A BIM-based collaborative design method and system for prefabricated buildings

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of building information modeling, and specifically to a BIM-based collaborative design method and system for prefabricated buildings, comprising the following steps: based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting designer editing permissions, matching task requirements, and identifying multiple types of building elements and matching annotation information based on input design information, thereby generating building element annotation information. In the present invention, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, design editing permissions are allocated, the accuracy and efficiency of project management are improved, building designs are analyzed, and conflict detection of building elements is performed, design errors are reduced, and combined with structural stability analysis, problems are foreseen and resolved in the early stages of design, avoiding modifications during the construction phase. Through construction sequence planning, resource demand forecasting, and cost calculation, project budgets are effectively controlled, thereby improving the collaboration of building design and construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building information modeling, and in particular to a method and system for collaborative design of prefabricated buildings based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] The field of building information modeling technology focuses on using digital information models to manage the design, construction and maintenance processes of construction projects. By providing a three-dimensional, real-time, dynamic building design database, it helps architects, engineers and construction teams to achieve efficient information circulation and updating during the building life cycle, and conduct multi-dimensional simulations, including geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, and the properties of building components, such as material performance and cost, to improve the accuracy of engineering design, optimize resource allocation, reduce costs, and predict potential problems through simulation analysis to achieve efficient and economical project management.

[0003] Among them, the collaborative design method of prefabricated buildings focuses on optimizing the design, manufacturing and assembly processes of prefabricated building elements, aiming to improve the design efficiency and construction accuracy of prefabricated building projects. By integrating the data and workflows of all project participants on a digital platform, real-time sharing of design data and building information is achieved, achieving high degree of design collaboration and precise control of engineering construction, improving the construction speed and quality of construction projects, and reducing costs and time consumption caused by errors. It is applied to highly standardized and modular prefabricated building projects to discover and solve potential design and construction problems in the early stages of the project, and achieve smooth completion and quality assurance of construction projects.

[0004] Traditional collaborative design methods for prefabricated buildings lack analysis of designer roles and responsibilities and allocation of editing permissions, resulting in uneven distribution of information flow within the project team. Key information cannot be updated or communicated to relevant responsible persons in a timely manner. Real-time conflict detection and change records rely on manual intervention, which increases workload and increases the risk of errors. The capabilities for automated construction planning and cost control are limited, and the inability to effectively predict and adapt to market changes leads to project cost budget overruns. In the case of large fluctuations in resource availability, it is difficult to quickly adjust construction plans and cost budgets, resulting in project delays and cost increases, reduced construction efficiency and increased project costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for collaborative design of prefabricated buildings based on BIM. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a BIM-based collaborative design method for prefabricated buildings is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] S1: Based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting designer editing permissions to match task requirements, and based on the input design information, identifying various types of architectural elements and matching annotation information to generate architectural element annotation information;

[0008] S2: Analyze the design input based on the architectural element annotation information, detect spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design, send prompt information, record design changes, and generate design change record data;

[0009] S3: Utilizing the design change record data, based on the target building design information, extracting the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulating the stress distribution and deformation of the multiple components, predicting the stability of multiple structural elements, evaluating the integrity of the building design, and generating structural stability analysis results;

[0010] S4: Analyze the dependencies between multiple building components based on the structural stability analysis results, plan the construction sequence of the target building design in combination with the resource availability of the target project, and generate project construction sequence information;

[0011] S5: Using the project construction sequence information, based on the project scale and design complexity, predict the human and material resources required for the project, combine real-time market dynamics, calculate the project cost, and generate project cost forecast information.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the building element annotation information includes size and material information of the building elements, a building element location data set, and editing permission allocation records; the design change record data includes the timestamp of the change operation, the identity information of the person responsible for the change, and the modification location information; the structural stability analysis results include identified structural weakness information, predicted component deformation, and building structure integrity assessment results; the project construction sequence information includes priority ranking information of construction tasks, a list of resources required for multiple tasks, and construction phase time planning information; and the project cost forecast information includes building material cost calculation results, labor cost estimation information, and equipment and tool cost forecasts.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting the designer editing permissions to match task requirements, and identifying multiple types of architectural elements and matching annotation information based on the input design information, the specific steps for generating architectural element annotation information are as follows:

[0014] S101: Based on project personnel information, collect the role and responsibility information of multiple members of the project team, analyze the work scope of multiple designers, including circuit planning and pipeline planning, and obtain role positioning analysis results;

[0015] S102: Based on the role positioning analysis results, assigning editing permissions to multiple designers according to role positioning and scope of responsibilities, and obtaining permission configuration records;

