Underground monitoring system, method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground monitoring system, method and device, and the system comprises an underground signal receiving and transmitting device disposed on a tubular column, a ground signal receiving and transmitting device disposed on the ground of a wellhead, and a plurality of signal relay devices disposed on a sleeve. The plurality of signal relay devices are arranged between the underground signal receiving and transmitting device and the ground signal receiving device and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the casing pipe, and every two adjacent devices are connected through wireless communication. The signal relay devices are arranged on the casing pipe, signals transmitted inside and outside the casing pipe can be communicated, signals transmitted by the underground signal transceiver in the casing pipe can be transmitted out of the casing pipe, and the situation that the signals are shielded by the casing pipe and cannot be transmitted in a relay mode through the signal relay devices is avoided. Besides, a plurality of signal relay devices are arranged on the casing pipe, real-time and long-distance transmission of underground data acquisition can be achieved, underground conditions can be mastered in real time, and underground devices can be controlled or adjusted timely and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of downhole monitoring technology, and in particular to a downhole monitoring system, method and device. Background Art

[0002] The efficient exploration and development of shale oil and gas requires real-time monitoring of relevant data, real-time data analysis, and real-time decision-making and optimization during the oil and gas production process. At present, there are three main ways to obtain downhole data: the first is to use wireless measurement while drilling (MWD) or electromagnetic wave wireless measurement while drilling (EMWD) to obtain wellbore trajectory parameters in real time, and use downhole signal transmitters to generate mud pressure waves or electromagnetic waves while drilling to transmit data. The second is storage data acquisition, in which the collected data is stored in the data acquisition device, and it is pulled out of the well with the pipe string, and the data is played back on the ground for reading. The third is cable data acquisition, which uses a cable to connect the data acquisition device into the well, and transmits the collected data to the ground through the cable for reading.

[0003] However, the above method has the following problems:

[0004] (1) The current MWD mud pulse transmission rate is low, about 0.5-1 bit / s. When the EMWD transmitter transmits electromagnetic wave signals, a repeater is used for signal transmission. Since the repeater is installed on the pipe string and there is casing in the upper well section, the repeater is likely to follow the pipe string and be located in the upper casing. Its electromagnetic wave signal is easily blocked by the frequency, resulting in the inability to receive and relay transmission, which ultimately leads to a short transmission distance and poor practicality of the EMWD.

[0005] (2) After acquiring data, the storage-based data acquisition requires the pipe to be pulled out, which takes a long time and cannot be used to acquire downhole data.

[0006] (3) Cable data collection is difficult and time-consuming, making it impossible to collect downhole data.

[0007] It can be seen that the current downhole data collection method has a short transmission distance and poor real-time performance. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a downhole monitoring system, method and device to solve the problems of poor real-time performance and short transmission distance of downhole data collection.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of this specification provides a downhole monitoring system, including:

[0010] A downhole signal transceiver device arranged on the pipe string, a surface signal transceiver device arranged on the wellhead surface, and a plurality of signal relay devices arranged on the casing, wherein the plurality of signal relay devices are arranged between the downhole signal transceiver device and the surface signal receiving device, and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the casing, and two adjacent devices are connected via wireless communication;

[0011] The downhole signal transceiver device is used to monitor the environmental data inside and outside the pipe string, and send the collected environmental data as a downhole environmental signal to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device, or to receive a signal sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0012] The signal relay device is used to receive a signal sent by a previous signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and send the received signal to a next signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and the signal transmission link includes a first signal transmission direction from the downhole signal transceiver device to the surface signal transceiver device, or a second signal transmission direction from the surface signal transceiver device to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0013] The ground signal transceiver device is used to receive signals sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, or to send command signals to a signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, wherein the command signal includes signals used to control the downhole signal transceiver device and / or the signal relay device to work.

[0014] In some embodiments, the signal relay device is installed on the bushing through an insulating short section, and the upper bushing and the lower bushing of the insulating short section serve as antennas of the signal relay device to send or receive signals.

[0015] In some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver device is installed on the pipe string through an insulating short joint, and the upper pipe string and the lower pipe string of the insulating short joint serve as antennas of the downhole signal transceiver device to send or receive signals.

[0016] In some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver device includes a signal transmitting unit, a signal receiving unit, and an environment monitoring unit;

[0017] The signal transmitting unit is used to send a downhole environment signal to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0018] The signal receiving unit is used to receive a signal sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0019] The environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the environment data inside and outside the pipe string, and transmit the monitored environment data to the signal transmitting unit to generate and send out a downhole environment signal.

[0020] In some embodiments, the signal relay device can also be used to monitor environmental data inside and outside the casing of the casing area where the signal relay device is located, and convert the monitored environmental data into a casing environmental signal and send it to the next-level device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the first signal transmission direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the casing environment signal includes location information of a signal relay device, which is used to distinguish casing environment signals in different location areas to determine downhole environments at different depths.

[0022] In some embodiments, the signals sent by the downhole signal transceiver device, the signal relay device, and the surface signal transceiver device contain device identification information, and wireless communication connection is achieved between two adjacent devices through the device identification information.

[0023] A second aspect of the present specification provides a downhole monitoring method applied to the downhole monitoring system described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0024] Generate a command signal, and send the command signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the command signal is sequentially transmitted to a downhole signal transceiver device through a plurality of signal relay devices, the downhole signal transceiver device monitors environmental data in response to the command signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0025] Receive a signal sent by an adjacent signal relay device, where the signal sent by the signal relay device is a signal of the downhole environment signal relayed and transmitted via multiple signal relay devices to a signal relay device adjacent to a surface signal transceiver device.

