Soil slope water flow erosion resistance test device and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a soil slope water flow erosion resistance test device and a test method thereof, and relates to the field of soil body soil mechanics parameter measurement. The soil slope water flow erosion resistance test device comprises a fixing frame, guide rail frames are fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom of the fixing frame, and an air cylinder frame is fixedly connected to the side, close to the guide rail frames, of the fixing frame; an adjusting assembly is arranged in the guide rail frame, and a traction assembly is arranged on the adjusting assembly; a pressurizing assembly is arranged in the air cylinder frame, and a spraying assembly is arranged on the pressurizing assembly. According to the soil slope water flow erosion resistance test device and the test method thereof, through cooperation of the adjusting assembly, the traction assembly, the pressurization assembly and the spraying assembly, synchronous test operation of multiple sets of scenes is completed under the conditions of different simulated rainfall and different soft and hard soil, the multiple sets of scenes can form distinct comparison reference, repeated operation is not needed, time and labor are saved, and the test efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, water resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil mechanics parameter measurement of soil, and in particular to a soil slope water erosion resistance test device and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil erosion refers to the phenomenon that due to the influence of natural or human factors, rainwater cannot be absorbed locally, but flows downstream and washes the soil, causing the loss of both water and soil. The main reasons are large ground slope, improper land use, destruction of ground vegetation, unreasonable farming techniques, loose soil, deforestation, overgrazing, etc. The hazards of soil erosion are mainly manifested in: erosion and destruction of the soil cultivating layer, which makes the soil fertility increasingly exhausted; siltation of rivers, channels, and reservoirs, reducing the efficiency of water conservancy projects, and even leading to water and drought disasters, seriously affecting industrial and agricultural production; soil erosion poses a serious threat to agricultural production in mountainous areas and downstream rivers.

[0003] In the prior art (the publication number is CN106290800B, and the patent name is a patent application for a method and device for simulating the test of the water erosion resistance of soil slopes). The device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and is suitable for measuring the soil mechanics parameters of slope soil. In the process of implementing the technical solution, it is found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art.

[0004] The phenomenon of soil erosion and water loss is becoming increasingly serious. In order to better understand the phenomenon of soil erosion and water loss, test devices are often used to observe it. However, the test devices currently used can only meet the needs of soil loss tests under one condition at a time, and cannot conduct soil loss tests under multiple conditions simultaneously. They cannot play an obvious comparative role, are not intuitive enough, and require repeated operations many times, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is impossible to complete the synchronous test operation of multiple scenes under different simulated rainfall and different soft and hard soil conditions, and that it needs to be repeated many times, which is not intuitive and is also time-consuming and laborious. To this end, the present application proposes a soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device and a test method thereof.

[0006] The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to the embodiment of the present application includes: a fixed frame, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a guide frame on all four sides, and a cylinder frame is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame close to the guide frame; An adjusting component is arranged in the guide rail frame, and a pulling component is arranged on the adjusting component; A pressurizing component is arranged in the cylinder frame, and a spraying component is arranged on the pressurizing component.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a double-headed motor, which is embedded in a side of the fixed frame close to the cylinder frame, and an electric push rod is embedded in an output shaft of the double-headed motor, the piston rod of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear is provided on the other side of the driving bevel gear, the top of the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to a screw rod that rotates with the fixed frame, and the surface wall of the screw rod is threadedly connected to a screw rod sleeve, and the outer wall of the screw rod sleeve is fixedly connected to a lifting plate that slides with the fixed frame.

[0008] Preferably, the pulling assembly includes guide wheels, three groups of the guide wheels are fixed on the top of the fixed frame, and the top of the lifting plate is fixedly connected with steel wire ropes that cooperate with the guide wheels for transmission, the inner cavities of the three groups of guide rail frames are provided with T-shaped guide rails, and the inner cavities of the T-shaped guide rails are slidably connected with T-shaped guide rail seats, the tops of the three groups of T-shaped guide rail seats are hinged with test frames, and the side of the test frame away from the T-shaped guide rail seat is hinged with a T-shaped slide that is fixedly matched with the steel wire rope, and the fixed frame is provided with T-shaped grooves that slidably cooperate with the T-shaped slide seats.

[0009] Preferably, the pressurizing assembly includes a concave rod rack, which is fixed on the other output shaft of the double-headed motor, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the center of the concave rod rack, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the surface wall of the rotating sleeve, and a piston that slides with the cylinder rack is hinged on the top of the connecting rod, the top of the cylinder rack is connected to an intake pipe, and an intake valve is provided on the intake pipe, and the exhaust port of the cylinder rack is connected to a boost pipe, an exhaust valve is provided on the boost pipe, and the bottom end of the boost pipe is connected to an arc pipe, and the head and tail ends of the arc pipe are connected to an air storage cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the spray assembly includes a water tank, which is fixed at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the water tank is connected to the air cylinder through a pipe, the side of the water tank away from the air cylinder is connected to a booster valve, and the top of the booster valve is connected to a telescopic hose, the tops of the three groups of telescopic hoses are connected to flow valves, and the inner ends of the flow valves are connected to a square pipe rack fixedly matched with the test frame, the bottom ends of the three groups of square pipe racks are connected to spray nozzles, and the outer sides of the square pipe racks are fixedly connected to a monitoring camera used in conjunction with the test frame.

