A simulation test platform with ditching and sowing functions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural analysis equipment, specifically a simulation test bench with ditching and sowing functions, comprising: a soil trough mechanism, a test bench trolley, a power system, a data acquisition system, and a control system. The soil trough mechanism has a container for storing soil. The test bench trolley, mounted on the soil trough mechanism, includes: a trolley support, and a preparation device, a ditching device, and a sowing device mounted on the trolley support. The preparation device is used to level the soil, the ditching device is used to dig furrows, and the sowing device is used to disperse seeds. The power system drives the test bench trolley, preparation device, ditching device, and sowing device. The data acquisition system collects operational data from the test bench trolley and the power system. The control system controls the operation of the test bench trolley, the power system, and the data acquisition system. By integrating the machinery components of the three stages of soil preparation, ditching, and sowing, automated linkage of ditching and sowing is achieved, simulating the real working conditions in the field and obtaining performance parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural analysis equipment, and more specifically, to a simulation test bench with ditching and sowing functions. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated development of modern agriculture, the domestic demand for agricultural machinery technology continues to rise. Soil trough testing of agricultural machinery is an indispensable part of modern agricultural equipment research and development, and an effective means of evaluating the overall performance and efficiency of farmland machinery and its key working components. The soil trough test bench is a new type of equipment testing platform based on various sensors and virtual instrument systems, capable of synchronously acquiring and processing real-time data from multiple signals of key performance parameters, including speed, distance, rotational speed, torque, tillage depth, and sowing hole spacing. Compared with traditional field tests, the soil trough test bench has advantages such as being unaffected by time / weather conditions, minimal parameter differences during repeated tests, high data accuracy and precision, short test cycles, and low test costs.

[0003] However, existing soil trough test benches have technical limitations in detecting ditching and sowing, which are two crucial stages in agricultural production. Achieving high-precision control and monitoring throughout these processes is of great importance. To further simulate a more realistic farmland environment and meet the needs of comprehensive and accurate testing, a completely new design solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art and provide a simulation test bench with ditching and sowing functions to solve the problem of lack of control and detection in the ditching and sowing process of the existing test bench.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention is a simulation test bench with ditching and sowing functions, comprising: a soil trough mechanism, a test bench movably mounted on the soil trough mechanism with a soil-containing trough, including: a test bench support, and a preparation device, a ditching device, and a sowing device mounted on the test bench support; the preparation device is used to level the soil, the ditching device is used to dig furrows, and the sowing device is used to disperse seeds; a power system is used to drive the operation of the test bench, the preparation device, the ditching device, and the sowing device; a data acquisition system is used to acquire the operating data of the test bench and the power system; and a control system is used to control the operation of the test bench, the power system, and the data acquisition system.

[0006] The soil trough mechanism includes: a strip-shaped support frame, with the receiving trough disposed within the support frame; the upper part of the support frame is open, forming an opening connecting the receiving trough to the outside; guide rails are provided on both sides of the opening, and the test trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism through the guide rails; a drainage hole is provided on one side of the support frame.

[0007] The acquisition system includes: limit sensors, located at both ends of the receiving groove, for preventing the test trolley from colliding with the soil trough mechanism; laser speed sensors, located on the test trolley, for acquiring the travel speed data of the test trolley; and linear encoders, located on the test trolley, for acquiring the linear displacement data of the test trolley.

[0008] The trolley support includes: a mobile chassis and a mounting frame mounted on the mobile chassis; the preparation device is connected to one side of the mobile chassis; the preparation device includes: a scraper extending into a receiving groove, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the scraper; the ditching device is connected to one side of the mounting frame; the ditching device includes a connecting plate and a ditching structure, the ditching structure being connected to the mounting frame via the connecting plate; the connecting plate is located above the preparation device, and the ditching structure is located on the side of the preparation device away from the mobile chassis and is spaced apart from the preparation device; the sowing device is located on the side of the mounting frame away from the ditching device; the power system is located on the mobile chassis.

