Mine extreme weather emergency defense and up-down pre-alarm system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety, and discloses a mine extreme weather emergency defense and up-and-down pre-alarm system, which comprises a ground surface monitoring module used for monitoring the water level, rainfall and environment humidity of a mine wellhead and a ground surface low-lying area in real time and generating a dynamic water level pre-alarm signal; the wellhead flood control module comprises an automatic emergency flood control door and is used for receiving the early warning signal of the earth surface monitoring module and automatically closing the flood control door when the water level reaches a warning line so as to prevent surface accumulated water from flowing backwards to the underground; and the underground early warning and evacuation module comprises a sound-light alarm device and a wireless communication system. By adopting the technical scheme of multi-sensor fusion and water level trend prediction, through multi-dimensional real-time monitoring of the wellhead water level, the rainfall intensity and the environment humidity, the pre-closing state of the flood gate is triggered in advance in combination with dynamic data analysis and an intelligent algorithm, and the technical effects of timely responding to rapid rising of the water level and reducing the operation pressure of equipment are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mine safety technology, in particular to a mine extreme weather emergency defense and an above-and-below mine early warning system. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of mine production scale and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather caused by climate change, mine flood emergency management has become an important challenge to safe production. The mine wellhead is the key channel for underground operations. Once it is affected by the backflow of ground water, it will directly threaten the life safety of underground workers and cause serious damage to equipment and facilities. Therefore, how to achieve accurate monitoring of mine wellhead water level, rapid flood control response and efficient evacuation of underground personnel under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain is an important technical problem in current mine safety management. In the existing technology, mine flood emergency plans mostly use a single sensor to monitor the water level, and cooperate with artificial stacking of sandbags or temporary flood control measures to build a flood barrier. However, this solution has significant limitations.

[0003] Water level monitoring is single and relies on equipment such as ultrasonic water level sensors, but does not combine a variety of environmental parameters (such as rainfall and humidity) for comprehensive analysis. This results in insufficient accuracy in water level prediction, the system is unable to provide early warning, and a delayed response to the risk of sudden waterlogging.

[0004] Flood prevention measures have a low degree of mechanization, manual sandbag stacking is time-consuming and labor-intensive, flood prevention efficiency is low, and the real-time and reliability of manual intervention is difficult to ensure; even if some mines are equipped with automatic flood control gates, their control logic is simple and difficult to link with dynamic changes in water levels, resulting in low emergency operation efficiency in the event of sudden water accumulation.

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mine extreme weather emergency defense and an above-and-below mine early warning system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a mine extreme weather emergency defense and well and underground early warning system, which solves the problem that the wellhead flood prevention method commonly used in most mines is to manually pile up flood prevention sandbags at the wellhead to form a flood wall. The method of piling up a flood wall is labor-intensive and labor-intensive during heavy rains, and the emergency flood prevention efficiency is low.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system, the system comprising:

[0008] The surface monitoring module is used to monitor the water level, rainfall and environmental humidity at the mine wellhead and low-lying areas on the surface in real time, and generate dynamic water level warning signals;

[0009] A wellhead flood control module, including an automatic emergency flood control door, is used to receive the warning signal from the surface monitoring module and automatically close the flood control door when the water level reaches the warning line to prevent the ground water from flowing back into the well;

[0010] The underground warning and evacuation module includes an audible and visual alarm device and a wireless communication system, which is used for the rapid transmission of regional warnings and evacuation instructions in the underground operation area;

[0011] Emergency command module, including intelligent command platform, used for data integration, dynamic visualization and issuing emergency dispatch instructions;

[0012] System support modules, including communication network and data analysis modules, are used to achieve data transmission, processing and system operation stability between modules.

[0013] Preferably, the surface monitoring module includes:

[0014] Ultrasonic water level sensors and optical water level sensors are used to monitor real-time water levels at wellheads and low-lying areas;

[0015] rain gauges, which monitor rainfall intensity;

[0016] Humidity sensors are used to monitor changes in ambient humidity and generate early warning signals in combination with water level trend data;

[0017] Industrial gateways for transmitting sensor data to edge computing devices and performing real-time data preprocessing.

[0018] Preferably, the wellhead flood prevention module comprises:

[0019] Automatic emergency flood control door, made of composite material, normally remains open and automatically closes when the water level warning line is triggered;

[0020] A driving system, including an electro-hydraulic linkage driving device and a manual operating device, used to complete automatic or manual closing of the flood control door in an emergency;

[0021] The flood control door status monitoring device includes a position sensor and a pressure sensor, which are used to detect the opening and closing status and pressure condition of the flood control door in real time.

