Planting structure and method suitable for slope shrub and grass garden landscape

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting structure and method suitable for a slope shrub and grass garden landscape, the planting structure comprises an original soil layer arranged in an arc-shaped slope, and a water collecting pipe layer, a permeable structure layer, a strengthening and reinforcing layer and a planting layer which are sequentially arranged on the original soil layer from bottom to top, and the planting layer is divided into a first step, a second step and a third step from top to bottom; a plurality of iron wire meshes are vertically inserted into the surface of the planting layer in a staggered arrangement mode, flow dividing grooves are formed in the planting layer in the slope surface direction, and transverse irrigation drainage ditches are formed in the connecting position between the first-stage step and the second-stage step and the connecting position between the second-stage step and the third-stage step in the direction perpendicular to the slope surface. A drainage ditch is formed in the top of the arc-shaped slope, and a supporting baffle perpendicular to the slope is arranged on the inner side of the drainage ditch. The problems that according to traditional slope garden planting, due to uneven nutrient and moisture supply, vegetation growth and development are limited, and the greening effect and the landscape effect are poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gardening and greening, and in particular to a planting structure and method suitable for slope grass and shrub gardening. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, green space is increasingly squeezed. Slope landscaping has gradually become an important ecological protection and construction project in municipal garden construction, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of urban ecology. The construction of slope garden landscape can improve the ecological environment, reduce environmental pollution, optimize residents' living space, and improve people's quality of life. However, there are still some technical and management problems in the construction of slope garden landscape, resulting in unsatisfactory results. For example, the slope stability decreases due to factors such as gravity and water erosion of the soil; the uneven supply of nutrients and water limits the growth and development of vegetation, resulting in poor greening and landscape effects; and the quality of the lawn decreases due to inadequate maintenance in the later stage. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of slope soil erosion leading to decreased stability and uneven nutrient and water supply leading to decreased survival rate during the construction of slope garden landscape, the present invention proposes a planting structure and method suitable for slope shrub and grass garden landscape. The various structural layers of the slope are set to a substantially consistent arc slope, and the planting structure includes an original soil layer, a water collection pipe layer, a permeable structural layer, a reinforced reinforcement layer and a planting layer. In rainy seasons, excess rainwater enters the water collection pipe layer through the permeable structural layer for unified collection and reuse, thereby reducing slope runoff; the reinforced reinforcement layer combines biological reinforcement with physical reinforcement, making full use of filamentous cyanobacteria to cement soil particles and wire mesh to physically fix and protect the stability of the soil layer. The planting layer ensures the slope landscaping effect by improving the soil, setting diversion troughs, supporting baffles, and combining shrub and grass planting.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a planting structure suitable for slope grass garden landscape, including an original soil layer arranged on an arc-shaped slope, and a water collection pipe layer, a permeable structure layer, a reinforced reinforcement layer, and a planting layer arranged on the original soil layer from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the original soil layer, the permeable structure layer, the reinforced reinforcement layer, and the planting layer all maintain a similar arc-shaped slope, the water collection pipe layer is arranged in the permeable structure layer, the water collection pipe layer includes a large water collection pipe arranged vertically on the slope and arranged in the middle and upper part of the arc-shaped slope, and a small water collection pipe arranged in the lower part of the arc-shaped slope, the large water collection pipe and the small water collection pipe are provided with water permeable holes at the top and the upper half of the side close to the top of the slope, the large water collection pipe and the small water collection pipe are provided with connected drainage pipes at both ends, and the reinforced reinforcement layer includes a diamond iron layer laid on the upper and lower sides. The invention relates to a wire mesh and a biological reinforcement layer laid between the diamond wire meshes, the planting layer is divided into a first step, a second step and a third step from top to bottom, a plurality of wire meshes are vertically inserted into the surface of the planting layer in a staggered arrangement, a diversion trough is arranged on the planting layer along the slope direction, the diversion trough includes PVC baffles adjacent to the soil layer on both sides, a fine sand and gravel layer laid at the bottom, and a SAF fiber absorbent cotton layer laid on the fine sand and gravel layer, a horizontal irrigation drainage ditch is arranged perpendicular to the slope direction at the connection between the first step and the second step, and between the second step and the third step, the irrigation drainage ditch is in a gentle U-shape and has a depth lower than the diversion trough, a drainage ditch is arranged on the top of the arc slope, and a supporting baffle perpendicular to the slope is arranged on the inner side of the drainage ditch.

[0005] The angle between the tangent line of the first step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α1, the angle between the tangent line of the second step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α2, and the angle between the tangent line of the third step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α3, where 0.42≤sinα1<0.87, 0.17≤sinα2≤0.42, and 0<sinα3<0.17.

