A multifunctional thermoelectric refrigerator and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of thermoelectric devices containing different material junctions, in particular to structural components.The technical scheme is as follows: a multifunctional thermoelectric refrigerator and a control method thereof, the hardware comprises a heat dissipation plate, an outer plate is arranged above the heat dissipation plate, a detection module is arranged in the outer plate, a plurality of independent circuits are arranged on the heat dissipation plate, and the independent circuits correspond to the detection units one by one.The method comprises the following steps: the detection units monitor in real time and send detection data to a main control unit;the main control unit controls the on-off of the corresponding independent circuits according to the detection data of each detection unit;and the main control unit judges whether the output power of the powered independent circuits needs to be adjusted according to whether there are multiple independent circuits that need to be powered.The problems of difficult adjustable working area, inconvenient maintenance, waste of energy and poor adaptability in the prior art are solved, a multifunctional thermoelectric refrigerator and a control method thereof are proposed, and the purposes of facilitating maintenance and repair, reducing power consumption and improving energy utilization are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermoelectric devices comprising junctions of different materials, and particularly to structural components. Background Technology

[0002] The working area of ​​traditional thermoelectric coolers is generally fixed after the design is finalized and cannot be adjusted. Once the heat source position changes, the original thermoelectric cooler will no longer be applicable and a redesign is required. Secondly, the working area of ​​traditional thermoelectric coolers is often larger than the heat source area, inevitably resulting in some wasted working area and energy loss during operation. For example, Chinese patent CN116264814A discloses a reliable large-size low-power thermoelectric cooler and its manufacturing method, providing the following technical solution: This invention discloses a reliable large-size low-power thermoelectric cooler and its manufacturing method, overcoming the problem of the incompatibility between size, reliability, and power consumption in existing thermoelectric coolers. It includes two ceramic substrates with an upper and lower structure, with semiconductor particles and heat-insulating particles that do not participate in cooling but only provide support between the two ceramic substrates. The inner surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with several guide vanes, and the guide vanes corresponding to the positions of the heat-insulating particles are provided with through holes. Adding insulating particles that only serve a supporting function, and using perforations on the corresponding guide plates of the insulating particles, maximizes the thermal resistance, prevents thermal short circuits, and ensures good power consumption and reliability. However, the aforementioned reliable large-size low-power thermoelectric cooler and its manufacturing method have a fixed operating area, waste energy, and cannot be adjusted according to the required operating location. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention solves the problems of difficult adjustment of working area, inconvenient maintenance, waste of energy and poor adaptability in the prior art. It proposes a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method, which achieves the goals of easy maintenance and repair, flexible adjustment, reduced power consumption and improved energy utilization.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A multifunctional thermoelectric cooler includes a thermoelectric cooler plate mounted on a base plate, an outer plate above the thermoelectric cooler plate, a detection module consisting of several detection units inside the outer plate, several independent circuits on the thermoelectric cooler plate, each independent circuit corresponding to one of the detection units, and a main control unit inside the base plate, the main control unit being electrically connected to the thermoelectric cooler plate and the detection module.

[0006] The advantage of this design is that by integrating the thermoelectric cooler plate, outer plate, detection module and main control unit into one system, multifunctional and efficient thermal management can be achieved, improving the overall performance of the equipment. The multi-loop design makes the thermoelectric cooler easy to inspect, increases the flexibility of the working area, and greatly improves the applicability of the thermoelectric cooler.

[0007] A control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: The detection unit monitors in real time and sends the detection data to the main control unit;

[0009] S2: The main control unit controls the power supply of the corresponding independent circuit based on the detection data of each detection unit;

[0010] S3: The main control unit determines whether it is necessary to adjust the output power of the energized independent circuits based on whether there are multiple independent circuits that need to be energized simultaneously.

[0011] The advantage of this design is that by introducing a complex control model that combines adaptive and fuzzy logic, the output power of each independent loop can be adjusted more intelligently. When the temperature rises, the system can respond quickly and increase the power of the corresponding loop to improve the cooling effect; when the temperature is low, the system automatically reduces the power or shuts down some loops to achieve energy saving.

[0012] Preferably, the thermoelectric cooler plate is provided with four independent circuits of the same size and adjustable power, and the independent circuits do not interfere with each other.

