Organic solid waste drying and metal extracting integrated device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an organic solid waste drying and metal extracting integrated device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental science and engineering. A series of problems of low utilization rate of organic solid waste heat energy, more pollutants generated in the extraction process of metal-containing wastes, high metal oxidation loss rate and the like in the prior art are solved. The integrated device comprises a pyrolysis chamber, a high-temperature cracking chamber, a material drying chamber, a steam boiler, a cyclone dust removal chamber, a spraying chamber, an electrostatic dust removal chamber, a water bath purification chamber, a biomass gas treatment chamber and a metal carbonization chamber, the pyrolysis chamber is connected with the high-temperature cracking chamber through an air passing opening, and a first biomass air inlet is formed in the pyrolysis chamber; a second biomass air inlet is formed in the high-temperature cracking chamber, the high-temperature cracking chamber is connected with the material drying chamber through a lower hot air pipe and an upper hot air pipe, an air drying cylinder is arranged in the material drying chamber, the upper hot air pipe is communicated with the interior of the air drying cylinder, and the lower hot air pipe is communicated with the outer space of the air drying cylinder. The device is mainly used for drying organic solid waste and extracting metal in waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental science and engineering, and in particular relates to an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Thermal energy conversion is the main form of utilization of organic solid waste, and pyrolysis recovery is an important form of metal extraction. Due to the complex composition of organic solid waste, gas pollution is generated during the drying process, and the traditional method of gas purification is costly, resulting in low utilization value of organic solid waste such as sludge, Chinese medicine residue, and livestock and poultry manure. The traditional extraction of metals from metal-containing organic waste generates a large amount of waste gas for pyrolysis recovery, which is difficult and costly to treat, especially metal oxidation leads to low utilization rate. The metal content in the mineral powder is low, and it also contains heavy metals. The metal extraction is difficult and pollutes the environment, especially the safe treatment of heavy metals is difficult.

[0003] At present, the thermal energy utilization rate of organic solid waste is low, the exhaust gas from drying organic solid waste is difficult to treat, the recovery rate of metal-containing organic waste is low, and the metal extraction from waste ore is difficult, which restricts the high-value utilization of organic solid waste and the efficient recovery of metals. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an integrated device for high-temperature cracking treatment of organic solid waste and metal recovery to realize the utilization of organic solid waste drying exhaust gas and the high-value recovery and reuse of metal waste.

[0004] At present, the thermal energy conversion and metal recovery of organic solid waste drying tail gas are handled separately, resulting in a large amount of tail gas generation, high treatment costs, low thermal energy utilization, and low equipment operation efficiency. At present, there is a lack of pyrolysis utilization technology for organic solid waste drying tail gas, resulting in high tail gas purification costs and great environmental pollution; the extraction rate of low-metal mineral powder is low and the energy consumption is high, which cannot be industrialized, pollutes the environment, and has high maintenance costs; due to the high content of plastic and glue in most metal-containing organic wastes, the concentration of dioxins produced by direct incineration is high, and the cost of tail gas treatment after pyrolysis recovery is high. The existing metal recovery method has a high metal oxidation loss rate at high temperature due to the lack of an absolutely oxygen-free environment, and the large-scale use of nitrogen and inert gases has greatly increased the cost of metal recovery and the economic benefits are not significant. In addition, the traditional grate hot air surface heat exchange carbonization efficiency is low, resulting in a low content of combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis process of the equipment, and the combustible gas is difficult to utilize. In addition, the temperature fluctuation range of the carbonization chamber of the traditional equipment is large, resulting in incomplete or excessive carbonization of metal-containing organic waste and low metal recovery rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals and a method of using the device, so as to solve the problems of low thermal energy utilization rate of organic solid waste, large number of pollutants generated in the extraction process of metal-containing waste, high metal oxidation loss rate, and low carbonization efficiency of metal-containing organic waste.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, which includes a pyrolysis chamber, a high-temperature cracking chamber, a material drying chamber, a steam boiler, a cyclone dust removal chamber, a spray chamber, an electrostatic dust removal chamber, a water bath purification chamber, a biomass gas treatment chamber and a metal carbonization chamber, wherein the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber through an air outlet, a first biomass air inlet is provided on the pyrolysis chamber, a second biomass air inlet is provided on the high-temperature cracking chamber, and the high-temperature cracking chamber is connected to the material through a lower hot air pipe and an upper hot air pipe. The material drying chamber is connected, an air drying cylinder is arranged in the material drying chamber, the upper hot air pipe is communicated with the interior of the air drying cylinder, the lower hot air pipe is communicated with the outer space of the air drying cylinder, the outer space of the air drying cylinder is connected to the steam boiler through a first connecting air pipe, the interior of the air drying cylinder is connected to a discharge pipe, a hot air outlet is arranged on the first connecting air pipe, a first gas outlet is arranged on the discharge pipe, a hot water inlet is arranged on the steam boiler, the steam boiler is connected to a cyclone dust removal chamber through a second connecting air pipe, and a cyclone exhaust pipe is arranged in the cyclone dust removal chamber. The cyclone exhaust pipe is connected to the spray chamber through the third connecting air pipe, and the third connecting air pipe is provided with an induced draft fan. The spray chamber is connected to the electrostatic precipitator chamber through the fourth connecting air pipe, and the electrostatic precipitator chamber is connected to the water bath purification chamber through the fifth connecting air pipe. The water bath purification chamber is connected to the discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber through the tail gas recovery pipe. A condenser is provided in the biomass gas treatment chamber, and several groups of condensers are arranged in the horizontal direction. One end of the condenser is a gas inlet, and the other end is a gas outlet. The gas outlet is connected to the drying chamber. The drying chamber is provided with a second gas outlet, the biomass gas processing chamber is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the second gas outlet is connected to the first biomass air inlet through a return air pipe, the gas inlet is connected to the first gas outlet through a first hot air inlet pipe, the water outlet is connected to the hot water inlet through a first connecting water pipe, the metal carbonization chamber is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet and a hot air inlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet is connected to the second biomass air inlet through an air outlet pipe, and the hot air inlet is connected to the hot air outlet through a second hot air inlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a pyrolysis chamber inlet is provided on the side of the pyrolysis chamber, a first ash outlet is provided on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, the first ash outlet is gravity-induced and opened and closed, a grate is provided in the pyrolysis chamber, the grate is connected to a third reducer, one end of the grate is provided at the pyrolysis chamber inlet, and the other end is close to the first ash outlet, a slag storage pool is provided below the first ash outlet, water is provided in the slag storage pool, and the water level is 30%-50% of the pool depth, the slag storage pool is connected to a slag remover, a first dust reduction plate is provided in the pyrolysis chamber, the first dust reduction plate is located at the air outlet, the first dust reduction plate is an arched structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arched structure and the horizontal direction is 55-80 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, a second ash outlet is provided on the bottom surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber, and the lower part of the second ash outlet is connected to the ash outlet pipe through an ash cleaning fan. The outlet end of the ash outlet pipe is provided in an ash storage box, and the outlet end of the ash outlet pipe is connected to an ash cover through a spring. A second dust reduction plate is provided in the high-temperature cracking chamber, and the second dust reduction plate is located at the lower hot air duct. The second dust reduction plate is an arch structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arch structure and the horizontal direction is 65-85 degrees.

[0009] Furthermore, an additive addition port is provided on the side of the high-temperature cracking chamber, and an combustion-supporting agent addition port, a self-circulation outlet and a self-circulation inlet are provided on the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber. The self-circulation inlet is provided on the side close to the pyrolysis chamber, and the self-circulation outlet is provided on the side close to the material drying chamber. The exhaust gas recovery pipe is connected to the self-circulation inlet through an air inlet pipe, and the exhaust gas recovery pipe is connected to the self-circulation outlet through an air outlet pipe. A secondary air fan is provided on the air inlet pipe, and airflow control valves are provided on the exhaust gas recovery pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, blades are arranged inside the air drying cylinder, a dust exhaust port is arranged at the lower part of the material drying chamber, the dust exhaust port is connected to the dust storage tank, and a discharge valve is arranged on the discharge pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a steam outlet is provided at the top of the steam boiler, and an airflow control valve is provided on the steam outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, a dust removal hole is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust removal chamber, the dust removal hole is located in the ash storage bucket, a dust shield plate is provided above the dust removal hole, and the cyclone exhaust pipe is a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, a water storage chamber is arranged on the upper part of the spray chamber, a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged below the water storage chamber, and the lower part of the spray chamber is connected to a slurry storage tank.

