Synchronization method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronization method and device, which can be used for realizing synchronization between terminal equipment. The method comprises the following steps: a first terminal device sends a first S-SSB indicating first synchronization information, and a second terminal device sends a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB after receiving the first S-SSB from the first terminal device. Wherein the second S-SSB indicates the second synchronization information and indicates that a synchronization source of the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following items: a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), access network equipment, or terminal equipment synchronized with the GNSS or the access network equipment. And after receiving the second S-SSB, the first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information. Wherein the first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are SSBs based on a sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular to a synchronization method and device. Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is conducting research and standardization work on communication perception integration. In the sidelink (SL), the terminal device can perceive by self-transmission and self-reception or self-transmission and other-reception. In the self-transmission and self-reception mode, the transmitter and receiver of the perception signal are the same terminal device. In the self-transmission and other-reception mode, the transmitter and receiver of the perception signal are different terminal devices.

[0003] In the SL communication and perception integration scenario, there can be different types of terminal devices with perception functions (called perception terminal devices). For example, terminal devices with perception functions and traditional communication functions; terminal devices with perception functions but without channel encoding and decoding and modulation and demodulation capabilities in traditional communications.

[0004] Usually, sensing terminal devices need to be synchronized to avoid interference. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a synchronization method and apparatus, which can achieve synchronization between terminal devices.

[0006] In the first aspect, a synchronization method is provided, which can be executed by a first terminal device, or by a component of the first terminal device, such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system of the first terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first terminal device. The method includes: sending a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB, the first S-SSB indicating first synchronization information; receiving a second S-SSB from a second terminal device, the second S-SSB indicating second synchronization information and indicating that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source; updating the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information. The second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with a GNSS or an access network device. The first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs;

[0007] Based on this scheme, the first terminal device sends a first S-SSB to indicate the first synchronization information, indicating that the first terminal device has selected a synchronization source. After receiving the sequence-based second S-SSB indicating the second synchronization information, the first terminal device can obtain the second synchronization information. Therefore, the first terminal device can update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information. After the first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information, it can be considered that the first terminal device and the second terminal device are synchronized, that is, the synchronization between the first terminal device and the second terminal device is achieved, thereby reducing the mutual interference between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0008] In one possible design, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, which is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device. The first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

[0009] In one possible design, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source; updating the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information includes: updating the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information according to the priority order of the synchronization sources; the priority order of the synchronization sources includes that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source.

[0010] Based on this possible design, the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than that of the first synchronization source, which can ensure that the first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information, thereby achieving synchronization between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0011] In one possible design, the second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

[0012] Based on this possible design, the first terminal can quickly learn that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source through the indication information, thereby reducing the synchronization delay.

[0013] In one possible design, the second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0014] Based on this possible design, the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is implicitly indicated as the second synchronization source through the sequence set in which the sequence corresponding to the SLSS is located, which can reduce the signaling overhead.

[0015] In one possible design, the first terminal device has a sensing capability but does not have channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities. The second terminal device has a sensing capability, channel coding and decoding, and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

[0016] In the second aspect, a synchronization method is provided, which can be executed by a second terminal device, or by a component of the second terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the second terminal device. The method includes: receiving a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB from a first terminal device; sending a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB. The second S-SSB indicates the second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with a GNSS or an access network device. The first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs.

[0017] Based on this solution, after receiving the first sequence-based S-SSB from the first terminal device, the second terminal device sends a second sequence-based S-SSB, and indicates through the second S-SSB that the synchronization source is the second synchronization information of the traditional synchronization source (i.e., the second synchronization source). Since the second S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB, the first terminal device can parse the second S-SSB, thereby obtaining the second synchronization information and its synchronization source, and then can update the synchronization information to the second synchronization information, thereby achieving synchronization between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0018] In one possible design, a second S-SSB is sent to a first terminal device based on a signal quality of a first S-SSB, including sending a second S-SSB to the first terminal device when the signal quality of the first S-SSB is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0019] Based on this possible design, when the signal quality of the first S-SSB is greater than or equal to the threshold, it means that the distance between the first terminal device and the second terminal device is relatively close, and the interference caused by asynchrony may be relatively large. Therefore, in this case, a second S-SSB based on a sequence is sent to the first terminal device, so that the first terminal device can synchronize with the second terminal device according to the second S-SSB, thereby reducing mutual interference between the two.

[0020] In one possible design, the second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

[0021] In one possible design, the second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0022] Based on this possible design, the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is implicitly indicated as the second synchronization source through the sequence set in which the sequence corresponding to the SLSS is located, which can reduce the signaling overhead.

[0023] In one possible design, before receiving the first S-SSB from the first terminal device, the method also includes: receiving second synchronization information from a second synchronization source; and synchronizing with the second synchronization source according to the second synchronization information.

[0024] In a possible design, the first S-SSB indicates first synchronization information, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device, the first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities; the priority of the first synchronization source is lower than the priority of the second synchronization source.

[0025] Based on this possible design, the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than that of the first synchronization source, so that when the first terminal device has selected the first synchronization source and receives the second S-SSB, it can update the synchronization source to the second synchronization source based on the priority order, thereby achieving synchronization between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0026] In one possible design, the first terminal device has a sensing capability but does not have channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities. The second terminal device has a sensing capability, channel coding and decoding, and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

[0027] In the third aspect, a synchronization method is provided, which is applied to a communication system, and the communication system includes a first terminal device and a second terminal device. The method includes: the first terminal device sends a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB, the first S-SSB indicates the first synchronization information, and the first S-SSB is a sequence-based SSB; the second terminal device receives the first S-SSB from the first terminal device; the second terminal device also sends a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB; wherein the second S-SSB indicates the second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with a GNSS or an access network device; the second S-SSB is a sequence-based SSB; the first terminal device also receives the second S-SSB from the second terminal device, and updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information. Among them, the technical effects brought about by the third aspect can refer to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect or the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing various methods. The communication device may be the first terminal device in the first aspect, or a device included in the first terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or, the communication device may be the second terminal device in the second aspect, or a device included in the second terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system. The communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the implementation method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.

