Fuel cell stack device and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a fuel cell stack device and a vehicle. First temperature management devices for heating the fuel cell stack are arranged close to the two ends of the fuel cell stack, and each first temperature management device comprises a conductor and a conductive liquid control device; the fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of stacked single cell units, the electric conductor is arranged between two adjacent single cell units, an accommodating cavity for accommodating an ionic conductive liquid is formed in the electric conductor, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the electric conductor, and the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the electric conductor; the conductive liquid control device communicates with the containing cavity and is used for controlling the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid. The temperature management devices are assembled at the two ends of the fuel cell stack, so that the local temperature of the fuel cell stack is effectively controlled, and the problem that the temperatures of the head part, the tail part and the middle part of the fuel cell stack are not uniform is solved. And uneven voltage distribution caused by uneven temperature is avoided, so that the overall performance of the fuel cell stack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell stack device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the context of global energy shortage, people are actively looking for new energy sources that can replace fossil fuels. Fuel cells, especially hydrogen fuel cells, are regarded as the fourth generation of power generation technology after water power, thermal power and atomic energy due to their high efficiency, high energy density, low temperature reaction, low noise and no pollution. Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy through chemical reactions, and are an efficient, safe, clean and flexible energy solution.

[0003] As the core component of the fuel cell system, the fuel cell stack is composed of multiple single cell units, and its performance and life depend on the appropriate operating temperature. In the process of generating electricity, the fuel cell stack will generate heat, so an effective thermal management system is required to ensure the heat dissipation of the single cell units. Traditional air-cooling and liquid-cooling heat dissipation solutions have certain limitations: the air-cooling solution requires multiple accessories to control the temperature, flow and pressure of the air, and it is difficult to finely control the temperature of multiple single cell units; and the liquid-cooling solution may cause temperature differences between the head, tail and middle of the fuel cell stack due to the shared cooling main pipe. In addition, the temperature of the collector plate at the outermost end of the fuel cell stack is relatively low, which will affect the temperature of the adjacent single cell units, making the voltage of the single cell unit close to the outer collector plate lower than that of the single cell unit on the inside. This leads to poor overall stability of the fuel cell stack, affecting performance and service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a fuel cell stack device, which effectively controls the local temperature of the fuel cell stack by installing temperature management devices at both ends of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problem of uneven temperature at the head, tail and middle of the fuel cell stack. It avoids uneven voltage distribution caused by uneven temperature, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell stack. The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell stack device, wherein a first temperature management device for heating the fuel cell stack is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack, and the first temperature management device includes a conductor and a conductive liquid control device;

[0006] The fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of stacked single cell units, the conductor is arranged between two adjacent single cell units, a receiving cavity for receiving an ion conductive liquid is arranged inside the conductor, and a first temperature sensor is arranged on the conductor, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the conductor;

[0007] The conductive liquid control device is communicated with the containing chamber and is used to control the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, the conductive liquid control device includes an ion adder, a deionizer, a pump, and a first controller;

[0009] The ion additive, pump and deionizer are connected to the accommodating chamber through pipelines;

[0010] The first controller is electrically connected to the ion adder, the deionizer, the pump and the first temperature sensor.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the conductor includes two conductive sheets arranged opposite to each other, the two conductive sheets are connected around by a first insulator, and a second insulator for supporting the two conductive sheets is arranged in the middle.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, the conductor is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single battery units.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the conductor has the same outline shape, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application also provides another fuel cell stack device, wherein a second temperature management device for heating the fuel cell stack is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack, and the second temperature management device includes a heat exchange plate, a semiconductor refrigeration plate, and a second controller;

[0015] The fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of stacked single cell units, the heat exchange plate is arranged between two adjacent single cell units, and a second temperature sensor is arranged on the heat exchange plate, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange plate;

[0016] The semiconductor refrigeration plate is arranged at both ends of the heat exchange plate;

