Alkaline bio-organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and discloses an alkaline biological organic fertilizer, which is prepared from 40 to 45 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae cirrhosae residue, 20 to 30 parts of silkworm excrement sand, 10 to 15 parts of mulberry twig powder, 5 to 10 parts of straw powder, 3 to 5 parts of lime powder, 2 to 3 parts of potassium humate, 0.1 to 0.2 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.1 to 0.2 part of paenibacillus mucilaginosus. The alkaline bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from various raw materials such as dioscorea cirrhosa residues, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder, straw powder, lime powder, potassium humate, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, has excellent acid soil adjusting performance and can remarkably increase the pH value of soil; the alkaline bio-organic fertilizer has a remarkable improvement effect especially for the problem of soil acidification caused by long-term use of glyphosate and other herbicides, and meanwhile, the prepared alkaline bio-organic fertilizer is ensured to meet the national heavy metal standard by carefully selecting natural plant source raw materials and strictly controlling the heavy metal content in the raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an alkaline biological organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bio-organic fertilizer is an important type of soil conditioner, widely used in agricultural production. It mainly supplements soil organic matter, improves soil fertility, improves soil structure and promotes plant growth. Bio-organic fertilizer can improve soil, enhance soil permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, increase soil microbial diversity, and promote the healthy development of crop rhizosphere microbial communities. In addition, the beneficial microorganisms in bio-organic fertilizer can decompose organic matter in the soil, release nutrients needed by plants, and improve soil fertility.

[0003] However, the existing bio-organic fertilizer technology still has some problems and shortcomings, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0004] Insufficient regulation capacity of acidic soil

[0005] Traditional biological organic fertilizers are mostly based on acidic or neutral raw materials (such as animal excrement, urban sludge, sugar factory filter mud, etc.). The pH value of these raw materials is usually low, and when applied in acidic soil, its acid-base adjustment effect is limited, and it is difficult to effectively neutralize the acidic substances in the soil, especially after long-term application of killing herbicides such as glyphosate and glyphosate, the acidity of the soil may be more serious. In the prior art, most biological organic fertilizers can only play a role in slightly acidic or neutral soils, and the adjustment effect is poor for some severely acidified soils (such as soils in southern regions, soils that have long-term application of acidic fertilizers or herbicides), and the needs of special areas cannot be met.

[0006] Fermentation is not complete, and fertilizer safety is poor

[0007] The production process of traditional bio-organic fertilizer usually adopts simple composting or strip fermentation methods. Although these methods can perform preliminary degradation of organic matter, they lack strict temperature control and humidity management, resulting in incomplete fermentation process and failure of some materials to fully mature. These unripe organic matter may undergo secondary fermentation after application, releasing harmful substances (such as ammonia, etc.), causing fertilizer damage to crops. At the same time, the temperature distribution of the pile in some processes is uneven, and pathogens, weed seeds and harmful substances cannot be effectively eliminated, affecting the quality and application effect of the fertilizer. Incomplete fermentation will also lead to the presence of unstable components in the fertilizer, affecting its long-term use effect.

[0008] Heavy metal pollution problem

[0009] The raw materials of many traditional bio-organic fertilizers come from animal manure, urban sludge, industrial waste, etc. These raw materials may contain high concentrations of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, etc., especially urban sludge and industrial waste. These heavy metals will not only pollute the soil, but also enter the food chain through crops, causing long-term harm to the ecological environment and human health. Although some manufacturers will screen and process the raw materials during the production process, the problem of heavy metal pollution cannot be completely solved due to the complexity of pollution sources and the difficulty of quality control, especially when the source of the raw materials is unclear or the quality control is not strict.

[0010] Lack of targeted solutions

[0011] Existing bio-organic fertilizers are usually general-purpose products suitable for general soil improvement. However, due to differences in soil acidity, structure and nutritional requirements in different regions, general-purpose products are difficult to meet the needs of specific soil problems, especially in areas where acidic soil problems are more serious (such as the southern region). The bio-organic fertilizers in the existing technology cannot effectively regulate the soil acidification problem caused by herbicides such as glyphosate. The regulation effect of existing products is usually slow and short-term, and cannot effectively solve the long-term accumulation and specific problems of soil acidification.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention provides an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art of bio-organic fertilizer in regulating acidic soil, ensuring thorough fermentation, reducing heavy metal pollution and lacking targeted solutions.

