Chinese herbal medicine ensilage feed additive as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine silage additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of feed additives, the Chinese herbal medicine silage additive is obtained by mixing Chinese herbal medicine waste with microbial mixed bacteria and carrying out anaerobic fermentation; the microbial mixed bacteria are prepared from the following bacterial powder in parts by mass: 2 to 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 to 2 parts of trichosporon cutaneum and 1.5 to 2 parts of candida utilis; the Chinese herbal medicine wastes refer to leftover materials and medicine residues after Chinese herbal medicine processing. According to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine waste is fully utilized, and after anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the Chinese herbal medicine waste and the microbial mixed bacterial powder, not only can nutritional ingredients in the Chinese herbal medicine waste be more easily absorbed by livestock, but also the palatability can be improved, so that the Chinese herbal medicine waste is fully utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine silage additive and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Silage is a special kind of feed, which is made by chopping plant feed containing more water, such as corn and grass, and then anaerobically fermenting it under closed conditions. The fermentation of microorganisms is used to keep the feed juicy and enable long-term storage.

[0003] In order to improve the nutritional value of silage, the prior art improves the nutritional value of silage and the palatability of animals by adding additives to silage. Common silage additives include fermentation promoters and nutritional additives, among which fermentation promoters mainly accelerate lactic acid fermentation by adding microorganisms, reduce pH value, and inhibit the activity of harmful organisms. Nutritional additives such as urea, ammonia, phosphoric acid, etc. are used to supplement nutrients, thereby improving the nutritional value of feed.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned nutritional additives are usually some chemical synthetic drugs, and long-term use will not only cause drug resistance in livestock, but also remain in the animal body. In addition, too little use of nutritional additives will not be effective, and too much use will not only have an adverse effect on the digestion, absorption and health of livestock, but also lead to waste of additives. The prior art also uses Chinese herbal medicines as silage additives to reduce the drug resistance caused by long-term consumption of livestock. However, the above method usually crushes the Chinese herbal medicines and adds them directly to the silage. This silage additive is added to the silage, and the daily weight gain and feed intake of livestock are relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine silage additive and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine silage additive is obtained by mixing Chinese herbal medicine waste with mixed microorganisms and subjecting the mixture to anaerobic fermentation;

[0007] The microbial mixture is composed of the following bacterial powders in parts by mass:

[0008] 2 to 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 to 2 parts of Trichosporon, and 1.5 to 2 parts of Candida utilis; the mixed microbial strains can accelerate fermentation, not only can the nutrients in the Chinese herbal medicine waste be fully retained, but the mixed microbial strains also contain probiotics, which promote animal growth and development and improve animal immunity;

[0009] The Chinese herbal medicine waste refers to the leftovers and residues after processing Chinese herbal medicine.

[0010] The present invention makes full use of these Chinese herbal medicine wastes, mixes them and then performs anaerobic fermentation by microorganisms, thereby converting the macromolecular components in the Chinese herbal medicine wastes into small molecular substances and releasing new medicinal ingredients. These small molecular substances are easier to be absorbed by livestock, and after anaerobic fermentation, the bitter taste of the Chinese herbal medicine wastes can be improved, thereby improving the palatability, thereby rapidly improving the growth of livestock.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the Chinese herbal medicine waste is prepared from the following ingredients by weight:

[0012] 3 to 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 2 to 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 3 to 5 parts of Rhubarb waste, and 3 to 5 parts of Bupleurum waste.