[0017] The second controller is electrically connected to the semiconductor refrigeration plate and the temperature sensor, and the second controller is used to control the semiconductor refrigeration plate according to the temperature of the heat exchange plate.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the heat exchange plate is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single battery units.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the heat exchange plate has the same contour shape, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the second temperature management device also includes a third controller, one end of the third controller is connected to the plurality of single battery cells through a fuel cell inspection harness for detecting the voltage of the plurality of single battery cells, and the other end is electrically connected to the second controller.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell stack device.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a fuel cell stack device and a vehicle provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The embodiment of the present application discloses a fuel cell stack device. A first temperature management device for heating the fuel cell stack is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack, and the first temperature management device includes a conductor and a conductive liquid control device; the fuel cell stack includes a plurality of stacked single battery units, the conductor is provided between two adjacent single battery units, a receiving cavity for receiving ion conductive liquid is provided inside the conductor, and a first temperature sensor is provided on the conductor, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the conductor; the conductive liquid control device is connected to the receiving cavity and is used to control the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid. The present application effectively controls the local temperature of the fuel cell stack by assembling temperature management devices at both ends of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problem of uneven temperature at the head, tail and middle of the fuel cell stack. The uneven voltage distribution caused by uneven temperature is avoided, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack device provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack device provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0027] The following is a supplementary description of the attached drawings:

[0028] 1-first temperature management device; 11-conductor; 12-conductive liquid control device; 121-ion adder; 122-deionizer; 123-pump; 124-first controller; 13-accommodating chamber;

[0029] 2-second temperature management device; 21-heat exchange plate; 22-semiconductor refrigeration plate;

[0030] 3- fuel cell stack; 31- single cell unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here.

[0033] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is deemed to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. For example, a specified range from "1 to 10" should be deemed to include any and all sub-ranges between a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 10. Exemplary sub-ranges of ranges 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, etc.

[0034] The fuel cell stack is the core component of the fuel cell system, providing the required voltage and power. The basic components of the fuel cell stack include end plates, current collectors, and multiple single cell units stacked in series. Among them, the end plate is the supporting structure of the fuel cell stack. It not only provides the mechanical stability of the fuel cell stack, but also is responsible for distributing the three media of hydrogen, air and coolant. The end plate ensures that these media can flow evenly to each single cell unit, and also provides the necessary pressure for the entire cell stack to maintain the integrity of the structure and the reliability of operation. The function of the current collector is to collect the current generated by the fuel cell stack and assume the output function of the positive or negative electrode. The current collector is usually made of conductive materials to ensure that the current can be effectively transmitted from the single cell unit to the external circuit. The current collector also helps to evenly distribute the reaction gas and improve the overall performance of the fuel cell stack. The single cell unit is the core component of the fuel cell stack, which consists of a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode (MEA). Each single cell unit contains flow channels for hydrogen, air and coolant, which are responsible for transporting the reaction gas and cooling medium. Inside the single cell, hydrogen and oxygen generate water and electricity through chemical reactions. The membrane electrode of a single cell unit is where the reaction occurs, and contains a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer, and a gas diffusion layer. Among them, the proton exchange membrane allows protons to pass through, but does not allow electrons to pass through, forcing electrons to flow through an external circuit to generate current. The catalyst layer (usually a platinum catalyst) accelerates the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. The gas diffusion layer ensures that the reaction gas can reach the catalyst layer evenly. The operation of the entire fuel cell stack depends on precise temperature control, gas distribution and cooling systems to ensure efficient and stable power output. However, during the use of the fuel cell stack (including daily use and bench testing), the voltage of the single cell unit close to the collector plate is always lower than the voltage of the single cell unit in other positions.

