Reducing cell activation latency

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to terminal equipment, network equipment, a method, a device and a computer readable storage medium for reducing cell activation delay. The terminal device determines at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device during the activation procedure of the secondary cell, and performs a Layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result. Thus, layer 1 measurements do not need to be performed on the full beam, and the duration of the activation process may be shorter. Accordingly, activation delay may be reduced, power consumption may be reduced, and communication efficiency may be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunications, and in particular, to a terminal device, a network device, a method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium for a solution for reducing cell activation delay. Background Art

[0002] In communication systems such as New Radio (NR) and Long Term Evolution (LTE), when carrier aggregation (CA) is configured, a secondary cell (SCell) may be activated or deactivated to achieve reasonable user equipment (UE) battery consumption. The transition between the activated state and the deactivated state may be based on a media access control (MAC) control element (CE) command from a network device. For example, the activation command from the network device may indicate activation of the SCell.

[0003] It takes activation time, i.e. activation delay, for a UE to transition from a deactivated state to an activated state. In some cases, the activation delay may become very long. How to reduce the activation delay requires further research and development. Summary of the invention

[0004] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution to reduce cell activation delays.

[0005] In a first aspect, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: determine at least one measurement result of a secondary cell at the terminal device during an activation process of the secondary cell; and perform layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0006] In a second aspect, a network device is provided. The network device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device to at least: send an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation procedure of a secondary cell; and receive a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether a layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0007] In a third aspect, a method performed by a terminal device is provided. The method comprises: determining, at the terminal device, during an activation process of the secondary cell, at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device; and performing layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a method performed by a network device is provided. The method comprises: at the network device, sending an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation process of a secondary cell; and receiving a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises: a component for determining at least one measurement result of a secondary cell at a terminal device during an activation process of the secondary cell by the terminal device; and a component for performing layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises: a component for sending an activation command at a network device to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation process of a secondary cell; and a component for receiving a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to at least execute the method in the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, a computer program is provided, the computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the method in the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0013] In a ninth aspect, a terminal device is provided. The terminal device comprises: a determination circuit system configured to determine, at the terminal device, during an activation process of the secondary cell, at least one measurement result of a secondary cell at the terminal device; and an execution circuit system configured to perform layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0014] In a tenth aspect, a network device is provided. The network device comprises: a sending circuit system configured to send an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell at the network device, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurement during an activation process of a secondary cell; and a receiving circuit system configured to receive a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0015] In an eleventh aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, the computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by a device, causes the device to at least perform the method in the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0016] In a twelfth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising components for performing the following: determining at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at a terminal device during an activation process of the secondary cell; and performing layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, a device is provided, comprising components for performing the following: sending an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating that the terminal device is allowed to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation process of a secondary cell; and receiving a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0018] It should be understood that the invention summary is not intended to identify the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 illustrates an example of SCell activation when FR2 unknown SCell is activated;

[0021] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a network environment in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

[0022] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a process flow according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4A illustrates an example process in which a terminal device has layer 3 measurement results for a FR2 unknown SCell according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4B illustrates an example process in which a terminal device does not have layer 3 measurement results for a FR2 unknown SCell according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0026] Figure 6A flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0027] Figure 7 shows a simplified block diagram of a device suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0028] Figure 8 A block diagram illustrating an example of a computer readable medium according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0029] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described only for illustrative purposes and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, and do not represent any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various other ways except for the way described below.

[0031] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0032] In this disclosure, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and "an example embodiment" indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment must include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, those skilled in the art believe that it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described.

[0033] It should be understood that although the terms "first" and "second" etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of the example embodiments, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0034] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" used herein also include plural forms, unless the context clearly states otherwise. It is further understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising", "has", "having", "includes" and / or "including" specify the presence of the features, elements and / or components when used herein, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or their combinations. As used herein, "at least one of the following items: <list of two or more elements>" and "at least one of the lists of <two or more elements>" and similar wordings (wherein the list of two or more elements is connected by "and" or "or") refer to at least any one of these elements, or at least any two or more of these elements, or at least all of these elements.

[0035] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following:

[0036] (a) a pure hardware circuit implementation (such as an implementation using only analog and / or digital circuitry), and

[0037] (b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software such as (where applicable):

[0038] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits and software / firmware, and

[0039] (ii) any portion of hardware processor(s) (including digital signal processor(s)) with software, software and memory(s) that work together to cause a device (such as a mobile phone or server) to perform various functions),

[0040] as well as

[0041] (c) Hardware circuit(s) and / or processor(s), such as microprocessor(s) or portion(s) of microprocessor(s), which requires software (e.g., firmware)

[0042] The software can be saved when no operation is needed.

[0043] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claims. As another example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of only a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, if applicable to a particular claim element, the term circuitry also covers a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device, or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0044] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that complies with any suitable communication standard, such as long term evolution (LTE), advanced LTE (LTE-A), wideband code division multiplexing (WCDMA), high speed packet access (HSPA), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. In addition, the communication between the terminal equipment and the network equipment in the communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation of communication protocol, including but not limited to the first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, future fifth generation (5G) communication protocol, and / or any other protocol currently known or to be developed in the future. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems. In view of the rapid development of communication, there will certainly be communication technologies and systems that can be used to embody future types of the present disclosure. It should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to the above-mentioned system.

[0045] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services from the network. Depending on the terminology and technology applied, a network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP), such as a NodeB (NodeB or NB), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a new radio (NR) NB (also known as a gNB), a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay, a low-power node (such as a femto, a pico), etc.

[0046] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE), a subscriber station (SS), a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS), or an access terminal (AT). The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet computer, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device (such as a digital camera), a game terminal device, a music storage and playback device, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, a laptop embedded device (LEE), a laptop mounted device (LME), a USB dongle, a smart device, a wireless customer premises equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a machine type communication (MTC) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical equipment and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial equipment and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in industrial and / or automated processing chain environments), consumer electronic devices, equipment operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. In the following description, the terms "terminal device", "communication device", "terminal", "user equipment" and "UE" may be used interchangeably.

[0047] As mentioned above, when CA is configured, the SCell is configured to be in a deactivated state to achieve reasonable UE battery consumption. It takes time to transition from the deactivated state to the activated state, namely the activation delay, which is composed of T activation_time In some cases, such as an unknown target SCell, the activation delay may become very long due to cell detection, beam measurement (e.g., layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) measurement and channel state information (CSI) measurement), etc. The term "layer 1 (L1)" in the present disclosure may refer to a physical layer, which may be abbreviated as PHY.

[0048] The delay requirement T is defined activation_time The delay requirement indicates the delay in which the UE should be able to activate a deactivated SCell. The delay requirement is based on the SCell conditions at the time of receipt of the activation command and during the activation time, including:

[0049] Whether the SCell is known or unknown,

[0050] SCell belongs to frequency range 1 (FR1) or FR2,

[0051] Whether there is already a serving cell on the same FR2 band,

[0052] Whether a periodic or semi-persistent channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is used for CSI reporting, etc.

[0053] The reason behind this is that the UE takes different activation steps under these different conditions.

[0054] In the context of this disclosure, a SCell is "known" meaning that the UE has sent an L3 measurement report some time period before receiving the activation command, and the reported synchronization signal block (SSB) index remains detectable during the SCell activation period.

[0055]

[0056] In the context of the present disclosure, the terms SCell activation delay, SCell activation delay requirement, activation delay, activation delay requirement, delay, delay requirement, etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0057] T activation_time It can be based on whether there is already a serving cell on the same FR2 band. For example, if there is a serving cell on the FR2 band, the UE can reuse the beam information obtained in the serving cell for the SCell to be activated (i.e., the target SCell), so a very short time T is required. FirstSSB +5ms to activate the SCell. However, if the target SCell is the first SCell on the band, the UE will have to wait for a network command, such as a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) activation, to indicate a downlink (DL) beam, where the TCI indication depends on the latest UE measurement report received by the network.

