.

[0273] For example, taking network configuration as an example, the transmitting end indicates the subcarrier index of the second resource to the receiving end by sending indication information, and the indication information can be carried by RRC signaling, MAC signaling, UE-specific signaling, DCI, etc.

[0274] Frequency shift between different frequency bands

[0275] The frequency shift between different frequency bands can be understood as that the frequency point of the first resource is different from the frequency point of the second resource, and the first frequency band where the first resource is located is different from the frequency band where the second resource is located.

[0276] For example, in an FDD system, the frequency of the first resource may be in a downlink frequency band in FR1, and the frequency of the second resource may be in an uplink frequency band in FR1. Table 1 shows the NR frequency band in FR1.

[0277] For example, the frequency point f±Δf of the second resource and the frequency point f of the first resource are located in different frequency bands.

[0278] For another example, in FDD, the first resource is in a downlink frequency band, and the second resource is in an uplink frequency band.

[0279] For the convenience of distinction and description, the frequency band where the second resource is located is referred to as a “second frequency band.” That is, the second resource may be located in the second frequency band.

[0280] Optionally, the second frequency band may be used for uplink and downlink communications and / or sidelink communications.

[0281] In this way, passive IoT can utilize spectrum resources in existing cellular networks used for uplink and downlink communications and / or sidelink communications for backscattering, i.e., in-band deployment.

[0282] Optionally, the second frequency band may include a guard band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a guard band for side link communications.

[0283] In this way, passive IoT can utilize the guard band resources in existing cellular networks for backscattering.

[0284] Optionally, the second frequency band may be a frequency band other than the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communications and / or sidelink communications, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a protection band for sidelink communications.

[0285] In this way, passive IoT can utilize independent spectrum resources for backscattering, i.e. out-of-band deployment.

[0286] In order to achieve frequency shift between different frequency bands, the first frequency shift amount can be implemented in a variety of ways to adapt to the communication needs of various scenarios and improve the flexibility of frequency shift during backscattering.

[0287] Table 1 NR frequency bands in FR1

[0288]

[0289]

[0290]

[0291] Method 1:

[0292] In "method 1", the first frequency shift amount may be determined based on the inter-band offset, the number of subcarriers, and the subcarrier spacing. The inter-band offset may be the offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band, the number of subcarriers may be the number of subcarriers in the spacing between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier in the second frequency band having the same subcarrier index as the subcarrier of the first resource, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

[0293] In this way, the present application can shift the first frequency band to the second frequency band based on the inter-band offset, and then perform subcarrier-level offset in the second frequency band based on the number of subcarriers, thereby achieving frequency shift between different frequency bands.

[0294] Optionally, the number of subcarriers and / or subcarrier spacing may be configured / indicated by the network.

[0295] For example, taking network configuration as an example, the sending end can determine that the receiving end needs to perform frequency shift based on the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, and the receiving end's equipment capabilities, and then indicate the number of subcarriers to the receiving end by sending indication information. The indication information can be carried by RRC signaling, MAC signaling, UE-specific signaling, DCI, etc.

[0296] Method 2:

[0297] In "Method 2", the first frequency shift amount may be an inter-band offset, plus the product of the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing. The inter-band offset may be an offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band, the number of subcarriers may be the number of subcarriers in the spacing between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier in the second frequency band having the same subcarrier index as the subcarrier of the first resource, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

[0298] In this way, the present application can shift the first frequency band to the second frequency band based on the inter-band offset, and then perform subcarrier-level offset in the second frequency band according to the product of the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing, thereby achieving frequency shift between different frequency bands.

[0299] Optionally, the number of subcarriers may be configured / indicated by the network.

[0300] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing may be configured / indicated by the network.

[0301] Optionally, the inter-frequency band offset may include an offset between uplink and downlink frequency bands. For example, in an FDD system, there is a fixed offset between uplink frequency bands.

[0302] For example, taking the inter-band offset Δf1, the number of subcarriers n2, and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first frequency shift Δf is the product of the inter-band offset Δf1 plus the number of subcarriers n2 and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, that is, Δf = n2*2 μ *15+Δf1. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2 can be:

[0303] or,

[0304] Taking the NR system as an example, the inter-band offset Δf1 is expressed as follows:

[0305] Δf1=f DL -f UL =f DL,PointA +DL carrier_offset -f UL,PointA +UL carrier_offset ;

[0306] Among them, f DL,PointA Indicates the frequency domain position of the downlink PointA (point A), DL carrier_offset Indicates that from f DL,PointA Offset to the downlink carrier, f UL,PointA Indicates the frequency domain position of the uplink PointA, UL carrier_offset Indicates that from f UL,PointA Offset to the uplink carrier.

[0307] 4) Example

[0308] In combination with the above content, several examples are given below to illustrate.

[0309] [Example 1]

[0310] ·Sender

[0311] The transmitting end selects a resource from the in-band resources of the existing cellular network, and sends a first signal on the selected resource.

[0312] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0313] Optionally, the selected resource is one or part of REs in one or more RBs.

[0314] Furthermore, the one or part of the REs are located in the middle of the RBs, which is helpful to reduce the filter requirements at the receiving end.