[0022] Preferably, the underground warning and evacuation module includes:

[0023] High-decibel sound alarm equipment for broadcasting emergency evacuation instructions;

[0024] Multi-mode LED light signal alarm device for graded alarms in low-light environments;

[0025] Wireless communication systems, including Wi-Fi enhanced networks and LoRa redundant communication systems, to ensure real-time transmission of alarm signals and evacuation instructions;

[0026] The regional warning subsystem is used to trigger the group warning mode of a specific area according to the accident scenario.

[0027] Preferably, the emergency command module includes:

[0028] Intelligent command platform, integrating data from surface monitoring module and underground early warning module;

[0029] 3D dynamic visualization module, used to display the water level, equipment status and personnel distribution inside the mine;

[0030] A decision-making support module, which is used to generate optimal emergency dispatch instructions based on multi-scenario emergency plans;

[0031] The command issuing system is used to initiate wellhead flood control gate closure, underground broadcasting and evacuation linkage with one click.

[0032] Preferably, the system support module includes:

[0033] Industrial Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks for data transmission in the main communication channels;

[0034] The LoRa communication system is used as a redundant channel for data backup transmission in extreme situations;

[0035] The data processing module, including edge computing devices and cloud computing platforms, is used for real-time processing of water level data and long-term storage and analysis.

[0036] The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning method includes the following steps:

[0037] The surface monitoring module monitors the wellhead water level, rainfall and humidity in real time, and uploads the data to the emergency command module;

[0038] When the water level reaches the warning line, the command module triggers the wellhead flood control module to close the automatic emergency flood control gate;

[0039] The emergency command module activates the regional sound and light alarm through the underground early warning module to transmit evacuation instructions to the underground personnel;

[0040] The system support module ensures the stability of the communication network and records the operating status of each module.

[0041] Preferably, the surface monitoring module predicts the water level trend through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm, and triggers the pre-closure state of the wellhead flood control module in advance when the water level exceeds the warning threshold.

[0042] Preferably, the underground warning module uses a regional warning subsystem to accurately define the alarm triggering area according to the accident impact range to reduce interference from non-target areas.

[0043] Preferably, the emergency command module optimizes the evacuation route through an intelligent decision-making algorithm and generates a dynamic evaluation report in combination with historical data for use in post-accident system improvement and plan optimization.

[0044] The present invention provides a mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and above and below pre-alarm system. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. The present invention adopts a multi-sensor fusion and water level trend prediction technical solution. Through multi-dimensional real-time monitoring of wellhead water level, rainfall intensity and ambient humidity, combined with dynamic data analysis and intelligent algorithms, the pre-closing state of the flood control gate is triggered in advance, thereby achieving the technical effect of timely responding to the rapid rise in water level and reducing the operating pressure of equipment. Compared with the technical solution of the prior art that a single sensor monitoring method responds slowly to water level changes and cannot provide early warning, it solves the problem that its monitoring data is easily affected by single-point errors and has insufficient risk prediction capabilities, and greatly improves the response speed and prediction accuracy of the system.

[0046] 2. The present invention adopts a regional early warning subsystem and a group early warning mode, dynamically defines the scope of the accident and accurately triggers the underground sound and light alarm, and combines the evacuation path optimization model to achieve the technical effects of alarm accuracy and evacuation guidance efficiency. Compared with the technical solution of the existing technology that the full-area early warning method easily causes interference to non-target areas, misjudgment or panic, it solves the shortcomings of its alarm coverage being too large, the impact range being uncontrollable, and the evacuation guidance being unclear, and significantly improves the effectiveness of underground personnel evacuation and the pertinence of instructions.

[0047] 3. The present invention adopts an intelligent command platform and a dynamic evaluation mechanism driven by historical data. Through real-time decision support for multi-scenario emergency plans and analysis and optimization of accident handling records, combined with a path optimization algorithm to generate an optimal evacuation plan, it achieves the technical effects of rapid command, multi-module linkage and continuous improvement of emergency response capabilities. Compared with the emergency command method based on static plans in the prior art, there are technical solutions with long response time, inflexible resource scheduling, and difficulty in improving handling effects. This solves the shortcomings of its lack of dynamic adjustment capabilities and accident review mechanism, and effectively improves the scientific nature of emergency management and the long-term reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Please see attached Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and above and below pre-alarm system, the system comprising:

[0052] The surface monitoring module is used to monitor the water level, rainfall and environmental humidity at the mine wellhead and low-lying areas on the surface in real time, and generate dynamic water level warning signals;

[0053] A wellhead flood control module, including an automatic emergency flood control door, is used to receive the warning signal from the surface monitoring module and automatically close the flood control door when the water level reaches the warning line to prevent the ground water from flowing back into the well;

[0054] The underground warning and evacuation module includes an audible and visual alarm device and a wireless communication system, which is used for the rapid transmission of regional warnings and evacuation instructions in the underground operation area;

[0055] Emergency command module, including intelligent command platform, used for data integration, dynamic visualization and issuing emergency dispatch instructions;

[0056] System support modules, including communication network and data analysis modules, are used to achieve data transmission, processing and system operation stability between modules.