[0009] The trenching structure includes: a vertical arm and a trenching cutter disposed at the lower end of the vertical arm; the vertical arm is provided with a row of spaced adjustment holes; the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment holes; the mounting frame is provided with a connecting rod, the rod is provided with a vertical mounting groove, one end of the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment hole, and the other end is connected to the mounting groove.

[0010] The power system includes: a trolley power system; the trolley power system includes: a trolley motor and a first transmission assembly; the test trolley includes a trolley power shaft, and the two ends of the trolley power shaft are provided with mating gears; a guide rack is provided on the guide rail, and the mating gears mesh with the guide rack; the trolley motor drives the trolley power shaft through the first transmission assembly, and the trolley power shaft moves on the guide rail through the mating gears and the guide rack.

[0011] The trolley motor includes: a first drive shaft, and a first dynamic torque sensor disposed on the first drive shaft; the first transmission assembly includes: a first drive gear disposed on the first drive shaft, a drive gear disposed on the trolley power shaft, and a first driven gear that connects the first drive gear and the drive gear respectively.

[0012] The power system includes a sowing power system, which includes a sowing motor and a second transmission component; the sowing device includes a sowing shaft with a sowing wheel on it; the sowing electrode drives the sowing shaft and the sowing wheel to move through the second transmission component, thereby controlling the sowing action.

[0013] The seeding electrode includes: a second drive shaft and a second dynamic torque sensor disposed on the second drive shaft; the second transmission assembly includes: a second drive gear disposed on the second drive shaft; a first driven shaft; a second driven gear disposed on the first driven shaft, the second driven gear being connected to the second drive gear; a first driven sprocket disposed on the first driven shaft; a second driven shaft; a second driven sprocket disposed on the second driven shaft, the second driven sprocket being connected to the first driven sprocket via a first chain; and a third driven wheel disposed on the second driven shaft, the third driven wheel being connected to the seeding wheel via a transmission belt.

[0014] The control system includes a manual control system and an automatic control system; when the manual control system is activated, it will block the operation of the automatic control system. The manual control system is used to adjust various parameters; the automatic control system is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: it integrates the machinery components required for the three important stages of soil preparation, ditching, and sowing, achieving automated linkage between ditching and sowing. This allows the machinery components to simulate their actual working conditions in the field and obtain more comprehensive performance parameters, avoiding the influence of environmental, seasonal, and agricultural timing factors during field trials. Furthermore, this solution incorporates corresponding measures for waterproofing, rust prevention, and extended service life, resulting in a simple, stable, reliable, and convenient overall structure for the test bench. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the soil trough mechanism in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test trolley in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power system in this invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main interface in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition system in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Soil trench mechanism; 2. Test trolley; 3. Power system; 4. Control system; 5. Data acquisition system; 11. Support frame; 12. Guide rail; 121. Guide rack; 551. First limit reflector; 552. Second limit reflector; 21. Trolley bracket; 22. Preparation device; 221. Scraper; 222. Adjustment mechanism; 23. Ditching device; 231. Connecting plate; 24. Seeding device; 53. Laser velocity sensor; 54. Linear encoder. The components include: trolley motor 311, first motor bracket 313, first dynamic torque sensor 51, first drive shaft 3204, first drive gear 3205, first driven gear 3206, trolley power shaft 3201, mating gear 3202, power gear 3203, seeding motor 312, second motor bracket 314, second dynamic torque sensor 52, second drive shaft 3207, second drive gear 3208, second driven gear 3209, first driven sprocket 3210, second driven sprocket 3211, seeding shaft 3214, and seeding wheel 3213. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a simulation test bench with ditching and sowing functions, including: a soil trough mechanism 1, which is provided with a container for storing soil; a test bench 2, which is movably mounted on the soil trough mechanism 1, including: a bench support 21, and a preparation device 22, a ditching device 23, and a sowing device 24 mounted on the bench support 21; the preparation device 22 is used to level the soil, the ditching device 23 is used to dig furrows, and the sowing device 24 is used to scatter seeds; a power system 3 is used to drive the operation of the test bench 2, the preparation device 22, the ditching device 23, and the sowing device 24; a data acquisition system 5 is used to acquire the operating data of the test bench 2 and the power system 3; and a control system 4 is used to control the operation of the test bench 2, the power system 3, and the data acquisition system 5.