[0058] T activation_time It can be based on whether the SCell is known or unknown. For example, if the SCell is known in FR2, the network determines the TCI based on the L3 measurement report received before sending the activation command, so only the MAC uncertainty time is considered in the SCell activation delay.

[0059] However, if the SCell is unknown in FR2, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is expected that the UE should first detect the cell, including DL synchronization, automatic gain control (AGC) and time / frequency fine-tuning, which takes a long time: T FirstSSB_MAX +15*T SMTC_MAX +8*T rs Then additional L1-RSRP measurement and reporting is required, namely T L1-RSRP,measure and T L1-RSRP,report , obtain beam information and report it to the network. Figure 1 , the activation delay for unknown SCell in FR2 is specified as follows:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Similarly, L1-RSRP measurements are also needed in FR1 if the SCell is unknown and not contiguous with active cells in the same frequency band:

[0063]

[0064] Regarding the above parameters, their meanings are described as follows:

[0065] In FR1, when the intra-band SCell is activated, T SMTC_MAX Indicates a longer SSB-based RRM Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) period between the active serving cell and the activated SCell, provided that the cell-specific reference signals from the active serving cell and the activated or released SCell are available in the same time slot; in case of inter-band SCell activation, T SMTC_MAX Indicates the SMTC period during which SCell is activated; in FR2, T SMTC_MAX Indicates a longer SMTC period between the active serving cell and the activated SCell, provided that, in Rel-15, only FR2 intra-band CA is supported. SMTC_MAX Can be limited to a minimum value of 10ms.

[0066] If the UE has been provided with the SMTC configuration for the SCell in the SCell Add message, then T rs Indicates the SMTC period of the activated SCell, otherwise, T rs Indicates the SMTC configured in measObjectNR with the same SSB frequency and subcarrier spacing; if the UE is not provided with an SMTC configuration or measurement object on this frequency, the SSB transmission period is assumed to be 5ms, involving T rs The requirements apply to T rs =5ms; if the SSB transmission period is not 5ms, there is no requirement.

[0067] T FirstSSB_MAX Indicates that in time slot n+(T HARQ+3ms) / (NR time slot length), to the time of the end of the first complete SSB burst indicated by SMTC, further satisfying: - In FR1, in the case of intra-band SCell activation, when all active serving cells and activated or released SCells send SSB bursts in the same time slot; in the case of inter-band SCell activation, when the activated SCell sends the first SSB burst.

[0068] - In FR2, when all active serving cells and activated or released SCells send SSB bursts in the same time slot.

[0069] T FineTiming Represents the time period between the UE completing processing of the last activation command for the PDCCH Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) TCI (if applicable) and the timing of the first complete available SSB corresponding to the TCI state.

[0070] T L1-RSRP,measure Indicates the L1-RSRP measurement delay T L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_SSB ms or T L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_CSI-RS , based on the applicability of the definition in clause 9.5, assuming M = 1.

[0071] T L1-RSRP,report Indicates the delay in obtaining CSI report resources.

[0072] T uncertainty_MAC Represents: for the known case, the reception of the last activation command for PDCCH TCI, PDSCH TCI (if applicable) relative to the time period between SCell activation commands; for the unknown case, the first valid L1-RSRP report.

[0073] T uncertainty_RRC Represents: for the known case, the reception of the RRC configuration message for TCI for periodic CSI-RS for CQI reporting (if applicable) relative to the time period between SCell activation commands; for the unknown case, the first valid L1-RSRP report.

[0074] T uncertainty_SP Represents: for the known case, the reception of the activation command for the semi-persistent CSI-RS resource set for CQI reporting relative to the time period between SCell activation commands; for the unknown case, the first valid L1-RSRP report.

[0075] T RRC_delay Indicates RRC process delay.

[0076] In these cases, the definition of the L1-RSRP measurement delay is shown in Table 1 (see TS 38.133 Section 9.5.4.1, Table 9.5.4.1-2), where it is assumed that there are N=8 UE receive (RX) beams for SSB-based L1-RSRP measurement in FR2. This takes into account the worst case, that is, the UE has no information about the SCell and therefore needs to scan all DL beams and adjust its receiver (RX) beam settings to ensure activation.

[0077] Table 1: Measurement period T for FR2 L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_SSB

[0078]

[0079] In Release 18, one of the goals was approved in RAN #95e to reduce SCell activation delay in FR2, although any solution is not limited to FR2.

[0080] It is observed that when activating the FR2 unknown SCell, the activation delay is too long and it is expected that the activation delay can be further reduced.

[0081] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for reducing cell activation delay, referred to as "fast cell activation". In particular, the terminal device may determine at least one measurement result of the SCell at the terminal device, and the terminal device may further perform layer 1 measurement based on the at least one measurement result. Therefore, the time length of the activation process may be shorter. Therefore, the activation delay may be reduced, the power consumption may be reduced, and the communication efficiency may be improved. The principles and some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Figure 2 An example of a network environment 200 is illustrated in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The environment 200 (which may be part of a communication network) includes a terminal device 210 and a network device 220.

[0083] Communication environment 200 may include any suitable number of devices and cells. In communication environment 200, network device 220 may provide services to terminal device 210, and network device 220 and terminal device 210 may transmit data and control information to each other. In some embodiments, network device 220 and terminal device 220 may communicate via a direct link / channel. The link from network device 220 to terminal device 210 is called a downlink (DL), and the link from terminal device 210 to network device 220 is called an uplink (UL). Terminal device 210 may be configured with more than one cell. In some example embodiments, terminal device 210 may be connected to a primary cell (PCell) and / or a secondary cell under the control of network device 220.

[0084] In system 100, the link from network device 220 to terminal device 210 is called downlink (DL), and the link from terminal device 210 to network device 220 is called uplink (UL). In the downlink, network device 220 is a sending (TX) device (or transmitter), and terminal device 210 is a receiving (RX) device (or receiver). In the uplink, terminal device 210 is a sending TX device (or transmitter), and network device 220 is an RX device (or receiver). It should be understood that network device 220 can provide one or more service cells. In some embodiments, network device 220 can provide multiple cells.

[0085] Communications in network environment 200 may be implemented according to any appropriate (multiple) communication protocols, including but not limited to cellular communication protocols such as first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G) and sixth generation (6G), wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, and / or any other protocol currently known or to be developed in the future. In addition, communications may utilize any appropriate wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), multiple input multiple output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technology currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0086] It should be understood that Figure 2 The number of devices (i.e., terminal device 210 and network device 220) shown and their connection relationships and types are for illustration purposes only and do not represent any limitation. For example, environment 200 may include any suitable number of devices suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, although Figure 2The terminal device 210 is depicted as a mobile phone, but the terminal device 210 may be any type of user equipment.

[0087] In the present disclosure, the network device 220 may provide multiple cells, including a PCell and a secondary cell. In some embodiments, the secondary cell may be a primary secondary cell (PSCell) or an SCell. For ease of description, the following embodiments will be described with reference to the SCell, but it should be understood that these embodiments may be applied to the PSCell and will not be repeated.

[0088] Figure 3 An example of a process flow 300 according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. For discussion purposes, reference will be made to Figure 2 The process flow 300 is described. The process flow 300 involves the terminal device 210 and the network device 220. It should be understood that although Figure 2 The process flow 300 is described in the network environment 200 of FIG. 1 , but the process flow can also be applied to other communication scenarios.

[0089] In some embodiments, the network device 220 may provide multiple cells, including a primary cell and a secondary cell. It is assumed that the terminal device 210 is located in the primary cell provided by the network device 220, and the secondary cell will be activated through an activation process. The activation process includes a layer 1 measurement phase, which may be a traditional layer 1 measurement or a fast layer 1 measurement. Compared with traditional layer 1 measurements, fast layer 1 measurements require less time. In some embodiments, fast layer 1 measurements may also be referred to as reduced layer 1 measurements, and the present disclosure does not limit this aspect. In some embodiments, the layer 1 measurement may be a measurement of L1-RSRP and / or layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR), or any measurement result of beam information in a cell.

