Diagnosis device and method based on power distribution automation terminal communication identification

Abstract

The invention provides a diagnosis device and method based on power distribution automation terminal communication identification, and the device carries out the real-time monitoring and capturing of a transmitted TCP data package through a network cable interface which is connected with a background and a terminal, screens a message which accords with a TCP transmission mode, transmits the message to a data conversion module, converts the message into an RS232 signal, and outputs the RS232 signal to an external analysis device. And the analysis module restores the RS232 signal into the original content of the TCP data packet, performs format analysis, data cleaning, standardization and effective field extraction on the original content, and finally obtains a communication quality index and a fault diagnosis result of the terminal. According to the invention, real-time monitoring and analysis of the communication process of the power distribution automation terminal and the background system can be realized, packet loss, delay and abnormal data can be identified in time, the accuracy and reliability of data transmission can be improved, reference is provided for operation and maintenance decisions through charted report and regular diagnosis result output, and the operation efficiency and stability of the power distribution system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of distribution automation terminal communication, and in particular relates to a diagnosis device and method based on distribution automation terminal communication identification. Background Art

[0002] The distribution automation terminal is a feeder terminal device, which is mainly used in the distribution automation system to monitor and control the status of the feeder switch. It integrates computer technology, digital signal processing technology, power grid fault detection technology, etc., and has functions such as telesignaling, telemetry, remote control and fault detection. The distribution automation terminal collects electrical quantity information such as current and voltage, as well as status information such as switch position, to achieve real-time monitoring of the feeder operation status and rapid fault location. In the distribution automation system, the stable operation of the distribution automation terminal is crucial to ensure the safe and reliable power supply of the power grid. Therefore, real-time communication diagnosis of the distribution automation terminal to ensure normal data transmission between it and the background system is a necessary means to maintain the stable operation of the power grid. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a diagnostic device and method based on distribution automation terminal communication identification that can realize real-time monitoring and analysis of the communication process between the distribution automation terminal and the background system, and timely identify packet loss, delay and abnormal data, improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission, provide a reference for operation and maintenance decisions through graphical reports and regular diagnostic result outputs, and improve the operating efficiency and stability of the distribution system.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals, characterized in that it includes: a connection module, a real-time monitoring module, a data conversion module and an analysis module, the connection module is connected to the real-time monitoring module, the real-time monitoring module is connected to the conversion module, the conversion module is connected to the analysis module, the connection module is a network cable connecting the background and the distribution automation terminal according to the network cable interface, the real-time monitoring module includes: a format parsing module, an identification module and a capture module, the data conversion module includes: a data packet parsing module, a configuration module, an execution module and a sending module, and the analysis module includes: a restoration conversion module, a preprocessing module, an extraction module and a processing module.

[0006] Furthermore, the connection module performs the following operations: passing the TCP mode data packets transmitted in the network cable to the real-time monitoring module; the real-time monitoring module performs the following operations: real-time monitoring of the TCP data stream transmitted in the network cable, capturing and filtering the transmission data packets that conform to the TCP mode, and passing the filtered TCP data packets to the background and data conversion module; the data conversion module performs the following operations: converting the TCP mode data packets into RS232 signals, and transmitting them to an external analysis device; the analysis module connects to the external analysis device and performs the following operations: diagnosing and analyzing the contents in the RS232 signal, and evaluating the communication quality.

[0007] Furthermore, the format parsing module performs the following operations: parsing the format of the TCP message; the identification module performs the following operations: identifying the data packets in the TCP data stream; and the capture module performs the following operations: capturing and screening the TCP data packets.

[0008] Furthermore, the data packet parsing module performs the following operations: parsing the received TCP data packet and extracting the data content in the message segment; the configuration module performs the following operations: configuring the parameters of the RS232 serial port, including: baud rate, data bits and check bits; the execution module performs the following operations: converting the data content in TCP format into a communication format suitable for the RS232 serial port; the sending module performs the following operations: sending the data to an external analysis device through the RS232 serial port.

