Explosive welding method for composite spherical crown lining

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of explosive welding, specifically to an explosive welding method for a composite spherical crown lining, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: sequentially arranging a support and a first spherical crown lining on the first spherical crown lining; S2: spreading explosives in a frame on the first spherical crown lining; S3: detonating the explosives through a detonator; S4: inverting the first composite spherical crown lining into a shaping mold for explosive shaping; S5: placing the second spherical crown lining above the first composite spherical crown lining; S6: detonating the explosives to obtain a first composite spherical crown lining that meets size requirements. The present invention uses a shaping mold provided with an exhaust hole to invert the first composite spherical crown lining in the mold, and performs explosive welding of the second composite spherical crown lining above the first composite spherical crown lining, thereby realizing the combination of curved surface explosive welding and explosive leveling, ensuring the size design requirements of the composite spherical crown lining, and improving the production efficiency of curved surface explosive welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosion welding, in particular to an explosion welding method for a composite spherical cap liner. Background Art

[0002] Spherical bearings for bridges are very suitable for applications with strong load-bearing capacity and large rotation angles because of their reliable force transmission and consistent rotation performance. Considering weather resistance, a layer of stainless steel is usually added to the surface of the bearing concave plate and the ball crown lining plate of the steel spherical bearing with better economic performance, and the peripheral sealing welding is performed. Under actual working conditions, due to the periodic contact friction between the stainless steel lining and the surface of the substrate to be lined, the peripheral sealing weld has stress fatigue cracking problems, which affects the operating reliability of the bearing. Therefore, improving the firmness of the lining and the substrate to be lined has become a problem that needs to be solved.

[0003] Explosive welding is a special welding technology that uses explosives as energy and utilizes the impact of explosive explosions to create a strong metallurgical bond between two or more metals due to high-speed tilted collision. Explosive welding is particularly suitable for the welding of large-area dissimilar metal plates. By designing special tooling, explosive welding can also be used for explosive welding between relatively regular curved surfaces, such as spherical surfaces, cylindrical surfaces, and step surfaces. The spherical support and its surface lining are both spherical. The use of explosive welding can achieve a strong metallurgical bond between the lining and the substrate to be lined, avoiding the risk of contact friction cracking between the lining and the substrate to be lined during operation, and eliminating the peripheral sealing welding process. In addition, lining materials with better weather resistance, such as titanium, can also be used. For this purpose, an explosive welding method for a composite spherical crown liner is proposed.

[0004] Publication number: CN217096129U A curved metal plate explosive welding structure includes a top seat of a double plate with a transparent medicine box, in which explosive powder of uniform thickness is spread, and a detonator for detonating the explosive is also arranged in the medicine box, and the detonator extends to the top of the box cover; the top surface of the base plate and the bottom surface of the double plate are provided with corresponding curved surfaces, the bottom contour of the medicine box is fitted with the top surface of the double plate, and the bottom contour of the medicine box corresponds to its top contour. However, the invention has problems in that the curved surface deformation cannot meet the process requirements during use, the subsequent shape correction process is cumbersome, and the production efficiency is low.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new curved surface explosion welding method to solve the problems of existing curved surface explosion welding, such as the curved surface deformation cannot meet the process requirements, the subsequent shaping process is cumbersome, and the production efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an explosion welding method for a composite spherical crown liner to solve the problems in the prior art that the curved surface deformation cannot meet the process requirements, the subsequent shaping process is cumbersome, and the production efficiency is low.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0008] The invention discloses an explosion welding method for a composite spherical cap liner, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: placing a first spherical crown lining plate on a horizontal sand foundation, and sequentially arranging a support and a first spherical crown lining layer on the first spherical crown lining plate;

[0010] S2: setting a frame around the first spherical cap lining and spreading explosives in the frame;

[0011] S3: detonating the explosive by a detonator;

[0012] S4: placing the first composite spherical cap liner obtained after the explosion into a shaping mold for explosion shaping;

[0013] S5: placing a second spherical crown lining plate on top of the first composite spherical crown lining plate, and sequentially arranging the support and the second spherical crown lining layer on the second spherical crown lining plate;

[0014] S6: The enclosure frame is arranged around the second spherical crown lining layer, the explosive is spread in the enclosure frame, and the explosive is detonated by the detonator to obtain a second composite spherical crown lining plate and the first composite spherical crown lining plate that meets the size requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, a steel foundation is also included, and the first spherical cap lining and the steel foundation are welded around the perimeter to form an integrated structure as a first substrate, and the first substrate is placed on the horizontal sand foundation.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, a plurality of explosive paper strips are circumferentially arranged above the first spherical cap lining, and the explosive paper strips are used to limit the displacement of the explosive.