[0090] In some example embodiments, instead, Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device 210 may send 301 capability information 302 to the network device 220. In some example embodiments, the capability information 302 may indicate whether the terminal device 210 supports fast cell activation and / or reduced layer 1 measurement. In some example embodiments, the capability information 302 may indicate a minimum required number of beams for the reduced layer 1 measurement, for example, a minimum number of UE RX beams required to be applied. The minimum required number may be used to determine a measurement delay for the reduced layer 1 measurement. In some example embodiments, the capability information 302 may indicate a predefined refinement factor. For example, the predefined refinement factor may be represented as N refine , and the refinement factor may also be referred to as a compensation factor, which is used to mitigate the beam difference between layer 3 measurements and layer 1 measurements, which will be described in detail below.

[0091] On the other side of the communication, the network device 220 may receive 303 the capability information 302. Therefore, the network device 220 may know the capability information 302 of the terminal device 210 and may perform further configuration or instruction based on the capability information 302.

[0092] In process flow 300, network device 220 sends 310 activation command 312 to terminal device 210. Activation command 312 may indicate activation of a secondary cell, for example, activation command 312 may include an identifier (ID) of the secondary cell. In some embodiments, activation command 312 may be an activation message or may be included in an activation message.

[0093] In some example embodiments, activation command 312 may indicate permission for terminal device 210 to be allowed to perform fast cell activation and / or reduced layer 1 measurements during the activation process of the secondary cell. In some examples, activation command 312 may be based on capability information 302. For example, if capability information 302 indicates that terminal device 210 supports fast cell activation and / or reduced layer 1 measurements, activation command 312 may indicate permission for terminal device 210 to be allowed to perform fast cell activation or reduced layer 1 measurements. In some examples, activation command 312 may be based on a decision of network device 220. The present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0094] In some example embodiments, activation command 312 may indicate a scaling factor, which may be denoted as K. For example, activation command 212 may include scaling factor K. For example, activation command 312 may include a value (such as N1) to determine the scaling factor, and the value may be 1 / K. The scaling factor may be used by terminal device 210 to determine a plurality of UE receive beams for reduced layer 1 measurements, which will be described below. In some other examples, activation command 312 may include the number of the plurality of receive beams, denoted as M, and this example may be considered an alternative embodiment of scaling factor K. The scaling factor and / or value may also be indicated using other messages from network device 220 to terminal device 210.

[0095] In some example embodiments, the activation command 312 may indicate spatial information associated with the reference signal. The spatial information associated with the reference signal may be used by the terminal device 210 to determine a plurality of receive beams, as will be described below.

[0096] In some example embodiments, the scaling factor or spatial information in activation command 312 may be based on capability information 302. For example, if capability information 302 indicates a minimum required number of beams for reduced layer 1 measurement, network device 220 may determine the scaling factor and / or spatial information based on a maximum required number of beams for reduced layer 1 measurement. Thus, the requirements of terminal device 210 may be met.

[0097] On the other side of the communication, the terminal device 210 receives 314 the activation command 312. The terminal device 210 may further perform an activation procedure of the secondary cell.

[0098] In some example embodiments, instead, Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device 210 may determine 315 whether at least one layer 3 measurement result of the secondary cell is available at the terminal device 210. In some example embodiments, the layer 3 measurement result(s) may be determined based on intra-frequency measurements performed in a deactivated secondary cell and / or during activation of the secondary cell. In some example embodiments, the layer 3 measurement result(s) may be determined based on inter-frequency measurements performed before the cell is configured as a secondary cell.

[0099] In some example embodiments, a usable layer 3 measurement may be a layer 3 measurement that meets certain measurement and / or accuracy requirements under measurement conditions, or in some examples, may be referred to as a valid layer 3 measurement.

[0100] Continue to refer Figure 3 , the terminal device 210 determines 320 at least one measurement result of the secondary cell. In some example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result is available, the at least one measurement result is at least one layer 3 measurement result. In some other example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available, the at least one measurement result is a measurement result obtained during the cell detection phase.

[0101] Continue to refer Figure 3 , the terminal device 210 performs 330 a layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0102] Specifically, in some example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result of a secondary cell is available at the terminal device 210, the terminal device 210 may perform layer 1 measurements based on the at least one layer 3 measurement result without the cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

[0103] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 may determine an activation step in the activation process of the secondary cell based on whether at least one layer 3 measurement result of the secondary cell is available. Specifically, if at least one layer 3 measurement result of the secondary cell is available, the cell detection phase may be skipped, and the terminal device 210 may perform layer 1 measurement without performing cell detection.

[0104] In some embodiments, the measurement can be based on the SSB. Note that one SSB consists of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) / secondary synchronization signal (SSS) block and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block. The cell detection of the terminal device 210 is performed in two parts. First, the terminal device 210 reads the PSS block to obtain synchronization of the symbol boundary, and also confirms the primary cell ID (PCID) contained in the PSS. Secondly, the terminal device 210 reads the PBCH block to obtain the master information block (MIB) information. If the terminal device 210 successfully decodes the PBCH by using the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits, the terminal device 210 declares the "cell detected" state for the L3 measurement that measures the RX signal strength of the SSB block. In the present disclosure, skipping cell detection can mean that the terminal device 210 only obtains the symbol boundary by reading the PSS (depending on the UE implementation) for further L1 measurements. This means that the network device 220 does not force the terminal device 210 to read the PBCH block for the SCell activation process because the terminal device 210 is not required to report the cell detection status or L3 measurement. Therefore, the cell detection phase can be skipped and the communication will not be affected.

[0105] In some example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result of the secondary cell is available, the terminal device 210 may perform layer 1 measurements without a cell detection phase. In some examples, the layer 1 measurements performed at the terminal device 210 may be conventional layer 1 measurements. For example, the layer 1 measurements may refer to those described in Table 1 above. In some other examples, the layer 1 measurements performed at the terminal device 210 may be reduced layer 1 measurements (fast layer 1 measurements). In some examples, the time length of the reduced layer 1 measurements is shorter than that of the conventional layer 1 measurements. In some examples, the layer 1 measurements may also be skipped. The terminal device 210 may determine the layer 1 measurement results by applying a compensation factor (e.g., a predefined refinement factor) to the layer 3 measurement results of the secondary cell.

[0106] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements based on one of the following conditions: a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is not below a threshold, capability information has been sent to the network device, the capability information indicates whether the terminal device supports reduced layer 1 measurements, an activation command from the network device indicates permission for the terminal device to be allowed to perform reduced layer 1 measurements, or an indication that the terminal device is to perform reduced layer 1 measurements based on a scaling factor or a predefined refinement factor. In some embodiments, if one of these conditions is met, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements during the activation process of the secondary cell.

[0107] In some examples, if the terminal device 210 has the capability to perform reduced layer 1 measurements, e.g., the capability information 302 indicates that the terminal device 210 supports reduced layer 1 measurements, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements. In some examples, if the activation command 312 indicates that the terminal device 210 is allowed to perform reduced layer 1 measurements, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements. In some examples, if the channel conditions are good, e.g., the SNR is not lower than a threshold value (such as 2 dB), the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements.

[0108] In some other examples, if the terminal device 210 does not intend to perform conventional layer 1 measurements, or the terminal device 210 is able to compensate for potential performance degradation, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements during the activation procedure of the secondary cell.

[0109] In some embodiments, reduced layer 1 measurements (fast layer 1 measurements) may be performed on at least one beam for a secondary cell. In some examples, at least one beam may be based on a UE RX beam, for example, there are N=8 UE RX beams. In some examples, at least one beam may be derived from at least one layer 3 measurement result. In some examples, the number of at least one beam may be denoted as M.