[0009] Furthermore, the restoration conversion module performs the following operations: reverse conversion of the RS232 signal to restore it to the original content of the TCP data packet; the preprocessing module performs the following operations: formatting, data cleaning or standardization of the original data packet content; the extraction module performs the following operations: extracting valid data fields from the preprocessed data packet; the processing module performs the following operations: analyzing the valid data fields to generate communication quality indicators of the distribution automation terminal.

[0010] Furthermore, the formatting process includes the following steps:

[0011] Step S1, parsing the data packet structure: extracting key information according to the TCP message format, the key information includes: source address, destination address and data content;

[0012] Step S2, field rearrangement: reorder the data fields according to a predefined format;

[0013] Step S3, timestamp formatting: convert the timestamp of the data packet into a standard time format, the conversion formula is:

[0014] T formatted =T epoch×1000+UTC offset ,

[0015] Among them, T formatted Indicates the formatted timestamp, T epoch Represents the timestamp recorded in the data packet in seconds, and UTC offset represents the time zone offset in milliseconds.

[0016] Furthermore, the data cleaning comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, removing redundant fields: removing unnecessary message header fields, including irrelevant checksum fields and option fields;

[0018] Step S2: Check missing values. The missing value processing formula is:

[0019]

[0020] Where x represents the field value, μ represents the average value or constant default value of the field, and x filled Indicates the data value after filling, NULL indicates that the field is missing;

[0021] Step S3, removing outliers: The method for removing outliers is based on the standard deviation method:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, x represents the field value, μ represents the mean value of the field, σ represents the standard deviation of the field, and x valid Represents the valid data value after outlier detection.

[0024] Furthermore, the standardization process comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S1, minimum-maximum normalization, the expression is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, x represents the original data, and x′ represents the normalized data;

[0028] Step S2: Zero mean standardization, the expression is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, x represents the original data, x′ represents the standardized data, μ represents the mean of the original data, and σ represents the standard deviation of the original data;

[0031] Step S3, length standardization: If the lengths of the string fields in the data packets are inconsistent, they are padded with zeros or truncated to a fixed length.

[0032] A diagnostic method based on a diagnostic device for distribution automation terminal communication identification, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Connect the network cable between the backend and the distribution automation terminal through the network cable interface, and pass the TCP mode data packet transmitted in the network cable to the real-time monitoring module;

[0034] Step 2: Monitor and capture data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable in real time, and transmit the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to the background and data conversion module respectively, and the data conversion module is connected to an external analysis device through a serial port output terminal;

[0035] Step 3: The data conversion module converts the received data packet transmitted in TCP mode into RS232 serial port signal;

[0036] Step 4: The converted RS232 signal is sent to an external analysis device for analysis and diagnosis, specifically:

[0037] First, the received RS232 signal converted data packets are cleaned to remove noise, outliers or data segments that do not conform to the protocol specifications, and the data packets are converted from the original format into a data structure that is easier to analyze and process;

[0038] According to the communication protocol agreed upon between the distribution automation terminal and the background system, the data packet is parsed to extract the valid data fields, including voltage, current, and switch status. If the original data packet is segmented or encrypted, it needs to be reassembled or decrypted;

[0039] Verify the integrity of the data by calculating the checksum and CRC code of the data packet to ensure that no errors or losses occur during transmission. Verify the accuracy of the data based on business logic or preset threshold ranges.

[0040] Rapidly analyze the data received in real time to monitor the operating status and communication quality of the distribution automation terminal, including response time and packet loss rate indicators;

[0041] The analysis results are presented to users in the form of charts or reports, so that users can intuitively understand the communication status and performance of the distribution automation terminal; communication diagnostic reports are generated regularly to summarize the operating status of the equipment, problems found and treatment measures, providing a reference for equipment maintenance and management.