[0006] The arc surface structure dimensions of the arc slope are: the straight-line distance from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope is L, the vertical distance from the top of the slope to the horizontal plane of the ground is H, and the vertical distance from the slope tangent point O to L is r, where H is 1.5 to 2.5 m, 2≤L / H≤4, and L / r≤20.

[0007] Preferably, the permeable structural layer is divided from the boundary line where the bottom of the large water collecting pipe intersects with the middle and upper part of the original soil layer to the lower edge of the second step, the dividing surface to the top of the slope is the first permeable structural layer, and the dividing surface to the foot of the slope is the second permeable structural layer. The first permeable structural layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 10 to 20 mm, and the second permeable structural layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 2 to 10 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the large water collecting pipe is 12-18 cm, the diameter of the small water collecting pipe is 8-12 cm, the number of the large water collecting pipes is 1-2, the spacing between the small water collecting pipes is 0.5-1.5 m, and the large water collecting pipes and small water collecting pipes are respectively arranged in the first permeable structural layer and the second permeable structural layer.

[0009] Preferably, the mesh has an aperture of 5 to 6 cm, a depth reaching the middle of the reinforcement layer and below, a front-to-back and left-to-right spacing of 1 to 2 m, and the top of the mesh is at the same level as the surface of the planting layer.

[0010] Preferably, the diverter groove includes a first diverter groove located in the middle of the planting layer, passing through the first step, the second step, the third step and parallel to the slope, and a second diverter groove symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter groove. The second diverter groove starts from the diverter groove at the intersection of the first diverter groove and the lower edge of the first step, extends upward to the front 1 / 4 position of the slope, then extends downward to the front 1 / 8 position of the lower edge of the slope of the first step, then extends downward to the front 1 / 4 position of the lower edge of the slope of the second step, and ends at the intersection of the first diverter groove and the lower edge of the slope of the third step.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of pores are arranged at intervals of 80 to 100 cm at the lower edge of the PVC baffle in the diversion trough near the edge, and the twisted cylindrical absorbent cotton is passed through the pores to connect the inside and outside of the diversion trough, one end of the cylindrical absorbent cotton in the diversion trough is placed between the fine sand and gravel layer and the SAF fiber absorbent cotton, and the cylindrical absorbent cotton outside the diversion trough is located on the surface of the planting layer.

[0012] Preferably, the gap between the support baffle and the top of the slope is filled with filamentous cyanobacteria liquid, the support baffle is a light-transmitting material with a height of 20 to 30 cm, and the support baffle has a V-shaped groove with a width of 1.5 to 2 cm on the side facing away from the slope; a strip of absorbent cotton is placed at the connection between the drainage ditch and the lower edge of the support baffle, one end of the strip of absorbent cotton is connected to the drainage ditch, and the other end of the strip of absorbent cotton is placed on the surface of the planting layer.

[0013] Preferably, the gravel in the water-permeable structural layer is cleaned before use, and then the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent and the crushed rock wool are mixed, wherein the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent and the crushed rock wool are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1 and the weight is 20-50 g / m 2 The mixture is evenly spread on the gravel surface according to the standard; the biological reinforcement layer is: humus formed by crushing and composting dead leaves and branches in the garden, and then adding the humus to the soil at a mass ratio of original soil: humus = 3:1; the planting layer is improved soil, and the improved soil is original soil: crushed dead branches and leaves: AM fungi: filamentous cyanobacteria powder in a mass ratio of 4:4:1:1.

[0014] Preferably, the biological reinforcement layer also includes the step of injecting a biological reinforcement nutrient solution: using a large syringe syringe equipped with a 10-15 cm long needle, the biological reinforcement nutrient solution is injected into the soil of the reinforced layer from the same injection point from a direction perpendicular to the ground and a direction parallel to the ground, the above two injections are a group, one group is injected every 60-100 cm along the slope direction, and one group is injected every 100-200 cm in the direction perpendicular to the slope, and the active ingredient of the biological reinforcement nutrient solution is filamentous cyanobacteria solution.

