Process for extracting carbon element from hair and then obtaining methane and methane purification system
By extracting carbon from hair and processing through multiple steps, high-purity methane is finally obtained from human hair stably, which solves the problem of high cost of methane gas in the prior art, and realizes the economicality and industrial applicability of the process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311114478.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the method of synthesizing single crystal diamond using methane gas as a carbon source is expensive, and it is difficult to effectively utilize the high content of carbon in human hair.
By extracting carbon from the hair, it is processed through a series of processes, including primary calcination, calcination, ball milling, pickling separation and high temperature and high pressure catalysis, and finally obtaining high purity methane.
It realizes the stable extraction of high-purity methane from human hair, reduces production costs, and is perfect and reliable in process steps, which is suitable for industrial applications.
Smart Images
Figure CN119528664A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of methane extraction, and in particular to a process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain methane and a methane purification system. Background Art
[0002] Diamond is a polished diamond that combines a strong refractive index, high hardness, and high dispersion value. It is beautiful and rare. With the development of current science and technology, diamond can also be cultivated using technology. Cultivated diamond is a synthetic diamond cultivated in a laboratory to simulate the natural formation environment of natural diamond. It is mainly synthesized by HTHP (high temperature and high pressure) and CVD (chemical vapor deposition), also known as grown diamond. Among them, the CVD method using an MPCVD device is currently the most widely used method for preparing single crystal diamonds at home and abroad. At present, the carbon source for synthesizing single crystal diamonds using the MPCVD method is methane gas, which is expensive. Human hair is mainly composed of keratin. Compared with other biological materials, the carbon content in human hair is relatively high, reaching 45.2%. Therefore, carbon can be extracted from hair to form methane, and then diamond can be formed through methane processing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a process for extracting carbon from hair and then obtaining methane and a methane purification system. After searching, no technical solution identical to the present invention was found. Summary of the invention
[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a process for extracting carbon from hair and then obtaining methane and a methane purification system, so as to solve one or more of the above-mentioned prior art problems.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a process for extracting carbon from hair and then obtaining high-purity methane, the innovation of which is: comprising the following steps:
[0005] 1) washing and drying the hair and placing it in an alumina container, then placing the alumina container in an atmosphere sintering furnace for calcining and continuously introducing fresh air to obtain a primary calcined product of organic biochar;
[0006] 2) placing the initially fired organic biochar in an alumina ceramic container and placing it in a vacuum tube furnace for firing to obtain a biomass carbon body;
[0007] 3) After ball-milling the biomass carbon body, adding a solvent, fully stirring and drying, and ball-milling again to obtain biochar powder;
[0008] 4) Pressing the biochar powder into blocks, calcining it again in a high-temperature tubular vacuum furnace, adding a metal catalyst, and then placing it in a vacuum furnace, and heating and pressurizing the vacuum furnace to obtain flaky graphite;
[0009] 5) The flaky graphite is separated by acid washing and heated distillation until no bubbles are generated, and filtered to obtain a highly graphitized carbon body;
[0010] 6) crushing the highly graphitized carbon body and then acid-washing it again until no bubbles are generated, filtering out the acid solution and repeatedly washing it with clean water, and finally filtering out the water to obtain a graphitized carbon body;
[0011] 7) Put the obtained graphitized carbon body into a steel cylinder, inject nitrogen into the steel cylinder, gradually exhaust the original air in the steel cylinder, maintain the pressure in the steel cylinder between 0.5-3MPa, maintain the temperature at 28-30°C, and then introduce hydrogen, and the hydrogen reacts with the carbon body to obtain a mixed gas of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons;
[0012] 8) Purify the mixed gas to obtain high-purity methane.
[0013] In some embodiments, in step 1), the hair is first soaked in cold water for 28-33 minutes, then taken out of the cold water, placed in warm water and stirred, coarse salt is added to the warm water, stirred for 8-12 minutes, taken out, placed in cold water and stirred for 5 minutes, taken out, and placed in a cool environment to dry naturally.
[0014] In some embodiments, the temperature of the cold water is 16-22°C, and the temperature of the warm water is 36-42°C.
[0015] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of coarse salt to warm water is 1:1000.
[0016] In some embodiments, the frequency of stirring in the warm water is 10-12 r / min, and the frequency of stirring in the cold water is 6-8 r / min.
[0017] In some embodiments, the calcination temperature in step 1) is 350-370° C., the heating rate is 2-6° C. / min, and the calcination time is 2-5 h.
[0018] In some embodiments, the calcination conditions in step 2) are negative pressure 0.08-0.1 MPa, temperature 1300-1400° C., heating rate 2-5.5° C. / min, and time 2-5 h.
[0019] In some embodiments, the ball milling in step 3) is performed by ball milling at a speed of 800-2000 r / min and a time of 0.5-2 h.
