Film-covering water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid region

Abstract

The invention provides an arid region sandy soil afforestation film mulching water-saving application method. The afforestation film-mulching water-saving application method for sandy soil in the arid region comprises the steps of a, selecting a plant variety which adapts to arid climate and is drought-enduring, performing afforestation and improving the moisture retention capacity and stress resistance of soil, and b, covering a tree planting region with a biodegradable film which is made of natural fibers and an environment-friendly plastic composite material and has high water permeability, so that the film can be applied to afforestation of sandy soil in the arid region. C, soil in the film mulching area is improved, and humus organic fertilizer, compound microbial fertilizer and mineral modifier are applied, so that the structure of the soil is improved, and the moisture retention capacity and permeability of the soil are enhanced. According to the afforestation film mulching water-saving application method for the sandy soil in the arid region, a biodegradable film material is adopted, the negative influence of a traditional plastic film on the soil and the ecological environment in the degradation process is avoided, the biodegradable film can be completely degraded within 2-3 years, and long-term pollution to the soil is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil afforestation film mulching water saving, in particular to an application method of soil afforestation film mulching water saving in arid sandy soil areas. Background Art

[0002] "The application method of afforestation and mulching water-saving in sandy soil in arid areas" is a comprehensive measure to improve the water retention capacity of sandy soil in arid areas by combining afforestation, mulching and water-saving technologies. Its basic structure includes three parts: first, select drought-tolerant plants that adapt to arid environments for afforestation, improve soil structure through plant roots, and enhance soil water retention capacity; second, use permeable membranes to cover the root area of ​​plants to reduce water evaporation and wind erosion and maintain soil moisture; finally, combine with efficient water-saving irrigation systems such as drip irrigation or micro-spraying to accurately control the use of water sources and ensure that plants get enough water during growth. This system reduces water evaporation, improves the soil moisture environment, and promotes healthy plant growth, thereby improving the ecological recovery capacity of the land.

[0003] However, despite the advantages of this method in terms of water conservation and plant growth, there are still several drawbacks in its application. The long-term use of mulching materials may cause environmental pollution, especially the negative impact of plastic film on soil and ecology during degradation. This method is not adaptable to different types of sandy soils and has limited effect in areas with severe desertification or poor soil quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas by covering with plastic film, which solves the problem of negative impact of plastic film on soil and ecology during degradation, and has limited effect on areas with severe desertification or poor soil quality.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: A water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas, comprising:

[0006] a. Select plant species that are adapted to arid climates and are drought-resistant and carry out afforestation to improve the soil’s water retention capacity and stress resistance;

[0007] b. Cover the tree planting area with a biodegradable film made of a natural fiber and environmentally friendly plastic composite material, which has high water permeability and can be completely degraded within 2 to 3 years;

[0008] c. Improve the soil in the film-covered area by applying humus organic fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers and mineral conditioners to improve the soil structure and enhance its water retention capacity and permeability;

[0009] d. An intelligent temperature control fiber layer is set on the film layer. The intelligent temperature control fiber can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to the external temperature changes, avoid excessive evaporation of water, and improve the fluctuation of soil temperature;

[0010] e. Configure drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation system, use soil moisture sensors and climate data forecasting system to accurately adjust water usage and avoid water waste;

[0011] f. Set up an integrated management and monitoring system to monitor soil moisture, plant growth and climate data in real time, and automatically adjust the irrigation volume and the working status of the temperature-controlled fiber layer according to real-time data to ensure the healthy growth of soil and plants;

[0012] g. Test the soil regularly and make appropriate soil improvements based on the test results to continuously optimize soil structure and improve water retention capacity.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the biodegradable film is 0.02 mm to 0.1 mm, the degradation time is 2 to 3 years, and no long-term pollution is caused to the soil after degradation. The application amount of the humus organic fertilizer is 500-800 kg per mu, the application amount of the compound microbial fertilizer is 50-100 kg per mu, and the application amount of the mineral improver is 100-200 kg per mu.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent temperature-control fiber layer is made of a thermodeformable polymer material, which can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to external temperature changes and adapt to high temperature or cold environment.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the intelligent temperature control fiber layer is 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm, and it has good tensile strength and the ability to adapt to harsh environments. The drip irrigation or micro-spray irrigation system irrigates 50-150 cubic meters per hectare each time based on data provided by a soil moisture sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the humidity sensor is installed around the root system of each plant, and the irrigation system is intelligently adjusted according to the soil moisture conditions fed back by the humidity sensor. The management and monitoring system is based on the Internet of Things technology, collects soil moisture and climate forecast data in real time, and analyzes them through a cloud computing platform to automatically generate an irrigation plan.