[0035] See also Figure 1, a fuel cell stack device provided in an embodiment of the present application, a first temperature management device 1 for heating the fuel cell stack 3 is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack 3, and the first temperature management device 1 includes a conductor 11 and a conductive liquid control device 12. Specifically, the first temperature management device 1 can accurately control the temperature of a local area of ​​the fuel cell stack, especially at the positions near the two ends of the fuel cell stack, where uneven temperature distribution may occur. By heating the local fuel cell stack, the overall temperature of the fuel cell stack is made uniform, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the fuel cell stack, extending its service life, and ensuring stable operation under various environmental conditions. Among them, "the fuel cell stack 3 near both ends" in this application does not only refer to the single cell unit located at the outermost side of the entire battery stack, but also includes the single cell unit near the outside. The specific position of the single cell unit can be determined according to the actual situation (for example, through experience or experiments, which batteries will be greatly affected in the application conditions and environment), for example, it can be set between the third single cell unit and the fourth single cell unit on both sides. Of course, it should be understood that the outermost single cell unit 31 has a single cell unit 31 generating heat only on the side adjacent to it, which results in faster heat dissipation, a large heat exchange area, and easier heat loss. Therefore, priority is given to the outermost single cell units 31 at both ends of the fuel cell stack. In this regard, a corresponding number of first temperature management devices 1 can be designed, each used between two of the single cell units 31. In other words, a first temperature management device 1 can be independently set between each two single cell units 31. Of course, it is not excluded that the same first temperature management device 1 can be used for multiple single cell units 31 at the same time, which can save costs and reduce occupied space.

[0036] The fuel cell stack 3 includes a plurality of stacked single cell units 31, a conductor 11 is disposed between two adjacent single cell units 31, a receiving cavity 13 for receiving an ion conductive liquid is disposed inside the conductor 11, and a first temperature sensor is disposed on the conductor 11, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the conductor 11; specifically, the conductor 11 is usually made of a material with high conductivity, such as metal or some types of carbon materials. A receiving cavity 13 is disposed inside the conductor 11 for receiving an ion conductive liquid. The ion conductive liquid is a mixed solution containing water, ethylene glycol, sodium chloride and conductive ions. The conductive ions include aluminum ions, copper ions, iron ions, calcium ions, etc.

[0037] The conductive liquid control device 12 is connected to the receiving chamber 13 and is used to control the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid. The conductive liquid control device 12 controls the concentration of the ion conductive liquid in the receiving chamber 13 to adjust the conductivity and resistance of the ion conductive liquid. The higher the ion concentration, the better the conductivity and the lower the resistance. On the contrary, the lower the ion concentration, the worse the conductivity and the higher the resistance. The increase in resistance will cause more electrical energy to be converted into heat energy, thereby increasing the temperature of the fuel cell stack. On the contrary, the reduction in resistance will reduce the generation of heat energy and reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack. In this way, the heating of the fuel cell stack is controlled, thereby improving the performance and life of the battery.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the conductive liquid control device 12 includes an ion adder 121, a deionizer 122, a pump 123 and a first controller 124; wherein the ion adder 121 is used to add ions (such as aluminum ions, copper ions, iron ions, calcium ions, etc.) for increasing conductivity into the containing chamber 13, the deionizer 122 is used to remove conductive ions in the ionic conductive liquid to reduce its ion concentration, thereby reducing the conductivity of the solution and increasing the resistance, and the pump 123 is used to circulate the ionic conductive liquid in the containing chamber 13 to ensure the circulation of the ionic conductive liquid.

