A quantitative detection device for changes in a water conservancy engineering expansion joint

Abstract

The application relates to a water conservancy engineering expansion joint change quantitative detection equipment and belongs to the technical field of detection equipment. The equipment comprises a mounting shell, a pair of detection plates arranged at the bottom of the mounting shell, two first dials arranged at the top of the mounting shell, a first rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top of the mounting shell, a first pointer connected to the top end of the first rotating shaft, a first driving disc connected to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft, the bottom end of the first rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting shell, a damping ring being arranged between the first rotating shaft and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting shell, the first driving rod and the second driving rod being in the form of a rack, a first outer gear ring being rotatably connected to the outside of the first driving disc, a one-way transmission device being arranged between the first driving disc and the first outer gear ring, and the transmission directions of the one-way transmission devices arranged in the two first dials being opposite. Through the application, the problem of single function and large limitation of the expansion joint detection equipment in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering, belonging to the technical field of detection equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Cracks and expansion joints in water conservancy projects should be monitored regularly to analyze their condition and development trend, so as to analyze the causes of their changes and their impact on the safety of water conservancy projects, and to carry out timely and effective treatment.

[0003] A search revealed that patent publication number CN113251894B discloses an expansion joint detection mechanism for underwater concrete engineering. Two support plates have pads fixedly connected to their bottom ends, and guide tubes are embedded inside the pads. A first connecting bolt is threaded into the guide tube. A caster wheel is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the pad. A detection mechanism is installed inside the two support plates, and the detection mechanism includes a slot fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate. A connecting plate is movably sleeved inside the slot.

[0004] In the aforementioned scheme, the connecting plate can be easily installed in the slot through the action of the detection mechanism. The preset first reset spring can cause the two I-shaped blocks to move in opposite directions, so that the two blocks can fit into the expansion joint and fit against the inner wall of the expansion joint. The roller inside the C-shaped plate rotates to retract and extend the soft measuring tape. By observing the scale on the soft measuring tape, the size of the expansion joint can be measured.

[0005] However, it also has certain limitations, such as the equipment being too large to be carried and used outdoors for extended periods, and the detection data being relatively limited, only able to observe the current width of the expansion joint, making it difficult to grasp the state of structural changes in the expansion joint.

[0006] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in water conservancy projects, which solves the problems of limited functionality and large limitations of existing expansion joint detection devices.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0009] A quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in water conservancy projects includes a mounting shell, a pair of detection plates disposed at the bottom of the mounting shell, and two first dials disposed at the top of the mounting shell;

[0010] Among them, the pair of detection plates are parallel to each other, and the bottom of the mounting shell is respectively provided with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove communicating with the interior of the shell. A first driving rod and a second driving rod are slidably connected in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, respectively. The first driving rod and the second driving rod are parallel to each other, and the two detection plates are respectively fixedly connected to the first driving rod and the second driving rod. The first driving rod and the second driving rod are both provided with a compression spring between the inner wall of the mounting shell.

[0011] The first dial includes a first rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing, a first pointer connected to the top of the first rotating shaft, and a first driving disk connected to the bottom of the first rotating shaft. The bottom of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing, and a damping ring is provided between the first rotating shaft and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing. The first driving disk is located between the first driving rod and the second driving rod. Both the first driving rod and the second driving rod are rack-shaped. A first external gear ring is rotatably connected to the outside of the first driving disk. The two sides of the first external gear ring are respectively engaged with the first driving rod and the second driving rod. A one-way transmission device is provided between the first driving disk and the first external gear ring. The one-way transmission devices provided in the two first dials have opposite transmission directions.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the first rotating shaft includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment; the first connecting segment is slidably disposed on the top of the mounting shell and a first friction block is fixedly connected to its bottom; the bottom end of the first friction block is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove coaxial with the second connecting segment; a first fixing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting segment and fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell; a return torsion spring is provided between the first fixing ring and the first connecting segment; and a frustum-shaped first abutment block that cooperates with the abutment groove is fixedly connected to the top end of the second connecting segment.