[0014] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an alkaline biological organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0015] Yam residue: 40-45 parts;

[0016] Silkworm excrement sand: 20-30 portions;

[0017] Mulberry branch powder: 10-15 parts;

[0018] Straw powder: 5-10 parts;

[0019] Lime powder: 3-5 parts;

[0020] Potassium humate: 2-3 parts;

[0021] Bacillus subtilis: 0.1-0.2 parts;

[0022] Jelly-like Bacillus: 0.1-0.2 parts.

[0023] Preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is ≥10 8 CFU / g; the activity of the jelly-like Bacillus is ≥10 8 CFU / g.

[0024] Preferably, the pH value of the yam residue is 8.0-8.5, the organic matter content is not less than 50%, and the initial moisture content is 20%-30%.

[0025] Preferably, a process for preparing alkaline bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0026] Raw material pretreatment:

[0027] Mix yam residue, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder and straw powder according to weight;

[0028] Use a pulverizer to crush the mixed material into a particle size of 2-5 mm, and use a sifter to remove impurities with a particle size greater than 5 mm;

[0029] Moisture Regulation:

[0030] Adjust the moisture content of the mixed materials to 50%-60%, use a moisture meter to test the moisture content, spray water evenly or add dry materials to adjust;

[0031] Stack fermentation:

[0032] Stack the materials with a width of 2 meters and a height of 1.5 meters. The length is determined according to the site conditions.

[0033] Stack fermentation is divided into the following stages:

[0034] Heating period: At the beginning of fermentation, the temperature of the pile rises to above 60°C within 1-3 days;

[0035] High temperature period: maintain the pile temperature at 60-65℃ within 4-15 days;

[0036] Cooling and composting period: the temperature of the pile drops below 40℃ within 16-40 days;

[0037] Compost turning and testing:

[0038] Turn the pile every 5-7 days, and make sure the materials inside and outside the pile are fully mixed when turning the pile;

[0039] When turning the pile, use a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the pile in real time to ensure that the temperature is evenly distributed;

[0040] PH value monitoring and adjustment:

[0041] During the fermentation process, use a pH tester to test the pH value of the pile every 5 days, and add lime powder to adjust the pH value to 7.8-8.5 if necessary;

[0042] Crushing and screening:

[0043] The fermented material is crushed into 1-5 mm and sieved to remove large particles that are not fully decomposed;

[0044] Functional bacteria agent added:

[0045] 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agent is added to each ton of screened material, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly-like in the mixed bacterial agent is 1:1;

[0046] After the material and the bacterial agent are fully mixed, let it stand for 12 hours;

[0047] Granulation and drying:

[0048] The material is granulated using a disc granulator, and the formed particles are dried naturally or at low temperature;

[0049] Packaging and storage:

[0050] The dried granules are packed into moisture-proof bags, each weighing 25 kg, and the raw material composition and storage conditions are marked on the packaging;

[0051] Store in a dry, ventilated environment, avoid direct sunlight and high humidity.

[0052] Preferably, the frequency of turning the pile during the pile fermentation is once every 5-7 days, and the moisture content of the material is detected after each turning, and the humidity is adjusted to 50%-55%.

[0053] Preferably, the temperature of the stack fermentation during the heating period needs to rise to above 60°C within 1-3 days, and the temperature of the pile during the high temperature fermentation period needs to be maintained at 60-65°C, and the temperature of the pile during the cooling and maturation period of the fermentation needs to drop to below 40°C.

[0054] Preferably, when the material is mixed with the functional bacterial agent, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly in the mixed bacterial agent is 1:1.

[0055] Preferably, the disc inclination angle of the disc granulator is 40°-45°, the granulation moisture is controlled within the range of 15%-20%, and the final moisture content is ≤12%.

[0056] The present invention provides an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. The present invention adopts plant-derived raw materials and mechanical composting fermentation technology to stably adjust the pH value of the raw materials to between 8.0 and 8.5, and has a strong alkaline characteristic. The alkaline biological organic fertilizer is particularly suitable for acidic soils, can effectively neutralize acidic substances in the soil, increase the alkalinity of the soil, and improve the health of the soil. Compared with the acidic or neutral raw materials used in the prior art (such as sugar factory filter mud, animal feces, etc.), the present invention can significantly improve the regulating effect of fertilizers on acidic soils, and is particularly suitable for soil acidification problems caused by long-term application of acidic fertilizers or herbicides such as glyphosate, and promotes soil optimization and the healthy growth of crops.

