Wind flow field simulation method and device of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention provides a wind flow field simulation method and device for a wind driven generator. The wind flow field simulation method comprises the steps of obtaining fan data of the wind driven generator in a running state and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind power plant where the wind driven generator is located; based on the fan data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, the acting force of the wind driven generator on the CFD flow field is calculated to serve as an additional source item of a preset turbulence model, the additional source item can reflect the acting force of the wind flow field acting on an impeller of the wind driven generator in the running state, and the preset turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; cFD flow field simulation data is calculated based on boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and a predetermined turbulence model including additional source terms to reflect a wind flow field around the wind turbine, the boundary conditions being determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data. The method achieves the unsteady simulation of the air flow field of a multi-spatial-scale operation fan, and achieves the more real and accurate inversion of the air flow field of the operation fan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the fields of wind farms and fluid mechanics, and more specifically, to a method and device for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] In the field of wind power, wind resource assessment for wind farms is a very important part of wind energy technology development and application. Various simulation methods can be used to analyze the mechanism of wind characteristics related to wind farms. In recent years, wind resource assessment methods proposed for wind farms include wind farm simulation methods based on CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). However, due to the rather complex mechanism of wind characteristics related to wind farms, people know very little about the actual wind conditions of wind turbines / units in complex wind farms.

[0003] In the related art, the traditional CFD-based wind farm simulation method realizes wind resource assessment and power generation calculation through steady-state simulation of wind farms. However, with the trend of large-scale wind turbines / units, the safety design and problem analysis of wind turbines / units require people to improve the mechanism research on wind characteristics related to wind farms. The current CFD-based wind farm simulation has the following shortcomings: the steady-state method of the traditional RANS (Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes) model simulates the wind farm through the sector method, which is difficult to reproduce the real wind condition characteristics; because the atmospheric laws have a great influence on the wind farm, it is difficult for the CFD-based simulation method to simulate an accurate wind farm. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and device for simulating the wind flow field of a wind turbine, thereby realizing a method for simulating the unsteady wind flow field of a wind turbine in operation under the premise of considering meteorological laws and the influence of wind turbines / units.

[0005] In one general aspect, a method for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine is characterized in that the method comprises: acquiring wind turbine data of a wind turbine in an operating state and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located; calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on a CFD flow field based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force exerted by the wind flow field on the impeller of the wind turbine in an operating state, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; calculating CFD flow field simulation data based on boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and the predetermined turbulence model including the additional source term, to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

[0006] Optionally, the step of calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field may include: calculating the blade resistance and blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in an operating state based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; and calculating the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid of the blade based on the blade resistance and the blade rotation force to be used as the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field.

[0007] Optionally, the wind turbine data may include the real-time speed of the wind turbine, blade size data and the real-time wind speed at the point where the wind turbine is located, and the step of calculating the blade resistance of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: calculating the real-time position data of the blades based on the real-time speed of the wind turbine; determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; determining the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid based on the real-time position data of the blades and the real-time wind speed; determining the thrust data at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid; and calculating the blade resistance at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes and the thrust data.

[0008] Optionally, the fan data may include real-time fan speed, blade size data and blade radial position data, and the step of calculating the blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind generator in operation may include: determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; calculating the linear velocity at the grid node based on the real-time fan speed and the blade radial position data; and calculating the blade rotation force at the grid node based on the blade radial position data and the linear velocity.

[0009] Optionally, the boundary conditions can be determined by the following steps: by applying a predetermined interpolation algorithm to the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area, the boundary grid node data at the boundary position is calculated; based on the boundary grid node data, the boundary conditions are determined.

[0010] Optionally, the CFD flow field may include the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator set; wherein, the wind flow field simulation method may also include: combining the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator sets in all operating states, and determining the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind farm to reflect the wind flow field within the wind farm.

[0011] Optionally, the step of obtaining mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located may include: applying wind measurement data measured by a wind tower located in the area where the wind turbine is located as real-time meteorological correction data to the mesoscale meteorological simulation, and calculating the corrected mesoscale meteorological simulation data as the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0012] Optionally, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be updated with each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step, and the updated mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be applied to the CFD flow field simulation during the next mesoscale meteorological simulation time step.

[0013] Optionally, the wind flow field simulation method may further include: outputting CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area within each CFD simulation time step, wherein the CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area includes CFD flow field simulation data of the impeller surface area of ​​the wind turbine and CFD flow field simulation data of the wake area.

