Automatic operation and maintenance device and method for rain gauge of hydrometric station

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic operation and maintenance device and method for a rain gauge of a hydrometric station, and solves the problem that a large amount of manpower is consumed due to the fact that the rain gauge needs to keep clean and regularly perform measurement precision verification during outdoor operation. The device comprises a vehicle body, a first stand column is arranged on the vehicle body, a cantilever beam is arranged on one side of the top end of the first stand column, and a camera is downwards arranged at the outer end of the cantilever beam; a liftable second stand column is further arranged on the vehicle body, a swing arm swinging on the horizontal plane is arranged at the top end of the second stand column, a fixing rod is downwards arranged at the outer end of the swing arm, a rotatable cleaning head is arranged on the outer side of the fixing rod, the lower surface of the cleaning head is a conical curved surface matched with the rain bearing device, and the fixing rod is a hollow rod. An air injection rod telescopically penetrates through a middle hole of the fixing rod, an air injection head is arranged at the bottom end of the air injection rod, and air injection holes are evenly formed in the periphery of the air injection head. The rain gauge can be automatically operated and maintained, the cleaning head and the air injection rod can be matched with each other, and the cleaning effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydrological equipment maintenance devices, and relates to an automatic maintenance device for a rain gauge, and in particular to an automatic operation and maintenance device and method for a rain gauge at a hydrological station. Background Art

[0002] The hydrological department is responsible for monitoring regional hydrological elements, and precipitation is an important hydrological monitoring element. Real-time monitoring of precipitation can help urban management departments better understand rainfall distribution, rainfall intensity and its evolution, so as to accurately and effectively respond to extreme weather events such as rainstorms and floods, and minimize disaster losses. In addition, rainfall data has important utilization value for urban infrastructure construction, water resources management, ecological and environmental protection, etc., and helps promote sustainable urban development.

[0003] The hydrological department usually records precipitation data by setting up hydrological stations, setting up rain gauges in the hydrological stations, and recording and verifying precipitation data. At present, the most commonly used rain gauges are tipping bucket self-recording rain gauges. The tipping bucket self-recording rain gauges operate in an open open environment and need to be kept horizontal as a whole. Ideally, the water-passing parts such as the rain receiver and internal components (funnel, tipping bucket, etc.) should be kept clean and dust-free, so that the measurement data is accurate and effective. In actual situations, the water-passing parts will be blocked by the combined influence of fallen leaves from nearby trees, bird droppings and environmental dust, and natural precipitation cannot pass through in time, affecting the accuracy of rainfall data monitoring. The precipitation at the same time will be different in different locations in the same area. Therefore, in order to comprehensively record the precipitation data in the area, it is necessary to set up as many hydrological stations as possible to record the precipitation. The traditional practice requires that maintenance personnel be dispatched to regularly check and clean the rain gauges at each hydrological station and verify the rain gauges. Since there are many hydrological stations recording rainfall, and the hydrological department has limited staff, cleaning and calibrating the rain gauge alone requires a lot of manpower and material resources, especially before the flood season, when the window for cleaning and calibration is limited, and the time is tight and the task is heavy. Therefore, realizing the automatic operation and maintenance of the rain gauge can effectively reduce the frequency of staff inspections, reduce labor intensity, and reduce staffing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the rain gauge needs to be kept clean and the measurement accuracy needs to be calibrated regularly when it is operated outdoors, which results in a large amount of manpower consumption. An automatic operation and maintenance device and method for the rain gauge at a hydrological station is provided, which uses automated equipment to clean and calibrate the rain gauge to meet the daily cleaning and calibration needs. When the cleaning effect is not good or the calibration error is large, the maintenance personnel are notified, which greatly reduces the inspection frequency of the maintenance personnel, reduces the staffing, and meets the needs of comprehensive cleaning and calibration of the rain gauge before the flood season.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station, which is used for the operation and maintenance of the rain gauge. A rain receiver with an upward opening to receive rainwater is arranged on the top of the rain gauge, the bottom surface of the rain receiver is funnel-shaped, and a raised insect-proof net is arranged upward from the center of the rain receiver. The operation and maintenance device comprises a vehicle body, a first column is arranged on the vehicle body, a cantilever beam is arranged on the top of the first column to one side, and a camera is arranged downward on the outer end of the cantilever beam; a liftable second column is also arranged on the vehicle body, a swing arm swinging in a horizontal plane is arranged on the top of the second column, a fixing rod is arranged downward on the outer end of the swing arm, a rotatable cleaning head is arranged on the outer side of the fixing rod, the lower surface of the cleaning head is a conical surface adapted to the rain receiver, the fixing rod is a hollow rod, a jet rod is passed through the middle hole of the fixing rod, and a spray rod is arranged to spray the nozzle. The air rod is arranged to be telescopic downward, the upper end of the jet rod is connected to the high-pressure air source through an air pipe, the bottom end of the jet rod is provided with a jet head, the center of the bottom surface of the jet head is provided with a groove covered on the outside of the insect-proof net, and jet holes are evenly arranged around the jet head; a cleaning cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the vehicle body, the cleaning cylinder opens upward, and a spray port is arranged on the side wall of the cleaning cylinder, and the spray port is connected to a water tank; a rotating block is arranged on the bottom surface of the cleaning cylinder, the bottom end of the rotating block is connected to a motor, and a clamping claw is arranged upward on the rotating block for pressing against the surface of the cleaning head to drive the cleaning head to rotate; a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the cleaning cylinder, and the drain outlet is connected to a sewage bucket, and the water tank and the high-pressure air source are arranged inside the vehicle body; when the swing arm swings outward, the fixed rod is aligned with the upper camera, and when the swing arm swings inward, the cleaning head is aligned with the lower cleaning cylinder.