[0026] The third aspect of the present specification provides a downhole monitoring device, which is located in the downhole monitoring system described in the first aspect, and includes:

[0027] The command generation module is used to generate a command signal and send the command signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the command signal is sequentially transmitted to the downhole signal transceiver device through multiple signal relay devices, and the downhole signal transceiver device monitors the environmental data in response to the command signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device;

[0028] The signal receiving module is used to receive the signal sent by the adjacent signal relay device. The signal sent by the signal relay device is the signal of the downhole environment signal relayed and transmitted through multiple signal relay devices to the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device.

[0029] A third aspect of the present specification provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0030] The downhole monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present specification is provided with a downhole signal transceiver device on the pipe string, a ground signal transceiver device on the wellhead surface, and a plurality of signal relay devices on the casing between the downhole signal transceiver device and the ground signal receiving device, and the plurality of signal relay devices are sequentially distributed along the casing from top to bottom. Through wireless communication between two devices, the environmental data inside and outside the pipe string monitored by the downhole signal transceiver device can be transmitted step by step to the ground signal transceiver device through the plurality of signal relay devices; and the command signal sent by the ground signal transceiver device can be transmitted step by step to the downhole signal transceiver device through the plurality of signal relay devices to control the downhole signal transceiver device and / or the signal relay device to work. The present application can communicate the wireless signals transmitted inside and outside the casing by setting a plurality of signal relay devices on the casing, and transmit the signal sent by the downhole signal transceiver device in the casing out of the casing, so as to avoid the signal being shielded by the casing and unable to realize signal relay transmission through the signal relay device. In addition, multiple signal relay devices are installed on the casing, which can realize real-time and long-distance transmission of downhole data collection, so that the downhole situation can be grasped in real time and the downhole equipment can be controlled or adjusted promptly and accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole signal transceiver device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of a signal relay device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system during the drilling phase provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system in the well testing and completion stage provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system in the oil and gas production stage provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring method applied to a downhole monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] As mentioned above, in order to achieve efficient exploration and low-cost development of shale oil and gas, as well as digital transformation to intelligence, it is necessary to implement closed-loop management of real-time monitoring, real-time data automatic collection, real-time analysis and interpretation, and decision-making and optimization in the entire process of oil and gas production, so as to organically unify the oil and gas reservoirs, oil and gas wells, data and other assets in various business fields such as upstream oilfield exploration, development, oil and gas well production management, and engineering and technical services in a value chain, realize data knowledge sharing, production process automation, scientific research work collaboration, system application integration, production command visualization, and scientific analysis and decision-making, improve the timeliness and accuracy of oil and gas field production decisions, and achieve the purpose of saving investment and operating costs. However, the current downhole data has a certain gap in technology compared to the ground transmission. At present, there are three main ways to obtain downhole data: one is to use wireless mud pulse measurement while drilling (MWD) or electromagnetic wave wireless measurement while drilling (EMWD) to obtain wellbore trajectory parameters in real time, and the downhole signal transmitter generates mud pressure waves or electromagnetic waves while drilling to transmit data. The second is storage data acquisition, where the collected data is stored in the data acquisition device, and the data is played back and read on the ground after being pulled out of the well with the pipe string. The third is cable data acquisition, where the data acquisition device is connected to the well with a cable, and the collected data is transmitted to the ground through the cable for reading. However, the above-mentioned underground data acquisition methods have short transmission distances and poor real-time performance.

[0043] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a downhole monitoring system, by setting a downhole signal transceiver device on the tubing, setting a ground signal transceiver device on the wellhead, and setting multiple signal relay devices on the casing of the oil pipe between the downhole signal transceiver device and the ground signal receiving device, and the multiple signal relay devices are distributed in sequence from top to bottom along the casing. Through wireless communication between two devices, the environmental data inside and outside the tubing monitored by the downhole signal transceiver device can be transmitted step by step to the ground signal transceiver device through the multiple signal relay devices; and the command signal issued by the ground signal transceiver device can be transmitted step by step to the downhole signal transceiver device through the multiple signal relay devices, so as to control the downhole signal transceiver device and / or the signal relay device to work.

[0044] The present application arranges multiple signal relay devices on the casing, so as to communicate the wireless signals transmitted inside and outside the casing, and transmit the signals sent by the downhole signal transceiver in the casing out of the casing, so as to avoid the signal being shielded by the casing and unable to realize signal relay transmission through the signal relay device. In addition, by arranging multiple signal relay devices on the casing, it is possible to realize real-time and long-distance transmission of downhole data collection, and then the downhole situation can be grasped in real time, and the downhole equipment can be controlled or adjusted timely and accurately.

[0045] Let's first combine Figure 1, the downhole monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0046] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the system may include:

[0047] A downhole signal transceiver device 102 is arranged on the tubing 101, a ground signal transceiver device 103 is arranged on the wellhead surface, and a plurality of signal relay devices 105 are arranged on the casing 104, wherein the plurality of signal relay devices 105 are arranged between the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and the ground signal receiving device 103, and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the casing 104, and two adjacent devices are wirelessly connected.

[0048] It can be understood that the traditional signal relay device is installed on the oil pipe or drill pipe, and the signal relay device is in the casing. When transmitting the signal, it is necessary to penetrate the iron casing, but the casing will shield the signal relay device, and it is relatively difficult for the signal relay device to receive and transfer the signal. The current signal relay transmission technology is difficult to apply and difficult to promote. In the embodiment of the present application, the signal relay device is installed on the casing 104 body, which can connect the signals inside and outside the casing, and realize better transmission of signals between devices. And because there is no casing frequency closure between the signal relay devices, the use of multiple signal relay devices can realize smoother and faster signal transmission between the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and the ground signal transceiver device 103.