[0013] The mounting housing is equipped with a clutch for driving the first friction block to separate or merge with the first abutment block.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the one-way transmission includes a plurality of friction elements formed on the inner wall of the first outer toothed ring, the friction elements including a mounting groove formed on the inner wall of the first outer toothed ring, an abutting ball disposed in the mounting groove, and a support spring disposed at one end of the mounting groove and abutting the abutting ball, the mounting groove gradually becoming shallower from one end to the other end, and when the abutting ball moves toward the shallower end of the mounting groove, it abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the first drive disc.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: two second dials are provided on the top of the mounting shell; a third sliding groove and a fourth sliding groove communicating with the interior of the mounting shell are respectively opened on the bottom of the mounting shell; a third driving rod and a fourth driving rod are slidably connected in the third sliding groove and the fourth sliding groove respectively; the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod are parallel to each other; two detection plates are respectively fixedly connected to the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod; and a compression spring is provided between the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod and the inner wall of the mounting shell.

[0016] The second dial includes a second rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing, a second pointer connected to the top of the second rotating shaft, and a second driving disk connected to the bottom of the second rotating shaft. The bottom of the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing. The second driving disk is located between the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod. Both the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod are rack-shaped. A second external gear ring is rotatably connected to the outside of the second driving disk. The two sides of the second external gear ring are respectively engaged with the third driving rod and the fourth driving rod. A transmission structure is provided between the second driving disk and the second external gear ring.

[0017] The transmission structure includes an annular groove formed on the peripheral wall of the second drive disc, a fixed block fixedly connected in the annular groove, and a movable block fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second external toothed ring and rotatably abutting against the fixed block. The movable blocks in the two second dials abut against the two sides of the fixed block respectively.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: a second friction block is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft, the bottom end of the second friction block is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove coaxial with the second rotating shaft, a second fixing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell, a return torsion spring is provided between the second fixing ring and the second rotating shaft, and a frustum-shaped second abutment block that cooperates with the abutment groove is fixedly connected on the second rotating shaft;

[0019] The mounting housing is equipped with a clutch for driving the second friction block to separate or merge with the second abutment block.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: a third dial is provided on the top of the mounting housing, the third dial including a third rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing, a third pointer connected to the top of the third rotating shaft, and a transmission gear fixedly connected to the bottom of the third rotating shaft, the two sides of the transmission gear being respectively meshed between the second driving rod and the third driving rod, and the bottom of the third rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the third rotating shaft includes a third connecting section and a fourth connecting section; the third connecting section is slidably disposed on the top of the mounting shell and a third friction block is fixedly connected to its bottom; the bottom end of the third friction block is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove coaxial with the fourth connecting section; a third fixing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the third connecting section and fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell; a return torsion spring is provided between the third fixing ring and the third connecting section; and a frustum-shaped third abutment block that mates with the abutment groove is fixedly connected to the top end of the fourth connecting section.

[0022] The mounting housing is equipped with a clutch for driving the third friction block to separate or merge with the third abutment block.

[0023] The invention is further configured such that: the clutch component includes a movable plate and a force-applying spring disposed between the movable plate and the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing; a button passing through the bottom surface of the mounting housing is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate; the movable plate is perpendicular to the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft; the movable plate has connecting holes respectively corresponding to the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft; the peripheral walls of the first friction block, the second friction block, and the third friction block are all provided with connecting ring grooves; the first friction block, the second friction block, and the third friction block are all rotatably connected to the connecting ring grooves through the connecting ring grooves.

[0024] The invention is further configured such that: the bottom of the first drive rod, the second drive rod, the third drive rod, and the fourth drive rod are all provided with a sliding groove with a dovetail-shaped cross-section; the top of the detection plate is respectively fixedly connected with a sliding plate that cooperates with the sliding groove; one of the sliding plates on the top of the detection plate is slidably connected to the first drive rod and the third drive rod, and the other sliding plate on the top of the detection plate is slidably connected to the second drive rod and the fourth drive rod; each of the sliding plates is provided with a threaded hole, and a fastening bolt that abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove is threaded into the threaded hole.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. By setting a first dial, a second dial, and a third dial, in use, the two detection plates are pressed together, causing the compression spring inside the mounting housing to contract. They are then inserted into the expansion joint to be detected. When the expansion joint expands or contracts, the detection plates move accordingly, driving the first, second, third, and fourth drive rods to move relative to each other. The first dial, located between the first and second drive rods, converts the linear motion of the expansion joint into unidirectional rotation on the first dial via a one-way transmission mechanism. Because the one-way transmission mechanisms in the two first dials have different transmission directions, the two first dials can respectively reflect the expansion and contraction movements of the expansion joint, and the total displacement of these movements is superimposed on the first dial. The third drive rod... The second dial between the moving rod and the fourth drive rod converts the linear motion of the expansion joint into unidirectional rotation on the second dial through the transmission structure. Similarly, since the moving blocks of the transmission structure in the two second dials abut in different directions, the two second dials reflect the expansion and contraction motion of the expansion joint respectively, and record the maximum displacement of the motion on the second dial. The third dial located between the second drive rod and the third drive rod directly reflects the current expansion or contraction amount relative to the initial state through the transmission gear. The staff can also directly measure the width of the expansion joint through the distance between the two detection plates. Through these four data, the motion state and activity level of the expansion joint over a certain period of time can be calculated, allowing for targeted and timely effective treatment.