[0039] The ion adder 121, the pump 123 and the deionizer 122 are connected to the containing chamber 13 through pipelines; specifically, the ion adder 121, the pump 123 and the deionizer 122 form a circulation path for the ion conductive liquid with the containing chamber 13 through the pipeline, and the ion conductive liquid in the containing chamber 13 is used to form a certain thermal resistance, and the low-temperature single battery unit 31 is indirectly heated through the conductor 11, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference inside the fuel cell stack, thereby preventing the unevenness of voltage distribution and ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0040] The first controller 124 is electrically connected to the ion adder 121, the deionizer 122, the pump 123 and the first temperature sensor. Specifically, the first controller 124 controls the ion adder 121 and the deionizer 122 according to the temperature data collected by the first temperature sensor and a preset program to adjust the ion concentration and the flow rate and pressure of the pump 123 to maintain the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack is within an optimal range.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, the conductor 11 includes two conductive sheets arranged opposite to each other, the four sides of the two conductive sheets are connected by a first insulator, and a second insulator for supporting the two conductive sheets is arranged in the middle. Specifically, the material of the conductive sheet can be copper, aluminum or other materials with high conductivity. The two conductive sheets are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, and a preset distance is set between the two conductive sheets to form a receiving cavity 13 for accommodating ionic conductive liquid. The four edges of the two conductive sheets are connected to each other by a first insulator. The first insulator can ensure the four sides between the two conductive sheets to prevent current leakage or short circuit; the first insulator is usually composed of insulating materials such as ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) and silicone rubber to ensure electrical insulation and sealing between the two conductive sheets. In addition, by arranging one or more second insulators in the middle of the two conductive sheets, the second insulator plays a role in supporting the conductive sheet, preventing the conductive sheet from being compressed and deformed and directly contacting after being compressed and deformed, and ensuring the stability and electrical performance of the structure.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the conductor 11 is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single cell units 31. Specifically, the fuel cell stack includes flow channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant. Among them, the hydrogen and oxygen fluid flow channels are responsible for evenly distributing hydrogen and oxygen to each single cell unit 31, ensuring that the reaction gas can fully contact and react with the membrane electrode to generate electrical energy, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the reaction gas can be evenly distributed at the membrane electrode to improve the reaction efficiency. The coolant flow channel is used to take away the heat generated when the fuel cell stack is working, prevent the fuel cell stack from overheating, ensure the uniform temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack, improve the performance of the battery and extend its service life. In order to cooperate with the flow channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant provided on the fuel cell stack, the present application ensures the effective flow of gas and coolant by providing fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single cell units 31 on the conductor 11, and optimizes the efficiency of thermal management and electrochemical reaction.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the conductor 11 has the same profile, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit 31. Specifically, by using the conductor 11 and the single battery unit 31 with the same profile, sealing structure and flow channel structure, the production process can be simplified and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. At the same time, it can ensure perfect docking during assembly without the need for additional adjustments or adapters, which helps to optimize space utilization and ensure compact arrangement between the single battery unit 31 and the conductor 11.

[0044] See also Figure 2In another fuel cell stack device provided in an embodiment of the present application, a second temperature management device 2 for heating the fuel cell stack 3 is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack 3. The second temperature management device 2 includes a heat exchange plate 21, a semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 and a second controller to maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0045] The fuel cell stack 3 includes a plurality of stacked single cell units 31, a heat exchange plate 21 is arranged between two adjacent single cell units 31, and a second temperature sensor is arranged on the heat exchange plate 21, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21; specifically, the heat exchange plate 21 has conductive and thermal conductive functions, and is usually made of metal material; the heat exchange plate 21 is arranged between two adjacent single cell units 31, which can keep the structure compact and lightweight, and the heat exchange plate 21 is used to transfer the heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 to the single cell units 31 on both sides, so as to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack and avoid performance degradation or damage due to uneven temperature.

[0046] The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is arranged at both ends of the heat exchange sheet 21, and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is closely connected with the heat exchange sheet 21, and heat transfer can be performed between the two. Specifically, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is a device that uses the Peltier effect to achieve cooling and heating. It is composed of a plurality of thermocouple pairs, which are formed by alternating connection of N-type and P-type semiconductor materials. When a direct current passes through these thermocouple pairs, one contact will absorb heat (cold end) and the other contact will release heat (hot end), thereby achieving heat transfer and temperature control. The working principle of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is based on the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect. The Seebeck effect refers to the electromotive force generated in the circuit when two different metals are connected into a circuit and the two contacts are kept at different temperatures. The Peltier effect is that when the current passes through a circuit composed of two different conductors, one contact will absorb heat and the other contact will release heat. The use of semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 for heating the fuel cell stack has many advantages. For example, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is small in size and light in weight, and is suitable for applications with limited space. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 does not require traditional refrigerants, so it can reduce energy consumption and environmental impact. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 has high reliability and long life because it has no moving parts. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 can accurately control the temperature and can be remotely controlled, program controlled or computer controlled, which is convenient for forming an automatic control system. In addition, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 has a small thermal inertia and can respond quickly to temperature changes to achieve rapid temperature regulation. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is formed by splicing a single piece or multiple pieces, or it can be formed by stacking a single layer or a multi-layer structure. By arranging the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 at both ends of the heat exchange sheet 21, by transferring the heat generated by the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 to the heat exchange sheet 21, and then heating the single battery units 31 on both sides through the heat exchange sheet 21, it is ensured that the temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack is uniform, the appropriate operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained, and the efficiency and life are improved.