[0049] It can be understood that two adjacent devices are spaced adjacently. That is, in the direction of signal transmission, the downhole signal transceiver device 102, the surface signal transceiver device 103, and the plurality of signal relay devices 105 disposed between the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and the surface signal transceiver device 103 are spaced apart along the casing in the oil and gas well, and the adjacent devices are the two devices with the shortest distance in the space where the oil and gas well is located.

[0050] It can be understood that the wireless communication connection between two adjacent devices can be a wireless signal connection between the underground signal transceiver device 102 and the adjacent signal relay device 105, any two adjacent signal relay devices 105 are connected by wireless signals, and the ground signal transceiver device 103 is connected by wireless signals to the adjacent signal relay device 105. The signals transmitted between the underground signal transceiver device 102, the ground signal transceiver device 103 and the signal relay device 105 can be transmitted by wireless signals, without the need for a specific signal transmission line or transmission through a pipeline, etc., which is more convenient and faster. In addition, due to the wireless communication connection, it can avoid the underground working environment or other conditions from damaging the signal transmission line, thereby affecting the transmission of signals and the rapid, accurate and effective transmission of underground data.

[0051] The downhole signal transceiver device 102 is used to monitor the environmental data inside and outside the oil pipe, and send the collected environmental data as a downhole environmental signal to the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device 102, or to receive the signal sent by the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device 102.

[0052] The signal relay device 105 is used to receive a signal from a previous signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and send the received signal to a next signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and the signal transmission link includes a first signal transmission direction from the downhole signal transceiver device 102 to the surface signal transceiver device 103, or a second signal transmission direction from the surface signal transceiver device 103 to the downhole signal transceiver device 102. It can be understood that the signal transmission in the embodiment of the present application includes a first signal transmission direction of transmitting signals from downhole to the surface, and a second signal transmission direction of transmitting signals from the surface to downhole.

[0053] It can be understood that the arrangement of multiple signal relay devices 105 enables the signal transmitted between the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and the surface signal transceiver device 103 to be transmitted step by step along the casing direction between the multiple signal relay devices 105, that is, the relay transmission of the downhole environment signal along the casing direction can be realized. In addition, since the signal relay device is arranged on the casing 104, the frequency closure caused by the casing can be avoided.

[0054] The ground signal transceiver device 103 is used to receive signals sent by a signal relay device 105 adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device 103, or to send command signals to the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device 103, wherein the command signals include signals used to control the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and / or the signal relay device 105 to work.

[0055] In some embodiments, among the multiple signal relay devices, the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device 102 can also receive signals sent by the downhole signal transceiver device adjacent to it in the first signal transmission direction, for example, the downhole environment signal sent by the downhole signal transceiver device 102 based on the monitored environment data inside and outside the pipe string; among the multiple signal relay devices, the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device 103 can also receive signals sent by the ground signal transceiver device 103 adjacent to it in the second signal transmission direction, for example, the command signal for controlling the signal relay device or the downhole signal transceiver device to work. That is, among the multiple signal relay devices, the signal relay device at the top can receive the command signal sent by the ground signal transceiver device 103, and the signal relay device at the bottom can receive the downhole environment signal sent by the downhole signal transceiver device 102.

[0056] In some embodiments, the signal transmitted between the downhole signal transceiver device 102, the ground signal transceiver device 103 and the signal relay device 105 can be an electromagnetic wave signal, and the downhole signal transceiver device 102, the ground signal transceiver device 103 and the signal relay device 105 can be designed with relevant signal processing circuits that can realize electromagnetic wave signal sending, receiving and signal relaying.

[0057] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole signal transceiver device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver device 102 can be installed on the pipe string 101 through the insulating short joint 201, and the upper pipe string 202 and the lower pipe string 203 of the insulating short joint 201 can serve as antennas of the downhole signal transceiver device 102 to send or receive signals.

[0059] It can be understood that the downhole signal transceiver 102 uses the insulating short joint 201 and the two ends of the pipe string 101 as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna to transmit the downhole environment signal or to receive the command signal sent by the ground signal transceiver 103.

[0060] In some embodiments, the insulating sub 201 and the upper pipe string 202 and the lower pipe string 203 can all serve as antennas of the downhole signal transceiver device 102 to send or receive signals. That is, the pipe string can serve as a part of the antenna of the downhole signal transceiver device 102 .

[0061] Continue to refer Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver device includes a signal transmitting unit, a signal receiving unit, and an environment monitoring unit 204;

[0062] The signal transmitting unit is used to send the downhole environment signal to the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device 102. The signal transmitting unit may include Figure 2 The signal transmitting circuit 205 and the upper tube column 202 and the lower tube column 203 serving as transmitting antennas.

[0063] The signal receiving unit is used to receive the signal sent by the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device 102. Specifically, the signal sent by the signal relay device 105 can be a command signal sent by the surface signal transceiver device. The signal receiving unit may include Figure 2 The signal receiving circuit 206 and the upper tube column 202 and the lower tube column 203 serving as receiving antennas.

[0064] The environment monitoring unit 204 is used to monitor the environment data inside and outside the pipe string 101, and transmit the monitored environment data to the signal transmitting unit to generate and send out a downhole environment signal.

[0065] In some embodiments, the environmental monitoring unit 204 can monitor the environmental data inside and outside the tubing 101 through sensors. The environmental monitoring unit 204 may include two environmental sensor components: both environmental sensor components are installed in the shell of the downhole signal transceiver equipment, the environmental sensor component 2041 is used to monitor the wellbore environmental data around the tubing, and the environmental sensor component 2042 is used to monitor the environmental data of the inner channel of the tubing.

[0066] In some embodiments, the environmental sensing component 2041 and the environmental sensing component 2042 may each include one or more sensors to monitor environmental data such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. inside and outside the pipe string.

