Medical radiation system alignment

Abstract

Provided herein are techniques relating to medical radiation systems, and in particular, but not exclusively, to apparatuses, methods, and systems for aligning a radiation source with a patient positioning system and / or a patient rotation system for medical diagnostic imaging and / or radiotherapy.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 399,862, filed on August 22, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] Provided herein are technologies relating to medical radiation systems, and particularly, but not exclusively, to devices, methods, and systems for aligning a radiation source with a patient positioning system and / or a patient rotation system for medical diagnostic imaging and / or radiation therapy. Background Art

[0003] Medical radiation systems employ radiation sources for imaging and treatment purposes, such as for computed tomography and radiotherapy. Medical therapy and imaging procedures typically involve securing a patient in a bed or chair and moving the radiation source around the patient to target the relevant area of ​​the patient's body. The technology used for such procedures typically includes complex mechanisms to provide stability for the medical radiation system and extensive shielding for the moving radiation source. As a result, conventional medical radiation systems are typically expensive to install and maintain.

[0004] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20200268327 and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 237,513, each of which is incorporated herein by reference, describe patient positioning assemblies and patient positioning systems for orienting a patient relative to a static radiation source and moving, positioning, and / or rotating the patient's body as needed for imaging or treatment. Alignment of the patient positioning assembly and patient positioning system with the radiation source can improve treatment and imaging of the patient. Therefore, the use of medical radiation systems would benefit from techniques related to aligning the medical radiation system with a patient positioning assembly or patient positioning system. Summary of the invention

[0005] Provided herein are technologies relating to medical radiation systems, and particularly, but not exclusively, to devices, methods, and systems for aligning a radiation source with a patient positioning system and / or a patient rotation system for medical diagnostic imaging and / or radiation therapy.

[0006] In particular, the technology provided herein relates to medical diagnostic (e.g., imaging) and / or therapeutic radiation technology, in which a patient support assembly (e.g., including a patient) rotates around an axis described herein. The technology provides adjustment of the rotation axis of the patient support assembly (e.g., including the patient) by calculating compensating translations of the patient support assembly and / or the patient along one or more of three translation axes to align the imaging beam and / or the therapeutic beam with any point in the patient's body. In addition, in some embodiments, the technology provides adjustment of any rotation axis of the patient support assembly (e.g., including the patient) by calculating compensating translations of the patient along one or more translation axes to align the imaging and / or therapeutic beam with any point in the patient's body. In particular, an embodiment provides a method in which a first step includes calculating compensating translations along one or more axes; and a second step includes vector adding independent translations.

[0007] Therefore, in some embodiments, the present technology provides a method for aligning a medical radiation system including a patient rotation system and a radiation source. For example, in some embodiments, the method includes: rotating the patient rotation system about a rotation axis; detecting a radiation beam from the radiation source to generate an image of a reference target positioned on a patient support assembly of the patient rotation system; analyzing the image to determine a displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis; and adjusting the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the displacement is determined by comparing the position and orientation of the reference target relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, adjusting the patient support assembly includes aligning the rotation center of the reference target with the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the method further includes: analyzing the image to position the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis; and adjusting the radiation source so that the central axis of the radiation beam intersects the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the patient rotation system includes a base configured to rotate. In some embodiments, the base supports the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly is configured to move with six degrees of freedom relative to the base. In some embodiments, adjusting the patient support assembly includes achieving translational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base. In some embodiments, adjusting the patient support assembly includes achieving rotational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base. In some embodiments, rotating the patient rotation system includes rotating the base, and the rotation axis is the axis of the base. In some embodiments, the rotation axis is the axis of symmetry of the base. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system further includes an imaging device for detecting the radiation beam and generating an image of a reference target. In some embodiments, the imaging device is positioned relative to the patient support assembly and opposite to the radiation source. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target includes at least two images of the reference target generated for different rotation angles of the patient rotation system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the reference target includes a body and one or more markers fixed to the body in a pre-arranged configuration. In some embodiments, the one or more markers are fixed to the body in a pre-arranged configuration so that each marker is at least partially exposed to the radiation beam at each rotation angle of the patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the one or more markers are disposed on an imaginary plane in the body, and wherein, when the reference target is positioned on the patient support assembly, the imaginary plane is inclined relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the reference target includes a center marker disposed in the body at the center of rotation of the reference target. In some embodiments, the body is transparent (e.g., radiolucent) to the radiation beam. In some embodiments, the one or more markers are opaque (e.g., radiopaque) to the radiation beam. In some embodiments, the radiation source is an imaging radiation source or a therapeutic radiation source.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radiation source is a first radiation source (e.g., generating a first radiation beam) and the medical radiation system further includes a second radiation source (e.g., generating a second radiation beam). In some embodiments, the method further includes: detecting a second radiation beam from the second radiation source to generate an additional image of the reference target; analyzing the additional image to locate a central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation; and adjusting the second radiation source so that the central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting at least one of the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source so that the central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the central axis of the first radiation beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method further comprises attaching a reference target to the patient support assembly.In some embodiments, the patient support assembly comprises an interface for attaching the reference target at a fixed location on the patient support assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, the technology provides a system. For example, in some embodiments, the system includes: a medical radiation system; and a reference target, the reference target including a body and one or more markers fixed to the body in a pre-arranged configuration. In some embodiments, the system includes a detector. In some embodiments, the system includes a patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly includes an interface configured to accept the reference target. In some embodiments, the system is configured to rotate the reference target around an axis orthogonal to the axis between the source and the detector. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system includes a static source. In some embodiments, the system includes a software component, the software component including instructions for: rotating the patient rotation system around the rotation axis; controlling the radiation beam; receiving signals and / or data from the detector to generate an image; analyzing the image to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis; analyzing the image to locate the isocenter of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis; and / or determining the displacement of the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the system includes a component configured to adjust the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis of the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, a system includes a component configured to adjust a position of a radiation source and / or a position of a beam generated by the radiation source.

[0012] Some parts of this specification describe the implementation of the technology in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of information operations. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are often used by technicians in the field of data processing to effectively convey the essence of their work to other technicians in the field. Although these operations are described functionally, computationally or logically, they should be understood to be implemented by computer programs or equivalent circuits, microcodes, etc. In addition, without loss of generality, it is sometimes convenient to refer to these operational arrangements as modules. The described operations and their associated modules can be embodied in software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof.

[0013] Certain steps, operations or processes described herein may be performed or implemented using one or more hardware or software modules, alone or in combination with other devices. In some embodiments, the software module is implemented using a computer program product that includes a computer-readable medium containing computer program code that can be executed by a computer processor to perform any or all of the steps, operations or processes described.

[0014] In some embodiments, the system includes a virtually provided computer and / or data storage (e.g., as a cloud computing resource). In a specific embodiment, the technology includes using cloud computing to provide a virtual computer system that includes components as described herein and / or performs the functions of a computer as described herein. Thus, in some embodiments, cloud computing provides infrastructure, applications, and software as described herein over a network and / or via the Internet. In some embodiments, computing resources (e.g., data analysis, computing, data storage, applications, file storage, etc.) are provided remotely over a network (e.g., the Internet; and / or a cellular network).

[0015] Embodiments of the technology may also relate to a device for performing the operations herein. The device may be specially constructed for the desired purpose and / or it may include a general-purpose computing device that is selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in a computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a non-transitory, tangible computer-readable storage medium or any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions, which may be connected to a computer system bus. In addition, any computing system mentioned in the specification may include a single processor or may be an architecture that employs a multi-processor design to increase computing power.

[0016] Other implementations will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant arts based on the teachings contained herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present technology will be better understood with reference to the following drawings.

[0018] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram showing a perspective view of an example medical radiation system.

[0019] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram showing a top view of a medical radiation system.

[0020] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram showing a top view of a medical radiation system. A patient is positioned in the beam path.

[0021] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram showing a top view of a medical radiation system comprising two sources. A patient is positioned in the path of a beam generated by one of the two sources.

[0022] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram showing a top view of a medical radiation system comprising two sources. A patient is positioned in the path of a beam generated by one of the two sources.

[0023] Figure 1Fis a schematic diagram showing a top view of a medical radiation system. A reference target is positioned in the beam path.

[0024] Figure 2 is a block diagram of an example method for aligning a medical radiation system.

[0025] Figure 3 is shown with Figure 2 The method is used together with an instance of the reference target's perspective diagram.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a top view of a reference target.