[0315] Optionally, the selected resource is close to a guard band among the in-band resources.

[0316] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0317] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0318] In addition, the transmitter may indicate the following based on the terminal device capabilities: offset related information.

[0319] Optionally, the offset related information includes offset type indication information and / or offset indication information.

[0320] The offset type indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering; and / or,

[0321] The offset indication information may be used to indicate the first frequency shift amount and / or the direction of the frequency shift, such as indicating the number of subcarriers, the offset between frequency bands, the subcarrier spacing, etc. For example, the y1 bit information in the Y bit information is used to indicate the direction of the frequency shift, and the y2 bit information is used to indicate the number of subcarriers, the offset between frequency bands, etc.

[0322] The offset type indication information may occupy X (X is a positive integer) bits, and the offset indication information may occupy Y (Y is a positive integer) bits.

[0323] Optionally, the X bits relate to the number of offset types.

[0324] For example, taking X bits as 2 bits, "00" can indicate that the receiving end performs frequency shift within the same frequency band when performing backscattering; "01" can indicate that the receiving end performs frequency shift between different frequency bands when performing backscattering; "10" can indicate direct backscattering.

[0325] Optionally, the Y bits occupied by the offset indication information are related to the offset type indicated by the offset type indication information.

[0326] For example, when the offset type indication information indicates that the receiving end performs frequency shift within the same frequency band when performing backscattering or frequency shifts between different frequency bands when performing backscattering, the value of Y is not 0. In other words, the transmitting end will indicate the offset indication information only when the offset type indication information indicates that the receiving end performs frequency shift within the same frequency band when performing backscattering or frequency shifts between different frequency bands when performing backscattering.

[0327] For another example, when the offset type indication information indicates direct backscattering, the transmitting end will not send the offset indication information.

[0328] For another example, when the offset type indication information indicates direct backscattering, the Y bits occupied by the offset indication information sent by the transmitting end are all 0s.

[0329] Receiver

[0330] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0331] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the existing cellular network and the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the passive Internet of Things (the resources of the passive Internet of Things may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network. For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources are now 30KHz subcarrier spacing, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things, and the subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacings.

[0332] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing amplitude modulation on the first signal, such as OOK / ASK reverse modulation. In this way, only the amplitude is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0333] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal at each frequency domain unit granularity according to the time domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The frequency domain unit granularity includes RE, RB, subcarrier, etc., and the time domain unit granularity includes time slot, micro time slot, symbol, sample, etc.

[0334] For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to the symbol on each subcarrier to obtain the second signal.

[0335] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0336]

[0337] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0338] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0339] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0340] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0341] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0342]

[0343] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π.

[0344] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0345]

[0346] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0347] [Example 2]

[0348] ·Sender

[0349] The transmitting end selects a resource from the in-band resources of the existing cellular network, and sends a first signal on the selected resource.

[0350] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0351] Optionally, the selected resources are all REs in one or more RBs.

[0352] Optionally, the selected resource is close to a guard band among the in-band resources.

[0353] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0354] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0355] In addition, the transmitter may indicate the following based on the terminal device capabilities: offset related information.

[0356] Optionally, the offset-related information includes offset type indication information and / or backscatter subcarrier indication information.

[0357] The offset type indication information is used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering;

[0358] The backscatter subcarrier indication information is used for the subcarrier where the signal is located during backscattering, and the relative position of the subcarrier is not changed during backscattering.

[0359] Among them, X bits of information means that there are X bits of information; Z bits of information means that there are Z bits of information.

[0360] Receiver

[0361] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0362] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the existing cellular network and the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the passive Internet of Things (the resources of the passive Internet of Things may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network.

[0363] For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources are now 30KHz subcarrier spacing, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things, and the subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacing. Optionally, modulating the first signal may include amplitude modulation of the first signal, such as OOK / ASK reverse modulation. In this way, only the amplitude is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0364] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal at each frequency domain unit granularity according to the time domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The frequency domain unit granularity includes RE, RB, subcarrier, etc., and the time domain unit granularity includes time slot, micro time slot, symbol, sampling, etc.

[0365] For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to the symbol on each subcarrier to obtain the second signal.

[0366] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0367]

[0368] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0369] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0370] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0371] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0372] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0373]

[0374] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π.

[0375] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0376]

[0377] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0378] [Example 3]

[0379] ·Sender

[0380] The transmitting end selects a resource from the in-band resources of the existing cellular network, and sends a first signal on the selected resource.

[0381] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0382] Optionally, the selected resources are all REs in one or more RBs.

[0383] Optionally, the selected resource is close to a guard band among the in-band resources.

[0384] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0385] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0386] In addition, the transmitter may indicate the following based on the terminal device capabilities: offset related information.

[0387] Optionally, the offset-related information includes offset type indication information and / or modulation indication information.

[0388] The offset type indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering;

[0389] The modulation indication information may be used to indicate whether to use symbol-level modulation / sample-level modulation / time-domain-level modulation during backscattering. Optionally, the m1-bit information in the M-bit information indicates the number of samples at the sample level.

[0390] ●Receiver

[0391] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0392] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the existing cellular network and the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the passive Internet of Things (the resources of the passive Internet of Things may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network.