[0042] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0043] By real-time monitoring and capturing data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable, this method ensures the immediacy and integrity of the data. Real-time monitoring enables the background to immediately obtain the data transmitted by the distribution automation terminal, so as to analyze and process it in time. The design of the data conversion module allows the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to be efficiently converted into RS232 serial port signals. This conversion mechanism increases the flexibility of the system, making the distribution automation terminal that originally may only support TCP communication compatible with more types of external analysis equipment, especially those that rely on serial port communication. The converted RS232 signal is output to the external analysis equipment for analysis and diagnosis, making the monitoring process more comprehensive and in-depth. When the background communicates normally with the distribution automation terminal, the network cable can be used for monitoring, and the application data content of the communication transmission can be sent out in the form of RS232 signal, which is convenient for analyzing the communication process. The data packet is transmitted in TCP mode, and the signal is converted by the data conversion module, which can improve the reliability of communication to a certain extent. The existing network infrastructure, such as network cable interface and TCP protocol, is used to realize the communication between the distribution automation terminal and the background, without the need for additional investment in the construction of dedicated communication lines or equipment. At the same time, the TCP signal is converted into RS232 signal by the data conversion module, which can make full use of the existing external analysis equipment resources and further reduce the cost of communication diagnosis construction and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process steps of a diagnostic method of a diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification includes:

[0047] Connection module, used for network cable interface to connect the network cable between the backend and the distribution automation terminal;

[0048] A real-time monitoring module is used to monitor and capture data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable in real time, and transmit the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to the background and data conversion module respectively. The data conversion module is connected to an external analysis device according to the serial port output port;

[0049] A conversion module, used for the data conversion module to convert the received data packets transmitted in TCP mode into RS232 serial port signals;

[0050] The analysis module is used to output the converted RS232 signal to an external analysis device for analysis and diagnosis.

[0051] Preferably, the real-time monitoring module includes:

[0052] Format parsing module, used to parse the format of TCP messages in real time;

[0053] An identification module is used to identify data packets in a TCP data stream during the process of parsing TCP messages;

[0054] The capture module is used to capture data packets in the TCP data stream, and filter and screen the captured data packets to obtain data packets transmitted in TCP mode.

[0055] Preferably, the conversion module includes:

[0056] The data packet parsing module is used for the data conversion module to parse the data packet transmitted in the TCP mode received to obtain the data content in the TCP message segment;

[0057] Configuration module, used to configure the relevant parameters of the RS232 serial port to ensure that it matches the serial port settings of the external analysis equipment;

[0058] An execution module is used to convert the data content in the parsed TCP message segment from the TCP format to a format suitable for RS232 serial port communication;

[0059] The sending module is used to send the converted data to an external analysis device according to the RS232 serial port with relevant parameters configured.

[0060] Preferably, the analysis module comprises:

[0061] The restoration conversion module is used to convert the received RS232 signal to obtain the original data packet content;

[0062] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the original data packet content to obtain the preprocessed data packet content;

[0063] The extraction module is used to parse the preprocessed data packet content and extract the valid data fields of the data packet content;

[0064] A processing module is used to quickly analyze the valid data fields of the extracted data packet content to obtain the communication quality of the distribution automation terminal;

[0065] The connection module is connected to the real-time monitoring module, the real-time monitoring module is connected to the conversion module, and the conversion module is connected to the analysis module.

[0066] A diagnostic method based on distribution automation terminal communication identification, specifically comprising:

[0067] Connect the network cable between the backend and the distribution automation terminal according to the network cable interface;

[0068] Monitor and capture data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable in real time, and transmit the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to the background and data conversion module respectively. The data conversion module is connected to the external analysis device according to the serial port output port;

[0069] The data conversion module converts the received data packets transmitted in TCP mode into RS232 serial port signals;

[0070] Output the converted RS232 signal to external analysis equipment for analysis and diagnosis.