[0014] In another general aspect, a wind flow field simulation device for a wind turbine is provided, the wind flow field simulation device comprising: an acquisition unit, configured to: acquire wind turbine data of a wind turbine in operation and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located; a CFD flow field simulation unit, configured to: calculate boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; calculate the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force of the wind flow field acting on the impeller of the wind turbine in operation, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; calculate CFD flow field simulation data based on the boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and the predetermined turbulence model including the additional source term, to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

[0015] Optionally, the operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field may include: calculating the blade resistance and blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in an operating state based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; and calculating the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid of the blade based on the blade resistance and the blade rotation force to be used as the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field.

[0016] Optionally, the fan data may include the real-time rotation speed of the fan, blade size data and the real-time wind speed at the point where the wind turbine is located, and the operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit calculating the blade resistance of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: calculating the real-time position data of the blades based on the real-time rotation speed of the fan; determining the impeller surface mesh based on the blade size data; determining the real-time wind speed at the mesh nodes of the impeller surface mesh based on the real-time position data of the blades and the real-time wind speed; determining the thrust data at the mesh nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the mesh nodes of the impeller surface mesh; and calculating the blade resistance at the mesh nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the mesh nodes and the thrust data.

[0017] Optionally, the fan data may include real-time fan speed, blade size data and blade radial position data, and the operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit calculating the blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind generator in operation may include: determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; calculating the linear velocity at the grid node based on the real-time fan speed and the blade radial position data; and calculating the blade rotation force at the grid node based on the blade radial position data and the linear velocity.

[0018] Optionally, the CFD flow field simulation unit can determine the boundary condition by the following operations: by applying a predetermined interpolation algorithm to the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area, calculating the boundary grid node data at the boundary position; and determining the boundary condition based on the boundary grid node data.

[0019] Optionally, the CFD flow field may include the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator set; wherein the CFD flow field simulation unit may also be configured to: combine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator sets in all operating states, determine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind farm, so as to reflect the wind flow field within the wind farm.

[0020] Optionally, the operation of the acquisition unit acquiring the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located may include: applying the wind measurement data measured by a wind tower located in the area where the wind farm is located as real-time meteorological correction data to the mesoscale meteorological simulation, and calculating the corrected mesoscale meteorological simulation data as the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0021] Optionally, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be updated with each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step, and the updated mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be applied to the CFD flow field simulation during the next mesoscale meteorological simulation time step.

[0022] Optionally, the CFD flow field simulation unit can also be configured to: output CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area within each CFD simulation time step, wherein the CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area includes CFD flow field simulation data of the impeller surface area of ​​the wind turbine and CFD flow field simulation data of the wake area.

[0023] In another general aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. When instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor may be prompted to perform the wind flow field simulation method as described above.

[0024] In another general aspect, a computer device is provided, which may include: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to execute the wind flow field simulation method as described above.

[0025] The present disclosure provides a wind flow field simulation method and device for a wind turbine, which realizes the unsteady simulation of the wind flow field of a running wind turbine taking into account the meteorological scale, the CFD wind field scale, and the wind turbine (including blade) scale, and more realistically and accurately reflects the wind flow field of the running wind turbine. In addition, the wind flow field simulation method and device can help provide technical support for various issues such as the analysis of wind characteristic mechanism in the wind farm where the wind turbine / unit is located in the running state, the load reproduction of the wind turbine / unit when the wind turbine / unit is running, and help the design of the wind turbine / unit.

[0026] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a flow chart showing a method for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 2 is an example of a flow chart showing a method for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing various simulation areas according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing various simulation area grids according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a wind flow field simulation device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, after understanding the disclosure of the present application, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be clear. For example, the order of operations described herein is only an example and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, for greater clarity and simplicity, the description of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0034] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided to illustrate only some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein, which will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0035] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0036] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions should not be limited by these terms. Instead, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples may also be referred to as the second member, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion.

[0037] In the specification, when an element (such as a layer, a region, or a substrate) is described as being “on”, “connected to”, or “coupled to” another element, the element may be directly “on”, “connected to”, or “coupled to” another element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on”, “directly connected to”, or “directly coupled to” another element, there may be no other elements present therebetween.

[0038] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs after understanding the present disclosure. Unless explicitly defined as such herein, terms (such as those defined in a general dictionary) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of examples, when it is considered that a detailed description of a well-known related structure or function would cause vague interpretation of the present disclosure, such a detailed description will be omitted.

