A parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention provides a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a parking space monitoring module, an entry and exit control module, a road condition monitoring module, and an intelligent management module. The parking space monitoring module includes a sensor node installed at a parking space, which senses the occupancy of the corresponding parking space through the sensor node and obtains parking space occupancy information. The road condition monitoring module is installed at a connecting road at the parking lot entrance and monitors road condition information of the connecting road. The intelligent management module receives vehicle entry reservation requests transmitted by an external terminal and generates vehicle entry reservation information based on the vehicle entry reservation requests. The intelligent management module performs parking space congestion analysis based on the parking space occupancy information, road condition information, and vehicle entry reservation information. When the parking space congestion analysis result indicates congestion, the module suspends receiving vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals. The present invention helps to improve the intelligent level of parking lot entry and exit vehicle management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parking lot management, and in particular to a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] As parking lots become increasingly intelligent, a large number of parking lots are now tending towards unmanned management.

[0003] Currently, more and more intelligent parking lots are adding the function of reserved parking. That is, through the user's advance reservation, the parking lot reserves the corresponding parking space for the user, and allows the reserved user to enter the parking lot with priority through the green channel, thus improving the user's parking experience. However, when making parking reservations, current intelligent parking lots usually ignore the actual congestion of the parking lot. As a result, there are cases of over-reservation (that is, reserved vehicles occupy the quota, resulting in the vehicles waiting in line on site being unable to enter) and invalid reservation (the vehicles entering the site occupy all the parking spaces, resulting in the reservation user being unable to enter or being unable to park after entering). This affects the effectiveness of intelligent parking lots in managing reserved vehicles, easily leading to unnecessary congestion and reducing user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention proposes a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things, which includes a parking space monitoring module, an entry and exit control module, a road condition monitoring module and an intelligent management module; wherein,

[0007] The parking space monitoring module includes sensor nodes set up at the parking spaces, which sense the occupancy of the corresponding parking spaces through the sensor nodes, obtain parking space occupancy information, and transmit the parking space occupancy information to the intelligent management module;

[0008] The entry and exit control module is set at the entrance and exit of the parking lot, where a reserved lane is set at the entrance of the parking lot. The entry and exit control module is used to control vehicles entering and leaving the parking lot, including obtaining the reserved entry information of vehicles entering from the reserved lane, transmitting the reserved entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, allowing the vehicle to enter from the reserved lane and recording the vehicle entry information when the verification is passed; and transmitting the recorded vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module;

[0009] The road condition monitoring module is used to be set at the connecting road at the entrance of the parking lot, and is used to monitor the road condition information of the connecting road and transmit the acquired road condition information to the intelligent management module;

[0010] The intelligent management module is used to receive vehicle entry reservation requests transmitted by external terminals, generate vehicle entry reservation information based on the vehicle entry reservation requests, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database; compare and verify the entry reservation information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database, and return the verification result to the entry control module; and perform parking congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information and vehicle entry reservation information. When the parking congestion analysis result is congestion, the reception of vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals is suspended.

[0011] Preferably, the parking space monitoring module includes a plurality of sensor nodes arranged at the parking lot site, wherein the sensor nodes are arranged corresponding to the parking spaces, and the plurality of sensor nodes form a wireless sensor network; through the wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes transmit parking space occupancy information to the on-site gateway node, and the on-site gateway node then wirelessly transmits the data to the intelligent management module;

[0012] The sensor nodes include infrared sensors or occlusion sensors, etc., which are used to monitor the occupancy status of parking spaces.

[0013] Preferably, the entry and exit management module includes a general control unit, a reservation control unit and an exit control unit; wherein, a general lane and a reservation lane are set at the entrance of the parking lot, the general control unit is set in the general lane, and the reservation control unit is set in the reservation lane; wherein,

[0014] The general control unit is used to record the vehicle entry information when the vehicle enters the site and transmit the vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module; the vehicle entry information includes vehicle identity information and entry time information

[0015] The reservation control unit is used to obtain the vehicle's reservation entry information when the vehicle requests entry, transmit the reservation entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, and based on the received verification result, when the verification is passed, allow the vehicle to enter and record the vehicle entry information; when the verification fails, deny the vehicle entry and instruct the vehicle to leave the current lane;

[0016] The exit control unit is used to obtain vehicle exit information when a vehicle requests to exit, and transmit the vehicle exit information to the intelligent management module for release verification. When the release verification passes, the vehicle is allowed to exit; the vehicle exit information includes vehicle identity information and exit time information.

[0017] Preferably, the road condition monitoring module includes a plurality of speed sensor nodes arranged at the parking lot entrance connecting the road, wherein the distance between each speed sensor node and the parking lot entrance is unequal;

[0018] Multiple speed sensor nodes transmit the collected road speed information to the intelligent management module.

[0019] The intelligent management module includes a congestion analysis unit, which is used to determine the congestion situation of the current connecting road based on the vehicle speed information corresponding to different nodes of the connecting road. When congestion is detected based on the vehicle speed information, the unit further calculates the corresponding number of congested vehicles based on the length of the congestion, and uses the number of congested vehicles as the road condition information of the connecting road.