[0017] Preferably, the drought-tolerant plant varieties include Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica, drought-tolerant shrubs, and plants with strong local adaptability. The goal of the soil improvement is to increase the organic matter content of sandy soil to 3% to 5%, and ensure that the soil's water retention capacity continues to improve through long-term management.

[0018] Preferably, the intelligent temperature-control fiber layer can control the temperature of the soil surface between 20°C and 30°C in summer, and control the temperature of the soil surface between 5°C and 10°C in winter.

[0019] Preferably, the density of the plants is 1500-2000 plants per hectare to ensure soil coverage and vegetation survival rate.

[0020] The present invention provides a water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The water-saving application method of afforestation film covering on sandy soil in arid areas adopts biodegradable film materials to avoid the negative impact of traditional plastic films on the soil and ecological environment during the degradation process. The biodegradable film can be completely degraded within 2 to 3 years, will not cause long-term soil pollution, and meets the requirements of sustainable development. At the same time, the intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer of the present invention can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to temperature changes, reduce water evaporation in high temperature seasons, and retain moisture in low temperature seasons. This innovative temperature control design allows the soil to maintain an optimal humidity state, significantly improves the soil's water retention capacity, and avoids the waste that may be caused by traditional water-saving methods. In addition, the precise control of the drip irrigation or micro-spray irrigation system makes the amount of water for each irrigation more reasonable and efficient, avoids the waste of water resources, and further improves the water-saving effect.

[0022] This technical solution significantly improves the structure of sandy soil, increases the organic matter content of soil, and continuously improves its water retention capacity by applying humus organic fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers, and mineral improvers. In addition, the selected drought-tolerant plants have strong local adaptability and can grow stably in different types of sandy soils, especially in areas with severe desertification or poor soil quality. Regular soil testing and corresponding improvement measures ensure the long-term optimization of soil quality, so that this technical solution not only effectively improves the soil's water retention capacity in the short term, but also has the ability to continuously improve and manage in the long term. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a comparison of soil moisture changes in different groups of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a comparison of the growth heights of plants in different groups of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas by mulching, including: a. selecting plant varieties that are adapted to arid climates and are drought-resistant and carrying out afforestation to improve the water retention capacity and stress resistance of the soil. Drought-resistant plant varieties include Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica, drought-resistant shrubs, and plants with strong local adaptability. The goal of soil improvement is to increase the organic matter content of sandy soil to 3% to 5%, and ensure that the water retention capacity of the soil is continuously improved through long-term management.

[0028] b. Cover the tree planting area with biodegradable film, which is made of natural fiber and environmentally friendly plastic composite material, has high water permeability and can be completely degraded within 2 to 3 years. The thickness of the biodegradable film is 0.02 mm to 0.1 mm, and the degradation time is 2 to 3 years. After degradation, it will not cause long-term pollution to the soil. The application rate of humus organic fertilizer is 500-800 kg per mu, the application rate of compound microbial fertilizer is 50-100 kg per mu, and the application rate of mineral improver is 100-200 kg per mu.

[0029] c. Improve the soil in the film-covered area by applying humus organic fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers and mineral improvers to improve the soil structure and enhance its water retention capacity and permeability.

[0030] d. An intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer is set on the covering layer. The intelligent temperature-controlled fiber can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to the external temperature changes, avoid excessive evaporation of water, and improve the fluctuation of soil temperature. The intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer adopts thermotropic polymer material, which can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to the external temperature changes and adapt to high temperature or cold environment. The thickness of the intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer is 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm, and it has good tensile strength and the ability to adapt to harsh environments. The drip irrigation or micro-spray irrigation system is based on the data provided by the soil moisture sensor. The water volume for each irrigation is 50-150 cubic meters / hectare. The humidity sensor is installed around the root system of each plant. The irrigation system is intelligently adjusted according to the soil moisture status fed back by the humidity sensor. The management and monitoring system is based on the Internet of Things technology, collects soil moisture and climate forecast data in real time, and analyzes it through the cloud computing platform to automatically generate an irrigation plan. The intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer can control the temperature of the soil surface between 20℃-30℃ in summer and between 5℃-10℃ in winter.

