A method for promoting the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds

Abstract

The present invention provides a management method for promoting the germination of polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, and relates to the technical field of polygonatum cyrtonema seeds treatment. The management method mainly comprises the steps of soaking berries picked in the current season in ice water, blanching in boiling water and soaking in warm water to obtain seeds, preparing nutrients by mixing menthol, salicylic acid, madecassoside, xylitol and other substances with saline, high-pressure soaking and ultrasonic treatment of the seeds after the seeds are sterilized, germination at constant temperature and humidity, sowing and the like. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, effectively breaks the dormancy of seeds so that the seeds harvested in the current season can be directly germinated and sown, and promotes subsequent emergence, thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency of polygonatum sowing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polygonatum cyrtonema seed processing, and in particular to a method for promoting polygonatum cyrtonema seed germination. Background Art

[0002] Yunnan Polygonatum belongs to the genus Polygonatum of the Liliaceae family, and is similar to Polygonatum multiflorum. Its rhizome is used as medicine, and its medicinal taste is mild, sweet and easy to take. It is a top-grade tonic, and has the functions of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, strengthening the spleen, moistening the lungs, and benefiting the kidneys. As people gain a deeper understanding of the medicinal value and health-care effects of Polygonatum, wild resources are gradually exhausted, and artificial cultivation has become the main way to obtain Polygonatum on the market.

[0003] Artificial cultivation of Polygonatum sibiricum mainly includes sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction mainly uses roots for reproduction, but the overall reproduction coefficient is low, the overall production cost is high, and the overall uniformity of seedlings using rhizome reproduction is poor, and large-scale planting is prone to losses. Sexual reproduction of Polygonatum sibiricum is through seed planting, but the dormancy period of Polygonatum sibiricum seed seedlings is long and the natural germination rate is low. Existing artificial sowing uses artificial intervention to break the seed dormancy.

[0004] The dormancy of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds is caused by a combination of factors. Generally, plant hormones are used to promote seed germination. However, after germination, Polygonatum sibiricum seeds experience a secondary dormancy and do not germinate in the same year. This leads to the problem that the overall planting of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds takes a long time. Therefore, on the basis of existing technologies, further breaking the dormancy of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds, promoting seed sowing and germination, and shortening the Polygonatum sibiricum seedling raising time are important research directions in the artificial cultivation of Polygonatum sibiricum at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for promoting the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, which can effectively break the seed dormancy so that the seeds harvested in the season can be directly germinated and sown, and promote subsequent seedling emergence, thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency of Polygonatum cyrtonema sowing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for promoting the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Seed acquisition: Select mature Polygonatum cyrtonema berries and soak them in ice water, then rinse them in boiling water for 3-5 seconds, then take out the Polygonatum cyrtonema berries and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C, then rub them to remove the peel and retain the seeds, rinse them clean, and obtain Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds for later use;

[0009] S2. Prepare the nutrient according to the following content: 0.4% saline + 10-20mg / L GA3 + 20-40mg / L menthol + 25-40mg / L salicylic acid + 10-15mg / L madecassoside + 10-15mg / L xylitol;

[0010] S3, seed pretreatment: sterilize the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, mix them with the above-mentioned nutrient agent, soak them, and increase the pressure to 0.8-1.0 MPa for ultrasonic treatment for 15-20 minutes, then let them stand at normal pressure, and then take them out and drain them naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0011] S4, initial seed germination: placing the above seeds in a constant temperature and humidity environment until the seeds germinate and produce radicles;

[0012] S5. Seed sowing: After the seeds that have germinated with radicles are sprayed once with a nutrient agent containing clean water instead of salt water, they are transferred to the substrate and managed normally.

[0013] Preferably, the soaking time in ice water in step S1 is 1-2 hours, and the soaking time in 30-35° C. warm water is 20-30 minutes.

[0014] Preferably, the method of disinfecting the seeds in step S3 is to place the seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for soaking for 30 minutes, and then take them out and irradiate them with ultraviolet light for 10-15 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the mixed liquid of the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and the nutrient agent for soaking is 1:3-5.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure increasing method in step S3 is to increase the pressure by filling with nitrogen.

[0017] Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment in step S3 is 400-600 W, and the standing time at normal pressure is 30-40 min.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature of the constant temperature and humidity environment in step S4 is 20±2° C., and the humidity is 70%-80%.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of the nutrient agent without salt water sprayed in step S5 is 400-500 mL per kilogram of seeds that have germinated radicles.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the matrix is ​​composed of a mixture of river sand and red soil, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the red soil is 1:1.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for promoting the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, which has the advantages of:

[0022] The present invention processes Yunnan polygonatum berries harvested in the current season to obtain seeds. The early berry ice water bath combined with boiling water blanching and warm water soaking can effectively improve the convenience of seed peeling, shorten the ripening time of berry harvest, and improve the activity of seeds. The subsequent nutrient high-pressure soaking and ultrasonic treatment can effectively break and prevent seed dormancy, and can directly germinate without sand storage and other treatments. Seeds with radicles can be harvested in a short time, and can germinate in the same year during subsequent sowing, and the neatly grown annual Yunnan polygonatum seedlings can be harvested in the spring of the second year, thereby shortening the seedling raising period of traditional Yunnan polygonatum and facilitating the large-scale development of Yunnan polygonatum artificial cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the berry morphology used in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of seed germination in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seed germination and growth of the experimental group 2-9 after 15 days of treatment in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of seedlings in December 2023 after sowing in the experimental group 10 in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of seedlings in March 2024 after sowing in the experimental group 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] Configuration of nutrients (SA):