[0015] Preferably, a layer of waterproof geomembrane is laid on the surface of the original soil layer, and the water collecting pipe layer is arranged on the upper side of the waterproof geomembrane.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a planting method suitable for slope shrub and grass gardening, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) constructing the planting structure;

[0018] (2) Treating the soil of the planting layer: Mix the original soil and crushed dead branches and leaves, dry them in the sun, add filamentous cyanobacteria powder, spray an appropriate amount of water-soluble slow-release fertilizer and mix them evenly again. After there is no large amount of residual water on the surface of the improved soil, most of the improved soil is re-laid on the planting layer, leaving a small part of the improved soil for later use;

[0019] (3) AM fungal agent and grass seed coating were respectively applied at 15 g / m 2 and 25g / m 2 The standard is mixed evenly and spread evenly on the surface of the planting layer, and then the reserved small part of the improved soil is placed on the mixture of AM fungal agent and grass seed coating, wherein the grass seed coating agent comprises the following raw materials in weight ratio, mixed and dried: 500 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 150 parts of garden waste powder, 100 parts of water retaining agent polyacrylamide, 5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.4-1 part of plant growth hormone;

[0020] (4) When planting grass seeds in spring, diversion troughs and irrigation drains are set up simultaneously, and irrigation nozzles are placed;

[0021] (5) When the grass seeds grow into a lawn and tend to be stable, start transplanting shrubs in the first step area on the top of the slope. The size and depth of the tree hole need to be larger than the shrub soil ball. After the transplanting is completed, vegetation bags are piled up around the roots of the shrubs within a diameter of 1 meter to serve as transplanting shrub planting troughs; 2 / 3 of the upper vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs are placed in the planting layer, and 1 / 3 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer, and 1 / 2 of the lower vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs are placed in the planting layer, and 1 / 2 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer. At the same time, herbaceous flowering plants are planted on the surface of the vegetation bags, wherein the vegetation bags are double-layer vegetation bags, the inner layer of the vegetation bags is filled with conventional planting matrix, and the outer layer of the vegetation bags is added with conventional planting matrix, water retaining agent and slow-release fertilizer in a volume ratio of 4:1:1.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The planting structure of the present invention is set as an arc-shaped slope. Compared with the straight slope, the slope can be slowed down as a whole except for the top, thereby reducing soil and water loss caused by water erosion.

[0024] (2) In rainy seasons, excess rainwater enters the water collection pipe layer through the permeable structure layer and is collected and reused in a unified manner, which can reduce slope runoff and slope waterlogging, avoid flooding of local garden plants, and achieve microcirculation of garden water.

[0025] (3) The planting structure of the present invention makes full use of the characteristics of filamentous cyanobacteria that can effectively wrap and entangle with the soil and cement soil particles, and the AM fungi infect the root system to form a huge mycelium network, so that the soil inside the slope can form a relatively stable spatial network structure; at the same time, combined with the physical reinforcement effect of wire mesh in different aspects, the purpose of fixing the slope and reducing collapse is achieved.

[0026] (4) The planting structure of the present invention solves the problems of traditional slope garden planting, such as uneven supply of nutrients and water, which restricts vegetation growth and development, and leads to poor greening and landscape effects, by improving the soil of the planting layer, using grass seeds for coating, improving the planting troughs for transplanting shrubs, increasing intelligent management of nutrients and water, and diverting rainwater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the curved slope;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planting structure;

[0030] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the location range of the water collection pipe water holes;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the injection of nutrient solution for biological reinforcement of the reinforcement layer;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a top view of the planting layer surface;

[0033] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the interior of the diversion tank;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a side view of an irrigation drain;