[0026] Simulating ditching and sowing operations in real farmland, and testing multiple performance parameters under different environments or with different machinery, can provide necessary theoretical basis for the design of soil-contacting components of agricultural machinery.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the soil trough mechanism 1 includes: a strip-shaped support frame 11, and the receiving trough is disposed in the support frame 11; the upper part of the support frame 11 is open, forming an opening that connects the receiving trough with the outside; guide rails 12 are provided on both sides of the opening, and the test trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism 1 through the guide rails 12; a drainage hole is provided on one side of the support frame.

[0028] In this embodiment, the support frame 11 is an open cuboid frame with dimensions of 5.6m × 0.6m × 0.2m, composed of profiles and angle aluminum to ensure its structural strength and stability. The inner side of the support frame 11 is painted to effectively prevent corrosion. Drainage holes are drilled on both sides of the cuboid frame to further connect to drainage devices. The drainage holes include upper and lower through holes. The guide rail 12 is a linear guide rail 12.

[0029] The acquisition system 5 includes: limit sensors, located at both ends of the receiving groove, for preventing the test trolley 2 from colliding with the soil trough mechanism 1; a laser speed sensor 53, located on the test trolley 2, for acquiring the travel speed data of the test trolley 2; and a linear encoder 54, located on the test trolley 2, for acquiring the linear displacement data of the test trolley 2.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the trolley support 21 includes a mobile chassis and a mounting frame mounted on the mobile chassis. The preparation device 22 is connected to one side of the mobile chassis. The preparation device 22 includes a scraper 221 extending into a receiving groove and an adjustment mechanism 222 for adjusting the height of the scraper 221. The trenching device 23 is connected to one side of the mounting frame. The trenching device 23 includes a connecting plate 231 and a trenching structure. The trenching structure is connected to the mounting frame through the connecting plate 231. The connecting plate 231 is located above the preparation device 22, and the trenching structure is located on the side of the preparation device 22 away from the mobile chassis and is spaced apart from the preparation device 22. The seeding device 24 is located on the side of the mounting frame away from the trenching device 23. The power system 3 is located on the mobile chassis.

[0031] In this embodiment, the mounting frame is a cuboid frame with dimensions of 0.8m × 0.6m × 0.6m, made of aluminum profile. The preparation device 22 is located on one side of the test bench 2 in one direction of movement, specifically on the front end face of the mounting frame. The adjustment mechanism 222 is a remote control adjustment mechanism 222, which, along with the scraper 221, enables soil leveling. The seeding device 24 is bolted to the rear end face of the mounting frame, enabling precise control of seed distribution. The limit sensor is a limit reflector, specifically including a first limit reflector 551 and a second limit reflector 552.

[0032] The trenching structure includes a vertical arm and a trenching blade located at the lower end of the vertical arm; the vertical arm has a row of spaced-apart adjustment holes; a connecting plate 231 is connected to the adjustment holes; the mounting frame has a connecting rod with a vertical mounting groove; one end of the connecting plate 231 is connected to the adjustment hole, and the other end is connected to the mounting groove. Through the design of the adjustment holes, mounting groove, and connecting plate 231, the experimental platform can adapt to the planting needs of different crops and soil conditions.

