A fire-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material and a method for preparing the same
By introducing modified MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS and modified mica powder into ceramic rubber materials, the problems of insufficient flame retardant properties and ceramicization ability of the materials were solved, and the formation of a hard ceramic body and flame retardant effect at high temperature were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 东莞市广亚新材料有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing ceramic rubber materials are insufficient in terms of flame retardancy and ceramicization capabilities, making it difficult to provide effective safety protection in fire situations.
Using MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS and modified mica powder as the main components, silicon carbide nanosheets and mica powder with layered structures are formed through modification treatment during the preparation process, thereby improving the flame retardant properties and ceramicization ability of the material.
It significantly improves the flame retardancy and wear resistance of the material, forming a hard ceramic body that can effectively insulate heat and oxygen at high temperatures, reduce smoke production, and maintain the hardness and strength of the material.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber materials technology, specifically to a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Ceramic rubber materials are a new type of refractory material, typically composed of rubber materials, ceramic fillers, vulcanizing agents, co-solvents, and structure control agents, which are then melt-blended. Commonly used rubber materials in ceramic rubber materials include butyl rubber, fluororubber, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) rubber, and silicone rubber. Among these, ceramic rubber materials prepared with silicone rubber as the matrix exhibit certain properties such as wear resistance, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, insulation, and flame retardancy. However, simply adding commonly used ceramic fillers and ceramic additives is insufficient to give silicone rubber composites good flame retardancy and ceramicization capabilities, which is detrimental to safety protection in fire situations.
[0003] Ceramicization of rubber materials is an effective method to improve the fire resistance of rubber, helping to obtain a hard, durable, and porous ceramic shell covering the material surface during high-temperature combustion. This shell prevents further combustion of the underlying matrix and can withstand external impacts and vibrations. Therefore, researching and preparing silicone rubber composite materials with higher flame retardancy and ceramicization capabilities for the safety protection of critical facilities is of great significance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material and its preparation method.
[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 15-25 parts of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS, 20-50 parts of modified mica powder, 2-6 parts of boron trioxide, 8-12 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 2-4 parts of coupling agent, and 1.5-2.5 parts of vulcanizing agent;
[0007] Furthermore, the vulcanizing agent is one or both of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane and dicumyl peroxide;
[0008] Furthermore, the coupling agent is one or two of KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570;
[0009] The MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS is prepared by the following steps:
[0010] Step A1: Add silicon carbide nanosheets to a 1.5-2.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stir for 2-3 hours. Centrifuge, wash, and dry to collect the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets. Disperse the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets in deionized water and sonicate for 0.5-1.5 hours. Add chloroacetic acid and sonicate for 2-3 hours. Centrifuge, wash, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets (CSiCNS).
[0011] Step A2: Mix ferric nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, mesitylene benzoic acid and deionized water until homogeneous, then add carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets and stir in a water bath at 55-65℃ for 1 hour. Then transfer to an autoclave and react at 100-120℃ for 8-12 hours. Filter, wash and dry to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS (MIL-100(Fe,Co) supported carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets).
[0012] Furthermore, in step A1, the ratio of silicon carbide nanosheets to hydrochloric acid solution in the pretreatment of silicon carbide nanosheets is 1-3g:3-6mL;
[0013] Furthermore, in step A1, the ratio of pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets, deionized water, and chloroacetic acid used in the carboxylation of silicon carbide nanosheets is 0.5-1.5g:100mL:5-10g;
[0014] Furthermore, in step A2, the ratio of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, tribenzoic acid, deionized water, and carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets is 1-2g: 0.1-0.3g: 0.8-1.8g: 50mL.
[0015] The modified mica powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0016] Step B1: Add 1-vinylimidazolium, diphenyl phosphite and azobisisobutyronitrile to a flask containing toluene, mix and stir until homogeneous, heat to 60-80℃, stir and react for 6-10 hours, filter to obtain the phosphorus-containing product.
[0017] Step B2: Add acetone to the phosphorus-containing product and heat to 45°C. Then slowly add 1,4-dichlorobutane and stir the reaction for 10 hours. Filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative.