[0031] e. Configure drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation system, use soil moisture sensors and climate data forecasting system to accurately adjust water usage and avoid wasting water resources.

[0032] f. Set up an integrated management and monitoring system to monitor soil moisture, plant growth and climate data in real time, and automatically adjust the irrigation volume and the working status of the temperature-controlled fiber layer according to the real-time data to ensure the healthy growth of soil and plants. The plant density is 1500-2000 plants per hectare to ensure soil coverage and vegetation survival rate.

[0033] g. Test the soil regularly and make appropriate soil improvements based on the test results to continuously optimize soil structure and improve water retention capacity.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] This experimental example aims to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the water-saving application method of mulching in arid sandy soil afforestation. The experiment explores the water-saving effect and soil improvement ability in the sandy soil environment of arid areas by selecting plant varieties adapted to arid climates, using biodegradable films, improving soil, setting up intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layers, and configuring drip irrigation systems.

[0036] 1. Experimental Location and Materials

[0037] The experimental site was selected in a sandy soil area in an arid region, where the annual precipitation is less than 250 mm and the soil type is sandy soil. Plant species adapted to the climate were selected, including Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica, and drought-tolerant shrubs. The materials used in the experiment include:

[0038] Biodegradable film: made of natural fiber and environmentally friendly plastic composite material, with a thickness of 0.05 mm and a degradation time of 2 years.

[0039] Intelligent temperature control fiber layer: made of thermotropic polymer material, 0.03 mm thick and with tensile strength.

[0040] Humus organic fertilizer: 500 kg per mu.

[0041] Compound microbial fertilizer: 60 kg per mu.

[0042] Mineral conditioner (bentonite): 150 kg per mu.

[0043] Drip irrigation system: equipped with soil moisture sensors and climate data forecasting system, the irrigation water volume is 50-150 cubic meters per hectare.

[0044] 2. Experimental Design

[0045] This experiment adopts a comparative test design and divides the experimental area into three groups:

[0046] Group 1: Experimental group (implementing the method of the present invention), including plant planting, biodegradable film covering, soil improvement, intelligent temperature control fiber layer setting, drip irrigation system and other measures.

[0047] Group 2: Control group A (plant planting and drip irrigation only), without the use of biodegradable membrane and intelligent temperature control fiber layer.

[0048] Group 3: Control group B (plant planting and biodegradable film covering), without the use of intelligent temperature control fiber layer and drip irrigation system.

[0049] Each group covers an area of ​​10 hectares and the experiment lasts for two years.

[0050] 3. Experimental Procedure

[0051] Plant planting: Select drought-resistant plant species such as Elaeagnus angustifolia and Populus euphratica, and plant them at a density of 1,500 plants per hectare.

[0052] Soil improvement: One month before planting trees, improve the sandy soil according to the above-mentioned amounts of fertilizers and mineral improvers.

[0053] Biodegradable film covering: The experimental group and the control group B area were covered with biodegradable film with a thickness of 0.05 mm, which was covered on the soil surface to reduce water evaporation.

[0054] Setting of intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer: An intelligent temperature-controlled fiber layer was set on the biodegradable film in the experimental group area to control the soil surface temperature and water permeability.

[0055] Installation of drip irrigation system: A drip irrigation system was installed in area A of the experimental group and the control group. Soil moisture sensors were installed near the root system of each plant. The irrigation system intelligently adjusted the irrigation amount according to the humidity sensor data.

[0056] Data monitoring: Use IoT technology and cloud computing platforms to monitor soil moisture, plant growth conditions, climate data, etc. in real time and automatically generate irrigation plans.

[0057] Regular inspection and improvement: Test the soil every quarter and adjust soil improvement measures based on the test results to ensure continuous optimization of soil structure and water retention capacity.

[0058] 4. Experimental Data Collection

[0059] Soil moisture content: Soil moisture sensors are used to sample soil moisture in different groups every month and record soil moisture changes.