[0058] 2. The present invention adopts a stacking fermentation process, combined with strict control of temperature and humidity, to ensure that the materials can be thoroughly decomposed during the fermentation process, avoiding the common problem of incomplete fermentation in traditional composting or strip fermentation. The temperature of the pile is monitored by a temperature sensor to ensure that the temperature of the pile is above 60°C, thereby effectively avoiding the residue of undecomposed organic matter and reducing the risk of secondary fermentation of fertilizer after application. Compared with the incompletely fermented biological organic fertilizer in the prior art, the present invention can provide a safer and more stable application effect, avoiding potential fertilizer damage to crops after fertilizer application.

[0059] 3. The present invention selects natural plant-derived raw materials and strictly controls the heavy metal content in the raw materials to ensure that the prepared alkaline bio-organic fertilizer meets the national heavy metal standards and is far below the danger threshold. Compared with the raw materials that may contain heavy metals, such as animal feces and urban sludge, which are commonly used in the prior art, the present invention uses plant-derived materials such as yam residue and mulberry branch powder to significantly reduce the risk of heavy metal pollution, which is conducive to the health of the soil and the safe growth of crops. This environmentally friendly and safe fertilizer can not only improve soil fertility, but also prevent the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and avoid environmental pollution.

[0060] 4. The alkaline bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can effectively alleviate the soil acidification problem caused by herbicides such as glyphosate and DRAG. Its alkaline properties can quickly neutralize acidic substances in the soil, and by increasing the soil organic matter content and improving the soil aggregate structure, it can enhance the air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention of the soil, thereby improving the soil quality and crop growth conditions. Especially in the case where the soil in southern regions is generally acidic, the present invention provides an efficient soil acid-base regulation scheme to help improve the quality of acidic soil, promote the healthy root system of crops and the balanced development of microbial communities, and improve the sustainability of agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart for the preparation of alkaline bio-organic fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Please see attached Figure 1 :

[0064] Embodiment 1:

[0065] Raw material ratio:

[0066] Yam residue: 42 parts

[0067] Silkworm excrement sand: 25 portions

[0068] Mulberry branch powder: 12 parts

[0069] Straw powder: 7 parts

[0070] Lime powder: 4 parts

[0071] Potassium humate: 2.5 parts

[0072] Bacillus subtilis: 0.15 parts

[0073] Jelly-like Bacillus: 0.15 parts

[0074] Preparation process:

[0075] Raw material pretreatment: Mix yam residue, silkworm excrement, mulberry branch powder and straw powder according to the above ratio, use a crusher to crush the mixture to 2-5 mm, and use a sifter to remove impurities larger than 5 mm. Ensure the consistency of the materials and provide a good foundation for subsequent fermentation and addition of microbial agents.

[0076] Moisture adjustment: Use a moisture meter to adjust the moisture content of the mixed material to 55%. Spray the water evenly to ensure that the moisture is evenly distributed throughout the pile, thus providing suitable humidity conditions for composting fermentation.

[0077] Stacking fermentation: The mixed materials after moisture adjustment are stacked into a pile with a width of 2 meters and a height of 1.5 meters for stacking fermentation. The fermentation process is divided into three stages: temperature rise period (1-3 days when the pile temperature rises to above 60°C), high temperature period (4-15 days when the pile temperature is maintained at 60-65°C), and cooling and composting period (16-40 days when the pile temperature drops to below 40°C). This process design can effectively promote the degradation of organic matter, eliminate pathogens and weed seeds, and maintain a suitable fermentation temperature.

[0078] Turning and testing: Turn the pile every 5-7 days to ensure that the materials inside and outside the pile are fully mixed. When turning the pile, use a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the pile in real time to ensure that the heat is evenly distributed during the fermentation process and avoid local overheating.

[0079] PH value monitoring and adjustment: Use a pH tester to test the pH value of the pile every 5 days. If necessary, add lime powder to adjust the pH to 7.8-8.5 to ensure that the soil pH value remains in the alkaline range during the fermentation process and improve its ability to regulate acidic soil.