[0033] The power system 3 includes a trolley power system 3; the trolley power system 3 includes a trolley motor 311 and a first transmission assembly; the test trolley 2 includes a trolley power shaft 3201, with mating gears 3202 at both ends of the trolley power shaft 3201; a guide rack 121 is provided on the guide rail 12, and the mating gears 3202 mesh with the guide rack 121; the trolley motor 311 drives the trolley power shaft 3201 through the first transmission assembly, and the trolley power shaft 3201 moves on the guide rail 12 through the mating gears 3202 and the guide rack 121. The guide rack 121 is used to guide the test trolley 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, the trolley motor 311 is a servo motor used to control the running speed of the test trolley 2, as well as its forward and reverse, acceleration and deceleration movements. It is fixed to the test trolley via the first motor bracket 313. The trolley power system 3 is used to set the trolley's running distance, jogging speed, acceleration and deceleration time, forward speed, acceleration distance, number of reciprocating motions, and sine wave period. It has six motion modes: forward / reverse operation, forward / reverse reciprocating, and sine / antisine operation.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the trolley motor 311 includes: a first drive shaft 3204 and a first dynamic torque sensor 51 disposed on the first drive shaft 3204; the first transmission assembly includes: a first drive gear 3205 disposed on the first drive shaft 3204, a drive gear 3203 disposed on the trolley power shaft 3201, and a first driven gear 3206 that connects the first drive gear 3205 and the drive gear 3203 respectively.

[0036] The power system 3 includes: a seeding power system 3, which includes: a seeding motor 312 and a second transmission component;

[0037] The sowing device 24 includes a sowing shaft 3214, on which a sowing wheel 3213 is provided; the sowing electrode drives the sowing shaft 3214 and the sowing wheel 3213 to move through a second transmission component, thereby controlling the sowing action.

[0038] In this embodiment, the seeding motor 312 is a servo motor used to control the seeding speed of the seeding device 24. The seeding motor 312 is fixed on the test vehicle by the second motor bracket 314.

[0039] The seeding motor 312 includes: a second drive shaft 3207, and a second dynamic torque sensor 52 disposed on the second drive shaft 3207;

[0040] The second transmission assembly includes: a second drive gear 3208 disposed on a second drive shaft 3207; a first driven shaft; a second driven gear 3209 disposed on the first driven shaft, the second driven gear 3209 being connected to the second drive gear 3208; a first driven sprocket 3210 disposed on the first driven shaft; a second driven shaft; a second driven sprocket 3211 disposed on the second driven shaft, the second driven sprocket 3211 being connected to the first driven sprocket 3210 via a first chain; and a third driven wheel disposed on the second driven shaft, the third driven wheel being connected to the sowing wheel 3213 via a transmission belt.

[0041] The seeding power system 3 is used to set the seeder's operating speed, operating distance, and jogging speed. It has two movement modes: forward and reverse. It also features forward and reverse jogging functionality.

[0042] It also includes a backup control system 4, used to set backup operating speed, backup operating distance, and backup jogging speed. It has two motion modes: forward and reverse operation. It also has forward and reverse jogging functions. It serves as a backup power source for emergency or specific test conditions. This enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the test bench.

[0043] The control system 4 includes a manual control system 4 and an automatic control system 4. When the manual control system 4 is activated, it blocks the operation of the automatic control system 4. The manual control system 4 is used to adjust various parameters. The automatic control system 4 is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