[0020] Preferably, the intelligent management module further includes a reservation request unit, an admission management unit and a reservation management unit; wherein,

[0021] The reservation request unit is used to receive a vehicle entry reservation request transmitted by an external terminal, generate vehicle entry reservation information according to the vehicle entry reservation request, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in a reservation information database, wherein the vehicle entry reservation information includes the vehicle entry reservation time and vehicle identity information;

[0022] The admission management unit is used to compare and verify the reservation entry information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle reservation entry information in the reservation information database. If there is reservation information in the reservation information database that matches the time and vehicle identity of the currently received reservation entry information, a pass is returned to the entry control module. Otherwise, if there is no corresponding reservation information in the reservation information database, a verification failure is returned to the entry control module.

[0023] The reservation management unit is used to perform parking congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information and vehicle reservation entry information. When the parking space congestion analysis result is congestion, the unit suspends receiving vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals.

[0024] Preferably, the reservation request unit is further configured to detect the vehicle reservation entry information in the current reservation information database, and delete the corresponding vehicle reservation entry information when it is detected that the vehicle reservation entry time exceeds the current real-time time.

[0025] Preferably, the system further comprises a guidance module, which is used to guide vehicles entering the parking lot to corresponding free parking spaces according to the positions of the current free parking spaces.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention uses Internet of Things technology to quickly and in real time collect parking space occupancy information inside the parking lot and road condition information of the roads connecting the parking lot, and transmits the collected information to the intelligent management module for centralized analysis and processing. It can manage and control the parking lot reservation entry function based on the current parking lot and road congestion conditions, effectively avoid excessive or invalid reservations, and improve the effect of parking lot vehicle entry and exit management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following application scenarios.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , which shows a parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things, including a parking space monitoring module, an entry and exit control module, a road condition monitoring module and an intelligent management module; wherein,

[0031] The parking space monitoring module includes sensor nodes set up at the parking spaces, which sense the occupancy of the corresponding parking spaces through the sensor nodes, obtain parking space occupancy information, and transmit the parking space occupancy information to the intelligent management module;

[0032] The entry and exit control module is set at the entrance and exit of the parking lot, where a reserved lane is set at the entrance of the parking lot. The entry and exit control module is used to control vehicles entering and leaving the parking lot, including obtaining the reserved entry information of vehicles entering from the reserved lane, transmitting the reserved entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, allowing the vehicle to enter from the reserved lane and recording the vehicle entry information when the verification is passed; and transmitting the recorded vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module;

[0033] The road condition monitoring module is used to be arranged at the connecting road at the entrance of the parking lot, and is used to monitor the road condition information of the connecting road and transmit the acquired road condition information to the intelligent management module;

[0034] The intelligent management module is used to receive vehicle entry reservation requests transmitted by external terminals, generate vehicle entry reservation information based on the vehicle entry reservation requests, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database; compare and verify the entry reservation information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database, and return the verification result to the entry control module; and perform parking congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information and vehicle entry reservation information. When the parking congestion analysis result is congestion, the reception of vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals is suspended.

[0035] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the parking space occupancy situation inside the current parking lot is monitored in real time through the parking space monitoring module, and the vehicle congestion situation of the connecting roads outside the parking lot is monitored in conjunction with the road condition monitoring and management situation; the intelligent management module conducts a comprehensive analysis based on the internal and external congestion situations of the above-mentioned parking lot, combined with the reservation information, and conducts a comprehensive predictive analysis of the current congestion situation of the parking lot, thereby accurately controlling the reservation parking service, which helps to improve the effect of intelligent management of the parking lot and also improves the user's parking experience.

[0036] Preferably, the parking space monitoring module includes a plurality of sensor nodes arranged at the parking lot site, wherein the sensor nodes are arranged corresponding to the parking spaces, and the plurality of sensor nodes form a wireless sensor network; through the wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes transmit parking space occupancy information to the on-site gateway node, and the on-site gateway node then wirelessly transmits the data to the intelligent management module;

[0037] The sensor nodes include infrared sensors or occlusion sensors, etc., which are used to monitor the occupancy status of parking spaces.

[0038] Sensor nodes are used to collect comprehensive and real-time information about parking spaces inside the parking lot. Furthermore, by building an infinite sensor network to implement the layout of parking space monitoring nodes, the occupancy status of each parking space can be accurately perceived through wireless data transmission of sensor data, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time nature of data collection.

[0039] The gateway node is a gateway device installed at the parking lot. After collecting data from each sensor node, it transmits it to the intelligent management module via a wireless network. The intelligent management module can be set up based on data processing terminals such as local servers and cloud servers to complete centralized data processing.

[0040] In large parking lot scenarios, there are a large number of parking spaces, which means that the corresponding number of sensor nodes is also large. The data transmission energy consumption of the sensor nodes cannot be ignored. Therefore, in order to optimize the data transmission of sensor nodes, the sensor nodes are further organized into a wireless sensor network based on the Internet of Things. The data transmission between nodes in the self-organizing network is realized. This can effectively optimize the overall sensor node data transmission performance and energy consumption in the scenario, and improve the effect of the parking space monitoring module setting.