[0057] Specifically, through the coordinated work of multiple modules, comprehensive protection for mine flood prevention and emergency response can be achieved. The system includes a surface monitoring module, which is used to monitor the environmental parameters of the mine wellhead and low-lying areas on the surface in real time, including water level, rainfall and ambient humidity, and integrate these data to generate dynamic water level warning signals to identify the potential risk of water backflow in advance. The surface monitoring module adopts multi-sensor fusion technology, and through the deployment of ultrasonic water level sensors, optical water level sensors and rain gauges and other equipment, combined with edge computing technology, it processes the collected data in real time and transmits the cleaned data to the command platform. The wellhead flood control module includes an automatic emergency flood control door, which is made of high-strength composite materials and has the characteristics of high water pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent sealing performance. It can be kept open under normal conditions to ensure normal ventilation and transportation needs of the mine. The wellhead flood control module works in conjunction with the surface monitoring module. When the water level is detected to exceed the warning threshold, the automatic emergency flood control door receives the trigger signal and closes quickly. The electro-hydraulic linkage drive device realizes stable movement of the door body to prevent ground water from flowing back into the mine. At the same time, the sealing state and pressure conditions of the door body are fed back to the command platform in real time through the built-in sensor for remote confirmation and monitoring by the dispatcher. The underground early warning and evacuation module includes an audible and visual alarm device and a wireless communication system. The audible and visual alarm device transmits the alarm through a high-decibel industrial speaker and a multi-mode LED flash light, covering the underground operation area to ensure that personnel can quickly receive evacuation instructions. The wireless communication system It adopts a dual-channel design of main communication and backup communication, in which the Wi-Fi enhanced network is used as the main communication channel to cover the main tunnels and working faces of the mine. The LoRa wireless communication system is used as a backup channel to ensure stable signal transmission in the event of a main network interruption. The underground early warning and evacuation module supports the regional early warning function, which can accurately define the alarm area according to the scope of the accident, and quickly transmit the evacuation path information through sound and light signals to avoid interference with non-accident areas. The emergency command module includes an intelligent command platform, which integrates the data of the surface monitoring module and the underground early warning and evacuation module. It displays the mine water level changes, equipment status and personnel distribution in real time through a dynamic visualization interface, providing intuitive information support for dispatchers. The intelligent command platform also has built-in multi-scenario The emergency plan library automatically generates the optimal emergency response plan through rule algorithms and machine learning technology, and can issue linkage instructions including closing flood control gates, starting broadcasts and triggering evacuation with one click. The emergency command module also supports ground emergency warning and personnel assembly. By setting up sound and light alarm devices and SMS and telephone notification systems in key management offices and emergency team offices, it can quickly notify ground management personnel and guide them to complete assembly and enter the command state in the shortest time. The command platform records the arrival of ground personnel in real time and generates feedback data to ensure the integrity and efficiency of the ground command chain. The system support module ensures the stable operation of each module through the communication network and data analysis module. The communication network uses industrial Ethernet and Wi-Fi 6 as the main communication channel.And through node optimization deployment, it is ensured that there are no signal blind spots in the mine area. The data analysis module uses edge computing devices to process the collected environmental data in real time, and uses the cloud computing platform for long-term storage and trend analysis to provide data support for post-accident review and system optimization. The entire system realizes the collaborative work of various functions through modular design, and builds a closed-loop emergency defense system from perception, decision-making to execution, which significantly improves the mine's flood control emergency response capabilities and the safety of personnel in and out of the mine.

[0058] The surface monitoring module comprises:

[0059] Ultrasonic water level sensors and optical water level sensors are used to monitor real-time water levels at wellheads and low-lying areas;

[0060] rain gauges, which monitor rainfall intensity;

[0061] Humidity sensors are used to monitor changes in ambient humidity and generate early warning signals in combination with water level trend data;

[0062] Industrial gateways for transmitting sensor data to edge computing devices and performing real-time data preprocessing.