[0027] 2. By setting a first friction block and a first abutment block on the first dial, a second friction block and a second abutment block on the second dial, and a third friction block and a third abutment block on the third dial, and by using a clutch to drive the first friction block, the second friction block, and the third friction block to engage and disengage with the first abutment block, the second abutment block, and the third abutment block respectively, when the first friction block disengages from the first abutment block, the first connecting section, under the action of the reset torsion spring, resets the first pointer to zero; when the second friction block disengages from the second abutment block, the second rotating shaft, under the action of the reset torsion spring, resets the second pointer to zero; when the third friction block disengages from the third abutment block, the third connecting section, under the action of the reset torsion spring, resets the third pointer to zero. That is, pressing the moving plate can reset all dials to zero, which is convenient to use.

[0028] 3. By detachably connecting the detection plate to the first, second, third, and fourth drive rods with fastening bolts, it is convenient for operators to adjust the initial distance between the two detection plates, thereby improving the overall applicability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an overall sectional view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first and second dial portions in this invention.

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part B in the middle section.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part C in the middle.

[0036] Figure 8 This is an overall sectional view of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part D in the middle.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the third dial portion in this invention.

[0039] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of part E in the middle.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Detection plate; 3. First dial; 4. Second dial; 5. Third dial; 6. First slide groove; 7. Second slide groove; 8. Third slide groove; 9. Fourth slide groove; 10. First drive rod; 11. Second drive rod; 12. Third drive rod; 13. Fourth drive rod; 14. Compression spring; 15. Sliding groove; 16. Slide plate; 17. Threaded hole; 18. Fastening bolt; 19. First rotating shaft; 20. First pointer; 21. First drive disc; 22. Damping ring; 23. First external gear ring; 24. One-way transmission; 25. Friction component; 26. Mounting groove; 27. Abutment ball; 28. Support spring; 29. ​​First connecting section; 30. Second connecting section; 31. First 31. Friction block; 32. Abutting groove; 33. First fixing ring; 34. Return torsion spring; 35. First abutting block; 36. Second rotating shaft; 37. Second pointer; 38. Second drive disc; 39. Second external gear ring; 40. Transmission structure; 41. Annular groove; 42. Fixing block; 43. Moving block; 44. Second friction block; 45. Second fixing ring; 46. Second abutting block; 47. Third rotating shaft; 48. Third pointer; 49. Transmission gear; 50. Third connecting section; 51. Fourth connecting section; 52. Third friction block; 54. Third fixing ring; 55. Third abutting block; 56. Clutch; 57. Moving plate; 58. Force-applying spring; 59. Button; 60. Connecting hole; 61. Connecting ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To facilitate a clear understanding of the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

[0042] like Figures 1-11 As shown, a quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in water conservancy projects includes a mounting shell 1, a pair of detection plates 2 disposed at the bottom of the mounting shell 1, two first dials 3 disposed at the top of the mounting shell 1, two second dials 4 disposed at the top of the mounting shell 1, and a third dial 5.