[0393] For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources are now 30KHz subcarrier spacing, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things, and the subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacing. Optionally, modulating the first signal may include amplitude modulating the first signal.

[0394] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity to obtain a second signal. In this case, the second signal may be regarded as a time domain signal. The time domain unit granularity includes a time slot, a micro-time slot, a symbol, and a sample.

[0395] For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to symbols to obtain the second signal.

[0396] Taking the first signal S1(i) and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the sign. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0397]

[0398] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0399] or, Taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the sign. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0400] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0401] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0402] Taking the first signal S1(i) and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0403]

[0404] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π 。

[0405] Taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0406]

[0407] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0408] [Example 4]

[0409] ●Sender

[0410] The transmitting end selects a resource in a guard band or out-of-band resources of an existing cellular network, and sends a first signal on the selected resource.

[0411] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0412] Optionally, the selected resource is one or part of REs in one or more RBs.

[0413] Furthermore, the one or part of the REs are located in the middle of the RBs, which is helpful to reduce the filter requirements at the receiving end.

[0414] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0415] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0416] In addition, the transmitter may indicate the following based on the terminal device capabilities: offset related information.

[0417] Optionally, the offset related information includes offset type indication information and / or offset indication information.

[0418] The offset type indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering;

[0419] The offset indication information may be used to indicate the first frequency shift amount, such as indicating the number of subcarriers, the offset between frequency bands, the subcarrier spacing, etc. Optionally, the y1 bit information in the Y bit information is used to indicate the direction of the frequency shift, and the y2 bit information is used to indicate the number of subcarriers, the offset between frequency bands, etc.

[0420] ●Receiver

[0421] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0422] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the existing cellular network and the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the passive Internet of Things (the resources of the passive Internet of Things may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network.

[0423] For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources are now 30KHz subcarrier spacing, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things, and the subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacing. Optionally, modulating the first signal may include amplitude modulation of the first signal, such as OOK / ASK reverse modulation. In this way, only the amplitude is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0424] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal at each frequency domain unit granularity according to the time domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The frequency domain unit granularity includes RE, RB, subcarrier, etc., and the time domain unit granularity includes time slot, micro time slot, symbol, sample, etc.

[0425] For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to the symbol on each subcarrier to obtain the second signal.

[0426] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0427]

[0428] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0429] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0430] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0431] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0432] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0433]

[0434] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π.

[0435] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0436]

[0437] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0438] [Example 5]

[0439] ●Sender

[0440] The transmitting end selects a resource in a guard band or out-of-band resources of an existing cellular network, and sends a first signal on the selected resource.

[0441] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0442] Optionally, the selected resources are all REs in one or more RBs.

[0443] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0444] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0445] In addition, the transmitter may indicate the following based on the terminal device capabilities: offset related information.

[0446] Optionally, the offset-related information includes offset type indication information and / or backscatter subcarrier indication information.

[0447] The offset type indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering;

[0448] The backscatter subcarrier indication information may be used for the subcarrier where the signal is located during backscattering, and the relative position of the subcarrier is not changed during backscattering.

[0449] ●Receiver

[0450] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0451] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the existing cellular network and the subcarrier spacing of the resources of the passive Internet of Things (the resources of the passive Internet of Things may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network.

[0452] For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources are now 30KHz subcarrier spacing, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things, and the subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacing. Optionally, modulating the first signal may include amplitude modulation of the first signal, such as OOK / ASK reverse modulation. In this way, only the amplitude is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0453] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity to obtain the second signal. In this case, the second signal can be regarded as a time domain signal. The frequency domain unit granularity includes RE, RB, subcarrier, etc., and the time domain unit granularity includes time slot, micro time slot, symbol, sampling, etc. For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to the symbol at each subcarrier to obtain the second signal.

[0454] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz, and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0455]

[0456] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0457] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0458] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0459] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0460] Taking the first signal S1(i), the number of subcarriers n2, and the subcarrier spacing of 15KHz as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0461]

[0462] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π.

[0463] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the symbol on each subcarrier. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0464]

[0465] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0466] [Example 6]

[0467] ●Sender

[0468] The transmitting end selects a resource from the out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network or from the out-of-band resources, and transmits the first signal on the selected resource.

[0469] Optionally, the first signal is a continuous waveform or a time domain waveform.

[0470] Optionally, the selected resources are all REs in one or more RBs.

[0471] Optionally, the first signal is modulated using all-1s on the selected resources.

[0472] Furthermore, resources other than the selected resources are filled with 0. For example, if the selected resources are part of the REs in an RB, the remaining REs in the RB are filled with 0.

[0473] In addition, the sender can make the following instructions based on the terminal device capabilities:

[0474] Offset related information.

[0475] Optionally, the offset-related information includes offset type indication information and / or modulation indication information.

[0476] The offset type indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: frequency shift within the same frequency band when the receiving end performs backscattering, frequency shift between different frequency bands when the receiving end performs backscattering, and direct backscattering;

[0477] The modulation indication information may be symbol-level modulation / sample-level modulation / time-domain-level modulation during backscattering. Optionally, the m1-bit information in the M-bit information indicates the number of samples at the sample level.