[0063] Specifically, the surface monitoring module includes various types of sensors and data transmission equipment, which can fully perceive the environmental parameters of the surface area of ​​the mine and provide basic data support for the early warning and linkage of the system. The module includes an ultrasonic water level sensor installed at the mine wellhead and low-lying areas to monitor the real-time water level changes of the accumulated water. Its non-contact measurement method can maintain stable operation under conditions of deep water accumulation and harsh environment, and provide high-precision water level data. It also has the advantages of convenient maintenance and long service life. The module also includes an optical water level sensor, which is used as a supplement to the ultrasonic water level sensor for high-precision water level monitoring in key areas. It is particularly suitable for rainy seasons or scenes with rapidly changing water accumulation. It works based on the principle of optical reflection and can accurately capture subtle changes in dynamic water levels and compensate for the monitoring blind spots that may appear in ultrasonic sensors in complex environments. The module further includes a rain gauge for monitoring the rainfall intensity in the mining area. The rainfall it collects The volume data can be combined with the water level data for comprehensive analysis to predict the future growth trend of waterlogging and form more forward-looking early warning information. The module is also equipped with a humidity sensor, which is installed in a key area near the mine entrance to monitor the dynamic changes of environmental humidity. The humidity data can be combined with the water level trend data to comprehensively analyze the possibility and speed of the spread of environmental waterlogging, and provide multi-dimensional environmental monitoring information. The module includes an industrial gateway for transmitting real-time data collected by various sensors to edge computing devices. The industrial gateway supports multiple communication protocols and can achieve unified access to multi-source data. Its built-in data preprocessing function can perform signal filtering, outlier removal and format conversion on sensor data to ensure that the uploaded data is accurate and reliable and reduce the burden of cloud computing. The surface monitoring module provides comprehensive environmental information support for the linkage and decision-making of the mine wellhead flood emergency defense system through multi-sensor fusion technology and real-time data transmission capabilities.

[0064] The wellhead flood prevention module comprises:

[0065] Automatic emergency flood control door, made of composite material, normally remains open and automatically closes when the water level warning line is triggered;

[0066] A driving system, including an electro-hydraulic linkage driving device and a manual operating device, used to complete automatic or manual closing of the flood control door in an emergency;

[0067] The flood control door status monitoring device includes a position sensor and a pressure sensor, which are used to detect the opening and closing status and pressure condition of the flood control door in real time.

[0068] Specifically, the wellhead flood control module is an important part of this system. It is mainly used to quickly cut off the wellhead water source when the surface water reaches the warning water level, prevent the accumulated water from backflowing into the mine, and ensure the safety of the mine. The module includes an automatic emergency flood control door. The flood control door adopts a composite material structure. Its door body is made of high-strength composite materials. It has excellent pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and resistance to high humidity environments. It can operate in complex mine wellhead environments for a long time. The flood control door remains fully open under normal conditions to ensure that the daily ventilation and transportation of the wellhead are not affected, and can respond quickly in an emergency to achieve automatic closing. The closing action of the flood control door is completed by the drive system. The drive system adopts an electro-hydraulic linkage drive device with high reliability and response speed. Its hydraulic part provides strong thrust, which can smoothly push the door body to close and ensure it is in place. At the same time, the electrical control part uses precise control algorithms to achieve real-time adjustment of the closing process to avoid overload or jamming. The drive system is also equipped with a manual operation device. When the electro-hydraulic system fails or there is a sudden power outage, on-site personnel can The emergency closing of the flood control door is completed manually to ensure the redundant safety of the system. The wellhead flood control module also includes a flood control door status monitoring device for real-time detection and feedback of the operating status of the flood control door. The device includes a position sensor and a pressure sensor. The position sensor can accurately capture the position changes of the flood control door during the closing or opening process, and monitor the movement trajectory of the door body in real time to ensure that the flood control door is not offset or not completely closed during the closing process. The pressure sensor is used to detect the water pressure of the flood control door after closing, and provide real-time monitoring information on the sealing status of the door body, so as to promptly alarm the command center when the water pressure is too high or the seal fails. The real-time data of the monitoring device is transmitted to the emergency command module through the communication network. The dispatcher can remotely view the opening and closing status and operating parameters of the flood control door through the command platform, and judge the on-site operation of the flood control door in combination with the video monitoring screen. The automatic emergency flood control door, drive system and status monitoring device of the wellhead flood control module form a complete linkage defense system, which can quickly and efficiently respond to the risk of surface water accumulation and provide a solid barrier for mine flood control.

[0069] The underground warning and evacuation module includes:

[0070] High-decibel sound alarm equipment for broadcasting emergency evacuation instructions;

[0071] Multi-mode LED light signal alarm device for graded alarms in low-light environments;

[0072] Wireless communication systems, including Wi-Fi enhanced networks and LoRa redundant communication systems, to ensure real-time transmission of alarm signals and evacuation instructions;

[0073] The regional warning subsystem is used to trigger the group warning mode of a specific area according to the accident scenario.

