Automatic lock shaft retaining mechanism and road vehicle lifting axle device

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic lock shaft retaining mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of traffic transportation, and comprises a chassis fixing part, a lock rod and an axle connecting part, the chassis fixing part comprises a first state and a second state, the road wheels are arranged at the normal driving positions when the chassis fixing part is in the first state, and the road wheel shafts are lifted to the lifting positions from the driving positions when the chassis fixing part is in the second state; one end of the lock rod is movably connected with the underframe fixing part, and the other end of the lock rod is rotationally connected with the axle connecting part. Through the mechanical locking function of the chassis fixing part and the lock rod, rapid switching and reliable positioning of the road axle between a normal driving position and a lifting position are achieved, the whole lock shaft retaining mechanism is arranged between longitudinal beams of a vehicle chassis, the installation space can be fully utilized, the locking gap can be flexibly adjusted, locking can be achieved after the axle is lifted in place, and the locking effect is good. The ground clearance of the wheels is effectively ensured, and the reliability and safety of transportation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transportation, and in particular to an automatic axle locking and holding mechanism and a road vehicle axle lifting device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of highway transportation, under the background of highway standard load transportation, lifting axles are an emerging technology for semi-trailer transportation. The lifting height is generally in the range of 100mm~150mm, and is widely used in multi-axle heavy vehicles such as 6×4 and 8×4. The lifting axle can adjust the lifting state of the axle according to the transportation needs of empty and heavy vehicles. When the vehicle is empty, it is lifted and suspended, and the vehicle's fuel economy and acceleration performance are improved by reducing the vehicle's driving resistance with fewer axles, or it is lowered when the vehicle is heavy to increase the vehicle's load capacity. Especially in long-distance transportation, the phenomenon of heavy going and empty returning is common. The lifting axle can effectively save transportation costs and is more conducive to the transportation of multiple trips of goods. In terms of comprehensive transportation services, domestic companies are actively developing road-rail combined transportation technology, integrating the advantages of highway transportation and railway trunk line transportation.

[0003] In the related art, the locking shaft protection mechanism disclosed in patent number CN114228399B realizes the locking shaft protection function by driving the hook of the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis through the turning handle and then hooking the road axle. The support and the rotating shaft are installed in the bottom frame beam.

[0004] However, the rotation center of the shaft of the locking mechanism is fixed on the frame beam, and the rotation trajectory of the hook of the shaft around the axis is a circular motion. First, the assembly accuracy requirements are high, and the locking operation must be completed manually in steps. First, the axle must be visually observed to be lifted into place before the shaft can be operated to rotate and lock. Finally, the position of the hook and the axle must be observed. Secondly, in order to facilitate the inner arc surface of the hook to pass through the intersection of the axle body, an appropriate adjustment gap must be reserved. After the axle is in place, the overall lifting amount will be reduced, and the gap cannot be adjusted. This change is not conducive to the transportation performance of the road-rail vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic shaft locking and holding mechanism, which is used to solve the defects of the shaft locking protection mechanism in the prior art, realize the rapid conversion between the road and rail transportation states, and meet the requirements of automatic locking of the mechanism and reliable anti-falling.

[0006] The present invention provides an automatic axle locking and holding mechanism, comprising: a chassis fixing part, a locking rod and an axle connecting part; the chassis fixing part comprises a first state and a second state, the chassis fixing part being in the first state where the road wheel is placed in a normal driving position, and the chassis fixing part being in the second state where the road wheel axle is lifted from the driving position to a lifting position; one end of the locking rod is movably connected to the chassis fixing part, and the other end of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the axle connecting part.

[0007] According to an automatic lock shaft holding mechanism provided by the present invention, the chassis fixing part includes a connecting beam, a fixing seat, a handle and a lock seat; the connecting beam is used to be fixed to the vehicle chassis; the fixing seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting beam, and the fixing seat is provided with a through hole; a circular hole is provided at the upper part of the lock seat, and the handle passes through the through hole and the circular hole; a square hole is provided at the lower part of the lock seat, and one end of the locking rod can move in the square hole; the handle includes a locking pin, and the locking pin is parallel to the axis of the handle and is located on one side of the middle part of the handle, and is fixedly connected to the handle; an annular boss is provided on the side of the lock seat facing the locking pin, and a channel is provided on one side of the bottom surface of the boss, and one side is a plane.