[0044] In this embodiment, the manual control system 4 includes an operating joystick for controlling the forward movement of the test bench. This solution integrates multiple control systems 4, each independently controlling the trolley servo motor, seeder servo motor, and backup servo motor. The control system 4 is built using LabVIEW software and integrates two core components: a main interface display and servo motor control. The main interface panel provides the user interface, enabling functions such as test mode selection, monitoring, and data recording; the servo motor control is responsible for setting test parameters, achieving precise control of the trolley servo motor, seeder servo motor, and even the backup servo motor.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the data acquisition system 5 includes a computer for data acquisition and a main interface panel with a touchscreen. The main interface displays real-time dynamic curves of the seeder torque, trolley torque, seeder rotation speed, and trolley speed. Data acquisition and control buttons facilitate users in recording and interrupting the test process at any time. Safety function buttons such as emergency stop alarm and light curtain alarm are provided, along with control buttons for right safety switch, left safety switch, right deceleration point, left deceleration point, right origin, and left origin, ensuring safe operation and precise control of the test bench. Two modes are provided: independent seeder control and seeder movement with the trolley, meeting different test requirements. Furthermore, it supports six test modes: continuous forward / reverse motion, sinusoidal forward / reverse motion, and reciprocating forward / reverse motion, allowing users to flexibly select according to actual needs. Setting the seeder hole spacing and number of rows further ensures the flexibility and accuracy of the test.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test platform with ditching and sowing functions, characterized in that, include: The soil trough mechanism is equipped with a container for storing soil; The test trolley, movably mounted on the soil trough mechanism, includes: a trolley support, and a preparation device, a ditching device, and a seeding device mounted on the trolley support; the preparation device is used to level the soil, the ditching device is used to dig furrows, and the seeding device is used to disperse seeds. The power system is used to drive the operation of the test trolley, preparation device, furrowing device, and seeding device; The data acquisition system is used to collect operational data from the test trolley and power system. The control system is used to control the operation of the test trolley, power system, and data acquisition system. The soil trough mechanism includes: a strip-shaped support frame, and the receiving trough is disposed within the support frame; The upper part of the support frame is open, forming an opening that connects the receiving groove to the outside; Guide rails are provided on both sides of the opening, and the test trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism through the guide rails; A drainage hole is provided on one side of the support frame; The trolley support includes: a mobile chassis, and a mounting frame mounted on the mobile chassis. The preparation device is connected to one side of the mobile chassis; the preparation device includes: a scraper extending into the receiving groove, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the scraper. The trenching device is connected to one side of the mounting frame; the trenching device includes a connecting plate and a trenching structure, the trenching structure being connected to the mounting frame via the connecting plate; the connecting plate is located above the preparation device, and the trenching structure is located on the side of the preparation device away from the mobile chassis and is spaced apart from the preparation device. The seeding device is located on the side of the mounting frame away from the furrowing device; The power system is mounted on the mobile chassis; The trenching structure includes: a vertical arm and a trenching cutter disposed at the lower end of the vertical arm; the vertical arm is provided with a row of spaced-apart adjustment holes; the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment holes; The mounting frame is provided with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is provided with a vertical mounting groove. One end of the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment hole, and the other end is connected to the mounting groove.

2. The simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition system includes: Limit sensors are located at both ends of the receiving groove to prevent the test trolley from colliding with the soil trough mechanism; A laser speed sensor, mounted on the test trolley, is used to collect the travel speed data of the test trolley. A linear encoder, mounted on a test trolley, is used to collect linear displacement data of the test trolley.

3. A simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The power system includes: a trolley power system; the trolley power system includes: a trolley motor and a first transmission assembly. The test trolley includes a trolley drive shaft, and the two ends of the trolley drive shaft are provided with mating gears; The guide rail is provided with a guide rack, and the mating gear meshes with the guide rack. The trolley motor drives the trolley power shaft through the first transmission component, and the trolley power shaft moves on the guide rail through a cooperating gear and a guide rack.

4. The simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trolley motor includes: a first drive shaft, and a first dynamic torque sensor disposed on the first drive shaft; The first transmission assembly includes: a first drive gear disposed on a first drive shaft, a drive gear disposed on a trolley drive shaft, and a first driven gear that connects the first drive gear and the drive gear respectively.

5. A simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The power system includes: a seeding power system, which includes: a seeding motor and a second transmission component; The seeding device includes a seeding shaft, on which a seeding wheel is provided; The sowing motor drives the sowing shaft and the sowing wheel to move through the second transmission component, thereby controlling the sowing action.

6. The simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The seeding motor includes: a second drive shaft, and a second dynamic torque sensor disposed on the second drive shaft; The second transmission assembly includes: The second drive gear is mounted on the second drive shaft; First driven shaft; A second driven gear is disposed on the first driven shaft, and the second driven gear is connected to the second driving gear; The first driven sprocket is mounted on the first driven shaft; Second driven shaft; A second driven sprocket is disposed on a second driven shaft, and the second driven sprocket is connected to the first driven sprocket via a first chain; A third driven wheel is mounted on the second driven shaft, and the third driven wheel is connected to the seeding wheel via a transmission belt.

7. A simulation test platform with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The control system includes: a manual control system and an automatic control system; Once activated, the manual control system will block the operation of the automatic control system. The manual control system is used to adjust various parameters. The automatic control system is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

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