[0027] It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, nor are the objects in the drawings necessarily drawn in proportional relationship to each other. The drawings are intended to make the various embodiments of the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein clear and understandable. In all drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar parts as much as possible. In addition, it should be understood that the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present teachings in any way. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Provided herein are technologies related to medical radiation systems, and in particular, but not exclusively, to technologies for devices, methods, and systems for aligning a radiation source with a patient positioning system and / or a patient rotation system for medical diagnostic imaging and / or radiotherapy. In some embodiments, the present technology provides embodiments of methods for aligning a medical radiation system including a patient rotation system and a radiation source. In some embodiments, the method includes rotating the patient rotation system about an axis of rotation, detecting a radiation beam from the radiation source, and generating an image of a reference target positioned on a patient support assembly of the patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the method further includes: analyzing the image to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation, and adjusting the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the method further includes: analyzing the image to determine the displacement of the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation, and adjusting the radiation source so that the central axis of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation.

[0029] In the detailed description of various embodiments, for the purpose of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these various embodiments may be practiced with or without these specific details. In other cases, structures and devices are shown in block diagram form. In addition, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the particular order of presentation and execution methods is illustrative, and it is contemplated that the order may vary and still remain within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments disclosed herein.

[0030] All documents and similar materials cited in this application, including but not limited to patents, patent applications, articles, books, papers and Internet web pages, are expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety for any purpose. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments described herein belong. When the definitions of terms in the incorporated references differ from the definitions provided in this teaching, the definitions provided in this teaching shall prevail. The section headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the subject matter described in any way.

[0031] definition

[0032] To facilitate understanding of the present technology, various terms and phrases are defined below. Additional definitions are set forth throughout the detailed description.

[0033] Throughout the specification and claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the following terms have the meanings clearly associated with them herein. As used herein, the phrase "in one embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may refer to the same embodiment. In addition, as used herein, the phrase "in another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment, although it may refer to a different embodiment. Therefore, as described below, various embodiments of the present invention may be easily combined without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention.

[0034] In addition, as used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the term "or" is an inclusive "or" operator and is equivalent to the term "and / or". Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the term "based on" is not exclusive and allows for being based on additional factors that are not described. In addition, throughout the specification, the meaning of "a / an" and "the" includes plural references. The meaning of "in..." includes "in..." and "on...".

[0035] As used herein, the terms "about," "approximately," "substantially," and "significantly" are understood by those of ordinary skill in the art and will vary to some extent depending on the context in which they are used. If the use of these terms is not clear to one of ordinary skill in the art considering the context in which they are used, "about" and "approximately" mean plus or minus less than or equal to 10% of the particular term, and "substantially" and "significantly" mean plus or minus greater than 10% of the particular term.

[0036] As used herein, the disclosure of a range includes disclosure of all values ​​within the entire range and further divided ranges (including endpoints and subranges provided for the range). As used herein, the disclosure of a numerical range includes endpoints and each intermediate number with the same degree of accuracy therebetween. For example, for a range of 6-9, in addition to 6 and 9, numerals 7 and 8 are also contemplated, and for a range of 6.0-7.0, numerals 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9 and 7.0 are clearly contemplated.

[0037] As used herein, the suffix "-without" refers to embodiments of the technology that omit features of the base root of the word to which "-without" is appended. That is, the term "without X" as used herein means "without X," where X is a feature of the technology omitted from the "without X" technology. For example, a "calcium-free" composition does not include calcium, a "no mixing" process does not include a mixing step, etc.

[0038] Although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this article to describe various steps, elements, compositions, components, regions, layers and / or parts, unless otherwise specified, these steps, elements, compositions, components, regions, layers and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish a step, element, composition, component, region, layer and / or part from another step, element, composition, component, region, layer and / or part. Unless the context clearly indicates, the terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms used herein do not imply a sequence or order. Therefore, without departing from the technology, the first step, element, composition, component, region, layer or part discussed herein may be referred to as a second step, element, composition, component, region, layer or part.

[0039] As used herein, the words "present" or "absent" (or alternatively, "existing" or "absent") are used in a relative sense to describe the amount or level of a particular entity (e.g., a component, function, element). For example, when an entity is referred to as being "present," this means that the level or amount of the entity is above a predetermined threshold; conversely, when an entity is referred to as being "absent," this means that the level or amount of the entity is below a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold may be a detectability threshold or any other threshold associated with a particular test for detecting the entity. When an entity is "detected," it is "present"; when an entity is "not detected," it is "absent."

[0040] As used herein, "increase" or "decrease" refers to a detectable (e.g., measured) positive or negative change in the value of a variable relative to a previously measured variable value, relative to a predetermined value, and / or relative to a standard control value, respectively. An increase is a positive change relative to a previously measured variable value, a predetermined value, and / or a standard control value of preferably at least 10%, more preferably 50%, still more preferably 2 times, even more preferably at least 5 times, and most preferably at least 10 times. Similarly, a decrease is a negative change of a previously measured variable value, a predetermined value, and / or a standard control value of preferably at least 10%, more preferably 50%, still more preferably at least 80%, and most preferably at least 90%. Other terms indicating a quantitative change or difference, such as "more" or "less", are used in the same manner as described above herein.

[0041] As used herein, "system" refers to a plurality of real and / or abstract components that operate together for a common purpose. In some embodiments, a "system" is an integrated assembly of hardware and / or software components. In some embodiments, each component of the system interacts with and / or is related to one or more other components. In some embodiments, a system refers to a combination of components and software used to control and guide methods. For example, a "system" or "subsystem" may include one or more or any combination of the following: mechanical devices, hardware, components of hardware, circuits, lines, logical designs, logical components, software, software modules, components of software or software modules, software processes, software instructions, software routines, software objects, software functions, software classes, software programs, files containing software, etc., to perform the functions of the system or subsystem. Therefore, the methods and devices of the embodiments, or some aspects or portions thereof, may take the form of program codes (e.g., instructions) embodied in tangible media such as floppy disks, CD-ROMs, hard drives, flash memory, or any other machine-readable storage medium, wherein when the program code is loaded into and executed by a machine such as a computer, the machine becomes a device for practicing the embodiments. In the case where the program code is executed on a programmable computer, the computing device generally includes a processor, a storage medium readable by the processor (e.g., volatile and non-volatile memory and / or storage element), at least one input device, and at least one output device. One or more programs can implement or utilize the process described in conjunction with the embodiment, for example, by using an application program interface (API), reusable controls, etc. Such programs are preferably implemented in a high-level process or object-oriented programming language to communicate with the computer system. However, if necessary, one or more programs can be implemented in assembly language or machine language. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language and combined with a hardware implementation.

[0042] As used herein, the term "computed tomography" is abbreviated as "CT" and refers to both tomographic and non-tomographic radiography. For example, the term "CT" refers to various forms of CT, including but not limited to x-ray CT, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and photon counting computed tomography. In general, computed tomography (CT) includes the use of an x-ray source and a detector that rotates around a patient and then reconstructs the image into different planes. In embodiments of CT described herein (e.g., devices, apparatus, and methods provided for CT), the x-ray source is a static source and the patient rotates relative to the static source. The x-ray current used in CT describes the current flow from the cathode to the anode and is typically measured in milliamperes (mA).

[0043] As used herein, the term "constructed to [verb]" means that the identified element or assembly has a structure that is shaped, sized, arranged, connected, and / or configured to perform the identified verb. For example, a member that is "constructed to move" is movably connected to another element and includes an element that causes the member to move, or the member is otherwise configured to move in response to other elements or assemblies. Therefore, as used herein, "constructed to [verb]" describes structure rather than function. In addition, as used herein, "constructed to [verb]" means that the identified element or assembly is intended and designed to perform the identified verb.

[0044] As used herein, the term "associated" means that the elements are part of the same assembly and / or function together or interact with each other / with each other in some manner. For example, a car has four tires and four hubcaps. Although all elements are connected as part of the car, it is understood that each hubcap is "associated" with a specific tire.

[0045] As used herein, the term "coupled" refers to two or more parts that are fixed together by any suitable means. Therefore, in some embodiments, the expression that two or more parts or components are "coupled" should mean that these parts are directly or indirectly connected or operated together, such as through one or more intermediate parts or components. As used herein, "directly coupled" means that two elements are directly in contact with each other. As used herein, "fixed coupling" or "fixed" means that two parts are coupled so as to move as a whole while maintaining a constant direction relative to each other. Therefore, when two elements are coupled, all parts of these elements are coupled. However, when describing that a specific part of a first element is coupled to a second element, for example, the first end of an axle is coupled to a first wheel, it means that a specific part of the first element is arranged closer to the second element than other parts thereof. In addition, unless the upper object is otherwise substantially maintained in place, an object resting on another object that is held in place only by gravity will not be "coupled" to the lower object. That is, for example, a book on a table is not coupled to it, but a book stuck to the table is coupled to it.

[0046] As used herein, the term "removably coupled" or "temporarily coupled" means that one component is coupled to another component in a substantially temporary manner. That is, the two components are coupled in a manner that connection or separation of the components is easy and does not damage the components. Thus, "removably coupled" components are easily uncoupled and recoupled without causing damage to the components.