[0014] Furthermore, two groups of purification components are arranged in the water bath purification chamber, each group of purification components includes a plurality of filter balancing plates arranged at intervals, and the two groups of purification components are respectively provided with a first slag discharge pipe and a second slag discharge pipe, and a slag discharge funnel is arranged below each group of purification components, and a slag discharge port is arranged below the slag discharge funnel, and the slag discharge port is located in the collecting bucket, and the slag discharge port is closed during operation and is only opened for slag discharge.

[0015] Furthermore, the condenser is connected to the water tank through a water valve, the gas inlet and the air outlet of the condenser are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the biomass gas processing chamber, the second gas outlet is located at the upper part of the drying chamber, the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively located at the lower and top parts of the biomass gas processing chamber, and the water inlet is connected to the first water storage tank through a third connecting water pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, a metal carbonization chamber inlet is provided on the side of the metal carbonization chamber, and an aggregate pit is provided on the bottom of the metal carbonization chamber. The aggregate pit has a tubular cross-section and a discharge funnel is provided on the upper side. The discharge funnel is gravity-sensitive and opens and closes. Water is provided in the aggregate pit, and the water level is 40%-60% of the pit depth. The aggregate pit is connected to a slag remover. A cooling pipe is provided on the inner side of the aggregate pit, and the cooling pipe is connected to the steam boiler through a second connecting water pipe. A circulating water pump is provided on the second connecting water pipe, and the cooling pipe is connected to the second water storage tank through a fourth connecting water pipe. An upper mesh belt conveyor and a lower mesh belt conveyor are provided in the metal carbonization chamber, and the upper mesh belt conveyor is provided above the lower mesh belt conveyor. One end of the upper mesh belt conveyor is provided at the inlet of the metal carbonization chamber, and one end of the lower mesh belt conveyor is close to the aggregate pit. The upper mesh belt conveyor is connected to the first reducer, and the lower mesh belt conveyor is connected to the second reducer.

[0017] Furthermore, the hot air inlets are arranged in three rows along the vertical height direction of the metal carbonization chamber, the spacing between each row is 0.4-1.2m, the spacing between the upper row and the lower row is 0.5-1.5m, the hot air inlets in the upper row are inclined downward at an angle of 8-30 degrees, the hot air inlets in the middle row are inclined downward at an angle of 1-15 degrees, and the hot air inlets in the lower row are inclined upward at an angle of 3-20 degrees.

[0018] Furthermore, there are multiple metal carbonization chambers.

[0019] Furthermore, the pyrolysis chamber is connected to a first feeding system, which includes a first silo, a first loader and a pushing system. One end of the first loader is arranged inside the first silo, and the other end is arranged above the pushing system. The pushing system is located at the inlet of the pyrolysis chamber. The pushing system is connected to a motor, and a positioning plate is arranged at the inlet of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, the metal carbonization chamber is connected to a second feeding system, which includes a second silo, a second loader and a screw feeder. One end of the second loader is arranged inside the second silo, and the other end is arranged above the screw feeder. The screw feeder is arranged at the inlet of the metal carbonization chamber. A dustproof plate is arranged above the screw feeder, and the dustproof plate is connected to the metal carbonization chamber. An ash baffle is arranged inside the metal carbonization chamber, and the ash baffle is arranged at the inlet of the metal carbonization chamber. The ash baffle is an arched structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arched structure and the horizontal direction is 35-65 degrees.

[0021] Furthermore, a primary air duct is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, and a primary fan is connected to the primary air duct. The air volume of the primary fan is 2000-6000m 3 / (tons·hour), the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber is provided with an oxygen inlet pipe, and the gas with an oxygen content exceeding 70% is introduced into the oxygen inlet pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, the pyrolysis chamber, high-temperature cracking chamber, material drying chamber, biomass gas processing chamber and metal carbonization chamber are each provided with 4-8 temperature monitoring points and 2-4 pressure monitoring points, the steam boiler is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points and 2 pressure monitoring points, the second connecting air pipe is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points, the discharge pipe is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points, and the lower hot air pipe is provided with 2 temperature monitoring points.

[0023] Furthermore, a monitoring box is provided on the discharge pipe, and a plurality of probes for monitoring gases are provided in the monitoring box.

[0024] Furthermore, a cover plate is arranged above the positioning plate, the cover plate is connected to the pyrolysis chamber, the first biomass air inlet is arranged on the cover plate, the front end of the pushing system is a push plate, and the push plate is closed and sealed with the cover plate after being pushed out.

[0025] Furthermore, a medicine is added to the water in the water storage chamber, and the medicine is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramic powder, the mixing mass ratio is 1: (0.12-0.35): (0.15-0.28), and the amount added is 200-1500g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm, and the ceramic powder is prepared from fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber and the high-temperature cracking chamber are steel plates, and refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coatings and refractory paints are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0027] Furthermore, a biomass additive is added into the combustion-aiding agent adding port, and the biomass additive is a solid powder fuel with a calorific value greater than 8000 kcal / kg.

[0028] Furthermore, an additive is added to the additive adding port, and the additive is a mixture of modified wood biochar, fiberglass powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1:(0.03-0.1):(0.01-0.05):(0.03-0.08):(0.1-0.15):(0.12-0.25).

[0029] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the modified wood biochar, fiberglass powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0 mm, 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.05-0.1 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.05-0.5 mm and 0.1-2.0 mm, respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:(0.5-0.8); the modifier concentration of ferric chloride is 0.01-0.1 mol / L, the modifier concentration of NaOH is 0.01-0.05 mol / L, the modification time is 24-72 hours, and the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value on a dry basis is greater than 400 mg / g, and the sulfated ash content is less than 7% (dry basis).

[0030] Furthermore, the air volume of the secondary air blower comes from the exhaust gas and the air volume of the high-temperature cracking chamber in a ratio of 1:(0.1-0.3).

[0031] Furthermore, organic solid waste is added into the pyrolysis chamber, the organic solid waste has a water content of less than 20% and a calorific value higher than 3000 kcal / kg, metal-containing waste is added into the metal carbonization chamber, the water content of the metal-containing waste is lower than 15%, and the water content of the dried material in the material drying chamber is lower than 55%, and the particle size is 5-40 mm.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for using an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, specifically: organic solid waste is added to a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolysis, the generated pyrolysis gas enters a high-temperature cracking chamber through an air outlet for cracking treatment, the hot air generated by the cracking enters the material drying chamber through a lower hot air pipe to heat the outside of the air drying cylinder, the hot air from the upper hot air pipe heats and dries the dried material in the air drying cylinder, a part of the hot air from the outside of the air drying cylinder enters a metal carbonization chamber through a hot air outlet, and another part of the hot air enters a steam boiler through a first connecting air pipe, the metal carbonization chamber carbonizes and recovers the added metal-containing waste, and the generated gas passes through the lower hot air pipe in sequence. The pyrolysis gas outlet, the air outlet pipe and the second biomass air inlet enter the high-temperature cracking chamber, and the hot air inside the air drying cylinder enters the biomass gas processing chamber through the first gas outlet, the first hot air inlet pipe and the gas inlet in turn. After the hot air is dehydrated in the biomass gas processing chamber, it enters the pyrolysis chamber through the second gas outlet, the return air pipe and the first biomass air inlet in turn to be pyrolyzed; the hot air entering the steam boiler is heat-absorbed and then, under the action of the induced draft fan, is processed through the cyclone dust removal chamber, the spray chamber, the electrostatic dust removal chamber and the water bath purification chamber in turn. Part of the gas purified in the water bath purification chamber enters the high-temperature cracking chamber through the tail gas recovery pipe, and the other part is discharged through the discharge pipe.