[0011] Preferably, the three groups of test frames are made of transparent acrylic material, and the outer sides of the test frames are connected to mud storage boxes, and the three groups of mud storage boxes are embedded with weighing sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the three groups of test frames are fixedly connected with a bracket near the top of the mud storage box, and the top of the bracket is fixedly connected with an electric push rod, and the piston rods of the three groups of electric push rods are fixedly connected with a baffle used in conjunction with the test frame and the mud storage box.

[0013] Preferably, the three groups of mud storage boxes are fixedly connected to a water collecting rack on one side away from the test rack, and filter holes are provided between the water collecting rack and the mud storage boxes, and the three groups of filter holes are distributed in an array.

[0014] Preferably, the water tank is designed in a truncated cone shape, and a liquid level sensor is embedded in the center of the top of the water tank, and a guide ball cooperating with the wire rope transmission is embedded on the side of the fixing frame close to the guide wheel.

[0015] The soil slope water erosion resistance test method, according to the soil slope water erosion resistance test device described above, comprises the following steps: Step 1: First, pour the test soil into the three groups of test frames in the horizontal initial state, and apply different forces to tamp the test soil in the three groups of test frames according to hard, between hard and soft, and soft. Then, first control the electric push rod to open and drive the driving bevel gear to reach the meshing part of the driven bevel gear, and then control the double-headed motor to open and drive the screw on the driven bevel gear to rotate at a low speed through the driving bevel gear in place. The screw drives the lifting plate on the screw sleeve to slide upward in the fixed frame. After the lifting plate slides down to the predetermined position, control the double-headed motor to pause, and then control the electric push rod to close and drive the driving bevel gear to disengage from the meshing part of the driven bevel gear to the initial position. Step 2. At the same time, under the guiding transmission of the three sets of guide wheels and guide balls, the descending lifting plate drives the three sets of steel wire ropes to pull downward, and the three sets of steel wire ropes pulled downward drive the three sets of T-shaped slides to slide upward and lift in the three sets of T-shaped slide grooves, and the ascending three sets of T-shaped slides drive the three sets of test frames to pull upward, and the inclination angles between the three sets of test frames and the three sets of guide rail frames also change accordingly, and at the same time, the ascending three sets of test frames drive the three sets of T-shaped guide rail seats to slide inward in the T-shaped guide rails on the three sets of guide rail frames until the three sets of test frames are lifted upward to a predetermined height, at which time, the three soil samples in the three sets of test frames reach a predetermined tilt state; Step 3, next, the other output shaft of the double-headed motor drives the concave rod frame to rotate at high speed. At this time, the electric push rod and the driving bevel gear are in an idling state. The concave rod frame drives the piston on the connecting rod through the rotating sleeve to perform reciprocating work in the cylinder frame. When the piston is in the return stroke inhalation in the cylinder frame, the intake valve on the intake pipe is opened, and the exhaust valve on the boost pipe is closed, so that the outside air enters the cylinder frame. When the piston is in the process exhaust in the cylinder frame, the exhaust valve on the boost pipe is opened, and the intake valve on the intake pipe is closed. The piston supplies the pressurized gas in the cylinder frame from the boost pipe through the three groups of arc pipes into the three groups of air storage cylinders; Step 4, the pressurized gas in the three groups of gas cylinders is supplied to the water tank in one direction through the pipeline. Since the water tank is a closed space, the pressure of the water tank gradually increases with the continuous supply of three-way pressurized gas, and the three groups of boosting valves are opened. Under the action of pressure, the pigment water filled in the water tank in advance is supplied to the three groups of telescopic hoses through the three groups of boosting valves. At the same time, the liquid level sensor monitors the pigment water level in the water tank in real time to timely add pigment water, and correspondingly controls the three groups of flow valves to be opened according to three kinds of flow adjustment of large, medium and small. The three-way pigment water is supplied to the three groups of square pipe racks through the three groups of flow valves after flow adjustment by the three groups of telescopic hoses, and then evenly sprayed into the three groups of test racks after being in place by the three groups of spray nozzles. The three types of test soils of hard, intermediate and soft in the three groups of test racks are sprayed according to large, medium and small rainfall, simulating the anti-water flow erosion test scene of different rainfall amounts on test soils of different hardness; Step 5. Since the three groups of test frames are made of transparent acrylic material, the test personnel can directly observe the flow paths and flow rates of the three groups of pigment water with different flow rates in the test soils of different hardness, which is convenient for tracking. At the same time, after the three groups of monitoring cameras correspond to high-definition monitoring, the three groups of electric cylinders are opened and the three groups of baffles are driven to rise. The pigment water and the lost test soil in the three groups of test frames are mixed and flow into the three groups of mud storage boxes. First, the three groups of weighing sensors weigh the pigment water and test soil mixture in the three groups of mud storage boxes as a whole. Then, the pigment water in the three groups of mud storage boxes flows through the three groups of filter holes to the three groups of water collecting frames, leaving the lost test soil in the mud storage boxes. The three groups of weighing sensors then weigh the test soil that has lost the pigment water, and the water erosion resistance test data of different hardness and softness test soils with different rainfall amounts are obtained.