[0074] Specifically, the underground warning and evacuation module is an important part of this system. It is specially used for the transmission of emergency warning and personnel safety evacuation instructions in the underground working environment, ensuring that it can respond quickly and effectively evacuate underground personnel when an emergency occurs. The module includes a high-decibel sound alarm device, which uses an industrial-grade high-power speaker and can output extremely high-decibel sound signals to ensure that evacuation instructions can be clearly transmitted even in a noisy environment underground. The high-decibel sound alarm device has a speech synthesis function, which can play specific evacuation instructions according to the type of accident, and supports multi-language switching to adapt to operators with different language backgrounds. At the same time, the device supports continuous playback. and intermittent playback mode, which are used to adjust the alarm frequency and content according to the degree of urgency. The module also includes a multi-mode LED light signal alarm device, which is designed for low-light environments and uses a high-brightness LED light group to clearly transmit alarm signals under complex lighting conditions underground. The light signal has a variety of color modes to distinguish the alarm levels. For example, red indicates the highest danger level, yellow indicates the warning state, and blue indicates the evacuation path, thereby guiding personnel to quickly identify the evacuation direction. The multi-mode LED light signal alarm device has waterproof and dustproof functions to meet the long-term use requirements in the harsh environment of the mine. The wireless communication system of the module includes Wi-Fi enhanced network and Lo Ra redundant communication system, Wi-Fi enhanced network achieves comprehensive coverage of wireless signals by deploying signal enhancement nodes in the main tunnels, intersections and key facilities underground. Its main communication channel can support high-frequency data transmission and a wide range of multi-device access to ensure the rapid transmission of alarm signals and evacuation instructions. LoRa redundant communication system serves as a backup communication channel. When the main communication channel fails or the signal interference is serious, it automatically switches to the LoRa channel to ensure the continuity and reliability of alarm signal transmission. The module further includes a regional early warning subsystem, which realizes a regional alarm mode based on accident scenarios by grouping and managing various areas underground. When the accident impact range is small, the system can only trigger the alarm equipment in a specific area to avoid non-target areas receiving irrelevant alarms and causing chaos. The regional warning subsystem supports intelligent linkage functions, dynamically adjusts the alarm range through real-time monitoring data of the accident location, and combines the preset evacuation path optimization model to generate accurate evacuation instructions to guide personnel to evacuate to a safe area by the fastest path. The high-decibel sound alarm equipment, multi-mode LED light signal alarm device, wireless communication system and regional warning subsystem of the underground warning and evacuation module together constitute a warning and evacuation system with wide coverage and fast response, providing strong protection for the life safety of underground personnel.

[0075] The emergency command module includes:

[0076] Intelligent command platform, integrating data from surface monitoring module and underground early warning module;

[0077] 3D dynamic visualization module, used to display the water level, equipment status and personnel distribution inside the mine;

[0078] Decision-making support module, used to generate optimal emergency dispatch instructions based on multi-scenario emergency plans;

[0079] The command issuing system is used to initiate wellhead flood gate closure, underground broadcasting and evacuation linkage with one click.

[0080] Specifically, the emergency command module is the core hub of this system, which is used to integrate the data of all modules and perform unified scheduling and command to ensure rapid response and coordination of efficient operation of various subsystems in emergencies. The module includes an intelligent command platform, which accesses the data of the surface monitoring module and the underground early warning module through the industrial communication protocol, and collects mine environmental parameters, equipment status and personnel distribution information in real time. The intelligent command platform supports seamless integration of multiple data sources, can standardize different types of data, and quickly analyze real-time data through edge computing devices to reduce cloud processing pressure and ensure low latency of command transmission. The module further includes a 3D dynamic visualization module for intuitively displaying the operating status inside the mine. Its core function is to build a three-dimensional digital twin model based on the actual mine layout, dynamically displaying underground water level changes, equipment operating status and personnel distribution. The 3D dynamic visualization module highlights high-risk areas through color identification and dynamic heat map technology to assist in command. Personnel quickly locate the accident point and provide detailed evacuation route planning. The module also includes a decision-making assistance module with a built-in multi-scenario emergency plan library. It generates the optimal emergency response plan according to different accident types (such as water accumulation at the wellhead, roof fall underground, tunnel collapse, etc.). The decision-making assistance module combines rule algorithms with machine learning technology to dynamically adjust the plan content. For example, it optimizes the evacuation route according to real-time water level data and underground personnel distribution, and recommends priority evacuation areas and personnel. The module also includes an instruction release system for quickly transmitting the dispatch instructions generated by the decision-making assistance module to the execution unit. The instruction release system has a one-key linkage function. Through a preset instruction set, it realizes the closing of the wellhead flood control door, the activation of the underground broadcasting system, and the planning and execution of the evacuation route. At the same time, it supports a real-time feedback mechanism to ensure that the execution process of the instruction is visualized and controllable. The subsystems in the emergency command module work together to realize the integrated operation from data collection and analysis to command and dispatch, providing strong technical support for mine flood control and personnel safety.