[0013] The advantage of this design is that the independent circuit design can effectively control the output of each circuit, achieve flexible power adjustment, avoid mutual interference between circuits, and allow for individual power supply to the independent circuit corresponding to the working area as needed.

[0014] Preferably, the detection module consists of four detection units, with one detection unit above each independent circuit. The two are electrically connected to form a working area, and each working area is the same size.

[0015] The advantage of this design is that it ensures that each working area can be monitored and operate independently, thereby obtaining temperature information in real time and enhancing the system's responsiveness and adaptability.

[0016] Preferably, both the base plate and the outer plate are detachable structures along the working area.

[0017] The advantage of this design is that it facilitates equipment maintenance and repair. If a fault occurs in a certain area, it is easy to find and repair, which improves the fault detection rate, reduces downtime, and increases work efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, the main control unit receives the detection data from the detection module and controls the power on / off of one or more independent circuits based on the detection data.

[0019] The advantage of this design is that the main control unit can dynamically control the working status of each loop based on real-time detected data, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency and response speed.

[0020] Preferably, the detection unit is an NTC thermistor.

[0021] The advantage of this design is that NTC thermistors have good sensitivity and fast response time, which can provide accurate temperature monitoring and help the main control unit to control more effectively.

[0022] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0023] S2.1: The main control unit receives the detection data sent by each detection unit;

[0024] S2.2: The main control unit determines whether the detection data exceeds the threshold. If yes, proceed to step S2.4; otherwise, proceed to step S2.3. S2.3: The main control unit determines the detection unit corresponding to the detection data that does not exceed the threshold, controls its corresponding independent circuit to be powered off, and returns to step S1.

[0025] S2.4: The main control unit determines the detection unit corresponding to the detection data that exceeds the threshold and controls the corresponding independent circuit to be powered on.

[0026] The advantage of this design is that by using threshold judgment, it can effectively handle situations where work needs to be performed, ensuring that the system controls the corresponding independent circuit to be powered on and operated when work is required, and controls the corresponding independent circuit to be powered off when work is not required.

[0027] Preferably, in step S3, the main control unit determines whether the number of energized independent circuits is greater than or equal to three. If not, it returns to step S1. If so, it adjusts the output power of the corresponding independent circuit according to the temperature value in the detection data through an adaptive algorithm.

[0028] The advantage of this design is that by determining the number of energized circuits, energy consumption can be optimized, and the output power can be dynamically adjusted when needed, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency and flexibility.

[0029] Preferably, the step of adjusting the output power of the corresponding independent loop according to the temperature in the detection data using an adaptive algorithm includes the following steps: calculating the temperature error and its rate of change based on the temperature in the detection data; using an adaptive control algorithm to dynamically adjust parameters based on the real-time temperature error; combining a fuzzy logic controller to handle the nonlinearity and uncertainty in the system and calculate the power adjustment amount; and controlling the output power of the independent loop according to the load of each loop through a dynamic weight adjustment mechanism to reasonably allocate the total available power.

[0030] The advantage of this design is that by employing adaptive control and fuzzy logic, more precise control can be achieved in complex environments, improving system stability and adaptability, and enhancing overall performance.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0032] 1. The multi-loop independent design of this invention enables the thermoelectric cooler to be individually controlled for different operating areas. Each independent loop corresponds to a detection unit, ensuring that they do not interfere with each other and that the temperature monitoring and cooling needs of each operating area are met independently and accurately. The multi-loop structure not only improves the system's flexibility and scalability but also facilitates fault detection and maintenance, thus resulting in higher overall system reliability. Furthermore, the multi-loop design allows the thermoelectric cooler to flexibly adjust the number of operating loops according to actual needs, achieving more optimized energy distribution and utilization, further enhancing the overall system efficiency and adaptability.

[0033] 2. The modular and detachable structure of this invention significantly improves the ease of maintenance and upgradeability of the equipment. The base plate and outer plate are designed to be detachable along the working area, facilitating quick access and replacement of internal components, reducing maintenance time and costs. When a fault occurs in a certain area, it can be quickly located and repaired, avoiding impact on the normal operation of the entire system. Furthermore, the modular design allows the system to flexibly adapt to different application scenarios and changing needs, supporting subsequent functional expansion and technological upgrades, enhancing the product's market competitiveness and lifespan.