[0110] In some example embodiments, the reduced layer 1 measurement may be performed on multiple beams. In some examples, the number of multiple beams may be based on: the number of detectable SSBs based on at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, the detectable SSB may be a detectable SSB in the latest intra-frequency measurement result in the deactivated secondary cell. It should be understood that the term "detectable" may refer to specification TS 38.133 Section 9.2.2, and therefore will not be repeated here.

[0111] In some examples, the multiple beams may be based on: a number of SSBs associated with a number of measurable CSI-RS resources based on at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, the measurable CSI-RS resources may be measurable CSI-RS resources in a case where CSI-RS-based measurements are configured in a deactivated secondary cell. It should be understood that the term "measurable" may refer to section 9.10.2 of specification TS 38.133, and is therefore not repeated here.

[0112] In some examples, the number of multiple beams can be based on: a first predefined number of best SSBs based on at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, the first predefined number can be represented as X1, the terminal device 210 can determine X1 best measurement results from the at least one layer 3 measurement result, and the terminal device 210 can also determine the first predefined number of best SSBs corresponding to the X1 best measurement results. In other words, the reduced layer 1 measurement can be performed on the X1 best measurement SSBs.

[0113] In some examples, the number of multiple beams may be based on: a second predefined number of best CSI-RS resources based on at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, the first predefined number may be represented as Y1, the terminal device 210 may determine Y1 best measurement results from at least one layer 3 measurement result, and the terminal device 210 may also determine a second predefined number of best CSI-RS resources corresponding to the Y1 best measurement results. In other words, the reduced layer 1 measurement may be performed based on the Y1 best measured CSI-RS resources.

[0114] In some examples, the number of multiple beams can be based on: the number of SSBs in which at least one layer 3 measurement result is greater than a first threshold. For example, the terminal device 210 can determine one or more measurement results above the first threshold from the at least one layer 3 measurement result, and the terminal device 210 can also determine the SSBs corresponding to the one or more measurement results. Assume that the determined number of SSBs can be expressed as X2. In other words, the reduced layer 1 measurement can be performed based on X2 measured SSBs above the first threshold.

[0115] In some examples, the number of multiple beams can be based on: the number of CSI-RS resources in which at least one layer 3 measurement result is greater than a second threshold. For example, the terminal device 210 can determine one or more measurement results above the second threshold from the at least one layer 3 measurement result, and the terminal device 210 can also determine the CSI-RS resources corresponding to the one or more measurement results. Assume that the determined number of CSI-RS resources can be represented as Y2. In other words, the reduced layer 1 measurement can be performed based on Y2 measured CSI-RS resources above the first threshold.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first predefined number (X1) and the second predefined number (Y1) may be the same number, and the first threshold and the second threshold may be the same threshold, but the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0117] Therefore, reduced layer 1 measurements can be performed on fewer beams and activation delays can be reduced. In some embodiments, one SSB or CSI-RS on which layer 1 measurements are performed may also be referred to as a measurement sample (or samples). As described above, the number of samples used for reduced layer 1 measurements may be represented as M, where M is an integer.

[0118] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 may determine a plurality of beams. For example, the number of the plurality of beams (M) is greater than the minimum required number of beams described with reference to the capability information 302 described above. For example, the number of the plurality of beams (M) is determined based on a scaling factor (K) included in the activation command. For example, the terminal device 210 may determine M=N / K, where K is an integer greater than 1, such as K=4. For example, the terminal device 210 may determine a plurality of beams based on spatial information associated with a source reference signal, such as an SSB or a CSI-RS.

[0119] In some example embodiments, terminal device 210 may determine a layer 1 measurement result from at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, terminal device 210 may compare at least one layer 3 measurement result with a predefined refinement factor (defined by N refine =(N) to obtain the layer 1 measurement result without additional layer 1 measurement. Therefore, the terminal device 210 can refine the beam used for layer 1 measurement based on the beam used for layer 3 measurement. In some embodiments, the predefined refinement factor (N) refine ) may be determined by the terminal device 210 based on UE implementation. The predefined refinement factor may take into account the antenna gain margin between the coarse beam and the refined beam at the UE.

[0120] In some example embodiments, the reduced layer 1 measurement may be performed on a specific beam, that is, the number of at least one beam on which the reduced layer 1 measurement is performed may be 1. For example, the specific beam may correspond to an SSB having the best result in at least one layer 3 measurement result. For example, the beam may correspond to a CSI-RS having the best result in at least one layer 3 measurement result.

[0121] For example, if CSI-RS-based L3 measurement is configured on the secondary cell to be activated, the reduced layer 1 measurement can be performed on the beam corresponding to the best CSI-RS-based measurement result, because it is assumed that the CSI-RS-based L3 measurement is performed using the same search engine as the layer 1 measurement. The terminal device 210 can determine the best result of at least one layer 3 measurement result, and determine the best CSI-RS associated with the best result, for example, the best result is obtained by measuring the best CSI-RS. The terminal device 210 can also determine the beam corresponding to the best CSI-RS, and therefore the terminal device 210 can perform the reduced layer 1 measurement on the beam corresponding to the best CSI-RS.

[0122] It should be understood that in some scenarios, the terminal device 210 may not require fine layer 1 measurements, but instead use wide beam-based layer 3 measurements. In this case, there is no need to perform narrow beam-based layer 1 measurements to activate unknown SCells. Therefore, the activation process can be simplified and delays can be reduced. Compared to the traditional activation process of measuring layer 1 measurements on all reference signals (potential beams) configured for layer 1 measurements, the reduced layer 1 measurements in some embodiments of the present disclosure are now limited to only a portion of the reference signals, such as the best CSI-RS (beam), thereby speeding up beam reporting.

[0123] As described above, if at least one layer 3 measurement result is available, the cell detection phase may be skipped.In some other example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available at the terminal device 210, the terminal device 210 may perform cell detection.

[0124] Specifically, in some other example embodiments, if at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available, the terminal device 210 may perform layer 1 measurement based on at least one measurement result determined in the cell detection phase. In some examples, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurement and cell detection in parallel.

[0125] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 may perform reduced layer 1 measurements based on one of the following conditions: a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is not below a threshold, capability information has been sent to the network device, the capability information indicates whether the terminal device supports fast cell activation and / or reduced layer 1 measurements, an activation command from the network device indicates permission for the terminal device to perform fast cell activation or reduced layer 1 measurements, or an indication that the terminal device is to perform reduced layer 1 measurements based on a predefined refinement factor. In some embodiments, if one of these conditions is met, the terminal device 210 may perform fast cell activation and / or reduced layer 1 measurements during the activation process of the secondary cell.

[0126] In some embodiments, reduced layer 1 measurements (fast layer 1 measurements) may be performed on at least one beam for a secondary cell. In some examples, at least one beam may be based on a UE RX beam, for example, there are N=8 UE RX beams. In some examples, at least one beam may be derived from at least one layer 3 measurement result. In some examples, the number of at least one beam may be denoted as M.

[0127] In some embodiments, the terminal device 210 may determine at least one beam based on one or more of the following items: the number of detectable SSBs based on at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs associated with the number of measurable CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, a first predefined number of best measured SSBs based on at least one measurement result, a second predefined number of best measured CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs on which at least one measurement result is greater than a first threshold, the number of CSI-RS resources on which at least one measurement result is greater than a second threshold, or the number of beams selected from the full beams used for at least one measurement result.

[0128] For example, layer 1 measurements may be performed on multiple beams determined based on the number of detectable SSBs in measurements during the cell detection phase, that is, multiple beams may be determined based on detectable SSBs in intra-frequency measurement results during cell detection. In some examples, multiple beams may be based on a predefined number of SSB / CSI-RS resources with the best measurements during the cell detection phase. In some examples, multiple beams may be based on multiple SSB / CSI-RS resources whose associated measurements during the cell detection phase are above a threshold.

[0129] In some embodiments, the layer 1 measurement result may be based on at least one measurement result obtained during the cell detection phase and / or a predefined refinement factor (N refine ). For example, the layer 1 measurement result may be determined by multiplying at least one measurement result obtained in the cell detection phase by a predefined refinement factor.