[0060] Plant growth data: Measure plant height, breast diameter, leaf area index (LAI) and other growth indicators every quarter.

[0061] Water consumption: Record irrigation water usage and evaluate water use efficiency by calculating evaporation and irrigation water usage.

[0062] Soil organic matter content: Soil organic matter content is sampled and analyzed every year to evaluate the soil improvement effect.

[0063] 5. Experimental Results

[0064] Water conservation effect: The soil moisture content in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group A and control group B. Especially in the dry season, the soil moisture reduction rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the other groups.

[0065] Plant growth: The plants in the experimental group grew faster and had a higher survival rate, especially under the effect of sandy soil improvement and intelligent temperature control layer, the root system of the plants developed better and the leaf area index increased by about 15%.

[0066] Water resource conservation: Compared with the control group A, the drip irrigation system of the experimental group was able to control the water source more accurately, reducing the amount of irrigation water by 20-30%, achieving significant water-saving effects.

[0067] Soil improvement effect: The soil organic matter content in the experimental group increased to 4%, which was about 2% higher than that in the control groups A and B, indicating that the soil improvement measures were effective.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-saving application method for afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas, characterized in that: include: a. Select plant species that are adapted to arid climates and are drought-resistant and carry out afforestation to improve the soil’s water retention capacity and stress resistance; b. Cover the tree planting area with a biodegradable film made of a natural fiber and environmentally friendly plastic composite material, which has high water permeability and can be completely degraded within 2 to 3 years; c. Improve the soil in the film-covered area by applying humus organic fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers and mineral conditioners to improve the soil structure and enhance its water retention capacity and permeability; d. An intelligent temperature control fiber layer is set on the film layer. The intelligent temperature control fiber can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to the external temperature changes, avoid excessive evaporation of water, and improve the fluctuation of soil temperature; e. Configure drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation system, use soil moisture sensors and climate data forecasting system to accurately adjust water usage and avoid water waste; f. Set up an integrated management and monitoring system to monitor soil moisture, plant growth and climate data in real time, and automatically adjust the irrigation volume and the working status of the temperature-controlled fiber layer according to real-time data to ensure the healthy growth of soil and plants; g. Test the soil regularly and make appropriate soil improvements based on the test results to continuously optimize soil structure and improve water retention capacity.

2. The water-saving application method of afforestation film covering on sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The biodegradable film has a thickness of 0.02 mm to 0.1 mm and a degradation time of 2 to 3 years. It does not cause long-term pollution to the soil after degradation. The application amount of the humus organic fertilizer is 500-800 kg per mu, the application amount of the compound microbial fertilizer is 50-100 kg per mu, and the application amount of the mineral improver is 100-200 kg per mu.

3. The water-saving application method of afforestation film covering in sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The intelligent temperature-control fiber layer adopts a thermotropic polymer material, which can adjust the water permeability of the soil surface according to the external temperature change and adapt to high temperature or cold environment.

4. The water-saving application method of afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the intelligent temperature control fiber layer is 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm, and it has good tensile strength and the ability to adapt to harsh environments. The drip irrigation or micro-spray irrigation system irrigates 50-150 cubic meters per hectare each time based on data provided by a soil moisture sensor.

5. The water-saving application method of afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The humidity sensor is installed around the root system of each plant, and the irrigation system is intelligently adjusted according to the soil moisture conditions fed back by the humidity sensor. The management and monitoring system is based on the Internet of Things technology, collects soil moisture and climate forecast data in real time, and analyzes them through the cloud computing platform to automatically generate an irrigation plan.

6. The water-saving application method of mulching film for afforestation in sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drought-tolerant plant varieties include Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica, drought-tolerant shrubs, and plants with strong local adaptability. The goal of the soil improvement is to increase the organic matter content of sandy soil to 3% to 5%, and ensure that the soil's water retention capacity continues to improve through long-term management.

7. The water-saving application method of afforestation film covering in sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The intelligent temperature-control fiber layer can control the temperature of the soil surface between 20°C and 30°C in summer and between 5°C and 10°C in winter.

8. The water-saving application method of afforestation of sandy soil in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The density of the plants is 1500-2000 plants per hectare, ensuring soil coverage and vegetation survival rate.

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