Transmitting information related to radio resource management relaxation state

Abstract

Transmitting information related to a radio resource management relaxation state is disclosed. A method comprising: recording information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a device; generating a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the device in the idle mode or in the inactive mode; and transmitting the message.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following example embodiments relate to wireless communications. Background Art

[0002] Radio resource management relaxation can be used, for example, to enable user equipment to perform mobility-related measurements less frequently. However, incorrect radio resource management relaxation parameters may lead to, for example, connection establishment failures or paging failures. Therefore, it is desirable to avoid incorrect radio resource management relaxation parameters. Summary of the invention

[0003] The scope of protection sought for various example embodiments is set forth by the claims. Example embodiments and features described in this specification that do not fall within the scope of the claims, if any, are to be construed as examples that aid in the understanding of the various embodiments.

[0004] According to one aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the apparatus; generate a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the apparatus in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0005] According to another aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a component for recording information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the apparatus; a component for generating a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the apparatus in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and a component for transmitting the message.

[0006] According to another aspect, a method is provided, comprising: recording, by a device, information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the device; generating, by the device, a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the device in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmitting, by the device, the message.

[0007] According to another aspect, a computer program is provided comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the apparatus; generate a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the apparatus in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0008] According to another aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, the computer-readable medium comprising program instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the apparatus; generate a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the apparatus in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0009] According to another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the apparatus; generate a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the apparatus in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0010] According to another aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information, in which the user equipment has experienced a radio resource management relaxation state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0011] According to another aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a component for receiving a message from a user equipment, the message including information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; a component for determining, based on the information, a cell in which the user equipment has experienced a radio resource management relaxation state; and a component for forwarding the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0012] According to another aspect, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determining a cell in which the user equipment has experienced the radio resource management relaxation state based on the information; and forwarding the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0013] According to another aspect, a computer program comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information, in which the user equipment has experienced a relaxed radio resource management state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0014] According to another aspect, a computer-readable medium comprising program instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information, in which the user equipment experiences a relaxed radio resource management state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0015] According to another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information, in which the user equipment has experienced a relaxed radio resource management state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0016] According to another aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive a message comprising information, the information being related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0017] According to another aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a component for receiving a message including information, the information being related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and a component for adjusting one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state based at least in part on the information.

[0018] According to another aspect, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a message comprising information relating to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjusting, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0019] According to another aspect, a computer program is provided comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message comprising information relating to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0020] According to another aspect, a computer-readable medium comprising program instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message comprising information, the information being related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0021] According to another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions is provided, which, when executed by an apparatus, causes the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message comprising information, the information being related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In the following, various example embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1A An example of a wireless communication network is shown; Figure 1B An example of a system is shown; Figure 2A An example of a radio resource management relaxed configuration scenario is shown; Figure 2B An example of a radio resource management relaxed configuration scenario is shown; Figure 2C An example of a radio resource management relaxed configuration scenario is shown; Figure 3A signal flow diagram is shown; Figure 4 A signal flow diagram is shown; Figure 5 A signal flow diagram is shown; Figure 6 A signal flow diagram is shown; Figure 7 A flow chart is shown; Figure 8 A flow chart is shown; Fig. 9 A flow chart is shown; Fig.10 An example of an apparatus is shown; and Fig.11 An example of an apparatus is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following embodiments are exemplary. Although this specification may refer to "one", "an" or "some" embodiments in multiple places of the text, this does not necessarily mean that each reference refers to the same embodiment, or that a particular feature applies only to a single embodiment. Individual features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments.

[0024] Some example embodiments described herein may be implemented in a wireless communication network including a radio access network based on one or more of the following radio access technologies (RATs): Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or any other second generation radio access technology, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS, 3G) based on basic Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE, Fourth Generation (4G), Fifth Generation (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), Advanced 5G (i.e., 3GPP NR Rel-18 and above), or Sixth Generation (6G). Some examples of radio access networks include Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Radio Access Network (UTRAN), Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRA), or Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN). The wireless communication network may also include a core network, and some example embodiments may also be applied to network functions of the core network.

[0025] It should be noted that these embodiments are not limited to the wireless communication networks given as examples, and those skilled in the art can also apply the solution to other wireless communication networks or systems provided with necessary characteristics. For example, some example embodiments can also be applied to a communication system based on the IEEE 802.11 specification or a communication system based on the IEEE 802.15 specification. IEEE is an abbreviation for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

[0026] Figure 1A An example of a simplified wireless communication network showing some physical and logical entities is depicted. Figure 1A The connections shown in the figure may be physical connections or logical connections. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that a wireless communication network may also include, in addition to Figure 1A Other physical entities and logical entities than those shown in .

[0027] However, the exemplary embodiments described herein are not limited to the wireless communication networks given as examples, but those skilled in the art may apply the embodiments described herein to other wireless communication networks provided with necessary characteristics.

[0028] Figure 1A The example wireless communication network shown in illustrative figures includes an access network, such as a radio access network (RAN), and a core network 110.

[0029] Figure 1A A user equipment (UE) 100, 102 is shown, which is configured to be wirelessly connected to an access node (AN) 104 of an access network on one or more communication channels in a radio cell. AN 104 may be an evolved NodeB (abbreviated as eNB or eNodeB), or a next generation evolved NodeB (abbreviated as ng-eNB), or a next generation NodeB (abbreviated as gNB or gNodeB) providing a radio cell. A wireless connection (e.g., a radio link) from a UE to an access node 104 may be referred to as an uplink (UL) or a reverse link, while a wireless connection (e.g., a radio link) from an access node to a UE may be referred to as a downlink (DL) or a forward link. UE 100 may also communicate directly with UE 102 via a wireless connection commonly referred to as a side link (SL), and vice versa. It should be understood that the access node 104 or its functions may be implemented using any node, host, server, or access point entity suitable for providing such functions.

[0030] An access network may include more than one access node, in which case these access nodes may also be configured to communicate with each other via wired or wireless links. These links between access nodes may be used to send and receive control plane signaling, and also to route data from one access node to another.

[0031] An access node may include a computing device configured to control radio resources of the access node. An access node may also be referred to as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), an access point, a cell site, a radio access node, or any other type of node capable of wirelessly connecting to a UE (e.g., UE 100, 102). An access node may include or be coupled to a transceiver. A connection may be provided from the transceiver of the access node to an antenna unit that establishes a bidirectional radio link to the UE 100, 102. The antenna unit may include an antenna or antenna element, or multiple antennas or antenna elements.

[0032] The access node 104 may also be connected to a core network (CN) 110. The core network 110 may include an evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or a fifth generation core network (5GC). The EPC may include network entities such as a serving gateway (S-GW for routing and forwarding data packets), a packet data network gateway (P-GW) for providing a connection of a UE to an external packet data network, and a mobility management entity (MME). The 5GC may include network functions such as a user plane function (UPF), an access and mobility management function (AMF), and a location management function (LMF).

[0033] The core network 110 can also communicate with one or more external networks 113 (e.g., a public switched telephone network or the Internet) or utilize the services provided by them. For example, in a 5G wireless communication network, the UPF of the core network 110 can be configured to communicate with an external data network via an N6 interface. In an LTE wireless communication network, the P-GW of the core network 110 can be configured to communicate with an external data network.

[0034] The UE 100, 102 shown is a device to which resources on the air interface can be assigned and allocated. The UE 100, 102 may also be referred to as a wireless communication device, a subscriber unit, a mobile station, a remote terminal, an access terminal, a user terminal, a terminal device, or a user equipment, etc. The UE may be a computing device operating with or without a subscriber identity module (SIM), including but not limited to the following types of computing devices: a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a cell phone, a computing device including a wireless modem (e.g., an alarm or measurement device, etc.), a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet, a game console, a notebook, a multimedia device, a reduced capability (RedCap) device, a wearable device with a radio portion (e.g., a watch, a headset, or glasses), a sensor including a wireless modem, or any computing device including a wireless modem integrated in a vehicle.

[0035] It should be understood that a UE may also be an almost exclusively uplink-only device, an example of which may be a camera or camcorder that loads images or video clips to a network. A UE may also be a device with the ability to operate in an Internet of Things (IoT) network, a scenario in which objects may be provided with the ability to transmit data over a network without human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. A UE may also utilize the cloud. In some applications, computation may be performed in the cloud or in another UE.

[0036] The wireless communication network can also support the use of cloud services, for example, at least a portion of the core network operations can be performed as a cloud service (this is in Figure 1A 114). The wireless communication network may also include a central control entity or the like, which provides facilities for wireless communication networks of different operators to collaborate, for example in spectrum sharing.

[0037] 5G enables the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas in access nodes 104 and / or UEs 100, 102, more base stations or access nodes than in LTE networks (the so-called small cell concept), including macro sites operating in conjunction with smaller sites, and the adoption of various radio technologies depending on service needs, use cases and / or available spectrum. 5G wireless communication networks can support a wide range of use cases and related applications, including video streaming, augmented reality, different ways of data sharing and various forms of machine-type applications, such as (massive) machine-type communications (mMTC), including vehicle safety, different sensors and real-time control.

[0038] In a 5G wireless communication network, access nodes and / or UEs may have multiple radio interfaces, namely below 6 GHz, cmWave, and mmWave, and may also be integrated with existing legacy radio access technologies such as LTE. For example, integration with LTE may be implemented as a system in which macro coverage may be provided by LTE, and 5G radio interface access may come from small cells through aggregation to LTE. In other words, a 5G wireless communication network may support inter-RAT operability (such as LTE-5G) and inter-RI operability (inter-radio interface operability, such as below 6 GHz-cmWave-mmWave). One of the concepts considered to be used in a 5G wireless communication network may be network slicing, in which multiple independent and dedicated virtual subnetworks (network instances) may be created within substantially the same infrastructure to run services with different requirements for latency, reliability, throughput, and mobility.