[0047] As used herein, the term "operably coupled" means that a plurality of elements or components are coupled so that when a first element is moved from one position / configuration to another position, a second element also moves between positions / configurations, wherein each of the plurality of elements or components is movable between the first position and the second position, or between the first configuration and the second configuration. It is noteworthy that a first element is "operably coupled" to another element and vice versa.

[0048] As used herein, the term "rotatably coupled" refers to two or more components being coupled in a manner such that at least one component is able to rotate relative to another component.

[0049] As used herein, the term "translatably coupled" refers to two or more components being coupled in a manner such that at least one component is capable of translation relative to another component.

[0050] As used herein, the term "temporarily disposed" means that a first element or component is placed on a second element or component in a manner that allows the first element / component to be moved without decoupling or otherwise manipulating the first element. For example, a book is simply placed on a table, e.g., the book is not glued or fastened to the table, but is "temporarily disposed" on the table.

[0051] As used herein, the term "corresponding" means that the size and shape of two structural components are similar to each other and are coupled with a minimum amount of friction. Therefore, the size of the opening that "corresponds" to a component is slightly larger than the component, so that the component can pass through the opening with a minimum amount of friction. If two components fit together "tightly", this definition can be modified. In this case, the difference between the sizes of the components is even smaller, so that the amount of friction increases. If the elements defining the opening and / or the components inserted into the opening are made of deformable or compressible materials, the opening can even be slightly smaller than the components inserted into the opening. With respect to surfaces, shapes and lines, two or more "corresponding" surfaces, shapes or lines generally have the same size, shape and profile.

[0052] As used herein, a "path of travel" or "path" when used in connection with a moving element includes the space through which the element moves when in motion. Thus, an inherently moving element has a "path of travel" or "path."

[0053] As used herein, the statement that two or more parts or components "engage" one another shall mean that the elements apply a force or bias to one another, either directly or through one or more intermediate elements or components. In addition, as used herein with respect to a moving part, the moving part may "engage" another element during movement from one position to another and / or may "engage" another element once in the described position. Therefore, it should be understood that the statements "when element A moves to the element A first position, element A engages element B" and "when element A is in the element A first position, element A engages element B" are equivalent statements and mean that element A either engages element B when moving to the element A first position and / or element A either engages element B when in the element A first position.

[0054] As used herein, the term "operably engaged" means "engage and move." That is, when used relative to a first component that is configured to move a movable or rotatable second component, "operably engaged" means that the first component applies a force sufficient to cause the second component to move. For example, a screwdriver is placed in contact with a screw. When no force is applied to the screwdriver, the screwdriver is simply "coupled" to the screw. If an axial force is applied to the screwdriver, the screwdriver presses on the screw and "engages" the screw. However, when a rotational force is applied to the screwdriver, the screwdriver "operably engages" the screw and causes the screw to rotate. In addition, for electronic components, "operably engaged" means that one component controls another component by controlling a signal or current.

[0055] As used herein, the term "number" shall mean one or an integer greater than one (eg, a plurality).

[0056] As used herein, in the phrases “[x] moves between its first position and the second position” or “[y] is configured to move [x] between its first position and the second position”, “[x]” is the name of an element or component. In addition, when [x] is an element or component that moves between multiple positions, the pronoun “its” means “[x]”, i.e., the named element or component preceding the pronoun “its”.

[0057] As used herein, a "radial side / surface" of a circular or cylindrical body is a side / surface that extends around or around a height line through its center or through its center. As used herein, an "axial side / surface" of a circular or cylindrical body is a side that extends in a plane that extends generally perpendicular to a height line through the center. That is, generally speaking, for a cylindrical soup can, a "radial side / surface" is the generally circular sidewall, and the "one or more axial sides / surfaces" are the top and bottom of the soup can.

[0058] As used herein, a "diagnostic" test includes detecting or identifying a disease state or condition in a subject, determining the likelihood that a subject is infected with a given disease or condition, determining the likelihood that a subject with a disease or condition will respond to a treatment, determining the prognosis (or its likely progression or regression) of a subject with a disease or condition, and determining the effect of a treatment on a subject with a disease or condition. For example, a diagnostic can be used to detect the presence or likelihood that a subject has cancer, or the likelihood that such a subject will respond favorably to a compound (e.g., a drug, such as a pharmaceutical) or other treatment.

[0059] As used herein, the term "disorder" generally refers to a disease, condition, injury, event, or change in health status.

[0060] As used herein, the term "treating" or "treatment" with respect to a condition refers to preventing the condition, slowing the onset or rate of development of the condition, reducing the risk of developing the condition, preventing or delaying the development of symptoms associated with the condition, reducing or ending symptoms associated with the condition, producing complete or partial regression of the condition, or some combination thereof. In some embodiments, "treatment" includes exposing a patient or a portion thereof (e.g., a tissue, organ, body part, or other local area of ​​the patient's body) to radiation (e.g., electromagnetic radiation, ionizing radiation).

[0061] As used herein, the term "beam" refers to a stream of radiation (e.g., electromagnetic waves and / or particle radiation). In some embodiments, the beam is generated by a source and is confined to a small solid angle. In some embodiments, the beam is collimated. In some embodiments, the beam is generally unidirectional. In some embodiments, the beam is divergent.

[0062] As used herein, the term "patient" or "subject" refers to a mammal that is identified and / or selected for imaging and / or treatment with radiation. Thus, in some embodiments, the patient or subject is exposed to a beam of radiation, such as a primary beam generated by a radiation source. In some embodiments, the patient or subject is a human. In some embodiments, the patient or subject is a veterinary or farm animal, livestock or pet, or an animal used in clinical research. In some embodiments, the subject or patient has cancer and / or the subject or patient has been identified as having cancer or at risk of developing cancer.

[0063] As used herein, the term "treatment volume" or "imaging volume" refers to a volume (e.g., tissue) of a patient that is selected for imaging and / or treatment with radiation. For example, in some embodiments, the "treatment volume" or "imaging volume" includes a tumor in a cancer patient. As used herein, the term "healthy tissue" refers to a volume (e.g., tissue) of a patient that is not and / or does not include the treatment volume. In some embodiments, the imaging volume is larger than the treatment volume and includes the treatment volume.

[0064] As used herein, the term "radiation source" or "source" refers to a device that produces radiation (e.g., ionizing radiation) in the form of photons (e.g., described as particles or waves). In some embodiments, the radiation source is a linear accelerator ("linear accelerator") that produces x-rays or electrons to treat cancer patients by contacting tumors with x-ray or electron beams. In some embodiments, the source produces particles (e.g., photons, electrons, neutrons, hadrons, ions (e.g., protons, carbon ions, other heavy ions)). In some embodiments, the source produces electromagnetic waves (e.g., x-rays and gamma rays with wavelengths ranging from about 1 pm to about 1 nm). Although it is understood that radiation can be described as having wave-particle duality, it is sometimes convenient to refer to radiation as waves and sometimes to refer to radiation as particles. Therefore, without limiting the technology and understanding the laws of quantum mechanics that stipulate that each particle or quantum entity is described as a particle or a wave, both descriptions will be used throughout.

[0065] As used herein, the term "static source" refers to a source that does not rotate around a patient during imaging or treatment using the source. In particular, a "static source" remains fixed relative to an axis passing through the patient while imaging or treating the patient. Although the patient may rotate around the axis to produce a relative motion between the static source and the rotating patient that is equivalent to the relative motion of the source rotating around the static patient, during imaging or treatment, the static source does not move with reference to a third object, a reference system (such as the treatment room in which the patient is located), or the patient's rotation axis, although the patient rotates relative to the third object, the reference system (such as the treatment room in which the patient is located), or the patient's rotation axis during imaging or treatment. Therefore, the static source is mounted on a mobile platform and when the mobile platform moves to transport the static source, the static source can therefore move relative to the ground and fixed objects on the ground. Therefore, the term "static source" can refer to a mobile "static source" provided that the mobile "static source" does not rotate around the rotation axis passing through the patient during imaging or treatment of the patient. Additionally, the static source can translate and / or rotate around the patient to position the static source before or after imaging or treatment of the patient. Thus, the term "static source" can refer to a source that translates or rotates around the patient during non-imaging and non-treatment use of the patient, such as positioning the source relative to the patient when the patient is not undergoing imaging and / or treatment. In some embodiments, the "static source" is a photon source and is therefore referred to as a "static photon source."

[0066] As used herein, the term "detector" refers to a sensor for detecting photons, such as photons generated by a source, such as a static source. Thus, embodiments provide detectors for imaging and / or for aligning a patient support. In some embodiments, the detector is an electromagnetic radiation detector, an x-ray detector, a photon detector, and / or a gamma ray detector. Thus, in some embodiments, the detector can detect photons of visible light. Embodiments provide detectors for CT, PET, SPECT, photon counting computed tomography, and / or portal imaging.