[0033] Furthermore, the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber is 350°C to 600°C, the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber is 850°C-1000°C, the temperature of the metal carbonization chamber when recovering metals from organic solid waste is 350-600°C, and the temperature of the metal carbonization chamber when recovering metals from minerals is 600-950°C.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the technology of the present invention integrates the processing of organic solid waste and metal recovery, realizes the combination of organic solid waste drying and metal recovery tail gas efficient utilization, reduces tail gas treatment costs, and realizes high resource utilization of organic waste. The existing metal recovery method has a high metal oxidation loss rate at high temperature due to the lack of an absolutely oxygen-free environment, and the use of nitrogen and inert gas leads to increased metal costs. The carbonization chamber of the traditional method places the carbonized material on the grate, and the heat exchange carbonization efficiency of the hot air surface is low, resulting in a low content of combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis process of the equipment, and the utilization of combustible gas is difficult. The temperature fluctuation range of the carbonization chamber of the traditional equipment is large, resulting in incomplete or excessive carbonization of metal-containing organic waste, low metal recovery rate, low utilization rate of the organic part in the metal-containing organic waste, and low operating efficiency. The present invention realizes the dehydration and reuse of the gas generated by drying organic waste, realizes the heat energy recovery of the drying gas and the reuse of the tail gas, and fundamentally improves energy efficiency and reduces pollution to the environment.

[0035] The technology of the present invention realizes high-temperature cracking treatment of biomass gas generated by pyrolysis of metal-containing waste and organic waste gas generated by drying of organic waste, realizes maximum energy utilization, and reduces the cost of tail gas treatment. The technology of the present invention effectively utilizes tail gas after high-temperature cracking to reduce the cost of metal waste treatment. The technology of the present invention realizes multi-stage full cracking through efficient heat preservation, combustion aid addition and special structural system, so that dioxins are fully decomposed, and the resynthesis of dioxins is reduced through special additives, and the cost of tail gas purification is low. Through the special carbonization chamber structure design, the hot air partially penetrates the metal-containing organic waste, and the hot air is reflected multiple times after radiating heat on the surface of the metal-containing organic waste, so as to realize the rapid generation of a large amount of combustible gas, more thorough carbonization and higher carbonization efficiency. The development of the technology of the present invention not only improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency of organic solid waste and improves the metal recovery rate, but also greatly reduces the amount of waste gas generated, which has important practical significance for promoting the high-value utilization of organic solid waste and the development of metal recovery industry.

[0036] The technology of the present invention can achieve an organic solid waste heat energy conversion rate of more than 90%, a metal extraction rate of more than 90% in organic solid waste, and a metal extraction rate of more than 70% in mineral powder. It can reduce the amount of tail gas generated by more than 50%, reduce the tail gas treatment cost by more than 70%, and increase the carbonization efficiency by more than 50%. It has high production efficiency, large product output, and high degree of industrialization. The device makes full use of the heat energy generated by the waste itself, significantly reduces energy consumption, and consumes no other energy except a small amount of electricity, so the operating cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of the metal carbonization chamber of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of the biomass gas processing chamber of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 1-pyrolysis chamber, 2-high temperature cracking chamber, 3-material drying chamber, 4-steam boiler, 5-cyclone dust removal chamber, 6-spraying chamber, 7-electrostatic dust removal chamber, 8-water bath purification chamber, 9-biomass gas treatment chamber, 10-metal carbonization chamber, 11-first feeding system, 12-second feeding system, 13-first silo, 14-first loader, 15-positioning plate, 16-first biomass air inlet, 17-pushing system, 18-motor, 19-oxygen inlet pipe, 20-grate, 21-first ash outlet, 22-first dust suppression plate, 23-primary fan, 24-primary air duct, 25-slag storage tank, 26-air outlet, 27-combustion aid addition port, 28-air inlet pipe, 29-secondary air fan, 30-air flow control valve, 31-second ash outlet, 32-ash cleaning fan, 33-ash outlet pipe, 34-ash cover, 35-ash storage box, 36-second dust suppression plate, 37-second biomass air inlet, 38-temperature monitoring point, 39-lower hot air pipe, 40-upper hot air pipe, 41-air drying cylinder, 42-blades, 43-dust outlet, 44-dust storage tank, 45-first gas outlet, 46-discharge valve, 47-discharge pipe, 48-first connecting air pipe, 49-hot air outlet, 50-hot water inlet, 51-steam outlet, 52-second connecting air pipe, 53-ash storage barrel, 54-cyclone exhaust pipe, 55-induced draft fan, 56-third connecting air pipe, 57-spray nozzle, 58-water storage chamber, 59-slurry storage tank, 60-fourth connecting air pipe, 61-first Five connecting air pipes, 62-first slag discharge pipe, 63-second slag discharge pipe, 64-slag discharge funnel, 65-slag discharge port, 66-collection bucket, 67-filter balancing plate, 68-discharge pipe, 69-monitoring box, 70-tail gas recovery pipe, 71-second silo, 72-second loader, 73-screw feeder, 74-dust plate, 75-first reducer, 76-ash baffle, 77-upper mesh belt conveyor, 78-lower mesh belt conveyor, 79-aggregate pit, 80-discharge funnel, 81-pyrolysis gas outlet, 82-second reducer, 83-hot air inlet, 84-first hot air inlet pipe, 85-outlet pipe, 86-return air pipe, 87-condenser, 88-gas inlet, 89-water inlet, 90-water valve, 9 1-water tank, 92-gas inlet, 93-water outlet, 94-drying chamber, 95-second gas outlet, 96-slag remover, 97-pressure monitoring point, 98-first connecting water pipe, 99-self-circulation outlet, 100-self-circulation inlet, 101-third reducer, 102-dust reduction hole, 103-dust shield plate, 104-additive addition port, 105-push plate, 106-cover plate, 107-second hot air inlet pipe, 108-air outlet pipe, 109-cooling pipe; 110-second connecting water pipe; 111-circulating water pump, 112-first water storage tank, 113-third connecting water pipe, 114-second water storage tank, 115-fourth connecting water pipe, 116-pyrolysis chamber feed port, 117-metal carbonization chamber feed port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0045] Example 1: See Figure 1-4The present embodiment is described as an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, which comprises a pyrolysis chamber 1, a high-temperature cracking chamber 2, a material drying chamber 3, a steam boiler 4, a cyclone dust removal chamber 5, a spray chamber 6, an electrostatic dust removal chamber 7, a water bath purification chamber 8, a biomass gas treatment chamber 9 and a metal carbonization chamber 10. The pyrolysis chamber 1 is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through an air outlet 26. The pyrolysis chamber 1 is provided with a first biomass air inlet 16, and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is provided with a second biomass air inlet 37. The high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is connected to the material drying chamber 3 through a lower hot air pipe 39 and an upper hot air pipe 40. The material drying chamber 3 is provided with an air drying The upper hot air pipe 40 is connected to the interior of the air drying cylinder 41, the lower hot air pipe 39 is connected to the outer space of the air drying cylinder 41, the outer space of the air drying cylinder 41 is connected to the steam boiler 4 through the first connecting air pipe 48, the interior of the air drying cylinder 41 is connected to the discharge pipe 47, the first connecting air pipe 48 is provided with a hot air outlet 49, the discharge pipe 47 is provided with a first gas outlet 45, the steam boiler 4 is provided with a hot water inlet 50, the steam boiler 4 is connected to the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 through the second connecting air pipe 52, the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 is provided with a cyclone exhaust pipe 54, the cyclone exhaust pipe 54 is connected to the third connecting air pipe 56 is connected to the spray chamber 6, the third connecting air pipe 56 is provided with an induced draft fan 55, the spray chamber 6 is connected to the electrostatic precipitator chamber 7 through the fourth connecting air pipe 60, the electrostatic precipitator chamber 7 is connected to the water bath purification chamber 8 through the fifth connecting air pipe 61, the water bath purification chamber 8 is connected to the discharge pipe 68, the discharge pipe 68 is connected to the high temperature cracking chamber 2 through the tail gas recovery pipe 70, the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 is provided with a condenser 87, the condenser 87 is arranged in a plurality of groups in the horizontal direction, one end of the condenser 87 is a gas inlet 88, and the other end is a gas outlet 92, the gas outlet 92 is connected to the drying chamber 94, and the drying chamber 94 is provided with A second gas outlet 95 is provided, and a water inlet 89 and a water outlet 93 are provided on the biomass gas processing chamber 9. The second gas outlet 95 is connected to the first biomass air inlet 16 through a return air pipe 86. The gas inlet 88 is connected to the first gas outlet 45 through a first hot air inlet pipe 84. The water outlet 93 is connected to the hot water inlet 50 through a first connecting water pipe 98. A pyrolysis gas outlet 81 and a hot air inlet 83 are provided on the metal carbonization chamber 10. The pyrolysis gas outlet 81 is connected to the second biomass air inlet 37 through an air outlet pipe 85, and the hot air inlet 83 is connected to the hot air outlet 49 through a second hot air inlet pipe 107.

