Method for testing vision based on spatial visual chart

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for testing vision based on a spatial visual chart, the spatial visual chart comprises n + 1 character surfaces, the n + 1 character surfaces stand on the surface and are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the n + 1 character surfaces are parallel to each other, each character surface is provided with at least one sighting mark, and when a plurality of sighting marks are formed on each character surface, the n + 1 character surfaces are parallel to each other; the length of all the sighting marks on the character face in the vertical direction is the same, M vision detection lines parallel to the character face are formed on the surface, the n + 1 character faces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines, the sighting mark 1 faces the M vision detection lines, and the distances between the n + 1 character faces and the same vision detection line are different. No sight is blocked between each vision detection line and the sighting marks on all the character surfaces, and the vision sizes of the sighting marks on the (n + 1) character surfaces from near to far by the testee are gradually reduced. A person moves back and forth to watch the spatial visual chart, so that the vision test of the visual performance of the three-dimensional spatial environment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vision detection, and in particular relates to a spatial vision chart and a method for testing vision based on the spatial vision chart. Background Art

[0002] The eye chart is an instrument for measuring visual acuity for human vision function (visual acuity refers to the ability of the eye to distinguish details between two objects). In order to accurately measure vision, the existing eye chart is designed to be a facade that can standardize and reflect the individual's vision level at a specific distance, which is an indoor static plane eye chart. The identification symbols on the eye chart (hereinafter referred to as sight marks) are designed to have a standardized specific proportion. The sight marks are designed to take into account the vision level required to correctly identify these sight marks at a certain distance. For example, the most commonly used "E-chart" (standard logarithmic eye chart) in my country has the same length and width in the vertical direction for each character, and the width of each line is one-fifth of the overall length of the character. Among them, the letter "E" is designed in different directions (up, down, left, and right), and the observer needs to point out the direction of the opening of the letter E at a fixed distance (such as 3m, 5m, etc.). There are also many forms such as the Snellen chart (alphabet chart) and the Landolt ring eye chart (C-chart).

[0003] However, the existing indoor static flat eye chart has the following problems in use:

[0004] 1. Not suitable for large outdoor spaces.

[0005] 2. Vision can only be tested at a fixed distance.

[0006] 3. All sight marks are located on the same plane. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a spatial vision chart that can be used to perform vision tests in space.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0010] A spatial vision chart comprises: n+1 character surfaces, the n+1 character surfaces stand on a surface and are perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces are parallel to each other, at least one sight mark is arranged on each character surface, when a plurality of sight marks are formed on each character surface, the lengths of all sight marks on the character surface along the vertical direction are the same, M vision detection lines parallel to the character surfaces are formed on the surface, the n+1 character surfaces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines and sight mark 1 faces the M vision detection lines, the distances between the n+1 character surfaces and the same vision detection line are different, there is no visual obstruction between the tester at each vision detection line and the sight marks on all the character surfaces, and the visual size of the sight marks on the n+1 character surfaces from near to far decreases gradually for the tester.

[0011] In the above technical solution, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the character surface is a real surface or a virtual plane.

[0013] In the above technical solution, when a plurality of optotypes are formed on each character surface, the plurality of optotypes are located in the same row or in different rows.

[0014] In the above technical solution, M is an integer greater than 1.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the M vision detection lines are parallel to each other.

[0016] In the above technical solution, taking the direction toward the vision detection line as the front, it satisfies: y j is the distance between the top of the sight mark on the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, H 人 H is the tester's eye height, j-1 is the vertical length of the visual mark on the previous character surface of the jth character surface, y j-1 is the distance between the top of the sight mark on the previous character surface of the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the jth character surface on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line, x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface before the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the aforementioned same vision detection line.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the surface is a plane or an inclined plane.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is less than 90°.

[0019] The method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart includes: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines. If all the sight marks can be observed clearly, the tester moves to another vision detection line in the direction away from the character surface until the tester observes that the sight marks on at least one character surface are blurred. The vision detection line is used as a fixed line, and the vision test result - vision V - is obtained according to the character surface where the sight marks observed by the tester standing on the fixed line are clear and farthest from the tester. Then the vision Among them, x i H is the distance between the fixed line and the line formed by the projection of the character surface of the sight mark that is farthest from the tester and the fixed line when the tester stands on the fixed line. s It is the vertical length of the sight mark 1 that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

[0020] The spatial vision chart of the present invention can be set up in a large indoor space or an outdoor open space, such as a sports field, a square or a park green space. It can perform multi-distance and dynamically adjusted vision assessments in the space, simulate the visual needs in real scenes, and realize vision testing of the visual performance of a three-dimensional spatial environment by allowing people to move back and forth to view the spatial vision chart. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart.

[0025] Among them, 1 is the sight mark, 2 is the surface, 3 is the vision detection line, and 4 is the character surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The spatial vision chart of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a spatial vision chart includes: n+1 character surfaces 4, the n+1 character surfaces 4 stand on a surface 2 and are perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces are parallel to each other, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the character surface 4 can be a real surface or a non-existent virtual plane, each character surface is provided with at least one sight mark 1 (for example, an "E" sight mark), when multiple sight marks are formed on each character surface, the multiple sight marks can be located in the same row (for example, Figure 3 ) or different rows (such as Figure 4 As shown), all the visual marks on the character surface have the same length in the vertical direction, M vision detection lines 3 parallel to the character surface are formed on the surface 2, M is an integer greater than 1, the M vision detection lines are parallel to each other, the n+1 character surfaces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines 3 and the visual marks 1 face the M vision detection lines 3, the n+1 character surfaces are at different distances from the same vision detection line 3, there is no line of sight obstruction between the tester at each vision detection line 3 and the visual marks 1 on all the character surfaces, and the visual size of the visual marks on the n+1 character surfaces from near to far decreases gradually for the tester.