[0029] In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. The processing module may be used to implement the processing function in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module may include a receiving module and a sending module, respectively used to implement the receiving function and the sending function in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.

[0030] In some possible designs, the transceiver module may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device executes the method described in any aspect. The communication device can be the first terminal device in the first aspect, or a device included in the first terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device can be the second terminal device in the second aspect, or a device included in the second terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system.

[0032] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction so that the communication device executes the method described in any aspect. The communication device can be the first terminal device in the first aspect, or a device included in the first terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device can be the second terminal device in the second aspect, or a device included in the second terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system.

[0033] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory, so that the communication device performs the method described in any aspect. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor. The communication device may be the first terminal device in the first aspect, or a device included in the first terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device may be the second terminal device in the second aspect, or a device included in the second terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system.

[0034] In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a communication device, the communication device can execute the method described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0035] In a ninth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0036] In a tenth aspect, a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system) is provided, wherein the communication device includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0037] In some possible designs, the communication device includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.

[0038] In some possible designs, when the device is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0039] It can be understood that when the communication device provided in any one of the fourth to tenth aspects is a chip, the sending action / function of the communication device can be understood as output information, and the receiving action / function of the communication device can be understood as input information.

[0040] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any design method in the fourth to tenth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in the first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional S-SSB provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sequence-based S-SSB provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a scenario that cannot be synchronized provided for this application;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided for this application;

[0045] Figure 5 A flowchart of a synchronization method provided by this application;

[0046] Figure 6 A flowchart of another synchronization method provided by this application;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided by the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided by the present application;

[0049] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in this application is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0051] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0052] In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit the difference.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way for easy understanding.

[0054] It is understood that the "embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the various embodiments in the entire specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It is understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0055] It can be understood that in the present application, "when", "when", "if" and "under the circumstances" all mean that corresponding processing will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, but it does not limit the time, nor does it require any judgment action when implementing it, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0056] It can be understood that some optional features in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the solution on which they are currently based, to solve corresponding technical problems and achieve corresponding effects, or may be combined with other features according to needs in certain scenarios. Accordingly, the devices provided in the embodiments of the present application may also realize these features or functions accordingly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can refer to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, if there is no special description and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new implementation methods according to their inherent logical relationships. The implementation methods of this application described below do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Wireless sensing is an important technology for the future. In wireless sensing, the transmitting device can send a specific signal (called a transmitted signal), and the receiving device can receive the signal reflected by the environment (called a received signal). Afterwards, the transceiver can compare the correlation between the received signal and the transmitted signal to analyze relevant information about the surrounding environment. For example, it can analyze whether there are objects to be detected or sensed in the surrounding environment, the distance between the scatterer and the transceiver, the orientation or angle of the scatterer relative to the transceiver, and the moving speed of the scatterer relative to the transceiver.

[0059] Wireless sensing can be widely used in various fields. For example, in the scenario of connected vehicles, vehicles can obtain surrounding environmental information through wireless sensing, such as the location information and speed information of moving objects such as other vehicles and pedestrians, and information about relatively stationary objects such as roads and fences. For another example, in environments such as airports, special equipment can be deployed to sense and monitor flying objects such as drones to prevent other flying objects from causing safety impacts on aircraft takeoff and landing. For another example, in a home environment, wireless sensing can be used to detect intruders to improve the security and privacy of the home environment. In the future, wireless sensing may be used as an important part of the mobile communication system, that is, to achieve communication and perception integration.

[0060] 3GPP is conducting research and standardization work on the integration of communication and perception. In the sidelink SL, the terminal equipment can perceive by self-transmitting and self-receiving or self-transmitting and receiving by others.

[0061] Usually, terminal devices need to be synchronized to avoid mutual interference. In current SL communications, synchronization sources may include: global navigation satellite system (GNSS), access network equipment (such as base stations), terminal devices (such as user equipment (UE)) and internal clocks of terminal devices.

[0062] Regardless of whether the terminal device is within or outside the network coverage, as long as the terminal device searches for a reliable GNSS signal, the terminal device can select GNSS as the synchronization source. If the terminal device is within the coverage of the access network device, the terminal device can select the access network device as the synchronization source if it searches for the synchronization signal sent by the access network device.

[0063] In addition, if a terminal device obtains synchronization information, then the terminal device can send synchronization information on the SL to assist other terminal devices that cannot synchronize with the GNSS and access network devices to synchronize with the SL. At this time, the terminal device is called a synchronization reference UE.

[0064] If the terminal device cannot obtain synchronization information through GNSS, access network equipment and synchronization reference UE, the terminal device can determine the synchronization information based on its internal clock, that is, the synchronization source is the clock of the terminal device itself.

[0065] Exemplarily, the synchronization reference UE can provide synchronization information to other terminal devices by sending a sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB). S-SSB includes a sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) and a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH). SLSS can be divided into a sidelink primary synchronization signal (S-PSS) and a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). PSBCH carries a master information block (MIB), which may include a direct frame number (DFN) and a slot index, etc. Other terminal devices can perform symbol synchronization with the synchronization reference UE by detecting the S-PSS and S-SSS, and perform frame synchronization with the synchronization reference UE by parsing the PSBCH.

[0066] A terminal device can send S-SSB to provide synchronization information when the following conditions are met: a) The terminal device selects GNSS or access network equipment as the synchronization source, but the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the GNSS signal or the synchronization signal of the access network device is less than a threshold; b) The terminal device selects the synchronization reference UE as the synchronization source, but the RSRP of the PSBCH of the synchronization reference UE (denoted as PSBCH-RSRP) is less than a threshold; c) The terminal device does not select GNSS, access network equipment and synchronization reference UE, but uses its own internal clock as the synchronization source.

[0067] Generally, there is a priority order between different types of synchronization sources. For example, when GNSS is configured as the highest priority, the priority order of synchronization sources is: GNSS> terminal devices synchronized with GNSS> access network devices> terminal devices synchronized with access network devices> other synchronization reference terminal devices> terminal device internal clock. When access network devices are configured as the highest priority, the priority order of synchronization sources is: access network devices> terminal devices synchronized with access network devices> GNSS> terminal devices synchronized with GNSS> other synchronization reference terminal devices> terminal device internal clock.