[0081] The system support module includes:

[0082] Industrial Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks for data transmission in the main communication channels;

[0083] The LoRa communication system is used as a redundant channel for data backup transmission in extreme situations;

[0084] The data processing module, including edge computing devices and cloud computing platforms, is used for real-time processing of water level data and long-term storage and analysis.

[0085] Specifically, the system support module is the basic guarantee part of the operation of this system, which is responsible for data communication, real-time processing and system stability maintenance between modules. The module includes industrial Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks, which are used as the main communication channels to ensure the high speed and reliability of data transmission. Industrial Ethernet forms a high-bandwidth wired communication network through communication nodes deployed on the surface and underground areas, supporting concurrent data transmission of multiple devices and multiple modules. It has strong anti-interference ability and low transmission delay, and can meet the real-time requirements of the system. The Wi-Fi network is used as the main wireless channel to cover the underground operation area and tunnels. By deploying signal enhancement nodes at key intersections and equipment concentration areas, the stability and continuity of wireless signals in the underground environment are ensured. At the same time, it supports the access of mobile terminal devices to provide real-time data information support for underground workers. The module further includes the LoRa communication system as a redundant channel for the main communication channel, which is used for data backup transmission in extreme situations. The LoRa communication system is characterized by low power consumption and long-distance transmission. Its node deployment is flexible and it is particularly suitable for emergency communication scenarios in complex mine environments. When the industrial Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is interrupted or affected When interference occurs, the system will automatically switch to the LoRa communication channel to ensure the reliable transmission of key data and instructions and maintain the continuity of system functions. The module also includes a data processing module, which is responsible for real-time processing and long-term storage and analysis of environmental data and system operation status data collected by sensors. The data processing module is composed of edge computing devices and cloud computing platforms. The edge computing devices are deployed near the mine command center and local data processing is realized through distributed computing technology. Its core functions include signal filtering, outlier detection and trend prediction analysis of water level data. Edge computing can significantly reduce cloud processing pressure and communication delay, and provide guarantee for real-time response of the system. The cloud computing platform is responsible for the storage and in-depth analysis of historical data. Its functions include environmental prediction based on big data analysis, accident review and emergency plan optimization. Through the mining and modeling of long-term data, the system's adaptability to complex environmental changes is further improved. The system support module has formed a powerful technical support system through the dual-channel design of main communication and backup communication and the architecture combining real-time and long-term data processing, which provides a solid foundation for the efficient operation of various functional modules of the system and the safety of mines.

[0086] The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning method includes the following steps:

[0087] The surface monitoring module monitors the wellhead water level, rainfall and humidity in real time, and uploads the data to the emergency command module;

[0088] When the water level reaches the warning line, the command module triggers the wellhead flood control module to close the automatic emergency flood control gate;

[0089] The emergency command module activates the regional sound and light alarm through the underground early warning module to transmit evacuation instructions to the underground personnel;

[0090] The system support module ensures the stability of the communication network and records the operating status of each module.