[0067] In some embodiments, the ground signal transceiver device 103 may include a ground signal transmitter and a ground signal receiver that are the same as those in the downhole signal transceiver device 102. That is, the ground signal receiver of the ground signal transceiver device 103 may be used to receive downhole environmental signals, store them in a cloud database, or send them to a data processing device through the ground signal transmitter to analyze and process downhole environmental data. In addition, the ground signal receiver of the ground signal transceiver device 103 may also receive a command signal sent by the data processing device to control the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and / or the signal relay device 105, or receive the working parameters of the downhole instrument determined by the data processing device through the analysis of the downhole environmental data, and obtain a command signal for adjusting the downhole instrument based on the determined working parameters, and transmit the received command signal to the downhole through the ground signal transmitter.

[0068] In some embodiments, the ground signal transceiver device 103 may include a ground signal transmitting unit and a ground signal receiving unit that are the same as those in the downhole signal transceiver device 102, and may also include a data processing unit. That is, the ground signal receiving unit of the ground signal transceiver device 103 may be used to receive the downhole environment signal and transmit the downhole environment signal to the data processing unit. The data processing unit may parse the downhole environment data based on the received downhole environment signal, analyze the downhole environment data to determine the working parameters of the downhole instrument, and obtain a command signal for adjusting the downhole instrument based on the determined working parameters, or generate a command signal for controlling the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and / or the signal relay device 105, and transmit the generated command signal to the ground signal transmitting unit of the ground signal transceiver device 103, and the ground signal transmitting unit of the ground signal transceiver device 103 is used to send the command signal to the signal relay device 105 adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device 103.

[0069] In some embodiments, the oil and gas wellbore may include multiple layers of casing, each layer of casing may be installed with a signal relay device, and the installed signal relay device is exposed outside the upper layer of casing. Further, the length of each layer of casing in the multiple layers of casing may increase layer by layer from the outside to the inside, and the length difference of the casing may be determined based on the signal relay device installed on the casing, and one end of the multiple layers of casing with different lengths may be fixed to the ground, and the height distance between the end of the casing away from the ground and the ground increases layer by layer from the outside to the inside.

[0070] In some embodiments, the oil and gas wellbore may include multiple layers of casing, each layer of casing may be installed with multiple repeaters, and the installed repeaters are all exposed outside the upper layer of casing. The multiple signal relay devices installed in the casing may be arranged from top to bottom along the casing, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0071] In some embodiments, the signal relay device 105 can be arranged near the end of the casing away from the ground and exposed outside the upper casing, that is, the signal relay device installed at the next level can not be blocked by the upper casing, and no frequency closure will occur. Figure 1 As shown, the length of the first layer of casing is shorter than that of the second layer of casing. Figure 1 A second signal relay device along the second signal transmission direction) is arranged on the second layer of casing in the wellbore (assuming that the outermost casing is the first layer of casing) and is not blocked by the first layer of casing in the wellbore.

[0072] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of a signal relay device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the signal relay device 105 can be installed on the sleeve 104 through the insulating short section 301, and the upper sleeve 302 and the lower sleeve 303 of the insulating short section can serve as antennas of the signal relay device 105 to send or receive signals.

[0074] It can be understood that the signal relay device 105 can use the insulating short section 301 to use the two ends of the casing 104 where the signal relay device 105 is located as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, and is used to receive the downhole environment signal relayed by the previous level signal relay device in the first signal transmission direction, or the command signal relayed by the previous level signal relay device in the second signal transmission direction through the receiving antenna, and is used to relay the received downhole environment signal or command signal to the next level signal relay device through the transmitting antenna.

[0075] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the casing is used as the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna of the signal relay device 105, and the casing will not have the problem of signal shielding, and signal relay transmission can be achieved between multiple signal relay devices. In addition, compared with the traditional use of insulating short sections and drill pipes as antennas, the signal relay device in the embodiment of the present application can have the following beneficial effects:

[0076] On the one hand, the contact between the drill pipe and the formation is unstable, and the transmission signal is poor. The casing is fixed in the formation, and the contact with the formation is more stable, and the signal stability is better. On the other hand, the upper part of the drill pipe is in the casing. If the signal relay device is installed in the casing, the signal will be shielded and lost, and the signal is weak. In the embodiment of the present application, the signal relay device is installed on the casing, and the casing is used as the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna of the signal relay device, which can reduce the loss in the signal relay transmission process and the signal strength is higher.

[0077] In some embodiments, the insulating short section 301 and the upper sleeve 302 and the lower sleeve 303 can all be used as antennas of the signal relay device 105 to send or receive signals, that is, the sleeve can be used as a part of the antenna of the signal relay device.

[0078] Continue to refer Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the signal relay device 105 may include a signal relay unit 304 and a signal transceiver unit, wherein the signal transceiver unit may include an upper sleeve 302 and a lower sleeve 303 of a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.

[0079] The signal transceiver unit can receive the downhole environment signal relayed by the upper-level signal relay device in the first signal transmission direction, or the command signal relayed by the upper-level signal relay device in the second signal transmission direction through the upper casing 302 and the lower casing 303 serving as receiving antennas, and transmit the received downhole environment signal or command signal to the signal relay unit 304.

[0080] The signal relay unit 304 can receive the downhole environment signal or command signal transmitted by the signal transceiver unit, and copy, adjust and amplify the downhole environment signal or command signal to restore and regenerate the downhole environment signal or command signal, and transmit the adjusted downhole environment signal or command signal to the signal transceiver unit.

[0081] The signal transceiver unit can also receive the downhole environment signal or command signal adjusted by the signal relay unit 304, and can relay the received downhole environment signal or command signal to the next level signal relay device through the upper casing 302 and the lower casing 303 which serve as transmitting antennas.