[0067] The detector may include a plurality of "detector elements," each of which includes an array of pixels. As used herein, the term "pixel" when referring to a detector refers to the smallest discrete element that performs photon sensing by a photon detector element and, therefore, also by the detector. In some embodiments, a pixel has an area of ​​approximately 1 mm×1 mm. The detector element includes a component for detecting photons at each pixel and a component for outputting an electrical signal (e.g., a current or voltage) corresponding to the photons detected by each pixel of the detector element for each pixel. An integrated ("indirect") detector element includes a scintillator and a photodiode (e.g., a semiconductor). Photons striking the scintillator generate a number of visible light photons that are absorbed by the photodiode. The photodiode measures the amount of light generated by the scintillator and generates an electrical signal (e.g., a current or voltage) proportional to the total energy deposited during the measurement interval. A photon counting ("direct") detector element includes a photodiode (e.g., a semiconductor) that generates a current or voltage for each photon detected by the photodiode (the photon counting detector element does not include a scintillator). Photons absorbed in the semiconductor generate pairs of positive and negative charges that are away from each other due to the voltage applied to the semiconductor. The moved charges generate an electrical signal that is provided to an electronic readout circuit. For example, a photon counting detector element may include a multi-channel analyzer that discriminates photons based on photon energy and sorts photons into energy channels based on photon energy. Thus, a photon counting detector element may be used to generate a photon energy spectrum.

[0068] As used herein, the term "module" or "detector module" refers to a discrete component of a detector that includes a plurality of detector elements. Thus, a plurality of detector modules can be assembled to provide a detector having a desired design and a plurality of detector elements, for example, arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns in some embodiments.

[0069] Thus, the detector may comprise a plurality of detector modules, the detector modules may comprise a plurality of detector elements, and the detector elements may comprise a plurality of pixels.

[0070] As used herein, the term "Z" refers to the atomic number (eg, the atomic number of an element and / or the atomic number of a material comprising an element). As used herein, "Z" of a material refers to the atomic number of one or more elements from which the material is made.

[0071] As used herein, the term "effective atomic number" or "Z eff ” refers to the effective atomic number or average atomic number of a compound or material mixture (such as an alloy). effCan be determined experimentally or estimated from calculations described by: Murty (1965) "Effective Atomic Numbers of Heterogeneous Materials" Nature 207(4995):398–99; Taylor (2008) "The effective atomic number of dosimetric gels" Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine 31(2):131–38; Taylor(2009) “Electron Interaction with Gel Dosimeters: Effective Atomic Numbers for Collisional, Radiative and Total Interaction Processes” Radiation Research 171(1):123–26; Taylor(2011) “Robust determination of effective atomic numbers forelectron interactions with TLD-100and TLD-100H thermoluminescent dosimeters" Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:BeamInteractions with Materials and Atoms 269(8):770–73; and Taylor (2012) “Robustcalculation of effective atomic numbers: The Auto-Z eff software” Medical Physics 39(4):1769–78, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Auto-Z described by Taylor eff Free software for calculating the Z of a compound or material mixture eff .

[0072] As used herein, the term "attenuation coefficient" or "linear attenuation coefficient" refers to a measure of the extent to which the radiant flux of a beam is reduced when the beam passes through a particular material, for example due to absorption and / or scattering. A "mass attenuation coefficient" of a material may be used, where the attenuation coefficient is normalized to the per unit density of the material, thereby providing a constant value for a given element or compound.

[0073] Embodiments of the technology described herein involve translation along an axis and / or rotation about an axis. In some embodiments, a coordinate system is used that includes an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis defined relative to a patient support and / or a patient. See Figure 1A .like Figure 1A As shown, embodiments use a coordinate system in which an X-axis and a Y-axis are located together and / or define a horizontal plane, and a Z-axis is located together and / or defines a vertical axis. Relative to a patient positioned on a patient support (e.g., a patient positioning device), the X-axis is a left-right axis, a horizontal axis, or a frontal axis; the Y-axis is an anteroposterior axis, a dorsoventral axis, or a sagittal axis; and the Z-axis is a sagittal axis or a longitudinal axis. The X-axis and the Y-axis are located together and / or define a horizontal, transverse, and / or axial plane. The Y-axis and the Z-axis are located together and / or define a sagittal or longitudinal plane. The X-axis and the Z-axis are located together and / or define a frontal plane or a coronal plane.

[0074] Thus, in some embodiments, a description of "forward" or "backward" movement is movement along the Y axis; a description of "left" or "right" movement is movement along the X axis; and a description of "up" and "down" movement is movement along the Z axis. Additionally, a description of a "roll" rotation is a rotation about the Y axis; a description of a "pitch" rotation is a rotation about the X axis; and a description of a "yaw" rotation is a rotation about the Z axis. Thus, in some embodiments, technology is described as having six degrees of freedom, e.g., translation along one or more of the X, Y, and / or Z axes; and / or rotation about one or more of the X, Y, and / or Z axes.

[0075] Medical Radiation Systems

[0076] In some embodiments, the technology involves aligning components of a medical radiation system. In some embodiments, for example, Figures 1A to 1FAs shown, the technology relates to a medical radiation system 100. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system 100 includes a patient rotation system 110 configured to rotate about a rotation axis. In some embodiments, the patient rotation system 110 includes a patient positioning system (e.g., including a patient positioning device or a configurable patient support assembly 120) mounted on a base 130. The base 130 is configured to rotate about an axis 131 of the base 130. In some embodiments, the base 130 is configured to rotate about a vertical symmetry axis of the base 130. In some embodiments, the patient positioning system, the patient positioning device, and / or the configurable patient support 120 are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20200268327 and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 237,513, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0077] The patient support assembly 120 is configured to support the patient 140 in an upright (e.g., standing, sitting, perched) position during radiation therapy or imaging. Thus, embodiments provide that the configurable patient support assembly 120 is adjustable to support the patient 140 in an upright (e.g., standing, sitting, perched) position or any other position in which the torso of the patient 140 is in a generally vertical or upright position (e.g., semi-standing position, crouching position). In some embodiments, the patient support assembly 120 includes support members such as a seat, backrest, headrest, armrest, shin rest, foot support (e.g., heel stop), and / or footrest to assist in supporting and / or securing the patient 140 in a given position. In some embodiments, for example, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 63 / 237,513, which is incorporated herein by reference, the configurable patient support assembly 120 includes one or more configurable and movable components, such as a backrest (e.g., a configurable and movable backrest), a headrest (e.g., a configurable and movable headrest), an armrest (e.g., a configurable and movable armrest), a seat member (e.g., a configurable and movable seat member), a tibia support (e.g., a configurable and movable tibia support) and / or a foot support (e.g., a configurable and movable foot support). In some embodiments, one or more configurable and movable components of the configurable patient support include one or more powered components, such as, for example, a powered backrest (e.g., a backrest operably engaged with a backrest motor), a powered headrest (e.g., a headrest operably engaged with a headrest motor), a powered armrest (e.g., an armrest operably engaged with an armrest motor), a powered seat member (e.g., a seat member operably engaged with a seat member motor), a powered tibia support (e.g., a tibia support operably engaged with a tibia support motor), and / or a powered foot support (e.g., a powered foot support operably engaged with a foot support motor). In some embodiments, the backrest motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the backrest, the headrest motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the headrest, the armrest motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the armrest, the seat component motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the seat component, the shin support motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the shin support and / or the foot support motor is configured to move (e.g., translate and / or rotate) the foot support. In some embodiments, the technology provides a configurable patient support 120 configured in a static configuration. In some embodiments, the technology provides a configurable patient support 120 that is configured to be dynamically configured (e.g., a configuration that moves to assist patient movement, such as for patient entry and / or for patient exit). See, U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 237,513, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0078] In some embodiments, the patient support assembly 120 is operably coupled to the base 130 such that the patient support assembly 120 rotates with the base 130 (e.g., about the axis 131). However, the patient support assembly 120 can be adjustably mounted to the base 130 to adjust the position and / or orientation of the patient support assembly 120 relative to the base 130. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly 120 is configured to move with six degrees of freedom, allowing translation along three perpendicular axes (e.g., two axes in the horizontal plane and a vertical axis; see Figure 1A ) and rotation about three perpendicular axes (e.g., yaw, pitch, and roll; see Figure 1A ). See, U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 237,513, which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, patient support assembly 120 is movable with less than six degrees of freedom.

[0079] In some embodiments, the medical radiation system 100 includes a first radiation source 150 configured to generate a beam 151 of electromagnetic radiation. In some embodiments, the first radiation source 150 is a kilovolt (kV) or megavolt (MV) x-ray radiation source. The first radiation source 150 can be a therapeutic radiation source or an imaging radiation source. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system further includes a second radiation source 152 configured to generate a second beam 153 of electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, in some embodiments, the medical radiation system 100 includes two radiation sources, such as a first radiation source as a therapeutic radiation source and a second radiation source as an imaging radiation source. In some embodiments, the radiation source 150 is a static source, such as a source that is not movable during normal operation (e.g., during radiotherapy). Therefore, the radiation source 150 can be translated, rotated, and / or rotated during a calibration or alignment procedure. In some embodiments, the first radiation source 150 is a static source and / or the second radiation source 152 is a static source. Therefore, the first radiation source 150 and / or the second radiation source 152 can be translated, rotated, and / or rotated during a calibration or alignment procedure.