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Original soil layer; 2. Permeable structural layer; 3. Water collecting pipe layer; 3-1. Large water collecting pipe; 3-2. Small water collecting pipe; 4. Strengthening reinforcement layer; 5. Planting layer; 6. Support baffle; 7. Wire mesh; 8. Drainage ditch; 9. Range for setting water permeable holes; 10. Water permeable holes; 11. Syringe; 12. Biological reinforcement nutrient solution; 13. Diversion trough; 14. Irrigation drainage ditch; 15. Planting trough for transplanting shrubs; 16. Shrubs; 17. SAF fiber absorbent cotton layer; 18. PVC baffle; 19. Cylindrical absorbent cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] The present invention provides a planting structure suitable for slope grass gardening, comprising an original soil layer, a water collection pipe layer, a water permeable structure layer, a strengthening and reinforcement layer, and a planting layer. Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the planting structure includes an original soil layer 1 arranged in an arc-shaped slope, and a water-collecting pipe layer 3, a permeable structure layer 2, a reinforced reinforcement layer 4, and a planting layer 5 arranged on the original soil layer 1 from bottom to top. The original soil layer 1, the permeable structure layer 2, the reinforced reinforcement layer 4, and the planting layer 5 all maintain an approximate arc-shaped slope. The water-collecting pipe layer 3 is arranged in the permeable structure layer 2. The water-collecting pipe layer 3 includes a large water-collecting pipe 3-1 arranged in the middle and upper part of the arc-shaped slope and a small water-collecting pipe 3-2 arranged in the lower part of the arc-shaped slope. The large water-collecting pipe 3-1 and the small water-collecting pipe 3-2 are arranged at the top and the upper half of the side close to the top of the slope. The large water-collecting pipe 3-1 and the small water-collecting pipe 3-2 are provided with connected drainage pipes at both ends. The reinforced reinforcement layer 4 includes a diamond wire mesh laid on the upper and lower sides and a paved A biological reinforcement layer is arranged between the diamond wire meshes, and the planting layer 5 is divided into a first step, a second step, and a third step from top to bottom. A plurality of wire meshes 7 are vertically inserted into the surface of the planting layer 5 in a staggered arrangement. A diversion trough 13 is arranged on the planting layer 5 along the slope direction. The diversion trough 13 includes PVC baffles 18 adjacent to the soil layer on both sides, a fine sand and gravel layer laid at the bottom, and a SAF fiber absorbent cotton layer 17 laid on the fine sand and gravel layer. A horizontal irrigation drainage ditch 14 is arranged perpendicular to the slope direction at the connection between the first step and the second step, and between the second step and the third step. The irrigation drainage ditch 14 is in a gentle U-shape and has a depth lower than the diversion trough 13. A drainage ditch 8 is arranged on the top of the arc slope, and a support baffle 7 perpendicular to the slope is arranged on the inner side of the drainage ditch 8.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the planting structure slope is different from the traditional regular straight slope, but adopts an arc slope structure. The arc surface is determined as follows Figure 1 , where P is the arc surface of the slope, L is the straight-line distance from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, H is the vertical distance from the top of the slope to the horizontal plane of the ground, H is 1.5 to 2.5 m high, and r is the vertical distance from the slope tangent point O to L; where the ratio of the straight-line distance L from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope to the vertical distance H from the top of the slope to the horizontal plane of the ground is between 2 and 4, that is, 2≤L / H≤4, and the ratio of the straight-line distance L from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope to the vertical distance r from the slope tangent point O to L is not greater than 20, that is, L / r≤20, which imposes certain restrictions on the slope of the arc slope. The planting structure of the slope grass garden landscape maintains a roughly consistent arc slope slope in each structural layer. Compared with the slope of the straight slope, the arc slope can slow down water scouring and reduce soil erosion as a whole except for the top.

[0040] The original soil layer 1 is the bottom layer. The original slope structure is arranged. Part of the original soil is excavated at the lower position of 1 / 2 of the thickness of the soil layer in the middle of the slope and set aside for use, so that the remaining original soil layer presents a consistent arc slope with the overall structure and is compacted. A layer of waterproof geomembrane is laid on the surface of the original soil layer 1 to maintain the stability of the overall slope base structure.

[0041] The permeable structure layer 2 is located on the upper part of the original soil layer 1, about 30cm, and its main purpose is to facilitate the infiltration and collection of rainwater in rainy seasons. The permeable structure layer 2 consists of two parts. Preferably, the permeable structure layer 2 is divided from the boundary line where the bottom of the large water collection pipe 3-1 intersects with the middle and upper part of the original soil layer 1 to the lower edge of the second step. The dividing surface to the top of the slope is the first permeable structure layer, and the dividing surface to the foot of the slope is the second permeable structure layer. The first permeable structure layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 10 to 20 mm, and the second permeable structure layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 2 to 10 mm. The first permeable structure layer is mainly located in the upper half of the slope and the steeper position of the slope, which can increase the infiltration rate of rainwater and reduce scouring.

[0042] The gravel in the permeable structure layer 2 must be cleaned before use, and the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide and the crushed rock wool are mixed, wherein the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide to the crushed rock wool is 4:1, and the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide is 20-50g / m 2 The mixture is evenly spread on the gravel surface according to the standard. Acrylamide and rock wool can retain some nutrients and water that seep down with the water flow, and in the case of water and nutrient shortage, they will act on the plants again through the mycelium network and capillary action, alleviating the water and nutrient shortage to a certain extent.