[0006] The rain receiver is a funnel-shaped structure. The bottom center of the rain receiver is provided with an upwardly protruding insect-proof net. The insect-proof net is surrounded by rain holes, which can allow rainwater to pass through and prevent insects from entering. The cleaning head is made of flexible material. During the automatic operation and maintenance process, the cleaning head cannot leave obvious water stains on the surface of the rain receiver to avoid affecting the rainfall data of the rain receiver. When the air jet blows, there cannot be obvious airflow passing through the rain receiver downward to avoid pushing the tipping bucket inside the rain gauge. Therefore, the cleaning head of this device needs to rotate at high speed to dry the water before cleaning the rain receiver. When the air jet blows, the water outlet of the rain receiver needs to be blocked. When the air jet is sprayed, the gap between the cleaning head and the rain receiver is continuously reduced by the slow descent of the cleaning head, which can ensure the airflow velocity and improve the airflow's ability to clean floating dust, leaves and other debris on the surface of the rain receiver. The vehicle body navigation pathfinding of this device can find the existing robot pathfinding solution. The camera is used to align with the rain receiver and the cleaning head up and down, and to image recognize the cleaning status of the rain receiver.

[0007] Preferably, a calibration water inlet is provided at the outer end of the cantilever beam on one side of the camera, and the calibration water inlet is connected to the water tank through a quantitative pump. After cleaning, the calibration water inlet can be used to quantitatively add water to the rain gauge, read the data of the rain gauge, and complete the calibration. To ensure that water does not splash out, an extension hose can be added to the calibration water inlet to reduce the distance between the water outlet and the rain receiver.

[0008] Preferably, the second column is centrally arranged on one side of the vehicle body, and the swing angle of the swing arm on the second column is 180 degrees.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is provided in the vehicle body, and the second column is connected with the sliding sleeve to form a lifting screw.

[0010] Preferably, a rotary bearing is provided between the outer wall of the fixing rod and the inner wall of the cleaning head.

[0011] Preferably, the middle portion of the cleaning head is through-connected from top to bottom, and the opening at the lower end of the cleaning head is not smaller than the outer diameter of the jet head.

[0012] Preferably, the outer diameter of the jet head is larger than the outer diameter of the jet rod.

[0013] Preferably, running wheels are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, a parking area and a rain gauge are arranged in the hydrological station, and a navigation line is arranged between the parking area and the rain gauge.