[0016] S103: Using the permission configuration record, annotate the building elements in the input design information, including doors, windows, walls, stairs, wires and pipes, to generate building element annotation information.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the architectural element annotation information, the design input is analyzed, spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design are detected, prompt information is sent, and design changes are recorded. The specific steps of generating design change record data are as follows:

[0018] S201: using the architectural element annotation information, identifying and detecting layout conflicts between multiple architectural elements, including spatial overlap between doors and stairs, and obtaining conflict detection results;

[0019] S202: Based on the conflict detection result and the conflict location information, matching prompt information is sent to the designer to obtain a conflict handling prompt message;

[0020] S203: Based on the conflict handling prompt message, the design changes of the target project are recorded in real time, including the modified architectural elements, the person who modified the changes, and the time of modification, and design change record data is generated.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the design change record data is used to extract the position, size, and material information of multiple building components based on the target building design information, simulate the stress distribution and deformation of the multiple components, predict the stability of multiple structural elements, evaluate the integrity of the building design, and generate structural stability analysis results in the following specific steps:

[0022] S301: extracting key parameters of multiple building components in the target design, including position, size, and material type, using the design change record data to obtain component information extraction data;

[0023] S302: Extracting data based on the component information, analyzing and identifying intersections, contact points, and pressure areas between components, and obtaining component interaction analysis results;

[0024] S303: Using the component interaction analysis results, simulate the stress distribution of multiple components under actual loads, calculate deformation, predict structural stability and evaluate the integrity of the building design, and generate structural stability analysis results.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the deformation is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, F represents the force applied to the component, L represents the length of the component, w represents the width of the component, t represents the thickness of the component, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, and S is the theoretical deformation of the component under a given load, which is used to evaluate the stability and safety of the component under actual load conditions.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the structural stability analysis results, the dependencies between multiple building components are analyzed, and in combination with the resource availability of the target project, the construction sequence of the target building design is planned. The specific steps for generating project construction sequence information are as follows:

[0029] S401: Identifying dependencies between multiple building components based on the structural stability analysis results, evaluating the construction sequences required for multiple structures, and obtaining component dependency data;

[0030] S402: Analyze project resource information based on the component dependency data, including availability of material supply, human resources, and engineering equipment, to obtain project resource availability information;

[0031] S403: Based on the project resource availability information, taking into account the dependencies of multiple building components and the availability of project resources, planning the construction sequence of the project, and adjusting resource allocation in multiple construction phases to generate project construction sequence information.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention, the project construction sequence information is used to predict the human and material resources required for the project based on the project scale and design complexity, and the project cost is calculated in combination with real-time market dynamics. The specific steps for generating project cost forecast information are as follows:

[0033] S501: Based on the project construction sequence information and taking into account the project scale, the types and quantities of materials required for multiple construction phases are evaluated to generate a material resource requirement list;

[0034] S502: Based on the material resource requirement list, analyzing the human resources and construction equipment required for multiple construction phases, and generating human resources and equipment requirement information;

[0035] S503: Using the manpower and equipment demand information, according to the manpower, material and construction equipment demand, combined with real-time market prices, calculate the construction cost of the target project and generate project cost forecast information.

[0036] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the construction cost of the target project is:

[0037] C=((p×r+q×s+t×u)×v)×w

[0038] Among them, C represents the total construction cost, which is used to estimate the total cost required to complete the entire construction project; p represents the unit price of human resources, which indicates the market salary of different types of human resources; r represents the number of human resources required per unit scale; q represents the unit price of material resources, which is directly related to the material cost; s represents the number of material resources required per unit scale; t represents the usage rate of construction equipment; u represents the equipment usage time required per unit scale; v represents the project scale; and w is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient, which is used to adjust the total cost according to other external factors.

[0039] On the other hand, a BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design system is provided. The system is applied to a BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method. The system includes:

[0040] The permission management module is based on project personnel information. By analyzing the role information and responsibilities of multiple members of the design team, it adjusts the editing permissions of multiple designers, matches task requirements, and generates editing permission allocation records.