[0080] Crushing and screening: After fermentation, the material is crushed into 1-5 mm particles by a crusher, and a screening machine is used to remove large particles that are not fully decomposed to ensure the uniformity and fertilizer efficiency of the product.

[0081] Addition of functional bacterial agents: 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agents are added to each ton of screened materials, in which the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly is 1:1. After the mixed bacterial agent is added, let it stand for 12 hours to allow the bacterial agent to fully combine with the material to ensure its activity and effect.

[0082] Granulation and drying: Use a disc granulator for granulation, with a disc inclination of 40° and a granulation moisture content of 18%. Granulated particles are naturally dried or low-temperature dried to a final moisture content of ≤12%.

[0083] Packaging and storage: The dried granules are packed into moisture-proof bags, 25 kg per bag, and the raw material composition and storage conditions are marked on the package. The final product should be stored in a dry, ventilated environment, away from direct sunlight.

[0084] Summary of the embodiment: This embodiment ensures the stability of the raw materials and the thoroughness of the fermentation by adopting standard formulas and process parameters. Strictly controlling the temperature and pH value of the pile effectively avoids incomplete fermentation and the generation of harmful gases, while ensuring the stability and safety of the fertilizer. The use of mixed bacterial agents enhances the activity of biological organic fertilizers, is particularly suitable for the regulation of acidic soils, and can effectively improve soil fertility and microbial diversity.

[0085] Embodiment 2:

[0086] Raw material ratio:

[0087] Yam residue: 43 parts

[0088] Silkworm excrement sand: 22 portions

[0089] Mulberry branch powder: 10 parts

[0090] Straw powder: 8 parts

[0091] Lime powder: 4.5 parts

[0092] Potassium humate: 3 parts

[0093] Bacillus subtilis: 0.1 parts

[0094] Jelly-like Bacillus: 0.1 part

[0095] Preparation process:

[0096] Raw material pretreatment: Mix yam residue, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder and straw powder according to the above ratio, and use a crusher to crush them to 2-5 mm. After removing impurities larger than 5 mm, ensure the uniformity of the mixed material.

[0097] Moisture adjustment: Use a moisture meter to adjust the moisture content of the material to 58%. By spraying moisture evenly, the uniformity of moisture in the entire pile is ensured, thereby providing appropriate humidity for the fermentation process.

[0098] Stacking and fermentation: The humidified materials are stacked into a pile with a width of 2 meters and a height of 1.5 meters. The temperature of the pile rises to 62°C within 1-2 days and is maintained between 60-65°C for high-temperature fermentation for 15 days to ensure the complete degradation of organic matter. The temperature drops to below 40°C during the cooling and composting period, and the entire fermentation process lasts for 40 days.

[0099] Compost turning and testing: The compost is turned every 6 days. The temperature of the compost is tested during turning, and a real-time temperature sensor is used to ensure that the temperature inside and outside the compost is evenly distributed. After turning the compost, the moisture content of the material is tested and adjusted to 50%-55%.

[0100] PH value monitoring and adjustment: Check the pH value of the pile every 5 days and add lime powder to adjust it to 8.0-8.5 when necessary.

[0101] Crushing and screening: The fermented material is crushed into particles of 1-5 mm, and the large particles that are not fully decomposed are screened to remove.

[0102] Addition of functional bacterial agents: Add 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agents for every ton of screened material, with the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly-like in a ratio of 1:1. After mixing, let it stand for 12 hours.

[0103] Granulation and drying: Use a disc granulator for granulation, with a disc inclination of 42° and a granulation moisture content of 17%. The granules are dried naturally or at low temperature until the moisture content is ≤12%.

[0104] Packaging and storage: Put the dried granules into moisture-proof bags, each bag weighing 25 kg, and mark the raw material composition and storage conditions, and store in a dry and ventilated environment.

[0105] Summary of the embodiment: This embodiment improves the acid-base regulating ability of alkaline biological organic fertilizer by increasing the proportion of potassium humate, which is particularly suitable for the improvement of acidic soil. The high temperature fermentation process accelerates the degradation of organic matter and avoids the problem of uncomposted soil that may be caused by low temperature fermentation, thereby effectively eliminating pathogens and weed seeds, and improving the safety and long-term stability of fertilizer use. The high proportion of potassium humate added helps to improve the effect of fertilizer in neutralizing acidic soil and enhances the long-term effectiveness of fertilizer.