[0080] In addition, embodiments provide that the radiation beam 151 from the first radiation source 150 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 of the base 130 (e.g., after an alignment procedure) and / or the radiation beam 153 from the second radiation source 152 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 of the base 130 (e.g., after an alignment procedure). In some embodiments, the radiation sources 150 are oriented so that the radiation beam 151 intersects the rotation axis 131. In some embodiments, the isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the rotation axis 131.

[0081] In some embodiments, the radiation source 150 is configured to direct the radiation beam 151 in the direction of the patient support assembly 120. Thus, when the patient 140 is positioned on the patient support assembly 120, the radiation source 150 is configured to direct the radiation beam 151 in the direction of the patient 140. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system 100 includes a detector 160 (e.g., a detection panel) disposed opposite the radiation source 150 to detect the radiation beam 151 passing through the patient 140. In some embodiments, the detector 160 is an imaging device that generates a signal and / or data for generating an image generated by the radiation beam 151. In some embodiments, an additional (e.g., second) detector 162 is associated with a second radiation source 152 of the medical radiation system 100. In some embodiments, for example, as further described herein, a reference target 170 (e.g., a reference target 170 (e.g., such as a body and a plurality of markers fixed to the body) is associated with the medical radiation system 100. Figure 3 and Figure 4 ) is placed between the radiation source 150 and the detector 160 (e.g., a detection panel). In some embodiments, for example, as further described herein, the reference target 170 (e.g., a reference target 170 including a body and a plurality of markers fixed to the body (e.g., as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 ) is placed between the second radiation source 152 and the second detector 162 (e.g., a detection panel). In some embodiments, the present technology provides a system including the medical radiation system 100 and a reference target 170 (e.g., a reference target 170 including a body and a plurality of markers fixed to the body (e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4 )).

[0082] method

[0083] In some embodiments, for example, Figure 2 As shown, the technology provides a method for rotating a medical radiation system (e.g., a medical radiation system including a patient rotation system and a radiation source) (e.g., as Figure 1A -F) is shown. In some embodiments, the method 200 includes rotating 210 a patient rotation system about a rotation axis. In some embodiments, the method 200 includes detecting 220 a radiation beam from a radiation source to generate an image of a reference target positioned on a patient support assembly of the patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the reference target is an embodiment of a reference target 300 as described herein (see, e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4). In some embodiments, the method 200 includes analyzing 230 the image to determine a displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the method 200 includes adjusting 240 the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation.

[0084] In some embodiments, the method 200 may be used to align a medical radiation system, such as the medical radiation system 100 shown in FIG1. ​​However, the technique is not limited to aligning the medical radiation system 100 shown in FIG1. ​​Thus, the technique may be used to align any other medical radiation system, such as a radiation therapy system or a medical imaging system.

[0085] In some embodiments, the patient rotation system includes a base configured to rotate. In some embodiments, the base is configured to rotate relative to an axis of the base, such as a symmetrical vertical axis of the base. In some embodiments, the base supports a patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly is adjustably mounted to the base. In some embodiments, adjusting the patient support assembly includes achieving translational movement and / or rotational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base. In some embodiments, adjusting the patient support assembly includes translating and / or rotating one or more of the following: a backrest (e.g., a configurable and movable backrest), a headrest (e.g., a configurable and movable headrest), an armrest (e.g., a configurable and movable armrest), a seat member (e.g., a configurable and movable seat member), a shin support (e.g., a configurable and movable shin support) and / or a foot support (e.g., a configurable and movable foot support).

[0086] In some embodiments, the base is fixed in one position (e.g., the floor of the medical provider), for example, the axis of the base is located in a fixed position (e.g., the floor of the medical provider), and the base is configured to rotate relative to the axis and / or the floor. Thus, embodiments provide that the base includes an axis, and the axis of the base further defines a system rotation axis, and components of the medical radiation system (e.g., a patient support assembly and a radiation source) are adjusted to be aligned relative to the system rotation axis. In some embodiments, components mounted to the patient rotation system (e.g., a patient positioning system, a patient positioning device, and / or a patient support assembly) are aligned (e.g., centered or zeroed) relative to a fixed rotation axis. For example, in some embodiments, horizontal displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis may cause the center of the patient support assembly to precess around the rotation axis rather than rotate thereon (e.g., the rotation axis of the patient support assembly is misaligned, causing the rotation axis of the patient support assembly to rotate around a second axis, and the patient support assembly precesses around the second axis). Thus, embodiments provide that the central axis of the radiation beam is adjusted to align and point to the isocenter of the patient rotation system.

[0087] In some embodiments, for example, analyzing 230 the images to determine the displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis includes comparing the position and / or orientation of a reference target relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, adjusting 240 the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis includes aligning the center of rotation (or center of symmetry) of the reference target with the rotation axis.

[0088] In some embodiments, method 200 further includes analyzing the image to locate the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, analyzing the image to locate the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation includes analyzing the image to determine the displacement of the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation (e.g., the displacement between the central axis of the radiation beam and the axis of rotation). In some embodiments, method 200 further includes adjusting the radiation source so that the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, adjusting the radiation source so that the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation includes achieving translational and / or rotational movement of the radiation source. In some embodiments, adjusting the radiation source further includes adjusting or changing an operating characteristic of the radiation source to change the direction of the radiation beam.

[0089] In some embodiments, the medical radiation system includes a second radiation source. For example, in some embodiments, the medical radiation system includes a first radiation source and a second radiation source, the first radiation source is an imaging radiation source for producing an image of a patient during treatment, and the second radiation source is a medical or therapeutic radiation source for treating the patient. In some embodiments, the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source are static (e.g., after adjustment). In some embodiments, the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source are fixed in place during normal operation to prevent them from becoming misaligned.

[0090] In some embodiments, the method 200 further includes detecting a second radiation beam from a second radiation source, for example, to generate an additional image of the reference target. In some embodiments, the method 200 further includes analyzing the additional image to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the method 200 further includes: analyzing the additional image to locate the central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation or to determine the displacement of the central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation; and adjusting the radiation source so that the central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation.

[0091] In some embodiments, method 200 further includes adjusting the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source such that a central axis of the second radiation beam intersects a central axis of the first radiation beam. In some embodiments, the two radiation beams intersect at a rotation axis of the patient rotation system.

[0092] In some embodiments, the medical radiation system further includes an imaging device (e.g., a detector) for detecting the radiation beam and generating an image of the reference target. In some embodiments, the medical radiation system includes a plurality of imaging devices, each imaging device being associated with a different radiation source. In some embodiments, each imaging device is positioned relative to the patient support assembly to be opposite, or effectively or substantially opposite to the radiation source associated therewith. Thus, an embodiment provides that during execution of method 200, the reference target on the patient support assembly is positioned between the radiation source and its associated imaging device so that the radiation beam from the radiation source passes through the reference target before being received by the imaging device to generate an image of the reference target.

[0093] In some embodiments, the image of the reference target includes at least two images of the reference target generated for different rotation angles of the patient rotation system (e.g., at least a first image and a second image). In some embodiments, the image of the reference target includes at least four images of the reference target generated at orthogonal rotation angles of the patient rotation system (e.g., at least a first image, a second image, a third image, and a fourth image). In some embodiments, analyzing 230 images to determine the displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation includes generating multiple images of the reference target to provide a position of the reference target in three-dimensional space. Therefore, in some embodiments, method 200 includes providing a position of the reference target in three-dimensional space. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target generated by each radiation source is analyzed independently to position the reference target relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target generated by each radiation source is analyzed in combination to position the reference target relative to the axis of rotation.

[0094] In some embodiments, the reference target provides one or more reference points for determining the position of the patient support assembly or the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation or any other fixed axis, point, or location. In some embodiments, the reference target is a point or surface on the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the reference target is a separate device including a known size, composition (e.g., known material, known Z and / or known Z eff ) and a configured marker that is attached to the patient support assembly and rotated by the patient rotation system.

[0095] In some embodiments, a reference target is attached to a fixed position of the patient support assembly (and / or the patient rotation system) prior to rotating 210 the patient rotation system about the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the reference target is attached to the center of the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly is adjusted so that its center moves into alignment with the rotation axis of the patient rotation system, while the patient support assembly is adjusted 240 to align the patient support assembly with respect to the rotation axis.

[0096] In some embodiments, the reference target is attached to the patient support assembly using a quality assurance (QA) interface, guides, straps, webbing, or other fastening components provided on the patient support assembly.