[0039] In some example embodiments, an access node (e.g., access node 104) may include: a radio unit (RU) including a radio transceiver (TRX) (i.e., a transmitter (Tx) and a receiver (Rx)); one or more distributed units (DU) 105 that can be used for so-called layer 1 (L1) processing and real-time layer 2 (L2) processing; and a central unit (CU) 108 (also called a centralized unit) that can be used for non-real-time L2 and layer 3 (L3) processing. The CU 108 can be connected to one or more DUs 105, for example, via an F1 interface. Such an embodiment of the access node can achieve centralization of the CU relative to the cell site and the DU, while the DU can be more distributed and can even be maintained at the cell site. The CU and DU together can also be referred to as a baseband or baseband unit (BBU). The CU and DU can also be included in a radio access point (RAP).

[0040] CU 108 may be a logical node hosting radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), and / or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the NR protocol stack for the access node. DU 105 may be a logical node hosting the radio link control (RLC), medium access control (MAC), and / or physical (PHY) layer of the NR protocol stack for the access node. The operation of the DU may be at least partially controlled by the CU. It should also be understood that the distribution of functions between the DU 105 and the CU 108 may vary depending on the implementation. The CU may include a control plane (CU-CP), which may be a logical node hosting the control plane portion of the RRC and PDCP protocols of the NR protocol stack for the access node. The CU may also include a user plane (CU-UP), which may be a logical node hosting the user plane portion of the PDCP protocol for the CU of the access node and the SDAP protocol.

[0041] The cloud computing system may also be used to provide the CU 108 and / or the DU 105. The CU provided by the cloud computing system may be referred to as a virtual CU (vCU). In addition to the vCU, there may also be a virtualized DU (vDU) provided by the cloud computing system. In addition, there may also be a combination in which the DU may be implemented on a so-called bare metal solution (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a customer specific standard product (CSSP) system on chip (SoC)).

[0042] By leveraging network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined networking (SDN), the edge cloud can be brought into the access network (e.g., RAN). The use of edge cloud can mean that the access node operations are at least partially performed in a computing system of a remote radio head (RRH) or radio unit (RU) that is operatively coupled to the access node. The access node operations can also be performed on a distributed computing system or a cloud computing system located at the access node. The application of the cloud RAN architecture enables RAN real-time functions to be performed at the access network (e.g., in DU 105) and non-real-time functions to be performed in a centralized manner (e.g., in CU 108).

[0043] It should also be understood that in future wireless communication networks, the functional distribution between core network operations and access node operations may be different, or even non-existent, compared to LTE or 5G wireless communication networks. Some other technological advances that may be used include big data and all-IP, which may change the way wireless communication networks are built and managed. 5G (or new radio, NR) wireless communication networks may support multiple layers, where multi-access edge computing (MEC) servers may be placed between the core network 110 and the access node 104. It should be understood that MEC may also be applied in LTE wireless communication networks.

[0044] The 5G wireless communication network ("5G network") may also include non-terrestrial communication networks, such as satellite communication networks, to enhance or supplement the coverage of the 5G radio access network. For example, satellite communications can support data transfer between the 5G radio access network and the core network, thereby achieving wider network coverage. Possible use cases may provide service continuity for machine-to-machine (M2M) or Internet of Things (IoT) devices or passengers on a vehicle, or ensure service availability for critical communications and future rail / sea / air communications. Satellite communications can utilize geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite systems or low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems, in particular giant constellations (systems in which hundreds of (nano) satellites are deployed). A given satellite 106 in a giant constellation can cover several satellite-supported network entities that create a ground cell. A ground cell can be created by a relay access node on the ground or by an access node 104 located on the ground or in a satellite.

[0045] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that Figure 1A The access node 104 depicted in the figure is only an example of a portion of an access network (e.g., a radio access network), and in practice, the access network may include multiple access nodes, UE 100, 102 may access multiple radio cells, and the access network may also include other devices, such as physical layer relay access nodes or other entities. At least one access node may be a home eNodeB or a home gNodeB. A home gNodeB or a home eNodeB is a type of access node that may be used to provide indoor coverage within a home, office, or other indoor environment.

[0046] Furthermore, in a geographical area of ​​an access network (e.g. a radio access network), a plurality of different kinds of radio cells and a plurality of radio cells may be provided. A radio cell may be: a macro cell (or umbrella cell), which may be a large cell with a diameter of up to tens of kilometers; or a small cell, such as a micro cell, a femto cell or a pico cell. Figure 1A The access node(s) may provide any kind of these cells. A cellular radio network may be implemented as a multi-layer access network comprising several radio cells. In a multi-layer access network, one access node may provide one or more radio cells, and therefore multiple access nodes may be required to provide such a multi-layer access network.

[0047] In order to meet the need to improve the performance of the access network, the concept of "plug and play" access nodes can be introduced. In addition to the home eNodeB or home gNodeB, the access network that can use the "plug and play" access node may include the home NodeB gateway or HNB-GW ( Figure 1A(not shown in the figure). The HNB-GW may be installed in the access network of the operator and may aggregate services from a large number of home eNodeBs or home gNodeBs back to the core network of the operator.

[0048] Figure 1B An example of a system in which some example embodiments may be applied is shown. Figure 1B can be understood as describing Figure 1A part of a wireless communications network, but Figure 1B The system includes at least a UE 100 and a plurality of RAN nodes 104, 104B, 104C, 104D (e.g., gNBs) controlling a plurality of cells 121, 122, 123, 124. In this document, the term "cell" refers to a radio cell. Although in Figure 1B Four cells 121, 122, 123, 124 and four RAN nodes 104, 104B, 104C, 104D are shown in FIG, but it should be noted that the number of cells and RAN nodes may also be higher or lower than four.

[0049] With cell selection, the UE 100 searches for a suitable cell in a selected public land mobile network (PLMN) or a selected independent non-public network (SNPN), selects the cell to provide available services, and monitors its control channel. This process is defined as "camping on a cell". If the UE 100 finds a more suitable cell according to the cell reselection criteria, the UE 100 reselects to the cell and camps on the cell. For example, cell reselection can be based on measurement and evaluation of signal strength, quality and / or other parameters of the current serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The UE 100 can autonomously make a decision to reselect a different cell in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, or when the UE experiences a radio link failure.

[0050] In NR Release 17 (Rel-17), the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced a low-complexity and power-efficient UE called Reduced Capability (RedCap) device. RedCap devices may also be referred to as RedCap UEs, NR-Lite devices, or NR-Light devices.

[0051] RedCap devices may have features such as reduced number of transmit and / or receive antennas, reduced bandwidth and low energy consumption compared to non-RedCap UEs. However, RedCap devices may also be associated with certain latency guarantees and service availability requirements.

[0052] Industrial wireless sensors are an example of a RedCap device. It may be desirable to connect industrial wireless sensors to 5G radio access and core networks to increase flexibility, improve productivity and efficiency, and improve operational safety. Industrial wireless sensors may include, for example, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, and / or accelerometers, among others. For industrial wireless sensor use cases, RedCap devices may have the following requirements: communication service availability of at least 99.99%, end-to-end latency less than 100ms, reference bit rate less than 2Mbps (may be asymmetric, e.g., UL large traffic), and the device is expected to be mostly stationary. Batteries may be required to last at least a few years. For safety-related sensors, latency requirements may be more stringent, e.g., 5-10ms.

[0053] Video surveillance cameras are another example of a RedCap device. The deployment of surveillance cameras can benefit, for example, smart city use cases as well as factories and industries to more efficiently monitor and control city or factory resources. The following requirements may apply to video surveillance use cases: reference economic video bitrate of 2-4Mbps, latency less than 500ms, and reliability of at least 99%-99.9%. High-end video applications (e.g., for agriculture) may require video bitrates of 7.5-25Mbps. Note that the traffic pattern may be dominated by UL transmissions.

[0054] Wearable devices (such as smart watches, rings, electronic health-related devices, personal protective equipment, and / or medical monitoring devices) are another example of RedCap devices. The following requirements may apply to wearable devices: The reference bitrate for smart wearable applications is 5-50Mbps in DL and 2-5Mbps in UL, and the peak bitrate of the device may be higher, for example, up to 150Mbps for DL ​​and up to 50Mbps for UL. Additionally, the battery of the wearable device should last for multiple days (e.g., up to 1-2 weeks).

[0055] For example, the energy consumption of the UE can be reduced by reducing the UE measurement frequency so that measurements are performed less frequently. Optimizing the energy consumption of the UE by reducing the measurement frequency can be studied in two branches. The first branch is measurements related to mobility, and the second branch is measurements related to the user plane. Radio Resource Management (RRM) relaxation studies mobility-related measurements. RRM relaxation can also be referred to as RRM measurement relaxation. RRM relaxation includes two components: RRM relaxation triggering and RRM measurement relaxation.

[0056] The RRM relaxation trigger includes one or more criteria for initiating RRM relaxation, which are configured to the UE or obtained by the UE from the serving cell. For example, the RRM relaxation trigger may include at least one of the following criteria: a low mobility criterion, a non-cell edge criterion, or a stationary criterion.