[0008] According to an automatic locking shaft holding mechanism provided by the present invention, the base frame fixing part also includes a spring, a retaining ring and a pin; the spring is pre-loaded and installed between the fixing seat and the retaining ring; the handle is provided with a limit pin hole, and the pin is installed at the limit pin hole.

[0009] According to an automatic locking shaft holding mechanism provided by the present invention, the locking rod is provided with a bayonet, and the locking pin passes through a channel and is locked with the bayonet.

[0010] According to an automatic axle locking and holding mechanism provided by the present invention, a positioning hole is provided at one end of the locking rod connected to the axle connecting portion.

[0011] According to an automatic axle locking retaining mechanism provided by the present invention, the axle connecting part includes a side plate, a seat plate, an arc plate, a U-shaped bolt and a nut; the side plate and the seat plate are welded together to form a connecting seat, and the road axle is clamped and connected by the arc plate, the U-shaped bolt and the nut.

[0012] According to an automatic locking shaft holding mechanism provided by the present invention, the handle further comprises a limit stopper, and the limit stopper is located in the middle of the handle.

[0013] According to the automatic locking shaft holding mechanism provided by the present invention, the handle further includes a grip.

[0014] The present invention also provides a road vehicle axle lifting device, comprising any one of the above-mentioned automatic axle locking and holding mechanisms.

[0015] According to a road vehicle lifting axle bridge device provided by the present invention, the road vehicle lifting axle bridge device also includes a suspension fixing seat, an oil cylinder, a cantilever frame and a road wheel axle; the suspension fixing seat is welded under the vehicle's chassis beam body, and a first rotation point is provided at the lower part of the suspension fixing seat, and the first rotation point is pin-connected with the top end of the cantilever frame; a second rotation point is provided at the top of the suspension fixing seat, and the second rotation point is pin-connected with the oil cylinder; a third rotation point is provided in the middle part of the cantilever frame, and the third rotation point is pin-connected with the lower end of the oil cylinder body, and the end of the cantilever frame is connected to the axle.

[0016] The automatic axle locking and holding mechanism provided by the present invention can be adjusted to the first state or the second state through the chassis fixing part, so that the vehicle is in the normal driving position or the road axle is lifted from the driving position to the lifting position. The entire axle locking and holding mechanism is arranged between the longitudinal beams of the vehicle chassis, which can fully utilize the installation space and realize flexible and adjustable locking gap, and can lock the axle after it is lifted into place, effectively ensuring the wheel height off the ground and improving the reliability and safety of transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic locking shaft holding mechanism and the road vehicle lifting shaft bridge device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a road wheel provided by the present invention placed in a normal driving position; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a highway axle provided by the present invention placed in a raised position; Figure 4 It is a structural exploded diagram of the base frame fixing part provided by the present invention; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a lock rod provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the axle connection portion provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the lock seat provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the lock seat provided by the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 10. Automatic locking shaft holding mechanism; 100, chassis fixing portion; 110, connecting beam; 120, fixing seat; 121, through hole; 130, handle; 131, locking pin; 132, limit pin hole; 133, limit stopper; 134, handle; 140, lock seat; 141, round hole; 142, square hole; 143, boss; 150, spring; 160, retaining ring; 170, pin; 200, locking rod; 210, bayonet; 220, positioning hole; 300, axle connection; 310, side plate; 320, seat plate; 330, arc plate; 340, U-bolt; 350, nut; 360, adjustment pad; 20. Suspension fixing seat; 201, first rotation point; 202, second rotation point; 30. Oil cylinder; 40. Cantilever frame; 401, third rotation point; 50. Highway axles; 60. Base frame beam; 70. Railway wheels; 80. Height above the ground for road transport; 90. Railway transportation height from track surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on Figure 1 The orientation and position of the automatic locking axle retaining mechanism and the road vehicle lifting axle bridge device when normally placed are shown only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0024] The present invention provides an automatic locking shaft holding mechanism, see Figure 1-Figure 3 , including: a chassis fixing part 100, a locking rod 200 and an axle connecting part 300; the chassis fixing part 100 includes a first state and a second state, the chassis fixing part 100 is in the first state, the road wheel is placed in the normal driving position, and the chassis fixing part 100 is in the second state, the road wheel axle 50 is lifted from the driving position to the lifting position; one end of the locking rod 200 is movably connected to the chassis fixing part 100, and the other end of the locking rod 200 is rotatably connected to the axle connecting part 300.