[0034] 3. This invention employs a complex control model combining adaptive and fuzzy logic, enabling the system to dynamically adjust the output power of each independent loop based on real-time temperature changes. The adaptive control algorithm automatically optimizes control parameters based on temperature errors and their rate of change, improving system response speed and control accuracy; the fuzzy logic controller effectively handles nonlinearities and uncertainties in the system, enhancing control stability. Through this combined control, the thermoelectric cooler can achieve precise and efficient refrigeration management in various complex environments, significantly improving the overall system performance and energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the internal circuitry of a thermoelectric cooler plate, representing an embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention.

[0038] Illustration:

[0039] 1. Outer plate; 1.1 Second working area; 1.2 Third working area; 1.3 Fourth working area; 1.4 First working area; 2. Thermoelectric cooler plate; 2.1 First independent circuit negative terminal; 2.2 First independent circuit positive terminal; 2.3 Second independent circuit negative terminal; 2.4 Second independent circuit positive terminal; 2.5 Third independent circuit negative terminal; 2.6 Third independent circuit positive terminal; 2.7 Fourth independent circuit negative terminal; 2.8 Fourth independent circuit positive terminal; 3. Base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The proportions of the components are not drawn to scale, and the proportions and dimensions shown in the drawings should not limit the essential technical solutions of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to merely the specific embodiments described.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler includes a thermoelectric cooler plate mounted on a base plate, an outer plate above the thermoelectric cooler plate, a detection module consisting of several detection units inside the outer plate, several independent circuits on the thermoelectric cooler plate, each independent circuit corresponding to one of the detection units, and a main control unit inside the base plate, the main control unit being electrically connected to the thermoelectric cooler plate and the detection module.

[0042] A control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: The detection unit monitors in real time and sends the detection data to the main control unit;

[0044] S2: The main control unit controls the power supply of the corresponding independent circuit based on the detection data of each detection unit;

[0045] S3: The main control unit determines whether it is necessary to adjust the output power of the energized independent circuits based on whether there are multiple independent circuits that need to be energized simultaneously.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the internal circuitry of the thermoelectric cooler plate in one embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention. In the multifunctional thermoelectric cooler designed in this invention, a robust base plate is provided at the bottom of the device, on which the thermoelectric cooler plate is mounted. The thermoelectric cooler plate is the core component of the system, responsible for the actual thermoelectric cooling process. An outer plate is mounted above the thermoelectric cooler plate, and the outer plate integrates a detection module composed of multiple detection units. These detection modules are responsible for real-time monitoring of the temperature of each working area, ensuring that the system can be accurately controlled according to actual needs. Four independent loops of the same size and adjustable power are designed on the thermoelectric cooler plate. Each independent loop corresponds to one detection unit, ensuring that the loops do not interfere with each other and can independently control their respective working areas. The detection module consists of four detection units, with one detection unit above each independent loop. The two are electrically connected to form an independent working area, and the size of each working area is consistent, ensuring the balance and consistency of the entire system. Both the base plate and outer plate feature a detachable design along the working area. This modular design facilitates not only the assembly and disassembly of the equipment but also routine maintenance and repair. The base plate integrates a main control unit, which is electrically connected to the thermoelectric cooler plate and the detection module. This unit receives temperature data from the detection module and intelligently controls the power on / off operation of single or multiple independent circuits based on this data. The detection unit uses NTC thermistors, characterized by high sensitivity and fast response, providing accurate temperature monitoring data to ensure the system can acquire real-time temperature information for each working area, achieving precise and efficient temperature control management.