[0057] The low mobility criterion is intended to identify UEs that are in a low mobility state. The low mobility criterion compares the difference in Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) between two time instances (denoted as t and t+x): (RSRPrxRef(t)–RSRPrx(t+x))<S_SearchDeltaP, Where RSRPrx is the current RSRP value of the serving gNB, and RSRPrxRef is a reference RSRP value that can be updated in three different ways. First, RSRPrxRef can be updated to the RSRP value of the serving gNB after selecting or reselecting a new gNB. Second, when the UE moves closer to the cell center, RSRPrxRef can be updated to a new RSRP value, that is, (RSRPrx-RSRPrxRef)>0. Third, if the RRM relaxation criterion is not met within the time period T_SearchDeltaP (represented by x in the above equation), the UE can set the value of RSRPrxRef to the current RSRPrx value. S_SearchDeltaP is a threshold configured for the UE to monitor the received signal changes. The values ​​of S_SearchDeltaP and T_SearchDeltaP can be used to define the mobility level of the UE.

[0058] The non-cell edge criterion is intended to detect whether the UE is at the cell edge of the serving cell. If the non-cell edge criterion is met, it means that the UE is not at the cell edge of the serving cell. In order to detect whether the UE is at the cell edge, the UE may compare the received signal level with a threshold as follows: RSRPrx>S_SearchThresholdP, Where RSRPrx is the current RSRP value of the serving gNB, and S_SearchThresholdP is the RSRP threshold set for the non-cell-edge criterion. The non-cell-edge criterion is met when RSRPrx is above the threshold S_SearchThresholdP (i.e., the UE is not at the cell edge).

[0059] As an alternative to RSRP, the above thresholds and conditions may be configured with a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) value.For example, a parameter called S_SearchThresholdQ may be used instead of S_SearchThresholdP to specify the RSRQ threshold for the non-cell edge criterion.

[0060] The stationary criterion is intended to identify whether the UE is stationary. Compared with the low mobility criterion and the non-cell edge criterion, the stationary criterion can be used to achieve a longer RRM relaxation.

[0061] A given UE may be configured to monitor at least one of the RRM relaxation triggers (criteria). The network (e.g., serving gNB) may independently configure at least one trigger to the UE. In the event that RRM relaxation is triggered relative to its configuration, the UE may apply RRM measurement relaxation.

[0062] There are multiple ways to relax RRM measurements. For example, the UE can relax measurements for a specific set of cells (e.g., the serving cell 121 or one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124), or perform less frequent RRM measurements for a certain cell(s). In other words, in the case of triggering RRM relaxation, the UE can adjust the measurement period for the serving cell 121 and / or one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 so as to perform RRM measurements less frequently. Relaxed measurements with longer intervals (scaling factors) can be configured. For example, the UE can stop RRM measurements for up to 1 hour when RRM relaxation is triggered.

[0063] Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C Some examples of RRM relaxation configuration scenarios are shown.

[0064] Figure 2A An example of an ideal RRM relaxation configuration is shown. Without the RRM relaxation feature, cell reselection is accompanied by two parameters: S_IntraSearchP and S_IntraSearchQ. These parameters can be used to detect whether the UE is in the cell center 201 of the serving cell 121. In the cell center 201, the UE does not perform measurements of neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. Outside the cell center 201, in the area 203 close to the cell edge, the UE performs normal neighboring cell measurements. RRM relaxation introduces a new area 202 between the cell center 201 and the cell edge area 203, where the UE performs less frequent measurements on neighboring cells (compared to the cell edge area 203) when the RRM relaxation configuration is configured. The RRM relaxation area 202 is used as a transition area to the cell edge area 203, where the UE needs to perform non-relaxed measurements when the UE approaches the cell edge.

[0065] Figure 2B An example of a failure setting is shown, where the RRM relaxation threshold (e.g. S_SearchThresholdP) is set too high, so that even when the UE is actually at the cell edge of the serving cell 121, the non-cell edge criterion remains met (i.e., the RRM relaxation region 202 also covers the cell edge region), and therefore the UE does not detect the neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 at the right time.

[0066] Figure 2C An example of a failure setting is shown, where the RRM relaxation threshold (eg, S_SearchThresholdP) is set too low, and therefore RRM relaxation is never initiated.

[0067] RRM relaxation affects UE measurements in RRC idle or inactive mode used during cell reselection. In the case where the RRM relaxation parameter is set to stop the UE from measuring neighboring cells when it should not be stopped (e.g., see Figure 2B ), may cause the following problems: connection establishment failure due to incorrectly set RRM relaxation parameters, or paging reception failure due to incorrectly set RRM relaxation parameters.

[0068] For example, connection establishment failure may occur when the UE has moved into the coverage of another cell 122 and receives severe interference from the new cell 122. When the UE attempts to establish a connection with the last cell 121 where the UE still camps, the connection establishment may fail due to interference.

[0069] Similarly, when the UE has moved to the coverage of another cell 122 and receives severe interference from the new cell 122, paging reception failure may occur. When the serving cell 121 where the UE is camped pages the UE, the UE may not be able to decode the paging message due to interference. After a timeout for the initial paging, the network may attempt to page the UE in one or more neighboring cells 122. As part of the paging retransmission, when the new cell 122 is paging the UE, even if the cell pages the UE when another cell belongs to the registration area of ​​the UE, the UE does not monitor the paging occasions of any other cells outside the camped serving cell 121, and therefore the UE cannot receive the paging message from the new cell 122.

[0070] On the other hand, in the case where the RRM relaxation parameter is set to allow the UE to measure neighbor cells when it should not measure neighbor cells (see, for example, Figure 2C), which may cause UE energy consumption problems, for example, because the UE cannot stop or relax measuring neighboring cells. This misconfiguration destroys the feature of RRM measurement relaxation, which aims to reduce UE energy consumption in situations where measurements do not need to be performed (for example, when the UE is in low mobility and / or is not at the cell edge).

[0071] As such, the settings of the parameters controlling the RRM relaxation trigger (e.g., S_SearchDeltaP and T_SearchDeltaP for low mobility criteria and / or S_SearchThresholdP or S_SearchThresholdQ for non-cell edge criteria) need to be properly configured so that the above problems are avoided while UE energy saving is maximized.

[0072] When a connection establishment failure is experienced, the UE can use the idle logging mechanism to report this failure to the network using the ConnEstFailReport message. Using the reported information, the network knows that the connection establishment failed and can understand that it is related to the incorrect setting of the UE's neighboring cell measurements. However, based only on the connection establishment failure report, the network will not know the root cause of the connection establishment failure. Therefore, the network does not know which specific parameter is set incorrectly. For example, a connection establishment failure may be caused by incorrect cell reselection parameters (e.g., S_IntraSearchP and S_IntraSearchQ) or incorrect RRM relaxation parameters (e.g., S_SearchDeltaP, T_SearchDeltaP, S_SearchThresholdP).

[0073] Some example embodiments may enable the network to perform root cause analysis of incorrect settings of RRM relaxation parameters and adjust them accordingly. For example, in the UE information report, the UE may include information on the UE's RRM relaxation state and performance indicators related to connection establishment failure or paging failure and RRM relaxation monitoring efficiency, so that the network can optimize the network configuration for the RRM relaxation function. In the following example embodiments, UE and network related signaling are defined to be able to optimize the parameters that control RRM relaxation. Connection setup failure (hereinafter also referred to as connection establishment failure) may include RRC connection establishment failure when the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, and RRC connection recovery failure when the UE is in inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) mode.

[0074] However, without limiting the example embodiments to 5G radio access technology, some example embodiments are described below using the principles and terminology of 5G radio access technology.

[0075] Figure 3A signal flow diagram according to an example embodiment for solving the connection establishment failure problem is shown. In this example embodiment, the connection establishment failure report can be enhanced to include information related to the RRM relaxation state. This example embodiment can enable the network to perform closed-loop optimization of RRM relaxation parameters and thus help minimize connection establishment failures caused by incorrect configuration of RRM relaxation parameters.

[0076] refer to Figure 3 , at 301, the UE 100 enters an idle (RRC_IDLE) mode or an inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) mode. The UE 100 may be a reduced capability (RedCap) device or any other type of UE.

[0077] At 302, source network node 104 transmits or broadcasts system information including one or more radio resource management (RRM) relaxation parameters on cell 121 controlled by source network node 104. UE 100 receives system information from source network node 104 on cell 121 where UE 100 is currently camped.

[0078] For example, the one or more RRM relaxation parameters may include at least one of the following: S_SearchDeltaP, T_SearchDeltaP, S_SearchThresholdP, or S_SearchThresholdQ.

[0079] S_SearchDeltaP specifies the threshold (eg, in decibels) for received signal level change for the low mobility criterion.

[0080] T_SearchDeltaP specifies the time period for evaluating received signal level changes for the low mobility criterion.

[0081] S_SearchThresholdP specifies the received signal level threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0082] S_SearchThresholdQ specifies the received signal quality threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0083] At 303, the UE 100 enters an RRM relaxation state due to satisfying at least one RRM relaxation trigger associated with one or more RRM relaxation parameters. The at least one RRM relaxation trigger may include at least one of the following: a low mobility criterion, a stationary criterion, or a non-cell edge criterion. For example, due to moving in the cell 121, the UE 100 may satisfy the non-cell edge criterion. In the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 performs less frequent measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ measurements) of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, and the UE 100 may delay cell reselection due to the less frequent measurements.

[0084] At 304 , based on entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 records information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 .

[0085] For example, before or when entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may record one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the serving cell 121 and / or one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state. In other words, the UE 100 may record the last measurement of the serving cell 121 and the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The last cell measurement may be a trace of measurements collected over a specific period of time. The serving cell 121 may also be referred to herein as a source cell.

[0086] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the time of entering the RRM Relaxation state.

[0087] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record at least one RRM relaxation trigger that is satisfied and thus causes entry into the RRM relaxation state.

[0088] At 305, the UE 100 may exit the RRM relaxation state. For example, due to the UE 100 moving in the cell 121 (eg, due to moving to a cell edge), at least one RRM relaxation trigger is no longer satisfied.

[0089] Alternatively, the UE 100 may remain in the RRM Relaxed state until the UE enters the Connected mode (eg, until 311).