[0130] Note that the measurement objects of layer 1 measurement and measurements in cell detection may not be set in two separate time periods. Specifically, the receive beam selection performed by the terminal device 210 during different measurement periods is transparent to the network device 220. In other words, the UE RX beam selection behavior still depends on the UE implementation.

[0131] For example, the measurement in cell detection is: 8*Trs, where

[0132] If the terminal device 210 has been provided with the SMTC configuration for the SCell in the SCell add message, Trs is the SMTC period of the activated SCell, otherwise Trs is the SMTC configured in measObjectNR, which has the same SSB frequency and subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0133] For example, layer 1 measures: N*T SSB ,in

[0134] T SSB =ssb-periodicityServingCell is the periodicity of the SSB index, where N=8 is always used for RX beam scanning.

[0135] However, the network device 220 is not required to report measurements during the cell detection phase, so the terminal device 210 does not need to perform a separate measurement sweep for layer 1 measurements after cell detection during the SMTC window allocated to the SCell. Instead, the terminal device can use the measurements during the cell detection phase to refine the layer 1 measurement beams. The same N=8 beam sweeps are not required, instead, a predefined refinement factor (N refine ) to determine the layer 1 measurement beam for secondary cell activation. In some examples, the predefined refinement factor (N refine ) is associated with the capabilities of the terminal device 210, for example, N refine <8, and the terminal device 210 can use a predefined refinement factor (N refine ) performs reduced layer 1 measurements as part of cell detection. In some examples, the predefined refinement factor (N refine ) may also be referred to as an L3-based refined Rx setting factor, but the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0136] In some other embodiments, the reduced layer 1 measurement may be performed on a specific beam. For example, the specific beam may correspond to the SSB having the best result in at least one measurement result determined in the cell detection phase. For example, the specific beam may correspond to the CSI-RS having the best result in at least one measurement result determined in the cell detection phase.

[0137] Therefore, the terminal device 210 can perform the SCell activation process by skipping the cell detection phase and / or by performing reduced layer 1 measurements, so that the length of the activation process can be shortened and the delay can be reduced.

[0138] Continue to refer Figure 3Alternatively or additionally, terminal device 210 may send 340 a measurement report 342 to network device 220. In some example embodiments, measurement report 342 may indicate a layer 1 measurement result. In some example embodiments, measurement report 342 may also indicate one or more of the following: whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on a full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurement result is based, whether configured SSBs or configured CSI-RS resources are measured, or whether the layer 1 measurement is a reduced (or fast) layer 1 measurement or a traditional layer 1 measurement. In some embodiments, measurement report 342 may indicate whether a cell activation procedure for a secondary cell is a fast cell activation or a traditional cell activation.

[0139] In some examples, the terminal device 210 may report whether the layer 1 measurement is performed on all beams or on some smaller number of beams. In some examples, the terminal device 210 may indicate that the layer 1 report is based on a reduced layer 1 measurement or a traditional layer 1 measurement. In some examples, for SSB or CSI-RS resources configured for layer 1 measurement, the terminal device 210 may indicate whether the configured SSB or CSI-RS resource is measured. For example, a special value in the measurement report may be used to indicate whether a particular SSB or CSI-RS resource is measured.

[0140] In some other examples, the measurement report may also indicate that the terminal device 210 is to perform additional layer 1 measurements based on a predefined refinement factor. Thus, the terminal device 210 may indicate whether it will (or needs to) perform additional layer 1 measurements (such as additional reduced layer 1 measurements) for possible beam refinement.

[0141] Based on reference Figure 3 With the described embodiments, the cell detection phase may be skipped and / or reduced layer 1 measurements may be performed during the activation procedure, and thus the activation procedure may be shorter in length and delays may be reduced.

[0142] In the present disclosure, layer 1 measurement may also be referred to as L1 measurement, L1-RSRP measurement, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited in this respect. In some example embodiments, the secondary cell to be activated may be a FR2 unknown SCell.

[0143] In the present disclosure, fast cell activation may refer to a process for activating a cell (such as an SCell) by at least one of the following items: no cell detection phase, a fast / reduced layer 1 measurement phase, no layer 1 measurement phase, a fast / reduced layer 1 measurement within the cell detection phase, and so on.

[0144] Figure 4AAn example process 410 is illustrated in which a terminal device has layer 3 measurement results for a FR2 unknown SCell according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 410 involves a terminal device 210 (eg, UE) and a network device 220 providing a PCell and a SCell.

[0145] like Figure 4A As shown, the terminal device 210 is in a connected mode (UE connected mode) and is configured with carrier aggregation including PCell and SCell. The SCell is configured but in a deactivated state. The network device 220 may send a measurement configuration to the terminal device 210, and thus the terminal device 210 may perform L3 measurements 414. Specifically, the UE in connected mode may perform intra-frequency measurements on the deactivated SCell. For example, the L3 measurements may be based on multiple SSBs from the network device 220.

[0146] The network device 220 sends an SCell activation command to the terminal device 210. Therefore, the terminal device 210 may perform the SCell activation process 416. As shown in 416, it can be understood that the SCell is an unknown FR2 cell for the network device 220 because no L3 measurement report is sent to the network device 220 after 414. However, the terminal device 210 has valid L3 measurements when the SCell is activated.

[0147] In some example embodiments, network device 220 may indicate permission for reduced L1-RSRP measurement in SCell activation (Fast SCell Activation). In some example embodiments, SCell activation may optionally indicate an allowed number of samples (denoted by N1) for L1-RSRP measurement.

[0148] During the SCell activation process 416, the terminal device 210 finds that it has valid intra-frequency measurements when the SCell is activated, so it can skip cell detection and directly perform L1-RSRP measurements. Based on the available intra-frequency measurements, reduced L1-RSRP measurements are allowed, but the number of samples should not be lower than the indicated N1 (if any) from the network device 220.

[0149] The terminal device 210 sends an L1-RSRP report, which may indicate whether the report is based on a reduced L1-RSRP measurement or a conventional L1-RSRP measurement. The network device 220 may then configure or activate CSI-RS for channel measurement, TCI activation, and SP-CSI-RS activation, such as Figure 4A In addition, the terminal device 210 may send a CSI report to the network device 220, where the CSI report indicates the end of the SCell activation.

[0150] Therefore, if the UE has acquired valid intra-frequency measurements in a deactivated SCell, the UE is allowed to skip cell detection when the SCell is activated and directly perform L1-RSRP measurements based on the available intra-frequency measurements.

[0151] Figure 4B An example process 420 is illustrated in which a terminal device has no layer 3 measurement results for a FR2 unknown SCell according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 420 involves a terminal device 210 (eg, UE) and a network device 220 providing a PCell and a SCell.

[0152] like Figure 4B As shown, the terminal device 210 is in a connected mode (UE connected mode). The network device 220 may send a measurement configuration to the terminal device 210, but the terminal device 210 has not yet performed L3 measurement or obtained a valid L3 measurement result.

[0153] Network device 220 sends a SCell activation command to terminal device 210. Thus, terminal device 210 may perform SCell activation procedure 426. In some example embodiments, network device 220 may indicate permission for reduced L1-RSRP measurement in SCell activation (fast SCell activation). In some example embodiments, SCell activation may optionally indicate an allowed number of samples (denoted by N1) for L1-RSRP measurement.

[0154] As shown in 426, it can be understood that the SCell is a FR2 unknown cell for the network device 220. During the SCell activation process 426, the terminal device 210 needs to detect the SCell first, and the L1-RSRP measurement 429 can be performed within the cell detection 428 or in parallel with the cell detection 428 because there is no valid L3 measurement result.

