Method for planting peanuts by using mulching film with width of 205 cm

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for planting peanuts by using a mulching film with the width of 205 cm, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method for planting the peanuts comprises the following steps that drip irrigation belts and mulching films are laid in a planting field, the distance between every two adjacent mulching films is 30-65 cm, the mulching films penetrate through sowing rows to be punched to obtain planting holes, and peanut seeds are sown in the planting holes; the width of the mulching film is 205 cm. According to the method for planting the peanuts, the drip irrigation tape and the mulching film are flatly laid, a non-ridging mode is adopted, the yield and quality of the peanuts can be improved, and the method has the advantages of being high in mechanization degree, simple and easy to implement in the planting process, high in planting efficiency, low in planting cost and high in economic benefit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide ground film. Background Art

[0002] Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Arachis in the leguminous family. It is an important oil and economic crop. The oil content of the fruit exceeds 45%. It has edible and medicinal functions. It is mainly used to treat spleen deficiency, nausea, dry cough, dry stool and other symptoms. In addition, peanut is also an important raw material for soap and cosmetics preparation, with the characteristics of high yield, wide application, high nutritional value and strong resistance to stress.

[0003] Peanut mulching planting technology is a major technological reform, a combination of traditional agriculture and modern industrial technology, and a measure to increase peanut yield. However, the existing peanut planting technology has gradually exposed shortcomings such as low mechanization, complex planting process, high cost consumption, reduced field soil permeability, and damaged soil mineral element balance, which has resulted in increased peanut planting costs, reduced peanut yield and quality, and decreased economic benefits, thus hindering the steady development of the peanut planting industry and the peanut by-product production industry.

[0004] The prior art lacks a mechanized planting method that can obtain high-yield and high-quality peanuts at low cost, high efficiency, and simply and easily. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide ground film, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of low mechanization degree of peanut planting, complex planting process, low peanut yield and quality, and decreased economic benefits.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide mulch film, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Drip irrigation tapes and ground films are laid in the planting field, the distance between two adjacent ground films is 30 to 65 cm, holes are punched through the ground films in the sowing rows to obtain planting holes, and peanut seeds are sown in the planting holes;

[0009] The width of the ground film is 205 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the mulch film is a polyethylene mulch film or a degradable mulch film;

[0011] The thickness of the polyethylene mulch is 0.008-0.015 mm;

[0012] The thickness of the degradable mulch film is 0.004-0.01 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the width of the film surface after laying the ground film is 175 to 191 cm.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the soil covering edge after laying the ground film is 7 to 15 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the sowing pattern is one film and six rows, with wide and narrow rows for sowing; the width of the wide row is 40 to 50 cm, and the width of the narrow row is 20 to 30 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the drip irrigation tape is laid in wide rows or narrow rows;

[0017] When the drip irrigation tape is laid in the wide row, 1 to 2 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each wide row, 3 to 4 drip irrigation tapes are laid on a piece of mulch film, and the drip irrigation tape is 3 to 10 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the wide row;

[0018] When the drip irrigation tape is laid in narrow rows, one drip irrigation tape is laid in each narrow row, and three drip irrigation tapes are laid on one piece of mulch film surface. The drip irrigation tape is 10 to 15 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the narrow row.

[0019] Preferably, the row spacing between two adjacent mulch films is 30 to 50 cm;

[0020] The sowing depth is 3 to 5 cm, and the sowing spacing is 15 to 25 cm.

[0021] Preferably, the number of the planting holes is 7,000 to 12,000 per mu, and 1 to 3 peanut seeds are sown in each planting hole.

[0022] The present invention has the following technical effects and advantages:

[0023] The peanut planting method of the present invention adopts a mechanized manner to carry out operations such as laying drip irrigation tapes and ground film, punching holes, and sowing in the entire process, and no ridging is performed. 180 mu of film can be laid and sown in 24 hours; at the same time, parameters such as the width of the ground film, the width of wide rows and narrow rows are scientifically and reasonably set, thereby improving the yield and quality of peanuts, so that the yield of peanuts per mu reaches more than 500 kg. The method has the advantages of high mechanization degree, simple and easy planting process, high planting efficiency, low planting cost, and high economic benefit, thereby realizing the mechanized and industrialized planting of peanuts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide mulch film, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Laying drip irrigation tape mulch in the planting field, with the distance between two adjacent mulch films being 30 to 65 cm, preferably 55 cm, punching holes through the mulch in the sowing rows to obtain planting holes, and sowing peanut seeds in the planting holes;

[0026] The width of the ground film is 205 cm.