[0041] The information annotation module identifies various building elements in the input design information based on the editing permission allocation record, including doors, windows, and stairs, and matches annotation information according to the type, size, and material of the elements to generate building element annotation information;

[0042] The element conflict detection module uses the architectural element annotation information to analyze the relative positions of multiple architectural elements in the spatial layout, detects spatial layout conflicts, sends prompt information to designers, records design changes, including the executor and time of the changes, and generates design change record data;

[0043] The building design analysis module uses the design change history to extract the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulates the stress distribution and deformation of the multiple components under actual loads, evaluates the stability of the structural elements and the integrity of the building design, and generates structural stability analysis results;

[0044] The construction sequence planning module uses the structural stability analysis results to analyze the dependencies between multiple building components, combines the availability of project resources, plans the construction sequence, and generates project construction sequence information;

[0045] The construction cost calculation module analyzes and predicts the manpower and material requirements of the target project based on the project construction sequence information, analyzes the project cost in combination with market dynamics, and generates project cost forecast information.

[0046] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0047] By analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers and allocating design editing permissions, the accuracy and efficiency of project management are improved. Architectural design is analyzed and conflict detection of architectural elements is performed to reduce design errors. Combined with structural stability analysis, problems are foreseen and resolved in the early stages of design, avoiding modifications during the construction phase. Through construction sequence planning, resource demand forecasting, and cost calculation, project budgets are effectively controlled, improving the coordination of architectural design and construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "exemplary" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "and / or" can mean both or either of the two.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, when the distinction between them is not emphasized, their intended meanings are the same. The terms "of," "corresponding," and "corresponding" may be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, when the distinction between them is not emphasized, their intended meanings are the same.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0060] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method, such as Figure 1 The flowchart of the collaborative design method of prefabricated buildings based on BIM is shown. The processing flow of the method may include the following steps:

[0062] S1: Based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting designer editing permissions to match task requirements, and based on the input design information, identifying various types of architectural elements and matching annotation information to generate architectural element annotation information;

[0063] S2: Based on the architectural element annotation information, analyze the design input, detect the spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design, send prompt information, record the design changes, and generate design change record data;

[0064] S3: Using design change record data and the target building design information, extract the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulate the stress distribution and deformation of multiple components, predict the stability of multiple structural elements, evaluate the integrity of the building design, and generate structural stability analysis results;

[0065] S4: Based on the structural stability analysis results, analyze the dependencies between multiple building components, combine the resource availability of the target project, plan the construction sequence of the target building design, and generate project construction sequence information;

[0066] S5: Use project construction sequence information to predict the human and material resources required for the project based on project scale and design complexity. Combined with real-time market dynamics, calculate project costs and generate project cost forecast information.

[0067] Building element annotation information includes the size and material information of building elements, building element location data set, and editing permission allocation records. Design change record data includes the timestamp of the change operation, the identity information of the person responsible for the change, and the modification location information. Structural stability analysis results include identified structural weakness information, predicted component deformation, and building structure integrity assessment results. Project construction sequence information includes construction task priority ranking information, a list of resources required for multiple tasks, and construction phase time planning information. Project cost forecast information includes building material cost calculation results, labor cost estimation information, and equipment and tool cost forecasts.

[0068] See also Figure 2 Based on the project personnel information, by analyzing the role positioning and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting the designer editing permissions, matching the task requirements, and according to the input design information, identifying various types of architectural elements and matching the annotation information, the specific steps for generating architectural element annotation information are as follows:

[0069] S101: Based on project personnel information, collect the role and responsibility information of multiple members of the project team, analyze the work scope of multiple designers, including circuit planning and pipeline planning, and obtain role positioning analysis results;

[0070] In sub-step S101, based on project personnel information, through data collection and content analysis, the roles and responsibilities of each project team member are collected and organized, including data entry and role definition processes. The system will automatically import basic employee information from the human resources management system, including name, title, historical project experience, etc., and obtain information on responsibilities and expertise through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, such as the individual's design areas of expertise and previous specific work in circuit or pipeline planning. Text analysis techniques, such as natural language processing, are used to parse the collected text data, extract keywords and phrases from it, and identify designer role categories. Cluster analysis methods are used to group designers according to their responsibilities and expertise. Each group represents a role positioning, such as circuit planner, pipeline engineer, etc., to obtain the role positioning analysis results.

[0071] S102: Based on the role positioning analysis results, editing permissions are assigned to multiple designers according to their role positioning and responsibilities, and permission configuration records are obtained;

[0072] In sub-step S102, based on the role positioning analysis results, a rule-based permission allocation system is used to configure permissions and define the permission levels corresponding to each role type. Circuit planners obtain editing permissions for circuit-related design documents, while pipeline engineers are limited to the pipeline design part. The system will retrieve the role positioning analysis results from the database and automatically match the responsibilities of each designer with the corresponding permission template. During the permission allocation process, a decision support module is used to handle complex permission conflicts and dependencies to ensure that the reasonable allocation of permissions will not affect the overall security and data consistency of the project. After the permission configuration is completed, the generated permission configuration record lists the name, role, and corresponding permission details of each designer to ensure that the design team can collaborate efficiently without permission conflicts.