[0090] At 306, the UE 100 may record information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 based on exiting the RRM relaxation state. For example, the UE 100 may record the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the duration of being in the RRM relaxation state.

[0091] After exiting the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may continue measurements.

[0092] At 307, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the source network node 104 controlling the cell 121 where the UE 100 is camped. With the RRC setup request message, the UE 100 requests to establish an RRC connection with the source network node 104.

[0093] At 308, the RRC connection establishment fails because the UE 100 is too far away from the serving cell 121 and therefore the source network node 104 cannot decode the RRC setup request message.

[0094] At 309, the UE 100 generates a message (referred to herein as an RRM relaxation report) including log information related to an RRM relaxation state, wherein the message is generated based on an RRC connection establishment failure of the UE 100 in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0095] For example, the information in the RRM relaxation report may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the RRM relaxation state; the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state; the duration of the RRM relaxation state; at least one RRM relaxation trigger causing entry into the RRM relaxation state; an identifier of the service cell 121, at which one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger are obtained; or one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger.

[0096] It should be noted that the source network node 104 may store (e.g., in a log) at 302 one or more RRM relaxation parameters configured to the UE 100. In this case, the UE 100 does not need to include the one or more RRM relaxation parameters in the RRM relaxation report because they are already known to the source network node 104.

[0097] The RRM relaxation report may also include: one or more radio measurements of the serving cell 121 obtained before entering the RRM relaxation state in the serving cell 121, one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 obtained before entering the RRM relaxation state in the serving cell 121, and information related to connection establishment failure in the serving cell 121.

[0098] At 310, the UE 100 performs a cell reselection procedure to reselect one of the neighboring cells (e.g., the neighboring cell 122) controlled by the target network node 104B (i.e., to make the neighboring cell 122 a new serving cell for the UE 100). For example, the cell reselection may be based on new measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired during the RRM relaxation state or after exiting the RRM relaxation state.

[0099] At 311, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the target network node 104B controlling the neighboring cell 122. The RRC setup request message is transmitted to the target network node 104B indicating the availability of the recorded measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The target network node 104B receives the RRC setup request message from the UE 100.

[0100] At 312, the target network node 104B transmits a UE information request message to the UE 100 to request the UE 100 to report measurements.

[0101] At 313, in response to receiving the UE information request message, the UE 100 transmits a UE information response message to the target network node 104B, wherein the UE information response message includes a connection establishment failure report (ConnEstFailReport) message, which includes an RRM relaxation report. In other words, the RRM relaxation report is transmitted to the neighboring cell 122 based on at least performing cell reselection. The target network node 104B receives the UE information response message.

[0102] Alternatively, the RRM Slack Report may be transmitted as a separate message instead of being included in the ConnEstFailReport message.

[0103] At 314, the target network node 104B determines an identity of the source cell 121 in which the UE 100 experiences an RRM relaxation state based on the information in the RRM relaxation report. For example, the identity of the source cell 121 may be included in the RRM relaxation report, and the target network node 104B may then map the identity of the source cell 121 to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121.

[0104] At 315, based on the determination, the target network node 104B forwards a connection establishment failure report to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121. The source network node 104 receives the connection establishment failure report including the RRM slack report.

[0105] At 316, source network node 104 adjusts or optimizes one or more RRM relaxation parameters associated with triggering an RRM relaxation state based at least in part on information in the RRM relaxation report of UE 100. As an example, source network node 104 may reduce the S_SearchThresholdP parameter to enable the UE to detect the cell edge of serving cell 121 earlier and thereby avoid future failures to establish a connection on serving cell 121. Prior to performing the adjustment or optimization, source network node 104 may collect RRM relaxation reports from multiple UEs.

[0106] For example, if the RRM relaxation report indicates at least one RRM relaxation trigger that caused the UE 100 to enter an RRM relaxation state, this information may enable root cause analysis and optimization of one or more RRM relaxation parameters.

[0107] For example, the source network node 104 may use a self-organizing network (SON) mechanism or artificial intelligence or machine learning techniques to optimize one or more RRM relaxation parameters.

[0108] The source network node 104 may transmit the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters to one or more other UEs 102 in the source cell 121 (e.g., in system information). Since the UE 100 is no longer in the source cell 121, the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters may not be transmitted to the UE 100. However, if the UE 100 reselects back to the source cell 121, the UE 100 may receive the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters from the source network node 104.

[0109] Figure 4 A signal flow chart for solving the connection establishment failure problem and partially solving the paging failure problem according to an example embodiment is shown. If the connection establishment fails or if the UE fails to decode the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for paging, and if the UE selects the same cell as its serving cell in idle mode within a certain time limit after the failure, the UE can disable the RRM relaxation function to identify the best cell for reselection, thereby avoiding further failures. The network can configure the UE to enable or disable this capability (for example, using an additional parameter called "disable relaxation monitoring after failure"). In this case, the UE can report this "fallback" state in the next connection establishment via the new cell as an additional parameter in the RRC message on the new cell.

[0110] refer to Figure 4, at 401, the UE 100 enters an idle (RRC_IDLE) mode or an inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) mode. The UE 100 may be a reduced capability (RedCap) device or any other type of UE.

[0111] The idle mode refers to a state in which the UE is not connected to any cell. The inactive mode refers to a state in which the UE 100 maintains its connection with the network but suspends data transmission to save energy.

[0112] At 402, source network node 104 transmits or broadcasts system information including one or more radio resource management (RRM) relaxation parameters on cell 121 controlled by source network node 104. UE 100 receives system information from source network node 104 on cell 121 where UE 100 is currently camped.

[0113] For example, the one or more RRM relaxation parameters may include at least one of the following: S_SearchDeltaP, T_SearchDeltaP, S_SearchThresholdP, or S_SearchThresholdQ.

[0114] S_SearchDeltaP specifies the threshold (eg, in decibels) for received signal level change for the low mobility criterion.

[0115] T_SearchDeltaP specifies the time period for evaluating received signal level changes for the low mobility criterion.

[0116] S_SearchThresholdP specifies the received signal level threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0117] S_SearchThresholdQ specifies the received signal quality threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0118] At 403, the UE 100 enters an RRM relaxation state due to satisfying at least one RRM relaxation trigger associated with one or more RRM relaxation parameters. The at least one RRM relaxation trigger may include at least one of the following: a low mobility criterion, a stationary criterion, or a non-cell edge criterion. For example, due to moving in the cell 121, the UE 100 may satisfy the non-cell edge criterion. In the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 performs less frequent measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ measurements) of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, and the UE 100 may delay cell reselection due to the less frequent measurements.

[0119] At 404 , based on entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 records information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 .

[0120] For example, before or upon entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may record one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the serving cell 121 and / or one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state. In other words, the UE 100 may record the last measurements of the serving cell 121 and the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The serving cell 121 may also be referred to herein as a source cell. The last cell measurements may be a trace of measurements collected over a specific period of time.

[0121] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the time of entering the RRM Relaxation state.

[0122] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record at least one RRM relaxation trigger that is satisfied and thus causes entry into the RRM relaxation state.

[0123] At 405, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the source network node 104 controlling the cell 121 where the UE 100 is camped. With the RRC setup request message, the UE 100 requests to establish an RRC connection with the source network node 104.

[0124] At 406, the RRC connection establishment fails because the UE 100 is too far away from the serving cell 121 and therefore the source network node 104 cannot decode the RRC setup request message.

[0125] At 407 , the UE 100 performs a cell reselection procedure, but it ultimately reselects the same serving cell 121 controlled by the source network node 104 .

[0126] At 408, the UE 100 disables the RRM relaxation function based on reselecting the same serving cell 121 within a predetermined time limit after connection establishment failure in the serving cell 121. Disabling the RRM relaxation function means that the UE 100 cannot enter the RRM relaxation state when the RRM relaxation function is disabled.

[0127] At 409, the UE 100 may exit the RRM relaxation state due to disabling the RRM relaxation function.

[0128] At 410, the UE 100 may record information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 based on exiting the RRM relaxation state. For example, the UE 100 may record the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the duration of being in the RRM relaxation state.

[0129] After exiting the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may continue measurements.

[0130] At 411, the UE 100 generates a message (referred to herein as an RRM relaxation report) including log information related to the RRM relaxation state, wherein the message is generated based on a failure of establishing an RRC connection of the UE 100 in an idle mode or an inactive mode and based on exiting the RRM relaxation state.

[0131] For example, the information in the RRM relaxation report may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the RRM relaxation state; the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state; the duration of the RRM relaxation state; at least one RRM relaxation trigger causing entry into the RRM relaxation state; an identifier of the service cell 121, at which one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger are obtained; or one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger.

[0132] The RRM relaxation report may also include: one or more radio measurements of the serving cell 121 obtained before entering the RRM relaxation state in the serving cell 121, one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 obtained before entering the RRM relaxation state in the serving cell 121, and information related to connection establishment failure in the serving cell 121.

[0133] The RRM relaxation report may also include an indication indicating that the RRM relaxation function is disabled.

[0134] At 412, the UE 100 performs a cell reselection procedure to reselect a neighboring cell 122 controlled by the target network node 104B. For example, the cell reselection procedure 412 may be based on new measurements of the source cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired during or after exiting the RRM relaxation state.

[0135] At 413, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the target network node 104B controlling the neighboring cell 122. The RRC setup request message is transmitted to the target network node 104B indicating the availability of the recorded measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The target network node 104B receives the RRC setup request message from the UE 100.

[0136] At 414, the target network node 104B transmits a UE information request message to the UE 100 to request the UE 100 to report measurements.