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: during the simulation of the test on the anti-water erosion of the soil slope, the double-headed motor of the adjusting component first provides a unified driving source, and the electric push rod adjusts the meshing stroke between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and then the lead screw and the lead screw sleeve drive the lifting plate to move up and down accordingly. Under the cooperation of the sliding supports of three sets of T-guide rails and T-guide rail seats and three sets of T-slots and T-slot seats, the lifting plate of the lifting action performs tilting and pulling operations on the three sets of test frames through the three sets of steel wire ropes of the pulling component to simulate the slope scenes with different inclination angles. Then, the concave rod frame of the pressurizing component drives the piston on the connecting rod through the rotating sleeve to perform reciprocating work and generate The pressurized gas is then supplied into three groups of air cylinders by three groups of booster pipes and arc tubes. Then, the pressurized gas in the three groups of air cylinders applies pressure to the water tank of the spray assembly, forcing the pigment water in the water tank to be supplied into the three groups of square pipe racks according to the set flow rate through the telescopic hoses and flow valves on the three groups of booster valves. Finally, it is sprayed out by the three groups of spray nozzles to simulate different rainfall scenes. At the same time, three groups of monitoring cameras track and monitor the changes between the test soil and the pigment water in the three groups of test racks. Under the conditions of different simulated rainfall and different soft and hard soils, the synchronous test operations of multiple groups of scenes are completed. The multiple groups of scenes can form a clear contrast reference, and there is no need to repeat the operation many times, saving time and effort.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is an initial state diagram of a soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a test state diagram of a soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is an internal cross-sectional view of an initial state of a soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is an internal cross-sectional view of a soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device in a test state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a diagram of the initial state of the adjustment component and the pulling component structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a diagram showing the working state of the adjustment component and the pulling component structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a diagram of the initial state of the pulling assembly and the reflux assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a diagram showing the working state of the pulling assembly and the reflux assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 is a diagram of the initial state of the pressurizing component and the spraying component structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 It is a structural working state diagram of a pressurizing component and a spraying component according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 is a side view of the fixing frame and the guide rail frame structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 It is a partial cross-sectional exploded view of the pulling assembly and the reflux assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Icons: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Guide rail frame; 3. Cylinder frame; 4. Adjustment assembly; 41. Double-head motor; 42. Electric push rod; 43. Driving bevel gear; 44. Driven bevel gear; 45. Screw rod; 46. Screw rod sleeve; 47. Lifting plate; 5. Pulling assembly; 51. Guide wheel; 52. Wire rope; 53. T-type guide rail; 54. T-type guide rail seat; 55. Test frame; 56. T-type slide; 57. T-type slide seat; 6. Pressurization assembly; 61. Concave rod frame; 62. Rotating sleeve; 63. Connecting rod; 64. Piston; 65. Boosting pipe; 66. Arc shaped tube; 67, air storage cylinder; 7, spray assembly; 71, water tank; 72, booster valve; 73, telescopic hose; 74, flow valve; 75, square pipe rack; 76, spray nozzle; 77, monitoring camera; 8, reflux assembly; 81, water pipe; 82, solenoid valve; 83, treatment box; 84, primary filter; 85, secondary filter; 86, tertiary filter; 87, blocking plate; 88, reflux hose; 9, mud storage box; 10, weighing sensor; 11, electric cylinder; 12, baffle plate; 13, water collecting rack; 14, filter hole; 15, liquid level sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation methods of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the implementation methods of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation methods of this application. Obviously, the described implementation methods are part of the implementation methods of this application, not all of the implementation methods. Based on the implementation methods in this application, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to the embodiment of the present application includes: a fixing frame 1, the bottom of the fixing frame 1 is fixedly connected to the guide rail frame 2 on all sides, and the side of the fixing frame 1 close to the guide rail frame 2 is fixedly connected to the cylinder frame 3; An adjusting component 4 is provided in the guide rail frame 2, and a pulling component 5 used in conjunction with the guide rail frame 2 is provided on the adjusting component 4 to adjust the rising height and tilt angle of the three groups of test frames 55; A pressurizing assembly 6 is provided in the cylinder frame 3, and a spraying assembly 7 used in conjunction with the pulling assembly 5 is provided on the pressurizing assembly 6 to simulate heavy, medium and light rainfall for the test soils of different hardness in the three groups of test frames 55 after being adjusted in place.

