A cross dipole antenna

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas and relates to a cross-dipole antenna which comprises a metasurface layer, a radiation layer and a ground layer; the metasurface layer is connected with the ground layer and forms a containing space between the metasurface layer and the ground layer; the radiation layer is arranged in the containing space, is connected with the ground layer and is arranged in a spaced mode with the metasurface layer; the radiation layer comprises two pairs of cross-dipoles; two feeding structures are arranged on the ground layer and are connected with the two pairs of cross-dipoles respectively; the radiation layer comprises a dielectric plate and four radiation patches which are arranged in a spaced center-symmetrical mode about the center of the dielectric plate; the dielectric plate and the radiation patches are square structures, one side of the radiation patch is parallel to one side of the dielectric plate; two radiation patches are adjacently arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, and the other two radiation patches are adjacently arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate; two opposite radiation patches are connected to serve as a dipole. The application can reduce the profile of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a cross dipole antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In modern wireless communication systems, dual-polarized antennas can provide polarization diversity to reduce the side effects of multipath fading and increase channel capacity, and are therefore widely used in base station and other scenarios.

[0003] Research on dual-polarized base station antennas is diverse, and can be broadly categorized into: patch antennas, conventional dipole antennas, magnetoelectric dipole antennas, and crossed dipole antennas. Among these, crossed dipole antennas are widely designed and applied due to their simple structure, high operating bandwidth, and good radiation performance.

[0004] In existing technologies, traditional crossed dipole antennas use a metal ground plane as a reflector. Due to the reflective properties of the metal surface, the antenna height is typically around 0.25λ, where λ is the wavelength of the center operating frequency. Base station antennas mainly operate in two frequency bands: a lower frequency band (0.69-0.96 GHz) and a higher frequency band (1.7-2.7 GHz). Therefore, the normal height of a base station antenna operating in the 690MHz-960MHz range is approximately 90mm.

[0005] However, with the rapid development of mobile communication systems today, this height is often too cumbersome and cannot meet the stringent requirements for low-profile base stations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cross dipole antenna that can reduce the antenna profile in order to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] A cross-dipole antenna includes: a metasurface layer, a radiating layer, and a ground layer;

[0008] The metasurface layer is connected to the floor layer, and an accommodating space is formed between the metasurface layer and the floor layer;

[0009] The radiating layer is disposed in the accommodating space, connected to the floor layer, and spaced apart from the metasurface layer; the radiating layer includes: two pairs of crossed dipoles;

[0010] The floor layer is provided with two power feeding structures, which are respectively connected to two pairs of cross dipoles.

[0011] In one embodiment, the radiating layer includes: a dielectric substrate and four radiating patches that are symmetrically distributed about the center of the dielectric substrate at intervals;

[0012] Both the dielectric substrate and the radiating patch are square structures, and one side of the radiating patch is parallel to one side of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] Two radiating patches are disposed adjacent to each other on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, and two other radiating patches are disposed adjacent to each other on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate; two opposing radiating patches are connected to form a dipole.

[0014] In one embodiment, the radiating patch has a set of diagonally symmetrically provided isosceles right-angled triangular grooves to form a hexagonal structure and to form a cross-shaped structure with all the radiating patches.

[0015] In one embodiment, the ratio of the right-angled side length of the groove, the side length of the radiating patch, and the side length of the dielectric substrate is 1:3:9.

[0016] In one embodiment, the radiating layer further includes four metal pillars as radiating arms;

[0017] The metal pillar is a regular square prism structure, with one corresponding end connected to the dielectric plate and having a gap between it and the radiation patch, and the other corresponding end connected to the floor layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the height of the metal pillar is 3.5 to 4 times the distance between the radiating layer and the metasurface layer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the radiation layer further includes: a first connector and a second connector respectively corresponding to the two dipoles;

[0020] The first connector includes: a strip-shaped first connecting patch; the first connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is directly connected to a radiating patch of the corresponding dipole, and the other end is connected to another radiating patch of the corresponding dipole through a feeding structure.