[0041] As mentioned in the background technology, the traditional CFD simulation method that takes into account meteorological laws in the prior art cannot simulate an accurate wind field and is difficult to reproduce the real wind conditions. The purpose of the present application proposed here is to provide a non-steady simulation method and device for the wind flow field of a running wind turbine at multiple spatial scales, thereby solving the problem of inversion of the real wind conditions of the wind turbine in operation, providing technical support for various problems such as the analysis of the wind characteristic mechanism in the wind farm where the running wind turbine is located, and the load reproduction of the wind turbine / unit during operation, and ultimately serving the design stage of the wind turbine / unit.

[0042] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 5 A wind flow field simulation method and a wind flow field simulation device for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are described in detail.

[0043] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart showing a wind flow field simulation method 100 for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wind flow field simulation method 100 for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented in a computer device (e.g., a supercomputer cluster) with sufficient computing power. In addition, the wind flow field simulation method 100 can be applied to wind turbines / units in various application scenarios (e.g., complex mountain environments, plains, sea, etc.) and various types (e.g., three-blade, two-blade, offshore double wind turbines), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 In step S101, wind turbine data of a wind turbine in operation and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located are obtained.

[0045] As an example, the wind turbine data may include the tower height of the wind turbine, the impeller diameter of the wind turbine, the thrust coefficient, shape parameters, and rated speed of the wind turbine blades, etc.

[0046] As an example, the step of obtaining mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where a wind turbine is located may include: based on predetermined meteorological database data and wind farm data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located, setting various parameters related to mesoscale simulation, such as mesoscale meteorological simulation boundary conditions, mesoscale simulation models (for example, WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model) model and / or LES (Large Eddy Simulation) model), meteorological simulation time step (for example, a time step of minutes), and determining the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located based on the various parameters and the mesoscale simulation model.

[0047] As an example, the wind farm data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located may include a wind farm map, roughness information, unit location information, wind tower location information, and the like.

[0048] Optionally, the step of obtaining mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located may also include: applying wind measurement data measured by a wind tower located in the area where the wind turbine is located as real-time meteorological correction data to the mesoscale meteorological simulation, and calculating the corrected mesoscale meteorological simulation data as the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by applying the wind measurement data measured by the wind tower located in the area where the wind farm is located as real-time meteorological correction data to the mesoscale meteorological simulation, the accuracy of the meteorological simulation results can be guaranteed. In addition, by applying both the WRF model and the LES model to perform mesoscale meteorological simulation, the accuracy of the meteorological simulation results can be further improved. In addition, since the meteorological simulation results have a great influence on the accuracy of subsequent CFD simulations, the above operations can help improve the accuracy of CFD simulation results.

[0050] In step S102, based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field is calculated to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force exerted by the wind flow field on the impeller of the wind turbine in operation, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the CDF flow field simulation, various parameters related to the CFD flow field simulation can be set, including a turbulence model with additional source terms (for example, DES (Detached-Eddy Simulation) and / or LES turbulence model), a heat flux equation, a CFD simulation time step (for example, below seconds), and so on.

[0052] As an example, the relationship between the CFD simulation time step and the meteorological simulation time step can be that the latter is a positive integer multiple of the former. Such a setting can make the mesoscale meteorological simulation data used to determine the boundary conditions of the CFD simulation area remain unchanged within one meteorological simulation time step.

[0053] Optionally, the step of calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field may include: calculating the blade resistance and blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in an operating state based on wind turbine data and mesoscale meteorological simulation data; and calculating the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid of the blade based on the blade resistance and blade rotation force to be used as the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the initial simulation stage of calculating the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data can be used as a preset source item for the CFD simulation to determine the force of the wind flow field on the wind turbine in the initial stage. In the subsequent simulation stage (i.e., the simulation stage after the initial simulation stage) of calculating the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field, since the initial CFD simulation results have been obtained in the initial simulation stage, the wind flow field data used in the subsequent simulation stage to reflect the force of the wind flow field on the wind turbine is from the initial CFD simulation results.

[0055] For example, assuming that the subsequent simulation stage includes the second simulation stage and the third simulation stage in chronological order, the wind flow field data used to reflect the force of the wind flow field on the wind turbine generator in the second simulation stage is from the initial CFD simulation result; and for the third simulation stage, since the second CFD simulation result has been obtained in the second simulation stage, the wind flow field data used to reflect the force of the wind flow field on the wind turbine generator in the third simulation stage is from the second CFD simulation result. Therefore, in the CFD simulation process, the force of the wind flow field on the wind turbine generator is constantly changing.