[0013] The present invention uses Chinese herbal medicine waste materials, such as astragalus waste materials acting on the immune system, coltsfoot waste materials acting on the respiratory system, rhubarb waste materials acting on the digestive system, and bupleurum waste materials acting on the blood circulation system for the antipyretic effect. Through the interaction between the various Chinese herbal medicine waste materials, nutrients are provided for livestock.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the mass of the mixed microorganisms accounts for 0.2% to 0.3% of the dry weight of the Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the pH value of the Chinese herbal silage additive is 5.5-6.5.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Weigh each raw material of Chinese herbal medicine waste and each raw material of microbial mixture respectively according to the mass fractions provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0018] Drying, crushing and mixing the astragalus waste, coltsfoot waste, rhubarb waste and bupleurum waste to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste;

[0019] diluting the microbial mixture with water to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0020] The Chinese herbal medicine waste is mixed with the fermentation liquid, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 10 to 20 days to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the mixed microorganisms to water is 1:100-110.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the fermentation temperature is 25°C to 35°C.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the particle size of the Chinese herbal medicine waste is 1.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0024] The third aspect of the present invention adopts the use of a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive in the preparation of a beef cattle silage additive.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention uses Chinese herbal medicine waste to fully utilize Chinese herbal medicines and reduce costs. The Chinese herbal medicine waste is subjected to anaerobic fermentation by mixed microorganisms, which can transform the macromolecular components in the Chinese herbal medicine waste into small molecular substances that are more conducive to livestock absorption, provide livestock with rich nutrients, and thus increase the daily weight gain of livestock. In addition, after anaerobic fermentation, the bitterness of Chinese herbal medicines can be reduced, further improving the palatability of livestock. The Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive in the present invention effectively solves the problems of low daily weight gain and low feed intake of existing Chinese herbal medicines as silage additives.

[0027] (2) In the present invention, after anaerobic fermentation, the toxic components in the Chinese herbal medicine waste can be reduced, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of long-term consumption by livestock. In addition, under the action of the mixed microorganisms, the fermentation speed is accelerated, the production efficiency is improved, and the probiotics therein can promote animal growth and development and improve animal immunity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0029] During the processing of the medicinal materials such as Astragalus, Coltsfoot Flos, Rhubarb, and Bupleurum, a large amount of scraps and drug residues, i.e., waste materials, will be generated. At present, these waste materials are usually directly discarded, which results in a large amount of waste. The prior art also has Chinese herbal medicine as an silage additive to improve the nutrition of silage. However, it is to add the useful part of the Chinese herbal medicine to the silage. Although this method can improve the nutrition of the silage, it cannot effectively release the small molecules of the Chinese herbal medicine, and at the same time, it is costly, resulting in a large amount of waste of drug residues, and the palatability is poor.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive and its preparation method and application. The silage additive obtained by anaerobic fermentation of Chinese herbal medicine waste can not only effectively convert the macromolecular components in Chinese herbal medicine into small molecules and new medicinal ingredients, but also these small molecules are easier to be absorbed by livestock, and some toxic components can be effectively decomposed to reduce their toxicity. In addition, after anaerobic fermentation, the bitter taste of Chinese herbal medicine waste can be improved, thereby improving palatability.

[0031] The scraps in the embodiments of the present invention refer to the remaining parts after the medicinal parts of astragalus, coltsfoot, rhubarb and bupleurum are removed. The dregs refer to the dregs obtained after decocting astragalus, coltsfoot, rhubarb and bupleurum.

[0032] A Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive and its preparation method are described in detail below.

[0033] In the following examples, the concentrate feed was purchased from beef cattle concentrate feed e-801 of Tianjin Dingsheng Feed Co., Ltd., and corn silage was purchased from Lingshou County Xinde Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. Lactic acid bacteria were purchased from Cangzhou Xingye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with an effective substance content of 3 billion / g; Trichosporon dermatophyte was purchased from Shanghai Bohu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of ≥5 billion / g; Candida utilis was purchased from Cangzhou Xindadi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of ≥5 billion / g.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Mix 3 parts of astragalus waste, 2 parts of coltsfoot waste, 3 parts of rhubarb waste and 3 parts of bupleurum waste, grind into powder with a particle size of 1.5 mm, and dry to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0037] S2, diluting the mixed microbial powder with water at a mass ratio of 1:100 to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0038] The Chinese herbal medicine waste is mixed with the fermentation liquid, and anaerobically fermented at 25°C for 20 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive with a pH value of 5.5; wherein the mass of the mixed microbial powder is 0.2% of the mass of the Chinese herbal medicine waste dry material; the mixed microbial bacteria is composed of the following mass fractions of powder:

[0039] 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of Trichosporon dermestrum, and 1.5 parts of Candida utilis.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1. Mix 4 parts of astragalus waste, 3 parts of coltsfoot waste, 4 parts of rhubarb waste and 4 parts of bupleurum waste, grind them into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and dry them to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0043] S2. Dilute the mixed microbial powder with water at a mass ratio of 1:105 to obtain a fermentation liquid; mix the fermentation liquid with Chinese herbal medicine waste, and perform anaerobically fermentation at 30°C for 15 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive with a pH value of 6; wherein the mass of the mixed microbial powder is 0.25% of the mass of the dry material of the Chinese herbal medicine waste; the mixed microbial bacteria is composed of the following mass fractions of powder:

[0044] 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5 parts of Trichosporon dermestrum, and 2 parts of Candida utilis.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1. Mix 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 5 parts of Rhubarb waste and 5 parts of Bupleurum waste, grind them into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and dry them to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0048] S2. Dilute the mixed microbial powder with water at a mass ratio of 1:110 to obtain a fermentation liquid; mix the Chinese herbal medicine waste with the fermentation liquid, and perform anaerobically fermentation at 35°C for 10 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage feed additive with a pH value of 6.5; wherein the mass of the mixed microbial powder is 0.3% of the mass of the dry Chinese herbal medicine waste; the mixed microbial bacteria is composed of the following weight mass fractions of powder:

[0049] 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2 parts of Trichosporon dermestrum, and 2 parts of Candida utilis.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive, except that the microbial mixed powder is different from that in Example 3, the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 3, and include the following steps:

[0052] S1. Mix 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 5 parts of Rhubarb waste and 5 parts of Bupleurum waste, grind them into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and dry them to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0053] S2. Dilute the lactic acid bacteria powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:110 to obtain a fermentation liquid; mix the Chinese herbal medicine waste with the fermentation liquid, and perform anaerobically fermentation at 35°C for 10 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive with a pH value of 6.5; wherein the mass of the lactic acid bacteria powder is 0.3% of the mass of the dry Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive, except that the microbial mixed powder is different from that in Example 3, the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 3, and include the following steps:

[0056] S1. Mix 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 5 parts of Rhubarb waste and 5 parts of Bupleurum waste, grind them into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and dry them to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0057] S2. Dilute the powder of Trichosporon spp. with water in a mass ratio of 1:110 to obtain a fermentation liquid; mix the Chinese herbal medicine waste with the fermentation liquid, and perform anaerobically fermentation at 35°C for 10 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive with a pH value of 6.5; wherein the mass of the Trichosporon spp. powder is 0.3% of the mass of the dry Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] A method for preparing a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Mix 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 5 parts of Rhubarb waste and 5 parts of Bupleurum waste, grind them into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and dry them to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0061] S2. Dilute the utilis powder and water in a mass ratio of 1:110 to obtain a fermentation liquid; mix the Chinese herbal medicine waste with the fermentation liquid, and perform anaerobically fermentation at 35°C for 10 days to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive with a pH value of 6.5; wherein the mass of the utilis powder is 0.3% of the mass of the dry Chinese herbal medicine waste.

[0062] In order to further demonstrate the effect of the silage additive of the present invention, the following experiments were conducted.

[0063] Beef cattle of the same age, similar weight and good body condition were randomly divided into 8 groups, each group consisted of 20 cattle, and they were raised in 8 experimental cow sheds, with 3 replicates in each treatment group.

[0064] The blank group was fed with normal diet of concentrated feed, hay and corn silage throughout the whole period.

[0065] The whole-period diet in the control group was only the additive added to the corn silage, and the rest was the same as the blank group. The mass ratio of corn silage to additive was 800:1, and the additive was the Chinese herbal medicine waste in Example 1 and the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive in Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0066] The whole-period diet in the experimental group was only the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive in Examples 1 to 3 added to the corn silage, and the rest was consistent with the blank group, wherein the mass ratio of corn silage to the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive was 800:1.