[0082] In some embodiments, the signal relay device can also be used to monitor environmental data inside and outside the casing of the casing area where the signal relay device is located, and convert the monitored environmental data into a casing environmental signal and send it to the next-level device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the first signal transmission direction.

[0083] Continue to refer Figure 3 As shown, the signal relay device 105 may further include an environment detection unit 305. The environment monitoring unit 305 is used to monitor the environment data inside and outside the casing 103, and transmit the monitored environment data to the signal transceiver unit to generate and send out a casing environment signal.

[0084] In some embodiments, the environmental monitoring unit 305 may include two environmental sensor components: both environmental sensor components are installed in the shell of the signal relay device 105, the environmental sensor component 3051 can be used to monitor the wellbore environmental data around the casing, and the environmental sensor component 3052 can be used to monitor the environmental data of the channel inside the casing.

[0085] In some embodiments, the two environmental sensing components of the environmental monitoring unit 305 may include one or more sensors to monitor environmental data such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. inside and outside the casing 103 through the sensors.

[0086] In some embodiments, the casing environment signal may include location information of a signal relay device, which is used to distinguish casing environment signals in different location areas to determine downhole environments at different depths.

[0087] In some embodiments, the signals sent by the downhole signal transceiver device, the signal relay device, and the surface signal transceiver device contain device identification information, and wireless communication connection is achieved between two adjacent devices through the device identification information.

[0088] Specifically, the signal emitted by each device can be received by the next device by setting a data flag. For example, a downhole device data flag can be set in the downhole environment signal emitted by the downhole signal transceiver device, which can be received by the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device, thereby realizing a wireless communication connection between the downhole signal transceiver device and the signal relay device adjacent to it. A relay device data flag can be set in the downhole environment signal and the casing environment signal relayed by the signal relay device, which can be received by the next-level signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, thereby realizing a wireless communication connection between signal relay devices. A ground device data flag can be set in the downhole environment signal emitted by the ground signal transceiver device, which can be received by the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, thereby realizing a wireless communication connection between the ground signal transceiver device and the signal relay device adjacent to it.

[0089] In some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver equipment 102, the signal relay equipment 105 and the ground signal transceiver equipment 103 can realize the collection, processing and transmission of downhole data through corresponding signal processing circuits, such as the signal transmitting part, signal receiving part and environmental monitoring part of the downhole signal transceiver equipment.

[0090] In some embodiments, the downhole signal transceiver device 102, the signal relay device 105, and the ground signal transceiver device 103 can select devices with different specifications and / or signal processing circuits suitable for different data processing based on different stages of the life cycle of the oil and gas well. For example, in the downhole drilling stage, the oil testing stage, the cementing stage, and the oil and gas production stage, different signal transceiver devices can be installed on the tubing 101 respectively to meet the downhole data collection and processing requirements at different stages of the oil and gas well life cycle. In the drilling stage, the tubing 101 is a drill pipe, in the oil testing stage and the oil and gas production stage, the tubing 101 is an oil pipe, and in the cementing stage, there is no tubing in the well.

[0091] In some embodiments, different signal processing circuits can be integrated into the same downhole signal transceiver device 102, signal relay device 105 or ground signal transceiver device 103, and then, at different stages of the life cycle of the oil and gas well, downhole data can be collected and processed by different signal processing circuits of the device. For example, based on the data collection and processing requirements of the downhole signal transceiver required in the downhole drilling stage, oil testing stage, cementing stage and oil and gas production stage, the signal processing circuits with corresponding functions can be respectively integrated into the same downhole signal transceiver device, the same signal relay device and the same ground signal transceiver device, and then in the actual downhole monitoring process, based on the current stage of the life cycle of the oil and gas well, the corresponding signal processing circuits in the downhole signal transceiver device, the signal relay device and the ground signal transceiver device can be controlled to work.

[0092] In some embodiments, at different stages of the oil and gas well production cycle, the environmental signals monitored by the downhole signal transceiver device 102 may be different.

[0093] For example, during the drilling stage, the downhole signal transceiver device 102 can be used to monitor downhole drilling pressure and torque and other parameters during the drilling process as environmental data, and convert the monitored environmental data into downhole environmental signals, which are transmitted upward step by step to the surface signal transceiver device 103 through multiple signal relay devices 105. After receiving the downhole environmental signals, the surface signal transceiver device 103 analyzes the downhole environmental data, determines the working parameters of the downhole guide instrument according to the analyzed drilling pressure and torque and other parameters, and generates relevant command signals, which are transmitted downward step by step to the corresponding guide instrument through multiple signal relay devices 105 to control the guide instrument to work and provide support for the adjustment of the wellbore trajectory during the drilling process.

[0094] For example, in the oil testing and completion stage, the downhole signal transceiver device 102 can be used to monitor the pressure, temperature and other environmental data of the well during the whole process of tool entry, acidification and pressure recovery, and convert the monitored environmental data into downhole environmental signals, which are transmitted upward step by step to the surface signal transceiver device 103 through multiple signal relay devices 105. After receiving the downhole environmental signals, the surface signal transceiver device 103 analyzes the downhole environmental data, determines the acidizing pump pressure, displacement and re-pressure time during the pressure recovery period according to the environmental data such as pressure and temperature obtained by the analysis, and determines the wellbore drainage at the same time, and generates relevant command signals, which are transmitted downward step by step to the corresponding instruments through multiple signal relay devices 105 to control the operation of relevant instruments and ensure the safety of operations in the oil testing and completion stage.