[0027] In the present invention, the mulch film is a polyethylene mulch film or a degradable mulch film;

[0028] The thickness of the polyethylene mulch is 0.008-0.015 mm, preferably 0.01-0.015 mm, and more preferably 0.01 mm;

[0029] The thickness of the degradable mulch film is 0.004-0.01 mm, preferably 0.006-0.009 mm, and more preferably 0.008 mm.

[0030] In the present invention, the width of the membrane surface after laying the ground membrane is 175 to 191 cm, preferably 181 to 189 cm, and more preferably 185 cm.

[0031] In the present invention, the width of the soil edge after laying the ground film is 7 to 15 cm, preferably 8 to 12 cm, and more preferably 10 cm.

[0032] In the present invention, the sowing pattern is one film and six rows, wide and narrow row sowing; the width of the wide row is 40-50 cm, preferably 43-47 cm, and more preferably 45 cm; the width of the narrow row is 20-30 cm, preferably 23-27 cm, and more preferably 25 cm.

[0033] In the present invention, the wide-narrow row sowing is to set three narrow rows and two wide rows;

[0034] The outermost sowing row is 7 to 15 cm away from the edge of the film surface, preferably 8 to 12 cm, and more preferably 10 cm.

[0035] In the present invention, the drip irrigation tape is laid in wide rows or narrow rows;

[0036] When the drip irrigation tape is laid in the wide row, 1 to 2 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each wide row, preferably 2; 3 to 4 drip irrigation tapes are laid on a mulch film surface, preferably 3; the drip irrigation tape is 3 to 10 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the wide row, preferably 4 to 8 cm, and more preferably 6 cm away;

[0037] When the drip irrigation tape is laid in the narrow row, one drip irrigation tape is laid in each narrow row, three drip irrigation tapes are laid on one mulch film surface, and the drip irrigation tape is 10 to 15 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the narrow row, preferably 11 to 13 cm, and more preferably 12 cm away.

[0038] In the present invention, the row spacing between two adjacent mulch films is 50-60 cm, preferably 55 cm;

[0039] The sowing depth is 3-5 cm, preferably 5 cm; the sowing spacing is 15-25 cm, preferably 20 cm.

[0040] In the present invention, the number of the planting holes is 7000 to 12000 per mu, preferably 8000 to 10000 per mu, and further preferably 8500 per mu; 1 to 3 peanut seeds are sown in each planting hole, preferably 2 peanut seeds.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The test field of the present invention is located in Sidaohezi Town, Shawan County, Tacheng District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with a mid-temperate continental arid climate. The organic matter content of the soil in the test field is 12.33 g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen content is 86.75 mg / kg, the available phosphorus content is 15.94 mg / kg, and the available potassium content is 195.37 mg / kg;

[0043] The peanut variety of the present invention is Huayu 9610, which was purchased from Shandong Runbai Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The experimental field was divided into three narrow rows and two wide rows, with the narrow and wide rows alternating. The width of the narrow row was 25 cm and that of the wide row was 45 cm. A drip irrigation tape was laid in each narrow row, 12 cm away from the sowing row. Then a polyethylene mulch film with a width of 205 cm and a thickness of 0.01 mm was laid in the experimental field. The soil was pressed 10 cm on both sides of the mulch film, the film surface was 185 cm wide, and the row spacing between two adjacent mulch films was 55 cm. Sowing was carried out in a sowing mode of one film and six rows, with the outermost sowing row 10 cm away from the edge of the film surface. Planting holes were punched through the mulch film to obtain planting holes. The number of planting holes was 10,000 per mu, and peanut seeds were sown in the planting holes. Two seeds were sown in each planting hole, with a sowing spacing of 15 cm and a depth of 5 cm. The entire process was completed with mechanized operations.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The experimental field was divided into three narrow rows and two wide rows, with the narrow and wide rows alternating. The width of the narrow row was 27 cm and that of the wide row was 40 cm. A drip irrigation tape was laid in each narrow row, 13 cm away from the sowing row. Then a degradable mulch film with a width of 205 cm and a thickness of 0.008 mm was laid in the experimental field. The soil was pressed 7 cm on both sides of the mulch film, making the film surface 191 cm wide and the row spacing between two adjacent mulch films was 50 cm. A sowing pattern of one film and six rows was adopted for sowing, with the outermost sowing row 15 cm away from the edge of the film surface. Planting holes were punched through the mulch film to obtain planting holes. The number of planting holes was 9,000 per mu. Peanut seeds were sown in the planting holes, 2 seeds were sown in each planting hole, the plant spacing was 25 cm, and the depth was 3 cm. The entire process was completed with mechanized operations.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The experimental field was divided into three narrow rows and two wide rows, with the narrow and wide rows alternating. The width of the narrow row was 23 cm and the width of the wide row was 50 cm. Four drip irrigation tapes were laid in each wide row, 10 cm away from the sowing row and 10 cm apart from each other. Then, a degradable mulch film with a width of 205 cm and a thickness of 0.008 mm was laid in the experimental field. The soil was pressed 8 cm on both sides of the mulch film, making the film surface 189 cm wide and the spacing between two adjacent mulch films 30 cm. A sowing pattern of one film and six rows was adopted for sowing, with the outermost sowing row 10 cm away from the edge of the film surface. Planting holes were drilled through the mulch film to obtain planting holes. The number of planting holes was 12,000 per mu, and peanut seeds were sown in the planting holes. Two seeds were sown in each planting hole, with a spacing of 20 cm and a depth of 4 cm. The entire process was completed with mechanized operations.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] Peanuts were planted according to the method described in Example 1, except that in this comparative example, the test field was divided into five equal rows, each row was 33 cm wide, and a drip irrigation tape was laid in each of the first, third and fifth rows, and the drip irrigation tape was 16 cm away from the sowing row.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] Peanuts were planted according to the method described in Example 1, except that in this comparative example, the width of the narrow row was 15 cm, the width of the wide row was 65 cm, and the soil was pressed 5 cm on both sides of the ground film, so that the film surface was 195 cm wide.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] Peanuts were planted according to the method described in Example 1, except that in this comparative example, the test field was divided into three wide rows and two narrow rows, and the wide and narrow rows were alternately distributed, wherein the width of the wide row was 41 cm, and the width of the narrow row was 21 cm; a drip irrigation tape was laid in each wide row, and the drip irrigation tape was 20 cm away from the sowing row.