[0043] Among them, a pair of detection plates 2 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the mounting shell 1. The bottom of the mounting shell 1 is provided with a first sliding groove 6, a second sliding groove 7, a third sliding groove 8, and a fourth sliding groove 9 that communicate with the interior of the mounting shell 1. The first sliding groove 6, the second sliding groove 7, the third sliding groove 8, and the fourth sliding groove 9 all penetrate along the width direction of the mounting shell 1 and are parallel to each other. A first drive rod 10 and a second drive rod 11 are slidably connected in the first sliding groove 6 and the second sliding groove 7, respectively. A third drive rod 12 and a fourth drive rod 13 are slidably connected in the third sliding groove 8 and the fourth sliding groove 9, respectively. The first drive rod 10, the second drive rod 11, the third drive rod 12, and the fourth drive rod 13 are parallel to each other. The moving rod 12 and the fourth driving rod 13 are arranged sequentially. One detection plate 2 is fixedly connected to the first driving rod 10 and the third driving rod 12, and the other detection plate 2 is fixedly connected to the second driving rod 11 and the fourth driving rod 13. The first driving rod 10, the second driving rod 11, the third driving rod 12 and the fourth driving rod 13 are all provided with a pressure spring 14 between the inner wall of the mounting shell 1. The pressure spring 14 connected to the first driving rod 10 and the third driving rod 12 is connected to one side of the inner wall of the mounting shell 1, and the pressure spring 14 connected to the second driving rod 11 and the fourth driving rod 13 is connected to the other side of the inner wall of the mounting shell 1. Through the pressure springs 14 located on both sides, a spring force is applied to the two detection plates 2 to move away from each other.

[0044] The bottom of the first drive rod 10, second drive rod 11, third drive rod 12, and fourth drive rod 13 are all provided with dovetail-shaped sliding grooves 15. Slide plates 16 that mate with the sliding grooves 15 are fixedly connected to the top of each detection plate 2. One slide plate 16 on the top of one detection plate 2 is slidably connected to the first drive rod 10 and the third drive rod 12, while the slide plate 16 on the top of the other detection plate 2 is slidably connected to the second drive rod 11 and the fourth drive rod 13. Each slide plate 16 has a threaded hole 17, and a fastening bolt 18 that abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove 15 is threaded into the threaded hole 17. By detachably connecting the detection plate 2 to the first, second, third, and fourth drive rods 13 using the fastening bolts 18, it is convenient for operators to adjust the initial distance between the two detection plates 2, thereby improving the overall applicability of the equipment.

[0045] The first dial 3 includes a first rotating shaft 19 rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing 1, a first pointer 20 connected to the top of the first rotating shaft 19, and a first drive disk 21 connected to the bottom of the first rotating shaft 19. The bottom of the first rotating shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing 1, and a damping ring 22 is provided between the first rotating shaft 19 and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing 1. The first drive disk 21 is located between the first drive rod 10 and the second drive rod 11. The first drive rod 10 and the second drive rod 11 are both rack-shaped. A first external toothed ring 23 is rotatably connected to the outside of the first drive disk 21. The two sides of the first external toothed ring 23 are respectively engaged with the first drive rod 10 and the second drive rod 11.

[0046] A one-way transmission device 24 is provided between the first drive disc 21 and the first external gear ring 23. The one-way transmission devices 24 provided in the two first dials 3 have opposite transmission directions. The one-way transmission device 24 includes a number of friction elements 25 opened on the inner wall of the first external gear ring 23. The friction elements 25 include a mounting groove 26 opened on the inner wall of the first external gear ring 23, an abutting ball 27 provided in the mounting groove 26, and a support spring 28 provided at one end of the mounting groove 26 and abutting the abutting ball 27. The mounting groove 26 gradually becomes shallower from one end to the other end. When the abutting ball 27 moves towards the shallower end of the mounting groove 26, it abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the first drive disc 21.

[0047] The first rotating shaft 19 includes a first connecting section 29 and a second connecting section 30. The first connecting section 29 is slidably inserted through the top of the mounting shell 1 and a first friction block 31 is fixedly connected to its bottom. The bottom end of the first friction block 31 is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove 32 coaxial with the second connecting section 30. A first fixing ring 33 is fitted around the outer periphery of the first connecting section 29 and fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell 1. A reset torsion spring 34 is provided between the first fixing ring 33 and the first connecting section 29. The top end of the second connecting section 30 is fixedly connected with a frustum-shaped first abutment block 35 that cooperates with the abutment groove 32.

[0048] The second dial 4 includes a second rotating shaft 36 rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing 1, a second pointer 37 connected to the top of the second rotating shaft 36, and a second drive disk 38 connected to the bottom of the second rotating shaft 36. The bottom of the second rotating shaft 36 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing 1. The second drive disk 38 is located between the third drive rod 12 and the fourth drive rod 13. Both the third drive rod 12 and the fourth drive rod 13 are rack-shaped. A second external toothed ring 39 is rotatably connected to the outside of the second drive disk 38. The two sides of the second external toothed ring 39 are respectively engaged with the third drive rod 12 and the fourth drive rod 13.