[0025] By adjusting the chassis fixing portion 100 to the first state or the second state, the vehicle is in a normal driving position or the road axle 50 is lifted from the driving position to the lifting position. The entire axle locking mechanism is arranged between the longitudinal beams of the vehicle chassis, which can fully utilize the installation space and realize flexible and adjustable locking clearance, and can also lock the axle after it is lifted into place, effectively ensuring the wheel height off the ground and improving the reliability and safety of transportation.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 7 The chassis fixing part 100 includes a connecting crossbeam 110, a fixing seat 120, a handle 130 and a lock seat 140; the connecting crossbeam 110 is used to be fixed to the vehicle chassis; the fixing seat 120 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting crossbeam 110, and the fixing seat 120 is provided with a through hole 121; a round hole 141 is provided at the upper part of the lock seat 140, and the handle 130 passes through the through hole 121 and the round hole 141; a square hole 142 is provided at the lower part of the lock seat 140, and one end of the locking rod 200 can move in the square hole 142; the handle 130 includes a locking pin 131, and the locking pin 131 is parallel to the axis of the handle 130 and is located on one side of the middle part of the handle 130, and is fixedly connected to the handle 130; an annular boss 143 is provided on the side of the lock seat 140 facing the locking pin 131, and a channel is provided on one side of the bottom surface of the boss 143, and a plane is provided on one side. The chassis fixing part 100 further includes a spring 150, a retaining ring 160 and a pin; the spring 150 is pre-loaded and installed between the fixing seat 120 and the retaining ring 160; the handle 130 is provided with a limit pin hole 132, and the pin is installed at the limit pin hole 132. The lock rod 200 is provided with a bayonet 210, and the locking pin 131 passes through the channel and is locked with the bayonet 210.

[0027] When the road wheel is placed in the normal driving position, the locking pin 131 of the handle 130 is placed on the bottom plane of the boss 143 of the lock seat 140, the front end of the lock rod 200 freely passes through the square hole 142 of the lock seat 140, and the end of the lock rod 200 is connected to the axle connection part 300, which does not affect the normal operation and jumping of the road tire on the road. At this time, the chassis fixing part 100 is in the first state. When the road wheel axle 50 is lifted from the driving position to the lifting position, the locking pin 131 of the handle 130 of the chassis fixing part 100 is rotated and placed in the channel of the lock seat 140, and the lock rod 200 moves with the axle. The locking pin 131 is subjected to the tension of the spring 150 and slides in contact with the side of the lock rod 200 until it is inserted and passes through the front end bayonet 210 of the lock rod 200 to trigger the locking action. At this time, the hydraulic oil supply is stopped by manual control or the automatic valve switch is set to realize the automatic axle locking function.

[0028] The circular hole 141 of the lock seat 140 is used as the rotation positioning center of the lock seat 140. As the lock rod 200 slides and contacts the square hole 142, it rotates freely. An annular boss 143 is provided on the side of the lock seat 140. The vertical edge of the boss 143 is used to limit the locking pin 131 around. When the handle 130 is pulled out to the right, the maximum compression of the spring 150 should be less than the height of the annular boss 143 to prevent the locking pin 131 from slipping out of the vertical edge of the boss 143 and causing the locking effect to fail. A channel and a plane are respectively provided on the inner bottom surface of the annular boss 143. The locking pin 131 passes through the channel and locks with the locking rod 200 bayonet 210. This state corresponds to the axle lifting position; the bottom plane limits the locking pin 131 to ensure that the lock rod 200 moves freely in the square hole 142 of the lock seat 140. This state corresponds to the axle landing driving position.