[0029] like Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the adjustment component 4 includes a double-headed motor 41, which is embedded in one side of the fixed frame 1 close to the cylinder frame 3. The double-headed motor 41 first provides a unified driving source, and an output shaft of the double-headed motor 41 is embedded with an electric push rod 42, the piston rod of the electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected with a driving bevel gear 43, and a driven bevel gear 44 is provided on the other side of the driving bevel gear 43, and the electric push rod 42 adjusts the meshing stroke between the driving bevel gear 43 and the driven bevel gear 44, and the top of the driven bevel gear 44 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 45 that rotates with the fixed frame 1, and the surface wall of the screw rod 45 is threadedly connected with a screw rod sleeve 46, and the outer wall of the screw rod sleeve 46 is fixedly connected with a lifting plate 47 that slides with the fixed frame 1, and the lifting plate 47 is driven by the screw rod 45 and the screw rod sleeve 46 to move up and down accordingly.

[0030] The pulling assembly 5 includes guide wheels 51, three groups of guide wheels 51 are fixed on the top of the fixed frame 1, and the top of the lifting plate 47 is fixedly connected with steel wire ropes 52 that are in transmission with the guide wheels 51 all around, the inner cavities of the three groups of guide rail frames 2 are provided with T-shaped guide rails 53, and the inner cavities of the T-shaped guide rails 53 are slidably connected with T-shaped guide rail seats 54, the tops of the three groups of T-shaped guide rail seats 54 are hinged with test frames 55, and the side of the test frame 55 away from the T-shaped guide rail seat 54 is hinged with a T-shaped slide seat 57 that is fixedly matched with the steel wire rope 52, and the fixed frame 1 is provided with T-shaped grooves 56 that are slidably matched with the T-shaped slide seat 57 all around, and under the sliding support cooperation of the three groups of T-shaped guide rails 53 and the T-shaped guide rail seat 54 and the three groups of T-shaped grooves 56 and the T-shaped slide seat 57, the lifting plate 47 in lifting action performs tilting pulling operations on the three groups of test frames 55 through the three groups of steel wire ropes 52 to simulate slope scenes with different inclination angles; A guide ball that cooperates with the transmission of the wire rope 52 is embedded on one side of the fixed frame 1 close to the guide wheel 51, and the wire rope 52 is auxiliaryly transmitted to prevent the wire rope 52 from being worn at the fixed frame 1. The three groups of test frames 55 are made of transparent acrylic material, which is convenient for test personnel to observe the flow path and speed of the pigment water in the test soil with different hardness in the three groups of test frames 55, and convenient for tracking and observation. The outer side of the test frame 55 is connected to a mud storage box 9, and the three groups of mud storage boxes 9 are embedded with weighing sensors 10 to weigh the test soil flowing into the mud storage box 9; The three groups of test racks 55 are fixedly connected with a bracket near the top of the mud storage box 9, and the top of the bracket is fixedly connected with an electric push rod 42. The piston rods of the three groups of electric push rods 42 are fixedly connected with a baffle plate 12 used in conjunction with the test rack 55 and the mud storage box 9 to block and control the test soil and pigment water lost between the test rack 55 and the mud storage box 9; The three groups of mud storage boxes 9 are fixedly connected to a water collecting frame 13 on one side away from the test frame 55, and filter holes 14 are opened between the water collecting frame 13 and the mud storage boxes 9. The lost pigment water is pre-filtered and then flows into the water collecting frame 13. The three groups of filter holes 14 are distributed in an array.

[0031] The pressurizing assembly 6 includes a concave rod frame 61, which is fixed on the other output shaft of the double-headed motor 41, and a rotating sleeve 62 is rotatably connected to the center of the concave rod frame 61, and a connecting rod 63 is fixedly connected to the surface wall of the rotating sleeve 62, and a piston 64 that slides with the cylinder frame 3 is hinged on the top of the connecting rod 63, and the piston 64 on the connecting rod 63 is driven by the concave rod frame 61 through the rotating sleeve 62 to reciprocate and generate pressurized gas, the top of the cylinder frame 3 is connected to an intake pipe, and an intake valve is provided on the intake pipe, and the exhaust port of the cylinder frame 3 is connected to a boosting pipe 65, and an exhaust valve is provided on the boosting pipe 65, and the bottom end of the boosting pipe 65 is connected to an arc pipe 66, and the head and tail ends of the arc pipe 66 are connected to an air storage cylinder 67, and the three-way pressurized gas is then supplied to the three groups of air storage cylinders 67 by three groups of boosting pipes 65 and arc pipes 66.