[0056] Accordingly, in the process of calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine generator set / unit on the CFD flow field (i.e., the additional source term of the turbulence model), the force exerted by the wind turbine generator set / unit on the CFD flow field can be calculated based on the CFD simulation data and the wind turbine data, and the force exerted by the wind turbine generator set / unit on the CFD flow field is also changing all the time, i.e., the force exerted as the additional source term is updated in real time at the calculation grid mentioned later.

[0057] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the setting process of the impeller surface grid is as follows: for a single wind turbine (referred to as wind turbine) (by Figure 4 The red line shown) refers to Figure 4The fan area grid (indicated by the blue line) and the CFD simulation area grid (indicated by the black line) are set in the manner shown. The grid represented by the blue grid included in the red line corresponding to the impeller is the impeller surface grid at the predetermined time. Figure 4 It can be seen that the spatial scale of the wind turbine area grid (e.g., below the meter level) is smaller than the spatial scale of the CFD simulation area.

[0058] As an example, during the CFD simulation process, the fan simulation area and the wake area can be set. Specifically, the 360° horizontal wind direction of a single fan is divided into 36 sectors, and the fan area grids of the 36 sectors are generated. For example, the fan area grid includes the fan impeller surface grid, the tower area grid, the wake area grid, etc.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid can be obtained in the following manner to reflect the relationship between the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid and the flow field of the CFD simulation area grid: within each CFD simulation time step, first determine the horizontal incoming wind direction at the height position of the fan hub, then select the fan area grid of the corresponding sector, and map the flow field of the CFD simulation area grid to the fan impeller surface grid through a predetermined interpolation method, thereby obtaining the vector wind flow field of the entire impeller surface grid. In other words, there is a mapping relationship between the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid and the flow field of the CFD simulation area grid. For example, the vector wind flow field may include the instantaneous vector wind field of the impeller surface grid.

[0060] Optionally, the wind turbine data may include the real-time speed of the wind turbine, the blade size data, and the real-time wind speed at the point where the wind turbine is located. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of calculating the blade resistance of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: calculating the real-time position data of the blades based on the real-time speed of the wind turbine; determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; determining the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid based on the real-time position data of the blades and the real-time wind speed; determining the thrust data at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid; and calculating the blade resistance at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed and thrust data at the grid nodes.

[0061] Optionally, the wind turbine data may include the wind turbine real-time rotation speed, blade size data, and blade radial position data. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of calculating the blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; calculating the linear velocity at the grid node based on the wind turbine real-time rotation speed and blade radial position data; and calculating the blade rotation force at the grid node based on the blade radial position data and the linear velocity.

[0062] The following example illustrates the method of calculating the above-mentioned blade resistance and blade rotational force. Assuming that the running wind turbine has a three-blade land wind turbine, the initial positions of the three blades of the wind turbine are respectively located at the positions of 0°, 120°, and 240° in the vertical direction, then the effect of the wind turbine on the wind flow field comes from the instantaneous vector wind field on the impeller surface. Specifically, first, within each CFD simulation time step, the positions of the three blades are determined according to the physical time that needs to be calculated and the wind turbine speed. Then, based on the size data of the blades, the impeller surface mesh covered by the blades is determined, and the thrust coefficient is determined by the magnitude of the wind speed at different impeller surface mesh nodes, thereby calculating the resistance at all impeller surface mesh nodes. In addition, the linear velocity of the impeller surface mesh covered by the blades is determined based on the real-time speed of the wind turbine and the radial position of the three blades, thereby calculating the rotational force at all impeller surface mesh nodes.

[0063] Optionally, as an example, the resistance corresponding to both the tower area grid and the impeller hub area grid can also be added to the turbulence model as another additional source term. For example, the resistance corresponding to both the tower area grid and the impeller hub area grid can be calculated by the wind speed and thrust coefficient at the corresponding grid nodes to reflect the force of the wind flow field on the tower and the impeller hub. By adding the force of the wind flow field on the tower and the impeller hub to the CFD simulation model, the final CFD flow field simulation results can be made more complete and the influence of the tower and the impeller hub on the wind flow field can be inverted.