[0020] In some embodiments, in step 4), the vacuum furnace is heated and pressurized again, and the conditions are positive pressure 0.11-0.15 MPa, temperature 800-1000° C., heating rate 3-6.5° C. / min, and time 30 min.
[0021] A methane gas purification system, comprising
[0022] Cylinders that produce a gas mixture of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons;
[0023] A vacuum pump; the interface of the vacuum pump is connected to the steel cylinder through a first branch pipeline, a first solenoid valve is provided on the first branch pipeline near the steel cylinder, a third solenoid valve is provided near the vacuum pump, an exhaust pipeline is connected to the air outlet of the vacuum pump, and an eighth solenoid valve is provided on the exhaust pipeline;
[0024] A freeze dryer; the inlet of the freeze dryer is connected to a second branch pipeline, the outlet is connected to a third branch pipeline, the end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the first branch pipeline, the connection point is located between the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, the third branch pipeline is connected to a vacuum pump, the second branch pipeline is provided with a fourth solenoid valve, and the third branch pipeline is provided with a fifth solenoid valve;
[0025] A collecting tank; the inlet of the collecting tank is connected to a fourth branch pipeline, the fourth branch pipeline is connected to the end of the fifth solenoid valve, and a seventh solenoid valve is also provided on the fourth branch pipeline;
[0026] The fourth branch pipeline is located between the seventh solenoid valve and the collection tank or the fifth branch pipeline. The fifth branch pipeline is provided with a sixth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the end of the third solenoid valve, the vacuum pump and the inlet of the eighth solenoid valve; a sixth branch pipeline is also provided between the end of the fifth solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the sixth branch pipeline; a pressure relief pipeline is also provided between the first solenoid valve and the steel tank, and a ninth solenoid valve is provided on the pressure relief pipeline.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the technical solution can extract high-purity methane from human hair, which can be used in the growth of life diamonds. The technical solution finally determines various parameters in the process through continuous exploration of experiments and tests, and can stably obtain a mixed gas with a high methane content. The methane gas purification system in the technical solution can purify efficiently and stably, and finally obtain high-purity methane. The process steps of the technical solution are complete and reliable, and are fully suitable for industrialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:
[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a methane gas purification system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention includes:
[0032] A process for extracting carbon from hair and obtaining high-purity methane comprises the following steps:
[0033] After washing and drying the hair, put it into an alumina container, then place the alumina container in an atmosphere sintering furnace for roasting and continuously supplying fresh air to obtain a primary fired product of organic biochar; in this embodiment, in step 1, the hair is first soaked in cold water for 28-33 minutes, then taken out of the cold water, placed in warm water for stirring, crude salt is added to the warm water, stirred for 8-12 minutes, taken out, placed in cold water for stirring for 5 minutes, taken out, and placed in a cool environment for natural drying; the temperature of the cold water is 16-22°C, and the temperature of the warm water is 36-42°C; the mass ratio of crude salt to warm water is 1:1000; the frequency of stirring in the warm water is 10-12r / min, and the frequency of stirring in the cold water is 6-8r / min; the roasting temperature is 350-370°C, the heating rate is 2-6°C / min, and the roasting time is 2-5h.
[0034] The initially fired organic biochar is placed in an alumina ceramic container and placed in a vacuum tube furnace for roasting to obtain a biomass carbon body; in this embodiment, the roasting conditions are negative pressure 0.08-0.1MPa, temperature 1300-1400°C, heating rate 2-5.5°C / min, and time 2-5h.
[0035] After ball milling the biomass carbon body, a solvent is added, the mixture is fully stirred and then dried, and then ball milled again to obtain biochar powder; in this embodiment, the ball milling operation is ball milling with a ball mill, and the ball milling conditions are 800-2000r / min and the time is 0.5-2h.
[0036] The biochar powder is pressed into a block, calcined again in a high-temperature tubular vacuum furnace, and then a metal catalyst is added, and then placed in a vacuum furnace, and the vacuum furnace is heated and pressurized to obtain flaky graphite; in this embodiment, the vacuum furnace is heated and pressurized again, and the conditions are positive pressure 0.11-0.15MPa, temperature 800-1000℃, heating rate 3-6.5℃ / min, and time 30min.
[0037] The flaky graphite is separated by acid washing and heated to be distilled until no bubbles are generated, and then filtered to obtain a highly graphitized carbon body; the highly graphitized carbon body is crushed and then acid washed again until no bubbles are generated, the acid solution is filtered out, and then repeatedly washed with clean water, and finally the water is filtered out to obtain a graphitized carbon body.