[0032] The spray assembly 7 includes a water tank 71, which is fixed at the bottom of the fixed frame 1, and the water tank 71 is connected to the gas storage cylinder 67 through a pipeline. The side of the water tank 71 away from the gas storage cylinder 67 is connected to a booster valve 72, and the top of the booster valve 72 is connected to a telescopic hose 73, the tops of the three groups of telescopic hoses 73 are connected to flow valves 74, and the inner ends of the flow valves 74 are connected to a square pipe rack 75 fixedly matched with the test frame 55. The pressurized gas in the three groups of gas storage cylinders 67 applies pressure to the water tank 71, forcing the pigment water in the water tank 71 to pass through the telescopic hoses 73 and the flow valves 74 on the three groups of booster valves 72 and be supplied to the three groups of square pipe racks 75 according to the set flow rate. The bottom ends of the three groups of square tube racks 75 are connected with spray nozzles 76, and the outer sides of the square tube racks 75 are fixedly connected with monitoring cameras 77 used in conjunction with the test racks 55. Finally, the three groups of spray nozzles 76 spray out to simulate different rainfall scenes. At the same time, the three groups of monitoring cameras 77 track and monitor the changes between the test soil and the pigment water in the three groups of test racks 55. Under the conditions of different simulated rainfall and different soft and hard soils, the synchronous test operations of multiple groups of scenes are completed. The multiple groups of scenes can form a clear contrast reference, and there is no need to repeat the operation many times, which saves time and effort. The water tank 71 is designed in a truncated cone shape, and a liquid level sensor 15 is embedded in the center of the top of the water tank 71 to detect the water level change of the pigment water in the water tank 71 in real time so as to add the pigment water in time.

[0033] like Fig.12 As shown, during the simulation of the water flow erosion resistance test of the soil slope, most of the water used is directly discharged, and the water used in the test cannot be recycled. While wasting water, the cost of the test water is also increased, which is not worth the loss. The bottom of the three groups of water collecting racks 13 is provided with a reflux component 8, and the reflux component 8 includes a water delivery pipe 81. The three groups of water delivery pipes 81 are connected to the bottom of the water collecting rack 13, and the head end of the water delivery pipe 81 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 82. After the three groups of electromagnetic valves 82 are opened, the pigment water collected by the three groups of water collecting racks 13 flows into the three groups of water delivery pipes 81; The ends of the three groups of water pipes 81 are connected to a processing box 83 fixedly matched with the test frame 55. The pigment water flowing into the three groups of water pipes 81 is then gathered in the three groups of processing boxes 83. The bottom of the three groups of processing boxes 83 is provided with a blocking plate 87, and the top of the blocking plate 87 is respectively fixedly connected with a primary filter 84, a secondary filter 85 and a tertiary filter 86 used in conjunction with the processing box 83, so as to perform a three-stage filtration on the pigment water in the three groups of processing boxes 83 to remove small particles of sediment in the pigment water; The three groups of processing boxes 83 are connected to a return hose 88 used in conjunction with the water tank 71 on one side away from the water pipe 81. The pigment water after filtering is returned to the water tank 71 in one direction through the three groups of return hoses 88 to be used for the next test. A one-way valve is provided at one end of the return hose 88 close to the water tank 71 to prevent the pigment water from flowing back into the return hose 88 after pressure is applied in the water tank 71, thereby avoiding water waste and reducing the cost of test water.