[0155] The terminal device 210 sends an L1-RSRP report, which may indicate whether the report is based on a reduced L1-RSRP measurement or a conventional L1-RSRP measurement. The network device 220 may then configure or activate CSI-RS for channel measurement, TCI activation, and SP-CSI-RS activation, such as Figure 4B In addition, the terminal device 210 may send a CSI report to the network device 220, where the CSI report indicates the end of the SCell activation.

[0156] Alternatively, the terminal device 210 may indicate its capability to support parallel L1-RSRP measurements (ie reduced L1 measurements) during the cell detection phase.Finally, by eliminating the L1-RSRP measurement delay, the SCell activation delay may be reduced.

[0157] Therefore, if the terminal device does not have any valid layer 3 measurements when the SCell is activated, it is allowed to perform L1-RSRP measurements based on measurements during the cell detection phase.

[0158] In many scenarios, a terminal device (such as a UE) may have recently been measuring a deactivated SCell, because the UE needs to perform intra-frequency measurements as specified in TS 38.133 Section 9.2.5. At the time of activation, the UE may have obtained valid intra-frequency measurements based on the SSB and / or CSI-RS resources in the SCell to be activated, although the report cannot be sent because the UE may not be allowed to transmit in the deactivated SCell. Therefore, SCell activation in an unknown SCell in FR2 can be discussed separately.

[0159] In some cases, when the SCell is initially configured and activated, there can be two cases: (1) If the UE has been configured with inter-frequency measurements on the SCell, the UE has already obtained L3 measurements on the target SCell, so the SCell is detected. (2) If the UE has not yet measured the target SCell, it must start with cell detection and perform L1-RSRP from scratch as currently specified in the FR2 unknown condition. Only in this very special case (2) is a very long activation delay required.

[0160] In other cases, if a SCell has been activated and becomes deactivated, when the SCell is activated again, the UE needs to perform intra-frequency measurements in the deactivated SCell. Since the measurements are based on meascycleSCell, detection and good measurements of the SCell can be maintained, so that cell detection is not required at activation.

[0161]

[0162] When activating a FR2 unknown SCell, it is observed that cell detection and L1-RSRP measurements are not always mandatory. Taking into account the measurements available at the UE, the activation steps can be further refined, thereby optimizing the activation delay.

[0163] The above-mentioned various embodiments of the present disclosure may partially affect the current specifications. For example, in view of the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present disclosure, the current specifications TS 38.133 in RAN4 and TS 38.3311 in RAN 2 may be updated as follows (underlined).

[0164] If the PCell / PSCell and the target SCell are configured for FR1-FR2 CA, or if the PCell / PSCell and the target SCell are located in a FR2 band pair with independent beam management and the UE is unaware of the target SCell, and semi-persistent CSI-RS is used for CSI reporting, as long as the side conditions If satisfied, then T activation_time for:

[0165] - If the UE supports fast activation capability and has valid measurements of the activated SCell, 6ms+ T L1-RSRP,measure +T L1-RSRP,report +T HARQ +max(T uncertainty_MAC +T FineTiming +2ms,T uncertainty_SP ) ;

[0166] - If the UE supports fast activation capability and there is no valid measurement of the activated SCell, 6ms+ T FirstSSB_MAX +15*T SMTC_MAX +8*T rs +T L1-RSRP,report +T HARQ +max(T uncertainty_MAC +T FineTiming +2ms, T uncertainty_SP ) ;

[0167] - otherwise , 6ms+T FirstSSB_MAX +15*T SMTC_MAX +8*T rs +T L1-RSRP,measure +T L1-RSRP,report +T HARQ +max(T uncertainty_MAC +T FineTiming +2ms,T uncertainty_SP ).

[0168] If the PCell / PSCell and the target SCell are configured for FR1-FR2 CA, or if the PCell / PSCell and the target SCell are located in a FR2 band pair with independent beam management and the UE is unaware of the target SCell, and periodic CSI-RS is used for CSI reporting, as long as the side conditions If satisfied, then T activation_time for:

[0169] - If the UE supports fast activation capability and has valid measurements of the activated SCell, 3ms+ T L1-RSRP,measure +T L1-RSRP,report +max{(T HARQ +T uncertainty_MAC +5ms+T FineTiming ),(T uncertainty_RRC + T RRC_delay )} .

[0170] - If the UE supports fast activation capability and there is no valid measurement of the activated SCell, 3ms+ T FirstSSB_MAX + 15*T SMTC_MAX + 8*T rs +T L1-RSRP,measure +T L1-RSRP,report +max{(T HARQ + T uncertainty_MAC +5ms+ T FineTiming ),(T uncertainty_RRC +T RRC_delay )} .

[0171] - otherwise, 3ms+T FirstSSB_MAX +15*T SMTC_MAX +8*T rs +T L1-RSRP,measure +T L1-RSRP,report +max{(T HARQ +T uncertainty_MAC +5ms+T FineTiming),(T uncertainty_RRC +T RRC_delay )}.

[0172] in

[0173] Based on the applicability of the definition in clause 9.5, assuming M = 1, T L1-RSRP,measure Delay T for L1-RSRP measurement L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_SSB ms or T L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_CSI-RS If the UE supports reduced activation capability and has valid measurements of the activated SCell, the scaling factor N may be applied. refine To reduce the L1-RSRP measurement delay T L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_SSB ms or T L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_CSI-RS .

[0174] - Table 9.5.4.1-2: Measurement period T for FR2 L1-RSRP_Measurement_Period_SSB

[0175]

[0176] Figure 5 500 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, reference will be made to Figure 2 The method 500 is described from the perspective of the terminal device 210 .

[0177] At block 510, the terminal device 210 determines at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device during an activation procedure of the secondary cell.At block 520, the terminal device 210 performs layer 1 measurements of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0178] In some example embodiments, terminal device 210 determines whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is available for the secondary cell during an activation procedure of the secondary cell. If at least one layer 3 measurement result is available, terminal device 210 determines that the at least one measurement result is at least one layer 3 measurement result. Terminal device 210 performs layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result without requiring a cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

[0179] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 determines whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is available for the secondary cell during an activation procedure of the secondary cell. If the at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available, the terminal device 210 determines at least one measurement result during a cell detection phase of the activation procedure. The terminal device 210 performs layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result during the cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

[0180] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 performs fast layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell on at least one beam.

[0181] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 determines at least one beam based on one or more of the following items: the number of detectable SSBs based on at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs associated with the number of measurable CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, a first predefined number of best measured SSBs based on at least one measurement result, a second predefined number of best measured CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs on which at least one measurement result is greater than a first threshold, the number of CSI-RS resources on which at least one measurement result is greater than a second threshold, or the number of beams selected from the full beams used for at least one measurement result.

[0182] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 receives at least one of spatial information or a scaling factor associated with a reference signal from a network device for use in determining at least one beam.

[0183] In some example embodiments, at least one of the spatial information or the scaling factor is received in an activation command for an activation process.

[0184] In some example embodiments, terminal device 210 performs fast layer 1 measurement on a beam corresponding to an SSB having a best result in at least one measurement result.

[0185] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 performs a fast layer 1 measurement based on the at least one measurement result and a predefined refinement factor.

[0186] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 performs fast layer 1 measurements based on at least one of the following conditions: a signal-to-noise ratio is not less than a threshold, capability information has been sent to the network device, the capability information indicating whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurements, an activation command from the network device indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements, or an indication that the terminal device is to perform fast layer 1 measurements based on a predefined refinement factor.

[0187] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 sends capability information to the network device, the capability information indicating at least one of whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurements, a predefined refinement factor, or a minimum required number of beams for fast layer 1 measurements.

[0188] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 210 sends a measurement report to the network device, which indicates at least one of the following items: a layer 1 measurement result on a secondary cell, whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on a full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurement result is based, whether a configured SSB or a configured CSI-RS resource is measured, or whether the layer 1 measurement is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0189] Figure 6 A flowchart 600 of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. For discussion purposes, reference will be made to Figure 2 Method 600 is described from the perspective of network device 220 .

