Method for testing vision based on spatial vision chart

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for testing vision based on a spatial vision chart. The spatial vision chart includes: n+1 character surfaces, the n+1 character surfaces standing upright on a surface and perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces being parallel to each other, at least one optotype being provided on each character surface, and when multiple optotypes are formed on each character surface, all optotypes on the character surface have the same vertical length, M vision detection lines parallel to the character surfaces are formed on the surface, the n+1 character surfaces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines, and optotype 1 faces the M vision detection lines, the n+1 character surfaces are at different distances from the same vision detection line, and the tester has no visual obstruction between each vision detection line and the optotypes on all character surfaces, and the tester's visual size of the optotypes on the n+1 character surfaces gradually decreases from near to far. By moving a person forward and backward to view the spatial vision chart, a vision test of the visual representation of a three-dimensional spatial environment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vision detection, and in particular relates to a spatial vision chart and a method for testing vision based on the same. Background Art

[0002] An eye chart is an instrument used to measure visual acuity (visual acuity refers to the eye's ability to distinguish fine details between two objects). To accurately measure visual acuity, existing eye charts are designed to accurately reflect an individual's visual acuity at a specific distance, often referred to as static, flat indoor eye charts. The symbols on the eye chart (hereafter referred to as optotypes) are designed with standardized, specific proportions. The design of the optotypes takes into account the visual acuity required to correctly identify these optotypes at a specific distance. For example, the "E chart" (standard logarithmic eye chart), the most commonly used chart in my country, has each character of equal vertical length and width, while the width of each line is one-fifth of the overall length of the character. The letter "E" is designed to appear in different orientations (up, down, left, and right), and the observer is required to indicate the direction of the opening of the letter "E" from a fixed distance (e.g., 3 meters, 5 meters, etc.). There are also various other charts, such as the Snellen chart (alphabet chart) and the Landolt circular eye chart (C chart).

[0003] However, the existing indoor static flat eye chart has the following problems during use:

[0004] 1. Not suitable for large outdoor spaces.

[0005] 2. Vision can only be tested at a fixed distance.

[0006] 3. All sight marks are located on the same plane. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a spatial vision chart that can be used to perform vision tests in space.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0010] A spatial vision chart comprises: n+1 character surfaces, wherein the n+1 character surfaces stand upright on a surface and are perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces are parallel to each other, at least one optotype is provided on each character surface, when multiple optotypes are formed on each character surface, all optotypes on the character surface have the same length in the vertical direction, M vision detection lines parallel to the character surfaces are formed on the surface, the n+1 character surfaces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines and optotype 1 faces the M vision detection lines, the n+1 character surfaces are at different distances from the same vision detection line, there is no visual obstruction between a tester at each vision detection line and the optotypes on all character surfaces, and the tester's visual size of the optotypes on the n+1 character surfaces gradually decreases from near to far.

[0011] In the above technical solution, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the character surface is a real surface or a virtual plane.

[0013] In the above technical solution, when a plurality of optotypes are formed on each character surface, the plurality of optotypes are located in the same row or in different rows.

[0014] In the above technical solution, M is an integer greater than 1.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the M vision detection lines are parallel to each other.

[0016] In the above technical solution, taking the direction toward the vision detection line as the front, it satisfies: y j is the distance between the top of the sight mark on the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, H 人 H is the tester's eye level. j-1 is the vertical length of the sight mark on the previous character surface of the j-th character surface, y j-1 is the distance between the top of the sight mark on the previous character surface of the j-th character surface and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line, x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface before the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the aforementioned same vision detection line.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the surface is a plane or an inclined plane.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is less than 90°.

[0019] The method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart includes: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines. If all the sight marks can be observed clearly, the tester moves to another vision detection line in the direction away from the character surface until the tester observes that the sight marks on at least one character surface are blurred. The vision detection line is used as a fixed line, and the vision test result - vision V - is obtained based on the character surface where the sight mark is observed clearly and farthest from the tester when standing on the fixed line. Then the vision is Among them, x i H is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface of the sight mark farthest from the tester on the horizontal plane and the fixed line when the tester stands on the fixed line. s It is the vertical length of the sight mark 1 that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

[0020] The spatial vision chart of the present invention can be set up in a large indoor space or an outdoor open space, such as a sports field, a square or a park green space. It can perform multi-distance and dynamically adjusted vision assessments in the space, simulate the visual needs in real scenes, and realize a vision test of the visual performance of a three-dimensional spatial environment by moving people back and forth to view the spatial vision chart. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial vision chart.

[0025] Among them, 1 is the sight mark, 2 is the surface, 3 is the vision detection line, and 4 is the character surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The spatial vision chart of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a spatial vision chart includes: n+1 character surfaces 4, the n+1 character surfaces 4 standing on a surface 2 and perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces are parallel to each other, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the character surface 4 can be a real surface or a non-existent virtual plane, each character surface is provided with at least one optotype 1 (for example, an "E" optotype), when multiple optotypes are formed on each character surface, the multiple optotypes can be located in the same row (for example, Figure 3 ) or different lines (such as Figure 4 As shown), all visual marks on the character surface have the same length in the vertical direction, and M vision detection lines 3 parallel to the character surface are formed on the surface 2, M is an integer greater than 1, the M vision detection lines are parallel to each other, the n+1 character surfaces are located on one side of the M vision detection lines 3 and the visual marks 1 face the M vision detection lines 3, the n+1 character surfaces are at different distances from the same vision detection line 3, there is no visual obstruction between the tester at each vision detection line 3 and the visual marks 1 on all the character surfaces, and the tester's visual size of the visual marks on the n+1 character surfaces from near to far gradually decreases.