[0041] Preferably, in the parking space monitoring module, the sensor node transmits the parking space occupancy information to the on-site gateway node through the wireless sensor network, and the on-site gateway node then wirelessly transmits the data to the intelligent management module, further comprising:

[0042] Divide the wireless sensor network into multiple sub-areas;

[0043] For the sensor nodes in each sub-area, each sensor node calculates its own cluster head fitness value at every set rotation period time interval and broadcasts its own cluster head fitness value to other sensor nodes in the sub-area; the cluster head fitness value is calculated as follows:

[0044]

[0045] Where chfv k (i) represents the cluster head adaptation value of sensor node i corresponding to the current rotation period k, Eng k (i) represents the remaining energy percentage of sensor node i corresponding to the current rotation period k, EngTh represents the preset standard value of the remaining energy percentage, and Eng k-1 (i) represents the remaining energy percentage of sensor node i in the previous rotation cycle k-1, ΔEngTh represents the preset energy consumption standard value, and d area Indicates the coverage radius of the sub-area, d m (i) represents the distance between sensor node i and the center point of the sub-region, numb , (i) represents the number of other sensor nodes in the neighborhood of sensor node i, numb area represents the total number of sensor nodes in the sub-area, ω E and ω D Respectively represent the set normalized weight factors, which are used to make the maximum values ​​of the front and back parts of the formula equal; Ra1(k) and Ra2(k) represent the rotation factors corresponding to the current rotation period k, where Ra1(k) and Ra2(k) satisfy: Ra1(k) = 1 or Ra2(k) = 1; Ra1(k) + Ra2(k) = 1; random(0.01) represents a random value, where the value range of random(0.01) is 0 to 0.01;

[0046] Each sensor node compares its own cluster head fitness value with that of other sensor nodes in the sub-area. The sensor node with the largest cluster head fitness value is elected as the main cluster head node of the current rotation cycle. The main cluster head node broadcasts its main cluster head node election information to other sensor nodes in the sub-area, so that each sensor node establishes a communication connection with the main cluster head node and becomes a cluster node of the main cluster head node.

[0047] After the main cluster head node is elected, it further transmits test data to each node in the cluster and receives response data sent back by the nodes in the cluster. The main cluster head calculates the fitness value of each node in the cluster based on the response data of each node in the cluster. The fitness value of the secondary cluster head is calculated as follows:

[0048] chbv k(j) = chfv k (j)+ω s ×sp tb (j)

[0049] In the formula, chbv k (l) represents the secondary cluster head fitness value of sensor node j, chfv k (j) The cluster head fitness value of sensor node j corresponding to the current rotation period k, sp tb (j) represents the data transmission rate between sensor node j and the main cluster head node, where the data transmission rate is measured during the transmission of test data and response data between the main cluster head node and sensor node j; ω s Represents the set normalized weight factor;

[0050] The main cluster head node selects the sensor node with the largest secondary cluster head fitness value as the secondary cluster head node of the current rotation period according to the secondary cluster head fitness value of the nodes in each cluster, and broadcasts the election information of the secondary cluster head node to the sensor nodes in the sub-area, so that the secondary cluster head node broadcasts the election information of its own sub-area secondary cluster head node to other sub-areas according to its own election information, and establishes communication connections with the secondary cluster head nodes in other sub-areas;

[0051] Furthermore, other sensor nodes in the sub-area except the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node calculate their own complementary cluster node fitness values ​​based on the information of the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node. The complementary cluster node fitness value calculation method adopted is:

[0052]

[0053] Where bc k (n) represents the fitness value of the complementary cluster node of sensor node n, sp tb (n) and sp tf (n) represents the data transmission rate between sensor node n and the primary cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node, respectively, which is measured by receiving the test information broadcast by the primary cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node respectively; ω t Represents the preset normalized weight factor;

[0054] Each sensor node broadcasts its own complementary cluster node fitness value to all sensor nodes in the sub-area, and selects the sensor node with the largest complementary cluster node fitness value as the complementary cluster node; the selected complementary cluster node establishes communication connections with the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node respectively; the secondary cluster head node further transmits the complementary cluster node information of the sub-area to the secondary cluster head nodes of other sub-areas;

[0055] After the sub-region completes the election of the main cluster head node, the secondary cluster head node, and the supplementary cluster node, each sensor node in the sub-region transmits its own collected data to the main cluster head node. The main cluster head node aggregates the data collected by itself and the sensor nodes and then transmits the data to the secondary cluster head node. The secondary cluster head node transmits the aggregated data transmitted by the secondary cluster head node of the previous sub-region and the data transmitted by the main cluster head node of its own sub-region to the secondary cluster head node of the next sub-region according to the preset inter-sub-region data transmission link until the data is transmitted to the field gateway node.