[0046] The present embodiment is a method for using an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, specifically: organic solid waste is added to the pyrolysis chamber 1 for pyrolysis, the generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the air outlet 26 for cracking treatment, the hot air generated by the cracking enters the material drying chamber 3 through the lower hot air pipe 39 to heat the outside of the air drying cylinder 41, and the hot air through the upper hot air pipe 40 heats and dries the dried material in the air drying cylinder 41, a part of the hot air outside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the metal carbonization chamber 10 through the hot air outlet 49, and the other part of the hot air enters the steam boiler 4 through the first connecting air pipe 48, the metal carbonization chamber 10 performs carbonization treatment on the added metal-containing waste, and the generated gas passes through the pyrolysis gas outlet 81, The air outlet pipe 85 and the second biomass air inlet 37 enter the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the hot air inside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the biomass gas processing chamber 9 through the first gas outlet 45, the first hot air inlet pipe 84 and the gas inlet 88 in turn. After the hot air is dehydrated in the biomass gas processing chamber 9, it enters the pyrolysis chamber 1 through the second gas outlet 95, the return air pipe 86 and the first biomass air inlet 16 in turn to be pyrolyzed; the hot air entering the steam boiler 4 is heat-absorbed and then, under the action of the induced draft fan 55, is processed in turn through the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, the spray chamber 6, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8. A part of the gas purified in the water bath purification chamber 8 enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the tail gas recovery pipe 70, and the other part is discharged through the discharge pipe 68.

[0047] The specific description of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0048] The pyrolysis chamber 1 is provided with a pyrolysis chamber feed port 116 on the side, and a first ash outlet 21 is provided on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 1. The first ash outlet 21 is gravity-sensitive and automatically opens when the ash exceeds 5kg, and automatically closes after the material is discharged. A grate 20 is provided in the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the grate 20 is connected to the third reducer 101. One end of the grate 20 is provided at the pyrolysis chamber feed port 116, and the other end is close to the first ash outlet 21. A slag storage pool 25 is arranged below the opening 21, and water is arranged in the slag storage pool 25, and the water level is 30%-50% of the pool depth, and the slag storage pool 25 is connected to the slag remover 96, and the waste slag in the slag storage pool 25 is discharged through the slag remover 96 and then collected and transported out, and a first dust reduction plate 22 is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the first dust reduction plate 22 is located at the air outlet 26, and the first dust reduction plate 22 is an arch structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arch structure and the horizontal direction is 55-80 degrees.

[0049] The pyrolysis chamber 1 is connected to the first feeding system 11, and organic solid waste is added to the pyrolysis chamber 1 through the first feeding system 11. The first feeding system 11 includes a first silo 13, a first loader 14 and a pushing system 17. One end of the first loader 14 is arranged inside the first silo 13, and the other end is arranged above the pushing system 17. The pushing system 17 is located at the pyrolysis chamber inlet 116. The pushing system 17 is connected to the motor 18. A positioning plate 15 is arranged at the pyrolysis chamber inlet 116. The organic solid waste in the first silo 13 is transported by the first loader 14, and the organic solid waste is transported to the grate 20 under the action of the pushing system 17. The organic solid waste is spread on the grate 20 under the action of the third reducer 101, and the spreading thickness of the organic solid waste is adjusted by the positioning plate 15.

[0050] A second ash outlet 31 is provided on the bottom surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the lower part of the second ash outlet 31 is connected to the ash outlet pipe 33 through a cleaning fan 32. The cleaning fan 32 cleans the ash every 6-12 hours. The outlet end of the ash outlet pipe 33 is arranged in an ash storage box 35, and the outlet end of the ash outlet pipe 33 is connected to an ash cover 34 through a spring. The ash cover 34 is opened only when cleaning to discharge the dust into the ash storage box 35. A second dust reduction plate 36 is provided in the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the second dust reduction plate 36 is located at the lower hot air pipe 39. The second dust reduction plate 36 is an arched structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arched structure and the horizontal direction is 65-85 degrees.

[0051] An additive addition port 104 is provided on the side of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and an combustion-supporting agent addition port 27, a self-circulation outlet 99 and a self-circulation inlet 100 are provided on the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2. The self-circulation inlet 100 is provided on the side close to the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the self-circulation outlet 99 is provided on the side close to the material drying chamber 3. The exhaust gas recovery pipe 70 is connected to the self-circulation inlet 100 through the air inlet pipe 28, and the exhaust gas recovery pipe 70 is connected to the self-circulation outlet 99 through the air outlet pipe 108. A secondary air fan 29 is provided on the air inlet pipe 28, and an airflow control valve 30 is provided on both the exhaust gas recovery pipe 70 and the air outlet pipe 108.

[0052] The air drying cylinder 41 is provided with blades 42, the lower part of the material drying chamber 3 is provided with a dust outlet 43, the dust outlet 43 is connected to the dust storage tank 44, and the discharge pipe 47 is provided with a discharge valve 46. The top of the steam boiler 4 is provided with a steam outlet 51, and the steam outlet 51 is provided with an airflow control valve 30.

[0053] A dust removal hole 102 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, and the dust removal hole 102 is located in the ash storage bucket 53. Dust falls into the ash storage bucket 53 through the dust removal hole 102. A dust shield plate 103 is provided above the dust removal hole 102. The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0054] The spray chamber 6 is provided with a water storage chamber 58 at the top, and a plurality of spray nozzles 57 are provided below the water storage chamber 58. The spray chamber 6 is connected to a slurry storage tank 59 at the bottom. The water in the water storage chamber 58 contains a reagent, which is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramics, with a mixing mass ratio of 1:(0.12-0.35):(0.15-0.28), and a dosage of 200-1500g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm, and the ceramic is made of fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0055] Two groups of purification components are arranged in the water bath purification chamber 8, each group of purification components includes a plurality of filter balancing plates 67 arranged at intervals, the two groups of purification components are respectively provided with a first slag discharge pipe 62 and a second slag discharge pipe 63, and a slag discharge funnel 64 is arranged below each group of purification components, and a slag discharge port 65 is arranged below the slag discharge funnel 64, and the slag discharge port 65 is located in the collecting bucket 66, and the slag discharge port 65 is closed during operation and is only opened for slag discharge.

[0056] The condenser 87 is connected to the water tank 91 through a water valve 90, the gas inlet 88 and the air outlet 92 of the condenser 87 are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the biomass gas processing chamber 9, the second gas outlet 95 is located at the upper part of the drying chamber 94, the water inlet 89 and the water outlet 93 are respectively located at the lower and top parts of the biomass gas processing chamber 9, and the water inlet 89 is connected to the first water storage tank 112 through a third connecting water pipe 113.