[0478] ●Receiver

[0479] The receiving end modulates the first signal according to the instruction of the sending end to obtain the second signal, and then sends the second signal.

[0480] Optionally, the subcarrier spacing of existing cellular network resources and the subcarrier spacing of passive Internet of Things resources (the passive Internet of Things resources may include resources for carrying the first signal and / or resources for carrying the second signal) may be the same or different. The specific instructions may be given by the network.

[0481] For example, the cellular network (such as NR) resources now have a subcarrier spacing of 30KHz, and an RB is allocated in the cellular network resources for use by the passive Internet of Things. The subcarrier spacing in the RB may not be 30KHz but other subcarrier spacings.

[0482] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include amplitude modulating the first signal.

[0483] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity to obtain a second signal. In this case, the second signal may be regarded as a time domain signal. The time domain unit granularity includes a time slot, a micro-time slot, a symbol, and a sample.

[0484] For example, the receiving end may modulate the first signal according to symbols to obtain the second signal.

[0485] Taking the first signal S1(i) and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the sign. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0486]

[0487] Wherein, j = 1, 2. i corresponds to the index of the symbol, the corresponding amplitude under high load is A1, and the corresponding amplitude under low load is A2.

[0488] Alternatively, taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is amplitude modulated according to the sign. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0489] S2(i)=A j S1(i).

[0490] Optionally, modulating the first signal may include performing phase modulation on the first signal, such as PSK reverse modulation. In this way, only the phase is changed, and the first signal and the second signal can still be orthogonal.

[0491] Taking the first signal S1(i) and the inter-band offset Δf1 as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0492]

[0493] in, N1 depends on the number of phase modulations. If two phases are used, N1 is 2, where the phase can be 0, π; if four phases are used, N1 is 4, where the phase can be 0, π.

[0494] Taking the first signal S1(i) as an example, the first signal S1(i) is phase modulated according to the symbol. At this time, the expression of the second signal S2(i) is:

[0495] Optionally, the frequency point where the second signal is located is within the in-band resources, protection band or out-of-band resources of the existing cellular network.

[0496] [Example 7]

[0497] The generation of the first signal can be the same as in Embodiment 1-6. However, if there are guard bands on both sides of a certain frequency band, such as in Figure 4 In the embodiment, there are guard bands above and below RB, then when the first signal is modulated, it can be modulated onto one of the guard bands or onto the other guard band.

[0498] If the first signal is generated using embodiment 1 / 2 / 4 / 5, the first signal may be modulated onto a protection band in the opposite direction to the first signal, and the same direction may be given to the receiving end, Device A / B, for use.

[0499] If the first signal is generated using embodiment 3 / 6, the first signal may be modulated to the protection bands on both sides of FDDUL, that is, similar to using FSK modulation, thereby improving performance.

[0500] 3. An example of a backscattering method

[0501] 1) Description

[0502] In combination with the above content, the following takes the interaction between the transmitting end and the receiving end as an example to introduce an example of a backscattering method of an embodiment of the present application.

[0503] like Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a backscattering method according to an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0504] S510: The transmitting end sends a first signal.

[0505] Correspondingly, the receiving end receives the first signal.

[0506] S520. The receiving end modulates the first signal to obtain a second signal, where the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to the third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a side link signal. The first message is used to request access to the network, and the first message indicates the device capabilities of the terminal device.

[0507] S530: The receiving end sends a second signal.

[0508] Correspondingly, the transmitting end receives the second signal.

[0509] It should be noted that, for details about the “first signal”, “second signal”, “third signal”, “modulating the first signal”, etc., please refer to the above contents and will not be repeated here.

[0510] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0511] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0512] Optionally, modulating the first signal includes:

[0513] The first signal is amplitude modulated and / or phase modulated.

[0514] In this way, through amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation, the amplitude used to amplitude modulate the first signal and / or the phase used to phase modulate the first signal correspond to the information generated by the receiving end, thereby modulating the information onto the first signal. At the same time, since amplitude modulation and / or phase modulation does not change the orthogonality of the signal, it is conducive to multiplexing the existing cellular network deployment.

[0515] Optionally, modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity.

[0516] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity. In this way, this modulation method can increase the number of parallel resources and simultaneously connected receiving ends under large connections.

[0517] Optionally, modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity to obtain a second signal.

[0518] It can be seen that when the receiving end modulates the first signal, it can modulate the first signal according to the granularity of the time domain unit, so as to achieve modulation at the time domain level.

[0519] Optionally, receiving a first signal includes:

[0520] A first signal is received on a first resource, where the first signal is modulated by first information, where the first information is known information or predefined information.

[0521] In this way, the first signal can be regarded as a signal of known modulation through known information or predefined information, which is easy to decode in the subsequent

[0522] Optionally, the first signal is modulated by first information, including:

[0523] The first signal is modulated using all-1 information.

[0524] In this way, the present application can generate the first signal in a simple modulation manner through all-1 information, so that the first signal can be regarded as a simple modulated signal and is easy to demodulate subsequently.