[0068] After the terminal device selects a synchronization source, it can reselect the synchronization source to change the synchronization source when the following conditions are met: a) the terminal device has selected a synchronization reference terminal device as the synchronization source and detected a synchronization source with a higher priority, or detected a synchronization source with the same priority but a higher PSBCH-RSRP, or the PSBCH-RSRP of the current synchronization source no longer meets the threshold requirement; b) the terminal device has selected GNSS as the synchronization source and detected that the PSBCH-RSRP of the candidate synchronization reference terminal device meets the threshold requirement, and the priority of the candidate synchronization reference terminal device is higher than GNSS, or the current GNSS becomes unreliable; c) the terminal device has selected an access network device as the synchronization source and detected that the PSBCH-RSRP of the candidate synchronization reference terminal device meets the threshold requirement, and the priority of the candidate synchronization reference terminal device is higher than the access network device, or the terminal device is not within the coverage of the cell.

[0069] In the SL communication and perception integration scenario, there may be different types of terminal devices with perception capabilities. For example, terminal devices with perception capabilities and legacy communication functions (hereinafter referred to as integrated synesthesia terminal devices); terminal devices with perception capabilities but without channel encoding and decoding and modulation and demodulation capabilities in traditional communications (hereinafter referred to as perception-only terminal devices). Exemplarily, the perception capabilities may include but are not limited to: sending sequences, detecting sequences, performing correlation operations based on sequences, analyzing whether there are objects to be detected or perceived in the surrounding environment based on the results of correlation operations, the distance between the scatterer and the transceiver, the orientation or angle of the scatterer relative to the transceiver, the moving speed of the scatterer relative to the transceiver, etc.

[0070] The all-sensory terminal device can parse both the legacy S-SSB and the sequence-based S-SSB. The perception-only terminal device can parse the sequence-based S-SSB, but cannot parse the legacy S-SSB. For example, the MIB carried by the PSBCH of the legacy S-SSB is sent after channel coding and modulation, and the MIB carried by the PSBCH of the sequence-based S-SSB (denoted as Seq-PSBCH) is carried by sequence without channel coding and modulation. In addition, for the legacy S-SSB and sequence-based S-SSB, S-PSS and S-SSS are both generated based on the sequence.

[0071] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following are the structural diagrams of the traditional S-SSB and sequence-based S-SSB. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the PSBCH of S-SSB can be located in orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) symbol 0 and OFDM symbols 5-12 in the time slot. S-PSS can be located in OFDM symbols 1-2 in the time slot, and S-SSS can be located in OFDM symbols 3-4 in the time slot. OFDM symbol 13 is used as a guard interval.

[0072] For traditional S-SSB, PSBCH carries MIB, and the PSBCH transmission process may include, for example, generating MIB, adding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code, encoding, modulation, and the modulation method may be quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The PSBCH parsing process may include equalization, demodulation, decoding, etc.

[0073] For sequence-based S-SSB, Seq-PSBCH also carries MIB, but MIB can be carried through the sequence, or MIB can be mapped through the sequence without coding and modulation. Accordingly, the analysis of Seq-PSBCH can be performed based on correlation operations, that is, the sequence carried in PSBCH is determined based on the correlation operation, thereby determining MIB.

[0074] Due to the capability limitation of perception-only terminal devices, the above-mentioned related synchronization schemes may not be able to achieve synchronization between the synesthesia terminal device and the perception-only terminal device when the synesthesia terminal device has selected the traditional synchronization source. Exemplarily, the traditional synchronization source may be GNSS, access network equipment or traditional synchronization reference terminal equipment, and the traditional synchronization reference terminal equipment includes the synesthesia terminal device or traditional terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network equipment. Traditional terminal equipment may refer to a terminal device that has communication capabilities (such as channel coding and decoding and modulation and demodulation capabilities) but does not have perception capabilities.

[0075] For example, Figure 3 As shown, in the case where the synesthesia integrated terminal device has selected the traditional synchronization source, if the subsequent synesthesia integrated terminal device detects the sequence-based S-SSB of the perception-only terminal device, then the perception-only terminal device can be considered as other synchronization reference terminal devices. Based on the existing synchronization source priority order (GNSS>terminal device synchronized with GNSS>access network device>terminal device synchronized with access network device>other synchronization reference terminal devices, or access network device>terminal device synchronized with access network device>GNSS>terminal device synchronized with GNSS>other synchronization reference terminal devices), the synesthesia integrated terminal device will keep the existing synchronization source unchanged, and thus will not synchronize with the perception-only terminal device according to the sequence-based S-SSB of the perception-only terminal device.

[0076] In addition, even if the synesthesia integrated terminal device sends its synchronization information through the traditional S-SSB, due to capability limitations, the perception-only terminal device cannot parse the traditional S-SSB, and thus cannot synchronize with the integrated terminal device based on the traditional S-SSB.

[0077] Based on this, the present application provides a synchronization method. After detecting the sequence-based S-SSB of the perception-only terminal device, the synesthesia integrated terminal device can send a sequence-based S-SSB and carry the current synchronization information of the synesthesia integrated terminal device therein, so that the perception-only terminal device can parse the S-SSB, and thus synchronize with the synesthesia integrated terminal device according to the synchronization information in the S-SSB, so as to reduce or avoid interference between the perception-only terminal device and the synesthesia integrated terminal device.

[0078] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be used for perception scenarios in various systems, which can be a 3GPP communication system, for example, a fifth generation (5G) or sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a communication perception integrated system, an ultra-wideband (UWB) system, a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, or a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT), and other next generation communication systems. The communication system can also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as Wi-Fi, without limitation.

[0079] Among them, the above-mentioned systems and communication scenarios applicable to the present application are only examples. The communication systems and communication scenarios applicable to the present application are not limited to these. They are uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

[0080] See also Figure 4 , is a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system includes a first terminal device and a second terminal device. The first terminal device and the second terminal device are terminal devices of different types, or the first terminal device and the second terminal device have different capabilities.