[0106] Embodiment 3:

[0107] Raw material ratio:

[0108] Yam residue: 40 portions

[0109] Silkworm excrement sand: 27 portions

[0110] Mulberry branch powder: 12 parts

[0111] Straw powder: 6 parts

[0112] Lime powder: 4 parts

[0113] Potassium humate: 2 parts

[0114] Bacillus subtilis: 0.1 parts

[0115] Jelly-like Bacillus: 0.1 part

[0116] Preparation process:

[0117] Raw material pretreatment: Mix yam residue, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder and straw powder according to the above ratio, and crush them into 2-5 mm using a crusher. After removing large particles, ensure the consistency of the material.

[0118] Moisture adjustment: Use a moisture meter to adjust the moisture to 52% and ensure even moisture distribution by spraying moisture evenly.

[0119] Stack fermentation: The stack is 2 meters wide and 1.5 meters high. The temperature of the pile rises to 60℃ within 1-3 days, and is maintained at 60-65℃ for high-temperature fermentation for 10 days. It finally enters the cooling and composting period, and drops to below 40℃ within 40 days.

[0120] Turning and testing: Turn the pile every 5 days. Test the moisture and temperature of the pile during turning to ensure that the moisture is controlled at 50%-55% to avoid affecting the fermentation effect due to too much or too little moisture.

[0121] PH value monitoring and adjustment: Use a pH tester to test the pH value of the pile every 5 days. If necessary, add lime powder to adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5.

[0122] Crushing and screening: After fermentation is completed, the material is crushed to 1-5 mm and large uncomposted particles are screened out.

[0123] Addition of functional bacterial agents: Add 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agents per ton of screened material, with the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly-like in 1:1, and let it stand for 12 hours.

[0124] Granulation and drying: Use a disc granulator for granulation, with a disc inclination of 40° and a granulation moisture content of 18%. Use low temperature drying to a moisture content of ≤12%.

[0125] Packaging and storage: Put the dried granules into moisture-proof bags, 25 kg per bag, mark the storage conditions, and store in a dry and ventilated environment.

[0126] Summary of the embodiment: This embodiment ensures the long-term effectiveness and safety of the fertilizer by reasonably controlling the proportion of potassium humate and combining it with a standard fermentation process. The low proportion of potassium humate reduces the fertilizer cost, and at the same time, by controlling the temperature and moisture of the pile, the thoroughness of the fermentation process is ensured, avoiding secondary fermentation and release of harmful substances that may be caused by uncomposted materials.

[0127] Comparative experiment:

[0128] Comparative experiment 1: Fermentation thoroughness comparison experiment

[0129] Experimental purpose: To evaluate the differences between the stacking fermentation process adopted by the present invention and the existing traditional composting fermentation process in terms of fermentation thoroughness, residual uncomposted materials, secondary fermentation control, etc., and to verify the advantages of the present invention in these aspects.

[0130] Experimental design:

[0131] Experimental group 1 (process of the present invention):

[0132] Raw materials preparation:

[0133] According to the scheme of the present invention, raw materials such as yam residue, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder, straw powder, etc. are mixed according to a specified ratio.

[0134] The mixed material is crushed into particles of 2-5 mm by a pulverizer, and large particles of impurities are screened out.

[0135] Adjust the moisture content of the material to 50%-60%.

[0136] Fermentation process:

[0137] The mixed materials are piled up with a width of 2 meters and a height of 1.5 meters. The length can be adjusted according to site conditions.

[0138] In the initial stage of stacking (heating period), the temperature is controlled above 60°C and maintained for 1-3 days.

[0139] During the high temperature period, the pile temperature is controlled to be maintained at 60-65℃ for 4-15 days.

[0140] The temperature during the cooling and composting period drops to below 40°C and lasts for 16-40 days.

[0141] Turn the pile every 5-7 days to ensure that the materials inside and outside the pile are fully mixed.

[0142] Check the pH value of the pile every 5 days and add lime powder to adjust it to 7.8-8.5 as needed.

[0143] After fermentation, the material is crushed to 1-5 mm and large particles that are not fully decomposed are screened out.