[0049] A transmission structure 40 is provided between the second drive disc 38 and the second external gear ring 39. The transmission structure 40 includes an annular groove 41 formed on the peripheral wall of the second drive disc 38, a fixed block 42 fixedly connected in the annular groove 41, and a movable block 43 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second external gear ring 39 and rotatably abutting against the fixed block 42. The movable blocks 43 in the two second dials 4 abut against the two sides of the fixed block 42 respectively.

[0050] A second friction block 44 is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft 36. The bottom end of the second friction block 44 is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove 32 coaxial with the second rotating shaft 36. A second fixing ring 45 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 36 and fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell 1. A reset torsion spring 34 is provided between the second fixing ring 45 and the second rotating shaft 36. A frustum-shaped second abutment block 46 that cooperates with the abutment groove 32 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 36.

[0051] The third dial 5 includes a third rotating shaft 47 rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing 1, a third pointer 48 connected to the top of the third rotating shaft 47, and a transmission gear 49 fixedly connected to the bottom of the third rotating shaft 47. The two sides of the transmission gear 49 are respectively meshed between the second drive rod 11 and the third drive rod 12. The bottom of the third rotating shaft 47 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing 1.

[0052] The third rotating shaft 47 includes a third connecting section 50 and a fourth connecting section 51. The third connecting section 50 is slidably inserted through the top of the mounting shell 1 and a third friction block 52 is fixedly connected to its bottom. The bottom end of the third friction block 52 is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove 32 coaxial with the fourth connecting section 51. A third fixing ring 54 is fitted around the outer periphery of the third connecting section 50 and fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the mounting shell 1. A reset torsion spring 34 is provided between the third fixing ring 54 and the third connecting section 50. The top end of the fourth connecting section 51 is fixedly connected with a frustum-shaped third abutment block 55 that cooperates with the abutment groove 32.

[0053] The mounting housing 1 is equipped with a clutch 56 for driving the first friction block 31 to separate or merge with the first abutment block 35, the second friction block 44 to separate with the second abutment block 46, and the third friction block 52 to separate with the third abutment block 55. The clutch 56 includes a moving plate 57 and a force-applying spring 58 disposed between the moving plate 57 and the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing 1. A button 59 passing through the bottom surface of the mounting housing 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the moving plate 57. The moving plate 57 is perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 19, the second rotating shaft 36, and the third rotating shaft 47. The moving plate 57 has connecting holes 60 corresponding to the first rotating shaft 19, the second rotating shaft 36, and the third rotating shaft 47, respectively. The peripheral walls of the first friction block 31, the second friction block 44, and the third friction block 52 are all provided with connecting ring grooves 61. The first friction block 31, the second friction block 44, and the third friction block 52 are all rotatably connected to the connecting ring grooves 61 through the connecting ring grooves 61.

[0054] By setting a first friction block 31 and a first abutment block 35 on the first dial 3, a second friction block 44 and a second abutment block 46 on the second dial 4, and a third friction block 52 and a third abutment block 55 on the third dial 5, and by driving the first friction block 31, the second friction block 44 and the third friction block 52 to engage with the first abutment block 35, the second abutment block 46 and the third abutment block 55 respectively through the clutch 56, when the first friction block 31 disengages from the first abutment block 35, the first connecting section 29 resets the first pointer 20 to zero under the action of the reset torsion spring 34; when the second friction block 44 disengages from the second abutment block 46, the second rotating shaft 36 resets the second pointer 37 to zero under the action of the reset torsion spring 34; when the third friction block 52 disengages from the third abutment block 55, the third connecting section 50 resets the third pointer 48 to zero under the action of the reset torsion spring 34. That is, pressing the moving plate 57 can reset all dials to zero, which is convenient to use.