[0031] (1) SA-1: 0.4% saline + 10 mg / L GA3 + 20 mg / L menthol + 25 mg / L salicylic acid + 10 mg / L madecassoside + 10 mg / L xylitol;

[0032] (2) SA-2: 0.4% saline + 20 mg / L GA3 + 40 mg / L menthol + 40 mg / L salicylic acid + 15 mg / L madecassoside + 15 mg / L xylitol;

[0033] (3) SA-3: water + 20 mg / L GA3 + 40 mg / L menthol + 40 mg / L salicylic acid + 15 mg / L madecassoside + 15 mg / L xylitol;

[0034] (4) SA-4: 0.4% saline + 20 mg / L GA3 + 40 mg / L menthol + 40 mg / L salicylic acid + 15 mg / L xylitol;

[0035] (5) CK: clean water.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] Seed germination treatment:

[0038] (1) Pick ripe Polygonatum cyrtonema berries from the field in the current season, soak them in ice water for 1.5 h, rinse them in boiling water for 5 s, take them out and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C for 25±5 min. When the surface color of the berries deepens and turns red, and the whole berries soften, rub them by hand to remove the peel and pulp, retain the seeds, and rinse them for later use;

[0039] (2) soaking the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, taking out and irradiating with ultraviolet light for 15 minutes, then mixing the seeds with a nutrient agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking and filling with nitrogen to increase the pressure to 1.0 MPa, using 400W ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, and then standing at normal pressure for 35±5 minutes, and then taking out and draining naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0040] (3) Placing the above seeds in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for seed germination.

[0041] Comparative Example 1:

[0042] Seed germination treatment:

[0043] (1) Pick ripe Polygonatum cyrtonema berries from the field in the current season, soak them in ice water for 1.5 hours, then take them out and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C for 25±5 minutes. When the surface color of the berries deepens and turns red, and the whole berries soften, rub them by hand to remove the peel and pulp, retain the seeds, and rinse them for later use;

[0044] (2) soaking the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, taking out and irradiating with ultraviolet light for 15 minutes, then mixing the seeds with a nutrient agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking and filling with nitrogen to increase the pressure to 1.0 MPa, using 400W ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, and then standing at normal pressure for 35±5 minutes, and then taking out and draining naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0045] (3) Placing the above seeds in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for seed germination.

[0046] Comparative Example 2:

[0047] Seed germination treatment:

[0048] (1) Pick ripe Polygonatum cyrtonema berries from the field in the current season, soak them in warm water at 30-35°C for 25±5 min, until the surface color of the berries deepens and turns red, and the whole berries soften, rub them by hand to remove the peel and pulp, retain the seeds, and rinse them for later use;

[0049] (2) soaking the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, taking out and irradiating with ultraviolet light for 15 minutes, then mixing the seeds with a nutrient agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking and filling with nitrogen to increase the pressure to 1.0 MPa, using 400W ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, and then standing at normal pressure for 35±5 minutes, and then taking out and draining naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0050] (3) Placing the above seeds in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for seed germination.

[0051] Comparative Example 3:

[0052] Seed germination treatment:

[0053] (1) Pick ripe Polygonatum cyrtonema berries from the field in the current season, soak them in ice water for 1.5 h, rinse them in boiling water for 5 s, take them out and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C for 25±5 min. When the surface color of the berries deepens and turns red, and the whole berries soften, rub them by hand to remove the peel and pulp, retain the seeds, and rinse them for later use;

[0054] (2) soaking the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, taking out and irradiating with ultraviolet light for 15 minutes, then mixing the seeds with a nutrient agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 and soaking for 55±5 minutes, then taking out and draining naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0055] (3) Placing the above seeds in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for seed germination.

[0056] Comparative Example 4:

[0057] Seed germination treatment:

[0058] (1) Pick ripe Polygonatum cyrtonema berries from the field in the current season, soak them in ice water for 1.5 h, rinse them in boiling water for 5 s, take them out and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C for 25±5 min. When the surface color of the berries deepens and turns red, and the whole berries soften, rub them by hand to remove the peel and pulp, retain the seeds, and rinse them for later use;

[0059] (2) soaking the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, taking out and irradiating with ultraviolet light for 15 minutes, then mixing the seeds with a nutrient agent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, soaking and filling with nitrogen to increase the pressure to 1.0 MPa, standing for 20 minutes, and then standing at normal pressure for 35±5 minutes, and then taking out and draining naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0060] (3) Placing the above seeds in an environment with a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for seed germination.