[0137] At 415, in response to receiving the UE information request message, the UE 100 transmits a UE information response message to the target network node 104B, wherein the UE information response message includes a connection establishment failure report (ConnEstFailReport) message, which includes an RRM relaxation report. In other words, the RRM relaxation report is transmitted to the neighboring cell 122 based on at least performing cell reselection. The target network node 104B receives the UE information response message.

[0138] The target network node 104B may forward the connection establishment failure report to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121 .

[0139] The source network node 104 may adjust or optimize one or more RRM relaxation parameters associated with triggering the RRM relaxation state based at least in part on the information in the RRM relaxation report.

[0140] Figure 5 A signal flow diagram for solving the paging failure problem according to an example embodiment is shown. The UE may indicate to the target network node whether it is in an RRM relaxation state after it reselects a new cell. If the new cell is served by a new network node, the new network node may inform the neighboring network nodes or the AMF about the possibility that the UE may miss receiving a paging message. The AMF and the network node may use this information to re-initiate paging or a RAN paging procedure. This example embodiment may enable the network to perform a closed-loop optimization of the RRM relaxation parameters and thus help minimize paging failures caused by incorrect configuration of the RRM relaxation parameters.

[0141] refer to Figure 5 , at 501, the UE 100 enters an idle (RRC_IDLE) mode or an inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) mode. The UE 100 may be a reduced capability (RedCap) device or any other type of UE.

[0142] At 502, source network node 104 transmits or broadcasts system information including one or more radio resource management (RRM) relaxation parameters on cell 121 controlled by source network node 104. UE 100 receives system information from source network node 104 on cell 121 where UE 100 is currently camped.

[0143] For example, the one or more RRM relaxation parameters may include at least one of the following: S_SearchDeltaP, T_SearchDeltaP, S_SearchThresholdP, or S_SearchThresholdQ.

[0144] S_SearchDeltaP specifies the threshold (eg, in decibels) for received signal level change for the low mobility criterion.

[0145] T_SearchDeltaP specifies the time period for evaluating received signal level changes for the low mobility criterion.

[0146] S_SearchThresholdP specifies the received signal level threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0147] S_SearchThresholdQ specifies the received signal quality threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0148] At 503, the UE 100 enters an RRM relaxation state due to satisfying at least one RRM relaxation trigger associated with one or more RRM relaxation parameters. The at least one RRM relaxation trigger may include at least one of the following: a low mobility criterion, a stationary criterion, or a non-cell edge criterion. For example, due to moving in the cell 121, the UE 100 may satisfy the non-cell edge criterion. In the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 performs less frequent measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ measurements) of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, and the UE 100 may delay cell reselection due to the less frequent measurements.

[0149] At 504 , based on entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 records information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 .

[0150] For example, before or upon entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may record one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the serving cell 121 and / or one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state. In other words, the UE 100 may record the last measurements of the serving cell 121 and the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The serving cell 121 may also be referred to herein as a source cell. The last cell measurements may be a trace of measurements collected over a specific period of time.

[0151] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the time of entering the RRM Relaxation state.

[0152] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record at least one RRM relaxation trigger that is satisfied and thus causes entry into the RRM relaxation state.

[0153] At 505, source network node 104 transmits a paging message to UE 100. Source network node 104 may store information indicating the time at which it transmits the paging message.

[0154] At 506, another network node 104B that controls another cell 122 within the registration area of ​​the UE 100 transmits a paging message to the UE 100. The network node 104B may store information indicating the time at which it transmitted the paging message.

[0155] In other words, at 505 and 506, the network pages the UE 100 within the registration area of ​​the UE 100 when the UE is in the RRM relaxation state.

[0156] At 507, UE 100 fails to decode the paging message (e.g., because the UE is too far from the serving cell 121 and because the UE does not monitor paging events of other cells 122). For example, UE 100 may miss the paging due to a failure to decode downlink control information (DCI) associated with the paging message. As another example, UE 100 may decode the DCI but may not decode the PDSCH carrying the paging message directed to UE 100.

[0157] At 508, the UE 100 may exit the RRM relaxation state. For example, due to the UE 100 moving in the cell 121 (eg, due to moving to a cell edge), at least one RRM relaxation trigger is no longer satisfied.

[0158] Alternatively, the UE 100 may remain in the RRM Relaxed state until the UE enters the Connected mode (eg, until 512).

[0159] At 509, the UE 100 may record information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 based on exiting the RRM relaxation state. For example, the UE 100 may record the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the duration of being in the RRM relaxation state.

[0160] After exiting the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may continue measurements.

[0161] At 510, the UE 100 generates a message (referred to herein as an RRM relaxation report) including log information related to an RRM relaxation state, wherein the message is generated based on a paging failure of the UE 100 in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0162] For example, the information in the RRM relaxation report may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the RRM relaxation state; the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state; the duration of the RRM relaxation state; at least one RRM relaxation trigger causing entry into the RRM relaxation state; an identifier of the serving cell 121, at which one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger are obtained; or one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger; one or more radio measurements of the serving cell 121 obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state; or one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state.

[0163] It should be noted that the source network node 104 may store at 502 (e.g., in a log) one or more RRM relaxation parameters configured to the UE 100. In this case, the UE 100 does not need to include the one or more RRM relaxation parameters in the RRM relaxation report because they are already known to the source network node 104.

[0164] At 511, the UE 100 performs a cell reselection procedure to reselect a neighboring cell 122 controlled by the target network node 104B. For example, the cell reselection may be based on new measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which are acquired during or after exiting the RRM relaxation state.

[0165] At 512, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the target network node 104B controlling the neighboring cell 122. The target network node 104B receives the RRC setup request message from the UE 100.

[0166] At 513, the target network node 104B transmits an RRC setup message to the UE 100 to establish a connection between the UE 100 and the target network node 104B.

[0167] At 514, UE 100 transmits an RRC setup complete message to target network node 104B to indicate that the connection between UE 100 and target network node 104B is successfully established, wherein the RRC setup complete message includes an RRM relaxation report. In other words, the RRM relaxation report is transmitted to the neighboring cell 122 based on at least performing cell reselection. Target network node 104B receives the RRC setup complete message.

[0168] The RRC setup complete message may also include an indication indicating whether a paging message was received by UE 100 within a predefined duration before establishing a connection to target network node 104B or before exiting the RRM relaxation state. In this example, the indication may indicate that a paging message was not received by UE 100 within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the RRM relaxation state. The predefined duration may be configured to UE 100 by the network (e.g., by source network node 104).

[0169] For example, if the new cell 122 belongs to the same registration area (RA) or RAN notification area as the source cell 121, the UE 100 may transmit the indication to the target network node 104B. If the indication is transmitted to a cell outside the RA, the cell may forward the information to one or more network nodes in the RA of the UE 100.

[0170] Alternatively or additionally, after receiving a paging indication in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), the UE 100 may report a failure to decode the PDSCH for paging. The network may use this information to infer that the paging decoding failure occurred before the cell reselection in the cell 121 where the UE 100 previously camped. This information may also be used to adjust or fine-tune the RRM relaxation parameters.

[0171] At 515, the target network node 104B determines an identity of the source cell 121 in which the UE 100 experiences an RRM relaxation state based on the information in the RRM relaxation report. For example, the identity of the source cell 121 may be included in the RRM relaxation report, and the target network node 104B may then map the identity of the source cell 121 to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121.

[0172] The target network node 104B may also determine whether the target network node 104B transmits a paging message to the UE 100 (at 506) before the connection between the UE 100 and the target network node 104B is established or before the UE 100 exits the RRM relaxation state within the predefined duration. Based on determining that the target network node 104B transmits a paging message to the UE 100 within the predefined duration (but the UE 100 fails to receive the paging message), the target network node 104B may forward the RRM relaxation report to the source network node 104. In other words, even if the target network node 104B transmits a paging message during the predefined duration, if the UE 100 indicates to the target network node 104B that no paging message has been received within the predefined duration, the target network node 104B may inform the source network node 104 (or AMF) whether the UE 100 is assumed to have received a paging message during the predefined duration.

[0173] Alternatively, if the target network node 104B does not transmit a paging message to the UE 100 at 506, then after decoding the source cell identifier, the target network node 104B may directly forward the RRM relaxation report (related to the paging failure) to the source network node 104.

[0174] At 516, based on the determination, the target network node 104B forwards the connection establishment failure report to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121. The source network node 104 receives the connection establishment failure report including the RRM slack report.

[0175] At 517, source network node 104 adjusts or optimizes one or more RRM relaxation parameters associated with triggering an RRM relaxation state based at least in part on information in the RRM relaxation reports. Prior to performing the adjustment or optimization, source network node 104 may collect RRM relaxation reports from a plurality of UEs.

[0176] For example, even if the target network node 104B transmits paging messages to the UE 100 within the predefined duration, if the UE 100 indicates that it has not received any paging messages within the predefined duration, the source network node 104 may perform adjustments or optimizations.

[0177] If UE 100 is not paged by target network node 104B within the predefined duration, source network node 104 may determine whether source network node 104 transmits a paging message to UE 100 within the predefined duration before a connection between UE 100 and target network node 104B is established or before UE 100 exits the RRM relaxation state (at 505). In other words, source network node 104 may determine whether UE 100 has been paged within the predefined duration in which the UE reports that it has not received any paging message. One or more RRM relaxation parameters may be adjusted based on determining that source network node 104 transmits a paging message to UE 100 within the predefined duration (i.e., if the UE is paged on serving cell 121 within the predefined duration, it is determined that paging failed and RRM parameters are optimized). If the UE is not paged, failure is not defined and no optimization is required.

[0178] For example, the source network node 104 may use a self-organizing network (SON) mechanism or artificial intelligence or machine learning techniques to optimize one or more RRM relaxation parameters.