[0067] According to the above method, the beef cattle were fed for 30 days, and the feed-to-weight ratio, feed intake and daily growth were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1 Effects of Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additives on beef cattle

[0069]

[0070] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that when Chinese herbal waste is directly added to silage, the average daily weight gain and average feed intake of beef cattle are the lowest, and the feed-to-weight ratio is the highest, which means that directly adding Chinese herbal waste to silage cannot improve the absorption of nutrients by beef cattle. In addition, due to the bitterness of Chinese herbal medicine and its poor palatability, its feed weight is relatively large, and the growth of beef cattle cannot be improved without reducing feed.

[0071] Compared with the results of the blank group, the average daily weight gain and average feed intake of the control groups 2 to 4 were improved, and the feed-to-weight ratio was reduced. This shows that fermenting Chinese herbal waste can not only improve the growth of beef cattle, but also improve the palatability of feed, thereby reducing the feed-to-weight ratio.

[0072] Compared with the results of control groups 2-4, the results of experimental groups 1-3 show that the absorption effect of nutrients by beef cattle can be further improved by fermenting with mixed microbial powder, and the feed-to-weight ratio can be further reduced. This shows that mixed fermentation with multiple bacterial powders can quickly improve the nutritional content in silage and accelerate the growth of beef cattle compared with fermentation with a single strain of bacteria, and effectively improve the growth rate of beef cattle under the condition of reducing feed feeding, thereby greatly improving production efficiency. This is mainly due to the fact that after the Chinese herbal waste is anaerobic fermented with mixed microbial powder, the macromolecular components in the Chinese herbal waste can be converted into small molecules and new medicinal ingredients. These small molecules are easier to be absorbed by beef cattle, thereby accelerating the growth of beef cattle and reducing the feed-to-weight ratio; and some toxic components in the Chinese herbal waste can be effectively decomposed to reduce their toxicity, thereby avoiding the nutritional additives of some chemical synthetic drugs, and the long-term use of drug resistance. In addition, after anaerobic fermentation, the bitter taste of the Chinese herbal waste can be improved, thereby improving the palatability, thereby increasing the average feed intake of beef cattle, and achieving rapid growth of beef cattle with less feed.

[0073] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0074] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal medicine silage additive is obtained by mixing Chinese herbal medicine waste with mixed microorganisms and subjecting the mixture to anaerobic fermentation; The microbial mixture is composed of the following bacterial powders in parts by mass: 2 to 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 to 2 parts of Trichosporon, and 1.5 to 2 parts of Candida utilis; The Chinese herbal medicine waste refers to the leftovers and residues after processing Chinese herbal medicine.

2. The Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal medicine waste is prepared from the following ingredients by weight: 3 to 5 parts of Astragalus waste, 2 to 4 parts of Coltsfoot waste, 3 to 5 parts of Rhubarb waste, and 3 to 5 parts of Bupleurum waste.

3. The Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the mixed microorganisms accounts for 0.2% to 0.3% of the dry weight of the Chinese herbal medicine waste.

4. The Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value of the Chinese herbal silage additive is 5.5-6.

5.

5. A method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh each raw material of Chinese herbal medicine waste and each raw material of microbial mixture according to their mass fractions; Drying, crushing and mixing the astragalus waste, coltsfoot waste, rhubarb waste and bupleurum waste to obtain Chinese herbal medicine waste; diluting the microbial mixture with water to obtain a fermentation liquid; The Chinese herbal medicine waste is mixed with the fermentation liquid, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 10 to 20 days to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive.

6. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the microbial mixture to water is 1:100-110.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature is 25°C to 35°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the Chinese herbal medicine waste is 1.5 mm to 2 mm.

9. Use of the Chinese herbal medicine waste silage additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of a beef cattle silage additive.

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