[0018] Step B3: Sonicate the mica powder in deionized water for 0.5-1.5 hours, then heat to 75°C and stir for 3-6 hours. Transfer to an ice-water bath and slowly add the aqueous solution of quaternized phosphorus derivative. Stir the reaction for 5-7 hours, then filter, wash, and dry to obtain the modified mica powder.
[0019] Further, in step B1, the ratio of 1-vinylimidazolium, diphenyl phosphite, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene is 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.16-0.49 g: 200 mL;
[0020] Furthermore, in step B2, the ratio of 1,4-dichlorobutane, acetone, and 1-vinylimidazole in step B1 is 0.025-0.075 mol: 100 mL: 0.05-0.15 mol;
[0021] Furthermore, in step B3, the ratio of mica powder, deionized water, and the aqueous solution of quaternized phosphorus derivative is 0.5-2g:80mL:20mL. The aqueous solution of quaternized phosphorus derivative is prepared by mixing and stirring the quaternized phosphorus derivative and deionized water at a ratio of 0.1-0.3g:20mL.
[0022] A method for preparing a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material includes the following steps:
[0023] Step S1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modified mica powder, MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS, hydroxyl silicone oil, coupling agent and boron trioxide into the kneader in sequence, knead at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours, then raise the temperature to 110-130℃ and continue kneading for 1-2 hours, vacuum, discharge, cool, and the mixed rubber compound is obtained.
[0024] Step S2: Mix the rubber compound in a two-roll mill, add vulcanizing agent and mix for 10-15 minutes to obtain flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material.
[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0026] The flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material of this invention is prepared by adding methyl vinyl silicone rubber as the main matrix material, along with MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS, modified mica powder, and other additives. It not only possesses the excellent high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of silicone rubber but also the excellent wear resistance of ceramic materials. MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS is prepared by modifying silicon carbide nanosheets as a substrate, acting as an inorganic flame-retardant component in the matrix to improve the flame-retardant properties of the rubber material. Modified mica powder, as a ceramic filler, not only imparts certain flame-retardant properties to the matrix but also undergoes a melting and eutectic reaction with silicone rubber at high temperatures to form a hard ceramic body, further enhancing the flame-retardant properties of the matrix.
[0027] The MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in this invention is obtained by first treating SiCNS with hydrochloric acid to obtain pretreated SiCNS with hydroxyl groups on the surface, and then reacting the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the pretreated SiCNS with chloroacetic acid to obtain CSiCNS; then using ferric nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, and mesitylene benzoic acid as raw materials, MIL-100(Fe,Co) is loaded onto CSiCNS through a hydrothermal reaction to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS. The introduction of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS leverages the synergistic effect between MIL-100(Fe,Co) and CSiCNS to significantly improve the flame retardant properties of the matrix. This is because the layered silicon carbide nanosheets possess excellent physical barrier properties, forming a protective layer during combustion that isolates heat transfer and prevents the matrix from contacting oxygen, thus providing flame retardancy. Simultaneously, it releases non-flammable or non-combustible gases (such as water vapor, ammonia, and nitrogen), which reduce the oxygen concentration around the matrix, slowing down and inhibiting the combustion reaction. Yes; while MIL-100 (Fe,Co) produces catalytic metal oxides during matrix combustion, which can promote the breakage of Si-CH3 and the coupling of free radicals in the matrix, forming a Si-C-Si cross-linked structure, making the silica produced by combustion more dense, effectively reducing the leakage of smoke particles into the air, and having the function of blocking oxygen and inhibiting smoke generation; in addition, the addition of SiCNS can not only be used as a filler to significantly improve the hardness and strength of rubber materials, making them more wear-resistant, but also improve their high-temperature resistance, so that they can still maintain good performance in high-temperature environments.