[0047] The design of this multifunctional thermoelectric cooler exhibits significant advantages in several aspects, enhancing the overall system performance. Firstly, the independent loop configuration allows for personalized control of each working area, ensuring that the temperature requirements of each area are met independently and precisely, significantly improving the system's flexibility and adaptability. By activating the appropriate loop only in the required working areas, the system effectively improves energy utilization, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and achieving a more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly operating mode. Furthermore, the modular and detachable base and outer plate structure greatly simplifies the equipment's maintenance and repair process. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate and disassemble relevant modules for inspection, repair, or replacement without affecting the normal operation of the entire system. This not only reduces downtime but also lowers maintenance costs, improving system reliability and efficiency. The main control unit employs intelligent control algorithms, combined with adaptive control and fuzzy logic technology, to dynamically adjust the output power of each independent loop based on real-time temperature data, ensuring the system maintains high efficiency under different load conditions. This intelligent control method not only optimizes energy distribution but also improves the system's response speed and control accuracy, ensuring the stability and accuracy of temperature control. The detection unit uses an NTC thermistor, which further enhances the system's temperature monitoring capabilities, provides fast and accurate temperature data support, and ensures that the temperature control system can respond to various temperature changes in a timely manner and maintain a constant temperature in the working area.

[0048] In one embodiment, the present invention is applied to dividing the TEC's working area into multiple smaller working areas, with each area controlled separately. Specifically, it is divided into four independent loops: the first independent loop 2.1-2.2, the second independent loop 2.3-2.4, the third independent loop 2.5-2.6, and the fourth independent loop 2.7-2.8. These four independent loops correspond to four working areas, do not interfere with each other, and allow for control of each working area as needed. Furthermore, if a fault occurs in a certain area, it facilitates troubleshooting and repair, improving the fault detection rate. Assuming there is only one heat source, when the heat source is located in the lower right corner, i.e., the first working area 1.4, the first independent circuit 2.1-2.2 is energized, allowing the working area of ​​the first independent circuit 2.1-2.2 to cool the heat source. At this time, the other circuits are not energized. When the heat source changes position to the upper left corner of the diagram, i.e., the third working area 1.2, only the third independent circuit 2.5-2.6 needs to be energized, and the power supply of the first independent circuit 2.1-2.2 needs to be turned off to ensure that the heat source continues to be absorbed under the same power consumption, maintaining the cooling effect. Assuming there are multiple heat sources, when three heat sources are located in the first working area 1.2, the second working area 1.3, and the third working area 1.4, it is only necessary to energize the first independent circuit 2.1-2.2, the second independent circuit 2.3-2.4, and the third independent circuit 2.5-2.6, while disconnecting the fourth independent circuit 2.7-2.8. This ensures the cooling effect on the heat sources while saving power consumption. When the positions of multiple heat sources change, for example, from the second working area 1.1 to the fourth working area 1.3, it is only necessary to disconnect the second independent circuit 2.3-2.4, energize the fourth independent circuit 2.7-2.8, and keep the other circuits energized to continuously absorb heat from the heat sources. The energized circuits can be easily adjusted to adapt to changes in the position of the heat sources.

[0049] In this embodiment, the present invention divides the working area of ​​the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) into multiple small working areas and adopts a regional control method to achieve efficient and flexible thermal management. Through regional control and independent loop design, the multifunctional thermoelectric cooler of the present invention not only achieves efficient and precise temperature control management, but also optimizes energy utilization, simplifies maintenance procedures, greatly improves the overall performance and reliability of the system, and adapts to complex and ever-changing application requirements.

[0050] like Figure 3 In one embodiment shown, Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler and its control method according to the present invention. The control method for the multifunctional thermoelectric cooler proposed in this invention achieves efficient temperature management of multiple independent operating zones through precise step design. The entire control process consists of three main steps: real-time monitoring, on / off control of independent loops, and adaptive adjustment of output power.

[0051] First, in step S1, the system's detection units continuously monitor the temperature of each working area in real time. These detection units utilize highly sensitive NTC thermistors, enabling them to quickly capture minute temperature changes and rapidly transmit the monitoring data to the main control unit via electrical connections. The acquisition of real-time data ensures the system's ability to respond quickly to instantaneous temperature changes, laying the foundation for subsequent precise control.

[0052] Next, in step S2, the main control unit controls the power supply to and from the corresponding independent circuits one by one based on the temperature data transmitted from each detection unit. Specifically, step S2 is further broken down into the following sub-steps:

[0053] Step S2.1: The main control unit first receives temperature data from each detection unit. Each detection unit corresponds to an independent loop, ensuring the independence and accuracy of the data.