[0047] The second controller is electrically connected to the semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 and the second temperature sensor, and the second controller is used to control the semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 according to the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21. Specifically, the second temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple, a platinum resistor or a thermistor) is responsible for real-time detection of the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21 and timely transmission of the temperature data to the second controller. The second controller adjusts the operation of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 according to a preset temperature control program (such as a PID control algorithm) by reading the data of the temperature sensor. The second controller can adjust the magnitude and direction of the current passing through the semiconductor refrigeration plate to control the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21. When the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21 is higher or lower than the set value, the second controller will adjust the intensity of the heating accordingly. The semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 is cooled or heated according to the instructions of the second controller. When the current passes, one end of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 22 absorbs heat and becomes cold, and the other end releases heat and becomes hot. By changing the direction of the current, the switching between cooling and heating can be achieved, and the maximum temperature difference can be reached in a very short time, thereby achieving rapid temperature regulation. The semiconductor cooling plate 22 has high accuracy and fast response speed, and can work under very small temperature fluctuations, ensuring that the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21 is constant within the set range. Usually the temperature fluctuation can reach 0.01°C, ensuring that the fuel cell stack works at the optimal temperature.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the heat exchange plate 21 is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single battery cells 31. Specifically, the fuel cell stack includes flow channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant. Among them, the hydrogen and oxygen fluid flow channels are responsible for evenly distributing hydrogen and oxygen to each single battery cell 31, ensuring that the reaction gas can fully contact and react with the membrane electrode to generate electrical energy, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the reaction gas can be evenly distributed at the membrane electrode to improve the reaction efficiency. The coolant flow channel is used to take away the heat generated when the fuel cell stack is working, prevent the fuel cell stack from overheating, ensure the uniform temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack, improve the performance of the battery and extend its service life. In order to cooperate with the flow channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant provided on the fuel cell stack, the present application ensures the effective flow of gas and coolant by providing the heat exchange plate 21 with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single battery cells 31, and optimizes the efficiency of thermal management and electrochemical reaction.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the heat exchanger 21 has the same profile, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit 31. Specifically, by using the heat exchanger 21 and the single battery unit 31 with the same profile, sealing structure and flow channel structure, the production process can be simplified and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. At the same time, it can ensure perfect docking during assembly without the need for additional adjustments or adapters, which helps to optimize space utilization and ensure compact arrangement between the single battery unit 31 and the heat exchanger 21.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the second temperature management device further includes a third controller, one end of which is connected to a plurality of single battery units 31 through a fuel cell inspection harness for detecting the voltage of the plurality of single battery units 31, and the other end is electrically connected to the second controller. Specifically, the third controller is connected to a plurality of single battery units 31 through a fuel cell inspection harness to detect the voltage of each single battery unit. At the same time, the third controller is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the fuel cell stack, and then the current of the fuel cell stack is collected. Since the fuel cell stack is connected in series, the current of each single battery unit 31 is equal to the current of the entire stack, thereby obtaining the current of each single battery unit. The third controller transmits the detected voltage and current data to the second controller, and the second controller adjusts the working state of the semiconductor cooling plate 22 according to the temperature data of the heat exchange plate 21 detected by the second temperature sensor, and the received voltage and current data, combined with a preset control algorithm (such as a PID control algorithm), and accurately controls the temperature of the heat exchange plate 21 to ensure that it remains within the optimal operating temperature range, thereby optimizing the performance and efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned fuel cell stack device. By equipping the first temperature management device and / or the second temperature management device at both ends of the fuel cell stack. The temperature management device is used to accurately control and heat the single cell unit to reduce the uneven heat dissipation caused by the end plate, the collector plate and the external environmental factors of the fuel cell stack, thereby causing the temperature inconsistency. According to the temperature distribution of each single cell unit in the fuel cell stack, the number and position of the first temperature management device and / or the second temperature management device in the fuel cell stack can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the temperature of each single cell unit of the fuel cell stack remains consistent. The uniform distribution of temperature helps to balance the voltage of each single cell unit, thereby improving the performance of the entire fuel cell stack. It ensures that each single cell unit in the fuel cell stack can operate at the highest efficiency, avoiding the performance degradation caused by temperature differences. Therefore, not only the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved, but also the overall performance of the vehicle is directly enhanced, so that the vehicle can operate with higher efficiency and longer endurance.