[0029] Exemplarily, two fixing seats 120 are arranged at intervals, and the handle 130 transversely passes through the first fixing seat 120, the circular hole 141 of the lock seat 140, the second fixing seat 120, the spring 150, and the retaining ring 160 in sequence. The pin is inserted into the handle limit pin hole 132 as a limiter for the retaining ring 160. The spring 150 is pre-loaded and installed between the second fixing seat 120 and the retaining ring 160 to provide an axial clamping force to the left for the handle 130.

[0030] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 One end of the lock rod 200 connected to the axle connecting part 300 is provided with a positioning hole 220. The positioning hole 220 is pinned and fixed to the axle connecting part 300 to prevent the road wheel from falling after the hydraulic cylinder 30 fails, thereby ensuring the safety of vehicle operation.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 5The axle connecting part 300 includes a side plate 310, a seat plate 320, an arc plate 330, a U-shaped bolt 340 and a nut 350; the side plate 310 and the seat plate 320 are welded together to form a connecting seat, and the road axle is connected and clamped by the arc plate 330, the U-shaped bolt 340 and the nut 350.

[0032] Exemplarily, the axle connection part 300 also includes an adjustment plate 360, which is placed in a preset lifting position when assembling and debugging the lifting axle bridge device. By adjusting the adjustment plate 360, the centering state of the locking rod 200 bayonet 210 and the circular hole 141 of the lock seat 140 is adjusted, which can effectively improve the locking accuracy of the lifting position and prevent falling when returning to the position.

[0033] In one embodiment, the handle 130 further includes a limit stopper 133 , which is located in the middle of the handle 130 . The handle 130 further includes a grip 134 for pulling and rotating the handle 130 .

[0034] Exemplarily, the locking pin 131 is fixed by welding via a connecting plate.

[0035] In one embodiment, the bayonet 210 may also be replaced by a positioning hole 220 .

[0036] Exemplarily, 1 to 3 bayonet holes 210 are provided to meet the requirements of the lifting position being at different heights.

[0037] The present invention provides a road vehicle lifting axle bridge device and any one of the above-mentioned automatic axle locking and holding mechanisms of the road vehicle lifting axle bridge device.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The highway vehicle lifting axle bridge device also includes a suspension fixing seat 20, an oil cylinder 30, a cantilever frame 40 and a highway wheel axle 50. The suspension fixing seat 20 is welded under the chassis beam of the vehicle. A first rotation point 201 is provided at the lower part of the suspension fixing seat 20, and the first rotation point 201 is pin-connected with the top end of the cantilever frame 40; a second rotation point 202 is provided at the top of the suspension fixing seat 20, and the second rotation point 202 is pin-connected with the oil cylinder 30; a third rotation point 401 is provided in the middle part of the cantilever frame 40, and the third rotation point 401 is pin-connected with the lower end of the piston rod body of the oil cylinder 30, and the end of the cantilever frame 40 is connected to the axle.

[0039] The first rotation point 201, the second rotation point 202 and the third rotation point 401 together constitute a three-point support mechanism. This cantilever structure can be embedded in the long-stroke oil cylinder 30. The flexion-extension support structure is scientific and reasonable. In this embodiment, the oil cylinder 30 has a stroke of 300mm~350mm, which is more than twice the stroke of the conventional lifting bridge, and has a greater application range. The oil pressure controls the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 30 inside the outer tube, so that the cantilever frame 40 rotates around the first rotation point 201 by a preset angle, driving the road wheel axle 50 to fall or rise, so as to meet the different transportation conditions of the road-rail dual-use vehicle.

[0040] During normal highway driving, the oil cylinder 30 is arranged vertically, and the hydraulic oil supply circuit of the oil cylinder 30 is provided with an elastic support damping valve connected to the oil and gas accumulator to provide elastic damping for operation and mitigate ground impact. When the lifting bridge is raised to the highest position, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 30 contracts, the stroke becomes smaller, and rotates around the second rotation point 202, while pulling the cantilever frame 40 and the highway wheel axle 50 upward. After reaching the highest point, the oil supply circuit is provided with a hydraulic self-locking ball valve to cut off the oil circuit, and the stroke stops changing, so that the oil cylinder 30 remains in a stable state.

