Corn field weeding machine and weeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn field weeder and weeding method, and relates to the technical field of field weeding. The invention comprises a traveling device, comprising a vehicle body, and crawler-type traveling mechanisms are constructed on both sides of the vehicle body; a vertical support mechanism, comprising a support rod fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body, a mounting sleeve is slidably sleeved on the support rod, an electromagnet is installed on the top of the support rod, and a permanent magnet with fixed magnetic poles is installed on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve; a horizontal support mechanism, comprising a cylindrical rod horizontally mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve and horizontally arranged, the two ends of the cylindrical rod extend out of the mounting sleeve, and the two ends of the cylindrical rod are coaxially mounted with extension rods; a first cutting mechanism, comprising a positioning block sleeved on the extension rod, a vertical rod is installed on the bottom surface of the positioning block, and a first cutting tool is constructed at the bottom end of the vertical rod; so as to solve the problem that the existing mechanical weeding is difficult to clear weeds between plants and is easy to accidentally damage corn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of field weeding, in particular to a corn field weeding machine and a weeding method. Background Art

[0002] Corn weeding is a very important part of the corn planting process. Its main purpose is to control the growth of weeds through chemical or physical methods to reduce the competition of weeds for water, nutrients and light for corn growth, thereby improving corn yield and quality.

[0003] Cornfields contain a wide variety of weeds, primarily annual grasses (such as crabgrass, foxtail grass, and barnyard grass) and broadleaf weeds (such as quinoa, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Chenopodium album). These weeds not only compete with corn for resources but can also serve as intermediate hosts for pests and diseases, severely impacting corn growth and yield.

[0004] While traditional manual and mechanical weeding methods are effective in some cases, they suffer from inefficiency, high costs, and potential damage to the environment and crops. For example, while manual weeding is precise, it is labor-intensive and difficult to remove completely. While mechanical weeding is highly efficient, improper operation can damage crops and soil, and the equipment is expensive.

[0005] Environmental and health risks of chemical weed control: While highly effective, long-term use of chemical herbicides can lead to increased weed resistance, increased environmental pollution, and potential harm to human health. Furthermore, long-residue herbicides pose a significant risk to soil and water pollution.

[0006] Therefore, mechanical weeding offers significant advantages over manual and chemical weeding. However, the main challenge lies in identifying and locating crops and weeds. While mechanical weeding technology is relatively mature for removing weeds between rows, it presents a greater challenge when removing weeds between plants. Because weeds between plants are close to crop plants, mechanical weeding can easily cause accidental damage to the crop. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a corn field weeder and a weeding method to solve the problem that existing mechanical weeding is difficult to clear weeds between plants and easily damages corn by mistake.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical means:

[0009] A corn field weeder, comprising:

[0010] The traveling device comprises a vehicle body, and crawler-type traveling mechanisms are constructed on both sides of the vehicle body;

[0011] A vertical support mechanism comprises a support rod fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body, a mounting sleeve slidingly mounted on the support rod, an electromagnet mounted on the top of the support rod, and a permanent magnet with fixed magnetic poles mounted on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve;

[0012] A horizontal support mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve and arranged horizontally, with both ends of the cylindrical rod extending out of the mounting sleeve, and extension rods coaxially mounted on both ends of the cylindrical rod;

[0013] The first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block sleeved on the extension rod, a vertical rod is mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block, and a first cutting tool is configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod;

[0014] Several first cutting mechanisms are provided on the extension rod, and the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting tools serve as a passing gap for corn rhizomes. Several arc guide plates are arranged on the extension rod, and the arc guide plates are provided between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and located above the passing gap.

[0015] Furthermore, the support rod is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the extension rod is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block is fixedly mounted on the extension rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the vertical rod includes a sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block, the sleeve having a cavity therein and passing through the bottom end of the sleeve, a sliding rod coaxially sliding inside the sleeve, a locking device installed at the barrel mouth of the sleeve, and the first cutting tool is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod.

[0018] Furthermore, a cavity is coaxially constructed inside the sliding rod, a rotating motor is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod, the rotating end of the rotating motor extends into the cavity of the sliding rod, the first cutting tool is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor through a bevel gear transmission.

[0019] Furthermore, the first cutting tool includes a turntable coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, the outer edge of the turntable is constructed with a plurality of teeth around its axis, and the ends of the teeth are extended with rubber strips, and the rubber strips extend into the gap.

[0020] Furthermore, the arc guide plate includes a positioning rod installed on the bottom surface of the extension rod, and an arc plate is installed on the bottom end of the positioning rod. The arc plate is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod, and the convex arc surface of the arc plate is arranged downward.

[0021] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the vehicle body is constructed with a mounting groove penetrating along the traveling direction, and the top surface of the mounting groove is installed with a second cutting mechanism, and the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism is arranged downward.

[0022] A corn field weeding method uses the aforementioned corn field weeder to perform weeding operations.