[0028] In the modified mica powder, a phosphorus-containing product is first prepared by reacting the double bond in 1-vinylimidazolium with the active hydrogen in diphenyl phosphite. Then, a quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative is prepared by reacting the chlorine group in 1,4-dichlorobutane with the tertiary amine group in the phosphorus-containing product. Finally, the mica powder is intercalated and modified using the bisquaternary ammonium salt cations contained in the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative. After modification, the mica powder is added to the matrix, improving its dispersibility and reducing performance degradation caused by agglomeration, resulting in better reinforcement. Simultaneously, the well-dispersible modified mica powder acts as a ceramic filler in the matrix, capable of melting and eutectic reactions with silicone rubber at high temperatures to form a hard ceramic body, further improving the flame retardant properties of the matrix. Furthermore, after intercalation modification, the mica powder contains phosphite and imidazole structures between its layers or on its surface, which synergistically enhance the flame retardant and smoke-suppressing properties of the matrix. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Example 1: MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS was prepared by the following steps:
[0031] Step A1: Add 1g of silicon carbide nanosheets to 3mL of 2.5mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stir for 2h. Centrifuge, wash, and dry to collect the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets. Then disperse 0.5g of pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets in 100mL of deionized water and sonicate for 0.5h. Add 5g of chloroacetic acid and sonicate for 2h. Centrifuge, wash, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets.
[0032] Step A2: Mix 1g of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, 0.1g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.8g of tribenzoic acid and 50mL of deionized water until homogeneous. Then add carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets and stir in a water bath at 55℃ for 1h. Then transfer to an autoclave and react at 100℃ for 8h. Filter, wash and dry to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS.
[0033] Modified mica powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0034] Step B1: Add 0.05 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.05 mol diphenyl phosphite and 0.16 g azobisisobutyronitrile to a flask containing 200 mL toluene, mix and stir until homogeneous, heat to 60 °C, stir and react for 6 h, filter to obtain the phosphorus-containing product.
[0035] Step B2: Add 100 mL of acetone to the phosphorus-containing product and heat to 45 °C. Then slowly add 0.025 mol of 1,4-dichlorobutane, stir the reaction for 10 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative.
[0036] Step B3: 0.5g of mica powder is ultrasonically stirred in 80mL of deionized water for 0.5h, then heated to 75℃ and stirred for 3h. Then it is transferred to an ice-water bath, and 20mL of quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is slowly added. The reaction is stirred for 5h, filtered, washed and dried to obtain modified mica powder. The quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the quaternized phosphorus derivative and deionized water at a ratio of 0.1g:20mL.
[0037] Example 2: MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS was prepared by the following steps:
[0038] Step A1: Add 2g of silicon carbide nanosheets to 4.5mL of 2mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stir for 2.5h. Centrifuge, wash, and dry to collect the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets. Then disperse 1g of pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets in 100mL of deionized water and sonicate for 1h. Add 7.5g of chloroacetic acid and sonicate for 2.5h. Centrifuge, wash, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets.
[0039] Step A2: Mix 1.5g ferric nitrate nonahydrate, 0.2g cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 1.3g tribenzoic acid and 50mL deionized water until homogeneous, then add carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets, stir in a 60℃ water bath for 1h, then transfer to an autoclave and react at 110℃ for 10h, filter, wash and dry to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS.
[0040] Modified mica powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0041] Step B1: Add 0.1 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.1 mol diphenyl phosphite and 0.32 g azobisisobutyronitrile to a flask containing 200 mL toluene, mix and stir until homogeneous, heat to 70 °C, stir and react for 8 h, filter to obtain the phosphorus-containing product;
[0042] Step B2: Add 100 mL of acetone to the phosphorus-containing product and heat to 45 °C. Then slowly add 0.05 mol of 1,4-dichlorobutane, stir the reaction for 10 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative.
[0043] Step B3: Sonicate 1g of mica powder in 80mL of deionized water for 1h, then heat to 75℃ and stir for 4.5h. Transfer to an ice-water bath and slowly add 20mL of quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution. Stir the reaction for 6h, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified mica powder. The quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the quaternized phosphorus derivative and deionized water at a ratio of 0.2g:20mL.
[0044] Example 3: MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS was prepared by the following steps:
[0045] Step A1: Add 3g of silicon carbide nanosheets to 6mL of 1.5mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stir for 3h. Centrifuge, wash, and dry to collect the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets. Then disperse 1.5g of pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets in 100mL of deionized water and sonicate for 1.5h. Add 10g of chloroacetic acid and sonicate for 3h. Centrifuge, wash, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets.
[0046] Step A2: Mix 2g of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, 0.3g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 1.8g of tribenzoic acid and 50mL of deionized water until homogeneous. Then add carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets and stir in a water bath at 65℃ for 1h. Then transfer to an autoclave and react at 120℃ for 12h. Filter, wash and dry to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS.