[0071] In this embodiment, by real-time monitoring and capturing data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable, the method ensures the immediacy and integrity of the data. Real-time monitoring enables the background to immediately obtain the data transmitted by the distribution automation terminal, so as to analyze and process it in time. The design of the data conversion module allows the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to be efficiently converted into RS232 serial port signals. This conversion mechanism increases the flexibility of the system, making the distribution automation terminal that originally may only support TCP communication compatible with more types of external analysis equipment, especially those that rely on serial port communication. The converted RS232 signal is output to the external analysis equipment for analysis and diagnosis, making the monitoring process more comprehensive and In-depth, at the same time, when the background and the distribution automation terminal communicate normally, the application data content of the communication transmission can be sent out in the form of RS232 signals through network cable monitoring, which is convenient for analyzing the communication process. Data packets are transmitted through TCP mode, and signal conversion is performed using the data conversion module, which can improve the reliability of communication to a certain extent. The existing network infrastructure, such as network cable interface and TCP protocol, is used to realize the communication between the distribution automation terminal and the background. There is no need to invest additionally in the construction of dedicated communication lines or equipment. At the same time, the TCP signal is converted into RS232 signal through the data conversion module, which can make full use of the existing external analysis equipment resources and further reduce the cost of communication diagnosis construction and maintenance.

[0072] Preferably, the real-time monitoring and capturing of data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable specifically includes:

[0073] Real-time analysis of TCP message format;

[0074] In the process of parsing TCP messages, data packets in the TCP data stream are identified;

[0075] The data packets in the TCP data stream are captured, and the captured data packets are filtered and screened to obtain the data packets transmitted in TCP mode.

[0076] In this embodiment, by real-time parsing of the format of TCP messages, the structure of the TCP protocol and the mode of data transmission can be accurately understood, which ensures that the valid data part in the TCP data stream can be accurately located when capturing data packets, avoiding the erroneous capture of non-TCP data or invalid TCP data; in the process of parsing TCP messages, data packets are identified and captured immediately, which greatly improves the efficiency of data processing. Real-time capture reduces the backlog and delay of data in memory, allowing the system to respond and process data faster; filtering and screening the captured data packets is a key step to ensure data quality. By setting reasonable filtering rules, data packets that do not meet the requirements or are irrelevant can be excluded, and only valid data packets transmitted in TCP mode are retained, which not only improves the accuracy of data analysis, but also reduces unnecessary computing resource consumption; the ability to monitor and capture TCP data packets in real time also provides additional protection for the security of the system. By monitoring network traffic and data packet content, the system can promptly detect potential network security threats, such as illegal access, data tampering, etc. This is crucial to protecting the security of distribution automation terminals and background systems;.

[0077] It should be noted that, first, the network cable interface is physically connected to the communication link to be monitored, which usually means inserting the network interface of the module (such as RJ45 interface) into the network cable that is transmitting data; after the physical layer is connected, the network layer data packet will begin to be parsed. Since the data to be monitored is transmitted in TCP mode, the module needs to be able to parse the TCP / IP protocol stack. The TCP protocol is a connection-oriented, reliable, byte stream-based transport layer communication protocol. It is necessary to understand the format of the TCP message, including the source port, destination port, sequence number, acknowledgment number, data offset, control bit, window size, checksum, urgent pointer, and TCP data part; in the process of parsing the TCP message, the data packet in the TCP data stream will be identified. Since the size of the data packet ranges from a few bytes to tens of bytes, the module needs to be able to efficiently process these small-scale data packets. Data packet capture usually involves extracting the data part (i.e., application layer data) in the TCP message for subsequent processing and conversion; as needed, the monitoring module can also filter and screen the captured data packets. For example, the data packet can be filtered according to the source IP address, destination IP address, source port, destination port and other conditions to reduce unnecessary data processing.

[0078] Preferably, the data conversion module converts the received data packet transmitted in TCP mode into an RS232 serial port signal, specifically including:

[0079] The data conversion module parses the received data packets transmitted in TCP mode to obtain the data content in the TCP message segment;

[0080] Configure the relevant parameters of the RS232 serial port to ensure that they match the serial port settings of the external analysis device;

[0081] Convert the data content in the parsed TCP segment from TCP format to a format suitable for RS232 serial port communication;

[0082] The converted data is sent to an external analysis device via the RS232 serial port with relevant parameters configured.