[0014] A method for automatic operation and maintenance of a rain gauge at a hydrological station, using the above-mentioned automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station, comprises the following steps: S1, the vehicle body is on standby, at this time the jet rod is retracted upward, the jet head is retracted into the cleaning head, the swing arm swings inward, the second column descends, and the cleaning head is placed inside the cleaning cylinder; S2, the vehicle body moves to the position of the rain gauge, the camera is aligned with the center of the rain receiver of the rain gauge through image recognition, the second column rises, and the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning tube; the swing arm swings outward until the fixed rod at the center of the cleaning head is aligned with the camera up and down, and a positioning point is set on the upper surface of the swing arm, and the positioning point is aligned with the fixed rod up and down to facilitate camera recognition; S3, the jet rod extends downward, and then the second column slowly descends until the jet head covers the insect-proof net of the rain receiver, the high-pressure air source is started, and the jet hole sprays air around the periphery to blow away the floating dust and debris on the surface of the rain receiver; S4, the jet hole keeps jetting, the second column continues to descend, and the cleaning head descends at the same time, the jet rod shrinks synchronously, and the jet head keeps covering the insect-proof net, the cleaning head and the rain receiver keep approaching each other, so that the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver keeps shrinking, and the airflow ejected from the jet hole keeps increasing as the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver shrinks, and the airflow velocity keeps increasing, and the airflow cleaning effect keeps improving; S5, the cleaning head is attached to the rain receiver, the jet rod detects a sharp rise in jet back pressure, the jet hole stops jetting, and the cleaning head cleans the debris on the surface of the rain receiver that cannot be blown away by the airflow; S6, the second column rises, the swing arm swings inward to align the cleaning head with the cleaning cylinder, and the jet head retracts into the cleaning head. Then the second column descends to lower the cleaning head into the cleaning cylinder, the cleaning head presses against the clamping claw downward, and the spray port sprays water to rinse the cleaning head. After the water spraying is completed, the motor drives the rotating block, and the rotating block drives the cleaning head to rotate at a high speed through the clamping claw to dry the cleaning head; S7, perform image recognition inspection on the rain receiver through the camera. If the rain receiver needs to be cleaned again, repeat S2-S6 for cleaning. If the requirements cannot be met after three cleanings, notify the manual work; if the rain receiver has been cleaned, check the water inlet to add water to the rain receiver in a certain amount, record the detection data of the rain gauge, and perform accuracy verification; S8, after completing the operation and maintenance of a rain gauge, the vehicle body moves to the next rain gauge location and repeats S2-S7 to perform the operation and maintenance of the next rain gauge; S9, after all rain gauges have completed operation and maintenance, the vehicle returns to the parking area.

[0015] Preferably, in S2, a layer of cleaning gel is sprayed on the surface of the cleaning head before the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning cylinder.

[0016] The present invention can automatically operate and maintain the rain gauge through dual cleaning of airflow and adhesion of the cleaning head, and the cleaning head and the jet rod can cooperate with each other to improve the airflow cleaning effect, and adopt a cleaning sequence of first airflow and then adhesion to ensure effective cleaning of the rain receiver, reduce dirt adhered to the cleaning head, and reduce the need for cleaning the cleaning head; the device can also calibrate the measurement accuracy of the rain gauge after cleaning is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the cleaning head structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a jet rod in an extended state of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a cleaning head in a sinking state according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a cleaning head attached to the surface of a rain receiver.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a swing arm of the present invention in an inward swinging state.

[0024] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of a cleaning state of a cleaning head of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic top view of a vehicle body of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a parking guide schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. rain gauge, 2. rain receiver, 3. vehicle body, 4. high-pressure air source, 5. water tank, 6. sewage bucket, 7. motor, 8. rotating block, 9. cleaning cylinder, 10. sliding sleeve, 11. second column, 12. air pipe, 13. swing arm, 14. fixing rod, 15. cleaning head, 16. jet head, 17. first column, 18. cantilever beam, 19. camera, 20. bearing, 21. jet hole, 22. groove, 23. water filling pipe, 24. parking area, 25. navigation marking, 26. insect net, 27. calibration water filling port, 28. extension hose, 29. jet rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Embodiment 1: An automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station, such as Figure 1 , 2 , 8. This device is used for the operation and maintenance of the rain gauge 1 in the hydrological station, such as Fig. 9 As shown, taking a hydrological station with two rain gauges 1 as an example, the rain gauge is a tipping bucket rain gauge. The rain gauge 1 is provided with a rain receiver 2 facing upward, and a rain receiver with an upward opening to receive rainwater is provided on the top of the rain gauge. The bottom surface of the rain receiver is funnel-shaped, and a raised insect-proof net 26 is provided upward from the center of the rain receiver. There are rainwater holes around the insect-proof net for rainwater to pass through. The operation and maintenance device includes a vehicle body 3, which is parked in a parking area 24 in the hydrological station, and a navigation line 25 is provided between the parking area and each rain gauge 1.