[0055] The implementation principle of this invention is as follows:

[0056] In use, the two detection plates 2 are pressed together, causing the compression spring 14 inside the mounting shell 1 to contract. They are then inserted into the expansion joint to be tested. When the expansion joint expands or contracts, the detection plates 2 move accordingly, causing relative movement of the first drive rod 10, the second drive rod 11, the third drive rod 12, and the fourth drive rod 13. The first dial 3, located between the first drive rod 10 and the second drive rod 11, converts the linear movement of the expansion joint into unidirectional rotation on the first dial 3 via a one-way transmission 24. Because the one-way transmission 24 in the two first dials 3 have different transmission directions, the two first dials 3 can respectively reflect the expansion and contraction movements of the expansion joint, and the total displacement of these movements is superimposed on the first dial 3. The third drive rod 12 and the fourth drive rod 13... The second dial 4 between rods 13 converts the linear motion of the expansion joint into unidirectional rotation on the second dial 4 through the transmission structure 40. Similarly, since the moving blocks 43 of the transmission structure 40 in the two second dials 4 abut in different directions, the two second dials 4 respectively reflect the expansion and contraction motion of the expansion joint and record the maximum displacement of the motion on the second dial 4. The third dial 5 located between the second drive rod 11 and the third drive rod 12 directly reflects the current expansion or contraction amount relative to the initial state through the transmission gear 49. The staff can also directly measure the width of the expansion joint through the distance between the two detection plates 2. Through these four data, the motion state and activity level of the expansion joint over a certain period of time can be calculated, allowing for targeted and timely effective management.

[0057] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering, characterized in that: Includes a mounting housing (1), a pair of detection plates (2) disposed at the bottom of the mounting housing (1), and two first dials (3) disposed at the top of the mounting housing (1); Among them, the pair of detection plates (2) are parallel to each other, and the bottom of the mounting shell (1) is respectively provided with a first groove (6) and a second groove (7) communicating with the interior of the shell. A first drive rod (10) and a second drive rod (11) are slidably connected in the first groove (6) and the second groove (7). The first drive rod (10) and the second drive rod (11) are parallel to each other. The two detection plates (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the first drive rod (10) and the second drive rod (11). The first drive rod (10) and the second drive rod (11) are both provided with a pressure spring (14) between the inner wall of the mounting shell (1). The first dial (3) includes a first rotating shaft (19) rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing (1), a first pointer (20) connected to the top of the first rotating shaft (19), and a first drive disk (21) connected to the bottom of the first rotating shaft (19). The bottom of the first rotating shaft (19) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing (1), and a damping ring (22) is provided between the first rotating shaft (19) and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing (1). The first drive disk (21) is located between the first drive rod (10) and the... Between the second drive rod (11), the first drive rod (10) and the second drive rod (11) are both rack-shaped. The first drive disk (21) is rotatably connected to the outside of the first external gear ring (23). The two sides of the first external gear ring (23) are respectively engaged with the first drive rod (10) and the second drive rod (11). A one-way transmission device (24) is provided between the first drive disk (21) and the first external gear ring (23). The one-way transmission devices (24) provided in the two first dials (3) have opposite transmission directions. The first rotating shaft (19) includes a first connecting section (29) and a second connecting section (30). The first connecting section (29) slides through the top of the mounting shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of a first friction block (31). The bottom end of the first friction block (31) is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove (32) coaxial with the second connecting section (30). The outer periphery of the first connecting section (29) is fitted with a first fixing ring (33) fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the mounting shell (1). A reset torsion spring (34) is provided between the first fixing ring (33) and the first connecting section (29). The top end of the second connecting section (30) is fixedly connected with a frustum-shaped first abutment block (35) that cooperates with the abutment groove (32). The mounting housing (1) is provided with a clutch (56) for driving the first friction block (31) to separate or merge with the first abutment block (35).

2. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way transmission (24) includes a plurality of friction elements (25) formed on the inner wall of the first external gear ring (23). The friction elements (25) include a mounting groove (26) formed on the inner wall of the first external gear ring (23), an abutment ball (27) disposed in the mounting groove (26), and a support spring (28) disposed at one end of the mounting groove (26) and abutting against the abutment ball (27). The mounting groove (26) gradually becomes shallower from one end to the other end. When the abutment ball (27) moves toward the shallower end of the mounting groove (26), it abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the first drive disc (21).

3. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mounting shell (1) is also provided with two second dials (4). The bottom of the mounting shell (1) is provided with a third sliding groove (8) and a fourth sliding groove (9) that communicate with the interior of the mounting shell (1). A third drive rod (12) and a fourth drive rod (13) are slidably connected in the third sliding groove (8) and the fourth sliding groove (9). The third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13) are parallel to each other. The two detection plates (2) are fixedly connected to the third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13). The third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13) are both provided with a pressure spring (14) between the inner wall of the mounting shell (1). The second dial (4) includes a second rotating shaft (36) rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing (1), a second pointer (37) connected to the top of the second rotating shaft (36), and a second drive disk (38) connected to the bottom of the second rotating shaft (36). The bottom of the second rotating shaft (36) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing (1). The second drive disk (38) is located between the third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13). The third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13) are both rack-shaped. A second external gear ring (39) is rotatably connected to the outside of the second drive disk (38). The two sides of the second external gear ring (39) are respectively engaged with the third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13). A transmission structure (40) is provided between the second drive disk (38) and the second external gear ring (39). The transmission structure (40) includes an annular groove (41) formed on the peripheral wall of the second drive disc (38), a fixed block (42) fixedly connected in the annular groove (41), and a movable block (43) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second external toothed ring (39) and rotatably abutting against the fixed block (42). The movable blocks (43) in the two second dials (4) abut against the two sides of the fixed block (42) respectively.

4. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second friction block (44) is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft (36). The bottom end of the second friction block (44) is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove (32) coaxial with the second rotating shaft (36). A second fixing ring (45) is fixedly connected to the top surface inside the mounting shell (1) on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft (36). A reset torsion spring (34) is provided between the second fixing ring (45) and the second rotating shaft (36). A frustum-shaped second abutment block (46) that cooperates with the abutment groove (32) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (36). The mounting housing (1) is provided with a clutch (56) for driving the second friction block (44) to separate or merge with the second abutment block (46).

5. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the mounting housing (1) is also provided with a third dial (5). The third dial (5) includes a third rotating shaft (47) rotatably connected to the top of the mounting housing (1), a third pointer (48) connected to the top of the third rotating shaft (47), and a transmission gear (49) fixedly connected to the bottom of the third rotating shaft (47). The two sides of the transmission gear (49) are respectively meshed between the second drive rod (11) and the third drive rod (12). The bottom of the third rotating shaft (47) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting housing (1).

6. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third rotating shaft (47) includes a third connecting section (50) and a fourth connecting section (51). The third connecting section (50) slides through the top of the mounting shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of a third friction block (52). The bottom end of the third friction block (52) is provided with a frustum-shaped abutment groove (32) coaxial with the fourth connecting section (51). The outer periphery of the third connecting section (50) is fitted with a third fixing ring (54) fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the mounting shell (1). A reset torsion spring (34) is provided between the third fixing ring (54) and the third connecting section (50). The top end of the fourth connecting section (51) is fixedly connected with a frustum-shaped third abutment block (55) that cooperates with the abutment groove (32). The mounting housing (1) is provided with a clutch (56) for driving the third friction block (52) to separate or merge with the third abutment block (55).

7. A quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clutch (56) includes a movable plate (57) and a force-applying spring (58) disposed between the movable plate (57) and the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting shell (1). A button (59) passing through the bottom surface of the mounting shell (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate (57). The movable plate (57) is perpendicular to the first rotating shaft (19), the second rotating shaft (36), and the third rotating shaft (47). The movable plate (57) has connecting holes (60) respectively corresponding to the first rotating shaft (19), the second rotating shaft (36), and the third rotating shaft (47). The peripheral walls of the first friction block (31), the second friction block (44), and the third friction block (52) are all provided with connecting ring grooves (61). The first friction block (31), the second friction block (44), and the third friction block (52) are all rotatably connected to the connecting ring grooves (61) through the connecting ring grooves (61).

8. The quantitative detection device for changes in expansion joints in hydraulic engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the first drive rod (10), the second drive rod (11), the third drive rod (12) and the fourth drive rod (13) are all provided with a sliding groove (15) with a dovetail-shaped cross-section. The top of the detection plate (2) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate (16) that cooperates with the sliding groove (15). The sliding plate (16) on the top of one detection plate (2) is slidably connected to the first drive rod (10) and the third drive rod (12), and the sliding plate (16) on the top of the other detection plate (2) is slidably connected to the second drive rod (11) and the fourth drive rod (13). The sliding plate (16) is provided with a threaded hole (17), and a fastening bolt (18) that abuts against the inner wall of the sliding groove (15) is threaded into the threaded hole (17).

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