[0041] For example, the lifting axle bridge device symmetrically sets two sets of suspension fixing seats 20, oil cylinders 30, and cantilever frames 40 at the lower part of the chassis beam, and each set of cantilever frames 40 respectively clamps the two ends of the highway axle to achieve support balance. The locking axle holding mechanism is connected to the middle of the highway axle, which reasonably utilizes the installation space and is convenient for assembly and maintenance.

[0042] The automatic axle locking and holding mechanism provided by the present invention is such that when the road transport tire is heavily loaded, the locking rod 200 and the rotating lock seat 140 are in a free state, and will not affect the normal operation and jumping of the road axle 50 when running on the road; when the vehicle is in an empty and lightly loaded state for transportation, any axle can be manipulated to the lifting position by the telescopic cylinder 30, and the locking rod 200 and the chassis fixing part 100 are automatically interlocked, thereby effectively reducing the vehicle's fuel consumption.

[0043] The automatic axle locking and holding mechanism provided by the present invention can ensure that the locking position of the road axle is at the highest point and remains stable when the lifting bridge is applied to a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle, and can also maximize the use of the chassis layout space, reasonably design the connection structure, simplify the number of components, and make operation easier.

[0044] The automatic axle locking and holding mechanism provided by the present invention has an oil cylinder 30 of the road vehicle lifting axle bridge device equipped with a hydraulic self-locking ball valve and has a holding function in place. In addition, the axle locking and holding mechanism can be used as a parallel locking protection device, which can provide a reliable mechanical self-locking effect when the hydraulic circuit is depressurized or leaks, thereby preventing the road vehicle axle and wheel from falling or falling off and causing traffic accidents, thereby further improving safety.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic locking shaft holding mechanism, characterized in that: include: chassis fixing part, locking rod and axle connection part; The chassis fixing part includes a first state and a second state, wherein the road wheel is placed in a normal driving position in the first state and the road wheel axle is placed in a lifting position in the second state; One end of the locking rod is movably connected to the chassis fixing portion, and the other end of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the axle connecting portion.

2. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis fixing part includes a connecting beam, a fixing seat, a handle and a locking seat; The connecting crossbeam is used to be fixed on the vehicle chassis; The fixing seat is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting beam, and the fixing seat is provided with a through hole; A circular hole is provided on the upper portion of the lock seat, and the handle passes through the through hole and the circular hole; A square hole is provided at the lower part of the lock seat, and one end of the lock rod can move in the square hole; The handle comprises a locking pin, which is parallel to the handle axis and located on one side of the middle part of the handle and is fixedly connected to the handle; A ring-shaped boss is arranged on one side of the lock seat facing the locking bolt, a channel is arranged on one side of the bottom surface of the boss, and a plane is arranged on the other side.

3. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chassis fixing part also includes a spring, a retaining ring and a pin; The spring is pre-loaded and installed between the fixing seat and the retaining ring; The handle is provided with a limit pin hole, and the pin is installed at the limit pin hole.

4. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking rod is provided with a bayonet, and the locking pin passes through the channel and is locked with the bayonet.

5. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning hole is provided at one end of the locking rod connected to the axle connecting portion.

6. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axle connection part includes a side plate, a seat plate, an arc plate, a U-shaped bolt and a nut; The side plate and the seat plate are welded together to form a connecting seat, and the highway axle is clamped and connected by the arc plate, the U-shaped bolts and the nuts.

7. The automatic locking shaft holding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The handle further comprises a limit stopper, and the limit stopper is located in the middle of the handle.

8. The automatic shaft locking and holding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The handle also includes a grip.

9. A road vehicle axle lifting device, characterized in that: The road vehicle lifting axle bridge device includes the automatic locking axle holding mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The road vehicle axle lifting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The highway vehicle lifting axle bridge device also includes a suspension fixing seat, an oil cylinder, a cantilever frame and a highway wheel axle; The suspension fixing seat is welded below the chassis beam of the vehicle, and a first rotation point is provided at the lower part of the suspension fixing seat, and the first rotation point is pin-connected with the top end of the cantilever frame; A second rotation point is provided on the top of the suspension fixing seat, and the second rotation point is pin-connected with the oil cylinder; A third rotation point is arranged in the middle of the cantilever frame, the third rotation point is pin-connected with the lower end of the oil cylinder body, and the end of the cantilever frame is connected with the axle.

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