[0064] In step S103, based on the boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and a predetermined turbulence model including additional source terms, CFD flow field simulation data is calculated to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

[0065] Optionally, the boundary conditions may be determined by the following steps: by applying a predetermined interpolation algorithm to the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area, boundary grid node data at the boundary position is calculated; and based on the boundary grid node data, the boundary conditions are determined.

[0066] As an example, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area may include wind speed, wind direction, turbulence, temperature, heat flux, etc. at the corresponding position. As an example, the predetermined interpolation algorithm may include a spatial downscaling interpolation method such as spatial inverse distance square interpolation, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0067] As an example, the import and export boundary conditions of the boundary of the CFD simulation area can be determined by identifying the wind direction ratio based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area. Specifically, the import and export boundary conditions of the boundary of the CFD simulation area may include boundary conditions of four boundaries in the horizontal direction and boundary conditions of upper and lower boundaries, wherein the upper boundary is a symmetrical boundary condition and the lower boundary is a fixed value boundary condition. Optionally, the import and export boundary properties of each boundary can also be determined based on the boundary conditions of the four boundaries in the horizontal direction.

[0068] Optionally, the CFD flow field may include the CFD flow field of a wind turbine. In this case, the wind flow field simulation method 100 may further include: combining the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow fields of all wind turbines in operation to determine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind farm to reflect the wind flow field within the wind farm.

[0069] Here, as an example, when calculating the CFD flow field of a wind turbine (referred to as a turbine), the CFD simulation area needs to cover all turbines used for simulation. The CFD boundary position can be set to be 20 times the impeller diameter of the nearest turbine position (which can be obtained by Figure 3 D shown in the figure) in order to eliminate the influence of CFD boundary on the flow field near the unit.

[0070] In addition, in order to avoid the influence of large spatial scale on small scale, the size relationship between the meteorological simulation area and the CFD simulation area in the meteorological simulation can be satisfied: the former is 10 to 100 times the latter. Figure 3 , Figure 3 The relationship between the meteorological simulation area Lq and the CFD calculation area Lc is shown. As an example, the spatial scale of the mesoscale meteorological simulation can be within the 100-meter level. The above settings can help ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results.

[0071] Optionally, since the CFD flow field and the force of the fan on the surrounding wind flow field are constantly updated over time, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data can be updated with each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step, and the updated mesoscale meteorological simulation data can be applied to the CFD flow field simulation during the next mesoscale meteorological simulation time step. It should be understood that during the meteorological simulation process, convergence must be ensured within each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step.

[0072] Optionally, the wind flow field simulation method 100 may further include: outputting CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area within each CFD simulation time step, wherein the CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area includes CFD flow field simulation data of the impeller surface area of ​​the wind turbine and CFD flow field simulation data of the wake area.

[0073] The following reference Figure 2 The wind flow field simulation method 100 is illustrated by way of a modular simulation flow chart. Figure 2 is an example of a flowchart showing a method for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] Reference Figure 2 ,This example mainly involves five modules, including the mesoscale meteorological simulation module, the meso-microscale coupling module, the CFD flow field simulation module, the fan simulation module and the wind and machine interaction module.

[0075] Specifically, this example includes the following processing:

[0076] a) At the beginning of the simulation, the following processing is performed:

[0077] a1) Read the wind farm data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located, including wind farm map information, roughness information, unit location information, wind tower location information, etc., and also read the wind turbine information, including tower height, impeller diameter, blade thrust coefficient, blade shape parameters, rated speed, etc.;

[0078] a2) Determine the meteorological simulation area and the CFD simulation area, and generate the meteorological simulation area grid and the CFD simulation area grid.

[0079] b) Perform the following processing in the mesoscale meteorological simulation module:

[0080] b1) Based on the meteorological database data, set the mesoscale meteorological simulation boundary conditions, WRF model, meteorological simulation time step (also referred to as meteorological time step) and other mesoscale simulation related parameters;

[0081] b2) Since the meteorological simulation process needs to ensure convergence within each meteorological simulation time step, the convergence of the meteorological simulation results within the time step is determined in this step, and then the meteorological simulation results within the time step are output.

[0082] c) Perform the following processing in the mesoscale coupling module:

[0083] c1) Reading the meteorological simulation results (for example, including wind speed, wind direction, turbulence, temperature, heat flux, etc.) at the corresponding positions according to the boundary position information of the CFD simulation area;

[0084] c2) The meteorological results at the import and export boundaries of the CFD simulation area are assigned to the grid nodes of the CFD boundary through spatial downscaling.