[0021] The second connector includes: a strip-shaped second connecting patch, a third connecting patch, and a fourth connecting patch; the second connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is directly connected to a radiating patch of the corresponding dipole, and the other end is connected to the fourth connecting patch through a connecting tube; the third connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is connected to another radiating patch of the corresponding dipole through another feeding structure, and the other end is connected to the fourth connecting patch through a connecting tube; the fourth connecting patch is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and both ends are connected to the other ends of the second connecting patch and the third connecting patch through connecting tubes, respectively.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second connecting patch, the third connecting patch, and the fourth connecting patch have the same length direction, and the length direction of the second connecting patch is used as the length direction of the second connector;

[0023] The length direction of the second connector intersects the length direction of the first connector at the center of the medium plate.

[0024] In one embodiment, the metasurface layer includes: a substrate and a plurality of square-structured metasurface units;

[0025] Multiple metasurface units are spaced apart on the top surface of the substrate and form a square array.

[0026] In one embodiment, the power supply structure includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, with a separator between the outer conductor and the inner conductor;

[0027] One end of the outer conductor and one end of the inner conductor are connected to an external power supply terminal. The other end of the outer conductor is connected to a radiating patch disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and the other end of the inner conductor is connected to a radiating patch disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0028] The aforementioned cross-dipole antenna is a dual-linearly polarized cross-dipole antenna based on a metasurface. It overcomes the problem of radiation pattern deterioration after reducing antenna height in existing technologies. It features low profile and high performance, without sacrificing performance to reduce the profile. Instead, it maintains high performance while reducing the profile, resulting in superior antenna performance and ensuring good and stable antenna radiation performance. It is widely applicable to base station communication, base station antennas, broadband antennas, dual-polarized antennas, wireless communication systems, the Internet of Things, vehicle networking, and other fields, especially in scenarios involving low-profile base station communication environments. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a side view of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the metasurface layer structure of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the radiating layer structure of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the S-parameters of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a gain curve of a cross dipole antenna in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 690MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 690MHz in one embodiment.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 800MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 800 MHz in one embodiment.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 960MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a radiation pattern of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 960MHz in one embodiment.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 690MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0043] Figure 15 This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 690 MHz in one embodiment.

[0044] Figure 16 This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 800MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0045] Figure 17 This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 800MHz in one embodiment.

[0046] Figure 18 This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a horizontal plane at 960MHz, according to one embodiment.

[0047] Figure 19This is a radiation pattern of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna in a vertical plane at 960MHz in one embodiment.

[0048] Figure 20 A surface current diagram of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 690MHz in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 21 A surface current diagram of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 690MHz in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 22 A surface current diagram of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 800MHz in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 23 A surface current diagram of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 800MHz in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 24 A surface current diagram of port 1 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 960MHz in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 25 This is a surface current diagram of port 2 of a cross dipole antenna radiating at 960MHz in one embodiment.

[0054] Figure label:

[0055] Metasurface layer 1, substrate 11, metasurface unit 12, non-metallic pillar 13;

[0056] Radiation layer 2, dielectric substrate 21, radiation patch 22, metal pillar 23;

[0057] Floor layer 3, first probe 31, second probe 32, connecting pipe 33;

[0058] First connecting patch A, second connecting patch B, third connecting patch C, fourth connecting patch D. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0061] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this application, "multiple sets" means at least two sets, such as two sets, three sets, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0062] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0064] This application provides a cross dipole antenna, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment, it includes: a metasurface layer, a radiation layer, and a floor layer.

[0065] The metasurface layer, radiation layer, and floor layer are arranged alternately from top to bottom.

[0066] The metasurface layer is spaced parallel above the floor layer and connected to the floor layer by four non-metallic columns; a accommodating space is formed between the metasurface layer and the floor layer to accommodate the radiation layer.

[0067] Preferably, the metasurface layer includes: a substrate and a plurality of metasurface units; the metasurface units are square structures, and the plurality of metasurface units are spaced apart on the top surface of the substrate to form a square array, so as to reduce the antenna profile while ensuring performance.

[0068] The radiation layer is arranged parallel to each other above the floor layer and parallel to each other below the metasurface layer. That is, the radiation layer is arranged parallel to each other between the metasurface layer and the floor layer and is connected to the floor layer. The radiation layer includes two pairs of crossed dipoles.

[0069] The floor layer has a plate-like structure, and two feeding structures (one feeding structure is the first probe, and the other feeding structure is the second probe) are provided on the floor layer. They are connected to two pairs of crossed dipoles respectively, so as to generate bilinear polarization by using coaxial feeding.