[0525] Optionally, sending a second signal includes:

[0526] sending a second signal at a second resource;

[0527] The frequency of the second resource is the same as the frequency of the first resource; or, the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by a first frequency shift amount.

[0528] In this way, when the frequency of the first resource is the same as the frequency of the second resource, this means that frequency shift is not required when backscattering, but backscattering is performed directly. When the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by the first frequency shift amount, this means that frequency shift is required when backscattering, and the frequency of the first resource is different from the frequency of the second resource.

[0529] Optionally, the second resource and the first resource are located in the same frequency band.

[0530] In this way, the present application can achieve frequency shift within the same frequency band.

[0531] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing between the first resource and the second resource.

[0532] In this way, since the subcarrier is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing to achieve subcarrier-level frequency shift.

[0533] Optionally, the first resource is located in a first frequency band, and the second resource is located in a second frequency band.

[0534] In this way, the present application can achieve frequency shift between different frequency bands.

[0535] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on an inter-band offset, a number of subcarriers, and a subcarrier spacing;

[0536] The inter-band offset is the offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band;

[0537] The number of subcarriers is the number of subcarriers spaced between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier in the second frequency band having the same subcarrier index as the first resource, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

[0538] In this way, the present application can shift the first frequency band to the second frequency band based on the inter-frequency band offset, and then perform a subcarrier-level offset in the second frequency band based on the number of subcarriers, thereby achieving frequency shift between different frequency bands. Optionally, the above method also includes:

[0539] First indication information is received, where the first indication information indicates the number of subcarriers.

[0540] In this way, the present application can implement network indication of the number of subcarriers according to the first indication information.

[0541] Optionally, the first frequency shift amount is determined based on a subcarrier index of the first resource and a subcarrier index of the second resource.

[0542] In this way, since the receiving end can obtain the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, the receiving end can determine the number of subcarriers between the first resource and the second resource based on the subcarrier index of the first resource and the subcarrier index of the second resource, and finally determine the first frequency shift amount according to the number of subcarriers.

[0543] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0544] Second indication information is received, where the second indication information indicates a subcarrier index of a second resource.

[0545] In this way, the present application can implement the network indicating the subcarrier index of the second resource according to the second indication information.

[0546] Optionally, the subcarrier index of the first resource may be configured by the network, predefined, determined by the receiving end according to a certain strategy / rule, etc., and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0547] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0548] Based on the first frequency shift amount, a second signal is generated.

[0549] In this way, the present application requires frequency shifting when generating the second signal during backscattering.

[0550] Optionally, the first resource is located in a first frequency band;

[0551] Among them, the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication; or, the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication; or, the first frequency band is a frequency band other than the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication.

[0552] In this way, if the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communications and / or side link communications, the passive Internet of Things can utilize the spectrum resources used for uplink and downlink communications and / or side link communications in the existing cellular network for network deployment, that is, in-band deployment.

[0553] If the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communications and / or a protection band for side link communications, the passive Internet of Things can utilize the protection band resources in the existing cellular network for network deployment, namely, protection band deployment.

[0554] If the first frequency band is a frequency band other than the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, the passive Internet of Things can utilize independent spectrum resources for network deployment, namely, out-of-band deployment.

[0555] Optionally, the first resource includes at least one resource element in an available resource block for the Internet of Things service located in the first frequency band.

[0556] It can be seen that when the first resource includes at least one RE, since RE is a subcarrier in the frequency domain, and subcarrier / RE is the frequency domain unit with the smallest granularity, the present application can carry the first signal through subcarrier-level / RE-level resources to save resource overhead. At this time, the first signal can be regarded as a subcarrier-level / RE-level signal. In this way, the complexity of the receiving end can be reduced (such as reducing the filter requirements of the receiving end), and the parallel resources can be increased as well as the number of receiving ends simultaneously accessed under large connections.

[0557] Optionally, the first resource includes at least one resource element located in the middle of an available resource block in the first frequency band; or,

[0558] If the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or sidelink communication, the first resource includes at least one resource element located in an available resource block of the first frequency band and close to a guard band, and the guard band is a guard band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a guard band for sidelink communication; or,

[0559] The first resources include all resource elements located in available resource blocks in the first frequency band.

[0560] In this way, the present application can flexibly determine the first resource for carrying the first signal from the available resource blocks of the first frequency band according to the current network configuration environment, network resource usage, device capabilities of the receiving end, etc., so as to improve the flexibility of passive Internet of Things to reuse the existing cellular network deployment.

[0561] Optionally, resource elements other than at least one resource element in the available resource block of the first frequency band are filled with 0 information.

[0562] It can be seen that the present application can use some REs in the available RBs to carry the first signal modulated by the first information, and fill the remaining REs with 0 information so that no signal is sent on other REs.

[0563] 3. Example of a backscattering device

[0564] The above mainly introduces the scheme of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the method side. It is understandable that in order to realize the above functions, the receiving end includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in this article, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0565] The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional units of the receiving end according to the above method example. For example, each functional unit can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module. It should be noted that the division of the units in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, which is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0566] In the case of an integrated unit, Figure 6 6 is a block diagram of the functional units of a backscatter device according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the backscatter device 600 includes a receiving unit 601 , a modulating unit 602 and a transmitting unit 603 .