[0190] At block 610, the network device 220 sends an activation command to a terminal device in the primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to be allowed to perform fast activation and / or fast layer 1 measurements during an activation procedure of the secondary cell. At block 620, the network device 220 receives a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0191] In some example embodiments, the measurement report also indicates at least one of: a layer 1 measurement result on a secondary cell, whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on a full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurement result is based, or whether a configured SSB or a configured CSI-RS resource is measured.

[0192] In some example embodiments, the network device 220 receives capability information from the terminal device indicating at least one of whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurements, a predefined refinement factor, or a minimum required number of beams for fast layer 1 measurements.

[0193] In some example embodiments, the activation command also includes at least one of: spatial information associated with a reference signal for the terminal device to determine at least one beam for fast layer 1 measurement; or a scaling factor for the terminal device to determine at least one beam for fast layer 1 measurement.

[0194] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of executing method 500 (e.g., terminal device 210) may include a component for executing the corresponding steps of method 500. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module.

[0195] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for determining at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device during an activation procedure of the secondary cell; and means for performing layer 1 measurements of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result.

[0196] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is available for the secondary cell. The means for determining at least one measurement result for the secondary cell comprises: means for determining that the at least one measurement result is at least one layer 3 measurement result if the at least one layer 3 measurement result is available. The means for performing layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell comprises: means for performing layer 1 measurements based at least in part on the at least one measurement result without requiring a cell detection phase of an activation procedure.

[0197] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is available for the secondary cell. The means for determining at least one measurement result for the secondary cell comprises: means for determining at least one measurement result during a cell detection phase of an activation procedure if at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available. The means for performing layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell comprises: means for performing layer 1 measurements based at least in part on the at least one measurement result during the cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

[0198] In some example embodiments, means for performing layer 1 measurements includes means for performing fast layer 1 measurements on at least one beam for the secondary cell.

[0199] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further includes: a component for determining at least one beam based on at least one of the following items: a number of detectable SSBs based on at least one measurement result, a number of SSBs associated with a number of measurable CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, a first predefined number of best measured SSBs based on at least one measurement result, a second predefined number of best measured CSI-RS resources based on at least one measurement result, a number of SSBs on which at least one measurement result is greater than a first threshold, a number of CSI-RS resources on which at least one measurement result is greater than a second threshold, or a number of beams selected from the full beams used for at least one measurement result.

[0200] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for receiving at least one of spatial information or a scaling factor associated with a reference signal from a network device to determine at least one beam.

[0201] In some example embodiments, at least one of the spatial information or the scaling factor is received in an activation command for an activation process.

[0202] In some example embodiments, means for performing layer 1 measurements includes means for performing fast layer 1 measurements on a beam corresponding to an SSB having a best result in the at least one measurement.

[0203] In some example embodiments, means for performing layer 1 measurements comprises means for performing fast layer 1 measurements based on at least one measurement and a predefined refinement factor.

[0204] In some example embodiments, the component for performing fast layer 1 measurement results includes: a component for performing fast layer 1 measurement based on at least one of the following conditions: a signal-to-noise ratio is not less than a threshold, capability information has been sent to the network device, the capability information indicating whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurement, an activation command from the network device indicating that the terminal device is allowed to perform fast layer 1 measurement, or an indication that the terminal device will perform fast layer 1 measurement based on a predefined refinement factor.

[0205] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a component for sending capability information to a network device, the capability information indicating at least one of: whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurements, a predefined refinement factor, or a minimum required number of beams for fast layer 1 measurements.

[0206] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a component for sending a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report indicating at least one of: a layer 1 measurement result on a secondary cell, whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on a full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurement result is based, whether a configured SSB or a configured CSI-RS resource is measured, or whether the layer 1 measurement is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0207] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing method 600 (e.g., network device 220) may include components for performing the corresponding steps of method 600. The components may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the components may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module.

[0208] In some example embodiments, the apparatus includes: a component for sending an activation command at a network device to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating that the terminal device is allowed to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation process of a secondary cell; and a component for receiving a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether the layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is a fast layer 1 measurement.

[0209] In some example embodiments, the measurement report also indicates at least one of: a layer 1 measurement result on a secondary cell, whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on a full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurement result is based, or whether a configured synchronization signal block (SSB) or a configured channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource is measured.

[0210] In some example embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a component for receiving capability information from a terminal device, the capability information indicating at least one of whether the terminal device supports fast layer 1 measurements, a predefined refinement factor, or a minimum required number of beams for fast layer 1 measurements.

[0211] In some example embodiments, the activation command also includes at least one of: spatial information associated with a reference signal for the terminal device to determine at least one beam for rapid layer 1 measurement, or a scaling factor for the terminal device to determine at least one beam for rapid layer 1 measurement.

[0212] Figure 7 A simplified block diagram of a device 700 suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. The device 700 may be provided to implement a communication device, such as Figure 2 The terminal device 210 or the network device 220 is shown. As shown in the figure, the device 700 includes one or more processors 710, one or more memories 720 coupled to the processor 710, and one or more communication modules 740 coupled to the processor 710.

[0213] The communication module 740 is used for two-way communication. The communication module 740 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface required for communication with other network elements.

[0214] Processor 710 may be of any type suitable for the local technology network, and may include, as non-limiting examples, one or more of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Device 700 may have multiple processors, such as application specific integrated circuit chips that are time slaved to a clock synchronized with a main processor.

[0215] The memory 720 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 724, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, compact disk (CD), digital video disk (DVD), and other magnetic storage devices and / or optical storage devices. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 722 and other volatile memories that do not persist during power outages.

[0216] The computer program 730 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 710. The program 730 may be stored in the ROM 724. The processor 710 may perform any suitable actions and processes by loading the program 730 into the RAM 722.

[0217] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by a program 730, so that the device 700 may execute the reference Figure 3-Figure 6 Any process of the present disclosure discussed. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0218] In some example embodiments, the program 730 may be tangibly embodied in a computer-readable medium that may be included in the device 700 (such as in the memory 720) or in other storage devices accessible to the device 700. The device 700 may load the program 730 from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 722 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any type of tangible non-volatile memory, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc.

[0219] Figure 8 800 according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer readable medium 800 has the program 730 stored thereon. It should be noted that although the computer readable medium 800 is stored in Figure 8 Although depicted in the form of a CD or DVD, computer readable medium 800 may be in any other form suitable for carrying or storing program 730.

[0220] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented using hardware or dedicated circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented using hardware, while other aspects may be implemented using firmware or software that may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other graphical representations, it should be understood that, as non-limiting examples, the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuits or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0221] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer executable instructions, such as instructions included in a program module, which are executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor to perform the above reference Figure 5 to Figure 6 Any of the methods described in . Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or split between program modules as needed. The machine executable instructions of program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules can be located in both local and remote storage media.

[0222] The program code for executing the method of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device so that the program code is implemented when executed by the processor or controller in the flow chart and / or the block diagram. The program code can be executed completely on the machine, partially on the machine, as an independent software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or completely on a remote machine or server.

[0223] In the context of the present disclosure, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, etc.

[0224] Computer readable medium can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. Computer readable medium can include but is not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer readable storage medium will include electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer floppy disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term "non-transient" used herein is a restriction on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, rather than signal), rather than a restriction on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM and ROM).

[0225] In addition, although the operations are described in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the particular order shown or in order or performing all the operations shown to obtain the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather descriptions of features that may be specific to a particular embodiment. Certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0226] Although the disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it should be understood that the disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features or acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A terminal device, comprising: at least one processor; as well as At least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: During an activation process of a secondary cell, determining at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device; and Based at least in part on the at least one measurement result, performing layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell.