[0083] In this embodiment, the data conversion module can accurately parse the data packets transmitted in TCP mode and extract the data content in the TCP message segment. Subsequently, the data content is converted into a format suitable for RS232 serial port communication, thereby realizing seamless conversion of the data format. This conversion ensures the integrity and consistency of the data, so that the external analysis device can correctly receive and process the data. The relevant parameters of the RS232 serial port, such as baud rate, data bit, stop bit, parity bit, etc., are configured to ensure matching with the serial port settings of the external analysis device. This flexible serial port configuration enables the data conversion module to adapt to external analysis devices of different brands and models, thereby improving the compatibility and scalability of the system. By converting the data content in the TCP message segment into the RS23 2 serial port signals, and sends them to external analysis equipment according to the configured serial port parameters. The technical solution ensures the reliability of data transmission. The data conversion module adopts efficient algorithms and optimization technologies in the process of parsing TCP data packets, converting data formats and sending data to external analysis equipment, ensuring the efficiency of data processing. This efficient data processing capability enables the system to respond to the communication needs of distribution automation terminals in real time and quickly transmit data to external analysis equipment for further processing and analysis. By introducing the data conversion module, the data packets transmitted in TCP mode are converted into RS232 serial port signals, which reduces the overall complexity of the system. This conversion makes the communication between distribution automation terminals and external analysis equipment no longer limited to specific communication protocols or interfaces.

[0084] It should be noted that the captured data packets are parsed, and the parsing process includes removing redundant information from the TCP and IP headers and extracting the data content of the application layer; converting the extracted application layer data into a format suitable for transmission through the RS232 serial port, which includes data encoding (such as ASCII, HEX, etc.), frame format definition (such as start character, end character, check bit, etc.) and necessary level conversion; the converted data is sent through the serial port output interface, which is compatible with the RS232 protocol, so it can be connected to an external device directly or through an RS232 converter; during the RS232 signal transmission process, it is necessary to ensure level matching, that is, the signal level between the sending end (data conversion module) and the receiving end (such as an external device) is within an acceptable range, which is achieved through the level conversion chip in the RS232 interface circuit.

[0085] In addition, the parsing process is specifically as follows: data packets are first received by the data processing unit through the network interface, and these data packets may contain the header of the TCP / IP protocol and data of the application layer; the dedicated data processing unit inside or connected to the data processing unit needs to implement the TCP / IP protocol stack, which means that the data processing unit needs to be able to identify and process the IP data packets of the network layer and the TCP message segments of the transport layer; in the protocol stack, the data processing unit will parse the TCP and IP headers to obtain TCP header information such as the source IP address, destination IP address, source port, destination port, sequence number, confirmation number, data offset, control bit, window size, and the version, header length, service type, total length, and other information in the IP header; after parsing the TCP and IP headers, the data processing unit will remove the redundant information of these headers and only retain the data content of the application layer, because the application layer data is the data that the user actually needs to process; after removing the TCP and IP headers, the data processing unit will extract the data part of the TCP message segment, which is the original data sent by the application layer; if the TCP message segment contains a checksum, the data processing unit also needs to calculate the checksum to verify the integrity and correctness of the data. This step is optional but recommended to improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0086] Preferably, the outputting of the converted RS232 signal to an external analysis device for analysis and diagnosis specifically includes:

[0087] Convert the received RS232 signal to obtain the original data packet content;

[0088] Preprocessing the original data packet content to obtain preprocessed data packet content;

[0089] Parse the preprocessed data packet content and extract the valid data fields of the data packet content;

[0090] The effective data fields of the extracted data packets are quickly analyzed to obtain the communication quality of the distribution automation terminal.