[0047] Modified mica powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0048] Step B1: Add 0.15 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.15 mol diphenyl phosphite and 0.49 g azobisisobutyronitrile to a flask containing 200 mL toluene, mix and stir until homogeneous, heat to 80 °C, stir and react for 10 h, filter to obtain the phosphorus-containing product.
[0049] Step B2: Add 100 mL of acetone to the phosphorus-containing product and heat to 45 °C. Then slowly add 0.075 mol of 1,4-dichlorobutane, stir the reaction for 10 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative.
[0050] Step B3: Sonicate 2g of mica powder in 80mL of deionized water for 1.5h, then heat to 75℃ and stir for 6h. Transfer to an ice-water bath and slowly add 20mL of quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution. Stir and react for 7h. Filter, wash and dry to obtain modified mica powder. The quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the quaternized phosphorus derivative and deionized water at a ratio of 0.3g:20mL.
[0051] Example 4: A method for preparing a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material includes the following steps:
[0052] 80 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 15 parts of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 1, 20 parts of modified mica powder prepared in Example 1, 2 parts of boron trioxide, 8 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 2 parts of KH-550, and 1.5 parts of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane.
[0053] Step S1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, and add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modified mica powder prepared in Example 1, MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 1, hydroxyl silicone oil, KH-550 and boron trioxide into the kneader in sequence, knead at 60°C for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 110°C and continue kneading for 1 hour, vacuum, discharge, and cool to obtain the mixed rubber compound;
[0054] Step S2: Mix the rubber compound in a two-roll mill, add 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane and mix for 10 minutes to obtain flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material.
[0055] Example 5: A method for preparing a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material includes the following steps:
[0056] 90 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 20 parts of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 2, 35 parts of modified mica powder prepared in Example 2, 4 parts of boron trioxide, 10 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 3 parts of KH-560, and 2 parts of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane.
[0057] Step S1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, and add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modified mica powder prepared in Example 2, MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 2, hydroxyl silicone oil, KH-560 and boron trioxide into the kneader in sequence, knead at 70°C for 1.5h, then raise the temperature to 120°C and continue kneading for 1.5h, vacuum, discharge, and cool to obtain the mixed rubber compound;
[0058] Step S2: Mix the rubber compound in a two-roll mill, add dicumyl peroxide and mix for 10-15 minutes to obtain flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material.
[0059] Example 6: A method for preparing a flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material includes the following steps:
[0060] 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 25 parts of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 3, 50 parts of modified mica powder prepared in Example 3, 6 parts of boron trioxide, 12 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 4 parts of KH-570, and 2.5 parts of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane;
[0061] Step S1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modified mica powder prepared in Example 3, MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 3, hydroxyl silicone oil, KH-570 and boron trioxide into the kneader in sequence, knead at 80°C for 2 hours, then raise the temperature to 130°C and continue kneading for 2 hours, vacuum, discharge, cool, and the mixed rubber compound is obtained.
[0062] Step S2: Mix the rubber compound in a two-roll mill, add dicumyl peroxide and mix for 15 minutes to obtain flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material.
[0063] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is a ceramic rubber material. The difference from Example 6 is that silicon carbide nanosheets are used instead of the MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS prepared in Example 3. All other aspects are the same.
[0064] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is a ceramic rubber material. The difference between this example and Example 6 is that mica powder is used instead of the modified mica powder prepared in Example 3. All other aspects are the same.
[0065] The ceramic-rubber materials prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance tests:
[0066] Hardness test: The test shall be conducted in accordance with GB / T 531.1-2008 "Test method for indentation hardness of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber - Part 1: Shore hardness test (Shore hardness)";
[0067] Flame retardant performance test: The limiting oxygen index (LOI) was tested according to GB / T 10707-2008.
[0068] Mechanical property testing: Tensile strength and elongation at break were tested according to GB / T 528-2009 standard;
[0069] Ceramicization performance test: The ceramic rubber materials in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were formed into ceramic bodies at 800°C for 50 min, and the appearance of the ceramic bodies was observed.