[0054] Step S2.2: The main control unit analyzes the received temperature data to determine whether it exceeds a preset temperature threshold. If a certain detected data exceeds its corresponding threshold, the system will proceed to step S2.4; otherwise, the system will proceed to step S2.3.

[0055] Step S2.3: If the detected data does not exceed the threshold, the main control unit will identify these detection units that have not exceeded the threshold and correspondingly control the power-off of their independent circuits. This operation not only saves energy but also avoids unnecessary cooling, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. After completing the power-off operation, the system returns to step S1 and begins a new monitoring cycle.

[0056] Step S2.4: For detection units whose detection data exceeds the threshold, the main control unit will identify these areas exceeding the threshold and correspondingly control the power supply of their respective independent circuits. This operation enables the system to activate cooling for specific high-temperature areas, ensuring that each working area achieves a good cooling effect.

[0057] After completing the power-on / off control in step S2, the system proceeds to step S3, which involves adaptive adjustment of the output power of the independent circuit. The specific process of step S3 is as follows:

[0058] Preliminary judgment in step S3: The main control unit first determines whether the number of currently energized independent circuits has reached or exceeded three. If not, the system returns to step S1 to continue real-time monitoring and control; if it has reached or exceeded three, it enters a further power adjustment stage.

[0059] Power adjustment process:

[0060] Temperature error and rate of change calculation: Based on the real-time temperature data transmitted from each detection unit, the main control unit calculates the temperature error (i.e., the difference between the set temperature and the actual temperature) and its rate of change for each zone. These data reflect the accuracy of the current temperature control and the dynamic characteristics of the system response.

[0061] Application of Adaptive Control Algorithm: The system employs an adaptive control algorithm to dynamically adjust control parameters based on real-time temperature errors. This algorithm autonomously optimizes the control strategy according to environmental changes and load fluctuations, ensuring the system maintains high efficiency under diverse conditions.

[0062] Fuzzy logic controller integration: To address the nonlinearity and uncertainty in the system, the main control unit integrates with a fuzzy logic controller for power adjustment. The fuzzy logic controller processes fuzzy information and uncertain data to calculate the required power adjustment for each independent loop, enabling the system to operate stably in complex environments.

[0063] Dynamic weighting adjustment mechanism: When adjusting power, the system employs a dynamic weighting adjustment mechanism to rationally allocate the total available power based on the load conditions of each circuit. This mechanism ensures that when multiple circuits are powered simultaneously, each circuit can obtain the most suitable power supply according to its own load demand, thereby optimizing overall energy consumption and cooling effect.

[0064] The entire control process utilizes closed-loop feedback to achieve precise and efficient control of the multifunctional thermoelectric cooler. The combination of real-time monitoring, intelligent power-on / off control, and adaptive power adjustment ensures that the system maintains stable and efficient operation when dealing with single or multiple heat sources.

[0065] The control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler designed in this invention exhibits significant advantages on multiple levels, greatly improving the overall system performance, energy efficiency, and ease of maintenance. Firstly, precise temperature control is one of the core advantages of this control method. By monitoring the temperature of each working area in real time, the main control unit can quickly respond to temperature changes, ensuring that the temperature of each area remains within the set range. Especially in complex environments with multiple heat sources, the system can independently adjust the corresponding loop based on the location and intensity of each heat source, achieving high-precision localized cooling. This precise temperature control not only ensures the normal operation of the equipment but also extends its service life and reduces the risk of failure due to overheating or temperature fluctuations.

[0066] Secondly, the independent circuit on / off control allows the system to automatically cut off power to working areas that do not require cooling, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. For example, when only some working areas require cooling, the system only activates the independent circuits corresponding to those areas, while other circuits remain closed. This on-demand activation strategy significantly reduces overall energy consumption, improves energy efficiency, and meets modern energy conservation and environmental protection requirements. Furthermore, when multiple circuits need to operate simultaneously, the system uses adaptive algorithms and dynamic weight adjustment mechanisms to rationally allocate available power, ensuring efficient operation even under multi-load conditions, without causing overload or insufficient cooling in some circuits due to uneven power distribution.