[0017] Further, in step S3, the detonator is arranged at the top center of the first spherical cap lining.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, an exhaust hole is provided in the middle of the shaping mold, and the exhaust hole is connected to the atmosphere, so as to exhaust the air between the first composite spherical crown lining plate and the shaping mold during shaping.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S4, if the steel foundation is welded under the first spherical cap lining, the steel foundation should be removed before the shape adjustment.

[0020] Further, in step S5, the center of the second spherical crown lining plate and the center of the first composite spherical crown lining plate are on a vertical line.

[0021] Furthermore, the support is a hollow cylinder, the wall thickness of the support is 0.2-0.5mm, the diameter of the support is 3-6mm, the height is 4-10mm, and multiple supports are provided. The multiple supports are evenly distributed circumferentially above the first spherical crown lining plate or the second spherical crown lining plate, and the distance between two adjacent supports is 200mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the height of the surrounding frame is 25-35 mm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the material of the surrounding frame is fiberboard.

[0023] Furthermore, the material of the first spherical cap lining layer and the second spherical cap lining layer is TA1.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the explosive welding method of the composite spherical cap liner of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] The present invention provides a shaping mold with exhaust holes, places the first composite spherical crown lining upside down in the mold, and performs explosion welding of the second composite spherical crown lining above the first composite spherical crown lining, thereby realizing the combination of curved surface explosion welding and explosion leveling, ensuring the size design requirements of the composite spherical crown lining, and improving the production efficiency of curved surface explosion welding.

[0026] The present invention can significantly improve the stability and rigidity of the entire structure by connecting the spherical cap lining plate and the steel foundation into a whole, which helps to ensure that the spherical cap lining plate will not be significantly displaced or deformed during the subsequent explosion welding process, thereby ensuring the welding quality.

[0027] The invention arranges a powder distribution paper strip above the spherical cap lining to evenly distribute the explosives on the upper surface of the spherical cap lining, thereby preventing the explosives from sliding under the action of gravity, causing uneven distribution of the explosives and affecting the effect of explosive welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion welding installation of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of explosive welding installation and charge placement of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the installation diagram of the explosion compounding + explosion shaping of the present invention.

[0032] 1. Sand foundation; 2. Steel foundation; 3. First spherical crown lining; 4. Support; 5. First spherical crown lining; 6. Frame; 7. Explosives; 8. Detonator; 9. Explosive paper strip; 10. First composite spherical crown lining; 11. Shape adjustment mold; 12. Exhaust hole; 13. First base plate; 14. Second base plate; 15. Second spherical crown lining; 16. Second spherical crown lining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical means, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that all the terms used in the present invention to indicate directionality and position, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "top", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", "center", etc., are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and connection status between the components in a certain state, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0037] The composite spherical crown lining plate achieves a firm metallurgical bond between the spherical crown lining layer and the spherical surface of the spherical crown lining plate by explosive welding. The composite spherical crown lining plate achieves explosive welding between the spherical surfaces. After the explosion, the lining surface does not wrinkle. The spherical crown lining layer and the spherical crown lining plate are firmly bonded, which can completely eliminate the adverse effects caused by the contact friction between the spherical crown lining plate and the surface lining layer, avoid the risk of cracking of the lining layer and the lining plate, and exempt the regular inspection and maintenance of the relevant bonding conditions, thereby improving the operational reliability of the spherical bearing. In addition, the spherical crown lining material has a wide range of optional materials, and the corresponding lining material can be selected according to the actual environmental conditions. It is suitable for the explosive coating of the corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of the spherical crown lining plate of the spherical bearing that has corrosion and weather resistance requirements on the surface.