[0095] For example, during the oil and gas production stage, the downhole signal transceiver device 102 can be used to monitor the pressure, temperature, humidity and other environmental data in the well during the oil and gas production, and convert the monitored environmental data into downhole environmental signals, which are transmitted upward step by step to the surface signal transceiver device 103 through multiple signal relay devices 105. After receiving the downhole environmental signals, the surface signal transceiver device 103 analyzes the downhole environmental data, and determines the change of downhole oil and gas production capacity, formation water production, and predicts whether pressure channeling occurs based on the analyzed environmental data such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc., and then adjusts the downhole oil and gas development strategy, determines the working parameters of related instruments, and generates related command signals, which are transmitted downward step by step to the corresponding instruments through multiple signal relay devices 105 to control the work of related instruments, which is helpful for the excavation of formation production capacity, and can provide support for early warning of underground water flooding, pressure channeling, etc.

[0096] In some embodiments, different equipment layouts may be used corresponding to different stages of the oil and gas well production cycle.

[0097] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system during the drilling phase provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, during the drilling phase: a repeater 401 (i.e. Figure 1 The signal relay device 105 in the well is arranged with a downhole parameter sensor on the repeater to monitor the environmental parameters inside and outside the casing. A downhole signal transceiver 402 (i.e. Figure 1 The downhole signal transceiver 102 is installed on the downhole signal transceiver, and a downhole parameter sensor is set on the downhole signal transceiver to monitor the environmental parameters near the bottom of the well. Figure 1 The ground signal transceiver device 103) receives the environmental signals from the well and transmits data acquisition control signals or other control command signals to the well.

[0099] It can be understood that the sensors arranged on the downhole signal transceiver can obtain the first downhole environmental information and generate a first downhole environmental signal, which is transmitted to the nearest repeater through the downhole signal transceiver, and the repeater transmits it to the upper-level repeater, and then transmits it to the ground signal receiver; the sensors arranged on the repeater obtain the second downhole environmental information, and generate a second downhole environmental signal, and transmit it to the upper-level repeater, and the upper-level repeater transmits it to the next upper-level repeater, and then transmits it to the ground signal receiver; after the ground receives the downhole environmental signal of the downhole parameter sensor of the downhole drill bit, it determines the instruction to adjust the downhole power tool (guide tool) through analysis, and sends it from the wellhead. After the downhole signal transceiver receives the signal, it transmits it to the guide tool to execute and complete the relevant actions.

[0100] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system in the oil testing and completion stage provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0101] like Figure 5 As shown, in the well testing and completion stage: the repeater 501 on the casing during the drilling stage can be used in conjunction with the downhole signal transceiver 502 (i.e. Figure 1 The sensor on the downhole signal transceiver records all environmental data from the tool entering the well, acidizing, and pressure recovery during the oil test to ensure the safety of the operation. The data is sent to the ground in real time through multiple repeaters as downhole environmental signals. The ground adjusts the acidizing pump pressure, displacement, and re-pressurization time during the pressure recovery period based on the data monitored downhole, and guides the wellbore drainage, etc.

[0102] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring system for the oil and gas production stage provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0103] like Figure 6 As shown, in the oil and gas production stage: the repeater 601 on the casing in the previous stage can be used, and the downhole signal transceiver 602 can be lowered through the oil pipe. The sensor on the downhole signal transceiver records the temperature, pressure and other environmental data during the downhole oil and gas production, obtains the downhole environmental signal, and sends it to the ground in real time through the monopole or repeater, grasps the downhole related data during the production, and after the ground analyzes the downhole situation, optimizes the gas well production system in real time, adjusts and optimizes the gas well mining countermeasures, so as to fully guarantee the gas well production capacity. Specifically, the ground signal transceiver can send instructions to the downhole signal transceiver 602. After receiving the instructions, the downhole signal transceiver 602 gives the instructions to the actuator (such as the downhole electric control nozzle, etc.) to perform downhole oil and gas production adjustments.

[0104] It can be understood that the downhole signal transceiver in the above drilling process, the downhole signal transceiver in the oil testing and completion process, and the downhole signal transceiver in the oil and gas production process have the same principle, and the size structure and material selection can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the pipe string and the mechanical strength requirements at different stages. The downhole signal transceiver can be installed at any position underground as needed, and can be equipped with the downhole actuator of the corresponding stage.

[0105] The downhole monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present application avoids the shielding of electromagnetic waves emitted by the relay on the traditional pipe string in the casing by the casing by installing a signal transmitter on the oil pipe or drill pipe and a repeater on the casing. Information can be transmitted from the downhole signal transceiver in the casing to the repeater, and then directly transmitted out of the casing, thereby realizing the communication between the information inside the casing and the outside of the casing. The set repeater can not only serve the purpose of signal relay transmission, but also play a role in communicating signal transmission inside and outside the casing.

[0106] In addition, repeaters are installed on the casing and downhole signal transceivers are installed on the tubing / drill pipe, forming a set of superimposable monitoring methods, that is, the number of repeaters can be increased as the depth of the well increases, and the situation from the upper part to the lower part of the wellbore can be monitored, and it can adapt to each stage, without the need to change different monitoring tools at each stage (drilling, oil testing, production). Downhole real-time monitoring can be achieved in each stage of drilling-oil testing and completion-oil and gas production of oil and gas wells, and the monitoring method is unified. During the monitoring process, it can be applied to downhole monitoring at different stages by adding repeaters or replacing downhole signal transceivers. It has low cost, simple operation and strong replicability. The downhole monitoring system has sensors at all depths of the wellbore, fully covering the key positions of the wellbore, forming a downhole monitoring network, and can obtain more comprehensive downhole data. Through the established two-way communication mode, the ground can control the downhole, which is convenient for adjusting the downhole execution action.

[0107] Combine the following Figure 1 The workflow of the downhole monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0108] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a downhole monitoring method applied to a downhole monitoring system may include:

[0109] (1) Data collection: The downhole environmental data of the oil and gas well inside and outside the pipe string during the drilling, oil testing, cementing, and oil production stages are collected through the downhole signal receiving and transmitting equipment 102, and the casing environmental data inside and outside the casing are collected through the sensors set on the signal relay equipment.