[0029] The method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart includes: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines 3. If all the sight marks 1 can be observed clearly, the tester moves to another vision detection line 3 in the direction away from the character surface until the tester observes that the sight marks 1 on at least one character surface are blurred. The vision detection line 3 (the vision detection line 3 where the tester is located at this time) is used as a fixed line, and the vision test result - vision V (expressed in a decimal system) is obtained according to the character surface where the sight mark that is clear and farthest from the tester is observed by the tester standing on the fixed line. Then the vision is Among them, x i H is the distance between the fixed line and the line formed by the projection of the character surface of the sight mark that is farthest from the tester and the fixed line when the tester stands on the fixed line. s It is the vertical length of the sight mark 1 that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Based on the embodiment 1, the surface 2 can be a plane or an inclined surface. Figure 2 As shown, the surface is an inclined plane inclined to the horizontal plane (for example, a slightly inclined hillside), the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is less than 90°, and the character surface 4 is directly fixed on the surface 2 or fixed on the surface 2 through a supporting structure such as a supporting frame.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the surface 2 is a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and the character surface 4 is directly fixed on the surface 2 or fixed on the surface 2 through a supporting structure such as a supporting frame.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] On the basis of Example 2, in order to ensure that the tester has no visual obstruction between each vision detection line 3 and the sight marks 1 on all character surfaces, the sight marks 1 on the character surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner. Figure 3 shown.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] Based on Example 2, the distance between the top of the sight mark 1 and the horizontal plane on the n+1 character surfaces from near to far from the same vision detection line 3 is y 0 ,y 1 ..., y n , the distance between the line formed by the projection of n+1 character surfaces from near to far on the same vision detection line 3 and the vision detection line 3 is x 0 、x 1 ……、x n+1 .

[0037] Taking the direction toward the vision detection line 3 as the front, in order for the front sight mark 1 not to block the rear sight mark 1, the following conditions are satisfied: y j is the distance between the top of sight mark 1 on the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, H 人 The eye level of the tester (eye level: the distance from the tester's eyes to the horizontal plane, the average adult's H 人 1.5m, children's H 人 0.5m), H j-1 is the vertical length of the visual mark 1 on the previous character surface of the jth character surface, y j-1 is the distance between the top of sight mark 1 on the previous character surface of the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the jth character surface on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line 3, x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface before the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the aforementioned same vision detection line 3.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] On the basis of Example 4, when the H of all sight marks 1 s When both are 0.072m, Different x i The measured visual acuity is shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] The present invention is described above by way of example. It should be noted that, without departing from the core of the present invention, any simple deformation, modification or other equivalent replacement that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive effort falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing vision based on a spatial vision chart, characterized in that: The spatial vision chart comprises: n+1 character surfaces (4), the n+1 character surfaces (4) standing on a surface (2) and perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces (4) being parallel to each other, each character surface (4) being provided with at least one sight mark (1), when a plurality of sight marks (1) are formed on each character surface (4), all sight marks (1) on the character surface (4) have the same length in the vertical direction, and M sight marks parallel to the character surface (4) are formed on the surface (2). The n+1 character surfaces (4) are located on one side of the M vision detection lines (3) and the sight mark (1) faces the M vision detection lines (3). The n+1 character surfaces (4) are at different distances from the same vision detection line (3). There is no visual obstruction between the tester at each vision detection line (3) and the sight marks (1) on all the character surfaces (4). The visual size of the sight marks (1) on the n+1 character surfaces (4) from near to far decreases gradually. The method comprises: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines (3), and if all the sight marks (1) can be clearly observed, then moves to another vision detection line (3) in a direction away from the character surface (4), until the tester observes that the sight marks (1) on at least one character surface (4) are blurred, and the vision detection line (3) is used as a fixed line to obtain the vision detection result: vision Among them, x i H is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface (4) on the horizontal plane where the sight mark (1) is located, which is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line, and the fixed line, s It is the vertical length of the sight mark (1) that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The character surface (4) is a real surface (2) or a virtual plane.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a plurality of sight marks (1) are formed on each character surface (4), the plurality of sight marks (1) are located in the same row or in different rows.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that M is an integer greater than 1.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The M vision detection lines (3) are parallel to each other.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Taking the direction toward the vision detection line (3) as the front, it satisfies: yj is the distance between the top of the sight mark (1) on the jth character surface (4) and the horizontal plane, H 人 H is the tester's eye height, j-1 is the vertical length of the sight mark (1) on the previous character surface (4) of the jth character surface (4), y j-1 is the distance between the top of the sight mark (1) on the previous character surface (4) of the jth character surface (4) and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the jth character surface (4) on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line (3), x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface (4) preceding the j-th character surface (4) on the horizontal plane and the aforementioned same vision detection line (3).

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface (2) is a plane or an inclined surface.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is less than 90°.

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