Wave energy conversion type twin semi-circular breakwaters and conversion method under various wave conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wave energy conversion type double semi-circular breakwater and a conversion method under various wave conditions, which includes a first semi-circular breakwater and a second semi-circular breakwater that overlap front and back, and a partition is arranged to extend downward at the overlapping part, and a transducer module is arranged upward at the overlapping part; the transducer module is communicated with the front air chamber; the first semi-circular breakwater and the partition enclose the front air chamber, and the partition and the second semi-circular breakwater enclose the rear air chamber; a narrow opening is arranged on the partition, and the front air chamber and the rear air chamber are communicated through the narrow opening; a water inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the front air chamber; a conduit that is integrally connected is arranged on the inner wall of the front air chamber, the partition and the inner wall of the rear air chamber, and one end of the conduit is communicated with a multi-row of small-diameter air holes arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the front air chamber. The present application realizes the utilization of energy of small waves and the dissipation of the mechanical energy of water bodies during large waves, and reduces the overtopping frequency at the crest of the breakwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the cross - field of wave prevention and dissipation and wave energy generation, and particularly relates to a wave energy conversion - type twin semi - circular breakwater and a conversion method under various wave conditions. Background Art

[0002] To solve the problem of wave prevention in the port area, traditionally, a sloping breakwater or a caisson vertical breakwater is built to provide shelter for the port. When the bottom bed in the port area is a soft soil or soft environment such as coral sand, the semi - circular breakwater (hereinafter referred to as semi - circular breakwater) shows application advantages due to its good anti - overturning and sliding capabilities, lighter breakwater weight and better cross - section economy. However, the cross - section characteristics of the semi - circular breakwater limit its protection against large waves. The large - wave water body is likely to climb up along the breakwater surface and splash behind the breakwater, and the secondary waves formed have an impact on the mooring stability in the port. In addition, since the semi - circular breakwater is usually far from the shore and the breakwater top is not suitable for vehicle and personnel passage, it is difficult to supply power for lighting or monitoring equipment arranged on and near the semi - circular breakwater.

[0003] Currently, the domestic semi - circular breakwaters are mainly applied in the Tianjin Port area (see Figure 1 ), and near the Yangtze River Estuary waterway. According to the research results of "Joint Analysis of Wave Height and Period in the Bohai Sea and the Northern Yellow Sea" (see Figure 2 ), and other literature, the main characteristics of the wave height and period of the waves in the Bohai Sea are as follows: there is an obvious linear correlation between wave height and period, and the waves with a wave height of 0.0 - 1.0 m and a spectral peak period of 2.0 - 5.0 s have the highest frequency, and there is also a certain probability of occurrence of extreme wave conditions with a spectral peak period of 6.0 - 8.0 s and a wave height of 2.0 - 3.0 m. Therefore, how to utilize the wave period characteristics to achieve the conversion of wave energy - electrical energy while preventing waves and strengthening the breakwater is a problem that needs to be solved key in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave energy conversion - type twin semi - circular breakwater and a conversion method under various wave conditions, and solve the problems of poor wave dissipation performance and power supply difficulty on soft ground through two ways of wave energy conversion and wave energy dissipation of natural waves.

[0005] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, a wave energy conversion - type twin semi - circular breakwater provided by the present invention is arranged on a foundation bed; the twin semi - circular breakwater includes: a first semi - circular breakwater and a second semi - circular breakwater that overlap front and back, a partition is arranged to extend downward at the overlapping part, and a conversion module is arranged upward at the overlapping part; the conversion module is communicated with a front air chamber;

[0006] The first semi-circular breakwater and the partition enclose to form a front air chamber, and the partition and the second semi-circular breakwater enclose to form a rear air chamber; a slit is provided on the partition, and the front air chamber and the rear air chamber are communicated through the slit; a water inlet is provided on the outer wall of the front air chamber for waves to propagate into the air chamber; a conduit that is integrally connected is arranged on the inner wall of the front air chamber, the partition and the inner wall of the rear air chamber, and one end of the conduit is communicated with a plurality of rows of small-diameter air holes arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the front air chamber.

[0007] Further preferably, the natural vibration period of the front air chamber is consistent with the designed small wave period, and the natural vibration period of the rear air chamber is consistent with the designed large wave period.

[0008] Further preferably, front toes and rear toes are respectively arranged at the front and rear toe positions of the twin semi-circular breakwaters, and the front toes and rear toes are used to increase the stability of the structure.

[0009] Further preferably, a one-way air inlet valve is provided on the rear wall of the rear air chamber, and the one-way air inlet valve is used to introduce ambient air into the air chamber.