2. The terminal device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is applicable to the secondary cell; Based on determining that the at least one layer 3 measurement result is available, determining that the at least one measurement result is the at least one layer 3 measurement result; and Based at least in part on the at least one measurement result, the layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell are performed without a cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

3. The terminal device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is applicable to the secondary cell; determining the at least one measurement result within a cell detection phase of the activation procedure based on determining that the at least one layer 3 measurement result is not available; and The layer 1 measurements of the secondary cell are performed based at least in part on the at least one measurement result within the cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

4. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to perform the layer 1 measurement result in at least the following manner: A fast layer 1 measurement is performed on at least one beam for the secondary cell.

5. The terminal device according to claim 4, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to determine the at least one beam based on at least one of the following: a number of detectable synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) based on the at least one measurement result, a number of SSBs associated with a number of measurable channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources based on the at least one measurement result, a first predefined number of best measured SSBs based on the at least one measurement result, a second predefined number of best measured CSI-RS resources based on the at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs on which the at least one measurement result is greater than a first threshold, the number of CSI-RS resources on which the at least one measurement result is greater than a second threshold, or The number of beams selected from the full beams for the at least one measurement.

6. The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: At least one of spatial information associated with a reference signal or a scaling factor is received from a network device for use in determining the at least one beam. 7 . The terminal device according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one of the spatial information or the scaling factor is received in an activation command for the activation process.

8. The terminal device of claim 4, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to perform the rapid layer 1 measurement results by at least: The fast layer 1 measurement is performed on a beam corresponding to an SSB having a best result among the at least one measurement result.

9. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to perform the layer 1 measurement in at least the following manner: Based on the at least one measurement result and a predefined refinement factor, a fast layer 1 measurement is performed.

10. The terminal device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to perform the fast layer 1 measurement based on at least one of the following conditions: The signal-to-noise ratio is not lower than the threshold, capability information has been sent to a network device, the capability information indicating whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, an activation command from the network device indicating permission for the terminal device to perform the fast layer 1 measurements, or An indication that the terminal device is to perform the fast layer 1 measurement based on a predefined refinement factor.

11. The terminal device according to claim 10, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least send capability information to the network device, the capability information indicating at least one of the following items: whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, The predefined refinement factor, or The minimum required number of beams for the fast layer 1 measurement.

12. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least send a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report indicating at least one of the following items: The layer 1 measurement result on the secondary cell, Whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on the full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurements are based, Whether the configured SSB or configured CSI-RS resource is measured, or Whether the layer 1 measurement is a fast layer 1 measurement.

13. A network device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device to at least: sending an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation procedure of a secondary cell; as well as A measurement report is received from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether a layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is the fast layer 1 measurement.

14. The network device of claim 13, wherein the measurement report further indicates at least one of the following: The layer 1 measurement result on the secondary cell, Whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on the full beam, The number of beams on which the layer 1 measurements are based, or Whether the configured synchronization signal block (SSB) or the configured channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources are measured.

15. The network device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device to at least receive capability information from the terminal device, the capability information indicating at least one of the following items: whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, Predefined refinement factors, or The minimum required number of beams for the fast layer 1 measurement.

16. The network device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the activation command further comprises at least one of the following items: spatial information associated with a reference signal for use by the terminal device in determining at least one beam for the fast layer 1 measurement, or A scaling factor for use by the terminal device in determining the at least one beam for the fast layer 1 measurement.

17. A method comprising: At a terminal device, during an activation process of a secondary cell, determining at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device; as well as Based at least in part on the at least one measurement result, performing layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell.

18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising: determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is applicable to the secondary cell; Wherein determining the at least one measurement result of the secondary cell comprises: based on determining that the at least one layer 3 measurement result is available, determining that the at least one measurement result is the at least one layer 3 measurement result; and The performing the layer 1 measurement includes: performing the layer 1 measurement on the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result without a cell detection phase of the activation procedure.

19. The method according to claim 17, further comprising: determining whether at least one layer 3 measurement result is applicable to the secondary cell; Wherein determining the at least one measurement result of the secondary cell comprises: determining the at least one measurement result in a cell detection phase of the activation process based on determining that the at least one layer 3 measurement result is unavailable; and The performing of the layer 1 measurement comprises: performing the layer 1 measurement of the secondary cell based at least in part on the at least one measurement result in the cell detection phase of the activation process.

20. The method of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein performing the layer 1 measurement comprises: A fast layer 1 measurement is performed on at least one beam for the secondary cell.

21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising: The at least one beam is determined based on at least one of: a number of detectable synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) based on the at least one measurement result, a number of SSBs associated with a number of measurable channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources based on the at least one measurement result, a first predefined number of best measured SSBs based on the at least one measurement result, a second predefined number of best measured CSI-RS resources based on the at least one measurement result, the number of SSBs on which the at least one measurement result is greater than a first threshold, the number of CSI-RS resources on which the at least one measurement result is greater than a second threshold, or The number of beams selected from the full beams for the at least one measurement.

22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising: At least one of spatial information associated with a reference signal or a scaling factor is received from a network device for use in determining the at least one beam.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one of the spatial information or the scaling factor is received in an activation command for the activation process.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein performing the rapid layer 1 measurement comprises: The fast layer 1 measurement is performed on a beam corresponding to an SSB having a best result among the at least one measurement result.

25. The method of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein performing the rapid layer 1 measurement comprises: Based on the at least one measurement result and a predefined refinement factor, a fast layer 1 measurement is performed.

26. The method of any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein performing the rapid layer 1 measurement comprises: The fast layer 1 measurement is performed based on at least one of the following conditions: The signal-to-noise ratio is not lower than the threshold, capability information has been sent to a network device, the capability information indicating whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, an activation command from the network device indicating permission for the terminal device to perform the fast layer 1 measurements, or An indication that the terminal device is to perform the fast layer 1 measurement based on a predefined refinement factor.

27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising: Send capability information to the network device, where the capability information indicates at least one of the following: whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, The predefined refinement factor, or The minimum required number of beams for the fast layer 1 measurement.

28. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 27, further comprising: Sending a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report indicating at least one of the following: The layer 1 measurement result on the secondary cell, Whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on the full beam, the number of beams on which the layer 1 measurements are based, Whether the configured SSB or configured CSI-RS resource is measured, or Whether the layer 1 measurement is a fast layer 1 measurement.

29. A method comprising: At a network device, sending an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation procedure of a secondary cell; as well as A measurement report is received from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether a layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is the fast layer 1 measurement.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the measurement report further indicates at least one of: The layer 1 measurement result on the secondary cell, Whether the layer 1 measurement result is based on the full beam, The number of beams on which the layer 1 measurements are based, or Whether the configured synchronization signal block (SSB) or the configured channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources are measured.

31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, further comprising: Capability information is received from the terminal device, the capability information indicating at least one of the following items: whether the terminal device supports the fast layer 1 measurement, Predefined refinement factors, or The minimum required number of beams for the fast layer 1 measurement.

32. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the activation command further comprises at least one of the following: spatial information associated with a reference signal for use by the terminal device in determining at least one beam for the fast layer 1 measurement, or A scaling factor for use by the terminal device in determining the at least one beam for the fast layer 1 measurement.

33. An apparatus comprising: Means for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28.

34. An apparatus comprising: Means for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 29 to 32.

35. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28 or any one of claims 29 to 32.

36. A computer program comprising instructions stored thereon for at least performing a method according to any one of claims 17 to 28, or any one of claims 29 to 32.

37. A computer-readable medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed by a device, cause the device to at least perform the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28 or any one of claims 29 to 32.

38. An apparatus comprising means for performing: During an activation process of a secondary cell, determining at least one measurement result of the secondary cell at the terminal device; and Based at least in part on the at least one measurement result, performing layer 1 measurements on the secondary cell.

39. An apparatus comprising means for performing: sending an activation command to a terminal device in a primary cell, the activation command indicating permission for the terminal device to perform fast layer 1 measurements during an activation procedure of a secondary cell; and A measurement report is received from the terminal device, the measurement report indicating whether a layer 1 measurement performed at the terminal device is the fast layer 1 measurement.

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