[0056] Wherein, during the data transmission process, the supplementary cluster node also transmits test information with a time tag to the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node, so that the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node return response information to the supplementary cluster node according to the received test information; the supplementary cluster node detects the received response information, and when the response information returned by the main cluster head node is not received within a preset time interval, the supplementary cluster node reports a test instruction to the secondary cluster head node, so that the secondary cluster head node further detects whether the data transmitted by the main cluster head node is correctly received, and if not, the secondary cluster head node returns an abnormality confirmation message to the supplementary cluster node, so that the supplementary cluster node confirms that the main cluster head node has an abnormality according to the abnormality confirmation message, and broadcasts the replacement information of the main cluster head node to all sensor nodes in the sub-area; each sensor node in the sub-area verifies whether the sender of the replacement information of the main cluster head node is the supplementary cluster node, and if so, establishes a communication connection with the supplementary cluster node according to the replacement information of the main cluster head node, and becomes a cluster node of the supplementary cluster node; the supplementary cluster node replaces the current main cluster head node;

[0057] The supplementary cluster node detects the received response information. When no response information is received from the secondary cluster head node within a preset time interval, the test instruction is reported to the main cluster head node, so that the main cluster head node further detects whether the data transmitted by the secondary cluster head node is received correctly. If not, the main cluster head node returns an abnormality confirmation information to the supplementary cluster node, so that the supplementary cluster node confirms that the secondary cluster head node is abnormal based on the abnormality confirmation information, and transmits the secondary cluster head node replacement information to the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head nodes of the adjacent sub-area. The main cluster head node verifies whether the sender of the secondary cluster head node replacement information is the supplementary cluster node. If so, the main cluster head node transmits the aggregated data to the supplementary cluster node, and the supplementary cluster node further transmits the aggregated data to the secondary cluster head node of the next sub-area; the secondary cluster head nodes of the previous sub-area and the next sub-area perform verification based on the received secondary cluster head node replacement information, and when the verification is passed, establish a communication connection with the supplementary cluster node; the supplementary cluster node replaces the current secondary cluster head node.

[0058] Preferably, in the above embodiment, after the secondary cluster head node further detects whether it has correctly received data transmitted by the primary cluster head node, if so, the secondary cluster head node returns a normal confirmation message to the supplementary cluster node, so that the supplementary cluster node stops the current primary cluster head node replacement process based on the received normal confirmation message. If the secondary cluster head node returns normal confirmation messages three times in a row, the identity of the supplementary cluster node is eliminated, so that the supplementary cluster node becomes an ordinary sensor node.

[0059] Preferably, in the above embodiment, the primary cluster head node further detects whether it has correctly received data transmitted by the secondary cluster head node. If so, the primary cluster head node returns a normal confirmation message to the supplementary cluster node, so that the supplementary cluster node stops the current secondary cluster head node replacement process based on the received normal confirmation message. If the primary cluster head node returns normal confirmation messages three times in a row, the identity of the supplementary cluster node is eliminated, so that the supplementary cluster node becomes an ordinary sensor node.

[0060] Optionally, the preset remaining energy percentage standard value EngTh can be set to 10% to 40% according to actual conditions; the preset energy consumption standard value ΔEngTh is set accordingly based on experience, and the neighborhood range of the sensor node can be set to 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the maximum communication radius with the sensor node as the center.

[0061] Optionally, the rotation factors Ra1(k) and Ra2(k) are obtained by: Ra1(k) = random k (0,1), Ra2(k)=1-Ra1(k); where random k (0,1) represents a random number of 0 or 1 corresponding to the current rotation period k; or, Ra1(k)=List Pseudo (k), Ra2(k)=1-Ra1(k); where List Pseudo (k) represents the value of the kth element in a preset pseudo-random list, where the value corresponding to each element in the pseudo-random list is 0 or 1.

[0062] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention proposes a wireless sensor network data transmission method based on cluster transmission, wherein the parking lot is first divided into multiple sub-areas according to the distribution of sensor nodes in the parking lot, and each sub-area has an appropriate number of sensor nodes. For each sub-area, a sensor node clustering technical solution based on main-secondary-supplement is proposed. When the rotation period arrives, each sensor node calculates its own cluster head fitness value in the proposed method to select the main cluster head node of the current period. In the process of calculating the cluster head fitness value, conditional rotation logic is specially added so that different conditional parameters can be referred to for cluster head node selection in different rotation periods. Compared with the traditional cluster head fitness value calculation method based on fixed parameters, the conditional rotation method can help to make the selection of cluster head nodes more balanced (for example, it avoids the situation in the traditional cluster head node selection method based on fixed parameters that some nodes always serve as cluster heads, resulting in large differences in energy consumption between nodes), thereby improving the adaptability and intelligence level of cluster head node selection. Based on the selected main cluster head node, the corresponding secondary cluster head node is further selected to form a coordination between the main and secondary cluster head nodes. The main cluster head node aggregates the data of the nodes in the sub-region, and the secondary cluster head node completes the data transmission between the sub-regions, which helps to further balance the energy consumption of the cluster head nodes. In particular, considering that in the traditional coordination method of the main and secondary cluster head nodes, since the data in the sub-regions are all transmitted by the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node, when the main cluster head node or the secondary cluster head node is abnormal, it will affect the data transmission effect of the entire sub-region. Therefore, in response to the above problem, the above implementation method further selects the supplementary cluster node according to the transmission performance of each sensor node in the cluster and the main and secondary cluster head nodes after completing the selection of the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node. The supplementary cluster node transmits verification information to the main and secondary cluster head nodes to realize the monitoring of the data transmission of the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node. A three-party verification mechanism based on the main cluster head node, the secondary cluster head node and the supplementary cluster node is proposed. It can accurately monitor the abnormal conditions of the main cluster head node and the secondary cluster head node, and the supplementary cluster node will take over the abnormal main cluster head node or the secondary cluster head node to continue to complete the corresponding data transmission task. Compared with the traditional main-secondary dual cluster head transmission method, the main-secondary-supplementary clustered data transmission method with the addition of supplementary cluster nodes can effectively reduce the problem of sub-area data loss caused by abnormal conditions of the main cluster head node or the secondary cluster head node, effectively improve the reliability of data transmission in wireless sensor networks, and is particularly suitable for applications of large-scale wireless sensor network data transmission.