[0081] Exemplarily, the first terminal device has the sensing capability but does not have the channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities. The second terminal device has the sensing capability as well as the channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

[0082] Exemplarily, the first terminal device may also be called a perception-only terminal device, and the second terminal device may also be called a synaesthesia-integrated terminal device. Of course, the first terminal device and the second terminal device may also have other names, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0083] Optionally, in addition to the first terminal device, the communication system may also include other perception-only terminal devices, such as a third terminal device. In addition to the second terminal device, the communication system may also include other synaesthesia-integrated terminal devices. In addition, the communication system may also include traditional terminal devices, such as terminal devices with communication capabilities but no perception capabilities.

[0084] Among them, the embodiment of the present application assumes that the second terminal device has selected a traditional synchronization source, and the traditional synchronization source may include, for example, GNSS, access network equipment, an integrated terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network equipment, or a traditional terminal device.

[0085] Optionally, the first terminal device and the second terminal device may share a SL resource pool. Alternatively, the first terminal device and the second terminal device may not share a SL resource pool, for example, the first terminal device uses resource pool 1, and the second terminal device uses another resource pool 2.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may be a user-side device with wireless transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system arranged in the device. The terminal device may also be referred to as UE, terminal, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile terminal (MT), user terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc. The terminal device may be, for example, a terminal device in IoT, V2X, D2D, M2M, 5G network, or a public land mobile network (PLMN) to be evolved in the future. The terminal device may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it may also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it may also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.).

[0087] Exemplarily, the terminal device may be a drone, an IoT device (e.g., a sensor, an electric meter, a water meter, etc.), a V2X device, a station (ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device (also referred to as a wearable smart device), a tablet computer or a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart home, or a wireless terminal in a smart city. The terminal device may be a wireless terminal in a home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capability, an intelligent connected vehicle, a drone with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV to UAV, U2U) communication capability, etc. The terminal device may be mobile or fixed, and this application does not make specific restrictions on this.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present application, the access network device may be a network side device with wireless transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system arranged in the device, located in the radio access network (RAN) of the mobile communication system, and used to provide access services for terminal devices. The access network device may be an evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE or evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional macro base station eNB and a micro base station eNB in ​​a heterogeneous network scenario; or it may be a next generation node B (gNodeB or gNB) in a 5G system; or it may be a transmission reception point (TRP); or it may be a base station in a future evolved PLMN; or it may be a broadband network service gateway (BNG), an aggregation switch or a non-3GPP access device; or it may be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN); or it may be an access point (AP) in a WiFi system; or it may be a wireless relay node or a wireless backhaul node; or it may be a device that implements a base station function in IoT, V2X, D2D, or M2M, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. Exemplarily, the base stations in the embodiments of the present application may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0089] In some implementation scenarios, the access network device may also be a module or unit that can implement some or all of the functions of a base station, for example, the access network device may be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU and a DU, a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and the DU may be separately configured, or may be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0090] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, the access network device may be an access network device or a module of an access network device in an open radio access network (open RAN, ORAN) system. In the ORAN system, CU may also be referred to as open (open, O)-CU, DU may also be referred to as O-DU, CU-CP may also be referred to as O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and RU may also be referred to as O-RU. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0091] In some implementation scenarios, the access network device may also be referred to as a RAN node or a RAN device or an access network device, or the access network device may also have other naming methods, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0092] All or part of the functions of the terminal device or access network device in this application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform). The terminal device in this application can also be a logical node, logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the terminal device.

[0093] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to Figure 4 Taking the interaction between the first terminal device and the second terminal device as an example, the synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail.

[0094] like Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a synchronization method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the synchronization method includes the following steps:

[0095] S501. A first terminal device sends a first S-SSB. Correspondingly, a second terminal device receives the first S-SSB from the first terminal device.

[0096] The first S-SSB indicates the first synchronization information. The first S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB. The sequence-based S-SSB can refer to the aforementioned related descriptions and will not be described again here.

[0097] Optionally, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source. Figure 6 As shown, before step S501, the first terminal device may select a first synchronization source, obtain first synchronization information from the first synchronization source, and synchronize with the first synchronization source according to the first synchronization information.

[0098] Exemplarily, the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device. The third terminal device has perception capability, but does not have channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities. It is understandable that since the first terminal device and the third terminal device do not have channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities, the first terminal device and the third terminal device cannot select GNSS, access network equipment, and synesthesia-integrated terminal devices or traditional terminal devices synchronized with GNSS / access network equipment as synchronization sources. That is, the synchronization source of the first terminal device and the third terminal device is not GNSS, access network equipment, and synesthesia-integrated terminal devices or traditional terminal devices synchronized with GNSS / access network equipment.

[0099] Optionally, when the first synchronization source is a third terminal device, the first synchronization source may also be called a perception-only synchronization source. Of course, the first synchronization source may also have other names, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0100] S502: The second terminal device sends a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the second S-SSB from the second terminal device.

[0101] Among them, the second S-SSB indicates the second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source. The second synchronization source includes but is not limited to GNSS, access network equipment, and terminal equipment synchronized with GNSS or access network equipment (such as a telepathic terminal device or a traditional terminal device). Exemplarily, the second synchronization source may also be referred to as a traditional synchronization source.

[0102] Optionally, before step S501, the second terminal device may obtain second synchronization information and perform synchronization according to the second synchronization information. Figure 6 As shown, before step S501, the method further includes: the second synchronization source sends second synchronization information, and accordingly, the second terminal device receives the second synchronization information from the second synchronization source and synchronizes with the second synchronization source according to the second synchronization information.

[0103] Optionally, the second terminal device may be located outside the coverage of the access network device, or may be located within the coverage of the access network device. For example, when the second synchronization source is the access network device, the second terminal device is located within the coverage of the access network device; when the second synchronization source is GNSS and the terminal device is synchronized with the GNSS / access network device, the second terminal device may be located within the coverage of the access network device, or may be located outside the coverage.