[0091] Specifically, through the coordinated linkage of multiple modules, the backflow of ground water and underground safety accidents can be effectively prevented in extreme weather or sudden accidents, ensuring the safe evacuation of personnel and the stability of equipment operation. The method includes the following steps: First, the surface monitoring module monitors the mine wellhead and surrounding areas in real time. The ultrasonic water level sensor and the optical water level sensor respectively collect real-time water level data of the low-lying area of ​​the wellhead. The rain gauge monitors the rainfall intensity. The humidity sensor captures the dynamic changes of the ambient humidity. The surface monitoring module uploads the data collected by various sensors to the edge computing device through the industrial gateway for preprocessing. The preprocessing includes data denoising, outlier removal and fusion analysis, and generates dynamic water level trends. The processed data is transmitted to the emergency command module via industrial Ethernet and integrated and analyzed by the intelligent command platform to determine whether subsequent emergency operations need to be triggered. When the water level reaches the warning line, the emergency command module receives the warning signal from the surface monitoring module and immediately starts the wellhead flood control module to trigger the automatic emergency flood control door closing program. When the flood control door is closed, the electro-hydraulic linkage drive device responds quickly and adjusts the closing speed according to the control algorithm to ensure that the door body closes smoothly. At the same time, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the door body in real time, and the position sensor feedbacks the closing state of the door body to prevent incomplete closure or abnormal closure. The emergency command module uses intelligent command to The platform dynamically monitors the closing process of the flood control gate and confirms the on-site conditions of the wellhead in real time through the video surveillance screen. At the same time, the emergency command module activates the regional sound and light alarm system through the underground early warning module to quickly transmit the evacuation order to the underground workers. The sound and light alarm system plays voice alarms through high-decibel industrial speakers and uses multi-mode LED light signal devices to distinguish different alarm levels by color, guiding underground personnel to identify the evacuation direction. The underground early warning module supports regional early warning functions, triggering sound and light alarms in specific areas according to the scope of the accident, avoiding interference in non-target areas, thereby improving the accuracy of the alarm and the evacuation efficiency of underground personnel. The system support module uses industrial Ethernet The Internet and Wi-Fi network ensure the stability of the main communication channel, and use the LoRa communication system as a redundant channel. When the main channel fails, it switches to the backup channel to ensure the reliable transmission of key data and evacuation instructions. In addition, the system support module is also responsible for recording the operating status of each module, including sensor data, communication logs, flood control door operation records, and alarm trigger time. These records are stored for a long time through the cloud computing platform for post-accident review and system optimization. This method realizes a closed-loop response from surface monitoring to underground evacuation through real-time monitoring, intelligent judgment and multi-module linkage, which greatly improves the automation level and safety of mine flood control and emergency management.

[0092] The surface monitoring module predicts the water level trend through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm and triggers the pre-closure state of the wellhead flood control module in advance when the water level exceeds the warning threshold.

[0093] The underground early warning module uses the regional early warning subsystem to accurately define the alarm triggering area according to the accident impact range, thereby reducing interference from non-target areas.

[0094] The emergency command module optimizes the evacuation route through an intelligent decision-making algorithm and generates a dynamic evaluation report based on historical data for post-accident system improvement and plan optimization.

[0095] Specifically, the surface monitoring module uses a multi-sensor fusion algorithm to accurately predict the water level trend at the mine wellhead, ensuring that early warning information can be generated in time when the water level changes rapidly, thereby buying valuable time for subsequent defense measures. The multi-sensor fusion algorithm is based on data collected by ultrasonic water level sensors, optical water level sensors and rain gauges. It denoises and fuses different sensor data through weighted Kalman filtering technology to eliminate possible errors in a single sensor and generate a unified water level trend curve. The algorithm combines rainfall, humidity and historical water level change data, and uses machine learning models (such as long short-term memory networks LSTM) to predict the changing trend of water levels in the short term in the future, and accurately identify the risk of reaching the early warning threshold. When the water level approaches the early warning threshold, the system triggers the wellhead flood control module to enter the pre-closing state in advance, drives the flood control gate to partially close, and keeps close monitoring of the water level rise rate so that the full closing action can be quickly completed when the water level rises further. The design of the pre-closing state can effectively reduce the water pressure shock during emergency closure, extend the service life of the equipment and improve the closure efficiency.

[0096] The underground warning module uses the built-in regional warning subsystem and combines the complexity of the underground working environment to accurately define the alarm trigger area according to the scope of the accident impact, so as to minimize the interference of non-target areas. The regional warning subsystem dynamically adjusts the scope and intensity of the alarm trigger by real-time monitoring of the accident point location and the scope of impact. Its logic is based on the distribution data of the mine working surface, the tunnel layout and the trajectory of personnel activities. The system supports alarm triggering modes for a single area, multiple adjacent areas and the entire mine. When the accident affects a small area, the sound and light alarm device is only activated on a specific working surface to avoid misjudgment or excessive tension of personnel in other non-affected areas, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the alarm. In addition, the regional warning subsystem combines the signal distribution of the sound and light alarm with the evacuation route guidance according to the evacuation path optimization model to ensure that underground personnel can quickly identify the evacuation direction and safely reach the safe area.