[0179] The source network node 104 may transmit the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters to one or more other UEs 102 in the source cell 121 (e.g., in system information). Since the UE 100 is no longer in the source cell 121, the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters may not be transmitted to the UE 100. However, if the UE 100 reselects back to the source cell 121, the UE 100 may receive the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters from the source network node 104.

[0180] Figure 6 A signal flow diagram for solving the energy consumption problem according to an example embodiment is shown. The UE may compile an RRM relaxation report, which is transmitted to the network or obtained by the network, for example during or after connection establishment. The RRM relaxation report may indicate the amount of energy saved when the UE is in an RRM relaxation state. The RRM relaxation report may also indicate, for example, the duration of the RRM relaxation state and measurements related to the RRM relaxation.

[0181] refer to Figure 6 , at 601, the UE 100 enters an idle (RRC_IDLE) mode or an inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) mode. The UE 100 may be a reduced capability (RedCap) device or any other type of UE.

[0182] The UE 100 may be configured by the network to perform RRM relaxation reporting, for example when in idle or inactive mode, using an RRC release message (releasing a connection of the UE 100 or moving a connection to RRC idle or inactive mode) to record information related to the RRM relaxation state.

[0183] At 602, source network node 104 transmits or broadcasts system information including one or more radio resource management (RRM) relaxation parameters on cell 121 controlled by source network node 104. UE 100 receives system information from source network node 104 on cell 121 where UE 100 is currently camped.

[0184] For example, the one or more RRM relaxation parameters may include at least one of the following: S_SearchDeltaP, T_SearchDeltaP, S_SearchThresholdP, or S_SearchThresholdQ.

[0185] S_SearchDeltaP specifies the threshold (eg, in decibels) for received signal level change for the low mobility criterion.

[0186] T_SearchDeltaP specifies the time period for evaluating received signal level changes for the low mobility criterion.

[0187] S_SearchThresholdP specifies the received signal level threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0188] S_SearchThresholdQ specifies the received signal quality threshold (eg, in decibels) for the non-cell-edge criterion.

[0189] At 603, the UE 100 enters an RRM relaxation state due to satisfying at least one RRM relaxation trigger associated with one or more RRM relaxation parameters. The at least one RRM relaxation trigger may include at least one of the following: a low mobility criterion, a stationary criterion, or a non-cell edge criterion. For example, due to moving in the cell 121, the UE 100 may satisfy the non-cell edge criterion. In the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 performs less frequent measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ measurements) of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, and the UE 100 may delay cell reselection due to the less frequent measurements.

[0190] At 604 , based on entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 records information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 .

[0191] For example, before or after entering the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may record one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the serving cell 121 and / or one or more radio measurements (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ) of the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which were acquired in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state. In other words, the UE 100 may record the last measurements of the serving cell 121 and the one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The serving cell 121 may also be referred to herein as a source cell. The last cell measurements may be a trace of measurements collected over a specific period of time.

[0192] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the time of entering the RRM Relaxation state.

[0193] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record at least one RRM relaxation trigger that is satisfied and thus causes entry into the RRM relaxation state.

[0194] At 605, the UE 100 may exit the RRM relaxation state. For example, due to the UE 100 moving in the cell 121 (eg, due to moving to a cell edge), at least one RRM relaxation trigger is no longer satisfied.

[0195] Alternatively, the UE 100 may remain in the RRM Relaxed state until the UE enters the Connected mode (eg, until 609).

[0196] At 606, the UE 100 may record information related to the RRM relaxation state of the UE 100 based on exiting the RRM relaxation state. For example, the UE 100 may record the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 100 may record the duration of being in the RRM relaxation state.

[0197] After exiting the RRM relaxation state, the UE 100 may continue measurements.

[0198] At 607, the UE 100 generates a message (referred to herein as an RRM relaxation report) including logging information related to the RRM relaxation state, wherein the message is generated based on the power saving state associated with the RRM relaxation state.

[0199] For example, the message may be generated based on the amount of energy saved in the RRM relaxation state being below a first threshold, or the duration of the RRM relaxation state being below a second threshold. For example, the first threshold and / or the second threshold may be configured to the UE 100 by the source network node 104. In other words, if the duration of applying the RRM relaxation is too short or below a threshold set by the network, or if the energy saved by the UE is minimal (e.g., below the first threshold), the UE 100 may be configured by the network to transmit an RRM relaxation report. It may be left to the UE implementation to determine whether the energy saved is minimal.

[0200] Herein, the terms "first threshold" and "second threshold" are used to distinguish the thresholds, and they do not necessarily identify a specific order of the thresholds.

[0201] For example, the information in the RRM relaxation report may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the RRM relaxation state; the time of exiting the RRM relaxation state; the duration of the RRM relaxation state; at least one RRM relaxation trigger causing entry into the RRM relaxation state; an identifier of the serving cell 121, at which one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger are obtained; or one or more RRM relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one RRM relaxation trigger; one or more radio measurements of the serving cell 121 obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state; or one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124 obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the RRM relaxation state.

[0202] It should be noted that the source network node 104 may store at 602 (e.g., in a log) one or more RRM relaxation parameters configured to the UE 100. In this case, the UE 100 does not need to include the one or more RRM relaxation parameters in the RRM relaxation report because they are already known to the source network node 104.

[0203] The RRM relaxation report may also include information indicating the amount of energy saved in the RRM relaxation state.

[0204] At 608, the UE 100 performs a cell reselection procedure to reselect a neighboring cell 122 controlled by the target network node 104B. For example, the cell reselection may be based on new measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, acquired during or after exiting the RRM relaxation state.

[0205] At 609, if the UE is in idle (RRC_IDLE) mode, the UE 100 transmits an RRC setup request message to the target network node 104B controlling the neighboring cell 122. The RRC setup request message is transmitted to the target network node 104B indicating the availability of the recorded measurements of the serving cell 121 and one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124. The target network node 104B receives the RRC setup request message from the UE 100.

[0206] At 610, the target network node 104B transmits a UE information request message to the UE 100 to request the UE 100 to report measurements.

[0207] At 611, in response to the received UE information request message, the UE 100 transmits a UE information response message to the target network node 104B, wherein the UE information response message includes a connection establishment failure report (ConnEstFailReport) message, which includes an RRM relaxation report. In other words, the RRM relaxation report is transmitted to the neighboring cell 122 based on at least performing cell reselection. The target network node 104B receives the UE information response message.

[0208] At 612, the target network node 104B determines an identity of the source cell 121 in which the UE 100 experiences an RRM relaxation state based on the information in the RRM relaxation report. For example, the identity of the source cell 121 may be included in the RRM relaxation report, and the target network node 104B may then map the identity of the source cell 121 to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121.

[0209] At 613, based on the determination, the target network node 104B forwards the connection establishment failure report to the source network node 104 controlling the source cell 121. The source network node 104 receives the connection establishment failure report including the RRM relaxation report.

[0210] At 614, source network node 104 adjusts or optimizes one or more RRM relaxation parameters associated with triggering an RRM relaxation state based at least in part on information in the RRM relaxation reports.Prior to performing the adjustment or optimization, source network node 104 may collect RRM relaxation reports from a plurality of UEs.

[0211] For example, the source network node 104 may use a self-organizing network (SON) mechanism or artificial intelligence or machine learning techniques to optimize one or more RRM relaxation parameters.

[0212] The source network node 104 may transmit the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters to one or more other UEs 102 in the source cell 121 (e.g., in system information). Since the UE 100 is no longer in the source cell 121, the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters may not be transmitted to the UE 100. However, if the UE 100 reselects back to the source cell 121, the UE 100 may receive the adjusted one or more RRM relaxation parameters from the source network node 104.

[0213] Figure 7 A flow chart of an example embodiment of a method performed by an apparatus 1000 is shown. For example, the apparatus 1000 may be, or include, or be comprised in a user equipment (UE) 100, 102. The UE 100, 102 may be a reduced capability (RedCap) device or any other type of UE.

[0214] refer to Figure 7 , in block 701 , the apparatus 1000 records information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the apparatus 1000 .

[0215] This information may be recorded based on entering and / or exiting a radio resource management slack state.

[0216] In block 702, the device 1000 generates a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or a state of the device 1000 in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0217] The failure may include one of: a radio resource control connection establishment failure or a paging failure. The state may include a power saving state associated with a radio resource management relaxation state.

[0218] In block 703, the apparatus transmits a message. The message may be transmitted based at least on performing a cell reselection from a source cell 121 to a target cell 122. The message may be transmitted to a target network node 104B controlling the target cell 122 of the cell reselection. The source cell 121 may also be referred to herein as a serving cell.

[0219] The information may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the radio resource management relaxation state; the time of exiting the radio resource management relaxation state; the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state; at least one trigger causing entry into the radio resource management relaxation state; an identifier of the service cell 121 on which one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger are obtained; or one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger.

[0220] The message may also include: one or more radio measurements of the serving cell, which are obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which are obtained in the serving cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; and information related to connection establishment failure in the serving cell 121.

[0221] The apparatus 1000 may disable the radio resource management relaxation function based on reselecting the serving cell 121 within a predefined time limit after a failure in the serving cell 121 (e.g., radio resource control connection establishment failure or paging failure); and exit the radio resource management relaxation state based on reselecting the serving cell 121 within a predefined time limit after a failure in the serving cell 121. In this case, the message may further include an indication indicating the disabling of the radio resource management relaxation function.

[0222] Alternatively or additionally, the message may also include an indication whether a paging message is received within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting a radio resource management relaxation state.

[0223] Alternatively or additionally, the message may also include information indicating an amount of energy saved in the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0224] If the information is generated based on the energy saving state, the message may be generated based on at least one of: the amount of energy saved being below a first threshold, or the duration of the radio resource management relaxed state being below a second threshold.