[0073] S103: Using the permission configuration record, annotate the building elements in the input design information, including doors, windows, walls, stairs, wires, and pipes, to generate building element annotation information;

[0074] In sub-step S103, based on the permission configuration record, information annotation and data linking technology are used to annotate the architectural elements in the input design information, and the design drawings and related technical documents are imported from the project management software. The target file includes information on unannotated architectural elements. The system identifies the designers who have access to the target file through the permission configuration record and automatically provides them with annotation tools. The designers use the target tools to annotate the doors, windows, walls, stairs, wires and water pipes in the drawings, and check the accuracy and completeness of each annotation in real time. Image recognition algorithms and pattern matching algorithms are used in the process to ensure that each annotation accurately corresponds to the shape and position of the actual element. The generated architectural element annotation information includes element type, size, position, and annotator information. The target data is stored in the project database for subsequent design and construction use.

[0075] See also Figure 3 ,Based on the annotation information of architectural elements, the design input is analyzed, the spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design are detected, prompt information is sent, and design changes are recorded. The specific steps for generating design change record data are as follows:

[0076] S201: using architectural element annotation information, identifying and detecting layout conflicts between multiple architectural elements, including spatial overlap between doors and stairs, and obtaining conflict detection results;

[0077] In sub-step S201, based on the annotation information of building elements, a spatial analysis algorithm is used to identify layout conflicts between multiple building elements. All annotated building element information, including the position, size, and type of each element, is extracted from the database. Using spatial analysis techniques, such as a two-dimensional geometric overlap detection algorithm, the system calculates the spatial relationship between each two elements and focuses on element combinations that are prone to cause problems, such as doors and stairs. When it is detected that the opening range of the door overlaps with the space of the stair entrance, the algorithm will mark this conflict. The analysis process not only depends on the physical size of the elements, but also takes into account their functional requirements. For example, sufficient space must be left for the opening of the door, and the stairs must comply with safe entry and exit specifications. After the analysis is completed, a conflict detection result is generated, listing the conflict type, involved elements, and location information.

[0078] S202: Based on the conflict detection result and the conflict location information, matching prompt information is sent to the designer to obtain a conflict handling prompt message;

[0079] In sub-step S202, based on the conflict detection results, a customized notification dispatch system is used to send conflict handling prompt messages to the designer. According to the specific location information in the conflict detection results, targeted prompt information is generated through the internal message creation module. For example, if a spatial conflict between a door and a staircase is detected, a suggestion message is automatically generated to adjust the position of the door or staircase to resolve the conflict. The generated prompt information includes the conflict type, recommended modification measures, and impact assessment. The sent messages will record the sending time and recipient information to ensure that each designer receives it in a timely manner and can respond quickly to the conflict.

[0080] S203: Based on the conflict resolution prompt message, the design changes of the target project are recorded in real time, including the modified architectural elements, the person who modified the changes, and the time of modification, and design change record data is generated;

[0081] In sub-step S203, based on the conflict handling prompt message, real-time data tracking technology is used to record all design changes. When the designer modifies the design of the building element according to the prompt message, the design change record function is triggered. The modification includes changing the position and size of the element. Each modification requires confirmation by the designer. The design change data recorded by the system includes the specific information of the modified building element, the name of the designer who performed the modification, the exact time the modification was completed, and a comparison of the elements before and after the modification, helping the project team to clearly understand the impact of each modification. In this way, the generated design change record data provides project management with a comprehensive and traceable design modification history, ensuring the integrity of project documents and the accuracy of updates.

[0082] See also Figure 4, using design change record data, according to the target building design information, extract the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulate the stress distribution and deformation of multiple components, predict the stability of multiple structural elements, evaluate the integrity of the building design, and generate structural stability analysis results. The specific steps are:

[0083] S301: Using the design change record data, extract key parameters of multiple building components in the target design, including location, size, and material type, to obtain component information extraction data;

[0084] In sub-step S301, the design change record data is used to extract multiple key parameters of building components in the target design through data mining technology. The design change records stored in the database are accessed. The target record describes the content of each design change, including the changed component type, location, size and material type. Data extraction algorithms such as SQL query and regular expression matching are used to standardize the target data to ensure a unified information format for subsequent analysis. During the process, the parameters of each building component, such as location coordinates, length, width and type of material used, are clearly recorded to form structured component information extraction data. The target data is stored in a dedicated analysis module for use in structural analysis.