[0097] The emergency command module optimizes the evacuation route of personnel through an intelligent decision-making algorithm, providing a scientific basis for efficient evacuation in complex environments. The intelligent decision-making algorithm combines real-time water level data, accident impact range, personnel distribution and mine three-dimensional layout model, generates the shortest evacuation route through a path optimization algorithm (such as A* algorithm or Di jkstra algorithm), and dynamically marks possible dangerous areas in the path to avoid risks. The algorithm also has an embedded historical data analysis function, which uses the disposal records of past accidents and the execution effect of the plan to generate a dynamic evaluation report on the accident disposal. The evaluation report is based on a data-driven analysis framework, and records in detail key indicators such as the accident trigger point, warning signal transmission time, flood control gate closure time, number of evacuees and completion time, identifies bottlenecks and deficiencies in system operation, and the generated report is displayed to system managers through the intelligent command platform, providing an important basis for the adjustment of emergency plans and continuous optimization of the system. Through multi-sensor fusion prediction, regional warning precise triggering and intelligent decision-making to optimize the evacuation route, the entire system realizes efficient management of the entire chain from prediction to response, from alarm to evacuation, and effectively improves the mine's flood prevention and emergency disposal capabilities.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and above-and below-mine early warning system, characterized by: The system comprises: The surface monitoring module is used to monitor the water level, rainfall and environmental humidity at the mine wellhead and low-lying areas on the surface in real time, and generate dynamic water level warning signals; A wellhead flood control module, including an automatic emergency flood control door, is used to receive the warning signal from the surface monitoring module and automatically close the flood control door when the water level reaches the warning line to prevent the ground water from flowing back into the well; The underground warning and evacuation module includes an audible and visual alarm device and a wireless communication system, which is used for the rapid transmission of regional warnings and evacuation instructions in the underground operation area; Emergency command module, including intelligent command platform, used for data integration, dynamic visualization and issuing emergency dispatch instructions; System support modules, including communication network and data analysis modules, are used to achieve data transmission, processing and system operation stability between modules.

2. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface monitoring module comprises: Ultrasonic water level sensors and optical water level sensors are used to monitor real-time water levels at wellheads and low-lying areas; rain gauges, which monitor rainfall intensity; Humidity sensors are used to monitor changes in ambient humidity and generate early warning signals in combination with water level trend data; Industrial gateways for transmitting sensor data to edge computing devices and performing real-time data preprocessing.

3. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wellhead flood prevention module comprises: Automatic emergency flood control door, made of composite material, normally remains open and automatically closes when the water level warning line is triggered; A driving system, including an electro-hydraulic linkage driving device and a manual operating device, used to complete automatic or manual closing of the flood control door in an emergency; The flood control door status monitoring device includes a position sensor and a pressure sensor, which are used to detect the opening and closing status and pressure condition of the flood control door in real time.

4. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underground warning and evacuation module includes: High-decibel sound alarm equipment for broadcasting emergency evacuation instructions; Multi-mode LED light signal alarm device for graded alarms in low-light environments; Wireless communication systems, including Wi-Fi enhanced networks and LoRa redundant communication systems, to ensure real-time transmission of alarm signals and evacuation instructions; The regional warning subsystem is used to trigger the group warning mode of a specific area according to the accident scenario.

5. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emergency command module includes: Intelligent command platform, integrating data from surface monitoring module and underground early warning module; 3D dynamic visualization module, used to display the water level, equipment status and personnel distribution inside the mine; Decision-making support module, used to generate optimal emergency dispatch instructions based on multi-scenario emergency plans; The command issuing system is used to initiate wellhead flood gate closure, underground broadcasting and evacuation linkage with one click.

6. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system support module includes: Industrial Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks for data transmission in the main communication channels; The LoRa communication system is used as a redundant channel for data backup transmission in extreme situations; The data processing module, including edge computing devices and cloud computing platforms, is used for real-time processing of water level data and long-term storage and analysis.

7. A mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning method, according to claims 1-6, a mine extreme weather emergency defense and underground early warning system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The surface monitoring module monitors the wellhead water level, rainfall and humidity in real time, and uploads the data to the emergency command module; When the water level reaches the warning line, the command module triggers the wellhead flood control module to close the automatic emergency flood control gate; The emergency command module activates the regional sound and light alarm through the underground early warning module to transmit evacuation instructions to the underground personnel; The system support module ensures the stability of the communication network and records the operating status of each module.

8. The method for emergency defense against extreme weather in mines and early warning of mines and underground mines according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The surface monitoring module predicts the water level trend through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm and triggers the pre-closure state of the wellhead flood control module in advance when the water level exceeds the warning threshold.

9. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The underground early warning module uses the regional early warning subsystem to accurately define the alarm triggering area according to the accident impact range, thereby reducing interference from non-target areas.

10. The mine extreme weather emergency defense and mine and underground early warning method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The emergency command module optimizes the evacuation route through an intelligent decision-making algorithm and generates a dynamic evaluation report based on historical data for post-accident system improvement and plan optimization.

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