[0085] d) Perform the following processing in the CFD flow field simulation module:

[0086] d1) determining the inlet and outlet boundary conditions of each boundary of the CFD simulation area according to the meteorological simulation results at each boundary position of the CFD simulation area by, for example, identifying the proportion of wind directions;

[0087] d2) Set various parameters related to CFD flow field simulation, including the DES (or LES) turbulence model with additional source terms, heat flux equation, CFD simulation time step, etc.

[0088] e) Perform the following processing in the fan simulation module:

[0089] e1) Set each wind turbine simulation area (for example, the corresponding wake area can also be set), divide the 360° horizontal wind direction of a single wind turbine into 36 sectors, and generate 36 sectors of wind turbine area grids. The wind turbine area grids include wind turbine impeller surface grids, tower area grids, wake area grids, etc.;

[0090] e2) In each CFD simulation time step, determine the horizontal incoming wind direction at the fan hub height position, select the fan area grid of the corresponding sector, and then interpolate the CFD flow field on the CFD simulation area grid to the fan impeller surface grid.

[0091] f) Perform the following processing in the wind and turbine interaction module:

[0092] f1) Calculate the position of the blade according to the time step and the fan speed, and determine the impeller surface grid covered by the blade according to the blade shape parameters;

[0093] f2) The thrust and centrifugal force at the corresponding grid of the blade are calculated and added to the DES turbulence model as source terms; in addition, the tower area grid is added to the DES turbulence model as a source term by giving a fixed resistance.

[0094] g) In the entire simulation time step, the simulation is advanced with the set time step (including the CFD simulation time step and the meteorological simulation time step). As the CFD simulation time step advances, the CFD flow field and the force of the fan on the flow field are constantly updated until a meteorological simulation time step (i.e., n CFD simulation time steps) is simulated. The updated data (e.g., the CFD flow field and the force of the fan on the flow field) is fed back to step b) to update the meteorological simulation results until the simulation completes the required simulation physical time.

[0095] h) Finally, the results are analyzed and processed. For example, in each CFD simulation time step, the CFD flow field of the fan simulation area is output, and the output results are analyzed and processed.

[0096] Through the above wind flow field simulation method, the sequential wind flow field around the blades and the sequential wind flow field around the wind turbine can be inverted when the wind turbine maintains wind deflection operation, and the sequential wind flow field of the entire wind farm where the unit is located can also be indirectly reflected.

[0097] Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a wind flow field simulation device 500 of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] Reference Figure 5 The wind flow field simulation device 500 includes an acquisition unit 510 and a CFD flow field simulation unit 520 .

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the acquisition unit 510 is configured to acquire wind turbine data of a wind turbine in operation and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0100] Optionally, the operation of obtaining unit 510 to obtain mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located may include: applying wind measurement data measured by a wind tower located in the area where the wind farm is located as real-time meteorological correction data to the mesoscale meteorological simulation, and calculating the corrected mesoscale meteorological simulation data as the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 is configured to: calculate the boundary conditions of the CFD flow field simulation based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; calculate the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, so as to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force of the wind flow field on the impeller of the wind turbine in operation, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; calculate the CFD flow field simulation data based on the boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and the predetermined turbulence model including the additional source term, so as to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

[0102] Optionally, the operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field may include: calculating the blade resistance and blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in an operating state based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; and calculating the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid of the blade based on the blade resistance and the blade rotation force to be used as the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field.

[0103] Optionally, the wind turbine data may include the real-time speed of the wind turbine, the blade size data, and the real-time wind speed at the location of the wind turbine. The operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 calculating the blade resistance of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: calculating the real-time position data of the blades based on the real-time speed of the wind turbine; determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; determining the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid based on the real-time position data of the blades and the real-time wind speed; determining the thrust data at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid; and calculating the blade resistance at the grid nodes based on the real-time wind speed and thrust data at the grid nodes.

[0104] Optionally, the fan data may include the fan real-time rotation speed, blade size data and blade radial position data. The operation of the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 calculating the blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation may include: determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; calculating the linear velocity at the grid node based on the fan real-time rotation speed and the blade radial position data; and calculating the blade rotation force at the grid node based on the blade radial position data and the linear velocity.

[0105] Optionally, the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 may determine the boundary conditions by the following operations: by applying a predetermined interpolation algorithm to the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area, calculating the boundary grid node data at the boundary position; and determining the boundary conditions based on the boundary grid node data.