[0052] The embodiment of the present application discloses a fuel cell stack device. A first temperature management device for heating the fuel cell stack is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack, and the first temperature management device includes a conductor and a conductive liquid control device; the fuel cell stack includes a plurality of stacked single battery units, the conductor is provided between two adjacent single battery units, a receiving cavity for receiving ion conductive liquid is provided inside the conductor, and a first temperature sensor is provided on the conductor, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the conductor; the conductive liquid control device is connected to the receiving cavity and is used to control the ion concentration of the ion conductive liquid. The present application effectively controls the local temperature of the fuel cell stack by assembling temperature management devices at both ends of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problem of uneven temperature at the head, tail and middle of the fuel cell stack. The uneven voltage distribution caused by uneven temperature is avoided, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0053] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack device, characterized in that: A first temperature management device (1) for heating the fuel cell stack (3) is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack (3), and the first temperature management device (1) comprises a conductor (11) and a conductive liquid control device (12); The fuel cell stack (3) comprises a plurality of stacked single cell units (31), the conductor (11) is arranged between two adjacent single cell units (31), a receiving cavity (13) for receiving an ion conductive liquid is arranged inside the conductor (11), and a first temperature sensor is arranged on the conductor (11), and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the conductor (11); The conductive liquid control device (12) is in communication with the accommodating chamber (13) and is used to control the ion concentration of the ionic conductive liquid.

2. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive liquid control device (12) comprises an ion additive (121), a deionizer (122), a pump (123) and a first controller (124); The ion additive (121), the pump (123) and the deionizer (122) are connected to the accommodating chamber (13) via pipelines; The first controller (124) is electrically connected to the ion additive (121), the deionizer (122), the pump (123) and the first temperature sensor.

3. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (11) comprises two conductive sheets arranged opposite to each other, the four sides of the two conductive sheets are connected by a first insulator, and a second insulator for supporting the two conductive sheets is arranged in the middle.

4. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (11) is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and cooling liquid corresponding to the plurality of single battery units (31).

5. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (11) has the same outline shape, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit (31).

6. A fuel cell stack device, characterized in that: A second temperature management device (2) for heating the fuel cell stack (3) is provided near both ends of the fuel cell stack (3), the second temperature management device (2) comprising a heat exchange plate (21), a semiconductor cooling plate (22) and a second controller; The fuel cell stack (3) comprises a plurality of stacked single cell units (31), the heat exchange plate (21) being arranged between two adjacent single cell units (31), and a second temperature sensor being arranged on the heat exchange plate (21), the second temperature sensor being used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange plate (21); The semiconductor refrigeration sheet (22) is arranged at both ends of the heat exchange sheet (21); The second controller is electrically connected to the semiconductor refrigeration plate (22) and the second temperature sensor, and the second controller is used to control the semiconductor refrigeration plate (22) according to the temperature of the heat exchange plate (21).

7. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange plate (21) is provided with fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant corresponding to the plurality of single battery units (31).

8. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange plate (21) has the same outline shape, sealing structure and flow channel structure as the single battery unit (31).

9. A fuel cell stack device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second temperature management device (2) also includes a third controller, one end of which is connected to the plurality of single battery units (31) via a fuel cell inspection harness for detecting the voltages of the plurality of single battery units (31), and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second controller.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A fuel cell stack device comprising any one of claims 1-5 or any one of claims 6-9.

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