[0010] Further preferably, the energy conversion module includes a protective shell, an air turbine, and a power transmission line. The protective shell is arranged at the overlapping part of the first semi-circular breakwater and the second semi-circular breakwater. The air turbine is arranged in the protective shell. A through hole is arranged at the connection between the first semi-circular breakwater and the protective shell, and the air turbine is communicated with the front air chamber through the through hole.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for converting wave energy of a twin semi-circular breakwater under various wave conditions, using the above-mentioned twin semi-circular breakwater for wave energy conversion;

[0012] When the incident wave is a small wave, the small wave enters the front air chamber through the water inlet, oscillates in the front air chamber, drives the air flow in and out of the front air chamber, and the energy conversion module captures the oscillating air flow in the front air chamber, and converts the mechanical energy of the air flow oscillation into the work of the air turbine to generate electricity;

[0013] When the incident wave is a large wave, after a part of the fluctuating water body enters the front air chamber through the water inlet, it crosses the partition from the slit and enters the rear air chamber, causing water body oscillation in both the front air chamber and the rear air chamber. When the surge occurs and the water surface rises, the air in the rear air chamber is squeezed into the conduit, transmitted through the conduit to the array holes on the front wall of the front air chamber, forming a bubble air curtain. When the water surface drops, the one-way air inlet valve on the rear wall of the rear air chamber introduces ambient air into the air chamber. Another part of the fluctuating water body climbs along the outer wall of the first semi-circular breakwater, and is affected by the bubble air curtain during the climbing process, dissipating part of the kinetic energy. Subsequently, the water body contacts the front wall of the second semi-circular breakwater and dissipates part of the kinetic energy again.

[0014] The wave energy conversion type twin semi-circular breakwater and energy conversion method disclosed in this application divide two semi-circular breakwaters into two oscillating air chambers with a smaller front part and a larger rear part and connected at the bottom by a partition. The natural oscillation period of the former matches that of small-period waves, and when oscillating, it converts wave energy into electrical energy. The natural oscillation period of the latter matches that of large-period waves, and when oscillating, it converts wave energy into the mechanical energy of bubbles that prevent the propagation of incident waves in front of the breakwater. On the other hand, the "m"-shaped structure contour with a smaller front part and a larger rear part can dissipate the mechanical energy of water bodies during large waves, reducing the overtopping frequency at the crest of the breakwater. In addition, this semi-circular twin breakwater can ensure that the acting direction of wave pressure under any working condition passes through the center of the circle, without generating an overturning moment on the breakwater body. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wave energy conversion type twin semi-circular breakwater provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a midline sectional view of the twin semi-circular breakwater provided by the present invention.

[0017] In the figure:

[0018] 1. Front toe; 2. Water inlet; 3. Front air chamber; 4. First semi-circular breakwater; 5. Second semi-circular breakwater; 6. Energy conversion module; 7. Partition; 8. Narrow opening; 9. Rear air chamber; 10. Intake valve; 11. Rear toe; 12. Foundation bed; 13. Duct; 14. Power transmission line. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following further elaborates on the present invention through the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, for the wave energy conversion type twin semi-circular breakwater provided by an embodiment of the present invention on the one hand, the twin semi-circular breakwater is arranged on the foundation bed 12; the twin semi-circular breakwater includes: the first semi-circular breakwater 4 and the second semi-circular breakwater 5 that overlap front and rear, and a partition is provided to extend downward at the overlapping part, and an energy conversion module 6 is provided upward at the overlapping part; the energy conversion module 6 is communicated with the front air chamber 3; during construction, enclosures are provided on both sides of the twin semi-circular breakwater.

[0021] The first semi-circular breakwater 4 and the partition 7 enclose to form the front air chamber 3, and the partition 7 and the second semi-circular breakwater 5 enclose to form the rear air chamber 9; a narrow opening 8 is provided on the partition 7, and the front air chamber 3 and the rear air chamber 9 are communicated through the narrow opening 8; a water inlet 2 is provided on the outer wall of the front air chamber 3 for waves to propagate into the air chamber; a duct 13 that is integrally connected is arranged on the inner walls of the front air chamber, the partition, and the rear air chamber, and one end of the duct 13 is communicated with multiple rows of small-diameter air holes provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the front air chamber 3.

[0022] The natural oscillation period of the front air chamber is consistent with the designed small wave period, and the natural oscillation period of the rear air chamber is consistent with the designed large wave period. The natural oscillation period of a wave is the time required for a single wave to complete one vibration, which can be calculated based on the wavelength and wave speed.

[0023] To enhance the stability of the twin semi-circular breakwaters, a front toe 1 and a rear toe 11 are respectively provided at the front and rear toe of the breakwater.

[0024] A one-way intake valve 10 is provided on the rear wall of the rear air chamber 9, and the one-way intake valve 10 is used to introduce ambient air into the air chamber.