[0225] Figure 8 A flow chart according to an example embodiment of a method performed by an apparatus 1100 is shown. For example, the apparatus 1100 may be, or include, or be included in a network node (eg, the target network node 104B) of a radio access network.

[0226] refer to Figure 8 In block 801, the apparatus 1100 receives a message from a user equipment 100, the message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment 100, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment 100 in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0227] The failure may include one of: a radio resource control connection establishment failure or a paging failure. The state may include a power saving state associated with a radio resource management relaxation state.

[0228] The information may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the radio resource management relaxation state; the time of exiting the radio resource management relaxation state; the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state; at least one trigger causing entry into the radio resource management relaxation state; the identification of cell 121, on which one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger are obtained; or one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger.

[0229] In block 802, the apparatus 1100 determines, based on the information, a cell 121 in which the user equipment 100 experiences a relaxed radio resource management state. For example, an identity of the cell 121 may be included in the information, and the apparatus may map the identity of the cell 121 to a network node 104 controlling the cell 121.

[0230] In block 803 , based on the determination, the apparatus 1100 forwards the message to the network node 104 controlling the cell 121 .

[0231] The message may also include: one or more radio measurements of cell 121, which are obtained in cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which are obtained in cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; and information related to connection establishment failure in cell 121.

[0232] The message may also include an indication indicating disabling of the radio resource management relaxation function.

[0233] Alternatively or additionally, the message may also include information indicating an amount of energy saved in the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0234] Alternatively or additionally, the message may further include an indication indicating whether a paging message is received by the user equipment 100 within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0235] For example, the message may include an indication that the paging message was not received by the user equipment 100 within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting a radio resource management relaxation state. In this case, the apparatus 1100 may determine whether the apparatus 1100 transmits the paging message to the user equipment 100 within the predefined duration, wherein the message may be forwarded to the network node 104 based on determining that the apparatus 1100 transmits the paging message to the user equipment 100 within the predefined duration.

[0236] Fig. 9A flow chart according to an example embodiment of a method performed by an apparatus 1100 is shown. For example, the apparatus 1100 may be, or include, or be comprised in a network node (eg, source network node 104) of a radio access network.

[0237] refer to Fig. 9 In block 901, the apparatus 1100 receives a message including information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment 100, wherein the message is based on a failure or a state of the user equipment 100 in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0238] The failure may include one of: a radio resource control connection establishment failure or a paging failure. The state may include a power saving state associated with a radio resource management relaxation state.

[0239] The information may include at least one of the following: the time of entering the radio resource management relaxation state; the time of exiting the radio resource management relaxation state; the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state; at least one trigger causing entry into the radio resource management relaxation state; the identification of cell 121, on which one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger are obtained; or one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating at least one trigger.

[0240] In block 902, the apparatus 1100 adjusts one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering a radio resource management relaxation state based at least in part on the information.

[0241] The message may also include: one or more radio measurements of cell 121, which are obtained in cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells 122, 123, 124, which are obtained in cell 121 before entering the relaxed radio resource management state; and information related to connection establishment failure in cell 121.

[0242] The message may also include an indication indicating disabling of the radio resource management relaxation function.

[0243] Alternatively or additionally, the message may also include information indicating an amount of energy saved in the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0244] Alternatively or additionally, the message may further include an indication indicating whether a paging message is received by the user equipment 100 within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0245] For example, the message may include an indication that the paging message was not received by the user equipment 100 within a predefined duration before establishing the connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state. In this case, the apparatus 1100 may determine whether the apparatus 1100 transmits the paging message to the user equipment 100 within the predefined duration, wherein one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters may be adjusted based on determining that the apparatus 1100 transmits the paging message to the user equipment 100 within the predefined duration.

[0246] Above through Figures 3 to 9 The described frames, related functions and information exchanges (messages) are not in absolute time order, and some of them may be performed simultaneously or in an order different from the described order. Other functions may also be performed between or within them, and other information may be sent and / or other rules may be applied. Some frames or a part of a frame or one or more pieces of information may also be omitted or replaced by a corresponding frame or a part of a frame or one or more pieces of information.

[0247] As used herein, “at least one of: ” and “at least one of ” and similar expressions (wherein a list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”) refer to at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements.

[0248] Fig.10 An example of an apparatus 1000 is shown, which includes components for performing one or more of the above-described example embodiments. For example, the apparatus 1000 may be an apparatus such as or including or included in a user equipment (UE) 100, 102. A user equipment may also be referred to as a wireless communication device, a subscriber unit, a mobile station, a remote terminal, an access terminal, a user terminal, a terminal device, or a user device.

[0249] The device 1000 may include a circuit or chipset that may be suitable for implementing one or more of the above-described example embodiments. For example, the device 1000 may include at least one processor 1010. The at least one processor 1010 interprets instructions (e.g., computer program instructions) and processes data. The at least one processor 1010 may include one or more programmable processors. The at least one processor 1010 may include programmable hardware with embedded firmware, and alternatively or additionally, may include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs).

[0250] At least one processor 1010 is coupled to at least one memory 1020. At least one processor is configured to read data from and write data to at least one memory 1020. At least one memory 1020 may include one or more memory cells. The memory cell may be volatile or non-volatile. It should be noted that there may be one or more non-volatile memory cells and one or more volatile memory cells, or alternatively, one or more non-volatile memory cells, or alternatively, one or more volatile memory cells. Volatile memory may be, for example, a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), or a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM). Non-volatile memory may be, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, optical storage, or a magnetic storage device. In general, memory may be referred to as a non-transient computer-readable medium. As used herein, the term "non-transient" is a restriction on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal), rather than a restriction on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM). At least one memory 1020 stores computer-readable instructions, which are executed by at least one processor 1010 to perform one or more of the above-described example embodiments. For example, a non-volatile memory stores computer-readable instructions, and at least one processor 1010 uses a volatile memory for temporarily storing data and / or instructions to execute the instructions. Computer-readable instructions may refer to computer program codes.

[0251] The computer readable instructions may have been pre-stored in at least one memory 1020, or alternatively or additionally, they may be received by the device via an electromagnetic carrier signal, and / or may be copied from a physical entity (such as a computer program product). Execution of the computer readable instructions by at least one processor 1010 causes the device 1000 to perform one or more of the above-described example embodiments. That is, at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions may provide means for providing or causing the execution of any of the above-described methods and / or blocks.

[0252] In the context of this document, "memory" or "computer-readable medium" or "computer-readable medium" can be any non-transitory medium or media or component that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transfer instructions for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device (such as a computer). As used herein, the term "non-transitory" is a limitation on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal), not on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0253] The device 1000 may also include or be connected to an input unit 1030. The input unit 1030 may include one or more interfaces for receiving input. The one or more interfaces may include, for example, one or more temperature, motion and / or direction sensors, one or more cameras, one or more accelerometers, one or more microphones, one or more buttons and / or one or more touch detection units. In addition, the input unit 1030 may include an interface to which an external device may be connected.

[0254] The device 1000 may also include an output unit 1040. The output unit may include or be connected to one or more displays capable of rendering visual content, such as a light emitting diode (LED) display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), and / or a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display. The output unit 1040 may also include one or more audio outputs. The one or more audio outputs may be, for example, a speaker.

[0255] The apparatus 1000 also includes a connection unit 1050. The connection unit 1050 is capable of implementing a wireless connection to one or more external devices. The connection unit 1050 includes at least one transmitter and at least one receiver that can be integrated into the apparatus 1000 or to which the apparatus 1000 can be connected. At least one transmitter includes at least one transmit antenna, and at least one receiver includes at least one receive antenna. The connection unit 1050 may include an integrated circuit or a set of integrated circuits that provide wireless communication capabilities for the apparatus 1000. Alternatively, the wireless connection may be a hardwired application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The connection unit 1050 may also provide a component for performing at least some blocks or functions of one or more of the example embodiments described above. The connection unit 1050 may include one or more components controlled by a corresponding control unit, such as: a power amplifier, a digital front end (DFE), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency converter, a (demodulation) modulator, and / or an encoder / decoder circuit.

[0256] It should be noted that the apparatus 1000 may also include Fig.10 The various components shown in FIG. The various components can be hardware components and / or software components.

[0257] Fig.11 An example of an apparatus 1100 is shown, which includes means for performing one or more of the above-described example embodiments. For example, the apparatus 1100 may be an apparatus such as, or include, or be included in a network node 104, 104A of a radio access network.

[0258] A network node may also be referred to as, for example, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) node, a source network node, a target network node, a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) node, NodeB, eNB, gNB, base transceiver station (BTS), base station, NR base station, 5G base station, access node, access point (AP), cell site, relay node, relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, IAB donor node, distributed unit (DU), central unit (CU), baseband unit (BBU), radio unit (RU), radio head, remote radio head (RRH) or transmit and receive point (TRP).

[0259] The apparatus 1100 may include, for example, circuits or chipsets suitable for implementing one or more of the above-described example embodiments. The apparatus 1100 may be an electronic device including one or more electronic circuits. The apparatus 1100 may include communication control circuitry 1110 (such as at least one processor) and at least one memory 1120 storing instructions 1122, which, when executed by at least one processor, causes the apparatus 1100 to perform one or more of the above-described example embodiments. Such instructions 1122 may, for example, include computer program code (software). At least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions may provide means for providing or causing the execution of any of the methods and / or blocks described above.