[0106] In addition, optionally, the CFD flow field may include the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator set. In this case, the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 may also be configured to: combine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator sets in all operating states, and determine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind farm to reflect the wind flow field within the wind farm.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be updated with each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step, and the updated mesoscale meteorological simulation data may be applied to the CFD flow field simulation during the next mesoscale meteorological simulation time step.

[0108] Optionally, the CFD flow field simulation unit 520 can also be configured to: output CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area within each CFD simulation time step, wherein the CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area includes CFD flow field simulation data of the impeller surface area of ​​the wind turbine and CFD flow field simulation data of the wake area.

[0109] Regarding the device in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each unit performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0110] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the wind flow field simulation method of the wind turbine can be written as a computer program and stored on a computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions corresponding to the computer program are executed by the processor, the wind flow field simulation method of the wind turbine as described above can be implemented. Examples of computer-readable storage media include: read-only memory (ROM), random access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory, non-volatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD+R, CD-RW, CD+RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, Blu-ray or optical disk storage, hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD), card storage (such as, multimedia card, secure digital (SD) card or extreme digital (XD) card), magnetic tape, floppy disk, magneto-optical data storage device, optical data storage device, hard disk, solid state disk and any other device, any other device is configured to store computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures in a non-transitory manner and provide the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures to a processor or computer so that the processor or computer can execute the computer program. In one example, the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are distributed on a networked computer system so that the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are stored, accessed and executed in a distributed manner by one or more processors or computers.

[0111] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] Reference Figure 6 The computer device 600 includes at least one processor 610 and at least one memory 620, wherein a set of computer executable instructions is stored in the at least one memory 620. When the set of computer executable instructions is executed by the at least one processor 610, a method for simulating a wind flow field of a wind turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is executed.

[0113] As an example, the computer device 600 may be a PC, a tablet device, a personal digital assistant, a smart phone, or other device capable of executing the above instruction set. Here, the computer device 600 is not necessarily a single electronic device, but may also be any device or circuit collection capable of executing the above instructions (or instruction sets) individually or in combination. The computer device 600 may also be part of an integrated control system or system manager, or may be configured as a portable electronic device interconnected with a local or remote (e.g., via wireless transmission) interface.

[0114] In computer device 600, processor 610 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a programmable logic device, a dedicated processor system, a microcontroller, or a microprocessor. By way of example and not limitation, the processor may also include an analog processor, a digital processor, a microprocessor, a multi-core processor, a processor array, a network processor, etc.

[0115] The processor 610 may execute instructions or codes stored in the memory 620, which may also store data. Instructions and data may also be sent and received over a network via a network interface device, which may employ any known transmission protocol.

[0116] The memory 620 may be integrated with the processor 610, for example, by placing RAM or flash memory within an integrated circuit microprocessor or the like. In addition, the memory 620 may include a separate device, such as an external disk drive, a storage array, or any other storage device that may be used by a database system. The processor 610 and the memory 620 may be operatively coupled, or may communicate with each other, such as through an I / O port, a network connection, etc., so that the processor 610 can read files stored in the memory.

[0117] In addition, the computer device 600 may also include a video display (such as a liquid crystal display) and a user interaction interface (such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch input device, etc.) All components of the computer device 600 may be connected to each other via a bus and / or a network.

[0118] The present disclosure provides a wind flow field simulation method and device for a wind turbine. The wind flow field simulation method and device realize the unsteady simulation of the wind flow field of a running wind turbine taking into account the meteorological scale, CFD wind field scale, and wind turbine (including blade) scale, and can more realistically and accurately invert the real wind flow field of the wind turbine in the running state within a predetermined time period and the wind flow field around the wind turbine.

[0119] In addition, the present disclosure can realize unsteady CFD flow field simulation in a true sense by applying the meteorological data that will be updated in each meteorological simulation time step to the CFD simulation process, and also reflects the influence of the running fan on the wind flow field in the CFD simulation process, so that the simulation reliability and practicality are enhanced, and the flow field distribution near the fan / unit can be simulated more accurately. Compared with other simplified algorithms in the related art, the simulation results are more reliable.