[0097] In some embodiments, the reference target is attached to the patient support assembly via an interface. In some embodiments, the interface provides a fixed position of the reference target relative to the patient support assembly (and / or relative to the patient rotation system). For example, in some embodiments, the interface reliably positions the target at the center of the patient support assembly, thereby allowing the position and / or orientation of the patient support assembly to be determined by using the reference target. In some embodiments, the placement of the interface on the patient support assembly is used to calibrate and / or define the zero position of the patient support assembly (and / or for calibrating and / or defining the zero position of the patient rotation system). The offset or poor reproducibility of the placement of the reference target on the patient support assembly may cause a change in the apparent zero position after performing method 200. Therefore, in some embodiments, method 200 further includes attaching or mounting the reference target to the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly includes an interface for attaching or mounting the reference target at a fixed position on the patient support assembly.

[0098] In some embodiments, method 200 provides a method of minimizing the radiation isocenter of a treatment beam and / or imaging beam (e.g., by directing a central axis of the radiation beam to intersect an axis of rotation). In some embodiments, method 200 provides a method of aligning a treatment beam using features in an image of an edge of a beam shaping system. In some embodiments, a medical radiation system includes a beam shaping system that attenuates a treatment beam to shape its intensity distribution, e.g., to match the distribution of a tumor. In some embodiments, the method includes aligning the beam shaping system with the central axis of the treatment beam, e.g., to ensure that the shape of the radiation field is symmetrical about the central axis of the beam and / or to optimize the shape of collimator blades (which are adjustable portions of the beam shaping system).

[0099] Reference target

[0100] In some embodiments, for example, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the technique involves a reference target 300 (also referred to as a "reference phantom"). In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used in embodiments of the method 200 described herein.

[0101] In some embodiments, the reference target 300 includes a body 310 and a plurality of markers 320 secured to the body. In some embodiments, the plurality of markers 320 are secured to the body in a pre-arranged configuration. In some embodiments, the body 310 is made of a material having a low attenuation coefficient (e.g., a radio-transparent or "radio-lucent" material). In some embodiments, the body 310 includes a homogeneous material having a low attenuation coefficient (e.g., a radio-transparent or "radio-lucent" material). In some embodiments, the material having a low attenuation coefficient is, for example, poly(methyl methacrylate), which is also known as acrylic glass and is commercially sold under the name PERSPEX. In some embodiments, the body 310 includes a ridge.

[0102] In some embodiments, the marker 320 is made of a material having a high attenuation coefficient (e.g., a "radiopaque" material). In some embodiments, the material having a high attenuation coefficient is, for example, tungsten. Thus, when the reference target 300 is imaged using a radiation source, a contrast between the body 310 and the marker 320 is provided for distinguishing the body 310 from the marker 320. In some embodiments, a first marker among the plurality of markers 320 is made of a first material having a high attenuation coefficient, and a second marker among the plurality of markers 320 is made of a second material having a high attenuation coefficient. In some embodiments, the first material is a different material from the second material. Thus, an embodiment provides that when the reference target 300 is imaged using a radiation source, a first marker among the plurality of markers 320 can be distinguished from a second marker among the plurality of markers 320. Another embodiment provides that the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, ... and / or nth marker is made of a third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, ... and / or nth material having a high attenuation coefficient such that when a reference target 300 is imaged using a radiation source, one or more of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, ... and / or nth marker can be distinguished from one or more other markers of the plurality of markers 320.

[0103] Radiolucent materials such as air have a Hounsfield number of approximately -1000, while radiolucent materials such as water have a Hounsfield number of 0 (zero). Body tissues have Hounsfield numbers of, for example, -900 to -750 (e.g., for lungs), -100 to -50 (e.g., for fat), and 500 to 3000 (e.g., for bone with less dense trabecular bone (e.g., lower Hounsfield number) and more dense cortical bone (e.g., higher Hounsfield number)). Radiopaque markers typically include those having Hounsfield numbers in the same range as bone (e.g., 500 to 3000 (e.g., 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250, 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, 1500, 1550, 1600 0, 1650, 1700, 1750, 1800, 1850, 1900, 1950, 2000, 2050, 2100, 2150, 2200, 2250, 2300, 2350, 2400, 2450, 2500, 2550, 2600, 2650, 2700, 2750, 2800, 2850, 2900, 2950, ​​3000)).

[0104] In some embodiments, one or more markers 320 have a shape that facilitates identification and / or confirmation in radiographic images, for example. In some embodiments, one or more markers 320 have a shape of a sphere, an ellipsoid, a prism, a pyramid, an elongated bar, or a torus. In some embodiments, when projected onto a two-dimensional plane, one or more markers 320 have a circular, square, rectangular, polygonal, or linear shape.

[0105] In some embodiments, body 310 is a shape having rotational symmetry (e.g., a cylinder or a sphere). In some embodiments, body 310 has a shape that allows it to be attached (e.g., fixed) to a patient support assembly (e.g., patient support assembly 120 as shown in FIG. 1 ) in which a patient is placed.

[0106] In some embodiments, for example, Figure 3As shown, the markers 320 are configured in a rotationally asymmetric arrangement, i.e., an arrangement that does not repeat itself during one rotation of the body 310. In this way, each marker is visible at each stage of the rotation process, so that it contributes to each image of the reference phantom 300. In some embodiments, the markers 320 are fixed to the body 310 in such a configuration that each marker is at least partially exposed or visible along the straight line of the radiation beam at each rotation angle (or maximum angle) of the patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the markers 320 are configured in a symmetrical arrangement.

[0107] In some embodiments, the marker 320 is arranged to lie on a plane 330. In some embodiments, the marker 320 is arranged to lie on a plane 330 that is tilted or angled relative to a rotation center 340 of the reference target 300. Thus, in some embodiments, the rotation center 340 is not perpendicular or orthogonal to the plane 330.

[0108] In some embodiments, the reference target includes a center marker 322. In some embodiments, when the reference target 300 is attached to the patient support assembly, the center marker 322 is aligned with the center of the patient support assembly (and with the rotation center 340). Thus, embodiments provide that non-center or offset markers 320 can be used to determine the tilt of the reference phantom 300. In some embodiments, the tilted arrangement of the markers 320 avoids overlap between the markers, such as at an angle where it may be difficult to detect the position of two overlapping markers.

[0109] In some embodiments, the technology provides a method for measuring the tilt of a reference target 300 (e.g., at one or more angles). In some embodiments, the technology provides a method for correcting the size of the isocenter (e.g., an isocenter that is too large due to beam misalignment) by measuring the tilt of the reference target 300 at one or more angles. For example, when the radiation beam is misaligned and the patient support assembly is aligned with the rotation axis, the tilt of the reference target 300 does not change (e.g., does not substantially change, does not effectively change, and / or does not detectably change) as the patient support assembly rotates, but the center marker 322 moves during the rotation (e.g., the center marker 322 may appear to the left of the radiation isocenter at a first rotation angle, and the center marker 322 may appear to the right of the radiation isocenter at a second rotation angle different from the first rotation angle; the maximum degree of movement can be detected between the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle, which are 180° apart). In contrast, when the radiation beam is aligned and the patient support assembly is misaligned with the rotation axis, the position of the center marker 322 will not change (e.g., will not substantially change, will not effectively change, and / or will not detectably change), but the tilt of the non-center marker will change with the rotation angle (e.g., the non-center marker may appear tilted to the left at a first rotation angle, and the non-center marker may appear tilted to the right at a second rotation angle that is different from the first rotation angle; the maximum tilt difference can be detected between the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle that are 180° apart).

[0110] In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to determine the displacement of the radiation beam relative to a physical device, such as a patient rotation system or another quality assurance device. In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to determine the displacement of the radiation beam relative to a rotating physical device. In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to determine the displacement of the isocenter of a radiation beam (e.g., a treatment beam or an imaging beam) relative to a patient rotation system and / or a quality assurance device. In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to verify whether the isocenter size and / or the coincidence of the isocenters (MV and kV) meet given specifications. In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to measure the isocenter size. In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to measure the difference and / or coincidence of the isocenters (MV and kV).

[0111] In some embodiments, a reference target 300 is positioned at a fixed position on the patient rotation system, and measuring the position of the marker is used to align the patient rotation system (or a device mounted to the patient rotation system) to a reference point (e.g., isocenter). In some embodiments, a method comprising measuring the position of a marker on a reference target 300 positioned at a fixed position on the patient rotation system may be used during initial installation and setup of a radiation system, a patient positioning system, a patient positioning device, a patient rotation system, and / or a source. In some embodiments, a method comprising measuring the position of a marker on a reference target 300 positioned at a fixed position on the patient rotation system may be used for maintenance and / or quality assurance of a radiation system, a patient positioning system, a patient positioning device, a patient rotation system, and / or a source.