[0034] The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test method, according to the soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device mentioned above, comprises the following steps: Step 1, first pour the test soil into the three groups of test frames 55 in the horizontal initial state, and apply different forces to tamp the test soil in the three groups of test frames 55 according to hard, between hard and soft, and soft. Then, first control the electric push rod 42 to open and drive the driving bevel gear 43 to reach the meshing part of the driven bevel gear 44, and then control the double-headed motor 41 to open and drive the screw rod 45 on the driven bevel gear 44 to rotate at a low speed through the driving bevel gear 43 in place. The screw rod 45 drives the lifting plate 47 on the screw rod sleeve 46 to slide upward in the fixed frame 1. After the lifting plate 47 slides down to the predetermined position, control the double-headed motor 41 to pause, and then control the electric push rod 42 to close and drive the driving bevel gear 43 to disengage the meshing part of the driven bevel gear 44 to the initial position; Step 2. At the same time, under the guiding transmission action of the three sets of guide wheels 51 and the guide balls, the descending lifting plate 47 drives the three sets of steel wire ropes 52 to be pulled downward, and the three sets of steel wire ropes 52 pulled downward drive the three sets of T-shaped slide seats 57 to slide upward and lift in the three sets of T-shaped slide grooves 56, and the ascending three sets of T-shaped slide seats 57 drive the three sets of test frames 55 to be pulled upward, and the inclination angle between the three sets of test frames 55 and the three sets of guide rail frames 2 also changes accordingly, and at the same time, the ascending three sets of test frames 55 drive the three sets of T-shaped guide rail seats 54 to slide inward in the T-shaped guide rails 53 on the three sets of guide rail frames 2, until the three sets of test frames 55 are lifted upward to a predetermined height, at which time, the three soil samples in the three sets of test frames 55 reach a predetermined inclined state; Step 3, next, the other output shaft of the double-headed motor 41 drives the concave rod frame 61 to rotate at high speed. At this time, the electric push rod 42 and the driving bevel gear 43 are in an idling state. The concave rod frame 61 drives the piston 64 on the connecting rod 63 through the rotating sleeve 62 to perform reciprocating work in the cylinder frame 3. When the piston 64 is in the return stroke inhalation in the cylinder frame 3, the intake valve on the intake pipe is opened, and the exhaust valve on the boost pipe 65 is closed, so that the outside air enters the cylinder frame 3. When the piston 64 is in the process exhaust in the cylinder frame 3, the exhaust valve on the boost pipe 65 is opened, and the intake valve on the intake pipe is closed. The piston 64 supplies the pressurized gas in the cylinder frame 3 from the boost pipe 65 through the three groups of arc pipes 66 into the three groups of air storage cylinders 67; Step 4: The pressurized gas in the three gas storage cylinders 67 is supplied to the water tank 71 in one direction through the pipeline. Since the water tank 71 is a closed space, the pressure of the water tank 71 gradually increases with the continuous supply of the three-way pressurized gas, and the three sets of booster valves 72 are opened. Under the action of the pressure, the pigment water pre-filled in the water tank 71 is supplied to the three sets of telescopic hoses 73 through the three sets of booster valves 72 (the color of the pigment water can be red, green, blue and other conspicuous colors, and the pigment water is a mixture of pigment and water). At the same time, the liquid level sensor 15 measures the pigment water in the water tank 71. The three sets of flow valves 74 are controlled to be opened according to the three flow rates of large, medium and small. The three-way color water is supplied to the three sets of square pipe racks 75 by the three sets of flow valves 74 after the three sets of flow rate adjustment from the three sets of telescopic hoses 73, and then evenly sprayed to the three sets of test racks 55 after they are in place by the three sets of spray nozzles 76. The three types of test soils, hard, intermediate and soft, in the three sets of test racks 55 are sprayed according to the large, medium and small rainfall, so as to simulate the anti-water flow erosion test scene of different rainfalls on test soils with different hardness and softness; Step 5. Since the three groups of test racks 55 are made of transparent acrylic material, the test personnel can directly observe the flow paths and flow rates of the three groups of pigment water with different flow rates in the test soils with different hardness, which is convenient for tracking. At the same time, after the three groups of monitoring cameras 77 correspond to high-definition monitoring, the three groups of electric cylinders 11 are opened and the three groups of baffles 12 are driven to rise. The pigment water and the lost test soil in the three groups of test racks 55 are mixed and flow into the three groups of mud storage boxes 9. The three groups of weighing sensors 10 first weigh the pigment water and test soil mixture in the three groups of mud storage boxes 9 as a whole. Then, the pigment water in the three groups of mud storage boxes 9 flows into the three groups of water collecting racks 13 through the three groups of filter holes 14, leaving the lost test soil in the mud storage box 9. The three groups of weighing sensors 10 then weigh the test soil that has lost the pigment water, and obtain the water erosion resistance test data of different soft and hard test soils under different rainfall amounts. Step six, then open the three groups of solenoid valves 82, and the pigment water collected in the three groups of water collecting racks 13 flows into the three groups of treatment boxes 83 through the three groups of water pipes 81, and is successively separated into solid and liquid by the primary filter 84, the secondary filter 85 and the tertiary filter 86 on the three groups of sealing plates 87, and the small particles of test soil mixed in the pigment water are subjected to three-stage filtration, and after the pure pigment water is obtained, it is unidirectionally returned to the water tank 71 through the three groups of return hoses 88 to meet the needs of the next test.