[0104] Optionally, in step S501, the second terminal device may learn that the first S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB. Since both the perception-only terminal device and the synesthesia-integrated terminal device can send sequence-based S-SSBs, the second terminal device may determine that the first terminal device may be a perception-only terminal device or a synesthesia-integrated terminal device. In order to enable the first terminal device to learn the second synchronization information, the second terminal device may send a second sequence-based S-SSB, and indicate the second synchronization information and the synchronization source of the second synchronization information as the second synchronization source through the second S-SSB. Since the second S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB, whether the first terminal device is a perception-only terminal device or a synesthesia-integrated terminal device, it can receive and parse the second S-SSB. If the second S-SSB is a traditional S-SSB, then when the first terminal device is a perception-only terminal device, the first terminal device cannot parse the second S-SSB.

[0105] Optionally, the second terminal device may send a second S-SSB to the first terminal device when the signal quality of the first S-SSB is greater than or equal to the first threshold. Exemplarily, the signal quality may be represented by RSRP, reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), etc., which is not specifically limited in this application. The first threshold may be predefined by the protocol, or may be determined by the second terminal device itself, or may be preconfigured by the access network device, or may be preconfigured by the second terminal device when it leaves the factory, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0106] In addition, the second terminal device may also send the second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB in other ways. For example, when the signal quality of the first S-SSB is within a certain signal quality range, the second S-SSB is sent to the first terminal device. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the second terminal device sending the second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the S-SSB.

[0107] Optionally, after receiving the first S-SSB, the second terminal device sends a second S-SSB to indicate the synchronization information (i.e., the second synchronization information) acquired by the second terminal device before receiving the first S-SSB, indicating that the second terminal device did not change the synchronization source after receiving the first synchronization information, that is, it kept the second synchronization source selected previously unchanged. At the same time, it implies that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the synchronization source of the first synchronization information (i.e., the first synchronization source). That is, since the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source, the second terminal device still selects the second synchronization source.

[0108] Among them, the second S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB. Therefore, the first terminal device can parse the second S-SSB to obtain the second synchronization information and the synchronization source of the second synchronization information. Exemplarily, the second S-SSB includes SLSS and PSBCH. SLSS includes S-PSS and S-SSS. PSBCH carries MIB.

[0109] Optionally, the second S-SSB indicating the second synchronization information may include: the second S-SSB includes the second synchronization information. The second synchronization information may be located in the SLSS and / or the MIB. For example, the SLSS maps the information used for OFDM symbol synchronization in the second synchronization information, and the MIB includes the information used for frame synchronization in the second synchronization information.

[0110] Optionally, the second S-SSB indicates the synchronization source of the second synchronization information, which can also be understood as: the second S-SSB indicates the synchronization source type of the second synchronization information. In this case, the second synchronization source can be understood as a synchronization source type rather than a specific device.

[0111] Optionally, since the second synchronization source may be GNSS, access network equipment, or a terminal device synchronized with GNSS or access network equipment, the second S-SSB may also indicate the specific type of the synchronization source of the second synchronization information. For example, when the second synchronization source is GNSS, the second S-SSB may indicate the second synchronization information and the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is GNSS; when the second synchronization source is an access network equipment, the second S-SSB may indicate the second synchronization information and the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is an access network equipment.

[0112] As a possible implementation, the second S-SSB may include indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, or the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is GNSS, access network equipment, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network equipment. The indication information may be located in the MIB of the second S-SSB.

[0113] In the case where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, exemplarily, the indication information may be a 1-bit indication (indicator). When the value of the bit is a preset value (such as "0" or "1"), it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source; or, the indication information may be a flag, and when the second S-SSB includes the flag, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source; or, the indication information may be an enumeration value, and when the value of the enumeration value is a preset value (such as "true"), it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0114] In the case where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is GNSS, access network equipment, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network equipment, exemplarily, the indication information may be a 2-bit indication, and different values ​​of the 2 bits indicate the specific type of the synchronization source of the second synchronization information. For example, the synchronization source of the second synchronization information indicated by the 2-bit value may be as shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1

[0116] 2-bit value The synchronization source of the second synchronization information 00 GNSS 01 Access network equipment 10 Terminal equipment synchronized with GNSS 11 Terminal equipment synchronized with access network equipment

[0117] It should be noted that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information indicated by the 2-bit value may also have other implementations, for example, "00" indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the access network device, and "01" indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is GNSS, etc. This application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0118] As another possible implementation, the synchronization source of the second synchronization information may be indicated by the set to which the sequence corresponding to the SLSS in the second S-SSB belongs. For example, when the sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in the preset sequence set, the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is indicated to be the second synchronization source, or the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is indicated to be the GNSS, the access network device, or the terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network device.

[0119] In the case where the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, exemplarily, two sequence sets (referred to as the first sequence set and the second sequence set) may be predefined, each sequence set including at least one sequence, and the sequences in the sequence set may be used to generate SLSS (S-PSS and / or S-SSS). In addition, the first sequence set and the second sequence set may be defined to correspond to the first synchronization source and the second synchronization source, respectively. That is, when the transmitting end generates SLSS using the sequence in the first sequence set, or when the receiving end detects that the sequence corresponding to the SLSS is a sequence in the first sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the synchronization information indicated by the S-SSB is the first synchronization source. Similarly, when the transmitting end generates SLSS using the sequence in the second sequence set, or when the receiving end detects that the sequence corresponding to the SLSS is a sequence in the second sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the synchronization information indicated by the S-SSB is the second synchronization source.