[0144] Addition of microbial agents:

[0145] After fermentation was completed, 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agent (the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly-like was 1:1) was added, and disc granulation was performed after standing for 12 hours.

[0146] Experimental Group 2 (Existing Composting Process):

[0147] Raw material selection:

[0148] The use of common bio-organic fertilizer raw materials such as urban sewage sludge and animal manure may contain impurities and heavy metals without strict screening.

[0149] Fermentation process:

[0150] The raw materials are mixed and then fermented in a pile with a height of about 2 meters. The frequency of turning the pile is low (once every 15-20 days).

[0151] During the fermentation process, the temperature is difficult to control, and there is a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pile. There may be problems with uneven temperature, and pathogens cannot be effectively eliminated.

[0152] The fermentation time is usually longer, but due to the lack of temperature control, the fermentation is not thorough, which may result in the residue of undecomposed organic matter.

[0153] Addition of microbial agents:

[0154] Some products will add some microorganisms after fermentation, but they are not added in precise proportion, and some strains have low activity.

[0155] Detection indicators:

[0156] Fermentation completion: judged by the degradation rate of organic matter and the residual amount of uncomposted materials.

[0157] Secondary fermentation: Detect the release of ammonia after fertilizer application to determine whether secondary fermentation occurs.

[0158] Experimental data:

[0159]

[0160] Conclusion: The present invention ensures thorough fermentation through strict temperature control, compost turning frequency and pH value adjustment, with a low proportion of uncomposted materials and avoids secondary fermentation. However, the traditional composting process is prone to incomplete fermentation due to lack of temperature control and frequent compost turning, which leads to secondary fermentation and affects the application effect of fertilizer.

[0161] Comparative experiment 2: Comparative experiment on acidic soil regulation effect

[0162] Experimental purpose: To verify the effect of the alkaline bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention in regulating the pH value of acidic soil, especially the regulating effect on soil acidification caused by long-term application of acidic herbicides (such as glyphosate).

[0163] Experimental design:

[0164] Experimental group 1 (process of the present invention):

[0165] Typical acidic soil (pH 4.8) was selected, and the alkaline bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention was applied (1.5 tons / square meter).

[0166] Measure soil pH changes monthly after fertilizing.

[0167] At the same time, observe the root development and above-ground growth of the crops.

[0168] Experimental Group 2 (Existing Bio-organic Fertilizer):

[0169] The same batch of acidic soil (pH 4.8) was selected and traditional bio-organic fertilizer (1.5 tons / m2) was applied.

[0170] Measure soil pH changes monthly after fertilization.

[0171] Observe and record the growth of crops.

[0172] Detection indicators:

[0173] Changes in soil pH: By measuring the soil pH before and after fertilization, the changes in soil acidity and alkalinity can be determined.

[0174] Crop growth: Evaluate crop growth after soil improvement based on indicators such as root development, aboveground growth, and leaf yellowing.

[0175] Experimental data:

[0176]

[0177] Conclusion: The alkaline bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase the soil pH value, especially for acidified soil caused by herbicides such as glyphosate. In contrast, the conventional bio-organic fertilizer of the prior art has a poor regulating effect and cannot meet the demand for effective regulation of acidic soil (especially soil after long-term use of herbicides).

[0178] Comparative experiment 3: Heavy metal pollution comparative experiment

[0179] Experimental purpose: To evaluate the effects of the present invention and traditional bio-organic fertilizers in controlling heavy metal pollution, and to ensure the safety advantages of the fertilizer of the present invention.

[0180] Experimental design:

[0181] Experimental group 1 (process of the present invention):

[0182] The alkaline biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by using plant-derived raw materials (such as yam residue, mulberry branch powder, etc.) that meet the standards.

[0183] The final product is tested for heavy metals, including the content of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and other elements.

[0184] Experimental Group 2 (Existing Bio-organic Fertilizer):

[0185] Traditional bio-organic fertilizers are prepared using raw materials that may contain heavy metal contamination (such as urban sludge, animal manure, etc.).

[0186] Perform the same heavy metal testing on fertilizers.

[0187] Detection indicators:

[0188] Heavy metal content: Test the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and arsenic in fertilizers to ensure compliance with national safety standards.