[0120] In addition, by inverting the characteristics of the surrounding wind field when the wind turbine / unit is in operation, the above-mentioned wind flow field simulation method and device can help provide technical support for the research of various issues such as the wind characteristic mechanism analysis in the wind farm where the wind turbine / unit is located in the operating state, load reproduction during the operation of the wind turbine / unit, unit safety / quality problem analysis, unit control strategy, the impact of complex terrain on unit operation, and the wake effect of the unit. It also helps in the design of wind turbines / units and is of great significance to the development and utilization of wind energy technology.

[0121] The specific implementation methods of the present disclosure have been described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments may be modified and varied without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. These modifications and variations should also be within the scope of protection of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for simulating wind flow field of a wind turbine, characterized in that: The wind flow field simulation method comprises: Acquire wind turbine data of a wind turbine in operation and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located; Based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, calculating the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force of the wind flow field acting on the impeller of the wind turbine in operation, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; Based on the boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and the predetermined turbulence model including the additional source term, CFD flow field simulation data is calculated to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

2. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of calculating the force exerted by the wind turbine on the CFD flow field include: Based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, calculating the blade resistance and blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in operation; Based on the blade resistance and the blade rotation force, the vector wind flow field of the impeller surface grid of the blade is calculated to be used as the force of the wind turbine generator on the CFD flow field.

3. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wind turbine data includes the real-time wind speed of the wind turbine, blade size data and the real-time wind speed at the location of the wind turbine, and The steps of calculating the blade resistance of the wind flow field acting on the blade of the wind turbine in the operating state include: Calculating the real-time position data of the blades based on the real-time rotation speed of the fan; Determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; Determine the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid based on the real-time position data of the blade and the real-time wind speed; Determining thrust data at the grid nodes of the impeller surface grid based on the real-time wind speed at the grid nodes; The blade resistance at the grid node is calculated based on the real-time wind speed at the grid node and the thrust data.

4. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan data includes the fan real-time rotation speed, blade size data and blade radial position data, and The steps of calculating the blade rotation force of the wind flow field acting on the blades of the wind turbine in the operating state include: Determining the impeller surface grid based on the blade size data; Calculating the linear velocity at the grid node based on the real-time rotation speed of the fan and the radial position data of the blades; The blade rotational force at the grid node is calculated based on the blade radial position data and the linear velocity.

5. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boundary conditions are determined by the following steps: By applying a predetermined interpolation algorithm to the mesoscale meteorological simulation data at the boundary position of the CFD simulation area, boundary grid node data at the boundary position is calculated; Based on the boundary mesh node data, the boundary condition is determined.

6. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CFD flow field includes the CFD flow field of the wind turbine generator set; Wherein, the wind flow field simulation method further includes: The CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow fields of the wind turbines in all operating states are combined to determine the CFD flow field simulation data of the CFD flow field of the wind farm to reflect the wind flow field within the wind farm.

7. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located comprises: The wind data measured by the wind tower located in the area where the wind farm is located is applied as real-time meteorological correction data in the mesoscale meteorological simulation, and the corrected mesoscale meteorological simulation data is calculated as the mesoscale meteorological simulation data of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

8. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesoscale meteorological simulation data is updated with each mesoscale meteorological simulation time step, and the updated mesoscale meteorological simulation data is applied to the CFD flow field simulation during the next mesoscale meteorological simulation time step.

9. The wind flow field simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind flow field simulation method also includes: outputting CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area within each CFD simulation time step, wherein the CFD flow field simulation data for the wind turbine simulation area includes CFD flow field simulation data of the impeller surface area of ​​the wind turbine and CFD flow field simulation data of the wake area.

10. A wind flow field simulation device for a wind turbine, characterized in that: The wind flow field simulation device comprises: An acquisition unit is configured to: acquire wind turbine data of a wind turbine in operation and mesoscale meteorological simulation data of a wind farm where the wind turbine is located; The CFD flow field simulation unit is configured as follows: Calculating boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data; Based on the wind turbine data and the mesoscale meteorological simulation data, calculating the force of the wind turbine on the CFD flow field to be used as an additional source term of a predetermined turbulence model, so that the additional source term can reflect the force of the wind flow field acting on the impeller of the wind turbine in operation, wherein the predetermined turbulence model is used for CFD flow field simulation; Based on the boundary conditions for CFD flow field simulation and the predetermined turbulence model including the additional source term, CFD flow field simulation data is calculated to reflect the wind flow field around the wind turbine, wherein the boundary conditions are determined based on the mesoscale meteorological simulation data.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the wind flow field simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer executable instructions, Wherein, when the computer executable instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the wind flow field simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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