[0567] Optionally, the receiving unit 601 may be a module unit for receiving signals, data, information, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0568] Optionally, the modulation unit 602 may be a module unit for modulating signals, data, information, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0569] Optionally, the sending unit 603 may be a module unit for sending signals, data, information, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0570] Optionally, the backscatter device 600 may further include a storage unit for storing computer program codes or instructions executed by the backscatter device 600. The storage unit may be a memory.

[0571] Optionally, the backscatter device 600 may be a chip or a chip module.

[0572] Optionally, the receiving unit 601, the modulating unit 602 and the sending unit 603 may be integrated into the same unit or may be integrated into different units.

[0573] For example, the receiving unit 601 and the sending unit 603 may be integrated into a communication unit, and the modulation unit 602 may be integrated into a processing unit.

[0574] For another example, the receiving unit 601, the modulating unit 602 and the sending unit 603 may be integrated into a communication unit or into a processing unit.

[0575] It should be noted that the communication unit may be a communication interface, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, etc.

[0576] The processing unit may be a processor or a controller, for example, a baseband processor, a baseband chip, a central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processing unit may also be a combination that implements a computing function, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0577] Optionally, the backscatter device 600 is used to execute any step executed by the receiving end / chip / chip module / terminal device, etc. in the above method embodiment.

[0578] In specific implementation, the receiving unit 601, the modulating unit 602 and the sending unit 603 are used to perform the steps in the above method embodiment, and when performing actions such as sending, other units can be selectively called to complete corresponding operations.

[0579] The receiving unit 601 is configured to receive a first signal;

[0580] The modulation unit 602 is used to modulate the first signal to obtain a second signal, where the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to the third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal;

[0581] The sending unit 603 is configured to send a second signal.

[0582] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0583] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0584] It should be noted that Figure 6 The specific implementation of each operation in the embodiment can be found in the description of the method embodiment shown above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0585] 4. Example of another backscattering device

[0586] The above mainly introduces the scheme of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the method side. It is understandable that in order to realize the above functions, the sending end includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in this document, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0587] The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional units of the transmitting end according to the above method example. For example, each functional unit can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module. It should be noted that the division of the units in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, which is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0588] In the case of an integrated unit, Figure 7 7 is a block diagram of functional units of another backscatter device according to an embodiment of the present application. The backscatter device 700 includes a sending unit 701 and a receiving unit 702 .

[0589] Optionally, the sending unit 701 may be a module unit for sending signals, data, information, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0590] Optionally, the receiving unit 702 may be a module unit for receiving signals, data, information, etc., and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0591] Optionally, the backscatter device 700 may further include a storage unit for storing computer program codes or instructions executed by the backscatter device 700. The storage unit may be a memory.

[0592] Optionally, the backscatter device 700 may be a chip or a chip module.

[0593] Optionally, the sending unit 701 and the receiving unit 702 may be integrated into the same unit or into different units.

[0594] For example, the sending unit 701 and the receiving unit 702 may be integrated into a communication unit or into a processing unit.

[0595] It should be noted that the communication unit may be a communication interface, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, etc.

[0596] The processing unit may be a processor or a controller, for example, a baseband processor, a baseband chip, a central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processing unit may also be a combination that implements a computing function, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0597] In some possible implementations, the backscatter device 700 is used to execute any step performed by the transmitting end / chip / chip module / network device / terminal device, etc. in the above method embodiments.

[0598] In specific implementation, the sending unit 701 and the receiving unit 702 are used to execute any step in the above method embodiment, and when executing actions such as sending, other units can be selectively called to complete corresponding operations.

[0599] The sending unit 701 is configured to send a first signal;

[0600] The receiving unit 702 is used to receive a second signal, where the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to the third signal, and the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a side link signal.

[0601] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0602] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0603] It should be noted that Figure 7 The specific implementation of each operation in the embodiment can be found in the description of the method embodiment shown above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0604] 5. Example of a terminal device

[0605] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 800 may include a processor 810, a memory 820, and a communication bus for connecting the processor 810 and the memory 820.

[0606] In some possible implementations, the memory 820 includes but is not limited to random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or portable read-only memory (CD-ROM), and the memory 820 is used to store the program code executed by the terminal device 800 and the transmitted data.

[0607] In some possible implementations, the terminal device 800 also includes a communication interface, which is used to receive and send data.

[0608] In some possible implementations, the processor 810 may be one or more CPUs. When the processor 810 is a CPU, the CPU may be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0609] In some possible implementations, the processor 810 may be a baseband chip, a chip, a CPU, a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component or any combination thereof.

[0610] In a specific implementation, the processor 810 in the terminal device 800 is used to execute the computer program or instruction 821 stored in the memory 820 to perform the following operations:

[0611] receiving a first signal;

[0612] modulating the first signal to obtain a second signal, where the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal;

[0613] Send a second signal.

[0614] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0615] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0616] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation can adopt the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown above, and the terminal device 800 can be used to execute the above method embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0617] 6. Example of another terminal device

[0618] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The terminal device 900 may include a processor 910 , a memory 920 , and a communication bus for connecting the processor 910 and the memory 920 .