[0057] The metal carbonization chamber 10 is provided with a metal carbonization chamber inlet 117 on the side, and the bottom of the metal carbonization chamber 10 is provided with an aggregate pit 79. The aggregate pit 79 has a tubular cross-section, and a discharge funnel 80 is provided on the upper side. The discharge funnel 80 is gravity-sensitive and opens and closes. The discharge funnel 80 opens when the weight exceeds 2kg and closes after unloading. Water is provided in the aggregate pit 79, and the water level is 40%-60% of the pit depth. The aggregate pit 79 is connected to the slag remover 96. A cooling pipe 109 is provided on the inner side of the aggregate pit 79. The cooling pipe 109 is connected to the steam boiler 4 through a second connecting water pipe 110. A circulating water pump is provided on the second connecting water pipe 110 111, the cooling pipe 109 is connected to the second water storage tank 114 through the fourth connecting water pipe 115, the carbonized material in the aggregate pit 79 is discharged through the slag remover 96 and then collected and transported out, the metal carbonization chamber 10 is provided with an upper mesh belt conveyor 77 and a lower mesh belt conveyor 78, the upper mesh belt conveyor 77 is arranged above the lower mesh belt conveyor 78, one end of the upper mesh belt conveyor 77 is arranged at the metal carbonization chamber inlet 117, one end of the lower mesh belt conveyor 78 is close to the aggregate pit 79, the upper mesh belt conveyor 77 is connected to the first reducer 75, and the lower mesh belt conveyor 78 is connected to the second reducer 82.

[0058] The hot air inlets 83 are arranged in three rows along the height direction of the metal carbonization chamber 10, with a spacing of 0.4-1.2m between each row, and a spacing of 0.5-1.5m between the upper row and the lower row. The hot air inlets 83 located in the upper row are inclined downward at an angle of 8-30 degrees, the hot air inlets 83 located in the middle row are inclined downward at an angle of 1-15 degrees, and the hot air inlets 83 located in the lower row are inclined upward at an angle of 3-20 degrees.

[0059] The number of the metal carbonization chambers 10 is one or more. The metal carbonization chamber 10 is connected to the second feeding system 12, and metal-containing waste is added into the metal carbonization chamber 10 through the second feeding system 12. The second feeding system 12 includes a second silo 71, a second loader 72 and a screw feeder 73. One end of the second loader 72 is arranged inside the second silo 71, and the other end is arranged above the screw feeder 73. The screw feeder 73 is arranged at the metal carbonization chamber inlet 117. A dustproof plate 74 is arranged above the screw feeder 73. The dustproof plate 74 is connected to the metal carbonization chamber 10. An ash baffle 76 is arranged inside the metal carbonization chamber 10. The ash baffle 76 is arranged at the metal carbonization chamber inlet 117. The ash baffle 76 is an arched structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arched structure and the horizontal direction is 35-65 degrees.

[0060] The bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is provided with a primary air duct 24, and the primary air duct 24 is connected to a primary fan 23. The air volume of the primary fan 23 is 2000-6000m3 of organic solid waste. 3 / (tons·hour), the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is provided with an oxygen inlet pipe 19, and the gas with an oxygen content exceeding 70% is introduced into the oxygen inlet pipe 19.

[0061] The pyrolysis chamber 1, the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, the material drying chamber 3, the biomass gas processing chamber 9 and the metal carbonization chamber 10 are all provided with 4-8 temperature monitoring points 38 and 2-4 pressure monitoring points 97, the steam boiler 4 is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points 38 and 2 pressure monitoring points 97, the second connecting air pipe 52 is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points 38, the discharge pipe 68 is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points 38, and the lower hot air pipe 39 is provided with 2 temperature monitoring points 38.

[0062] The exhaust pipe 68 is provided with a monitoring box 69, and the monitoring box 69 is provided with probes for monitoring various gases to monitor the content of exhaust components, and data is collected once every 30-120 minutes.

[0063] A cover plate 106 is arranged above the positioning plate 15 , and the cover plate 106 is connected to the pyrolysis chamber 1 . The first biomass air inlet 16 is arranged on the cover plate 106 . The front end of the pushing system 17 is a pushing plate 105 , and the pushing plate 105 is closed and sealed with the cover plate 106 after being pushed out.

[0064] The outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 are steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature resistant insulation layers are arranged from the outside to the inside, namely, refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coatings and refractory coatings. Biomass additives are added to the combustion aid inlet 27, and the biomass additives are solid powder fuels with a calorific value greater than 8000kcal / kg. Additives are added to the additive inlet 104, and the additives are a mixture of modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1: (0.03-0.1): (0.01-0.05): (0.03-0.08): (0.1-0.15): (0.12-0.25). The particle sizes of the modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0 mm, 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.05-0.1 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.05-0.5 mm and 0.1-2.0 mm respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:(0.5-0.8); the modifier concentration of ferric chloride is 0.01-0.1 mol / L, the modifier concentration of NaOH is 0.01-0.05 mol / L, and the modification time is 24-72 hours; the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value (on a dry basis) is greater than 400 mg / g, and the sulfated ash content is less than 7% (dry basis).

[0065] The air volume of the secondary air blower 29 comes from the tail gas and the air volume of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 in a ratio of 1:(0.1-0.3). Organic solid waste is added to the pyrolysis chamber 1, the organic solid waste has a water content of less than 20% and a calorific value of more than 3000 kcal / kg, metal-containing waste is added to the metal carbonization chamber 10, the water content of the metal-containing waste is less than 15%, and the moisture content of the dried material in the material drying chamber 3 is less than 55%, and the particle size is 5-40 mm.

[0066] The pyrolysis chamber 1 controls the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber 1 to 350°C-600°C by controlling the feed amount and the amount of fuel gas entering the biomass gas treatment chamber 9; the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is 850°C-1000°C, and the residence time of the entering gas is 3-8 seconds. The temperature is controlled by controlling the air intake of the second biomass air inlet 37 of the metal carbonization chamber 10, the amount of biomass additive added to the combustion aid addition port 27, and the amount of mixed gas refluxed from the self-circulation inlet 100; when the metal carbonization chamber 10 recovers metals from organic solid waste, the temperature is 350-600°C, and when the metal carbonization chamber 10 recovers metals from minerals, the temperature is 600-950°C.

[0067] After the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 meet the normal operating temperature conditions, the metal carbonization chamber 10 is started. After the metal carbonization chamber 10 operates normally and the operating load reaches more than 70% of the design, the first feeding system 11 stops feeding, and the push plate 105 and the cover plate 106 at the front end of the pushing system 17 are closed and sealed. When the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is lower than 850 degrees, the first feeding system 11 is started to throw organic solid waste onto the grate 20 in the pyrolysis chamber 1.

[0068] The equipment can dry organic solid wastes such as sludge, Chinese medicine residue, and livestock and poultry manure, and recycle metal-containing wastes such as metal zippers, different aluminum-containing plastics and metals. The equipment can achieve a drying operation load of 0.5 to 5.0 tons / hour, a metal recovery operation load of 1.0 to 10.0 tons / hour, and ultra-low (near zero) emissions of pollutants. The tail gas monitoring pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 1. Both NOx and HCl are below the detection limit, and the monitoring index value is zero. Other indicators are significantly lower than the national standard limit, and it is the first in China to achieve ultra-low emissions.

[0069] The equipment can achieve an organic solid waste heat energy conversion rate of over 90%, a metal extraction rate of over 90% in organic solid waste, and a metal extraction rate of over 80% in mineral powder, reducing exhaust gas generation by over 50%, exhaust gas treatment costs by over 70%, and carbonization efficiency by over 50%.

[0070] Table 1 List of tail gas emission indicators

[0071]

[0072] Note: The standard limit values ​​of total volatile organic compounds adopt the relevant requirement indicators in the "Volatile Organic Compound Emission Control Standards for Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and the other indicators in the table adopt the limit values ​​in the "Pollution Control Standards for Incineration of Municipal Waste" (GB18485-2014).

[0073] Example 2: This example takes the drying of municipal sewage sludge and the extraction of aluminum from aluminum-containing waste plastics as examples.