[0029] The method for testing vision based on the above-mentioned spatial vision chart includes: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines 3. If all the sight marks 1 can be observed clearly, the tester moves to another vision detection line 3 in the direction away from the character surface until the tester observes that the sight marks 1 on at least one character surface are blurred. The vision detection line 3 (the vision detection line 3 where the tester is at this time) is used as a fixed line, and the vision test result - vision V (expressed in decimal system) is obtained according to the character surface where the sight mark farthest from the tester is located and clearly observed by the tester standing on the fixed line. Then the vision is Among them, x i H is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface of the sight mark farthest from the tester on the horizontal plane and the fixed line when the tester stands on the fixed line. s It is the vertical length of the sight mark 1 that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Based on Example 1, the surface 2 can be a plane or an inclined surface. Figure 2 As shown, the surface is an inclined surface inclined to the horizontal plane (for example, a slightly inclined hillside), and the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is less than 90°. The character surface 4 is directly fixed on the surface 2 or fixed on the surface 2 through a supporting structure such as a support frame.

[0032] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the surface 2 is a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and the character surface 4 is directly fixed on the surface 2 or fixed on the surface 2 through a supporting structure such as a supporting frame.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] On the basis of Example 2, in order to ensure that the tester has no visual obstruction between each vision detection line 3 and the sight marks 1 on all character surfaces, the sight marks 1 on the character surfaces are staggered. Figure 3 shown.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] On the basis of Example 2, the distances between the top of the sight mark 1 and the horizontal plane on the n+1 character surfaces from near to far from the same vision detection line 3 are y0, y1, ..., y n The distances between the lines formed by the projections of n+1 character surfaces from near to far on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line 3 are x0, x1..., x n+1 .

[0037] Taking the direction toward the vision detection line 3 as the front, in order for the front sight mark 1 to not block the rear sight mark 1, the following conditions must be met: y j is the distance between the top of the sight mark 1 on the jth character surface and the horizontal plane, H 人 The eye level of the tester (eye level: the distance from the tester's eyes to the horizontal plane, the average adult's H 人 1.5m, children's H 人 0.5m), H j-1 is the vertical length of the sight mark 1 on the previous character surface of the j-th character surface, y j-1 is the distance between the top of the sight mark 1 on the previous character surface of the j-th character surface and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line 3, x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface before the j-th character surface on the horizontal plane and the aforementioned same vision detection line 3.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] On the basis of Example 4, when the H of all sight marks 1 s When both are 0.072m, Different x i The measured visual acuity is shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention. It should be noted that, without departing from the core of the present invention, any simple deformation, modification or other equivalent replacement that can be made by other skilled in the art without expending creative labor falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing vision based on a spatial vision chart, characterized in that: The spatial vision chart comprises: n+1 character surfaces (4), the n+1 character surfaces (4) standing on a surface (2) and perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the n+1 character surfaces (4) being parallel to each other, each character surface (4) being provided with at least one sight mark (1), when a plurality of sight marks (1) are formed on each character surface (4), all sight marks (1) on the character surface (4) have the same length in the vertical direction, and M sight marks parallel to the character surface (4) are formed on the surface (2). The n+1 character surfaces (4) are located on one side of the M vision detection lines (3) and the sight mark (1) faces the M vision detection lines (3). The n+1 character surfaces (4) are at different distances from the same vision detection line (3). The tester has no visual obstruction between each vision detection line (3) and the sight marks (1) on all the character surfaces (4). The tester's visual size of the sight marks (1) on the n+1 character surfaces (4) from near to far gradually decreases. The method comprises: the tester first stands on one of the vision detection lines (3); if all the sight marks (1) can be observed clearly, the tester moves to another vision detection line (3) in a direction away from the character surface (4), until the tester observes that the sight mark (1) on at least one character surface (4) is blurred, and the vision detection line (3) is used as a fixed line to obtain the vision test result: vision Among them, x i H is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface (4) on the horizontal plane where the sight mark (1) is located, which is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line, and the fixed line, s It is the vertical length of the sight mark (1) that is clear and farthest from the tester when the tester stands on the fixed line.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The character surface (4) is a real surface (2) or a virtual plane.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein When a plurality of optotypes (1) are formed on each character surface (4), the plurality of optotypes (1) are located in the same row or in different rows.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein M is an integer greater than 1.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The M vision detection lines (3) are parallel to each other.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Taking the direction toward the vision detection line (3) as the front, it satisfies: yj is the distance between the top of the sight mark (1) on the jth character surface (4) and the horizontal plane, H 人 H is the tester's eye level. j-1 is the vertical length of the sight mark (1) on the character surface (4) before the j-th character surface (4), y j-1 is the distance between the top of the sight mark (1) on the previous character surface (4) of the jth character surface (4) and the horizontal plane, x j is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the j-th character surface (4) on the horizontal plane and the vision detection line (3), x j-1 It is the distance between the line formed by the projection of the character surface (4) preceding the j-th character surface (4) on the horizontal plane and the same vision detection line (3).

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface (2) is a plane or an inclined surface.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is less than 90°.

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