[0038] In the past, when metal catalysts were used to catalyze biochar or graphitized carbon, the catalysts usually used were powdered materials such as ferrosilicide, titanium metal, and aluminum. Metal powders were usually mixed with biomass carbon or carbon bodies that were difficult to graphitize, and then subjected to high-temperature graphitization catalysis. The high-temperature graphitization catalysis was carried out under pressureless or relatively low pressure conditions. The graphitization degree of the obtained graphitized carbon bodies was relatively low, and the obtained carbon bodies were spherical powders. The present invention uses a bulk alloy of transition metals as a catalyst to extract flaky graphitized carbon bodies from human hair. In the process of extracting graphitized carbon from human hair, the problem of environmental pollution is fully considered, and no strong acid or strong alkali solution is used. Only a certain amount of dilute nitric acid solution is used for the raw gas and oxidizing gas, which greatly reduces the pollution to the environment. During the high temperature and high pressure catalysis, the transition metal catalyst is used as the catalytic medium, which greatly reduces the catalytic conditions. Compared with the condition without catalyst, the graphitization temperature is reduced by 1000℃. The transition metal catalytic medium uses block material instead of powder material. Under the extreme pressure of 0.5-3MPa, it is heated to above the melting point to reach a molten state. The biochar undergoes a sufficient dissolution and then precipitation process. The precipitation process essentially realizes the process of rearrangement of carbon atoms. The precipitated carbon has the same physical and chemical properties as natural flake graphite.
[0039] The obtained graphitized carbon body is placed in a steel cylinder 100, and nitrogen is injected into the steel cylinder 100 to gradually exhaust the original air in the steel cylinder 100, and the pressure in the steel cylinder 100 is maintained between 0.5-3MPa, and the temperature is maintained at 28-30°C, and then hydrogen is introduced. The hydrogen reacts with the carbon body to obtain a mixed gas of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons; the mixed gas is purified to obtain high-purity methane.
[0040] A methane gas purification system comprises a steel cylinder 100 for generating a mixed gas of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons; a vacuum pump 300; an interface of the vacuum pump 300 is connected to the steel cylinder 100 through a first branch pipeline, a first solenoid valve 501 is provided on the first branch pipeline near the steel cylinder 100, a third solenoid valve 503 is provided near the vacuum pump 300, an exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pump 300, and an eighth solenoid valve 508 is provided on the exhaust pipeline; a freeze dryer 200; a second branch pipeline is connected to the inlet of the freeze dryer 200, and a third branch pipeline is connected to the outlet, the end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the first branch pipeline, and the connection point is located between the first solenoid valve 501 and the second solenoid valve 502, the third branch pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump 300, a fourth solenoid valve 504 is provided on the second branch pipeline, and the eighth solenoid valve 508 is provided on the exhaust pipeline. A fifth solenoid valve 505 is provided on the three branch pipelines; a collecting tank 400; a fourth branch pipeline is connected to the inlet of the collecting tank 400, the fourth branch pipeline is connected to the end of the fifth solenoid valve 505, and a seventh solenoid valve 507 is also provided on the fourth branch pipeline; the fifth branch pipeline is located between the seventh solenoid valve 507 and the collecting tank 400, and a sixth solenoid valve 506 is provided on the fifth branch pipeline, and the sixth solenoid valve 506 is connected to the end of the third solenoid valve 503, the vacuum pump 300 and the inlet of the eighth solenoid valve 508; a sixth branch pipeline is also provided between the end of the fifth solenoid valve 505 and the third solenoid valve 503, and a second solenoid valve 502 is provided on the sixth branch pipeline; a pressure relief pipeline is also provided between the first solenoid valve 501 and the steel tank, and a ninth solenoid valve 509 is provided on the pressure relief pipeline.
[0041] The working principle of the present technical solution is: first, close the first solenoid valve 501 and the ninth solenoid valve 509, open all other solenoid valves, and after turning on the vacuum pump 300, all pipelines, the collection tank 400 and the freeze dryer 200 will be evacuated to negative pressure. When the negative pressure value reaches the required value, all solenoid valves will be closed. After the hair and hydrogen in the cylinder 100 complete the initial reaction, open the first solenoid valve 501, the fourth solenoid valve 504, the fifth solenoid valve 505 and the seventh solenoid valve 507, and the mixed gas will pass through the freeze dryer 200 to filter out water and other light carbon compounds in the mixed gas to obtain high-purity methane and collect it in the collection tank 400. When the negative pressure needs to be released after the collection is completed, close the seventh solenoid valve 507 and the sixth solenoid valve 506, and open the other solenoid valves. The external air will enter the interior of each pipeline from the pressure relief pipeline, so that the internal and external pressures are the same. In use, the collection tank 400 can be used for storage and can improve production efficiency.
[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the technical solution can extract high-purity methane from human hair, which can be used in the growth of life diamonds. The technical solution finally determines various parameters in the process through continuous exploration of experiments and tests, and can stably obtain a mixed gas with a high methane content. The methane gas purification system in the technical solution can purify efficiently and stably, and finally obtain high-purity methane. The process steps of the technical solution are complete and reliable, and are fully suitable for industrialization.