[0038] The present invention discloses an explosion welding method for a composite spherical cap liner, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: placing the first spherical crown lining plate 3 on the horizontal sand foundation 1, placing the support 4 around the first spherical crown lining plate 3, and then placing the first spherical crown lining layer 5;

[0040] The first spherical crown lining plate 3 is placed on the horizontal sand foundation 1, and the first spherical crown lining layer 5 is placed after the supports 4 are placed around it, which ensures the accurate alignment between the first spherical crown lining plate 3 and the first spherical crown lining layer 5 and provides a stable initial structure for subsequent explosive welding.

[0041] S2: a surrounding frame 6 is arranged around the first spherical cap lining 5, and explosives 7 are spread in the surrounding frame 6;

[0042] The surrounding frame 6 helps to control the explosion range and direction, so that the energy is concentrated on the area that needs to be welded, thereby improving the welding efficiency and quality.

[0043] S3: detonating the explosive 7 through the detonator 8;

[0044] The high pressure and temperature generated by the explosion cause plastic deformation of the surfaces of the two metals, achieving metallurgical bonding between atoms and forming a high-strength, high-sealing connection.

[0045] S4: placing the first composite spherical cap liner 10 obtained after the explosion into the shaping mold 11 for explosion shaping;

[0046] Correct the deformation that may occur during the explosion process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the final product.

[0047] S5: placing the second spherical crown lining plate 15 on the top of the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10, placing the support 4 around the second spherical crown lining plate 15, and then placing the second spherical crown lining layer 16;

[0048] The second spherical crown lining plate 15, the second spherical crown lining layer 16, etc. are sequentially prepared for explosion welding, and the explosion welding preparation work of the second composite spherical crown lining plate is gradually completed.

[0049] S6: a frame 6 is arranged around the second spherical crown lining 16, explosives 7 are spread in the frame 6, and the explosives 7 are detonated by detonators 8 to obtain a second composite spherical crown lining plate and a first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 that meets the size requirements;

[0050] The explosion welding of the second composite spherical crown lining is completed and the impact force during the explosion welding of the second composite spherical crown lining is used to realize the shape correction of the first composite spherical crown lining 10.

[0051] This arrangement establishes an efficient and repeatable production process by placing the first composite spherical crown liner 10 upside down in a mold and performing explosion welding of the second composite spherical crown liner on top of the first composite spherical crown liner 10. The arrangement is suitable for industrial large-scale production of high-quality composite spherical crown liners, realizes the combination of curved surface explosion welding and explosion leveling, ensures the dimensional design requirements of the composite spherical crown liners, and improves the production efficiency of curved surface explosion welding.

[0052] Specifically, in step S1 , a steel foundation 2 is also included, and the first spherical cap liner 3 and the steel foundation 2 are welded around the periphery to form an integrated structure as a first base plate 13 , and the first base plate 13 is placed on the horizontal sand foundation 1 .

[0053] Through peripheral welding, the first spherical cap lining plate 3 and the steel foundation 2 form a whole, which increases the rigidity and stability of the entire structure, ensuring that the spherical cap lining plate will not be displaced or deformed during the subsequent explosive welding process, and the assembled first base plate 13 is placed on the horizontal sand foundation 1, providing a stable foundation for subsequent operations. The sand foundation 1 can provide a certain buffering effect, help absorb part of the explosion impact force, and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0054] This setting reduces welding errors caused by structural instability, improves the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the final product, and can absorb the vibration and impact generated by the explosion, which not only protects the underlying infrastructure but also reduces safety risks to surrounding facilities and personnel.

[0055] Specifically, in step S2 , a plurality of explosive paper strips 9 are circumferentially arranged above the first spherical cap lining 5 , and the explosive paper strips 9 are used to limit the displacement of the explosive 7 .

[0056] The powder distribution paper strip 9 helps to accurately control the distribution of the explosives 7 on the first spherical crown lining 5, ensuring that the explosives 7 are evenly arranged according to the predetermined design, thereby achieving effective control of the distribution of explosion energy. The powder distribution paper strip 9 can effectively prevent the explosives 7 from shifting along the curved surface under the action of gravity, maintaining its original layout unchanged.