[0074] See also Figure 1-4The present embodiment is described as an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, comprising a pyrolysis chamber 1, a high-temperature cracking chamber 2, a material drying chamber 3, a steam boiler 4, a cyclone dust removal chamber 5, a spray chamber 6, an electrostatic dust removal chamber 7, a water bath purification chamber 8, a biomass gas treatment chamber 9 and a metal carbonization chamber 10, wherein the pyrolysis chamber 1 comprises a positioning plate 15, a biomass air inlet 16, a pushing system 17, a motor 18, an oxygen inlet pipe 19, a grate 20, an ash outlet 21, a first dust reduction plate 22, a primary fan 23, a primary air duct 24 and a slag storage tank 25, and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 comprises an combustion aid addition port 27, an air inlet pipe 28, a secondary air fan 29, an air flow control valve 30, an ash outlet 31, a ash cleaning fan 32, an ash outlet 33, an ash storage tank 25, and a slag storage tank 26. The material drying chamber 3 comprises an air drying cylinder 41, blades 42, a dust outlet 43, a dust storage tank 44, a first gas outlet 45, a discharge valve 46 and a discharge port 47. The high-temperature cracking chamber 2 and the material drying chamber 3 are connected by an upper hot air pipe 40 and a lower hot air pipe 39. The upper hot air pipe 40 is connected to the inside of the air drying cylinder 41, and the lower hot air pipe 39 is connected to the outside of the air drying cylinder 41. The material drying chamber 3 and the steam boiler 4 are connected by a first connecting air pipe 48, and the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 are connected by a second connecting air pipe 52. The cyclone dust removal chamber 5 comprises an ash storage barrel 53, The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 and the induced draft fan 55, the spray chamber 6 includes a spray nozzle 57, a water storage chamber 58 and a slurry storage tank 59, the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 and the spray chamber 6 are connected by a third connecting air pipe 56, and the spray chamber 6 and the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 are connected by a fourth connecting air pipe 60; the water bath purification chamber 8 includes a first slag discharge pipe 62, a second slag discharge pipe 63, a slag discharge funnel 64, a slag discharge port 65, a collection bucket 66, a filter equalization plate 67 and a discharge pipe 68, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 are connected by a fifth connecting air pipe 61, and the discharge pipe 68 is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through a tail gas recovery pipe 70; the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 includes a condenser 87, a gas inlet 88, a water inlet 89, and a water valve 90. , a water tank 91, an air port 92, a water outlet 93, a drying chamber 94, a second gas outlet 95, a first water storage tank 112 and a third connecting water pipe 113, the second gas outlet 95 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the first biomass air inlet 16 of the pyrolysis chamber 1 through a return air pipe 86, and the gas inlet 88 at the other end is connected to the first gas outlet 45 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84, and the water outlet 93 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the hot water inlet 50 at one end of the steam boiler 4 through a first connecting water pipe 98; the metal carbonization chamber 10 completes the input of raw materials through the second feeding system 12, and the second feeding system 12 includes a second silo 71, a second feeder 72 and a screw feeder 73;The metal carbonization chamber 10 includes a dustproof plate 74, a first reducer 75, an ash baffle 76, an upper mesh belt conveyor 77, a lower mesh belt conveyor 78, an aggregate pit 79, a discharge hopper 80, a pyrolysis gas outlet 81, a second reducer 82, a hot air inlet 83, a cooling pipe 109, a second water storage tank 114 and a fourth connecting water pipe 115. The pyrolysis gas outlet 81 at one end of the metal carbonization chamber 10 is connected to the second biomass air inlet 37 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the hot air inlet 83 at the other end is connected to the hot air outlet 49 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84; the pyrolysis chamber 1 completes the input of fuel through the first feeding system 11, and the first feeding system 11 includes a first silo 13, a first feeder 14 and a positioning plate 15, a pushing system 17 and a motor 18; the waste slag in the slag storage pool 25 and the carbonized material in the aggregate pit 79 are discharged through a slag remover 96 and then collected and transported out, and a monitoring box 69 is set on the discharge pipe 68. ;

[0075] The organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis chamber 2 through the first feeding system 11, and the generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 for high-temperature treatment through the air outlet 26; the hot air generated by the high-temperature cracking enters the material drying chamber 3 through the lower hot air pipe 39 to heat the outside of the air drying cylinder 41, and at the same time, the dried material inside the air drying cylinder 41 is heated through the upper hot air pipe 40; a part of the hot air outside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the metal carbonization chamber 10 through the hot air outlet 49, and the other part of the hot air enters the steam boiler 4 through the first connecting air pipe 48; the hot air inside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the biomass gas processing chamber 9 through the first gas outlet 45, and after being dehydrated, enters the pyrolysis chamber 1 through the second gas outlet 95, the return air pipe 86 and the first biomass air inlet 16 for pyrolysis; the hot air entering the steam boiler 4 is absorbed and then passes through the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, the spray chamber 6, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 in turn under the action of the induced draft fan 55, and is treated by the water bath A part of the gas treated in the purification chamber 8 enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the tail gas recovery pipe 70, the secondary air fan 29 and the air inlet pipe 28, and the other part is discharged through the discharge pipe 68; an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the tail gas recovery pipe 70, a three-way pipe is arranged on the side connected to the tail gas recovery pipe 70 by the secondary air fan 29, and an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the pipe connected to the self-circulation outlet 99, and under the action of the secondary air fan 29, the mixed air enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the self-circulation inlet 100; the self-circulation inlet 100 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the self-circulation outlet 99 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the material drying chamber 3; the steam outlet 51 of the steam boiler 4 is located on one side of the top, and the steam outlet 51 is provided with an air flow control valve 30; the water level in the aggregate pit 79 is 40% of the pit depth, and the water level in the slag storage pool 25 is 30% of the pit depth.

[0076] The organic waste in the first hopper 13 of the first feeding system 11 is transported by the first feeding machine 14, and the organic solid waste is transported to the grate 20 under the action of the pushing system 17, and the organic solid waste is spread on the grate 20 under the action of the third reducer 101, and the thickness of the organic solid waste spread on the grate 20 is adjusted by the positioning plate 15; the pyrolysis chamber 1 controls the feed amount and the amount of fuel gas entering the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 to achieve a controlled temperature of 350°C to 600°C; the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is 850°C-1000°C, and the residence time of the entering gas is 3-8 seconds. The temperature control is achieved by controlling the gas amount of the second biomass air inlet 37 of the metal carbonization chamber 10, the amount of biomass additive added to the combustion aid addition port 27, and the amount of mixed gas refluxed from the self-circulation inlet 100; when the metal carbonization chamber 10 recovers metals in the organic solid waste, the temperature is 350-600°C.

[0077] The dust cleaning fan 32 of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 cleans once every 6 hours. The ash cover 34 is connected by a spring and is opened only when cleaning to discharge the dust into the ash storage box 35. The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 in the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 is large at the top and small at the bottom. The dust falls into the ash storage bucket 53 through the dust removal hole 102. The dust shield 103 is on the upper side of the dust removal hole 102. The reagent added to the water in the water storage chamber 58 in the spray chamber 6 is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramics, with a mixed mass ratio of 1:0.12:0.15 and a dosage of 200g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm; the ceramic is made of fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm; different gas monitoring probes are arranged in the monitoring box 69 to monitor the content of exhaust gas components, and data is collected once every 30 minutes.

[0078] The outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 are steel plates, and four layers of high-temperature resistant insulation layers are arranged from the outside to the inside, namely, refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coating and refractory paint; the oxygen content of the gas added by the oxygen inlet pipe 19 exceeds 70%, the biomass additive added by the combustion-aiding agent adding port 27 is a wood coke solid powder fuel with a calorific value greater than 8000kcal / kg, and the additive added by the additive adding port 104 is a mixture of modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.03:0.01:0.03:0.1:0.12, and the modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, The particle sizes of calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0mm, 0.1-0.5mm, 0.05-0.1mm, 0.25-1.0mm, 0.05-0.5mm and 0.1-2.0mm respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.5; the concentration of the ferric chloride modifier is 0.01mol / L, the concentration of the NaOH modifier is 0.01mol / L, and the modification time is 24 hours; the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value (on a dry basis) is greater than 400mg / g, and the sulfated ash content is less than 7% (dry basis).