[0067] By combining adaptive control algorithms and fuzzy logic controllers, the system can autonomously optimize its control strategy and achieve dynamic adjustments in the face of environmental changes and load fluctuations. This intelligent control method not only improves the system's response speed and control accuracy but also enables the system to maintain stable operation even when facing nonlinearity and uncertainty. For example, in complex industrial applications, the location and intensity of heat sources may change frequently, which traditional fixed control strategies struggle to handle. However, the intelligent control method of this invention can flexibly adapt, ensuring that each heat source receives effective cooling.

[0068] Because each independent circuit corresponds to a detection unit, the system can quickly locate the corresponding circuit and cut off power when a fault occurs in any working area, facilitating inspection and repair by maintenance personnel. The modular and detachable structural design further simplifies the maintenance and repair process, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly replace or repair faulty modules without affecting the overall system operation. This reduces downtime and maintenance costs, improving the overall reliability and efficiency of the system.

[0069] By intelligently controlling the on / off state and power distribution of independent circuits, the system minimizes energy consumption while ensuring efficient cooling. This not only reduces operating costs but also meets the high standards of energy conservation and environmental protection required by modern industry, helping companies achieve their sustainable development goals.

[0070] Finally, the system's scalability and future upgrade potential ensure its long-term application. The modular, independent loop design allows the system to flexibly increase or decrease its working area according to actual needs, adapting to application scenarios of varying scales and complexities. Simultaneously, intelligent control algorithms and adaptive adjustment mechanisms provide ample room for future technological upgrades and functional expansion, enabling the system to evolve with technological advancements and changing application requirements.

[0071] In one embodiment, the specific process and method of power adjustment are as follows:

[0072] The main control unit calculates the temperature error based on the detection data and applies an adaptive PID control algorithm to adjust the power of the corresponding independent loop.

[0073] Temperature error calculation:

[0074] e i (i)=T 目标 -T 检则，i (t)

[0075] Among them, e i (t) represents the temperature error of the i-th loop at time t;

[0076] T 目标 The set target temperature.

[0077] PID control formula:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, P PID,i (t) represents the power output adjustment of the i-th loop by the PID controller at time t;

[0080] K p (t), K i (t), K d (t) represents the proportional, integral, and differential gain coefficients, which are adaptively adjusted over time.

[0081] Adaptive PID parameter tuning:

[0082] An adaptive algorithm is used to adjust the PID parameters based on the real-time response of the system.

[0083] K p (t+1)=K p (t)+β p ·Δe(t)

[0084] K i (t+1)=K i (t)+β i ·ei (t)

[0085]

[0086] Where, β p β i β d To adjust the gain constant;

[0087] Δe(t)=e i (t)-e i (t-1) represents the increment of the temperature error.

[0088] Fuzzy logic adjustment and dynamic weight allocation (step S3)

[0089] Based on adaptive PID control, a fuzzy logic controller is introduced to further handle nonlinearity and uncertainty, and the distribution of total power is optimized through dynamic weight allocation.

[0090] The fuzzy logic controller calculates the power adjustment amount:

[0091] The temperature error ei(t) and the rate of change of error are combined. Convert to fuzzy variables:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] Based on the fuzzy rule base, a fuzzy power adjustment amount ΔP is generated. Fuzzy，i (t);

[0095] If e i (t) is high and If it is high, then ΔP Fuzzy，i (t) large;

[0096] If e i (t) low and If it is low, then ΔP Fuzzy，i (t) small.

[0097] Deblurring converts the blur adjustment amount into a specific numerical value:

[0098]

[0099] Dynamic weight allocation:

[0100] Based on the temperature error and rate of change of each loop, the total available power P of the main control unit is dynamically allocated. total (t) to each independent loop:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, W i (t) represents the weight of the i-th loop at time t;

[0103] The weighting function is based on temperature error and rate of change (which can be designed using fuzzy logic);

[0104] N is the total number of independent loops in the system.

[0105] By combining the PID control output, fuzzy logic adjustment, and dynamic weights, the final independent loop output power P is calculated. i (t):

[0106] P i (t)=W i (t)·P total (t)+P PID，i (t)+ΔP Fuzzy，i (t)

[0107] Among them, P i (t) represents the final output power of the i-th independent loop at time t;

[0108] P total (t) represents the total available power allocated to the main control unit, typically the system power limit P. max .