[0260] The processor is coupled to the memory 1120. The processor is configured to read data from the memory 1120 and write data to the memory 1120. The memory 1120 may include one or more memory cells. The memory cell may be volatile or non-volatile. It should be noted that there may be one or more non-volatile memory cells and one or more volatile memory cells, or alternatively, one or more non-volatile memory cells, or alternatively, one or more volatile memory cells. The volatile memory may be, for example, a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), or a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM). The non-volatile memory may be, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory, an optical storage, or a magnetic storage device. In general, the memory may be referred to as a non-transient computer-readable medium. As used herein, the term "non-transient" is a restriction on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal), rather than a restriction on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM). The memory 1120 stores computer-readable instructions executed by the processor. For example, a non-volatile memory stores computer-readable instructions, and the processor executes the instructions using a volatile memory for temporarily storing data and / or instructions.

[0261] The computer readable instructions may have been pre-stored in the memory 1120, or alternatively or additionally, they may be received by the device via an electromagnetic carrier signal, and / or may be copied from a physical entity (such as a computer program product). The execution of the computer readable instructions causes the device 1100 to perform one or more of the above functions.

[0262] The memory 1120 may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and / or removable memory. The memory may include a configuration database for storing configuration data (e.g., a current neighbor cell list) and, in some example embodiments, a frame structure used in detected neighbor cells.

[0263] The device 1100 may also include or be connected to a communication interface 1130 (such as a radio unit), which includes hardware and / or software for implementing a communication connection with one or more wireless communication devices according to one or more communication protocols. The communication interface 1130 includes at least one transmitter (Tx) and at least one receiver (Rx), which may be integrated into the device 1100 or the device 1100 may be connected thereto. The communication interface 1130 may provide components for performing some of the blocks of one or more of the example embodiments described above. The communication interface 1130 may include one or more components controlled by a corresponding control unit, such as: a power amplifier, a digital front end (DFE), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency converter, a (demodulation) modulator, and / or an encoder / decoder circuit.

[0264] The communication interface 1130 provides the apparatus with radio communication capabilities for communicating in a wireless communication network. The communication interface may, for example, provide a radio interface to one or more wireless communication devices. The apparatus 1100 may also include or be connected to another interface toward a core network (such as a network coordinator device or AMF), and / or include or be connected to an access node of a wireless communication network.

[0265] The apparatus 1100 may further include a scheduler 1140 configured to allocate radio resources. The scheduler 1140 may be configured together with the communication control circuit 1110, or the scheduler 1140 may be configured separately.

[0266] It should be noted that the apparatus 1100 may also include Fig.11 The various components shown in FIG. The various components can be hardware components and / or software components.

[0267] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following: a) hardware circuit implementations only (e.g., implementations only within analog and / or digital circuits); and b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (where applicable): i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry with software / firmware, and ii) any portion of a hardware processor with software (including a digital signal processor, software and memory that work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone to perform various functions); and c) hardware circuits and / or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that require software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when not required for operation.

[0268] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claims. As another example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of only a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. For example and if applicable to a particular claim element, the term circuitry also covers: a baseband integrated circuit or a processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0269] The techniques and methods described herein may be implemented by various components. For example, these techniques may be implemented in hardware (one or more devices), firmware (one or more devices), software (one or more modules), or a combination thereof. For hardware implementations, the (multiple) devices of the example embodiments may be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), graphics processing units (GPUs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For firmware or software, the implementation may be performed by a module of at least one chipset (e.g., a process, a function, etc.) that performs the functions described herein. The software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit may be implemented inside a processor or outside a processor. In the latter case, as is known in the art, the memory unit may be communicatively coupled to the processor via various components. Additionally, the components of the system described herein may be rearranged and / or supplemented by additional components to facilitate the implementation of various aspects of the description thereof, and as will be understood by those skilled in the art, they are not limited to the precise configurations set forth in the given figures.

[0270] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that, as technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways within the scope of the claims. The embodiments are not limited to the above-described example embodiments, but can be varied within the scope of the claims. Therefore, all words and expressions should be interpreted broadly, and the words and expressions are intended to illustrate rather than limit the embodiments.

[0271] Some examples of this application are provided below.

[0272] Example 1. A device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the device; generate a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the device in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0273] Example 2. The apparatus of Example 1, wherein the failure comprises one of: a radio resource control connection establishment failure or a paging failure; and the state comprises a power saving state associated with the radio resource management relaxed state.

[0274] Example 3. An apparatus according to any preceding example, wherein the information is recorded based on entering or exiting the radio resource management relaxed state, and wherein the message is transmitted based at least on performing cell reselection.

[0275] Example 4. An apparatus according to any of the preceding examples, wherein the information includes at least one of the following: a time of entering the radio resource management relaxation state, a time of exiting the radio resource management relaxation state, a duration of the radio resource management relaxation state, at least one trigger causing entry into the radio resource management relaxation state, an identifier of a serving cell, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating the at least one trigger being acquired on the serving cell, and the one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating the at least one trigger.

[0276] Example 5. An apparatus according to Example 4, wherein the message also includes: one or more radio measurements of the serving cell, the measurements being obtained in the serving cell before entering the relaxed radio resource management state, one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells, the measurements being obtained in the serving cell before entering the relaxed radio resource management state, and information related to connection establishment failure in the serving cell.

[0277] Example 6. The apparatus according to any one of Examples 4 to 5 is further configured to: after the failure in the serving cell, disable the radio resource management relaxation function based on reselecting the serving cell within a predefined time limit; and after the failure in the serving cell, exit the radio resource management relaxation state based on reselecting the serving cell within the predefined time limit, wherein the message also includes an indication of the disabling of the radio resource management relaxation function.

[0278] Example 7. An apparatus according to any one of Examples 4 to 6, wherein the message further includes an indication of whether a paging message is received within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0279] Example 8. An apparatus according to any of Examples 4 to 7, wherein the message further includes information indicating an amount of energy saved in the radio resource management relaxation state.

[0280] Example 9. The apparatus of Example 8, wherein the message is generated based on at least one of: the amount of energy saved being below a first threshold, the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state being below a second threshold.

[0281] Example 10. A device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which when executed by the at least one processor causes the device to at least: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or status of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information in which the user equipment has experienced the relaxed radio resource management state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0282] Example 11. An apparatus according to Example 10, wherein the message includes an indication indicating that a paging message was not received by the user equipment within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state, wherein the apparatus is also caused to: determine whether the apparatus transmits the paging message to the user equipment within the predefined duration, wherein based on determining that the apparatus transmits the paging message to the user equipment within the predefined duration, the message is forwarded to the network node.

[0283] Example 12. A device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the device to at least: receive a message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state based at least in part on the information.

[0284] Example 13. An apparatus according to Example 12, wherein the message includes an indication indicating that a paging message was not received by the user equipment within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxation state, wherein the apparatus is also caused to: determine whether the apparatus transmits the paging message to the user equipment within the predefined duration, wherein based on determining that the apparatus transmits the paging message to the user equipment within the predefined duration, the one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters are adjusted.

[0285] Example 14. A method comprising: recording, by a device, information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the device; generating, by the device, a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the device in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmitting the message by the device.

[0286] Example 15. A method comprising: receiving a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determining a cell based on the information in which the user equipment has experienced the relaxed radio resource management state; and forwarding the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0287] Example 16. A method comprising: receiving a message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjusting one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state based at least in part on the information.

[0288] Example 17. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the following operations: record information related to a relaxed state of radio resource management of the device; generate a message comprising the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or state of the device in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and transmit the message.

[0289] Example 18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following operations: receive a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a relaxed radio resource management state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determine a cell based on the information, in which the user equipment has experienced the relaxed radio resource management state; and forward the message to a network node controlling the cell.

[0290] Example 19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform the following operations: receive a message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of a user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and adjust, based at least in part on the information, one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters associated with triggering the radio resource management relaxation state.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: recording information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the device; generating a message including the information, wherein the message is generated based on a failure or status of the device in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; and The message is transmitted.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the failure comprises one of: a radio resource control connection establishment failure or a paging failure; and The states include a power saving state associated with the radio resource management relaxation state.

3. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the information is recorded based on entering or exiting the radio resource management relaxed state, and The message is transmitted based at least on performing cell reselection.

4. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the information comprises at least one of: the time of entering the radio resource management relaxation state, the time to exit the radio resource management relaxation state, the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state, at least one trigger causing entry into said radio resource management relaxation state, an identification of a serving cell on which one or more radio resource management relaxation parameters for evaluating the at least one trigger are obtained, The one or more radio resource management slack parameters are used to evaluate the at least one trigger.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the message further comprises: one or more radio measurements of the serving cell, the measurements being acquired in the serving cell before entering the radio resource management relaxed state, one or more radio measurements of one or more neighboring cells, the measurements being acquired in the serving cell before entering the radio resource management relaxed state, and Information related to connection establishment failure in the serving cell.

6. The device according to any one of claims 4 to 5, further configured to: disabling a radio resource management relaxation function upon reselecting the serving cell within a predefined time limit after the failure in the serving cell; and exiting the radio resource management relaxed state based on reselecting the serving cell within the predefined time limit after the failure in the serving cell, wherein the message further comprises an indication indicating the disabling of the radio resource management relaxation functionality.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the message further comprises an indication whether a paging message is received within a predefined duration before establishing a connection or before exiting the radio resource management relaxed state.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the message further comprises information indicating an amount of energy saved in the radio resource management relaxation state.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the message is generated based on at least one of: the amount of energy saved being below a first threshold, the duration of the radio resource management relaxation state being below a second threshold.

10. An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receiving a message from a user equipment, the message comprising information related to a radio resource management relaxation state of the user equipment, wherein the message is based on a failure or a state of the user equipment in an idle mode or in an inactive mode; determining, based on the information, a cell in which the user equipment experiences the radio resource management relaxation state; as well as The message is forwarded to a network node controlling the cell.

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