[0112] In some embodiments, the reference target 300 can be used to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. For example, in some embodiments, the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis is determined for "zeroing" the position of one or more of the x, y, and z axis positions relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis is determined for "zeroing" the rotation around one or more of the pitch, roll, and yaw rotation axes. In some embodiments, the technology provides for determining the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis; "zeroing" the position of one or more of the x, y, and z axis positions relative to the rotation axis; and / or performing "zeroing" the rotation around one or more of the pitch, roll, and yaw rotation axes for all planes of movement using a set of images, for example, because the arrangement of the markers 320 provides that at least one marker is always visible, and the center marker 320 identifies the center of the reference target 300 and the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the reference target provides for aligning the central axes of both the imaging radiation source and the therapeutic radiation source so that the imaging radiation source and the therapeutic radiation source intersect the isocenter (e.g., the rotation axis) of the patient rotation system. Thus, reference target 300 may be used to align one or more of a central axis of a treatment beam, a central axis of an imaging beam, an axis of rotation, and / or a "zero" position of a patient support assembly.

[0113] In some embodiments, the arrangement of markers 320 of reference target 300 provides for calculating different quantities using the same set of images of reference target 300. For example, a set of images acquired for a full cycle rotation of reference target 300 allows for calculation of: the position of the axis of rotation (or isocenter) of the patient rotation system; the distance between the central axis of the treatment beam and the axis of rotation; the distance between the central axis of the imaging beam and the axis of rotation; the distance between the central axis of the imaging beam and the central axis of the treatment beam; and the distance between a fixed position on the patient rotation system (as identified by the markers through the interface of the reference target 300 mounted to the patient support assembly) and the current reading of the patient rotation system position (e.g., x, y, z axes; pitch, yaw, and roll). In some embodiments, measuring the distance between a fixed position on the patient rotation system (as identified by a marker mounted to an interface of the patient support assembly via the reference target 300) and a current reading of the patient rotation system position (e.g., x, y, z axes; pitch, yaw, roll) includes providing an interface that allows the reference target 300 to be mounted to a fixed, reproducible position on the patient support assembly (or patient rotation system).

[0114] system

[0115] In some embodiments, the present technology provides a system including a reference target, for example, a system including a medical radiation system and a reference target (e.g., Figure 1A -F). In some embodiments, the present technology provides a system comprising a medical radiation system 100 and a reference target 170 (e.g., a reference target 170 comprising a body and a plurality of markers fixed to the body. For example, in some embodiments, the reference target is an embodiment of a reference target 300 as described herein (see, e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

[0116] In some embodiments, the patient rotation system 110 includes a patient positioning system (e.g., including a patient positioning device or a configurable patient support assembly 120) mounted on a base 130. The base 130 is configured to rotate about an axis 131 of the base 130. In some embodiments, the base 130 is configured to rotate about a vertical symmetry axis of the base 130. In some embodiments, the patient positioning system, the patient positioning device, and / or the configurable patient support 120 are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20200268327 and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 237,513, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0117] In some embodiments, the patient support assembly 120 is operably coupled to the base 130 so that the patient support assembly 120 rotates with the base 130 (e.g., around the axis 131). In some embodiments, the system includes a radiation source. For example, some embodiments of the system include a first radiation source 150 configured to generate a beam 151 of electromagnetic radiation. In some embodiments, the first radiation source 150 is a kilovolt (kV) or megavolt (MV) x-ray radiation source. The first radiation source 150 can be a therapeutic radiation source or an imaging radiation source. In some embodiments, the system further includes a second radiation source 152 configured to generate a second beam 153 of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, in some embodiments, the system includes two radiation sources, such as a first radiation source as a therapeutic radiation source and a second radiation source as an imaging radiation source. In some embodiments, the radiation source 150 is a static source, such as a source that is not movable during normal operation (e.g., during radiotherapy). Thus, the radiation source 150 can translate, rotate, and / or rotate during a calibration or alignment procedure. In some embodiments, first radiation source 150 is a static source and / or second radiation source 152 is a static source. Thus, first radiation source 150 and / or second radiation source 152 may translate, rotate, and / or rotate during a calibration or alignment procedure.

[0118] In addition, embodiments provide that the radiation beam 151 from the first radiation source 150 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 of the base 130 (e.g., after an alignment procedure) and / or the radiation beam 153 from the second radiation source 152 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 of the base 130 (e.g., after an alignment procedure). In some embodiments, the radiation sources 150 are oriented so that the radiation beam 151 intersects the rotation axis 131. In some embodiments, the isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the rotation axis 131.

[0119] In some embodiments, the radiation source 150 is configured to direct the radiation beam 151 in the direction of the patient support assembly 120. Thus, when the reference target 170 is positioned on the patient support assembly 120, the radiation source 150 is configured to direct the radiation beam 151 in the direction of the reference target 170. In some embodiments, the system includes a detector 160 (e.g., a detection panel) disposed opposite the radiation source 150 to detect the radiation beam 151 passing through the reference target 170. In some embodiments, the detector 160 is an imaging device that generates a signal and / or data for generating an image generated by the radiation beam 151. In some embodiments, an additional (e.g., second) detector 162 is associated with the second radiation source 152.

[0120] Embodiments of the system may be used to transfer a medical radiation system (e.g., a medical radiation system including a patient rotation system and a radiation source) (e.g., Figure 1A-F) alignment. In some embodiments, the system is configured to rotate the patient rotation system around a rotation axis. In some embodiments, the system includes a radiation source configured to generate a radiation beam for generating an image of a reference target positioned on a patient support assembly of the patient rotation system.

[0121] As described herein, in some embodiments, the system includes a patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the patient rotation system includes a base configured to rotate. In some embodiments, the base is configured to rotate relative to an axis of the base such as a symmetrical vertical axis of the base. In some embodiments, the base supports a patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly is adjustably mounted to the base. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust the patient support assembly by achieving translational movement and / or rotational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust the patient support assembly by translating and / or rotating one or more of the following: a backrest (e.g., a configurable and movable backrest), a headrest (e.g., a configurable and movable headrest), an armrest (e.g., a configurable and movable armrest), a seat member (e.g., a configurable and movable seat member), a shin support (e.g., a configurable and movable shin support) and / or a foot support (e.g., a configurable and movable foot support).

[0122] In some embodiments, the base is fixed in one location (e.g., a medical provider's floor), for example, the axis of the base is located in a fixed location (e.g., a medical provider's floor), and the base is configured to rotate relative to the axis and / or the floor. Thus, embodiments provide that the base includes an axis, and the axis of the base further defines a system rotation axis, and components of the medical radiation system (e.g., a patient support assembly and a radiation source) are adjusted to be aligned relative to the system rotation axis (e.g., aligned with the beam). In some embodiments, components mounted to the patient rotation system (e.g., a patient positioning system, a patient positioning device, and / or a patient support assembly) are aligned relative to the fixed rotation axis (e.g., centered or zeroed). For example, in some embodiments, horizontal displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis may cause the center of the patient support assembly to precess around the rotation axis rather than rotate thereon (e.g., the rotation axis of the patient support assembly is misaligned, causing the rotation axis of the patient support assembly to rotate around a second axis, and the patient support assembly precesses around the second axis). Thus, embodiments provide that the central axis of the radiation beam is adjusted to be aligned and pointed at the isocenter of the patient rotation system.

[0123] In some embodiments, the system includes a software component including instructions for rotating the patient rotation system around the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the system includes a software component including instructions for controlling the radiation beam. In some embodiments, the system includes a software component including instructions for receiving signals and / or data from a detector to generate an image (e.g., an image of a reference target). In some embodiments, the system includes a software component including instructions for analyzing an image to determine the displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. For example, in some embodiments, the system includes components (e.g., motors, linear actuators, adjustment screws, etc.) for adjusting the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the software component including instructions for analyzing an image to determine the displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis includes instructions for comparing the position and / or orientation of the reference target relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis. For example, in some embodiments, the system includes components (eg, motors, linear actuators, adjustment screws, etc.) for aligning the center of rotation (or center of symmetry) of a reference target with the axis of rotation.

[0124] In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for analyzing an image to locate a central axis or isocenter of a radiation beam relative to an axis of rotation. In some embodiments, analyzing an image to locate a central axis or isocenter of a radiation beam relative to an axis of rotation includes analyzing an image to determine a displacement of the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation (e.g., a displacement between the central axis of the radiation beam and the axis of rotation). In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust a radiation source so that the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust a radiation source so that the central axis or isocenter of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation by effecting translational and / or rotational movement of the radiation source. In some embodiments, the system is configured to adjust a radiation source by adjusting or changing an operating characteristic of the radiation source to cause a change in the direction of the radiation beam.