[0109] Power limit:

[0110] Ensure that the power of each circuit does not exceed the set range:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, P min This represents the minimum power of each circuit;

[0113] P max，i Let be the maximum power of the i-th circuit.

[0114] Feedback and Adaptive Optimization

[0115] The system continuously monitors the temperature and power output of each loop, and the feedback information is used to further optimize the adaptive PID parameters and fuzzy logic rules to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system in dynamic environments.

[0116] Error feedback:

[0117] The system is based on the new temperature measurement value T 检测，i Calculate the new error e using (t+Δt). i (t+Δt), and readjust the PID parameters and fuzzy logic. Adaptive adjustment formula reuse:

[0118] K p (t+Δt)=K p (t)+β p ·Δe(t)

[0119] K i (t+Δt)=K i (t)+β i ·e i (t)

[0120]

[0121] Meanwhile, the fuzzy logic controller regenerates ΔP based on the latest error data. Fuzzy，i (t+Δt).

[0122] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any changes made to its shape or material composition, or any structural design using the methods provided by this invention, are considered variations of this invention and should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional thermoelectric cooler, characterized in that, The system includes a thermoelectric cooler plate (2) mounted on a base plate (3). An outer plate (1) is mounted above the thermoelectric cooler plate (2). A detection module consisting of several detection units is mounted inside the outer plate (1). Several independent circuits are mounted on the thermoelectric cooler plate (2). Each independent circuit corresponds to one of the detection units. A main control unit is mounted inside the base plate (3). The main control unit is electrically connected to the thermoelectric cooler plate (2) and the detection module. The detection units monitor and send detection data to the main control unit in real time. The main control unit controls the power supply of the corresponding independent circuits based on the detection data of each detection unit. The main control unit first determines whether the number of currently powered independent circuits has reached or exceeded three. If not, it continues to monitor and control in real time. If it has reached or exceeded three, it enters a further power adjustment stage.

2. The multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermoelectric cooler plate (2) is provided with four independent circuits of the same size and adjustable power, and the independent circuits do not interfere with each other.

3. A multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module consists of four detection units. Each independent circuit has a corresponding detection unit above it, and the two are electrically connected to form a working area. Each working area is the same size.

4. A multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main control unit receives the detection data from the detection module and controls the power on / off of one or more independent circuits based on the detection data. Both the base plate and the outer plate are detachable structures along the working area.

5. A multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The detection unit uses an NTC thermistor.

6. A control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler, employing the multifunctional thermoelectric cooler described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The detection unit monitors in real time and sends the detection data to the main control unit; S2: The main control unit controls the power supply of the corresponding independent circuit based on the detection data of each detection unit; S3: The main control unit determines whether it is necessary to adjust the output power of the energized independent circuits based on whether there are multiple independent circuits that need to be energized simultaneously.

7. The control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes the following steps: S2.1: The main control unit receives the detection data sent by each detection unit; S2.2: The main control unit determines whether the detection data exceeds the threshold. If yes, proceed to step S2.4; otherwise, proceed to step S2.

3. S2.3: The main control unit determines the detection unit corresponding to the detection data that has not exceeded the threshold, and controls the corresponding independent circuit to be powered off and returns to step S1; S2.4: The main control unit determines the detection unit corresponding to the detection data that exceeds the threshold and controls the corresponding independent circuit to be powered on.

8. The control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the main control unit determines whether the number of energized independent circuits is greater than or equal to three. If not, it returns to step S1. If so, it adjusts the output power of the corresponding independent circuit according to the temperature value in the detection data through an adaptive algorithm.

9. The control method for a multifunctional thermoelectric cooler according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the output power of the corresponding independent circuit based on the temperature in the detection data using an adaptive algorithm includes the following steps: Calculate the temperature error and its rate of change based on the temperature data from the test data; An adaptive control algorithm is adopted to dynamically adjust parameters based on real-time temperature error; By combining a fuzzy logic controller, nonlinearity and uncertainty in the system are handled, and power adjustment is calculated. By using a dynamic weighting adjustment mechanism, the output power of independent circuits is controlled according to the load conditions of each circuit, and the total available power is rationally allocated.

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