[0030] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the vehicle body 3 is provided with a first column 17, and a cantilever beam 18 is provided at the top of the first column 17 toward one side of the vehicle body, and a camera 19 is provided downward at the outer end of the cantilever beam 18. A calibration water inlet 27 is provided at the outer end of the cantilever beam 18 on one side of the camera 19, and the calibration water inlet 27 is connected to the water tank 5 through a water pipe 23. The calibration water inlet 27 pumps water through a metering pump. The metering pump is a commonly used metering pump on the market, which is a conventional structure and is not shown in the figure. A flow meter can also be provided at the calibration water inlet. In order to ensure that water does not splash out, an extension hose 28 can be added to the calibration water inlet 27 to reduce the distance between the water outlet of the extension hose and the rain receiver 2. The first column 17 is provided at a corner of the vehicle body, and a cantilever beam is provided obliquely to the side of the center of the vehicle body.

[0031] The vehicle body 3 is also provided with a second column 11 that can be raised and lowered. A swing arm 13 that swings in a horizontal plane is provided at the top of the second column 11. The second column 11 is centrally arranged on one side of the vehicle body 3, and the swing angle of the swing arm on the second column is 180 degrees. A sliding sleeve 10 is arranged inside the vehicle body 3, and the second column 11 and the sliding sleeve 10 form a lifting screw connection. The swing arm is driven to rotate by a swing arm motor. The swing arm motor is arranged inside the swing arm, and can also be inverted above the swing axis of the swing arm. A fixed rod 14 is arranged downward at the outer end of the swing arm 13, and a rotatable cleaning head 15 is arranged on the outside of the fixed rod 14, and the lower surface of the cleaning head is a conical surface that matches the rain receiver 2. A rotating bearing 20 is arranged between the outer wall of the fixed rod 14 and the inner wall of the cleaning head 15. The fixed rod 14 is a hollow rod, and a jet rod 29 is passed through the hole in the fixed rod 14, such as Figure 2 As shown, the jet rod 29 is telescopically arranged downward, the upper end of the jet rod 29 is connected to the high-pressure gas source 4 through the air pipe 12, and the bottom end of the jet rod is provided with a jet head 16, the center of the bottom surface of the jet head 16 is provided with a groove 22 covered on the outside of the insect-proof net 26, and jet holes 21 are evenly arranged around the jet head. The outer diameter of the jet head 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the jet rod 29. The middle part of the cleaning head 15 is through from top to bottom, and the opening at the lower end of the cleaning head 15 is not less than the outer diameter of the jet head 16.

[0032] A cleaning cylinder 9 is arranged on the upper surface of the vehicle body 3, the cleaning cylinder 9 opens upward, a spray port is arranged on the side wall of the cleaning cylinder, the spray port is connected to the water tank 5, a rotating block 8 is arranged on the bottom surface of the cleaning cylinder, the bottom end of the rotating block is connected to the motor 7, the rotating block is upwardly provided with a clamping claw which presses against the surface of the cleaning head to drive the cleaning head to rotate, and a drain port is arranged at the bottom end of the cleaning cylinder, and the drain port is connected to the sewage bucket 6.

[0033] The water tank 5 and the high pressure gas source 4 are arranged inside the vehicle body 3; the sewage bucket 6 is hung outside the vehicle body. When the swing arm 13 swings outward, the fixing rod 14 is aligned with the upper camera 19; when the swing arm swings inward, the cleaning head 15 is aligned with the lower cleaning cylinder 9.