[0085] S302: Extracting data based on component information, analyzing and identifying intersections, contact points, and pressure areas between components, and obtaining component interaction analysis results;

[0086] In sub-step S302, data is extracted based on component information, and geometric and physical analysis tools are used to identify intersections, contact points, and pressure areas between components. The collision detection function in the CAD software and a customized spatial analysis script are used. The target tool is able to process a large amount of component data and identify the spatial relationships that lead to structural problems. By analyzing the relative position and size of each pair of components, potential intersections and contact points are marked. For the analysis of pressure areas, mechanical simulation software is used. The software predicts the maximum pressure under normal use based on the material properties and connection methods of the components. After the analysis is completed, the component interaction analysis results are generated. The target results illustrate the identified problem areas and their impact on structural safety.

[0087] S303: Using the component interaction analysis results, simulate the stress distribution of multiple components under actual loads, calculate deformation, predict structural stability, evaluate the integrity of the building design, and generate structural stability analysis results;

[0088] The specific formula for calculating deformation is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, F represents the force applied to the component, L represents the length of the component, w represents the width of the component, t represents the thickness of the component, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, and S is the theoretical deformation of the component under a given load, which is used to evaluate the stability and safety of the component under actual load conditions.

[0091] formula:

[0092]

[0093] Detailed explanation of the formula and the process of formula calculation and derivation:

[0094] The formula is used to calculate the theoretical deformation of components and evaluate the stability of building structures under load.

[0095] Parameter meaning and setting value:

[0096] F is the force applied to the component, assumed to be 1000N, representing the stress state of the building component under load.

[0097] L is the length of the component, assuming it is 2m, representing the length of a supporting beam.

[0098] E is the elastic modulus of the material, which is assumed to be 2×10 9 Pa reflects the material's ability to resist deformation.

[0099] w is the width of the component, assuming it is 0.1m, representing the width of a supporting beam.

[0100] t is the thickness of the component, assumed to be 0.01m.

[0101] Substitute the parameters into the formula for calculation:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] The result 0.001m indicates that under given load and material properties, the deformation of the component is 0.001 meter. The result is used to confirm the reliability and safety of component design and analyze stability in practical applications.

[0106] See also Figure 5 ,Based on the results of structural stability analysis, the dependency relationships among multiple building components are analyzed, and,combined with the resource availability of the target project, the construction sequence of the target building design is planned.,The specific steps for generating project construction sequence information are as follows:

[0107] S401: Based on the structural stability analysis results, identify the dependencies between multiple building components, evaluate the construction sequence required for multiple structures, and obtain component dependency data;

[0108] In sub-step S401, based on the results of the structural stability analysis, dependency analysis technology is used to identify the interdependencies between building components. Using the results provided by the structural analysis software, the target results show the behavior and interaction of each component under stress. A graph theory algorithm is used to convert the interaction between the target components into a dependency graph, where nodes represent components and edges represent the dependencies between components. By analyzing the target dependencies, it is determined which components are key support elements and which components need to be constructed first. During the process, the algorithm takes into account the physical location, size and functional importance of the components to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the construction sequence. The resulting component dependency data lists all components and their dependencies, providing a basis for further planning of the construction sequence.

[0109] S402: Analyze project resource information based on component dependency data, including availability of material supply, human resources, and engineering equipment, to obtain project resource availability information;

[0110] In sub-step S402, based on the component dependency data, the project resource information is analyzed, and a resource matching algorithm is used to define project resources including material supply, human resources and engineering equipment. By connecting to the supply chain management system, the material supply status is obtained in real time, including inventory, arrival time and price information. For human resources, the skills, work schedules and geographical locations of existing staff are analyzed to determine the available human resources. The availability of engineering equipment is also obtained through the equipment management system, which records the usage, maintenance cycle and performance status of each equipment. After integrating the target information, the optimization algorithm is used to analyze and predict the resources, generate project resource availability information, and ensure maximum efficiency and cost-effectiveness of resource allocation.