[0035] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the double-headed motor 41, electric push rod 42, electric cylinder 11, monitoring camera 77, weighing sensor 10 and liquid level sensor 15 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0036] The power supply and principles of the double-headed motor 41, the electric push rod 42, the electric cylinder 11, the monitoring camera 77, the weighing sensor 10 and the liquid level sensor 15 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0038] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Soil slope anti-water erosion test device, characterized in that: include: A fixed frame (1), wherein the four sides of the bottom of the fixed frame (1) are fixedly connected to the guide rail frame (2), and the side of the fixed frame (1) close to the guide rail frame (2) is fixedly connected to the cylinder frame (3); An adjustment component (4) is arranged in the guide rail frame (2), and a pulling component (5) is arranged on the adjustment component (4); A pressurizing component (6) is arranged in the cylinder frame (3), and a spraying component (7) is arranged on the pressurizing component (6).

2. The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment component (4) comprises a double-headed motor (41), the double-headed motor (41) being embedded in a side of the fixed frame (1) close to the cylinder frame (3), and an electric push rod (42) being embedded in an output shaft of the double-headed motor (41), the piston rod of the electric push rod (42) being fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear (43), and a driven bevel gear (44) being arranged on the other side of the driving bevel gear (43), the top of the driven bevel gear (44) being fixedly connected to a screw rod (45) that is rotatably matched with the fixed frame (1), and a screw rod sleeve (46) being threadedly connected to the surface wall of the screw rod (45), and a lifting plate (47) that is slidably matched with the fixed frame (1) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screw rod sleeve (46).

3. The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pulling assembly (5) comprises guide wheels (51), three groups of the guide wheels (51) are fixed on the top of the fixed frame (1), and the top of the lifting plate (47) is fixedly connected with a steel wire rope (52) that cooperates with the guide wheels (51) on all sides, the inner cavity of the three groups of guide rail frames (2) is provided with a T-shaped guide rail (53), and the inner cavity of the T-shaped guide rail (53) is slidably connected with a T-shaped guide rail seat (54), the top of the three groups of T-shaped guide rail seats (54) is hinged with a test frame (55), and the side of the test frame (55) away from the T-shaped guide rail seat (54) is hinged with a T-shaped slide seat (57) that is fixedly matched with the steel wire rope (52), and the fixed frame (1) is provided with a T-shaped slide groove (56) that slidably cooperates with the T-shaped slide seat (57) on all sides.

4. The soil slope anti-water erosion test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pressurizing assembly (6) comprises a concave rod frame (61), the concave rod frame (61) being fixed on the other output shaft of the double-headed motor (41), and a rotating sleeve (62) being rotatably connected to the center of the concave rod frame (61), a connecting rod (63) being fixedly connected to the surface wall of the rotating sleeve (62), and a piston (64) which is slidably matched with the cylinder frame (3) being hinged on the top of the connecting rod (63), an air intake pipe being connected to the top of the cylinder frame (3), an air intake valve being provided on the air intake pipe, and a boosting pipe (65) being connected to the exhaust port of the cylinder frame (3), an exhaust valve being provided on the boosting pipe (65), and an arc-shaped pipe (66) being connected to the bottom end of the boosting pipe (65), and an air storage cylinder (67) being connected to the head and tail ends of the arc-shaped pipe (66).

5. The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The spray assembly (7) comprises a water tank (71), the water tank (71) being fixed to the bottom of the fixed frame (1), and the water tank (71) being connected to the gas storage cylinder (67) via a pipeline, a side of the water tank (71) away from the gas storage cylinder (67) being connected to a booster valve (72), and a top end of the booster valve (72) being connected to a telescopic hose (73), top ends of three groups of telescopic hoses (73) being connected to flow valves (74), and inner ends of the flow valves (74) being connected to a square tube rack (75) fixedly matched with the test frame (55), bottom ends of the three groups of square tube racks (75) being connected to spray nozzles (76), and a monitoring camera (77) used in combination with the test frame (55) being fixedly connected to the outer side of the square tube rack (75).

6. The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The three groups of test frames (55) are made of a transparent acrylic material, and the outer sides of the test frames (55) are connected to a mud storage box (9), and the three groups of mud storage boxes (9) are embedded with weighing sensors (10).

7. The soil slope anti-water erosion test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The three groups of test frames (55) are fixedly connected to a bracket near the top of the mud storage box (9), and the top of the bracket is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (42), and the piston rods of the three groups of electric push rods (42) are fixedly connected to a baffle plate (12) used in conjunction with the test frame (55) and the mud storage box (9).

8. The soil slope anti-water erosion test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A water collecting frame (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the three groups of mud storage boxes (9) away from the test frame (55), and filter holes (14) are provided between the water collecting frame (13) and the mud storage boxes (9). The three groups of filter holes (14) are distributed in an array.

9. The soil slope anti-water flow erosion test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water tank (71) is designed in a truncated cone shape, and a liquid level sensor (15) is embedded at the center of the top of the water tank (71). A guide ball that cooperates with the steel wire rope (52) for transmission is embedded on one side of the fixing frame (1) close to the guide wheel (51).