[0063] Preferably, the entry and exit management module includes a general control unit, a reservation control unit and an exit control unit; wherein, a general lane and a reservation lane are set at the entrance of the parking lot, the general control unit is set in the general lane, and the reservation control unit is set in the reservation lane; wherein,

[0064] The general control unit is used to record the vehicle entry information when the vehicle enters the site and transmit the vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module; the vehicle entry information includes vehicle identity information and entry time information

[0065] The reservation control unit is used to obtain the vehicle's reservation entry information when the vehicle requests entry, transmit the reservation entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, and based on the received verification result, when the verification is passed, allow the vehicle to enter and record the vehicle entry information; when the verification fails, deny the vehicle entry and instruct the vehicle to leave the current lane;

[0066] The exit control unit is used to obtain vehicle exit information when a vehicle requests to exit, and transmit the vehicle exit information to the intelligent management module for release verification. When the release verification passes, the vehicle is allowed to exit; the vehicle exit information includes vehicle identity information and exit time information.

[0067] According to the parking lot entrance lane settings, there are general entrance lanes and reserved lanes. General lanes are controlled by the general control unit, which records the vehicle entry information when the vehicle enters. The reservation control unit is for reservation lanes and reverse traffic control. When a vehicle requests entry through the reservation channel, the reservation information of the requesting vehicle is first obtained and verified. Once the reservation information is verified, the vehicle is allowed to enter and the vehicle entry information is recorded. The exit control unit corresponds to the vehicle exit intersection and reverse traffic control. After the payment and authority verification are passed based on the vehicle exit information, the vehicle is allowed to exit.

[0068] Preferably, the road condition monitoring module includes a plurality of speed sensor nodes arranged at the parking lot entrance connecting the road, wherein the distance between each speed sensor node and the parking lot entrance is unequal;

[0069] Multiple speed sensor nodes transmit the collected road speed information to the intelligent management module.

[0070] The intelligent management module includes a congestion analysis unit, which is used to determine the congestion situation of the current connecting road based on the vehicle speed information corresponding to different nodes of the connecting road. When congestion is detected based on the vehicle speed information, the unit further calculates the corresponding number of congested vehicles based on the length of the congestion, and uses the number of congested vehicles as the road condition information of the connecting road.

[0071] The road condition detection module monitors the road conditions of the connecting roads in real time by setting up speed sensor nodes at the entrance of the parking lot. For a single-lane connecting road (i.e., the parking lot entrance can only be entered through a single lane), the connecting road is the only way to enter the parking lot. In another case, if the parking lot can be entered through a multi-lane road, the connecting road is the outermost lane that can be used to enter the parking lot (for example, if the driving road turns right to enter the parking lot, the rightmost lane is the connecting road). By monitoring the road conditions of the connecting road, the congestion of vehicles waiting to enter the parking lot can be intuitively reflected, providing reference data support for the congestion analysis of the parking lot.

[0072] Preferably, a speed sensor node VP1, VP2, ..., VP is set every 10m on the connecting road. K , where VP1 represents the first speed sensor node on the connecting road, which is closest to the parking lot entrance, and VP K It represents the Kth speed sensor node on the connecting road, which is the farthest from the parking lot entrance;

[0073] The congestion analysis unit obtains the vehicle speed information SV1, SV2, ..., SV K Make judgments in sequence, where SV1, SV2, ..., SV K They represent the average vehicle speed obtained by each speed sensor node in a time period T1; starting from k=1, when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is less than the preset speed standard SVT, it is determined that the connecting road corresponding to the current node is in a congested state, and the speed information SV of the next node is further detected. k+1 , when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is greater than or equal to the preset speed standard SVT, the speed judgment is ended and the speed sensor node VP is recorded. k-1 Distance from parking lot entrance SD k-1 As the congestion length, and according to the congestion length, it is converted into the corresponding number of congested vehicles NUMJ = SD k-1 / DT, where DT is a preset congested vehicle interval; and the number of congested vehicles NUMJ is used as the traffic condition information of the current connecting road.