[0043] The water collecting pipe layer 3 is located in the permeable structural layer 2, on the upper part of the waterproof geomembrane of the original soil layer 1. The water collecting pipe layer 3 includes a large water collecting pipe 3-1 with a diameter of about 15 cm and several small water collecting pipes 3-2 with a diameter of about 10 cm, which are arranged vertically on the slope. Among them, the large water collecting pipe 3-1 is distributed in the upper middle part of the arc slope, and the number is generally 1 to 2. The small water collecting pipe 3-2 is located at the lower part of the large water collecting pipe 3-1, and the distance between the water collecting pipes is about 1 meter. A number of permeable holes 10 are set on the top of the water collecting pipe layer 3 and the upper half near the top of the slope, that is, within the range of 135° counterclockwise from the center of the water collecting pipe parallel to the ground as the starting line, and the permeable hole setting range is 9 as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, it is convenient to collect water flows from directly above and obliquely above. The large water collecting pipe 3-1 is located in the first permeable structure layer where the gravel pores are large and the rainwater infiltration speed is fast, and it mainly receives rainwater flows from steeper slopes and transition slopes. The small water collecting pipe 3-2 is located in the second permeable structure layer, and it mainly receives rainwater flows from transition slopes, gentle slopes and the first permeable structure layer. A drainage pipe is set at each end of the water collecting pipe to connect with the water collecting pipe, which is convenient for collecting rainwater and used for irrigation in the less rainy season.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the strengthening reinforcement layer 4 is located below the planting layer 5, about 10 to 20 cm, and the biological reinforcement and physical reinforcement are combined. The upper and lower surfaces are paved with diamond wire mesh with a mesh size of 4×4 cm or 5×5 cm. The dead leaves and fallen leaves in the garden are collected, crushed and piled up for composting to form humus, and then the humus is added to the soil at a mass ratio of original soil: humus = 3:1 as a biological reinforcement layer.

[0045] Preferably, the bioreinforcement layer further comprises the step of injecting a bioreinforcement nutrient solution: using a large syringe injector 11 with a 10-15 cm long needle, injecting a bioreinforcement nutrient solution 12 into the soil of the reinforcement layer 4 from the same injection point in a direction perpendicular to the ground and in a direction parallel to the ground, such as Figure 4 As shown. When the needle enters the soil, slowly inject and slowly withdraw at the same time. The above two injections are a group. One group is injected every 60 to 100 cm along the slope, and one group is injected every 100 to 200 cm in the vertical slope direction. The main component of the biological reinforcement nutrient solution 12 is filamentous cyanobacteria liquid. The filamentous cyanobacteria can form an effective wrapping and entanglement with the soil to effectively prevent rain erosion. At the same time, the filamentous cyanobacteria can also secrete polysaccharides, which can effectively cement soil particles, form a spatial network structure, and protect the stability of the soil layer.

[0046] Furthermore, the planting layer 5 is about 30 cm, and the soil of the planting layer 5 also needs to be improved, and the mass ratio of original soil: crushed dead branches and leaves: AM fungi: filamentous cyanobacteria powder is 4:4:1:1. The planting layer 5 is divided into three steps from top to bottom according to the slope. The first step is a steeper slope, and the angle between the tangent of the steeper slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α1. The second step is a transition slope, and the angle between the tangent of the transition slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α2. The third step is a gentle slope, and the angle between the tangent of the gentle slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α3, wherein 0.42≤sinα1<0.87, 0.17≤sinα2≤0.42, and 0<sinα3<0.17.

[0047] A number of wire meshes 7 with a certain hardness are vertically inserted into the surface of the planting layer 5 in a staggered arrangement. The aperture of the wire meshes 7 is 5 to 6 cm, and the depth reaches the middle and below of the strengthening and reinforcement layer 4. The front, back, left and right spacing is 1 to 2 m. The top of the wire meshes 7 is at the same level as the surface of the planting layer 5, which can achieve the effect of connecting the planting layer 5 and the strengthening and reinforcement layer 4 and strengthening the slope surface again.

[0048] The diversion grooves 13 are arranged on the planting layer 5 according to the different slopes of the three steps, and the diversion grooves 13 are mainly arranged along the slope direction. Figure 5As shown, the diverter 13 includes a first diverter located in the middle of the planting layer 5, crossing the first step, the second step, the third step and parallel to the slope, and a second diverter symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter, the second diverter starts from the diverter at the intersection of the first diverter and the lower edge of the first step, extends upward to the front 1 / 4 position of the slope, and then extends downward to the front 1 / 8 position of the lower edge of the first step slope, and then extends downward to the front 1 / 4 position of the lower edge of the second step slope, and ends at the intersection of the first diverter and the lower edge of the third step slope. The number of diverters 13 on the steeper slope is greater than that on the transition slope and the gentle slope, which is of great significance for diverting water flow in the top area of ​​the slope and reducing scouring.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, the width of the diversion trough 13 is about 5 cm, the depth is greater than 5 cm, the soil layers on the left and right sides of the trough are PVC baffles 18, a layer of fine sand and gravel about 1 cm thick is laid on the lower surface, and a layer of SAF fiber absorbent cotton layer 17 is laid on the fine sand and gravel. Preferably, a plurality of holes are set at intervals of 80 to 100 cm at the lower edge of the PVC baffle 18 in the diversion trough 13 near the edge, and the twisted cylindrical absorbent cotton 19 is passed through the holes to connect the inside and outside of the diversion trough 13, one end of the cylindrical absorbent cotton 19 in the diversion trough is placed between the fine sand and gravel layer and the SAF fiber absorbent cotton 17, and the cylindrical absorbent cotton 19 outside the diversion trough 13 is located on the surface of the planting layer 5.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, a transverse irrigation drainage ditch 14 is arranged at the connection of the three steps in the vertical direction of the slope. The irrigation drainage ditch 14 is in a gentle U-shape, narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, with the ditch wall being low at the bottom and high at the top, and the depth of the irrigation drainage ditch 14 is slightly lower than the diversion trough 13. Rainwater in the diversion trough and the irrigation drainage trough is collected in the rainy season, and is used for irrigation after being treated together with the rainwater collected by the water collection pipe, so as to realize the recycling of rainwater, and irrigation nozzles are arranged in the diversion trough and the irrigation drainage trough for garden irrigation.