[0120] In this example, the above-mentioned preset sequence set is the second sequence set. That is, the second terminal device can use the sequence in the second sequence set to generate the SLSS in the second S-SSB. When the first terminal device detects that the sequence corresponding to the SLSS in the second S-SSB is in the second sequence set, it can be determined that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0121] In the case where the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is GNSS, access network equipment, or a terminal device synchronized with GNSS / access network equipment, exemplarily, five sequence sets can be predefined, respectively recorded as sequence sets 1-5. Among them, each sequence set includes at least one sequence, and the sequences in the sequence set can be used to generate SLSS (S-PSS and / or S-SSS). In addition, sequence sets 1-5 can be defined to correspond to the first synchronization source, GNSS, access network equipment, terminal equipment synchronized with GNSS, and terminal equipment synchronized with access network equipment, respectively. At this time, if the sequence corresponding to SLSS is a sequence in sequence set 2, it means that the synchronization source of the synchronization information indicated by S-SSB is GNSS; if the sequence corresponding to SLSS is a sequence in sequence set 3, it means that the synchronization source of the synchronization information indicated by S-SSB is an access network device, and so on.

[0122] S503: The first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information.

[0123] Optionally, the first terminal device may update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information based on the indication that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source. That is, for the first terminal device, if the synchronization source of a certain synchronization information received by it is the second synchronization source, then the first terminal device regards the synchronization information as the latest (or current) synchronization information, that is, the first terminal device updates the synchronization source.

[0124] Exemplarily, the first terminal device may update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information according to the priority order of the synchronization sources, wherein the priority order of the synchronization sources includes that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source.

[0125] Optionally, the first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information, which can also be understood as: the first terminal device synchronizes with the second terminal device according to the second synchronization information. Alternatively, it can also be understood as: the first terminal device updates the synchronization source from the first synchronization source to the second terminal device. Since the synchronization source selected by the second terminal device is the second synchronization source, it can also be considered that the first terminal device updates the synchronization source to the second synchronization source.

[0126] Exemplarily, when the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device, the second terminal device can be used as another synchronization reference terminal device for the first terminal device. Then, according to the priority order: other synchronization reference terminal devices > internal clock, the first terminal device updates the synchronization source to the second terminal device. When the first synchronization source is the third terminal device, both the second terminal device and the third terminal device serve as another synchronization reference terminal devices, but for the first terminal device, the second terminal device is a traditional synchronization source and the third terminal device is a perception-only synchronization source. Therefore, according to the priority order: traditional synchronization source > perception-only synchronization source, the first terminal device updates the synchronization source to the second terminal device.

[0127] Based on this solution, after receiving the first sequence-based S-SSB from the first terminal device, the second terminal device sends a second sequence-based S-SSB, and indicates through the second S-SSB that the synchronization source is the second synchronization information of the traditional synchronization source (i.e., the second synchronization source). Since the second S-SSB is a sequence-based S-SSB, the first terminal device can parse the second S-SSB, thereby obtaining the second synchronization information and its synchronization source, and then update the synchronization information to the second synchronization information, thereby achieving synchronization between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0128] In a possible implementation, in the above step S501, the first S-SSB sent by the first terminal device may be broadcast. In this scenario, there may be multiple second terminal devices. After receiving the first S-SSB, the multiple second terminal devices may send a second S-SSB to indicate their respective synchronization information and the synchronization source of the synchronization information.

[0129] Optionally, the synchronization information of the multiple second terminal devices may be different. For example, there are second terminal device 1 and second terminal device 2, the synchronization information of second terminal device 1 is second synchronization information 1, the synchronization source of second synchronization information 1 is GNSS, and the synchronization information of second terminal device 2 is second synchronization information 2, the synchronization source of second synchronization information 2 is access network equipment.

[0130] As an example, the second terminal device 1 may send a second S-SSB1 to indicate second synchronization information 1 and to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information 1 is a traditional synchronization source, and the second terminal device 2 may send a second S-SSB2 to indicate second synchronization information 2 and to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information 2 is a traditional synchronization source.

[0131] In this scenario, since the second S-SSB sent by multiple second terminal devices can only indicate that the selected synchronization source is a traditional synchronization source, but cannot indicate whether it is a GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS / access network device, the first terminal device can select the second S-SSB with the strongest signal quality among the multiple second S-SSBs sent by multiple second terminal devices, and synchronize according to the synchronization information indicated by the second S-SSB.

[0132] As another example, the second terminal device 1 may send a second S-SSB1 to indicate second synchronization information 1 and to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information 1 is GNSS, and the second terminal device 2 may send a second S-SSB2 to indicate second synchronization information 2 and to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information 2 is an access network device.

[0133] In this scenario, the first terminal device can synchronize with the second terminal device 1 according to the synchronization source priority 1 "GNSS>terminal device synchronized with GNSS>access network device>terminal device synchronized with access network device>other synchronization reference terminal devices>terminal device internal clock" according to the synchronization information 1. Alternatively, the first terminal device can synchronize with the second terminal device 2 according to the synchronization source priority 2 "access network device>terminal device synchronized with access network device>GNSS>terminal device synchronized with GNSS>other synchronization reference terminal devices" according to the synchronization information 2. Among them, whether to use synchronization source priority 1 or synchronization source priority 2 may be defined by the protocol, may be configured by the access network device, or may be determined by the first terminal device itself, without limitation.

[0134] In a possible implementation, in the above step S502, the second S-SSB sent by the second terminal device may be broadcast. In this scenario, in addition to the first terminal device, there may be other perception-only terminal devices (referred to as the fourth terminal device) that can receive the second S-SSB. At this time, the fourth terminal device may also determine the synchronization source as the second terminal device, and synchronize with the second terminal device according to the second synchronization information indicated by the second S-SSB.

[0135] Optionally, before receiving the second S-SSB, the fourth terminal device may select its internal clock or other perception-only terminal device as the synchronization source, and determine that the synchronization information of the synchronization source is the third synchronization information. However, the present application does not limit the need for the fourth terminal device to send a third S-SSB to indicate the third synchronization information. Alternatively, before receiving the second S-SSB, the fourth terminal device may not select any synchronization source. In other words, the implementation of the fourth terminal device is similar to that of the first terminal device, except that the fourth terminal device may not send an S-SSB before receiving the second S-SSB.

[0136] In a possible implementation, the above step S501 may not be performed, and in the above step S502, the second terminal device may directly send the second S-SSB. That is, once the second terminal device selects the second synchronization source, the second terminal device can send the second S-SSB, or, if the second terminal device selects the second synchronization source, the second terminal device can send the second S-SSB when the transmission conditions of the S-SSB defined in the existing protocol are met. That is, the second terminal device does not need to send the second S-SSB according to the signal quality of the sequence-based S-SSB after receiving the sequence-based S-SSB.