[0070] The test results are shown in Table 1:
[0071] Table 1: Performance Test Results
[0072] Hardness (degrees) LOI Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation at break (%) Ceramic properties Example 4 75 39.5 6.8 423 The ceramic layer is dense and hard Example 5 77 40.1 7.2 437 The ceramic layer is dense and hard Example 6 80 41.0 7.7 452 The ceramic layer is dense and hard Comparative Example 1 49 27.3 3.6 316 loose ceramic layer Comparative Example 2 51 28.5 3.7 338 loose ceramic layer
[0073] As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramic rubber material prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties, flame retardant properties and hardness, and can form a dense and hard ceramic body after high-temperature calcination.
[0074] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the inventive concept, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 80-100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 15-25 parts of MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS, 20-50 parts of modified mica powder, 2-6 parts of boron trioxide, 8-12 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 2-4 parts of coupling agent, and 1.5-2.5 parts of vulcanizing agent. The MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS is prepared by the following steps: Step A1: Add silicon carbide nanosheets to 1.5-2.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stir for 2-3 hours. Centrifuge, wash, and dry to collect the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets. Then disperse the pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets in deionized water and sonicate for 0.5-1.5 hours. Add chloroacetic acid and sonicate for 2-3 hours. Centrifuge, wash, and freeze-dry to obtain carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets. Step A2: Mix ferric nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, mesitylenic acid and deionized water until homogeneous, then add carboxylated silicon carbide nanosheets, stir in a water bath at 55-65℃ for 1 hour, then transfer to an autoclave and react at 100-120℃ for 8-12 hours. Filter, wash and dry to obtain MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS. In step A1, the ratio of silicon carbide nanosheets to hydrochloric acid solution in the pretreatment of silicon carbide nanosheets is 1-3g: 3-6mL. In step A1, the ratio of pretreated silicon carbide nanosheets, deionized water, and chloroacetic acid used in the carboxylation of silicon carbide nanosheets is 0.5-1.5g:100mL:5-10g. In step A2, the ratio of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, tribenzoic acid, and deionized water is 1-2g: 0.1-0.3g: 0.8-1.8g: 50mL. The modified mica powder is prepared by the following steps: Step B1: Add 1-vinylimidazolium, diphenyl phosphite and azobisisobutyronitrile to a flask containing toluene, mix and stir until homogeneous, heat to 60-80℃, stir and react for 6-10 hours, filter to obtain the phosphorus-containing product. Step B2: Add acetone to the phosphorus-containing product and heat to 45°C. Then slowly add 1,4-dichlorobutane and stir the reaction for 10 hours. Filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the quaternized phosphorus-containing derivative. Step B3: Sonicate the mica powder in deionized water for 0.5-1.5 hours, then heat to 75°C and stir for 3-6 hours. Transfer to an ice-water bath and slowly add the aqueous solution of quaternized phosphorus derivative. Stir the reaction for 5-7 hours, then filter, wash, and dry to obtain the modified mica powder. In step B1, the ratio of 1-vinylimidazolium, diphenyl phosphite, azobisisobutyronitrile, and toluene is 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.16-0.49 g: 200 mL; In step B2, the ratio of 1,4-dichlorobutane, acetone, and 1-vinylimidazole used in step B1 is 0.025-0.075 mol: 100 mL: 0.05-0.15 mol. In step B3, the ratio of mica powder, deionized water, and quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is 0.5-2g:80mL:20mL. The quaternized phosphorus derivative aqueous solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the quaternized phosphorus derivative and deionized water at a ratio of 0.1-0.3g:20mL.
2. The flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanizing agent is one or both of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane and dicumyl peroxide, and the coupling agent is one or both of KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570.
3. A method for preparing the flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight parts, add methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modified mica powder, MIL-100(Fe,Co)@CSiCNS, hydroxyl silicone oil, coupling agent and boron trioxide into the kneader in sequence, knead at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours, then raise the temperature to 110-130℃ and continue kneading for 1-2 hours, vacuum, discharge, cool, and the mixed rubber compound is obtained. Step S2: Mix the rubber compound in a two-roll mill, add vulcanizing agent and mix for 10-15 minutes to obtain flame-retardant silicon carbide ceramic rubber material.