[0091] In this embodiment, the external analysis device first converts the received RS232 signal to restore the original data packet content. This step ensures the integrity and accuracy of the data, so that subsequent analysis and diagnosis work can be based on accurate data; preprocessing the original data packet content, such as denoising, format unification, data cleaning, etc., can effectively improve the efficiency of subsequent data analysis. The preprocessing process removes irrelevant or erroneous data, so that the analysis process is more focused on valid data fields, thereby speeding up the analysis speed and improving the accuracy of the analysis results; parsing the preprocessed data packet content to extract the valid data fields of the data packet content. This step is the key to data analysis. It ensures that the external analysis device can accurately identify and extract the key information generated during the communication process of the distribution automation terminal. Such as voltage, current, switch status, etc.; quickly analyze the extracted valid data fields, and the external analysis equipment can quickly evaluate the communication quality of the distribution automation terminal, which includes but is not limited to indicators such as response time, packet loss rate, and data packet integrity. Rapid communication quality evaluation helps to promptly discover problems in the communication process and take appropriate measures to solve them, thereby ensuring stable communication between the distribution automation terminal and the background system; by outputting RS232 signals to external analysis equipment for detailed analysis and diagnosis, technicians can have a deeper understanding of the communication process and performance of the distribution automation terminal, which helps to quickly locate the cause of the problem during equipment maintenance and take appropriate solutions. In addition, regular communication quality analysis and diagnostic reports can also provide strong data support for system optimization and upgrades.

[0092] It should be noted that, first, the received RS232 signal converted data packet is cleaned to remove noise, abnormal values ​​or data segments that do not conform to the protocol specifications, and the data packet is converted from the original format (such as byte stream) into a data structure that is easier to analyze and process (such as JSON, XML or database table); according to the communication protocol agreed upon between the distribution automation terminal and the background system, the data packet is parsed to extract the valid data fields, such as voltage, current, switch status, etc. If the original data packet is segmented or encrypted, it needs to be reassembled or decrypted to restore the complete data information; by calculating the checksum and CRC code of the data packet, the verification Verify the integrity of the data and ensure that no errors or losses occur during the transmission process. Verify the accuracy of the data according to business logic or preset threshold ranges, such as checking whether the voltage value is within a reasonable range and whether the current value conforms to the equipment operating status. Rapidly analyze the data received in real time and monitor the operating status and communication quality of the distribution automation terminal, such as response time, packet loss rate and other indicators. Display the analysis results to users in the form of charts, reports, etc., so as to facilitate intuitive understanding of the communication status and performance of the distribution automation terminal. Generate communication diagnostic reports regularly to summarize the equipment's operating status, problems found and treatment measures, etc., to provide a reference for equipment maintenance and management.

[0093] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals, characterized in that: include: A connection module, a real-time monitoring module, a data conversion module and an analysis module, wherein the connection module is connected to the real-time monitoring module, the real-time monitoring module is connected to the conversion module, the conversion module is connected to the analysis module, the connection module is a network cable connecting the background and the distribution automation terminal according to the network cable interface, the real-time monitoring module includes: a format parsing module, an identification module and a capture module, the data conversion module includes: a data packet parsing module, a configuration module, an execution module and a sending module, and the analysis module includes: a restoration conversion module, a preprocessing module, an extraction module and a processing module.

2. A diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection module performs the following operations: passing the TCP mode data packet transmitted in the network cable to the real-time monitoring module; the real-time monitoring module performs the following operations: real-time monitoring of the TCP data stream transmitted in the network cable, capturing and filtering the transmission data packets that conform to the TCP mode, and passing the filtered TCP data packets to the background and data conversion module; the data conversion module performs the following operations: converting the TCP mode data packet into an RS232 signal and transmitting it to an external analysis device; the analysis module connects to the external analysis device and performs the following operations: diagnosing and analyzing the content in the RS232 signal and evaluating the communication quality.

3. A diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The format parsing module performs the following operations: parsing the format of the TCP message; the identification module performs the following operations: identifying the data packets in the TCP data stream; the capture module performs the following operations: capturing and screening the TCP data packets.