[0110] (2) Signal transmission: including the transmission of signals from the wellhead to the wellbore, the transmission of signals from the wellbore to the surface, and the arrangement of antennas. Signal transmission may specifically include the following steps:

[0111] S1. The data acquisition control signal (i.e., the command signal mentioned above) from the ground is transmitted to the underground: the data acquisition control signal from the ground is sent from the ground signal transceiver device 103, and the data acquisition control signal passes through the formation to the first signal relay device 105, and then is relayed downward by the second signal relay device 105, the third signal relay device 105, etc. to the underground signal transceiver device 102 corresponding to the underground execution terminal. Through system settings, the signals of the signal relay devices 102 set underground can be connected to each other, so that the underground signal transceiver device 102 can receive the data acquisition command signal sent from the ground through multiple signal transceiver devices 105.

[0112] S2. Downhole signals (which may include the downhole environment signals and casing environment signals mentioned above) are transmitted to the surface: after receiving the data acquisition control signal, the downhole signal transceiver device 102 may control the environment sensors of the downhole signal transceiver device 102 to collect downhole environment data based on the data acquisition control signal, and generate downhole environment signals based on the environment data, and transmit the downhole environment signals to the adjacent signal relay device 105 through the downhole signal transceiver device 102, and then transmit the signals upward from the adjacent signal relay device 105 to the next signal relay device 105, until finally transmitting the signals to the surface signal transceiver device 103. In addition, the signal relay device 105 may also control the environment sensors of the signal relay device 105 to collect casing environment data inside and outside the casing based on the data acquisition control signal, and generate casing environment signals based on the casing environment data, and transmit the generated casing environment signals to the adjacent signal relay device 105, and then transmit the signals upward from the adjacent signal relay device 105 to the next signal relay device 105, until finally transmitting the signals to the surface signal transceiver device 103.

[0113] In this process, the system can be set up so that the ground signal transceiver device 103 can receive the downhole environment signal of the downhole signal transceiver device 102 and the casing environment signal of each level of signal relay devices 105; the system can be set up so that the signal relay device 105 can directly transmit the downhole environment signal and / or the casing environment signal to the adjacent signal relay device 105, so that the signal relay device 105 closest to the ground that receives the downhole environment signal and / or the casing environment signal can transmit the downhole environment signal and / or the casing environment signal to the ground signal transceiver device 103.

[0114] S3. Arrangement of antennas: The underground signal transceiver equipment can use the insulating short joints to take the two ends of the pipe string as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna; the signal relay equipment can use the insulating short joints to take the casing as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna; the ground signal transceiver equipment uses the combination of the wellhead and the ground pile as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, there are environmental sensors at various depths of the wellbore, forming a full coverage of the key positions of the wellbore and a downhole monitoring network, so that the downhole situation can be more comprehensively grasped. The established two-way communication mode can realize the control of the downhole from the ground and adjust the downhole execution actions.

[0116] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a plurality of signal relay devices on the casing, the wireless signals transmitted inside and outside the casing can be communicated, and the signal sent by the downhole signal transceiver in the casing can be transmitted out of the casing, so as to avoid the signal being shielded by the casing and unable to realize signal relay transmission through the signal relay device. In addition, by setting a plurality of signal relay devices on the casing, the real-time and long-distance transmission of downhole data acquisition can be realized, so that the downhole situation can be grasped in real time, and the downhole equipment can be controlled or adjusted timely and accurately.

[0117] The following takes the example of a ground signal transceiver generating a command signal and obtaining a downhole environment signal as an example to introduce the downhole monitoring method applied to the ground signal transceiver in the embodiment of the present application.

[0118] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring method applied to a downhole monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the method can be specifically applied to the ground signal transceiver equipment of the downhole monitoring system, and may include:

[0119] S701: Generate a command signal and send the command signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the command signal is transmitted to the downhole signal transceiver device in sequence through multiple signal relay devices, the downhole signal transceiver device monitors the environmental data in response to the command signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device.

[0120] S702: Receive a signal sent by an adjacent signal relay device, where the signal sent by the signal relay device is a signal of the downhole environment signal relayed and transmitted via multiple signal relay devices to a signal relay device adjacent to a surface signal transceiver device.

[0121] In some embodiments, after executing the above step S702, the ground signal transceiver device may further execute the following steps:

[0122] The received downhole environmental signal is parsed to obtain downhole environmental data, and the obtained downhole environmental data is analyzed, and the working parameters of the downhole actuator are determined based on the analysis results, and the device adjustment instruction signal is generated based on the determined working parameters, and the generated device adjustment instruction signal is sent to the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, so as to transmit the device adjustment instruction to the downhole signal transceiver device through the relay transmission of multiple signal relay devices. Then, the downhole signal transceiver device can send the device adjustment instruction to the corresponding downhole actuator, so that the downhole actuator device adjusts the working parameters of the instruction adjuster, thereby realizing the control of the downhole actuator.

[0123] The description and functions of the above process can be understood by referring to the content of the downhole monitoring system section above, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application also provides a downhole monitoring device, which is located in a downhole monitoring system, and specifically can be located in a ground signal transceiver device of the downhole monitoring system. Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the device may include:

[0125] The instruction generation module 801 is used to generate an instruction signal and send the instruction signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the instruction signal is transmitted to the downhole signal transceiver device in sequence through multiple signal relay devices, and the downhole signal transceiver device monitors the environmental data in response to the instruction signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device.

[0126] The signal receiving module 802 is used to receive the signal sent by the adjacent signal relay device, where the signal sent by the signal relay device is the signal of the downhole environment signal relayed and transmitted via multiple signal relay devices to the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device.