[0025] The transducer module includes a protective shell, an air turbine, and a power transmission line 14. The protective shell is arranged at the overlapping part of the first semi-circular breakwater 4 and the second semi-circular breakwater 5. The air turbine is arranged inside the protective shell. A through hole is provided at the connection between the first semi-circular breakwater 4 and the protective shell, and the air turbine is communicated with the front air chamber through the through hole.

[0026] When the incident wave is a small wave, the small wave enters the front air chamber through the water inlet and oscillates in the front air chamber, driving the air in the front air chamber to flow in and out. The transducer module captures the oscillating air flow in the front air chamber and converts the mechanical energy of the air flow oscillation into electrical energy for the air turbine to do work and generate electricity. Therefore, a power transmission line 14 is also provided below the transducer module to transmit the converted electrical energy to the power consumption end.

[0027] When the incident wave is a large wave, a part of the fluctuating water body enters the front air chamber through the water inlet and then crosses the partition through the narrow hole into the rear air chamber, causing water body oscillation in both the front air chamber and the rear air chamber. During the surge, the water surface rises, and the air in the rear air chamber is squeezed into the conduit. It should be noted that the height of the conduit is recorded according to the hydrological data, and the height of the average water level is set as the height of the conduit outlet. When the height of the wave water body is higher than the average water level, the gas in the rear air chamber is oscillated and transmitted through the conduit to the array holes on the front wall of the front air chamber, forming a bubble air curtain. When the water surface drops, the one-way intake valve on the rear wall of the rear air chamber introduces ambient air into the air chamber. Another part of the fluctuating water body climbs along the outer wall of the first semi-circular breakwater and dissipates part of its kinetic energy under the action of the bubble air curtain during the climbing process. Subsequently, the water body contacts the front wall of the second semi-circular breakwater and dissipates part of its kinetic energy again.

[0028] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave energy conversion twin semicircular dike, characterized in that: The twin semicircular dikes are arranged on a base bed; the twin semicircular dikes include: a first semicircular breakwater and a second semicircular breakwater overlapping front and rear, and a partition is arranged downwardly at the overlapping part, and a transducer module is arranged upwardly at the overlapping part; the transducer module is communicated with the front air chamber; The two semicircular breakwaters are divided into two oscillating air chambers with a smaller front and a larger rear and connected at the bottom by a partition; the first semicircular breakwater and the partition form a front air chamber, and the partition and the second semicircular breakwater form a rear air chamber; a narrow opening is provided on the partition, and the front air chamber and the rear air chamber are connected through the narrow opening; a water inlet is provided on the outer wall of the front air chamber for the propagation of waves into the air chamber; an integrally connected conduit is arranged on the inner wall of the front air chamber, the partition and the inner wall of the rear air chamber, and one end of the conduit is connected to a plurality of rows of small-diameter air holes arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the front air chamber; The self-oscillation period of the front air chamber is consistent with the designed small wave period, and the self-oscillation period of the rear air chamber is consistent with the designed large wave period.

2. The wave energy conversion twin semicircular dike according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front and rear toes of the twin semicircular dikes are respectively provided with front toes and rear toes at the front and rear footings of the dikes, and the front toes and rear toes are used to increase the stability of the structure.

3. The wave energy conversion twin semicircular dike according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way air intake valve is arranged on the rear wall of the rear air chamber, and the one-way air intake valve is used to introduce ambient air into the air chamber.

4. The wave energy conversion twin semicircular dike according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy conversion module includes a protective shell, an air turbine, and a power transmission line. The protective shell is arranged at the intersection of a first semicircular breakwater and a second semicircular breakwater. The air turbine is arranged in the protective shell. A through hole is arranged at the connection between the first semicircular breakwater and the protective shell. The air turbine is connected to the front air chamber through the through hole.

5. A wave energy conversion method for multiple wave conditions, characterized in that: Using the twin semicircular dikes described in any one of claims 1 to 4 to convert wave energy; When the incident wave is a small wave, the small wave enters the front air chamber through the water inlet, oscillates in the front air chamber, and drives the air in the front air chamber to flow in and out. The energy conversion module captures the oscillating airflow in the front air chamber and converts the mechanical energy of the airflow oscillation into air turbine work to generate electricity; When the incident wave is a large wave, a part of the fluctuating water enters the front air chamber through the water inlet, and then passes through the narrow hole over the baffle into the rear air chamber, causing water oscillation in both the front and rear air chambers. During surges, the water level rises, and the air in the rear air chamber is squeezed into the duct, and is transmitted to the array holes on the front wall of the front air chamber through the duct to form a bubble air curtain. When the water level drops, the one-way air inlet valve on the rear wall of the rear air chamber introduces ambient air into the air chamber. Another part of the fluctuating water climbs along the outer wall of the first semicircular breakwater, and is affected by the bubble air curtain during the climbing process, dissipating part of the kinetic energy. Then the water body contacts the front wall of the second semicircular breakwater, dissipating part of the kinetic energy again.

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