[0079] The hot air inlets 83 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 are arranged in three rows at the top, middle and bottom, with a spacing of 0.4m between each row; the spacing between the upper and lower rows of the hot air inlets 83 is 0.5m, the hot air inlets 83 in the upper row are tilted downward at an angle of 8 degrees, the middle row are tilted downward at an angle of 1 degree, and the bottom row are tilted upward at an angle of 3 degrees; the first dust suppression plate 22, the second dust suppression plate 36, and the ash baffle 76 are arranged in an arch shape, and the angles of the tangent to the horizontal direction are 55 degrees, 65 degrees and 35 degrees respectively; the ash outlet 21 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is provided with a gravity sensor, which automatically opens when the ash exceeds 5kg and automatically closes after the material is discharged; the discharge funnel 80 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 opens when it exceeds 2kg and closes after unloading.

[0080] Each of the pyrolysis chamber 1, the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, the material drying chamber 3, the biomass gas processing chamber 9 and the metal carbonization chamber 10 is provided with 4 temperature monitoring points 38, and 2 pressure monitoring points 97; the steam boiler 4 is provided with 2 temperature monitoring points 38, and 2 pressure monitoring points 97; 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the second connecting air pipe 52 between the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the discharge pipe 68, 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the lower hot air pipe 39, and the temperature monitoring points 38 of the pyrolysis chamber 1, the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, the material drying chamber 3, the biomass gas processing chamber 9 and the metal carbonization chamber 10 are arranged front and back.

[0081] The air volume of the secondary air blower 29 comes from the tail gas and the air volume of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 in a ratio of 1:0.1, and the air volume from the primary air blower 23 is 2000m3 of organic solid waste. 3 / (tons·hour); the water content of the urban sludge after dehydration, impurity removal and drying is 10.2-15.6% and the calorific value is 3000-4000kcal / kg, the water content of aluminum-containing plastic is 3.6-10.7%; the water content of the sludge to be dried in the material drying chamber 3 is 40.9-55.0%, and the particle size is 5-40mm.

[0082] After the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 meet the normal operating temperature conditions, the metal carbonization chamber 10 is started. After the metal carbonization chamber 10 operates normally and the operating load reaches more than 70% of the design, the first feeding system 11 stops feeding, and the push plate 105 and the cover plate 106 at the front end of the pushing system 17 are closed and sealed. When the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is lower than 850 degrees, the first feeding system 11 is started to throw organic solid waste onto the grate 20 in the pyrolysis chamber 1.

[0083] The operating load of the pyrolysis chamber device in this embodiment is 1.0m 3 / h, the volume of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 is 10m 3 , and other equipment is matched with it; the experimental results show that: the heat energy conversion rate of organic solid waste is as high as 90.5%-95.3%, the metal extraction rate is 92.6%-97.9%, the device reduces the exhaust gas generation by 55.1%-68.5%, reduces the exhaust gas treatment cost by 75.4%-79.5%, and increases the carbonization efficiency by 55.9%-61.3%. The operation efficiency is greatly improved, and ultra-low pollution emissions are achieved. The equipment realizes the drying of urban sludge and the recycling of metals in aluminum-containing plastics. The equipment achieves a drying operation load of 1.0 tons / hour of urban sludge, a metal recovery operation load of 2.0 tons / hour, and near-zero pollutant emissions. The exhaust gas monitoring pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 2. NOx and HCl are both below the detection limit, the monitoring index value is zero, and other indicators are significantly lower than the national standard limit.

[0084] Table 2 List of exhaust emission indicators

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Note: The standard limit values ​​of total volatile organic compounds adopt the relevant requirement indicators in the "Volatile Organic Compound Emission Control Standards for Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and other indicators adopt the limit values ​​in the "Pollution Control Standards for Incineration of Municipal Waste" (GB18485-2014).

[0088] Example 3: This example takes the drying of traditional Chinese medicine residues and the extraction of metals from fabric zippers as examples.

[0089] See also Figure 1-4The present embodiment is described as an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, comprising a pyrolysis chamber 1, a high-temperature cracking chamber 2, a material drying chamber 3, a steam boiler 4, a cyclone dust removal chamber 5, a spray chamber 6, an electrostatic dust removal chamber 7, a water bath purification chamber 8, a biomass gas treatment chamber 9 and a metal carbonization chamber 10, wherein the pyrolysis chamber 1 comprises a positioning plate 15, a biomass air inlet 16, a pushing system 17, a motor 18, an oxygen inlet pipe 19, a grate 20, an ash outlet 21, a first dust reduction plate 22, a primary fan 23, a primary air duct 24 and a slag storage tank 25, and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 comprises an combustion aid addition port 27, an air inlet pipe 28, a secondary air fan 29, an air flow control valve 30, an ash outlet 31, a ash cleaning fan 32, an ash outlet 33, an ash storage tank 25, and a slag storage tank 26. The material drying chamber 3 comprises an air drying cylinder 41, blades 42, a dust outlet 43, a dust storage tank 44, a first gas outlet 45, a discharge valve 46 and a discharge port 47. The high-temperature cracking chamber 2 and the material drying chamber 3 are connected by an upper hot air pipe 40 and a lower hot air pipe 39. The upper hot air pipe 40 is connected to the inside of the air drying cylinder 41, and the lower hot air pipe 39 is connected to the outside of the air drying cylinder 41. The material drying chamber 3 and the steam boiler 4 are connected by a first connecting air pipe 48, and the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 are connected by a second connecting air pipe 52. The cyclone dust removal chamber 5 comprises an ash storage barrel 53, The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 and the induced draft fan 55, the spray chamber 6 includes a spray nozzle 57, a water storage chamber 58 and a slurry storage tank 59, the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 and the spray chamber 6 are connected by a third connecting air pipe 56, and the spray chamber 6 and the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 are connected by a fourth connecting air pipe 60; the water bath purification chamber 8 includes a first slag discharge pipe 62, a second slag discharge pipe 63, a slag discharge funnel 64, a slag discharge port 65, a collection bucket 66, a filter equalization plate 67 and a discharge pipe 68, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 are connected by a fifth connecting air pipe 61, and the discharge pipe 68 is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through a tail gas recovery pipe 70; the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 includes a condenser 87, a gas inlet 88, a water inlet 89, and a water valve 90. , a water tank 91, an air port 92, a water outlet 93, a drying chamber 94, a second gas outlet 95, a first water storage tank 112 and a third connecting water pipe 113, the second gas outlet 95 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the first biomass air inlet 16 of the pyrolysis chamber 1 through a return air pipe 86, and the gas inlet 88 at the other end is connected to the first gas outlet 45 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84, and the water outlet 93 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the hot water inlet 50 at one end of the steam boiler 4 through a first connecting water pipe 98; the metal carbonization chamber 10 completes the input of raw materials through the second feeding system 12, and the second feeding system 12 includes a second silo 71, a second feeder 72 and a screw feeder 73;The metal carbonization chamber 10 includes a dustproof plate 74, a first reducer 75, an ash baffle 76, an upper mesh belt conveyor 77, a lower mesh belt conveyor 78, an aggregate pit 79, a discharge hopper 80, a pyrolysis gas outlet 81, a second reducer 82, a hot air inlet 83, a cooling pipe 109, a second water storage tank 114 and a fourth connecting water pipe 115. The pyrolysis gas outlet 81 at one end of the metal carbonization chamber 10 is connected to the second biomass air inlet 37 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the hot air inlet 83 at the other end is connected to the hot air outlet 49 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84; the pyrolysis chamber 1 completes the input of fuel through the first feeding system 11, and the first feeding system 11 includes a first silo 13, a first feeder 14 and a positioning plate 15, a pushing system 17 and a motor 18; the waste slag in the slag storage pool 25 and the carbonized material in the aggregate pit 79 are discharged through a slag remover 96 and then collected and transported out, and a monitoring box 69 is set on the discharge pipe 68. ;