10. A soil slope water erosion resistance test method, according to the soil slope water erosion resistance test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: first, pour the test soil into the three groups of test frames (55) in the horizontal initial state, and apply different forces to tamp the test soil in the three groups of test frames (55) according to hard, intermediate hard and soft. Then, first, control the electric push rod (42) to open and drive the driving bevel gear (43) to reach the meshing portion of the driven bevel gear (44). Then, control the double-headed motor (41) to open and drive the screw rod (45) on the driven bevel gear (44) to rotate at a low speed through the driving bevel gear (43) in place. The screw rod (45) drives the lifting plate (47) on the screw rod sleeve (46) to slide upward in the fixed frame (1). After the lifting plate (47) slides down to a predetermined position, control the double-headed motor (41) to pause, and then control the electric push rod (42) to close and drive the driving bevel gear (43) to disengage the meshing portion of the driven bevel gear (44) to the initial position. Step 2. At the same time, under the guiding transmission action of the three sets of guide wheels (51) and the guide balls, the descending lifting plate (47) drives the three sets of steel wire ropes (52) to be pulled downward, and the three sets of steel wire ropes (52) pulled downward drive the three sets of T-shaped slide seats (57) to slide upward and lift in the three sets of T-shaped slide grooves (56), and the ascending three sets of T-shaped slide seats (57) drive the three sets of test frames (55) to be pulled upward, and the inclination angle between the three sets of test frames (55) and the three sets of guide rail frames (2) also changes accordingly, and at the same time, the ascending three sets of test frames (55) drive the three sets of T-shaped guide rail seats (54) to slide inward in the T-shaped guide rails (53) on the three sets of guide rail frames (2) until the three sets of test frames (55) are lifted upward to a predetermined height, at which time, the three soil samples in the three sets of test frames (55) reach a predetermined inclination state; Step 3, next, the other output shaft of the double-headed motor (41) drives the concave rod frame (61) to rotate at a high speed. At this time, the electric push rod (42) and the driving bevel gear (43) are in an idling state. The concave rod frame (61) drives the piston (64) on the connecting rod (63) through the rotating sleeve (62) to perform reciprocating work in the cylinder frame (3). When the piston (64) is in the return stroke inhalation in the cylinder frame (3), the intake valve on the intake pipe is opened, and the exhaust valve on the boost pipe (65) is closed, so that the outside air enters the cylinder frame (3). When the piston (64) is in the process exhaust in the cylinder frame (3), the exhaust valve on the boost pipe (65) is opened, and the intake valve on the intake pipe is closed. The piston (64) supplies the pressurized gas in the cylinder frame (3) from the boost pipe (65) through the three groups of arc pipes (66) into the three groups of air storage cylinders (67); Step 4: The pressurized gas in the three gas storage cylinders (67) is supplied into the water tank (71) in one direction through the pipeline. Since the water tank (71) is a closed space, the pressure of the water tank (71) gradually increases with the continuous supply of the three-way pressurized gas, and the three sets of booster valves (72) are opened. Under the action of the pressure, the pigment water pre-filled in the water tank (71) is supplied into the three sets of telescopic hoses (73) through the three sets of booster valves (72). At the same time, the liquid level sensor (15) monitors the pigment water level in the water tank (71) in real time so as to timely add the pigment water. , and correspondingly control the three groups of flow valves (74) to be opened according to three flow rates of large, medium and small, and the three-way pigment water is supplied into the three groups of square pipe racks (75) by the three groups of telescopic hoses (73) through the three groups of flow valves (74) after flow adjustment, and then evenly sprayed into the three groups of test racks (55) after they are in place by the three groups of spray nozzles (76), and the three types of test soils of hard, intermediate and soft in the three groups of test racks (55) are sprayed according to large, medium and small rainfall, so as to simulate the anti-water flow erosion test scene of test soils of different hardness and softness under different rainfall; Step 5. Since the three test racks (55) are made of transparent acrylic material, the test personnel can directly observe the flow paths and flow rates of the three sets of pigment water with different flow rates in the test soils with different hardness, which is convenient for tracking. At the same time, after the three sets of monitoring cameras (77) correspond to high-definition monitoring, the three sets of electric cylinders (11) are opened and the three sets of baffles (12) are driven to rise. The pigment water and the lost test soil in the three test racks (55) are mixed and flowed into the three mud storage boxes (9). The three sets of weighing sensors (10) first weigh the pigment water and test soil mixture in the three mud storage boxes (9) as a whole. The pigment water in the three mud storage boxes (9) then flows into the three water collection racks (13) through the three sets of filter holes (14), leaving the lost test soil in the mud storage boxes (9). The three sets of weighing sensors (10) then weigh the test soil that has lost the pigment water, and obtain the water erosion resistance test data of different soft and hard test soils with different rainfall amounts.

Images