[0127] The description and functions of the above modules can be understood by referring to the contents of the downhole monitoring method and downhole monitoring system, which will not be repeated here.

[0128] The present specification also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the steps of the above-mentioned downhole monitoring method are implemented.

[0129] The present specification also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned downhole monitoring method when executed by a processor.

[0130] In some embodiments, the ground signal transceiver device may be an electronic device with signal transmission, signal reception, data calculation, processing and storage capabilities. The electronic device may be a terminal such as a PC (Personal Computer), a tablet computer, a smart phone, a wearable device, an intelligent robot, etc.; or it may be a server. Among them, the server may be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services. This application does not limit this.

[0131] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which can be Figure 1 Ground signal transceiver equipment in Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0132] like Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 901, a memory 902, and an antenna 903, wherein the processor 901, the memory 902, and the antenna 903 may be connected via a bus or other means. Fig. 9 The antenna 903 may include a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna of a ground signal transceiver device.

[0133] The processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 901 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or a combination of the above chips.

[0134] The memory 902 is a non-transient computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-transient software programs, non-transient computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the downhole monitoring method in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 901 executes various functional applications and data processing of the processor by running the non-transient software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 902, that is, realizing the downhole monitoring method in the above method embodiment.

[0135] The memory 902 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required by at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor 901, etc. In addition, the memory 902 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 902 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 901, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor 901 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0136] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 902, and when executed by the processor 901, the following is performed: Figure 7 The downhole monitoring method in the illustrated embodiment.

[0137] Antenna 903 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals, such as downhole environment signals, casing environment signals, and command signal lights. The electronic device may include multiple antennas, each of which can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve the utilization of the antenna. For example, the antenna can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.

[0138] The specific details of the above electronic device can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] The present specification also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the steps of the above-mentioned downhole monitoring method are implemented.

[0140] The present specification also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned downhole monitoring method when executed by a processor.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, the storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium can also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memory.

[0142] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0143] The systems, devices, modules or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions.

[0144] For the convenience of description, the above device is described in various units according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0145] It can be known from the description of the above implementation methods that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly contributed to the prior art in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute certain parts of the methods of each implementation method of the present application.

[0146] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations, such as personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc.

[0147] The present application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0148] Although the present application has been described through embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are many modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application, and it is intended that the appended claims include these modifications and variations without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A downhole monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A downhole signal transceiver device arranged on the pipe string, a surface signal transceiver device arranged on the wellhead surface, and a plurality of signal relay devices arranged on the casing, wherein the plurality of signal relay devices are arranged between the downhole signal transceiver device and the surface signal receiving device, and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the casing, and two adjacent devices are connected via wireless communication; The downhole signal transceiver device is used to monitor the environmental data inside and outside the pipe string, and send the collected environmental data as a downhole environmental signal to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device, or to receive a signal sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device; The signal relay device is used to receive a signal sent by a previous signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and send the received signal to a next signal relay device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the signal transmission direction, and the signal transmission link includes a first signal transmission direction from the downhole signal transceiver device to the surface signal transceiver device, or a second signal transmission direction from the surface signal transceiver device to the downhole signal transceiver device; The ground signal transceiver device is used to receive signals sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, or to send command signals to a signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device, wherein the command signal includes signals used to control the downhole signal transceiver device and / or the signal relay device to work.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal relay device is installed on the bushing through an insulating short section, and the upper bushing and the lower bushing of the insulating short section serve as antennas of the signal relay device to send or receive signals.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The downhole signal transceiver device is installed on the pipe string through an insulating short joint, and the upper pipe string and the lower pipe string of the insulating short joint serve as antennas of the downhole signal transceiver device to send or receive signals.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The downhole signal transceiver device includes a signal transmitting unit, a signal receiving unit, and an environment monitoring unit; The signal transmitting unit is used to send a downhole environment signal to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device; The signal receiving unit is used to receive a signal sent by a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device; The environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the environment data inside and outside the pipe string, and transmit the monitored environment data to the signal transmitting unit to generate and send out a downhole environment signal.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal relay device can also be used to monitor the environmental data inside and outside the casing of the casing area where the signal relay device is located, and convert the monitored environmental data into a casing environmental signal and send it to the next level device adjacent to the current signal relay device in the first signal transmission direction.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The casing environment signal includes the location information of the signal relay device, which is used to distinguish casing environment signals in different location areas to determine the downhole environment at different depths.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The signals sent by the underground signal transceiver device, the signal relay device and the surface signal transceiver device contain device identification information, and wireless communication connection is achieved between two adjacent devices through the device identification information.

8. A downhole monitoring method applied to the downhole monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Generate a command signal, and send the command signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the command signal is sequentially transmitted to a downhole signal transceiver device through a plurality of signal relay devices, the downhole signal transceiver device monitors environmental data in response to the command signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to a signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device; Receive a signal sent by an adjacent signal relay device, where the signal sent by the signal relay device is a signal of the downhole environment signal relayed and transmitted via multiple signal relay devices to a signal relay device adjacent to a surface signal transceiver device.

9. A downhole monitoring device, characterized in that: The downhole monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: The command generation module is used to generate a command signal and send the command signal to a nearby signal relay device, so that: the command signal is sequentially transmitted to the downhole signal transceiver device through multiple signal relay devices, and the downhole signal transceiver device monitors the environmental data in response to the command signal, and converts the monitored environmental data into a downhole environmental signal and transmits it to the signal relay device adjacent to the downhole signal transceiver device; The signal receiving module is used to receive the signal sent by the adjacent signal relay device. The signal sent by the signal relay device is the signal of the underground environment signal relayed and transmitted through multiple signal relay devices to the signal relay device adjacent to the ground signal transceiver device.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, the steps of the method of claim 8 are implemented.

Images