[0189] Experimental data:

[0190]

[0191] Conclusion: The present invention uses plant-derived raw materials to ensure that the heavy metal content in the fertilizer is much lower than that of the traditional bio-organic fertilizer in the prior art, meets the national environmental protection standards, and effectively avoids the risk of heavy metal pollution. The raw materials in traditional bio-organic fertilizers may contain high concentrations of heavy metals, which poses a potential pollution risk.

[0192] Summarize:

[0193] Through a series of comparative experiments, the significant advantages of the alkaline bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention in terms of fermentation thoroughness, acidic soil regulation, heavy metal pollution control, etc. are verified. Compared with the prior art, the present invention solves the problems of incomplete fermentation, insufficient soil acidification regulation, heavy metal pollution, etc. in the prior art through strict raw material selection, fermentation process control and addition of highly active bacterial agents. The experimental results show that the present invention has higher fermentation quality, better soil improvement effect and stronger environmental friendliness, and can better meet the needs of modern agriculture for soil quality improvement.

[0194] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An alkaline bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Yam residue: 40-45 parts; Silkworm excrement sand: 20-30 portions; Mulberry branch powder: 10-15 parts; Straw powder: 5-10 parts; Lime powder: 3-5 parts; Potassium humate: 2-3 parts; Bacillus subtilis: 0.1-0.2 parts; Jelly-like Bacillus: 0.1-0.2 parts.

2. An alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bacillus subtilis is ≥10 8 CFU / g; the activity of the jelly-like Bacillus is ≥10 8 CFU / g.

3. An alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH value of the yam residue is 8.0-8.5, the organic matter content is not less than 50%, and the initial moisture content is 20%-30%.

4. A process for preparing an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Raw material pretreatment: Mix yam residue, silkworm excrement sand, mulberry branch powder and straw powder according to weight; Use a pulverizer to crush the mixed material into a particle size of 2-5 mm, and use a sifter to remove impurities with a particle size greater than 5 mm; Moisture Regulation: Adjust the moisture content of the mixed materials to 50%-60%, use a moisture meter to test the moisture content, spray water evenly or add dry materials to adjust; Stack fermentation: Stack the materials with a width of 2 meters and a height of 1.5 meters. The length is determined according to the site conditions. Stack fermentation is divided into the following stages: Heating period: At the beginning of fermentation, the temperature of the pile rises to above 60°C within 1-3 days; High temperature period: maintain the pile temperature at 60-65℃ within 4-15 days; Cooling and composting period: the temperature of the pile drops below 40℃ within 16-40 days; Compost turning and testing: Turn the pile every 5-7 days, and make sure the materials inside and outside the pile are fully mixed when turning the pile; When turning the pile, use a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the pile in real time to ensure that the temperature is evenly distributed; PH value monitoring and adjustment: During the fermentation process, use a pH tester to test the pH value of the pile every 5 days, and add lime powder to adjust the pH value to 7.8-8.5 if necessary; Crushing and screening: The fermented material is crushed into 1-5 mm and sieved to remove large particles that are not fully decomposed; Functional bacteria agent added: 1.5 kg of mixed bacterial agent is added to each ton of screened material, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly-like in the mixed bacterial agent is 1:1; After the material and the bacterial agent are fully mixed, let it stand for 12 hours; Granulation and drying: The material is granulated using a disc granulator, and the formed particles are dried naturally or at low temperature; Packaging and storage: The dried granules are packed into moisture-proof bags, each weighing 25 kg, and the raw material composition and storage conditions are marked on the packaging; Store in a dry, ventilated environment, avoid direct sunlight and high humidity.

5. A process for preparing an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frequency of turning the pile during the pile fermentation is once every 5-7 days. After each turning, the moisture content of the material is detected and the humidity is adjusted to 50%-55%.

6. A process for preparing an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the pile fermentation during the heating period needs to rise to above 60°C within 1-3 days, and the pile temperature during the high temperature fermentation period needs to be maintained at 60-65°C, and the pile temperature during the cooling and maturation period of fermentation needs to drop to below 40°C.

7. A process for preparing an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the material is mixed with the functional bacterial agent, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Paenibacillus jelly in the mixed bacterial agent is 1:

1.

8. A process for preparing an alkaline bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The disc inclination angle of the disc granulator is 40°-45°, the granulation moisture is controlled within the range of 15%-20%, and the final moisture content is ≤12%.

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