[0023] During use, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] When mowing, the travel device is used to move the entire equipment. The vertical support mechanism is adjusted to adjust the direction of the horizontal support mechanism. By controlling the magnetic force and magnetic pole of the electromagnet, during operation, the side of the electromagnet facing the permanent magnet has the same magnetic properties as the permanent magnet, which can lift the mounting sleeve. By adjusting the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the height of the horizontal support mechanism can be adjusted, allowing the top of the corn crop to pass smoothly under the extension rod. During the weeding process, the first cutting mechanism is used to cut the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks. As the travel device moves, the corn stalks pass through the gap, and the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks are cut by the two first cutting tools. Furthermore, the electromagnet and permanent magnet not only adjust the height of the extension rod, but also, since the mounting sleeve is suspended after adjustment, if a portion of the corn stalk is too high, exceeding the height of the extension rod, when the extension rod passes over tall corn plants, the curved guide plate slightly bends the overly tall portion of the corn plant, allowing the extension rod to be lifted under the action of the curved guide plate, thereby preventing severe pressure on the corn plant and causing damage to the crop. Furthermore, because the electromagnet maintains a stable magnetic force during a single operation, the mounting sleeve naturally descends and returns to its original position after the extension rod is lifted and passes over tall plants. Furthermore, by rotating the cylindrical rod, when the travel device passes over uneven terrain, the weight of the first cutting mechanism allows the rod to rotate naturally, thereby ensuring that the first cutting mechanism remains upright and preventing the first cutting tool from scratching the bottom surface when the travel device passes over uneven fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0028] Figure 4It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure.

[0030] Among them, 1-car body, 2-crawler travel mechanism, 3-support rod, 4-mounting sleeve, 5-electromagnet, 6-permanent magnet, 7-cylindrical rod, 8-extension rod, 9-positioning block, 10-vertical rod, 101-cylinder sleeve, 102-sliding rod, 11-first cutting tool, 111-turntable, 112-tooth, 12-arc guide plate, 121-positioning rod, 122-arc plate, 13-locking device, 14-rotating motor, 15-rubber strip, 16-mounting groove, 17-second cutting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These terms are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a corn field weeder comprises:

[0038] The traveling device comprises a vehicle body 1, with crawler-type traveling mechanisms 2 constructed on both sides of the vehicle body 1;

[0039] A vertical support mechanism includes a support rod 3 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body 1, a mounting sleeve 4 slidingly sleeved on the support rod 3, an electromagnet 5 mounted on the top of the support rod 3, and a permanent magnet 6 with fixed magnetic poles mounted on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve 4;

[0040] The horizontal support mechanism includes a cylindrical rod 7 horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve 4 and arranged horizontally, with both ends of the cylindrical rod 7 extending out of the mounting sleeve 4, and extension rods 8 coaxially mounted on both ends of the cylindrical rod 7;

[0041] The first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block 9 sleeved on the extension rod 8, a vertical rod 10 is mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block 9, and a first cutting tool 11 is configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod 10;

[0042] The extension rod 8 is provided with several first cutting mechanisms, and the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting tools 11 serve as a passing gap for corn rhizomes. The extension rod 8 is provided with several arc guide plates 12, and the arc guide plates 12 are provided between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and are located above the passing gap.

[0043] In this way, when mowing, the traveling device is used to move the entire equipment. The vertical support mechanism is adjusted to adjust the direction of the horizontal support mechanism. By controlling the magnetic force and magnetic pole of the electromagnet 5, during operation, the side of the electromagnet 5 facing the permanent magnet 6 has the same magnetic properties as the permanent magnet 6, which can lift the mounting sleeve 4. By adjusting the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5, the height of the horizontal support mechanism can be adjusted so that the top of the corn crop can pass smoothly under the extension rod 8. During the weeding process, the first cutting mechanism is used to cut the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks. During the movement of the traveling device, the corn stalks pass through the gap, and the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks are cut by the two first cutting tools 11. Furthermore, the electromagnet 5 and permanent magnet 6 not only adjust the height of the extension rod 8, but also, since the mounting sleeve 4 is in a suspended state after adjustment, if a portion of the corn stalk is too high, exceeding the height of the extension rod 8, when the extension rod 8 passes over an overly tall corn plant, the curved guide plate 12 acts to slightly bend the overly tall portion of the corn plant, allowing the extension rod 8 to be lifted, thereby avoiding severe pressure on the corn plant and causing damage to the crop. Furthermore, since the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 remains stable during a single operation, after the extension rod 8 is lifted and passes over the overly tall plant, the mounting sleeve 4 naturally falls back to its original position. At the same time, by rotating the cylindrical rod 7, when the body 1 of the traveling device passes through an uneven position, the cylindrical rod 7 can rotate naturally under the adjustment of the first cutting mechanism's own weight, thereby ensuring that the first cutting mechanism is always in a vertical state, avoiding the first cutting tool 11 from being scratched on the bottom surface when the traveling device passes through an uneven field.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to improve the connection stability between the various components of the equipment, the support rod 3 is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve 4 is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod 3.

[0045] Moreover, the extension rod 8 is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block 9 is fixedly mounted on the extension rod 8 .