4. A diagnostic device based on distribution automation terminal communication identification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data packet parsing module performs the following operations: parsing the received TCP data packet and extracting the data content in the message segment; the configuration module performs the following operations: configuring the parameters of the RS232 serial port, including: baud rate, data bits and check bits; the execution module performs the following operations: converting the data content in TCP format into a communication format suitable for the RS232 serial port; the sending module performs the following operations: sending the data to an external analysis device through the RS232 serial port.

5. A diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The restoration conversion module performs the following operations: reverse conversion of the RS232 signal to restore it to the original content of the TCP data packet; the preprocessing module performs the following operations: formatting, data cleaning or standardization of the original data packet content; the extraction module performs the following operations: extracting valid data fields from the preprocessed data packet; the processing module performs the following operations: analyzing the valid data fields to generate the communication quality index of the distribution automation terminal.

6. A diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The formatting process comprises the following steps: Step S1, parsing the data packet structure: extracting key information according to the TCP message format, the key information includes: source address, destination address and data content; Step S2, field rearrangement: reorder the data fields according to a predefined format; Step S3, timestamp formatting: convert the timestamp of the data packet into a standard time format, the conversion formula is: T formatted =T epoch ×1000+UTC offset, Among them, T formatted Indicates the formatted timestamp, T epoch Represents the timestamp recorded in the data packet in seconds, and UTCoffset represents the time zone offset in milliseconds.

7. A diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data cleaning comprises the following steps: Step S1, removing redundant fields: removing unnecessary message header fields, including irrelevant checksum fields and option fields; Step S2: Check missing values. The missing value processing formula is: Where x represents the field value, μ represents the average value or constant default value of the field, and x filled Indicates the data value after filling, NULL indicates that the field is missing; Step S3, removing outliers: The method for removing outliers is based on the standard deviation method: Among them, x represents the field value, μ represents the mean value of the field, σ represents the standard deviation of the field, and x valid Represents the valid data value after outlier detection.

8. The diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The standardization process comprises the following steps: Step S1, minimum-maximum normalization, the expression is: Among them, x represents the original data, and x′ represents the normalized data; Step S2: Zero mean standardization, the expression is: Among them, x represents the original data, x′ represents the standardized data, μ represents the mean of the original data, and σ represents the standard deviation of the original data; Step S3, length standardization: If the lengths of the string fields in the data packets are inconsistent, they are padded with zeros or truncated to a fixed length.

9. A diagnostic method for a diagnostic device based on communication identification of distribution automation terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Connect the network cable between the backend and the distribution automation terminal through the network cable interface, and pass the TCP mode data packet transmitted in the network cable to the real-time monitoring module; Step 2: Monitor and capture data packets transmitted in TCP mode on the network cable in real time, and transmit the data packets transmitted in TCP mode to the background and data conversion module respectively, and the data conversion module is connected to an external analysis device through a serial port output terminal; Step 3: The data conversion module converts the received data packet transmitted in TCP mode into RS232 serial port signal; Step 4: The converted RS232 signal is sent to external analysis equipment for analysis and diagnosis, specifically: First, the received RS232 signal converted data packets are cleaned to remove noise, outliers or data segments that do not conform to the protocol specifications, and the data packets are converted from the original format into a data structure that is easier to analyze and process; According to the communication protocol agreed upon between the distribution automation terminal and the background system, the data packet is parsed to extract the valid data fields, including voltage, current, and switch status. If the original data packet is segmented or encrypted, it needs to be reassembled or decrypted; Verify the integrity of the data by calculating the checksum and CRC code of the data packet to ensure that no errors or losses occur during transmission. Verify the accuracy of the data based on business logic or preset threshold ranges. Rapidly analyze the data received in real time to monitor the operating status and communication quality of the distribution automation terminal, including response time and packet loss rate indicators; The analysis results are presented to users in the form of charts or reports, so that users can intuitively understand the communication status and performance of the distribution automation terminal; Generate communication diagnostic reports regularly to summarize the equipment's operating status, problems found, and treatment measures, providing a reference for equipment maintenance and management.

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