[0056] Experimental Example 1: Peanut Yield Determination

[0057] After the peanuts matured, the number of fruits per plant, pod yield per mu, number of fruits per kilogram, weight of 100 fruits, weight of 100 kernels and kernel yield of the mature peanuts grown by the methods described in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were counted, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1 Peanut yield measurement results

[0059] Number of fruits per plant Pod yield per mu (kg) Number of fruits per kilogram Fruit weight (g) Bairen Weight(g) Kernel yield (%) Example 1 33.4 563.12 269.35 373.22 202.35 83.75 Example 2 31.1 550.29 274.03 364.75 191.43 80.17 Example 3 29.2 534.52 303.19 326.88 179.22 78.94 Comparative Example 1 23.6 423.77 339.60 294.46 147.36 68.22 Comparative Example 2 19.7 325.39 389.14 251.77 129.85 65.70 Comparative Example 3 22.8 386.12 365.48 274.36 134.77 69.36

[0060] The results show that compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the peanuts planted in examples 1 to 3 have significant differences in the number of fruits per plant, pod yield per mu, number of kilograms of fruits, weight of 100 fruits, weight of 100 kernels and kernel yield after maturity, and the peanuts have full seeds, high kernel yield and high yield per mu, which indicates that the method for planting peanuts of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of peanuts.

[0061] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide ground film. The method for planting peanuts of the present invention is to lay the drip irrigation tape and the ground film flat, and adopt a non-ridge forming method, which can improve the yield and quality of peanuts, and has the advantages of high mechanization, simple and easy planting process, high planting efficiency, low planting cost, high economic benefits, etc.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting peanuts using a 205 cm wide mulch film, characterized in that: The steps include: Drip irrigation tapes and ground films are laid in the planting field, the distance between two adjacent ground films is 30 to 65 cm, holes are punched through the ground films in the sowing rows to obtain planting holes, and peanut seeds are sown in the planting holes; The width of the ground film is 205 cm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mulch film is a polyethylene mulch film or a degradable mulch film; The thickness of the polyethylene mulch is 0.008-0.015 mm; The thickness of the degradable mulch film is 0.004-0.01 mm.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After laying the ground film, the width of the film surface is 175 to 191 cm.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that After laying the ground film, the width of the soil covering the edge is 7 to 15 cm.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The sowing pattern is one film and six rows, with wide and narrow rows for sowing; the width of the wide row is 40-50 cm, and the width of the narrow row is 20-30 cm.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The drip irrigation tape is laid in wide rows or narrow rows; When the drip irrigation tape is laid in the wide row, 1 to 2 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each wide row, 3 to 4 drip irrigation tapes are laid on a piece of mulch film, and the drip irrigation tape is 3 to 10 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the wide row; When the drip irrigation tape is laid in narrow rows, one drip irrigation tape is laid in each narrow row, and three drip irrigation tapes are laid on one piece of mulch film surface. The drip irrigation tape is 10 to 15 cm away from the sowing row adjacent to the narrow row.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The row spacing between two adjacent mulch films is 50-60 cm; The sowing depth is 3 to 5 cm, and the sowing spacing is 15 to 25 cm.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The number of the planting holes is 7,000 to 12,000 per mu, and 1 to 3 peanut seeds are sown in each planting hole.