[0070] Preferably, the power supply structure includes: an outer conductor, an inner conductor, and a separator; the outer conductor is sleeved on the outside of the inner conductor, and the separator is located between the outer conductor and the inner conductor; one end of the outer conductor and one end of the inner conductor are flush and both are connected to an external power supply terminal (the external power supply terminal is located below the ground plane, with an impedance of 50 ohms, and is matched with the SMA interface); the other end of the outer conductor is connected to a radiating patch located on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and the other end of the inner conductor is connected to a radiating patch located on the top surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0071] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the metasurface layer, radiating layer, and ground layer reduces the antenna profile, improves the reflection effect, front-to-back ratio, and gain, and also improves the antenna's cross-polarization ratio and isolation, ensuring the effect of frequency matching and preventing leakage.

[0072] In one embodiment, the radiating layer includes a dielectric substrate and four radiating patches as the main radiating structure. Both the dielectric substrate and the radiating patches are square structures, with one side of any radiating patch parallel to one side of the dielectric substrate, and the side length of the square structure being the side length of either the dielectric substrate or the radiating patch. The four radiating patches are spaced apart on the dielectric substrate and are centrally symmetrically distributed about the center of the dielectric substrate. Two radiating patches are adjacent to each other on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, and the other two are adjacent to each other on the bottom surface. Two opposing radiating patches are connected to form a dipole. Two dipoles are interleaved to form a crossed dipole. This configuration further improves the antenna's cross-polarization ratio and isolation.

[0073] Preferably, a set of diagonally symmetrical isosceles right-angled triangular slots are provided on the radiating patches, so that each radiating patch forms a hexagonal structure and all radiating patches form a cross shape to expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0074] More preferably, the ratio of the right-angled side length of the slot, the side length of the radiating patch, and the side length of the dielectric substrate is 1:3:9, so as to further expand the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the gain stability.

[0075] More preferably, the radiating patch has a square structure with rounded corners at each corner to further extend the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0076] In one embodiment, the radiating layer further includes four metal pillars as radiating arms of the dipole; that is, the radiating layer includes a dielectric substrate, four radiating patches, and four metal pillars; the metal pillars are regular square prisms, with one corresponding end of each pillar perpendicularly connected to the dielectric substrate and having a gap between it and the radiating patch, and the other corresponding end perpendicularly connected to the ground plane. This configuration, combined with the metasurface layer, further reduces the antenna profile, further improves reflection performance, front-to-back ratio, and gain, and as an extension of the dipole radiating arms, improves the antenna's beamwidth, cross-polarization ratio, and isolation, ensuring the stability of the radiation direction.

[0077] Preferably, the height of the metal pillar is 3.5 to 4 times the distance between the radiating layer and the metasurface layer to increase the beamwidth and further reduce the antenna profile, thereby further improving the reflection effect, front-to-back ratio and gain.

[0078] In one embodiment, the radiating layer further includes a connection structure as a microstrip feed line; that is, the radiating layer includes a dielectric substrate, four radiating patches, four metal pillars, and a connection structure; the connection structure includes a first connector and a second connector, which are respectively connected to two dipoles. Specifically: The first connector includes: a first probe and a first connecting patch, the first connecting patch being a strip structure; the first connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is directly connected to a radiating patch of the corresponding dipole, and the other end of which is connected to another radiating patch of the corresponding dipole through the first probe; the second connector includes: a second probe, a second connecting patch, a third connecting patch, and a fourth connecting patch, all of which are strip structures; the second connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is directly connected to a radiating patch of the corresponding dipole, and the other end of which is connected to the fourth connecting patch through a connecting tube (a vertically arranged metal through-hole); the third connecting patch is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, one end of which is connected to another radiating patch of the corresponding dipole through the second probe, and the other end of which is connected to the fourth connecting patch through a connecting tube; the fourth connecting patch is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, with both ends connected to the other ends of the second and third connecting patches respectively through connecting tubes. The above configuration avoids mutual interference between the two dipoles, ensuring the effect of dual polarization and further improving the antenna's cross-polarization ratio and isolation.

[0079] Preferably, the second connecting patch, the third connecting patch, and the fourth connecting patch have the same length direction, and the length direction of the second connecting patch is used as the length direction of the second connector; the length direction of the second connector intersects the length direction of the first connector perpendicularly at the center of the dielectric substrate to generate +45° and -45° polarization.