[0061] Detection:

[0062] 1. The effects of different nutrients and different seed germination treatments on the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds were tested. The selection of specific nutrients and different seed germination treatments is shown in Table 1 below:

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The raw materials were obtained from the Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema field in Shuangjiang, Lincang from August 20 to 22, 2023, and the berries were shaped like Figure 1 As shown;

[0067] Each group of 100 seeds was used for the experiment, and the germination rates of the experimental groups 1-9 at 3d, 7d, and 15d after germination were detected (germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of seeds × 100%, and the germination criteria were that the seeds were judged to have germinated when white protrusions appeared at the radicle, and the germination rate was 100%. Figure 2 ), the specific results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from the table above, some seeds in experimental group 1-2 germinated after 3 days of treatment, and more than 90% of the seeds germinated at 7 days. In experimental group 3, the nutrient agent used clean water instead of salt water, and the early germination effect was significantly weaker than that of experimental group 1-2; in experimental group 4, the addition of hydroxy-madecassoside was omitted, and the overall germination rate was slightly lower than that of experimental group 1-2; in experimental group 5, clean water was used as a nutrient agent, and there was no germination in the early stage, and only a small part of the seeds germinated at 15 days; in experimental group 6, the boiling water blanching treatment of the berries was omitted, and the early germination effect was significantly reduced. low; in experimental group 7, the ice water treatment and boiling water blanching treatment of the berries were omitted, and the seeds did not even germinate in the early stage, and the subsequent germination rate was also significantly reduced; in experimental group 8, the seeds were only soaked in nutrients normally, the seeds did not germinate in the early stage, and the subsequent seed germination rate was also low; in experimental group 9, the ultrasonic treatment was omitted when the seeds were soaked in nutrients, and the overall germination rate of the seeds was low; that is, the addition of salt water and madecassoside in the nutrients in experimental groups 1-2, as well as the early pretreatment of the Polygonatum cyrtonema berries and the subsequent soaking of the seeds can promote the early germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema and improve the germination rate.

[0071] The germination of seeds in experimental groups 2-9 after 15 days of treatment was as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the seeds of experimental groups 3-9 had poor germination, and most of them germinated short radicles, while the radicles of experimental group 2 grew longer and the plumules germinated obviously.

[0072] 2. Detect the emergence of seeds after sowing after germination. Use the method of experimental group 2 to obtain germinated seeds treated for 15 days. Spray 500 mL of nutrient agent per kilogram of germinated seeds. Then, on September 20, 2023, sow them in a matrix with a mass ratio of river sand to red soil of 1:1, irrigate with clean water, and manage the greenhouse normally. Record the emergence rate 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days after sowing (emergence rate = number of seedlings / total number of sowings × 100%). The specific results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0073] Table 3

[0074]

[0075] As can be seen from the above table, the overall emergence of Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema after sowing in Experimental Group 10 was earlier and the emergence rate was also higher. In December 2023, the overall emergence of Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema in Experiment 10 was as follows: Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the overall emergence of Polygonatum cyrtonema in Experiment 10 in March 2024 is as follows Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, the overall growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema was good; in March 2024, the overall emergence of Polygonatum cyrtonema in Experiment 10 was relatively uniform (such as Figure 4 ), while the overall uniformity of the emergence of Polygonatum cyrtonema in Experiment 11 was poor (e.g. Figure 5 ).

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Seed acquisition: Select mature Polygonatum cyrtonema berries and soak them in ice water, then rinse them in boiling water for 3-5 seconds, then take out the Polygonatum cyrtonema berries and soak them in warm water at 30-35°C, then rub them to remove the peel and retain the seeds, rinse them clean, and obtain Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds for later use; S2. Prepare the nutrient according to the following content: 0.4% saline + 10-20mg / L GA3 + 20-40mg / L menthol + 25-40mg / L salicylic acid + 10-15mg / L madecassoside + 10-15mg / L xylitol; S3, seed pretreatment: sterilize the above-mentioned Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, mix them with the above-mentioned nutrient agent, soak them, and increase the pressure to 0.8-1.0 MPa for ultrasonic treatment for 15-20 minutes, then let them stand at normal pressure, and then take them out and drain them naturally to obtain pretreated seeds for use; S4, initial seed germination: placing the above seeds in a constant temperature and humidity environment until the seeds germinate and produce radicles; S5. Seed sowing: The seeds that have germinated radicles are sprayed once with a nutrient agent that does not contain salt water and then transferred to the substrate normally.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soaking time in ice water in step S1 is 1-2 hours, and the soaking time in 30-35° C. warm water is 20-30 minutes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of disinfecting the seeds in step S3 is to place the seeds in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and soak them for 30 minutes, then take them out and irradiate them with ultraviolet light for 10-15 minutes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the mass ratio of the mixture of the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and the nutrient agent for soaking is 1:3-5.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure increasing method in step S3 is to increase the pressure by filling with nitrogen.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the ultrasonic treatment in step S3 is 400-600W, and the standing time at normal pressure is 30-40min.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity environment in step S4 is 20±2° C., and the humidity is 70%-80%.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of the nutrient agent without salt water sprayed in step S5 is 400-500 mL per kilogram of seeds that have germinated radicles.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the matrix is ​​composed of a mixture of river sand and red soil, and the mass ratio of river sand to red soil is 1:1.

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