[0074] By setting up a continuous network of speed sensors, the length of the queue, and thus the number of vehicles in the queue, can be determined based on the speed data collected by each speed sensor node. This enables intelligent collection of congested vehicle count data, improving the accuracy of congested vehicle data collection while using low-cost equipment.

[0075] Preferably, the time period T1 can be set to 10s, 20s, 1min, etc. according to actual conditions.

[0076] Preferably, the vehicle speed standard SVT can be set to 10km / h, 15km / h, 20km / h, etc. according to actual conditions.

[0077] Preferably, the vehicle congestion interval DT can be set to 4m, 4.5m, 5m, etc. according to actual conditions.

[0078] Preferably, the connecting road is the outermost lane of the main road, and the other lanes of the main road are called other lanes;

[0079] The road condition monitoring module further includes a speed sensor node provided in the other lanes, which obtains the vehicle speed information of the other lanes through the speed sensor node and transmits the vehicle speed information of the other lanes to the intelligent management module;

[0080] The congestion analysis unit is further used to obtain traffic condition information of the currently connected lane based on the speed of vehicles in other lanes, including:

[0081] The congestion analysis unit obtains the vehicle speed information SV1, SV2, ..., SV K Make judgments in sequence, where SV1, SV2, ..., SV K They represent the average vehicle speed obtained by each speed sensor node in a time period T1; starting from k=1, when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is less than the preset speed standard SVT, it is determined that the connecting road corresponding to the current node is in a congested state, and the speed information SV of the next node is further detected. k+1 , when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is greater than or equal to the preset speed standard SVT, the speed judgment is ended and the speed sensor node VP is recorded. k-1 Distance from parking lot entrance SD k-1 As the congestion length, and according to the congestion length, it is converted into the corresponding number of congested vehicles NUMJ = SD k-1 / DT, where DT is the preset congested vehicle interval; further based on the speed information SV of other lanes OT Make corrections, Among them NUMJ ′ Indicates the corrected number of congested vehicles, limit(0,SVOT-SV k-1 ,SVF) represents the value-limited function, SVF means the preset standard road speed, SV OT represents the average speed of other lanes detected in a time period T1;

[0082] The corrected number of congested vehicles NUMJ ′As traffic condition information of the current connecting road.

[0083] Preferably, the standard road speed can be set to 30km / h, 35km / h, 40km / h, etc. according to the speed limit of the road.

[0084] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, for the scenario of entering the parking lot entrance from a multi-lane road, also specifically proposes a method based on speed sensor nodes to collect speed data of connecting roads and other lanes respectively to comprehensively judge the vehicle congestion situation of the current connecting road. Compared with the method of obtaining data of vehicles waiting to enter the parking lot simply by using speed data of the connecting road in the previous embodiment, the speed data of other lanes is further combined as a judgment standard to correct the obtained number of congested vehicles (adaptively distinguish between the overall congestion and single-lane congestion of the road, and correct the number of congested vehicles based on this distinction), further improving the accuracy and objectivity of the estimation of the number of congested vehicles, and being able to meet the needs of intelligent estimation of the number of congested vehicles queuing to enter the parking lot on multi-lane roads.

[0085] Preferably, the intelligent management module further includes a reservation request unit, an admission management unit and a reservation management unit; wherein,

[0086] The reservation request unit is used to receive a vehicle entry reservation request transmitted by an external terminal, generate vehicle entry reservation information according to the vehicle entry reservation request, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in a reservation information database, wherein the vehicle entry reservation information includes the vehicle entry reservation time and vehicle identity information;

[0087] The admission management unit is used to compare and verify the reservation entry information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle reservation entry information in the reservation information database. If there is reservation information in the reservation information database that matches the time and vehicle identity of the currently received reservation entry information, a pass is returned to the entry control module. Otherwise, if there is no corresponding reservation information in the reservation information database, a verification failure is returned to the entry control module.

[0088] The reservation management unit is used to perform parking congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information and vehicle reservation entry information. When the parking space congestion analysis result is congestion, the unit suspends receiving vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals.

[0089] In the above embodiments of the present invention, when the load of the parking lot does not exceed the standard, the reservation request unit can receive the vehicle entry reservation request, record the reserved vehicles, assist the vehicles to quickly enter the parking lot using the reserved lane when they arrive at the parking lot, and reserve corresponding parking spaces for future time periods. Through the reservation management unit, congestion analysis is performed on the parking lot based on the occupancy of parking spaces in the current parking lot, the congestion of currently queuing vehicles entering the parking lot, and the situation of reserved parking spaces. When it is analyzed that the internal load of the parking lot has exceeded the standard or is about to exceed the standard, the vehicle entry reservation request is suspended, and the reservation function is restarted after the load of the parking lot decreases.

[0090] Preferably, the reservation request unit is further configured to detect the vehicle reservation entry information in the current reservation information database, and when it is monitored that the vehicle reservation entry time exceeds the current real-time time, delete the corresponding vehicle reservation entry information.