[0080] In this application, the substrate, dielectric substrate, and non-metallic pillars are all made of non-metallic materials, while other components are all made of metallic materials.

[0081] The aforementioned cross-dipole antenna is a dual-polarized cross-dipole antenna based on a metasurface. It overcomes the problem of radiation pattern deterioration after reducing antenna height in existing technologies (because the distance from the radiator to the reflector is less than a quarter wavelength, the reflected wave and the wave directly radiated along the axis will not add in phase, and impedance matching over a wide bandwidth is difficult to achieve). It features low profile and high performance, without reducing the profile at the expense of performance, but ensuring high performance while reducing the profile. This results in superior antenna performance, ensuring good and stable antenna radiation performance. It is widely applicable to base station communication, base station antennas, broadband antennas, dual-polarized antennas, wireless communication systems, the Internet of Things, vehicle networking, and other fields, especially in scenarios involving low-profile base station communication environments.

[0082] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following technical effects:

[0083] 1. This application has an extremely low profile, with an antenna profile of 34.762 mm and a profile height of 0.09λ, which is only 36% of the profile height of a traditional antenna (0.25λ), thus meeting the requirements for low orientation.

[0084] 2. This application has broadband characteristics, with an impedance bandwidth of 685MHz-1070MHz and a relative bandwidth of 43.9%, which can cover the base station communication frequency band.

[0085] 3. This application has a high cross-polarization ratio, with an average cross-polarization ratio of over 30dB for the antenna, which is much greater than 20dB. It has good polarization performance, which can better suppress various interferences and is conducive to stable signal transmission.

[0086] 4. The beamwidth of this application is relatively wide, with the antenna's 3dB beamwidth exceeding 80°, ensuring sufficient communication connectivity for the system.

[0087] 5. This application has high isolation, with the antenna having an isolation greater than 20dB across the entire operating frequency band, ensuring that each port can work independently without affecting each other.

[0088] 6. This application has a high front-to-back ratio, with the antenna having a front-to-back ratio greater than 20dB across the entire operating frequency band, ensuring radiation stability and maintaining stability in complex and ever-changing communication environments, thus having broad application prospects.

[0089] 7. This application has a simple structure, is easy to process and manufacture, and has low cost. It can be reliably applied in complex and ever-changing modern wireless mobile communication systems.

[0090] In one specific embodiment, the coaxial feed port connected to the first probe is designated as port 1, and the coaxial feed port connected to the second probe is designated as port 2. Both the substrate and dielectric substrate are made of FR4 material (dielectric constant 4, loss tangent 0.005), with a thickness of 0.762 mm. The ground plane thickness is 0.5 mm. The antenna height H = 34.762 mm, and the overall antenna dimensions are 220 * 220 * 34.762 mm. 3 Specific dimensions are as follows Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the metasurface layer has a length L = 220 mm and a width W = 220 mm; the metasurface unit is a square structure with a side length W2 = 39 mm; the distance between two adjacent metasurface units is 1 mm; the substrate where the metasurface unit is located has a square structure with a side length W1 = 40 mm; the sum of the distance between the metasurface layer and the radiating layer and the thickness of the dielectric substrate H2 = 7 mm; the dielectric substrate 21 has a length Lp = 180 mm and a width Wp = 180 mm; the radiating patch has a side length W3 = 60 mm, and the side length of the radiating patch minus the groove is... The length W2 = 40mm, the radius R of the rounded corners on the radiating patch = 5mm; the distance between two adjacent radiating patches is 1mm; the height H1 = 26.5mm, the side length of the cross-section of the metal pillar Wm = 27mm; the inner conductor diameter of the first and second probes is 1mm, and the diameter of the connecting tube is 1mm; the length L1 = 13.6mm and the width W5 = 5mm of the first connecting patch; the width of the second connecting patch is 5mm; the length L2 = 6mm and the width W5 = 5mm of the third connecting patch.

[0091] The antenna was simulated and analyzed using the electromagnetic full-wave simulation software CST. Its structural parameters, S-parameters, gain, and radiation pattern were studied, and the results are as follows: Figures 6 to 25 As shown.