[0057] This setting can ensure consistent energy release in each explosion welding by accurately controlling the position and distribution of the explosive 7, making the explosion welding more efficient and uniform, reducing defects caused by uneven energy distribution, such as wrinkles or poor bonding, thereby improving the consistency and reliability of welding results and ensuring stable product quality. The use of explosive paper strips 9 can simplify the laying process of the explosive 7, making the operation more standardized and easy to manage, and reducing the difficulty of operation and technical requirements.

[0058] Preferably, the medicine dispensing paper strip 9 is used to divide the spherical medicine dispensing into 5 steps.

[0059] Specifically, in step S3 , the detonator 8 is disposed at the top center of the first spherical cap lining 5 .

[0060] The arrangement of arranging the detonator 8 at the top center of the first spherical cap lining 5 enables the explosive 7 to explode from the center of the curved surface to the surrounding areas, thereby ensuring uniform force during the explosion welding process and ensuring the quality of the explosion welding.

[0061] Specifically, in step S4, an exhaust hole 12 is provided in the middle of the shaping mold 11, and the exhaust hole 12 is connected to the atmosphere, and is used to exhaust the air between the first composite spherical crown liner 10 and the shaping mold 11 during shaping.

[0062] During the explosive shaping process, the air that may exist between the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 and the shaping mold 11 can be effectively and quickly discharged through the exhaust hole 12. This helps to ensure that the explosive force can be evenly transmitted to the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10, avoiding the influence of the final molding effect due to the presence of air. The design of the exhaust hole 12 ensures that the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 can fit more closely on the shaping mold 11, so that the shape of the finished product is more accurate and meets the design requirements.

[0063] This setting can avoid the problem of uneven pressure distribution caused by residual air by effectively excluding air, thereby reducing the occurrence of surface defects such as wrinkles or depressions, allowing the explosion shock wave to act more directly and efficiently on the parts that need to be shaped, thereby enhancing the shaping effect, helping to achieve higher dimensional accuracy, and improving product quality and appearance consistency.

[0064] Specifically, in step S4, if a steel foundation 2 is welded under the first spherical cap lining 3, the steel foundation 2 should be removed before the shape adjustment.

[0065] Removing the steel foundation 2 can prevent it from interfering with the uniform force during the shaping process, ensuring that only the first composite spherical cap liner 10 itself is affected by the explosion shock wave, thereby achieving a more precise shaping effect.

[0066] This setting can more accurately adjust the shape and size of the composite spherical crown liner, reduce deformation or irregularities caused by external factors, and the quality of the final product is higher. It reduces the impact of additional variables on the correction process, making the entire process more controllable and helping to maintain product consistency and stability.

[0067] During the shape correction process, removing unnecessary steel foundation 2 can reduce the weight of the overall structure, which is not only convenient for handling and operation, but also may reduce the energy required for explosion and increase safety.

[0068] Specifically, in step S5 , the center of the second spherical crown lining plate 15 and the center of the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 are on a vertical line.

[0069] By aligning the center of the second substrate 14 with the first composite spherical cap liner 10, the symmetry and consistency of the entire composite structure can be ensured, which helps to ensure uniform force during the subsequent explosion welding process and avoid uneven energy distribution due to eccentricity, thereby affecting the welding quality.

[0070] This setting can ensure a tighter and smoother bond between the two materials during the explosive welding process, reduce the appearance of defects such as wrinkles or unwelded areas, and improve the welding quality and performance of the final product.

[0071] Specifically, in step S6 , a plurality of explosive paper strips 9 are circumferentially arranged above the second spherical cap lining 16 , and the explosive paper strips 9 are used to limit the displacement of the explosive 7 .

[0072] This setting can ensure consistent energy release in each explosion welding by accurately controlling the position and distribution of the explosive 7, making the explosion welding more efficient and uniform, reducing defects caused by uneven energy distribution, such as wrinkles or poor bonding, thereby improving the consistency and reliability of welding results and ensuring stable product quality. The use of explosive paper strips 9 can simplify the laying process of the explosive 7, making the operation more standardized and easy to manage, and reducing the difficulty of operation and technical requirements.