[0619] In some possible implementations, the memory 920 includes but is not limited to random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or portable read-only memory (CD-ROM), and the memory 920 is used to store the program code executed by the terminal device 900 and the transmitted data.

[0620] In some possible implementations, the terminal device 900 also includes a communication interface, which is used to receive and send data.

[0621] In some possible implementations, the processor 910 may be one or more CPUs. When the processor 910 is a CPU, the CPU may be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0622] In some possible implementations, the processor 910 may be a baseband chip, a chip, a CPU, a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component or any combination thereof.

[0623] In a specific implementation, the processor 910 in the terminal device 900 is used to execute the computer program or instruction 921 stored in the memory 920 to perform the following operations:

[0624] sending a first signal;

[0625] A second signal is received, where the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal.

[0626] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0627] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0628] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation can adopt the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown above, and the terminal device 900 can be used to execute the above method embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0629] VII. Example of a network device

[0630] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10 1 is a schematic diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the network device 1000 includes a processor 1010 , a memory 1020 , and a communication bus for connecting the processor 1010 and the memory 1020 .

[0631] In some possible implementations, the memory 1020 includes but is not limited to RAM, ROM, EPROM or CD-ROM, and the memory 1020 is used to store relevant instructions and data.

[0632] In some possible implementations, the network device 1000 further includes a communication interface for receiving and sending data.

[0633] In some possible implementations, the processor 1010 may be one or more CPUs. When the processor 1010 is a CPU, the CPU may be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0634] In some possible implementations, the processor 1010 may be a baseband chip, a chip, a CPU, a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component or any combination thereof.

[0635] In some possible implementations, the processor 1010 in the network device 1000 is used to execute a computer program or instruction 1021 stored in the memory 1020 to perform the following operations:

[0636] Sending a first signal;

[0637] A second signal is received, where the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal.

[0638] It can be seen that in a passive Internet of Things, in order to achieve communication without independently generating radio frequency signals, the present application may consider modulating its own information onto the received first signal to obtain a second signal, and then sending the second signal to achieve backscattering, so as to save its own energy consumption through backscattering.

[0639] At the same time, in order to combine the existing cellular network and the passive Internet of Things to build a new passive Internet of Things so as to expand the application scenarios of the passive Internet of Things, the present application may also consider orthogonalizing the second signal and the third signal to achieve the passive Internet of Things reuse of the existing cellular network deployment, save the overhead of separately deploying the passive Internet of Things, and reduce the complexity of the receiving end.

[0640] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation can adopt the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown above, and the network device 1000 can be used to execute the above method embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0641] 8. Other related examples

[0642] In some possible implementations, the above method embodiments may be applied to or in a terminal device. That is, the execution subject of the above method embodiments may be a terminal device, a chip, a chip module or a module, etc., and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0643] In some possible implementations, the above method embodiments may be applied to or in network devices. That is, the execution subject of the above method embodiments may be a network device, a chip, a chip module or a module, etc., and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0644] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps described in the above method embodiment.

[0645] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip module, including a transceiver component and a chip, the chip including a processor, a memory and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps described in the above method embodiment.

[0646] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions, which implements the steps described in the above method embodiment when executed.

[0647] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which implement the steps described in the above method embodiment when executed.

[0648] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including the above-mentioned terminal device and the above-mentioned network device.

[0649] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned various embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. Those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because some steps in the embodiments of the present application can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions, steps, modules or units involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present application.

[0650] In the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application have different focuses on the description of each embodiment. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0651] The steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or by executing software instructions by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM), registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, read-only compact disks (CD-ROMs) or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a terminal device or a management device. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also be present in a terminal device or a management device as discrete components.

[0652] Those skilled in the art should be aware that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiments of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0653] The modules / units included in the devices and products described in the above embodiments may be software modules / units or hardware modules / units, or may be partially software modules / units and partially hardware modules / units. For example, for the devices and products applied to or integrated in the chip, the modules / units included therein may all be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits, or at least some of the modules / units may be implemented in the form of software programs, which run on the processor integrated inside the chip, and the remaining (if any) modules / units may be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits; for the devices and products applied to or integrated in the chip module, the modules / units included therein may all be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits, and different modules / units may be located in the same component (such as a chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components of the chip module, or at least some of the modules / units may be implemented in the form of software programs. The software programs run on the processor integrated inside the chip, and the remaining (if any) modules / units may be implemented in the form of hardware such as circuits. It is implemented in the form of a software program, which runs on a processor integrated inside the chip module, and the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented in hardware such as circuits; for various devices and products applied to or integrated in the terminal equipment, the various modules / units contained therein can be implemented in hardware such as circuits, and different modules / units can be located in the same component (for example, chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components in the terminal equipment, or, at least some modules / units can be implemented in the form of a software program, which runs on a processor integrated inside the terminal equipment, and the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented in hardware such as circuits.