[0125] In some embodiments, the system includes a second radiation source. For example, in some embodiments, the system includes a first radiation source and a second radiation source, the first radiation source is an imaging radiation source for generating an image of the patient during treatment, and the second radiation source is a medical or therapeutic radiation source for treating the patient. In some embodiments, the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source are static (e.g., after adjustment). In some embodiments, the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source are fixed in place during normal operation to prevent them from becoming misaligned.

[0126] In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for controlling the second radiation beam. In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for receiving signals and / or data from a second detector to generate additional images (e.g., additional images of a reference target). In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for analyzing additional images to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for analyzing additional images to position the central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation or to determine the displacement of the central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation; and the system is configured to adjust the radiation source so that the central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation.

[0127] In some embodiments, the system includes a component (e.g., a motor, a linear actuator, an adjustment screw, etc.) configured to adjust the first radiation source and / or the second radiation source so that the central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the central axis of the first radiation beam. In some embodiments, the two radiation beams intersect at the rotation axis of the patient rotation system.

[0128] In some embodiments, the system includes an imaging device (e.g., a detector) for detecting a radiation beam and generating an image of a reference target. In some embodiments, the system includes a plurality of imaging devices, each associated with a different radiation source. In some embodiments, each imaging device is positioned relative to the patient support assembly to be opposite, or effectively or substantially opposite to the radiation source associated therewith. Thus, in some embodiments, the system includes a reference target positioned on the patient support assembly between the radiation source and its associated imaging device, such that a radiation beam from the radiation source passes through the reference target and is received by the imaging device, which then transmits data and / or signals to a software component to generate an image of the reference target.

[0129] In some embodiments, the system includes an image of the reference target. In some embodiments, the system includes a memory component that includes the image of the reference target in digital form. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target includes at least two images (e.g., at least a first image and a second image) of the reference target generated for different rotation angles of the patient rotation system. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target includes at least four images (e.g., at least a first image, a second image, a third image, and a fourth image) of the reference target generated at orthogonal rotation angles of the patient rotation system.

[0130] In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for determining the displacement or offset of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis by generating multiple images of a reference target that identifies the position of the reference target in three-dimensional space. Therefore, in some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for determining the position of the reference target in three-dimensional space. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target generated by each radiation source is analyzed independently by the software component to position the reference target relative to the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the image of the reference target generated by each radiation source is analyzed in combination by the software component to position the reference target relative to the rotation axis.

[0131] In some embodiments, the system includes a reference target positioned to provide one or more reference points for determining the position of the patient support assembly or the radiation beam relative to the axis of rotation or any other fixed axis, point, or location. In some embodiments, the reference target is a point or surface on the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the reference target is a separate device including a known size, composition (e.g., known material, known Z and / or known Z eff ) and a configured marker that is attached to the patient support assembly and rotated by the patient rotation system.

[0132] In some embodiments, the system includes a reference target attached at a fixed position of the patient support assembly (and / or the patient rotation system). In some embodiments, the reference target is attached to the center of the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly is configured to be adjusted so that its center moves to align with the axis of rotation of the patient rotation system, while the patient support assembly is adjusted to align the patient support assembly with respect to the axis of rotation.

[0133] In some embodiments, the patient support assembly includes a quality assurance (QA) interface, guide, belt, strap, or other fastening component. In some embodiments, the system includes a reference target that is attached to the patient support assembly using a quality assurance (QA) interface, guide, belt, strap, or other fastening component provided on the patient support assembly.

[0134] In some embodiments, the patient support assembly includes an interface. In some embodiments, the reference target is attached to the patient support assembly using the interface. In some embodiments, the interface provides a fixed position of the reference target relative to the patient support assembly (and / or relative to the patient rotation system). For example, in some embodiments, the interface reliably positions the reference target at the center of the patient support assembly, thereby allowing the reference target to be used (e.g., by the system) to determine the position and / or orientation of the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the placement of the interface on the patient support assembly is used to calibrate and / or define the zero position of the patient support assembly (and / or for calibrating and / or defining the zero position of the patient rotation system). Therefore, in some embodiments, the system includes a reference target attached or mounted to the patient support assembly. In some embodiments, the patient support assembly includes an interface at a fixed position on the patient support assembly, and the reference target is mounted to the interface.

[0135] In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for minimizing the radiation isocenter of the treatment beam and / or imaging beam (e.g., by directing the central axis of the radiation beam to intersect the rotation axis). In some embodiments, the system includes a software component that includes instructions for aligning the treatment beam using features in an edge image of a beam shaping system. In some embodiments, the system includes a beam shaping system that attenuates the treatment beam to shape its intensity distribution, for example, to match the distribution of a tumor. In some embodiments, the system is configured to align the beam shaping system with the central axis of the treatment beam, for example to ensure that the shape of the radiation field is symmetric about the central axis of the beam and / or to optimize the shape of the collimator blades (which are adjustable parts of the beam shaping system).

[0136] Although the disclosure herein is directed to certain exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and not limitation.

[0137] For all purposes, all publications and patents mentioned in the above description are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Various modifications and variations of the use of the described compositions, methods and techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described technology. Although the technology has been described in conjunction with specific exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the claimed invention should not be unduly limited to these specific embodiments. In fact, various modifications of the described modes for implementing the present invention that are apparent to those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of aligning a medical radiation system comprising a patient rotation system and a radiation source, the method comprising: rotating the patient rotation system about a rotation axis; detecting a radiation beam from the radiation source to generate an image of a reference target positioned on a patient support assembly of the patient rotation system; analyzing the image to determine a displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the axis of rotation; as well as The patient support assembly is adjusted to align the patient support assembly with respect to the axis of rotation.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The displacement is determined by comparing the position and orientation of the reference target relative to the axis of rotation.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: Adjusting the patient support assembly includes aligning a center of rotation of the reference target with the axis of rotation.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: analyzing the image to locate a central axis of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis; as well as The radiation source is adjusted so that a central axis of the radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The patient rotation system includes a base configured to rotate, the base supporting the patient support assembly.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The patient support assembly is configured to move with six degrees of freedom relative to the base.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: Adjusting the patient support assembly includes effecting translational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: Adjusting the patient support assembly includes effecting rotational movement of the patient support assembly relative to the base.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: Rotating the patient rotation system includes rotating the base, and wherein the rotation axis is an axis of the base.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The axis of rotation is the axis of symmetry of the base.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The medical radiation system further includes an imaging device for detecting the radiation beam and generating an image of the reference target, the imaging device being positioned opposite the radiation source relative to the patient support assembly.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The image of the reference target includes at least two images of the reference target generated for different rotation angles of the patient rotation system.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The reference target includes a body and one or more markers fixed to the body in a pre-arranged configuration.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The one or more markers are secured to the body in a pre-arranged configuration such that each marker is at least partially exposed to the radiation beam at each rotation angle of the patient rotation system.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The one or more markers are disposed on an imaginary plane in the body, and wherein the imaginary plane is tilted relative to the axis of rotation when the reference target is positioned on the patient support assembly.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein: The reference target includes a center marker disposed in the body at a center of rotation of the reference target.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein: The body is substantially radiolucent to the radiation beam.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein: The one or more markers are opaque to the radiation beam.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The radiation source is one of an imaging radiation source or a therapeutic radiation source.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The medical radiation system further includes a second radiation source.

21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising: detecting a second radiation beam from the second radiation source to produce an additional image of the reference target; analyzing the additional image to locate a central axis of the second radiation beam relative to the rotation axis; as well as The second radiation source is adjusted so that a central axis of the second radiation beam intersects the axis of rotation.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising adjusting at least one of the radiation source and the second radiation source such that a central axis of the second radiation beam intersects a central axis of the radiation beam.

23. The method of any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising attaching the reference target to the patient support assembly.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein: The patient support assembly includes an interface for attaching the reference target at a fixed location on the patient support assembly.

25. A system comprising: Medical radiation systems; as well as A reference target includes a body and one or more markers fixed to the body in a pre-arranged configuration.

26. The system of claim 25, further comprising a detector.

27. The system of claim 25, further comprising a patient support assembly.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein: The patient support assembly includes an interface configured to receive the reference target.

29. The system of claim 25, configured to rotate the reference target about an axis orthogonal to an axis between the source and the detector.

30. The system of claim 25, wherein: The medical radiation system includes a static source.

31. The system according to claim 25 further includes a software component, which includes instructions for: rotating the patient rotation system about a rotation axis; controlling a radiation beam; receiving signals and / or data from a detector to generate an image; analyzing the image to determine the displacement of the patient support assembly relative to the rotation axis; analyzing the image to locate the isocenter of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis; and / or determining the displacement of the central axis of the radiation beam relative to the rotation axis.

32. The system of claim 25, further comprising a component configured to adjust the patient support assembly to align the patient support assembly relative to an axis of rotation of the patient support assembly.

33. The system of claim 25, further comprising a component configured to adjust a position of a radiation source and / or a position of a beam generated by the radiation source.

Images