[0073] Preferably, the medicine dispensing paper strip 9 is used to divide the spherical medicine dispensing into 5 steps.

[0074] Specifically, the material of the first spherical cap lining layer 5 and the second spherical cap lining layer 16 is TA1.

[0075] TA1 titanium alloy is known for its excellent corrosion resistance. It can resist a variety of corrosive media, such as seawater, chloride solutions, etc. It is easy to form and can be conveniently processed into the required shape and size. It is suitable for the manufacture of products with complex geometries, such as ball crown linings.

[0076] This setting has strong anti-fatigue characteristics and can work stably for a long time under cyclic loads, reducing the risk of failure due to fatigue.

[0077] Specifically, the support 4 is a hollow cylinder with a wall thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm, a diameter of 3-6 mm, and a height of 4-10 mm. A plurality of supports 4 are arranged, and the plurality of supports 4 are evenly distributed circumferentially above the first spherical crown lining plate 3 or the second spherical crown lining plate 15, and the distance between two adjacent supports 4 is 200 mm.

[0078] The support 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure, which can provide stable support for the spherical crown lining, such as the first spherical crown lining 5 or the second spherical crown lining 16, to ensure that the relative position between the lining and the lining plate remains unchanged during the explosion welding process. By evenly distributing multiple supports 4, the impact force generated during the explosion can be effectively dispersed to avoid deformation or damage caused by local stress concentration, thereby ensuring the quality of the composite spherical crown lining. The hollow cylindrical design not only ensures sufficient support strength, but also achieves effective use of materials by controlling the wall thickness, thereby reducing costs.

[0079] Specifically, the height of the surrounding frame 6 is 25-35 mm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the material of the surrounding frame 6 is fiberboard.

[0080] The main function of the frame 6 is to limit the specific position of the explosive 7 and ensure that the explosion energy can be concentrated in the predetermined area, so as to achieve effective control of the combination between the spherical crown lining and the base plate. Fiberboard is an economical material choice. Compared with metal or other high-performance materials, its cost is lower. At the same time, the size and shape of the fence can be quickly adjusted according to specific needs.

[0081] The device has low cost, is easy to process and customize, and is lightweight.

[0082] Specifically, the method further includes the following steps:

[0083] S7: Repeat steps S4-S6 for the second composite spherical crown lining plate to obtain a third composite spherical crown lining plate and the second composite spherical crown lining plate that meets the size requirements;

[0084] S8: Batch production Repeat steps S4-S7 to obtain a large number of composite spherical cap liners that meet the size requirements.

[0085] By repeating the above steps, the production process of a single product can be expanded to large-scale production, ensuring that products that meet design standards can be manufactured continuously and stably. Standardized operating procedures help maintain quality consistency between each batch of products and reduce quality fluctuations caused by human factors or operational differences. Once an effective process is determined and its feasibility is proven, repeated operations can be performed in an automated or semi-automated manner to significantly improve production speed and efficiency.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] Manufacture 3 composite spherical crown linings, the material combination is TA1+Q355, the dimensions of the spherical crown lining are spherical radius × spherical crown height × spherical crown bottom diameter is SR628×60×Φ484mm, the dimensions of the spherical crown lining TA1 are spherical crown lining inner spherical radius × lining thickness × spherical crown bottom diameter is SR628×2×52.6×Φ494mm, and the spherical crown lining spherical diameter is required to be equal to the spherical crown lining inner spherical diameter. Figure 1 First, the first spherical crown lining plate 3 is polished and rust-free, and then welded to the steel foundation 2 through the periphery to form an integrated structure, which is placed on the sand foundation 1. A copper sheet circular support 4 with a height of 6.5mm, a diameter of Φ4mm, and a thickness of 0.3mm is placed around the first spherical crown lining plate 3 at intervals of 200mm, and then the titanium first spherical crown lining layer 5 is stably placed on the support 4. A fiberboard frame 6 with a height of 30mm and a thickness of 2mm is pasted around the upper surface of the first spherical crown lining layer 5. Explosives 7 are placed on the first spherical crown lining 5, and the spherical surface is divided into 5 steps by using a segmented charge spreading method, that is, a charge spreading paper strip 9 is used to spread the charge evenly according to the specified thickness requirements, and a detonator 8 is placed vertically in the center. After the detonator 8 is detonated, a blank of the titanium first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 is obtained, and then the first composite spherical crown lining plate 10 blank is placed in a shape adjustment mold 11 with an exhaust hole 12 in the middle for explosive shaping, that is, the second composite spherical crown lining plate blank can be explosively welded while the explosive leveling is being performed, and then the second composite spherical crown lining plate blank is placed in a shape adjustment mold 11 with an exhaust hole 12 in the middle. The explosion correction is carried out in the process, that is, the explosion correction of the second composite spherical crown lining is carried out at the same time as the explosion correction of the third composite spherical crown lining blank, and then the third composite spherical crown lining blank is placed in a correction mold 11 with an exhaust hole 12 in the middle for explosion correction, and finally the periphery and surface of the third composite spherical crown lining are machined and trimmed, and the bonding rate is 100% after ultrasonic flaw detection, and then it is machined according to the design requirements of the titanium composite spherical crown lining size, and the peripheral bonding surface is penetrated and tested, and no interface red spot defects are found, and finally a titanium composite spherical crown lining product whose bonding rate and size meet the design requirements is obtained.