[0137] In a possible implementation, in addition to the second S-SSB, the second terminal device may also send a fourth S-SSB, and the fourth S-SSB may be a traditional S-SSB. The fourth S-SSB may indicate the second synchronization information, and may be used for synchronization between the traditional terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0138] It is understandable that in the above embodiments, the methods and / or steps implemented by the terminal device may also be implemented by components (such as processors, chips, chip systems, circuits, logic modules, or software) that can be used in the terminal device. The chip system may be composed of chips, or the chip system may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0139] It is understandable that, in order to realize the above functions, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0140] The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0141] communication device Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 70 is shown. The communication device 70 includes a processing module 701 and a transceiver module 702. The communication device 70 can be used to implement the functions of the first terminal device or the second terminal device.

[0142] In some embodiments, the communication device 70 may further include a storage module ( Figure 7 ), for storing program instructions and data.

[0143] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 702, which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the sending and / or receiving functions. The transceiver module 702 may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

[0144] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 702 may include a receiving module and a sending module, which are respectively used to execute the receiving and sending steps performed by the first terminal device or the second terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and / or used to support other processes of the technology described herein; the processing module 701 may be used to execute the processing steps (such as determination, etc.) performed by the first terminal device or the second terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and / or used to support other processes of the technology described herein.

[0145] When the communication device 70 is used to implement the function of the first terminal device:

[0146] The transceiver module 702 is used to send a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB, the first S-SSB indicating first synchronization information; the transceiver module 702 is also used to receive a second S-SSB from a second terminal device, the second S-SSB indicating second synchronization information and indicating that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS or the access network device; the first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs; the processing module 701 is used to update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information.

[0147] Optionally, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device, the first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

[0148] Optionally, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source. The processing module 701 is used to update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information, including: the processing module 701 is used to update the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information according to the priority order of the synchronization source; the priority order of the synchronization source includes that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source.

[0149] Optionally, the second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

[0150] Optionally, the second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0151] When the communication device 70 is used to implement the function of the second terminal device:

[0152] The transceiver module 702 is used to receive a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB from a first terminal device; the transceiver module 702 is also used to send a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB; wherein the second S-SSB indicates second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS or the access network device; the first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs.

[0153] Optionally, the transceiver module 702 is used to send a second S-SSB to the first terminal device based on the signal quality of the first S-SSB, including: the transceiver module 702 is used to send the second S-SSB to the first terminal device when the signal quality of the first S-SSB is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0154] Optionally, the second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

[0155] Optionally, the second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

[0156] Optionally, the transceiver module 702 is further used to receive second synchronization information from a second synchronization source; the processing module 701 is used to synchronize with the second synchronization source according to the second synchronization information.

[0157] Optionally, the first S-SSB indicates the first synchronization information, the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device, the first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities; the priority of the first synchronization source is lower than the priority of the second synchronization source.

[0158] Among them, all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here.

[0159] In the present application, the communication device 70 may be presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner. The "module" here may refer to a specific application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a circuit, a processor and a memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0160] In some embodiments, when Figure 7 When the communication device 70 is a chip or a chip system, the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 702 can be implemented through the input and output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or the chip system, and the function / implementation process of the processing module 701 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or the chip system.

[0161] Since the communication device 70 provided in this embodiment can execute the above method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0162] As a possible product form, the first terminal device or the second terminal device described in the embodiment of the present application can also be implemented using the following: one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), programmable logic devices (PLD), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits that can perform the various functions described throughout the present application.

[0163] As another possible product form, the first terminal device or the second terminal device described in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by a general bus architecture. Figure 8 , Figure 8 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 800 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 800 includes a processor 801 and a transceiver 802. The communication device 800 may be a first terminal device, or a chip or chip system therein; or, the communication device 800 may be a second terminal device, or a chip or module therein. Figure 8 Only the main components of the communication device 800 are shown. In addition to the processor 801 and the transceiver 802, the communication device may further include a memory 803 and an input and output device (not shown in the figure).

[0164] Optionally, the processor 801 is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the entire communication device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program, so as to implement the method provided in the above method embodiment. The memory 803 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver 802 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna. The radio frequency circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input and output devices, such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.

[0165] Optionally, the processor 801, the transceiver 802, and the memory 803 may be connected via a communication bus.

[0166] When the communication device is turned on, the processor 801 can read the software program in the memory 803, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be sent wirelessly, the processor 801 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and then sends the radio frequency signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device, the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 801. The processor 801 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0167] In another implementation, the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently of the processor performing baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged remotely from the communication device.

[0168] In some embodiments, in terms of hardware implementation, those skilled in the art may imagine that the communication device 70 may be implemented as Figure 8 The form of the communication device 800 is shown.

[0169] As an example, Figure 7 The function / implementation process of the processing module 701 in Figure 8 The processor 801 in the communication device 800 shown calls the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 803 to implement. Figure 7 The function / implementation process of the transceiver module 702 can be Figure 8 The transceiver 802 in the communication device 800 is shown to be implemented.

[0170] As another possible product form, the first terminal device or the second terminal device in the present application can adopt Fig. 9 The structure shown, or including Fig. 9 Parts shown. Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 900 provided in the present application, wherein the communication device 900 may be a first terminal device or a chip or a system on chip in the first terminal device; or, it may be a second terminal device or a module or a chip or a system on chip in the second terminal device.

[0171] like Fig. 9 As shown, the communication device 900 includes at least one processor 901 and at least one communication interface ( Fig. 9 The communication device 900 is merely exemplary and is described by taking a communication interface 904 and a processor 901 as an example. Optionally, the communication device 900 may further include a communication bus 902 and a memory 903.

[0172] The processor 901 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a PLD, or any combination thereof. The processor 901 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0173] The communication bus 902 is used to connect different components in the communication device 900 so that the different components can communicate. The communication bus 902 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig. 9 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0174] The communication interface 904 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks. Exemplarily, the communication interface 904 can be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of implementing communication. Optionally, the communication interface 904 can also be an input / output interface located in the processor 901 to implement signal input and signal output of the processor.