[0051] Preferably, a drainage ditch 8 is dug along the top of the slope, and a support baffle 7 perpendicular to the slope is set along the inner side of the drainage ditch 8. The gap between the support baffle 7 and the top of the slope is filled with filamentous cyanobacteria liquid to biologically reinforce the top of the slope and cement the soil particles to form a package to reduce soil and water loss on the top of the slope. The support baffle 7 is a light-transmitting material with a height of 20-30 cm, and the baffle has a V-shaped groove with a width of 1.5 to 2 cm on the side facing away from the slope. A number of strip-shaped absorbent cottons are placed at the connection between the drainage ditch 8 and the lower edge of the support baffle 7, one end of which is connected to the drainage ditch 8 and the other end is placed on the surface of the planting layer 5, which can provide moisture for the grass on the top of the slope.

[0052] The planting structure of the present invention is set to an arc slope. Compared with the straight slope, the slope can be slowed down as a whole except for the top, thereby reducing soil erosion caused by water scouring. In rainy seasons, excess rainwater enters the water collection pipe layer through the permeable structure layer for unified collection and reuse, which can reduce slope runoff and waterlogging, avoid flooding of local garden plants, and realize microcirculation of garden water. The planting structure of the present invention makes full use of the characteristics of filamentous cyanobacteria that can effectively wrap and entangle with the soil and cement soil particles, and AM fungi infect the root system to form a huge mycelium network, so that the soil inside the slope can form a relatively stable spatial network structure; at the same time, combined with the physical reinforcement effects of different aspects of the wire mesh, the purpose of fixing the slope and reducing collapse is achieved.

[0053] Based on the planting structure of the present invention, the present invention also provides a planting method suitable for slope shrub and grass gardening, comprising the following steps:

[0054] (1) constructing the planting structure;

[0055] (2) First, the soil of the planting layer 5 is processed. The original soil and the crushed dead branches and leaves are fully mixed and air-dried. After the drying is completed, filamentous cyanobacteria powder is added, and an appropriate amount of water-soluble slow-release fertilizer is sprayed and mixed evenly again. After there is no large amount of residual moisture on the surface of the improved soil, most of the improved soil is re-laid on the planting layer 5, leaving a small part for standby use.

[0056] (3) AM fungal agent and grass seed coating were respectively applied at 15 g / m 2 and 25g / m 2 The standard is mixed evenly and evenly spread on the surface of the planting layer 5, and then the reserved small part of the improved soil is placed on the mixture of AM fungal agent and grass seed coating, wherein the grass seed coating agent includes the following raw materials in a weight ratio and mixed and dried: 500 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 150 parts of garden waste powder, 100 parts of water retaining agent polyacrylamide, 5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.4-1 part of plant growth hormone. After the preparation is completed, it can be dried.

[0057] (4) When planting grass seeds in spring, diversion troughs 13 and irrigation drains 14 are set up simultaneously, and irrigation nozzles are placed. The irrigation nozzles are connected to temperature, humidity, and nutrient sensors, and water and nutrients are supplied in sections according to the temperature, humidity, and nutrient content at different locations. At the same time, irrigation and watering are required when the first planting of spring grass seeds is completed.

[0058] (5) When the grass seeds grow into a lawn and tend to be stable, start transplanting shrubs 16 in the first step area on the top of the slope. The size and depth of the tree hole need to be larger than the shrub soil ball. After the transplanting is completed, vegetation bags are piled up around the roots of the shrubs 16 within a diameter of 1 meter to serve as transplanting shrub planting troughs 15; 2 / 3 of the upper vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs 15 are placed in the planting layer 5, and 1 / 3 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer 5; 1 / 2 of the lower vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs 15 are placed in the planting layer 5, and 1 / 2 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer 5. At the same time, herbaceous flowering plants are planted on the surface of the vegetation bags, wherein the vegetation bags are double-layer vegetation bags, the inner layer of the vegetation bags is filled with conventional planting matrix, and the outer layer of the vegetation bags is added with conventional planting matrix, water retaining agent and slow-release fertilizer in a volume ratio of 4:1:1, which can fix water and nutrients in the shrub transplanting trough to the maximum extent, provide sufficient nutrients and water for garden plants, and improve survival rate and maintenance effect.