[0046] In order to adjust the gap between the first cutting tool 11 and the ground and avoid interference caused by the first cutting tool 11 being too close to or too short to the ground after adjusting the height of the extension rod 8, the vertical rod 10 includes a sleeve 101 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block 9. The sleeve 101 has a cavity therein and passes through the bottom end of the sleeve 101. A sliding rod 102 is coaxially slidably disposed within the sleeve 101. A locking device 13 is installed at the mouth of the sleeve 101. The first cutting tool 11 is disposed at the bottom end of the sliding rod 102.

[0047] In this way, the distance between the first cutting tool 11 and the ground can be adjusted by loosening the locking device 13 and sliding the sliding rod 102 in the sleeve 101.

[0048] Furthermore, a cavity is coaxially constructed inside the sliding rod 102, and a rotating motor 14 is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod 102. The rotating end of the rotating motor 14 extends into the cavity of the sliding rod 102. The first cutting tool 11 is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod 102, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool 11 coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod 102. The rotating shaft of the first cutting tool 11 is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor 14 through a bevel gear transmission.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to better cut the weeds around the diameter of the corn stalk, the first cutting tool 11 includes a turntable 111 coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, and the outer edge of the turntable 111 is constructed with a plurality of teeth 112 around its axis. The end of the tooth 112 is extended and installed with a rubber strip 15, and the rubber strip 15 extends into the gap.

[0050] In this way, the rubber strip 15 is used to hit the bottom side of the corn stalk when the corn stalk passes through the gap. The deformation of the rubber strip 15 can prevent the corn stalk from being cut. At the same time, the rubber strip 15 can be used to wave the weeds near the corn stalk to the position of the teeth 112 of the first cutting tool 11 for cutting, thereby not only ensuring that the corn stalk will not be damaged, but also improving the cutting effect of the weeds near the corn stalk.

[0051] Furthermore, the arc guide plate 12 includes a positioning rod 121 installed on the bottom surface of the extension rod 8, and an arc plate 122 is installed at the bottom end of the positioning rod 121. The arc plate 122 is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod 7, and the convex arc surface of the arc plate 122 is arranged downward.

[0052] In addition, in order to achieve field mowing, that is, to cut the weeds on the path along which the vehicle body 1 passes, the bottom surface of the vehicle body 1 is constructed with a mounting groove 16 that penetrates along the direction of travel, and the top surface of the mounting groove 16 is installed with a second cutting mechanism 17, and the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism 17 is set downward.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn field weeder, characterized in that: include: A traveling device, comprising a vehicle body (1), with crawler-type traveling mechanisms (2) being constructed on both sides of the vehicle body (1); A vertical support mechanism comprises a support rod (3) fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body (1), a mounting sleeve (4) being provided on a sliding sleeve of the support rod (3), an electromagnet (5) being mounted on the top of the support rod (3), and a permanent magnet (6) with fixed magnetic poles being mounted on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve (4); The horizontal support mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod (7) which is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve (4) and is arranged horizontally, the two ends of the cylindrical rod (7) extending out of the mounting sleeve (4), and the two ends of the cylindrical rod (7) are respectively coaxially mounted with extension rods (8); A first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block (9) sleeved on the extension rod (8), a vertical rod (10) being mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block (9), and a first cutting tool (11) being configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod (10); The extension rod (8) is provided with a plurality of the first cutting mechanisms, the space between the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting knives (11) serves as a passing gap for corn rhizomes, and the extension rod (8) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped guide plates (12) arranged in an array, the arc-shaped guide plates (12) being arranged between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and located above the passing gap; The first cutting tool (11) comprises a rotating disk (111) coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, the outer edge of the rotating disk (111) being configured with a plurality of cutting teeth (112) around its axis, a rubber strip (15) extending from the end of the cutting teeth (112), the rubber strip (15) extending into the through gap; The arc-shaped guide plate (12) comprises a positioning rod (121) mounted on the bottom surface of the extension rod (8), a curved plate (122) being mounted on the bottom end of the positioning rod (121), the curved plate (122) being coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod (7), and the outer convex curved surface of the curved plate (122) being arranged downwards; The extension rod (8) is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block (9) is fixedly mounted on the extension rod (8).

2. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (3) is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve (4) is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod (3).

3. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rod (10) comprises a sleeve (101) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block (9), the sleeve (101) having a cavity therein and penetrating from the bottom end of the sleeve (101), a sliding rod (102) coaxially slidingly arranged in the sleeve (101), a locking device (13) being installed at the sleeve mouth of the sleeve (101), and the first cutting tool (11) being arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod (102).

4. A corn field weeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cavity is coaxially structured inside the sliding rod (102), a rotating motor (14) is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating end of the rotating motor (14) extends into the cavity of the sliding rod (102). The first cutting tool (11) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool (11) coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool (11) is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor (14) through a bevel gear transmission.

5. The corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the vehicle body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (16) penetrating along the traveling direction, and a second cutting mechanism (17) is installed on the top surface of the mounting groove (16), wherein the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism (17) is arranged downward.

6. A method for weeding in a corn field, characterized in that: A corn field weeder according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used for weeding operations.

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