[0092] like Figure 6 As shown, the antenna's S11 and S22 parameters are both less than -10dB in the 685MHz-1070MHz range, with a relative bandwidth of 43.9% and an isolation greater than 20dB. It can be seen that the antenna has broadband characteristics, excellent impedance bandwidth, and excellent isolation.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the antenna's minimum gain is above 7.5 dBi, and its peak gain can reach 8.15 dBi. It can be seen that the antenna has a high gain and the gain fluctuation is not large, which can effectively and stably transmit signals.

[0094] like Figures 8 to 19 As shown, the radiation patterns of port 1 and port 2 at different frequencies in the horizontal and vertical planes within the operating frequency band show that the antenna has a large front-to-back ratio, a high cross-polarization ratio (greater than 20 dB), and a wide beamwidth.

[0095] like Figures 20 to 25 As shown, the surface current diagrams of ports 1 and 2 at different frequencies within the operating frequency band demonstrate that the antenna exhibits excellent bilinear polarization within the operating frequency band, proving the stability and reliability of the antenna operation.

[0096] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0097] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A crossed dipole antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a cross-dipole antenna. The cross-dipole antenna comprises a super surface layer, a radiation layer and a floor layer. The super surface layer is connected with the floor layer and forms a containing space between the super surface layer and the floor layer. ； The radiation layer is arranged in the containing space, connected with the floor layer and spaced apart from the super surface layer. The radiation layer comprises two pairs of cross-dipole antennas. The floor layer is provided with two feeding structures connected with the two pairs of cross-dipole antennas respectively. The radiation layer comprises a dielectric plate and four radiation patches arranged in a center symmetric manner with respect to the center of the dielectric plate. The radiation layer further comprises four metal columns serving as radiation arms of the dipole antennas. The metal columns are in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism, one end of which is connected with the dielectric plate and has a gap with the radiation patches, and the other end is connected with the floor layer. The height of the metal column is 3.5-4 times the distance between the radiation layer and the super surface layer.

2. The cross-dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein The dielectric plate and the radiation patches are in the shape of a square, and one side of the radiation patch is parallel to one side of the dielectric plate. Two radiation patches are arranged adjacent to the top surface of the dielectric plate, and the other two radiation patches are arranged adjacent to the bottom surface of the dielectric plate.

3. A crossed dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein Opposite two radiation patches are connected to form a dipole antenna.

4. A crossed dipole antenna according to claim 3, wherein A set of diagonal upper symmetrically arranged radiation patches are provided with a cut slot in the shape of an isosceles right triangle, so that the radiation patches form a hexagonal structure, and all the radiation patches form a "cross" structure.

5. A crossed dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The ratio of the length of the right angle side of the cut slot, the length of the side of the radiation patch and the length of the side of the dielectric plate is 1:3:

9. The radiation layer further comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece corresponding to the two dipole antennas respectively. The first connecting piece comprises a first connecting patch in the shape of a strip, which is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, one end of which is directly connected with one radiation patch of the corresponding dipole antenna, and the other end is connected with the other radiation patch of the corresponding dipole antenna through a feeding structure.

6. A crossed dipole antenna according to claim 5, wherein, The second connecting piece comprises a second connecting patch, a third connecting patch and a fourth connecting patch in the shape of a strip. The second connecting patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, one end of which is directly connected with one radiation patch of the corresponding dipole antenna, and the other end is connected with the fourth connecting patch through a connecting pipe.

7. A crossed dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The third connecting patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, one end of which is connected with the other radiation patch of the corresponding dipole antenna through another feeding structure, and the other end is connected with the fourth connecting patch through a connecting pipe. The fourth connecting patch is arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, and the two ends thereof are connected with the other end of the second connecting patch and the other end of the third connecting patch respectively through connecting pipes. The length direction of the second connecting patch, the third connecting patch and the fourth connecting patch is the same, and the length direction of the second connecting patch is taken as the length direction of the second connecting piece. The length direction of the second connecting piece and the length direction of the first connecting piece are perpendicular to each other at the center of the dielectric plate. The super surface layer comprises a substrate and a plurality of square super surface units. A plurality of the metasurface units are arranged on the top surface of the substrate and form a square array.

8. A crossed dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The feeding structure comprises an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and a partition is arranged between the outer conductor and the inner conductor. One end of the outer conductor and one end of the inner conductor are connected to an external feeding end, the other end of the outer conductor is connected to a radiation patch arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, and the other end of the inner conductor is connected to a radiation patch arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate.

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