[0034] Embodiment 2: A method for automatic operation and maintenance of a rain gauge at a hydrological station, using the device in Embodiment 1, comprises the following steps: S1, the vehicle body is on standby, at this time the jet rod is retracted upward, the jet head is retracted into the cleaning head, the swing arm swings inward, the second column descends, and the cleaning head is placed inside the cleaning cylinder; S2, the vehicle body moves to the position of the rain gauge, the camera is aligned with the center of the rain receiver of the rain gauge through image recognition, the second column rises, the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning tube, and a layer of cleaning gel is sprayed on the surface of the cleaning head before the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning tube; the swing arm swings outward until the fixed rod at the center of the cleaning head is aligned with the camera up and down, and a positioning point is set on the upper surface of the swing arm, and the positioning point is aligned with the fixed rod up and down to facilitate camera recognition; Figure 1 As shown; S3, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the jet rod extends downward, and then the second column slowly descends until the jet head covers the insect-proof net of the rain receiver, and the high-pressure air source is started, and the jet hole sprays air to the surrounding area, blowing out the floating dust and debris on the surface of the rain receiver to the surrounding area; S4, the jet hole keeps jetting, the second column continues to descend, and the cleaning head descends at the same time, the jet rod shrinks synchronously, and the jet head keeps covering the insect-proof net, and the cleaning head and the rain receiver keep approaching each other, so that the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver keeps shrinking. The airflow ejected from the jet hole keeps increasing as the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver shrinks, and the airflow velocity keeps increasing, and the airflow cleaning effect keeps improving; Figure 4 As shown; S5, the cleaning head is attached to the rain receiver, the jet rod detects a sharp rise in jet back pressure, the jet hole stops jetting, and the cleaning head cleans the debris on the surface of the rain receiver that cannot be blown away by the airflow; Figure 5 As shown; S6, the second column rises, the swing arm swings inward to align the cleaning head with the cleaning cylinder, and the jet head retracts into the cleaning head. Then the second column descends to lower the cleaning head into the cleaning cylinder, the cleaning head presses against the clamping claw downward, and the spray port sprays water to rinse the cleaning head. After the water spraying is completed, the motor drives the rotating block, and the rotating block drives the cleaning head to rotate at a high speed through the clamping claw to dry the cleaning head; Figure 6 , 7 As shown; S7, perform image recognition inspection on the rain receiver through the camera. If the rain receiver needs to be cleaned again, repeat S2-S6 for cleaning. If the requirements cannot be met after three cleanings, notify the manual work; if the rain receiver has been cleaned, check the water inlet to add water to the rain receiver in a certain amount, record the detection data of the rain gauge, and perform accuracy verification; S8, after completing the operation and maintenance of a rain gauge, the vehicle body moves to the next rain gauge location and repeats S2-S7 to perform the operation and maintenance of the next rain gauge; S9, after all rain gauges have completed operation and maintenance, the vehicle returns to the parking area.

Claims

1. An automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station, used for operation and maintenance of the rain gauge, wherein a rain receiver is provided on the top of the rain gauge and opens upward to receive rainwater, the bottom of the rain receiver is funnel-shaped, and a raised insect-proof net is provided upward from the center of the rain receiver, the operation and maintenance device comprises a vehicle body, and is characterized in that: The vehicle body is provided with a first column, a cantilever beam is provided on the top of the first column to one side, and a camera is provided on the outer end of the cantilever beam downward; the vehicle body is also provided with a liftable second column, a swing arm swinging in the horizontal plane is provided on the top of the second column, a fixing rod is provided downward on the outer end of the swing arm, a rotatable cleaning head is provided on the outer side of the fixing rod, and the lower surface of the cleaning head is a conical surface adapted to the rain receiver, the fixing rod is a hollow rod, a jet rod is passed through the middle hole of the fixing rod, the jet rod is telescopically arranged downward, the upper end of the jet rod is connected to a high-pressure air source through an air pipe, a jet head is provided at the bottom end of the jet rod, and a jet head is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the jet head A cover is arranged in a groove outside the insect-proof net, and jet holes are evenly arranged around the jet head; a cleaning cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the vehicle body, the cleaning cylinder opens upward, and a spray port is arranged on the side wall of the cleaning cylinder, and the spray port is connected to a water tank; a rotating block is arranged on the bottom surface of the cleaning cylinder, and a motor is connected to the bottom end of the rotating block, and a clamping claw is arranged upward on the rotating block to abut against the surface of the cleaning head to drive the cleaning head to rotate; a drain port is arranged at the bottom end of the cleaning cylinder, and the drain port is connected to a sewage bucket, and the water tank and the high-pressure air source are arranged inside the vehicle body; when the swing arm swings outward, the fixing rod is aligned with the upper camera, and when the swing arm swings inward, the cleaning head is aligned with the lower cleaning cylinder.

2. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the cantilever beam is provided with a calibration water inlet on one side of the camera, and the calibration water inlet is connected to the water tank through a metering pump.

3. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second column is centrally arranged on one side of the vehicle body, and the swing angle of the swing arm on the second column is 180 degrees.

4. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve is arranged in the vehicle body, and the second column is connected with the sliding sleeve to form a lifting screw.

5. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotary bearing is arranged between the outer wall of the fixing rod and the inner wall of the cleaning head.

6. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the cleaning head is connected from top to bottom, and the opening at the lower end of the cleaning head is not smaller than the outer diameter of the jet head.

7. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the jet head is greater than the outer diameter of the jet rod.

8. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Traveling wheels are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, a parking area and a rain gauge are arranged in the hydrological measuring station, and a navigation marking line is arranged between the parking area and the rain gauge.

9. A method for automatic operation and maintenance of a rain gauge at a hydrological station, using the automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the vehicle body is on standby, at this time the jet rod is retracted upward, the jet head is retracted into the cleaning head, the swing arm swings inward, the second column descends, and the cleaning head is placed inside the cleaning cylinder; S2, the vehicle body moves to the position of the rain gauge, the camera is aligned with the center of the rain receiver of the rain gauge through image recognition, the second column rises, and the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning tube; the swing arm swings outward until the fixed rod at the center of the cleaning head is aligned with the camera up and down, and a positioning point is set on the upper surface of the swing arm, and the positioning point is aligned with the fixed rod up and down to facilitate camera recognition; S3, the jet rod extends downward, and then the second column slowly descends until the jet head covers the insect-proof net of the rain receiver, the high-pressure air source is started, and the jet hole sprays air around the periphery to blow away the floating dust and debris on the surface of the rain receiver; S4, the jet hole keeps jetting, the second column continues to descend, and the cleaning head descends at the same time, the jet rod shrinks synchronously, and the jet head keeps covering the insect-proof net, the cleaning head and the rain receiver keep approaching each other, so that the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver keeps shrinking, and the airflow ejected from the jet hole keeps increasing as the gap between the lower surface of the cleaning head and the rain receiver shrinks, and the airflow velocity keeps increasing, and the airflow cleaning effect keeps improving; S5, the cleaning head is attached to the rain receiver, the jet rod detects a sharp rise in jet back pressure, the jet hole stops jetting, and the cleaning head cleans the debris on the surface of the rain receiver that cannot be blown away by the airflow; S6, the second column rises, the swing arm swings inward to align the cleaning head with the cleaning cylinder, and the jet head retracts into the cleaning head. Then the second column descends to lower the cleaning head into the cleaning cylinder, the cleaning head presses against the clamping claw downward, and the spray port sprays water to rinse the cleaning head. After the water spraying is completed, the motor drives the rotating block, and the rotating block drives the cleaning head to rotate at a high speed through the clamping claw to dry the cleaning head; S7, perform image recognition inspection on the rain receiver through the camera. If the rain receiver needs to be cleaned again, repeat S2-S6 for cleaning. If the requirements cannot be met after three cleanings, notify the manual work; if the rain receiver has been cleaned, check the water inlet to add water to the rain receiver in a certain amount, record the detection data of the rain gauge, and perform accuracy verification; S8, after completing the operation and maintenance of a rain gauge, the vehicle body moves to the next rain gauge location and repeats S2-S7 to perform the operation and maintenance of the next rain gauge; S9, after all rain gauges have completed operation and maintenance, the vehicle returns to the parking area.

10. The automatic operation and maintenance device for a rain gauge at a hydrological station according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S2, a layer of cleaning gel is sprayed on the surface of the cleaning head before the cleaning head is removed from the cleaning cylinder.

Images