[0088] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion welding method for a composite spherical cap liner, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: placing a first spherical crown lining plate (3) on a horizontal sand foundation (1), wherein a support (4) and a first spherical crown lining layer (5) are sequentially arranged on the first spherical crown lining plate (3); S2: arranging a surrounding frame (6) around the first spherical cap lining (5), and spreading explosives (7) in the surrounding frame (6); S3: detonating the explosive (7) through a detonator (8); S4: placing the first composite spherical cap liner (10) obtained after the explosion into a shaping mold (11) for explosion shaping; S5: placing the second spherical crown lining plate (15) above the first composite spherical crown lining plate (10), and sequentially arranging the support (4) and the second spherical crown lining layer (16) on the second spherical crown lining plate (15); S6: The enclosure (6) is arranged around the second spherical crown lining (16), the explosive (7) is spread in the enclosure (6), and the explosive (7) is detonated by the detonator (8), thereby obtaining a second composite spherical crown lining and the first composite spherical crown lining (10) that meets the size requirements.

2. The explosion welding method of the composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the method further comprises: forming a steel foundation (2), welding the first spherical cap lining (3) and the steel foundation (2) by peripheral welding to form an integrated structure as a first base plate (13), and placing the first base plate (13) on the horizontal sand foundation (1).

3. The explosion welding method of the composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, a plurality of explosive paper strips (9) are circumferentially arranged above the first spherical cap lining (5), wherein the explosive paper strips (9) are used to limit the displacement of the explosive (7).

4. The explosion welding method of the composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the detonator (8) is arranged at the top center of the first spherical cap lining (5).

5. The explosion welding method of the composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, an exhaust hole (12) is provided in the middle of the shaping mold (11), and the exhaust hole (12) is connected to the atmosphere and is used to exhaust the air between the first composite spherical crown lining plate (10) and the shaping mold (11) during shaping.

6. The explosion welding method of the composite spherical cap liner according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S4, if the steel foundation (2) is welded under the first spherical cap lining (3), the steel foundation (2) should be removed before the shape adjustment is performed.

7. The explosion welding method of composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the center of the second spherical crown lining plate (15) and the center of the first composite spherical crown lining plate (10) are on a vertical line.

8. The explosion welding method of composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (4) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, the wall thickness of the support (4) is 0.2-0.5 mm, the diameter of the support (4) is 3-6 mm, and the height is 4-10 mm. A plurality of the supports (4) are provided, and the plurality of the supports (4) are evenly distributed along the circumference above the first spherical crown lining plate (3) or the second spherical crown lining plate (15), and the distance between two adjacent supports (4) is 200 mm.

9. The explosion welding method of composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the surrounding frame (6) is 25-35 mm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the material of the surrounding frame (6) is fiberboard.

10. The explosion welding method of composite spherical cap liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first spherical cap lining layer (5) and the second spherical cap lining layer (16) is TA1.

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