[0654] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation method of the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A backscattering method, characterized in that: include: receiving a first signal; modulating the first signal to obtain a second signal, where the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and an interactive signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal; The second signal is sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulating the first signal comprises: The first signal is amplitude modulated and / or phase modulated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to the time domain unit granularity at each frequency domain unit granularity.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulating the first signal includes: modulating the first signal according to a time domain unit granularity to obtain a second signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The receiving a first signal comprises: The first signal is received on a first resource, where the first signal is modulated by first information, and the first information is known information or predefined information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first signal is modulated by first information, including: The first signal is modulated using all-1 information.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The sending of the second signal comprises: sending the second signal on a second resource; The frequency of the second resource is the same as the frequency of the first resource; or the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by a first frequency shift.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The second resource and the first resource are located in the same frequency band.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on the number of subcarriers and the subcarrier spacing between the first resource and the second resource.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The first resource is located in a first frequency band, and the second resource is located in a second frequency band.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on an inter-band offset, a number of subcarriers, and a subcarrier spacing; The inter-frequency band offset is an offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band; The number of subcarriers is the number of subcarriers spaced between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier having the same subcarrier index as the first resource in the second frequency band, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

12. The method according to claim 9 or 11, characterized in that: The method further comprises: First indication information is received, where the first indication information indicates the number of subcarriers.

13. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on a subcarrier index of the first resource and a subcarrier index of the second resource.

14. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: Second indication information is received, where the second indication information indicates a subcarrier index of the second resource.

15. The method according to any one of claims 7, 9, 11 or 13, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on the first frequency shift amount, the second signal is generated.

16. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first resource is located in a first frequency band; The first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication; or, the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication; or, the first frequency band is a frequency band other than a third frequency band and a fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The first resource includes at least one resource element in an available resource block for the Internet of Things service located in the first frequency band.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The first resource includes at least one resource element located in the middle of the available resource block in the first frequency band; or, If the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or sidelink communication, the first resource includes at least one resource element close to a guard band in the available resource block of the first frequency band, and the guard band is a guard band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a guard band for sidelink communication; or, The first resources include all resource elements in the available resource blocks in the first frequency band.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that The resource elements other than the at least one resource element in the available resource block of the first frequency band are filled with zero information.

20. A backscattering method, characterized in that: include: sending a first signal; Receive a second signal, where the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, where the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The sending of the first signal comprises: The first signal is sent on a first resource, where the first signal is modulated by first information, and the first information is known information or predefined information.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The first signal is modulated by first information, including: The first signal is modulated using all-1 information.

23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The receiving of the second signal comprises: receiving the second signal at a second resource; The frequency of the second resource is the same as the frequency of the first resource; or the frequency of the second resource is separated from the frequency of the first resource by a first frequency shift.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The second resource and the first resource are located in the same frequency band.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on the number of subcarriers spaced between the first resource and the second resource.

26. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The first resource is located in a first frequency band, and the second resource is located in a second frequency band.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on the inter-band offset and the number of subcarriers; The inter-frequency band offset is an offset between the second frequency band and the first frequency band; The number of subcarriers is the number of subcarriers spaced between the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, the first subcarrier is a subcarrier having the same subcarrier index as the first resource in the second frequency band, and the second subcarrier is a subcarrier of the second resource.

28. The method according to claim 25 or 27, characterized in that The method further comprises: First indication information is sent, where the indication information indicates the number of subcarriers.

29. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The first frequency shift amount is determined based on a subcarrier index of the first resource and a subcarrier index of the second resource.

30. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The method further comprises: Second indication information is sent, where the second indication information indicates a subcarrier index of the second resource.

31. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The first resource is located in a first frequency band; The first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication; or, the first frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication; or, the first frequency band is a frequency band other than a third frequency band and a fourth frequency band, the third frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or side link communication, and the fourth frequency band includes a protection band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a protection band for side link communication.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The first resource includes at least one resource element in a resource block available for Internet of Things services in the first frequency band.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the first resource comprises a resource element located in a middle position in the available resource block of the first frequency band; or If the first frequency band is used for uplink and downlink communication and / or sidelink communication, the first resource includes resource elements close to a guard band in the available resource block of the first frequency band, and the guard band is a guard band for uplink and downlink communication and / or a guard band for sidelink communication; or, The first resources include all resource elements in the available resource blocks in the first frequency band.

34. The method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that Resource elements other than the at least one resource element in the available resource block of the first frequency band carry signals modulated using all-0s.

35. A backscattering device, characterized in that: include: A receiving unit, configured to receive a first signal; a modulation unit, configured to modulate the first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the second signal includes at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interaction information, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, and the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a sidelink signal; A sending unit is used to send the second signal.

36. A backscattering device, characterized in that: include: A sending unit, configured to send a first signal; A receiving unit is used to receive a second signal, wherein the second signal is a signal that modulates at least one of data information, control information, access information, and interactive information onto the first signal, and the second signal is orthogonal to a third signal, and the third signal includes at least one of an uplink signal, a downlink signal, and a side link signal.

37. A terminal device, comprising optionally a processor, a memory and a computer program or instruction stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-19 or 20-34.

38. A network device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program or instruction stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 20-34.

39. A chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, characterized in that: The processor performs the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-19, 20-34.

40. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer stores a computer program or an instruction, which, when executed, implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-19, 20-34.

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