[0175] The memory 903 may be a device with a storage function, used to store instructions and / or data, wherein the instructions may be computer programs.

[0176] Exemplarily, the memory 903 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and / or instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and / or instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0177] It should be noted that the memory 903 may exist independently of the processor 901 or may be integrated with the processor 901. The memory 903 may be located inside the communication device 900 or outside the communication device 900, without limitation. The processor 901 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 903 to implement the method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0178] As an optional implementation, the communication device 900 may further include an output device 905 and an input device 906. The output device 905 communicates with the processor 901 and may display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 905 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 906 communicates with the processor 901 and may receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 906 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

[0179] In some embodiments, in terms of hardware implementation, those skilled in the art may think of the above Figure 7 The communication device 70 shown may be implemented using Fig. 9 The form of the communication device 900 is shown.

[0180] As an example, Figure 7 The function / implementation process of the processing module 701 in Fig. 9 The processor 901 in the communication device 900 shown calls the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 903 to implement. Figure 7 The function / implementation process of the transceiver module 702 can be Fig. 9 The communication interface 904 in the communication device 900 is shown to be implemented.

[0181] It should be noted that Fig. 9 The structure shown does not constitute a specific limitation on the first terminal device or the second terminal device. For example, in other embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device or the second terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or split some components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0182] In some embodiments, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes a processor for implementing a method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0183] As a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a memory. The memory is used to store necessary computer programs and data. The computer program may include instructions, and the processor may call the instructions in the computer program stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments. Of course, the memory may not be in the communication device.

[0184] As another possible implementation, the communication device also includes an interface circuit, which is a code / data read / write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.

[0185] As another possible implementation manner, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device.

[0186] It can be understood that the communication device can be a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0187] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a computer, the functions of any of the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0188] The present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments when executed by a computer.

[0189] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, for the sake of convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0190] It is understood that the systems, devices and methods described in the present application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0191] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, i.e., they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed over multiple network units. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0192] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0193] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or may contain one or more servers, data centers and other data storage devices that can be integrated with the medium. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state drive (SSD)), etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the computer may include the aforementioned device.

[0194] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "one" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions listed in a claim. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0195] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A synchronization method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Sending a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB, wherein the first S-SSB indicates first synchronization information; receiving a second S-SSB from a second terminal device, wherein the second S-SSB indicates second synchronization information and indicates that a synchronization source of the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, wherein the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS or the access network device; the first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs; The synchronization information is updated from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, which is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device. The first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The synchronization source of the first synchronization information is a first synchronization source; and updating the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information includes: The synchronization information is updated from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information according to a priority order of synchronization sources; the priority order of the synchronization sources includes that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method is applied to a first terminal device, which has a sensing capability but does not have a channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capability.

7. A synchronization method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Receiving a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB from a first terminal device; A second S-SSB is sent to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB; wherein the second S-SSB indicates second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS or the access network device; the first S-SSB and the second S-SSB are sequence-based SSBs.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Sending a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB includes: When the signal quality of the first S-SSB is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the second S-SSB is sent to the first terminal device.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: Before receiving the first S-SSB from the first terminal device, the method further includes: receiving the second synchronization information from the second synchronization source; Synchronize with the second synchronization source according to the second synchronization information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: The first S-SSB indicates first synchronization information, and the synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, and the first synchronization source is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device. The first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities; the priority of the first synchronization source is lower than the priority of the second synchronization source.

13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that: The first terminal device has perception capability but does not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that: The method is applied to a second terminal device, which has a sensing capability as well as channel coding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

15. A synchronization method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a communication system, the communication system comprising a first terminal device and a second terminal device; the method comprises: The first terminal device sends a first sidelink synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the first S-SSB indicates first synchronization information, and the first S-SSB is a sequence-based SSB; The second terminal device receives the first S-SSB from the first terminal device; The second terminal device sends a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB; wherein the second S-SSB indicates second synchronization information and the synchronization source indicating the second synchronization information is a second synchronization source, and the second synchronization source is one of the following: a global navigation satellite system GNSS, an access network device, or a terminal device synchronized with the GNSS or the access network device; the second S-SSB is a sequence-based SSB; The first terminal device receives the second S-SSB from the second terminal device, and updates synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The second S-SSB includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source, and the indication information is located in the main information block of the second S-SSB.

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The second S-SSB includes a side link synchronization signal SLSS, and when a sequence corresponding to the SLSS is in a preset sequence set, it indicates that the synchronization source of the second synchronization information is the second synchronization source.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that: The synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source, which is the internal clock of the first terminal device or the third terminal device. The first terminal device and the third terminal device have perception capabilities but do not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The priority of the first synchronization source is lower than the priority of the second synchronization source.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: The second terminal device sending a second S-SSB to the first terminal device according to the signal quality of the first S-SSB, including: When the signal quality of the first S-SSB of the second terminal device is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the second S-SSB is sent to the first terminal device.

21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that: Before receiving the first S-SSB from the first terminal device, the second terminal device also receives the second synchronization information from the second synchronization source and synchronizes with the second synchronization source according to the second synchronization information.

22. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that: The synchronization source of the first synchronization information is the first synchronization source; and the first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information, including: The first terminal device updates the synchronization information from the first synchronization information to the second synchronization information according to a priority order of synchronization sources; the priority order of the synchronization sources includes that the priority of the second synchronization source is higher than the priority of the first synchronization source.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that: The first terminal device has perception capability but does not have channel encoding and decoding and channel modulation and demodulation capabilities.

24. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises a processor; the processor is used to run a computer program or instruction so that the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or so that the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 7 to 14.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs. When the computer instructions or programs are executed on a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 7 to 14 is executed.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions; when part or all of the computer instructions are run on a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 7 to 14 is executed.

27. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a first terminal device and a second terminal device; the first terminal device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-6, and the second terminal device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 7-14.

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