[0043] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A process for extracting carbon from hair and obtaining high-purity methane, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) washing and drying the hair and placing it in an alumina container, then placing the alumina container in an atmosphere sintering furnace for calcining and continuously introducing fresh air to obtain a primary calcined product of organic biochar; 2) placing the initially fired organic biochar in an alumina ceramic container and placing it in a vacuum tube furnace for firing to obtain a biomass carbon body; 3) After ball-milling the biomass carbon body, adding a solvent, fully stirring and drying, and ball-milling again to obtain biochar powder; 4) Pressing the biochar powder into blocks, calcining it again in a high-temperature tubular vacuum furnace, adding a metal catalyst, placing it in a vacuum furnace, and heating and pressurizing the vacuum furnace to obtain flaky graphite; 5) The flaky graphite is separated by acid washing and heated distillation until no bubbles are generated, and filtered to obtain a highly graphitized carbon body; 6) crushing the highly graphitized carbon body and then acid-washing it again until no bubbles are generated, filtering out the acid solution and repeatedly washing it with clean water, and finally filtering out the water to obtain a graphitized carbon body; 7) placing the obtained graphitized carbon body into a steel cylinder (100), injecting nitrogen into the steel cylinder (100), gradually exhausting the original air in the steel cylinder (100), maintaining the pressure in the steel cylinder (100) between 0.5-3 MPa, and maintaining the temperature at 28-30° C., and then introducing hydrogen, and the hydrogen reacts with the carbon body to obtain a mixed gas of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons; 8) Purify the mixed gas to obtain high-purity methane.
2. The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 1), the hair is first soaked in cold water for 28-33 minutes, then the hair is taken out of the cold water, placed in warm water and stirred, coarse salt is added to the warm water, stirred for 8-12 minutes, taken out, placed in cold water and stirred for 5 minutes, taken out, and placed in a cool environment to dry naturally.
3. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the cold water is 16-22°C, and the temperature of the warm water is 36-42°C.
4. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the crude salt to the warm water is 1:1000.
5. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency of stirring in the warm water is 10-12 r / min, and the frequency of stirring in the cold water is 6-8 r / min.
6. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcination temperature in step 1) is 350-370°C, the heating rate is 2-6°C / min, and the calcination time is 2-5h.
7. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcination conditions in step 2) are negative pressure 0.08-0.1 MPa, temperature 1300-1400° C., heating rate 2-5.5° C. / min, and time 2-5 h.
8. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball milling operation in step 3) is performed by ball milling at a speed of 800-2000 r / min and a time of 0.5-2 h.
9. The process for extracting carbon from hair to obtain high-purity methane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the vacuum furnace is heated and pressurized again, and the conditions are positive pressure 0.11-0.15 MPa, temperature 800-1000° C., heating rate 3-6.5° C. / min, and time 30 min.
10. A methane gas purification system, characterized in that: include A steel cylinder (100) for generating a mixed gas of methane and a small amount of light hydrocarbons; A vacuum pump (300); the interface of the vacuum pump (300) is connected to the steel cylinder (100) through a first branch pipeline, a first solenoid valve (501) is provided on the first branch pipeline near the steel cylinder (100), a third solenoid valve (503) is provided near the vacuum pump (300), an air outlet of the vacuum pump (300) is connected to an exhaust pipeline, and an eighth solenoid valve (508) is provided on the exhaust pipeline; A freeze dryer (200); the inlet of the freeze dryer (200) is connected to a second branch pipeline, the outlet is connected to a third branch pipeline, the end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the first branch pipeline, the connection point is located between the first solenoid valve (501) and the second solenoid valve (502), the third branch pipeline is connected to a vacuum pump (300), the second branch pipeline is provided with a fourth solenoid valve (504), and the third branch pipeline is provided with a fifth solenoid valve (505); A collecting tank (400); the inlet of the collecting tank (400) is connected to a fourth branch pipeline, the fourth branch pipeline is connected to the end of the fifth solenoid valve (505), and a seventh solenoid valve (507) is also provided on the fourth branch pipeline; The fourth branch pipeline is located between the seventh solenoid valve (507) and the collection tank (400), or the fifth branch pipeline. The fifth branch pipeline is provided with a sixth solenoid valve (506). The sixth solenoid valve (506) is connected to the end of the third solenoid valve (503), the vacuum pump (300) and the inlet of the eighth solenoid valve (508). A sixth branch pipeline is also provided between the end of the fifth solenoid valve (505) and the third solenoid valve (503), and a second solenoid valve (502) is provided on the sixth branch pipeline. A pressure relief pipeline is also provided between the first solenoid valve (501) and the steel tank, and a ninth solenoid valve (509) is provided on the pressure relief pipeline.