[0111] S403: Based on the project resource availability information, taking into account the dependencies of multiple building components and the availability of project resources, planning the project construction sequence, and adjusting resource allocation for multiple construction phases to generate project construction sequence information;

[0112] In sub-step S403, based on the project resource availability information and combined with the component dependency data, the project construction sequence is planned and resource allocation is adjusted. The scheduling module of the construction management software is used to import the component dependency and resource availability data. The linear programming and scheduling optimization algorithms are used to calculate the optimal construction sequence, and the resource allocation is adjusted to match the sequence requirements. During the process, the demand and urgency of resources in each construction stage are taken into consideration, and resources are allocated to key tasks and time-sensitive engineering activities in priority. In resource allocation, the system automatically adjusts the allocation plan of manpower, materials and equipment to adapt to changes in the project schedule and actual conditions. After completion, the generated project construction sequence information describes the start and end time of each construction stage, the main resources required and their allocation, to ensure that the project is carried out efficiently as planned.

[0113] See also Figure 6 , using project construction sequence information, based on project scale and design complexity, predict the human and material resources required for the project, combined with real-time market dynamics, calculate the project cost, and generate project cost forecast information in the following specific steps:

[0114] S501: Based on the project construction sequence information and taking into account the project scale, the types and quantities of materials required for multiple construction phases are evaluated and a material resource requirement list is generated;

[0115] In sub-step S501, based on the project construction sequence information, demand analysis and resource planning algorithms are used to evaluate the types and quantities of materials required for multiple construction phases. The construction plan imported from the construction sequence database and the target plan specify the work content and estimated schedule for each construction phase. The material requirement planning method is used to automatically calculate the specific types and quantities of materials required based on the construction tasks of each phase, such as infrastructure construction and main structure construction. This includes estimating the consumption rate of each material and making adjustments based on historical data and construction standards. The material resource requirement list generated upon completion lists all materials that need to be purchased from the beginning to the end of the project, including steel, concrete, wires, etc. The specifications, quantity and expected usage time period of each material provide precise guidance for material procurement and logistics arrangements.

[0116] S502: Based on the material resource requirement list, analyze the human resources and construction equipment required for multiple construction phases and generate human resources and equipment requirement information;

[0117] In sub-step S502, based on the material resource requirement list, the human resources and equipment management system is used to analyze and calculate the human resources and construction equipment required for each construction stage. The system parses the material requirement list, determines the construction stage and quantity of each material, and derives the labor intensity and technical requirements of the corresponding work. Combined with the overall project schedule, resource scheduling algorithms such as linear programming are used to optimize the allocation of human resources and equipment, including calculating the number of workers required for each stage and the usage time of various types of equipment to ensure efficient use of resources. Taking into account the actual availability of manpower and equipment, dynamic adjustments are made to cope with delays or resource shortages. The generated manpower and equipment demand information includes a staffing table and equipment usage plan to ensure the continuity and efficiency of resource supply during the construction process.

[0118] S503: Using the manpower and equipment demand information, the construction cost of the target project is calculated based on the manpower, material and construction equipment requirements and real-time market prices, and project cost forecast information is generated;

[0119] The specific formula for calculating the construction cost of the target project is:

[0120] C=(p×r+q×s+t×u)×v)×w

[0121] Among them, C represents the total construction cost, which is used to estimate the total cost required to complete the entire construction project; p represents the unit price of human resources, which indicates the market salary of different types of human resources; r represents the number of human resources required per unit scale; q represents the unit price of material resources, which is directly related to the material cost; s represents the number of material resources required per unit scale; t represents the usage rate of construction equipment; u represents the equipment usage time required per unit scale; v represents the project scale; and w is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient, which is used to adjust the total cost according to other external factors.

[0122] formula:

[0123] C=((p×r+q×s+t×u)×v)×w

[0124] Detailed explanation of the formula and the process of formula calculation and derivation:

[0125] Formulas are used to calculate and predict total construction costs for various building designs.

[0126] Parameter meaning and setting value:

[0127] p is the unit price of human resources, assuming that each working hour requires 25 yuan.

[0128] r is the number of human resources required per unit project size. Assume that 1 unit of construction project requires 1,000 working hours.

[0129] q is the unit price of material resources. Assume that the market price of concrete is 120 yuan / cubic meter.

[0130] s is the quantity of material resources required per unit project size. Assume that 1 unit of construction project requires 500 cubic meters of concrete.

[0131] t is the usage rate of construction equipment, assumed to be 100 yuan / hour.

[0132] u is the equipment usage time required for unit project size. Assume that 1 unit of construction project requires 300 hours of construction equipment use.

[0133] v is the project size, assuming the project size is 2.

[0134] w is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient, which takes into account factors such as region and season. Assuming it is 1.05, it means that there is a 5% cost increase to cope with possible risks or changes.