[0091] Preferably, the reservation management unit includes:

[0092] Obtain the current number of available parking spaces NUMCS according to the occupancy information of parking spaces in the current parking lot;

[0093] Obtain the number of vehicles reserved to enter the parking lot during the current time period NUMRE according to the vehicle reservation entry information recorded in the reservation information database in the reservation request unit;

[0094] Obtain the current number of congested vehicles NUMJ according to the road condition information of the current connected road obtained by the congestion analysis unit;

[0095] Analyze the congestion situation of the current parking lot NUMID = NUMCS - ω1×NUMRE - ω2×NUMJ, where NUMID represents the parking space prediction result of the current parking lot, ω1 represents a preset first weight factor, where ω1 ∈ [0.9, 1.1], ω2 represents a preset second weight factor, where ω2 ∈ [0.9, 1.1]. When NUMID < KNUM, where KNUM represents a preset congestion capacity standard, the congestion analysis result is congestion; otherwise, when NUMID ≥ KNUM, the current congestion analysis result is non-congestion.

[0096] Preferably, the congestion standard capacity KNUM is set to 0, -10, 2%NT, etc. according to the actual situation, where NT represents the total number of parking spaces in the parking lot.

[0097] In one scenario, among the number of vehicles reserved to enter the parking lot during the current time period, the current time period can be set to a time period of 30 minutes, 1 hour, or 2 hours starting from the current moment for the reservation time. [

[0098] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention analyzes the parking lot congestion situation through the current parking space occupancy situation, the number of congested vehicles queuing to enter the parking lot and the reserved parking space situation. With the vehicle data of the above three dimensions as a reference, the parking lot congestion situation is accurately and objectively estimated intelligently, which helps to improve the intelligence level and management effect of the parking lot vehicle reservation entry management, avoids the occurrence of "entrance queues, reservation queue jumping, invalid reservations" and other situations under the traditional parking lot reservation function, and improves the intelligence level of parking lot vehicle management.

[0099] Preferably, the system further comprises a guidance module, which is used to guide vehicles entering the parking lot to corresponding free parking spaces according to the positions of the current free parking spaces.

[0100] It should be noted that the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit / module, each unit / module may exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules may be integrated into a single unit / module. The aforementioned integrated units / modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units / modules.

[0101] Through the description of the above embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any appropriate combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor can be implemented in one or more of the following units: an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic units designed to implement the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For software implementation, part or all of the processes of the embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. During implementation, the above program can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. Computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should analyze that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: It includes parking space monitoring module, access control module, road condition monitoring module and intelligent management module; among them, The parking space monitoring module includes sensor nodes set up at the parking spaces, which sense the occupancy of the corresponding parking spaces through the sensor nodes, obtain parking space occupancy information, and transmit the parking space occupancy information to the intelligent management module; The entry and exit control module is set at the entrance and exit of the parking lot, where a reserved lane is set at the entrance of the parking lot. The entry and exit control module is used to control vehicles entering and leaving the parking lot, including obtaining the reserved entry information of vehicles entering from the reserved lane, transmitting the reserved entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, allowing the vehicle to enter from the reserved lane and recording the vehicle entry information when the verification is passed; and transmitting the recorded vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module; The road condition monitoring module is used to be set at the connecting road at the entrance of the parking lot, and is used to monitor the road condition information of the connecting road and transmit the acquired road condition information to the intelligent management module; The intelligent management module is used to receive vehicle entry reservation requests transmitted by external terminals, generate vehicle entry reservation information based on the vehicle entry reservation requests, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database; compare and verify the entry reservation information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle entry reservation information in the reservation information database, and return the verification result to the entry and exit control module; and perform congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information, and vehicle entry reservation information. When the congestion analysis result indicates congestion, the module suspends receiving vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals. Specifically, the module includes: According to the occupancy information of parking spaces in the current parking lot, obtain the current number of available parking spaces NUMCS; According to the vehicle reservation entry information recorded in the reservation information database, the number of vehicles NUMRE reserved for entry in the current time period is obtained; According to the traffic condition information of the current connecting road, obtain the current number of congested vehicles NUMJ; Analyze the current parking lot congestion ,in Indicates the parking space prediction result of the current parking lot. represents the preset first weight factor, where , represents the preset second weight factor, where ,when When Indicates the preset congestion capacity standard, and the congestion analysis result is congestion, otherwise when When , the current congestion analysis result is non-congestion.

2. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parking space monitoring module includes multiple sensor nodes installed on-site in the parking lot. The sensor nodes are set up corresponding to the parking spaces, and the multiple sensor nodes form a wireless sensor network. Through the wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes transmit parking space occupancy information to the on-site gateway node, and the on-site gateway node then wirelessly transmits the data to the intelligent management module. The sensor nodes include infrared sensors or occlusion sensors, which are used to monitor the occupancy status of parking spaces.

3. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entry and exit management module includes a general control unit, a reservation control unit, and an exit control unit; wherein, a general lane and a reservation lane are set at the entrance of the parking lot, the general control unit is set in the general lane, and the reservation control unit is set in the reservation lane; wherein, The general control unit is used to record the vehicle entry information when the vehicle enters the site and transmit the vehicle entry information to the intelligent management module; the vehicle entry information includes vehicle identity information and entry time information The reservation control unit is used to obtain the vehicle's reservation entry information when the vehicle requests entry, transmit the reservation entry information to the intelligent management module for verification, and based on the received verification result, when the verification is passed, allow the vehicle to enter and record the vehicle entry information; when the verification fails, deny the vehicle entry and instruct the vehicle to leave the current lane; The exit control unit is used to obtain vehicle exit information when a vehicle requests to exit, and transmit the vehicle exit information to the intelligent management module for release verification. When the release verification passes, the vehicle is allowed to exit; the vehicle exit information includes vehicle identity information and exit time information.

4. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The road condition monitoring module includes a plurality of speed sensor nodes arranged at the parking lot entrance connecting the road, wherein each speed sensor node is at an unequal distance from the parking lot entrance; Multiple speed sensor nodes transmit the collected road speed information to the intelligent management module. The intelligent management module includes a congestion analysis unit, which is used to determine the congestion situation of the current connecting road based on the vehicle speed information corresponding to different nodes of the connecting road. When congestion is detected based on the vehicle speed information, the unit further calculates the corresponding number of congested vehicles based on the length of the congestion, and uses the number of congested vehicles as the road condition information of the connecting road.

5. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A speed sensor node VP1, VP2, ..., VP is set up every 10m on the connecting road. K , where VP1 represents the first speed sensor node on the connecting road, which is closest to the parking lot entrance, and VP K It represents the Kth speed sensor node on the connecting road, which is the farthest from the parking lot entrance; The congestion analysis unit obtains the vehicle speed information SV1, SV2, ..., SV K Make judgments in sequence, where SV1, SV2, ..., SV K They represent the average vehicle speed obtained by each speed sensor node in a time period T1; starting from k=1, when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is less than the preset speed standard SVT, it is determined that the connecting road corresponding to the current node is in a congested state, and the speed information SV of the next node is further detected. k+1 , when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is greater than or equal to the preset speed standard SVT, the speed judgment is ended and the speed sensor node VP is recorded. k-1 Distance from parking lot entrance SD k-1 As the congestion length, and according to the congestion length, it is converted into the corresponding number of congested vehicles NUMJ = SD k-1 / DT, where DT is a preset congested vehicle interval; and the number of congested vehicles NUMJ is used as the traffic condition information of the current connecting road.

6. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The connecting road is the outermost lane of the main road, and the other lanes of the main road are called other lanes; The road condition monitoring module further includes a speed sensor node provided in the other lanes, which obtains the vehicle speed information of the other lanes through the speed sensor node and transmits the vehicle speed information of the other lanes to the intelligent management module; The congestion analysis unit is further used to obtain traffic condition information of the currently connected lane based on the speed of vehicles in other lanes, including: The congestion analysis unit obtains the vehicle speed information SV1, SV2, ..., SV K Make judgments in sequence, where SV1, SV2, ..., SV K They represent the average vehicle speed obtained by each speed sensor node in a time period T1; starting from k=1, when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is less than the preset speed standard SVT, it is determined that the connecting road corresponding to the current node is in a congested state, and the speed information SV of the next node is further detected. k+1 , when the current node speed SV is detected k When the speed is greater than or equal to the preset speed standard SVT, the speed judgment is ended and the speed sensor node VP is recorded. k-1 Distance from parking lot entrance SD k-1 As the congestion length, and according to the congestion length, it is converted into the corresponding number of congested vehicles NUMJ = SD k-1 / DT, where DT is the preset congested vehicle interval; further correction processing is performed based on the speed information SVOT of other lanes, ,in represents the corrected number of congested vehicles, Represents a value-limited function, , It represents the preset standard road speed, and SVOT represents the average speed of other lanes detected in a time period T1; The corrected number of congested vehicles As traffic condition information of the current connecting road.

7. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The intelligent management module also includes a reservation request unit, an admission management unit and a reservation management unit; wherein, The reservation request unit is used to receive a vehicle entry reservation request transmitted by an external terminal, generate vehicle entry reservation information according to the vehicle entry reservation request, and store the vehicle entry reservation information in a reservation information database, wherein the vehicle entry reservation information includes the vehicle entry reservation time and vehicle identity information; The admission management unit is used to compare and verify the reservation entry information received from the entry and exit control module with the vehicle reservation entry information in the reservation information database. If the reservation information database contains reservation information whose time and vehicle identity match the currently received reservation entry information, the admission management unit returns a pass to the entry and exit control module. Otherwise, if the corresponding reservation information does not exist in the reservation information database, the admission management unit returns a verification failure to the entry and exit control module. The reservation management unit is used to perform congestion analysis based on parking space occupancy information, road condition information and vehicle reservation entry information. When the congestion analysis result is congestion, the unit suspends receiving vehicle entry reservation requests from external terminals.

8. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The reservation request unit is further configured to detect the vehicle reservation entry information in the current reservation information database, and delete the corresponding vehicle reservation entry information when it is detected that the vehicle reservation entry time exceeds the current real-time time.

9. The parking lot vehicle management system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a guidance module, which is used to guide vehicles entering the parking lot to arrive at corresponding vacant parking spaces based on the current vacant parking space positions.

Images