[0059] The planting structure of the present invention solves the problems of traditional slope garden planting, such as uneven nutrient and water supply limiting vegetation growth and development, and poor greening and landscape effects, by improving the soil of the planting layer, using grass seeds for coating, improving the planting troughs for transplanting shrubs, increasing nutrient and water intelligent management, and diverting rainwater.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting structure suitable for slope grass gardening, characterized by: The invention comprises an original soil layer (1) arranged in an arc-shaped slope, and a water collecting pipe layer (3), a water permeable structure layer (2), a strengthening and reinforcement layer (4), and a planting layer (5) arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the original soil layer (1); the original soil layer (1), the water permeable structure layer (2), the strengthening and reinforcement layer (4), and the planting layer (5) all maintain a similar arc-shaped slope; the water collecting pipe layer (3) is arranged in the water permeable structure layer (2); the water collecting pipe layer (3) comprises a large water collecting pipe (3-1) arranged in a vertically arranged manner in the middle and upper part of the arc-shaped slope, and a small water collecting pipe (3-2) arranged in the lower part of the arc-shaped slope; the top of the large water collecting pipe (3-1) and the small water collecting pipe (3-2) and the upper half of the side close to the top of the slope are provided with water permeable holes (10); the two ends of the large water collecting pipe (3-1) and the small water collecting pipe (3-2) are provided with connected drainage pipes; the strengthening and reinforcement layer (4) comprises a diamond wire mesh laid on the upper and lower sides to form a water permeable hole (10); and a biological reinforcement layer laid between the diamond wire meshes, the planting layer (5) being divided into a first step, a second step, and a third step from top to bottom, a plurality of wire meshes (7) being vertically inserted into the surface of the planting layer (5) in a staggered arrangement, a diversion trough (13) being provided on the planting layer (5) along the slope direction, the diversion trough (13) comprising PVC baffles (18) adjacent to the soil layer on both sides, a fine sand and gravel layer laid at the bottom, and a SAF fiber absorbent cotton layer (17) laid on the fine sand and gravel layer, a transverse irrigation drainage ditch (14) being provided at the connection between the first step and the second step, and between the second step and the third step, perpendicular to the slope direction, the irrigation drainage ditch (14) being in a gentle U-shape and having a depth lower than the diversion trough (13), a drainage ditch (8) being provided at the top of the arc slope, and a support baffle (7) perpendicular to the slope being provided on the inner side of the drainage ditch (8); The angle between the tangent line of the first step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α1, the angle between the tangent line of the second step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α2, and the angle between the tangent line of the third step slope and the horizontal plane of the ground is α3, wherein 0.42≤sinα1<0.87, 0.17≤sinα2≤0.42, 0<sinα3<0.17; The arc surface structure dimensions of the arc slope are: the straight-line distance from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope is L, the vertical distance from the top of the slope to the horizontal plane of the ground is H, and the vertical distance from the slope tangent point O to L is r, where H is 1.5 to 2.5 m, 2≤L / H≤4, and L / r≤20.

2. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permeable structural layer (2) is divided from the boundary line where the bottom of the large water collecting pipe (3-1) intersects with the middle and upper part of the original soil layer (1) to the lower edge of the second step, the dividing surface to the top of the slope is the first permeable structural layer, and the dividing surface to the foot of the slope is the second permeable structural layer, the first permeable structural layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 10 to 20 mm, and the second permeable structural layer is paved with gravel with a particle size of 2 to 10 mm.

3. The planting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the large water collecting pipe (3-1) is 12 to 18 cm, the diameter of the small water collecting pipe (3-2) is 8 to 12 cm, the number of the large water collecting pipes (3-1) is 1 to 2, the spacing between the small water collecting pipes (3-2) is 0.5 to 1.5 m, and the large water collecting pipe (3-1) and the small water collecting pipe (3-2) are respectively arranged in the first permeable structural layer and the second permeable structural layer.

4. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the wire mesh (7) is 5 to 6 cm, the depth reaches the middle of the reinforcement layer (4) and below, the front and rear left and right spacing is 1 to 2 m, and the top of the wire mesh (7) is at the same level as the surface of the planting layer (5).

5. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter groove (13) comprises a first diverter groove located in the middle of the planting layer (5), passing through the first step, the second step, the third step and parallel to the slope, and a second diverter groove symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter groove, wherein the second diverter groove starts from the diverter groove at the intersection of the first diverter groove and the lower edge of the first step, extends upward to the front 1 / 4 position of the slope, then extends downward to the front 1 / 8 position of the lower edge of the first step slope, then extends downward to the front 1 / 4 position of the lower edge of the second step slope, and ends at the intersection of the first diverter groove and the lower edge of the third step slope.

6. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of pores are provided at intervals of 80 to 100 cm on the lower edge of the PVC baffle (18) in the diversion trough (13) near the edge, and a cylindrical absorbent cotton (19) is passed through the pores to connect the inside and outside of the diversion trough (13). One end of the cylindrical absorbent cotton (19) in the diversion trough is placed between the fine sand and gravel layer and the SAF fiber absorbent cotton (17), and the cylindrical absorbent cotton (19) outside the diversion trough (13) is located on the surface of the planting layer (5).

7. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the support baffle (7) and the top of the slope is filled with filamentous cyanobacteria liquid, the support baffle (7) is a light-transmitting material with a height of 20 to 30 cm, and the support baffle (7) has a V-shaped groove with a width of 1.5 to 2 cm on the side facing away from the slope; a strip of absorbent cotton is placed at the connection between the drainage ditch (8) and the lower edge of the support baffle (7), one end of the strip of absorbent cotton is connected to the drainage ditch (8), and the other end of the strip of absorbent cotton is placed on the surface of the planting layer (5).

8. The planting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gravel in the water-permeable structural layer (2) is cleaned before use, and a polyacrylamide water-retaining agent and crushed rock wool are mixed, wherein the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent and the crushed rock wool are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1, and the weight of the mixture is 20-50 g / m 2 The mixture is evenly spread on the gravel surface according to the standard; the biological reinforcement layer is formed by crushing and composting dead leaves and branches in the garden to form humus, and then adding the humus to the soil at a mass ratio of original soil: humus = 3:1; the planting layer (5) is improved soil, and the improved soil is formed by the mass ratio of original soil: crushed dead branches and leaves: AM fungi: filamentous cyanobacteria powder of 4:4:1:

1.

9. The planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological reinforcement layer also includes the step of injecting biological reinforcement nutrient solution: using a large syringe injector (11) equipped with a 10-15 cm long needle, injecting biological reinforcement nutrient solution (12) into the soil of the reinforcement layer (4) from the same injection point in the direction perpendicular to the ground and parallel to the ground, respectively, the above two injections are a group, one group is injected every 60-100 cm along the slope direction, and one group is injected every 100-200 cm in the direction perpendicular to the slope, and the active ingredient of the biological reinforcement nutrient solution (12) is filamentous cyanobacteria liquid.

10. A planting method suitable for slope grass gardening, characterized by: The steps include: (1) constructing a planting structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; (2) Treating the soil of the planting layer (5): Mix the original soil and crushed dead branches and leaves, dry them in the sun, add filamentous cyanobacteria powder, spray an appropriate amount of water-soluble slow-release fertilizer and mix them evenly again. After there is no large amount of residual water on the surface of the improved soil, most of the improved soil is re-laid on the planting layer, leaving a small part of the improved soil for later use; (3) AM fungal agent and grass seed coating were respectively applied at 15 g / m 2 and 25g / m 2 The standard is mixed evenly and evenly spread on the surface of the planting layer (5), and then the reserved small part of the improved soil is placed on the mixture of AM fungal agent and grass seed coating, wherein the grass seed coating agent comprises the following raw materials in weight ratio, mixed and dried: 500 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 150 parts of garden waste powder, 100 parts of water retaining agent polyacrylamide, 5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.4-1 part of plant growth hormone; (4) When planting grass seeds in spring, diversion troughs (13) and irrigation drains (14) are set up simultaneously, and irrigation nozzles are placed; (5) When the grass seeds grow into a lawn and tend to be stable, shrubs (16) are transplanted in the first step area on the top of the slope. The size and depth of the tree hole are larger than the shrub soil ball. After the transplanting is completed, vegetation bags are piled up around the roots of the shrubs (16) within a diameter of 1 meter to serve as transplanting shrub planting troughs (15); 2 / 3 of the upper vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs (15) are placed in the planting layer (5), and 1 / 3 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer (5); 1 / 2 of the lower vegetation bags of the transplanting shrub planting troughs (15) are placed in the planting layer (5), and 1 / 2 are exposed on the surface of the planting layer (5); and herbaceous flowering plants are planted on the surface of the vegetation bags, wherein the vegetation bags are double-layered vegetation bags, the inner layer of the vegetation bags is filled with conventional planting matrix, and the outer layer of the vegetation bags is added with conventional planting matrix, water retaining agent and slow-release fertilizer in a volume ratio of 4:1:1.

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