[0135] Substitute the parameters into the formula for calculation:

[0136] C=((25×1000+120×500+100×300)×2)×1.05

[0137] C=((25000+60000+30000)×2)×1.05

[0138] C = (115000 × 2) × 1.05

[0139] C=230000×1.05

[0140] C=241500

[0141] The result 241500 indicates that the total cost of the project is 241500 yuan. This value is used to evaluate and predict the total cost of the target building design and help assess the project risk of the design.

[0142] See also Figure 7 A BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design system is provided. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design system is used to execute the above-mentioned BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method. The system includes:

[0143] The permission management module is based on project personnel information. By analyzing the role information and responsibilities of multiple members of the design team, it adjusts the editing permissions of multiple designers, matches task requirements, and generates editing permission allocation records.

[0144] The information annotation module identifies various building elements in the input design information, including doors, windows, and stairs, based on the editing permission allocation record, and matches the annotation information according to the element type, size, and material to generate building element annotation information;

[0145] The element conflict detection module uses architectural element annotation information to analyze the relative positions of multiple architectural elements in the spatial layout, detect spatial layout conflicts, and send prompt information to designers. It also records design changes, including the executor and time of the changes, and generates design change record data.

[0146] The building design analysis module uses design change history records to extract the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulates the stress distribution and deformation of multiple components under actual loads, evaluates the stability of structural elements and the integrity of the building design, and generates structural stability analysis results;

[0147] The construction sequence planning module uses the results of structural stability analysis to analyze the dependencies between multiple building components, combines the availability of project resources, plans the construction sequence, and generates project construction sequence information;

[0148] The construction cost calculation module analyzes and predicts the manpower and material requirements of the target project based on the project construction sequence information, analyzes the project cost in combination with market dynamics, and generates project cost forecast information.

[0149] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired method (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0150] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0151] In this disclosure, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0152] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0155] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0156] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0157] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0158] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0159] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A BIM-based collaborative design method for prefabricated buildings, characterized by: The method comprises: Based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, the editing permissions of designers are adjusted to match task requirements. Based on the input design information, various types of architectural elements are identified and matched with annotation information to generate architectural element annotation information. Analyze design input based on the architectural element annotation information, detect spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design, send prompt information, record design changes, and generate design change record data; Utilizing the design change record data, based on target building design information, extracting location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulating stress distribution and deformation of the multiple components, predicting the stability of multiple structural elements, evaluating the integrity of the building design, and generating structural stability analysis results; The specific steps for extracting the position, size, and material information of multiple building components based on the target building design information by utilizing the design change record data are as follows: simulating the stress distribution and deformation of multiple components, predicting the stability of multiple structural elements, and evaluating the integrity of the building design. The structural stability analysis results are generated as follows: Using the design change record data, extracting key parameters of multiple building components in the target design, including location, size, and material type, and using a data extraction algorithm, including SQL query and regular expression matching, to standardize the target data to obtain component information extraction data; Based on the component information, data is extracted and collision detection functions in the CAD software and customized spatial analysis scripts are used to identify spatial relationships that may cause structural problems. By analyzing the relative positions and sizes of each pair of components, potential intersections and contact points are marked. Based on the material properties and connection methods of the components, the maximum pressure they can withstand under normal use is predicted. The intersections, contact points, and pressure areas between components are analyzed and identified to obtain component interaction analysis results. Using the component interaction analysis results, simulate the stress distribution of multiple components under actual loads, calculate deformation, predict structural stability and evaluate the integrity of building design, and generate structural stability analysis results; Analyzing dependencies among multiple building components based on the structural stability analysis results, planning a construction sequence for the target building design in combination with resource availability for the target project, and generating project construction sequence information; The project construction sequence information is used to predict the human and material resources required for the project based on the project scale and design complexity. In combination with real-time market dynamics, the project cost is calculated to generate project cost forecast information.

2. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building element annotation information includes the size and material information of the building elements, the building element location data set, and the editing permission allocation record. The design change record data includes the timestamp of the change operation, the identity information of the person responsible for the change, and the modification location information. The structural stability analysis results include the identified structural weakness information, the predicted component deformation, and the building structure integrity assessment results. The project construction sequence information includes the priority ranking information of the construction tasks, the list of resources required for multiple tasks, and the construction phase time planning information. The project cost forecast information includes the calculation results of the building material cost, the labor cost estimation information, and the predicted equipment and tool costs.

3. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on project personnel information, by analyzing the roles and responsibilities of multiple designers, adjusting designer editing permissions to match task requirements, and identifying various types of architectural elements and matching annotation information based on the input design information, the specific steps for generating architectural element annotation information are as follows: Based on project personnel information, the roles and responsibilities of multiple project team members are collected, and the work scope of multiple designers, including circuit planning and pipeline planning, is analyzed to obtain role positioning analysis results; Based on the role positioning analysis results, editing permissions are assigned to multiple designers according to role positioning and scope of responsibilities, and permission configuration records are obtained; The permission configuration record is used to annotate architectural elements in the input design information, including doors, windows, walls, stairs, electrical wires, and water pipes, to generate architectural element annotation information.

4. The BIM-based collaborative design method for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the architectural element annotation information, the design input is analyzed, spatial layout conflicts of multiple architectural elements in the design are detected, prompt information is sent, and design changes are recorded. The specific steps for generating design change record data are as follows: Using the architectural element annotation information, identifying and detecting layout conflicts between multiple architectural elements, including spatial overlap between doors and stairs, and obtaining conflict detection results; Based on the conflict detection result, according to the conflict position information, matching prompt information and sending it to the designer to obtain a conflict handling prompt message; Based on the conflict handling prompt message, the design changes of the target project are recorded in real time, including the modified architectural elements, the modifier, and the modification time, and design change record data is generated.

5. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the deformation is: Among them, F represents the force applied to the component, L represents the length of the component, w represents the width of the component, t represents the thickness of the component, E represents the elastic modulus of the material, and S is the theoretical deformation of the component under a given load, which is used to evaluate the stability and safety of the component under actual load conditions.

6. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the structural stability analysis results, the dependencies between multiple building components are analyzed. Combined with the resource availability of the target project, the construction sequence of the target building design is planned. The specific steps for generating project construction sequence information are as follows: Based on the structural stability analysis results, identifying dependencies between multiple building components, evaluating the construction sequence required for multiple structures, and obtaining component dependency data; Analyzing project resource information, including material supply, human resources, and engineering equipment availability, based on the component dependency data to obtain project resource availability information; Based on the project resource availability information, the project construction sequence is planned in consideration of the dependency relationship between multiple building components and the availability of project resources, and resource allocation in multiple construction phases is adjusted to generate project construction sequence information.

7. The BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using the project construction sequence information, based on the project scale and design complexity, the human and material resources required for the project are predicted. In combination with real-time market dynamics, the project cost is calculated. The specific steps for generating project cost forecast information are as follows: Based on the project construction sequence information and taking into account the project scale, the types and quantities of materials required for multiple construction phases are evaluated to generate a material resource requirement list; Based on the material resource requirement list, analyzing the human resources and construction equipment required for multiple construction phases, and generating human resources and equipment requirement information; The manpower and equipment demand information is used to calculate the construction cost of the target project based on the manpower, material and construction equipment requirements and combined with real-time market prices to generate project cost forecast information.

8. The BIM-based collaborative design method for prefabricated buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the construction cost of the target project is: C=((p×r+q×s+t×u)×v)×w Among them, C represents the total construction cost, which is used to estimate the total cost required to complete the entire construction project; p represents the unit price of human resources, which indicates the market salary of different types of human resources; r represents the number of human resources required per unit scale; q represents the unit price of material resources, which is directly related to the material cost; s represents the number of material resources required per unit scale; t represents the usage rate of construction equipment; u represents the equipment usage time required per unit scale; v represents the project scale; and w is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient, which is used to adjust the total cost according to other external factors.

9. A BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design system, wherein the BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design system is used to implement the BIM-based prefabricated building collaborative design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The system comprises: The permission management module is based on project personnel information. By analyzing the role information and responsibilities of multiple members of the design team, it adjusts the editing permissions of multiple designers, matches task requirements, and generates editing permission allocation records. The information annotation module identifies various building elements in the input design information based on the editing permission allocation record, including doors, windows, and stairs, and matches annotation information according to the type, size, and material of the elements to generate building element annotation information; The element conflict detection module uses the architectural element annotation information to analyze the relative positions of multiple architectural elements in the spatial layout, detects spatial layout conflicts, sends prompt information to designers, records design changes, including the executor and time of the changes, and generates design change record data; The building design analysis module uses the design change history to extract the location, size, and material information of multiple building components, simulates the stress distribution and deformation of multiple components under actual loads, evaluates the stability of structural elements and the integrity of the building design, and generates structural stability analysis results; The construction sequence planning module uses the structural stability analysis results to analyze the dependencies between multiple building components, combines the availability of project resources, plans the construction sequence, and generates project construction sequence information; The construction cost calculation module analyzes and predicts the manpower and material requirements of the target project based on the project construction sequence information, analyzes the project cost in combination with market dynamics, and generates project cost forecast information.

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