[0090] The organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis chamber 2 through the first feeding system 11, and the generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 for high-temperature treatment through the air outlet 26; the hot air generated by the high-temperature cracking enters the material drying chamber 3 through the lower hot air pipe 39 to heat the outside of the air drying cylinder 41, and at the same time, the dried material inside the air drying cylinder 41 is heated through the upper hot air pipe 40; a part of the hot air outside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the metal carbonization chamber 10 through the hot air outlet 49, and the other part of the hot air enters the steam boiler 4 through the first connecting air pipe 48; the hot air inside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the biomass gas processing chamber 9 through the first gas outlet 45, and after being dehydrated, enters the pyrolysis chamber 1 through the second gas outlet 95, the return air pipe 86 and the first biomass air inlet 16 for pyrolysis; the hot air entering the steam boiler 4 is absorbed and then passes through the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, the spray chamber 6, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 in turn under the action of the induced draft fan 55, and is treated by the water bath A part of the gas treated in the purification chamber 8 enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the tail gas recovery pipe 70, the secondary air fan 29 and the air inlet pipe 28, and the other part is discharged through the discharge pipe 68; an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the tail gas recovery pipe 70, a three-way pipe is arranged on the side connected to the tail gas recovery pipe 70 by the secondary air fan 29, and an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the pipe connected to the self-circulation outlet 99, and under the action of the secondary air fan 29, the mixed air enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the self-circulation inlet 100; the self-circulation inlet 100 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the self-circulation outlet 99 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the material drying chamber 3; the steam outlet 51 of the steam boiler 4 is located on one side of the top, and the steam outlet 51 is provided with an air flow control valve 30; the water level in the aggregate pit 79 is 60% of the pit depth, and the water level in the slag storage pool 25 is 50% of the pit depth.

[0091] The organic waste in the first hopper 13 of the first feeding system 11 is transported by the first feeding machine 14, and the organic solid waste is transported to the grate 20 under the action of the pushing system 17, and the organic solid waste is spread on the grate 20 under the action of the third reducer 101, and the thickness of the organic solid waste spread on the grate 20 is adjusted by the positioning plate 15; the pyrolysis chamber 1 controls the feed amount and the amount of fuel gas entering the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 to achieve a controlled temperature of 350°C to 600°C; the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is 850°C-1000°C, and the residence time of the entering gas is 3-8 seconds. The temperature control is achieved by controlling the gas amount of the second biomass air inlet 37 of the metal carbonization chamber 10, the amount of biomass additive added to the combustion aid addition port 27, and the amount of mixed gas refluxed from the self-circulation inlet 100; when the metal carbonization chamber 10 recovers metals in the organic solid waste, the temperature is 350-600°C.

[0092] The cleaning fan 32 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is cleaned once every 12 hours. The ash cover 34 is connected by a spring and is opened only when cleaning to discharge the dust into the ash storage box 35. The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 in the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 is large at the top and small at the bottom. The dust falls into the ash storage barrel 53 through the dust removal hole 102. The dust shield 103 is on the upper side of the dust removal hole 102. The reagent added to the water in the water storage chamber 58 in the spray chamber 6 is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramics, with a mixed mass ratio of 1:0.35:0.28 and a dosage of 1500g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm; the ceramic is made of fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm; different gas monitoring probes are arranged in the monitoring box 69 to monitor the content of exhaust gas components, and data is collected once every 120 minutes.

[0093] The outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 are steel plates, and four high-temperature resistant insulation layers are arranged from the outside to the inside in sequence, namely, refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coating and refractory paint; the oxygen content of the gas added by the oxygen inlet pipe 19 exceeds 70%, the biomass additive added by the combustion-aiding agent adding port 27 is a solid powder fuel of graphite powder with a calorific value greater than 8000kcal / kg, and the additive added by the additive adding port 104 is a mixture of modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.1:0.05:0.08:0.15:0.25, and the modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, The particle sizes of calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0mm, 0.1-0.5mm, 0.05-0.1mm, 0.25-1.0mm, 0.05-0.5mm and 0.1-2.0mm respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.8; the concentration of the ferric chloride modifier is 0.1mol / L, the concentration of the NaOH modifier is 0.05mol / L, and the modification time is 72 hours; the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value (on a dry basis) is greater than 400mg / g, and the sulfated ash content is less than 7% (dry basis).

[0094] The hot air inlet 83 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 is arranged in three rows at the top, middle and bottom, with a spacing of 1.2m between each row; the spacing between the upper and lower rows of the hot air inlet 83 is 1.5m, the hot air inlet 83 of the upper row is tilted downward at an angle of 30 degrees, the middle row is tilted downward at an angle of 15 degrees, and the bottom row is tilted upward at an angle of 20 degrees; the first dust suppression plate 22, the second dust suppression plate 36, and the ash baffle 76 are arranged in an arch shape, and the angles of the tangent to the horizontal direction are 80 degrees, 85 degrees and 65 degrees respectively; the ash outlet 21 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is provided with a gravity sensor, which automatically opens when the ash exceeds 5kg and automatically closes after the material is discharged; the discharge funnel 80 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 opens when it exceeds 2kg and closes after unloading.

[0095] The pyrolysis chamber 1, high-temperature cracking chamber 2, material drying chamber 3, biomass gas processing chamber 9 and metal carbonization chamber 10 are each provided with 8 temperature monitoring points 38 and 4 pressure monitoring points 97; the steam boiler 4 is provided with 4 temperature monitoring points 38 and 2 pressure monitoring points 97; 4 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the second connecting air pipe 52 between the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, 4 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the discharge pipe 68, and 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the lower hot air pipe 39. The temperature monitoring points 38 of the pyrolysis chamber 1, high-temperature cracking chamber 2, material drying chamber 3, biomass gas processing chamber 9 and metal carbonization chamber 10 are arranged front and back.

[0096] The air volume of the secondary air blower 29 comes from the tail gas and the air volume of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 in a ratio of 1:0.3, and the air volume from the primary air blower 23 is 6000m3 of organic solid waste. 3 / (tons·hour); the moisture content of the dried Chinese medicine residue is 12.7%-18.5% and the calorific value is 3200-4500kcal / kg, and the moisture content of the fabric metal zipper is 10.2%-12.3%; the moisture content of the dried material in the material drying chamber 3 is 46.9%-53.3%, and the particle size is 5-40mm.

[0097] After the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 meet the normal operating temperature conditions, the metal carbonization chamber 10 is started. After the metal carbonization chamber 10 operates normally and the operating load reaches more than 70% of the design, the first feeding system 11 stops feeding, and the push plate 105 and the cover plate 106 at the front end of the pushing system 17 are closed and sealed. When the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is lower than 850 degrees, the first feeding system 11 is started to throw organic solid waste onto the grate 20 in the pyrolysis chamber 1.

[0098] The operating load of the pyrolysis chamber of the device in this embodiment is 1.5m 3 / h, the volume of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 is 15m 3 , and other matching equipment; the experimental results show that the thermal energy conversion rate of organic solid waste is as high as 90.3%-95.6%, the metal extraction rate is 95.1%-98.7%, the device can reduce the exhaust gas generation by 55.2%-63.6%, reduce the exhaust gas treatment cost by more than 73.5%-80.6%, and increase the carbonization efficiency by 52.6%-58.3%.

[0099] The equipment can dry Chinese medicine residue and recover metal from fabric metal zippers. The equipment can dry Chinese medicine residue at an operating load of 2.0 tons / hour and recover metal from fabric metal zippers at an operating load of 1.5 tons / hour, achieving near-zero pollutant emissions. The tail gas monitoring pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 3. Both NOx and HCl are below the detection limit, and the monitoring indicator value is zero. Other indicators are significantly lower than the national standard limit.

[0100] Table 3 List of tail gas emission indicators

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Note: The standard limit values ​​of total volatile organic compounds adopt the relevant indicator limits in the "Volatile Organic Compound Emission Control Standards for Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and other indicators adopt the limit values ​​in the "Pollution Control Standards for Incineration of Municipal Waste" (GB18485-2014).

[0104] Example 4: This example takes the drying and utilization of chicken manure and the recovery of aluminum from aluminum-containing ore powder as examples.

[0105] See also Figure 1-4The present embodiment is described as an integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, comprising a pyrolysis chamber 1, a high-temperature cracking chamber 2, a material drying chamber 3, a steam boiler 4, a cyclone dust removal chamber 5, a spray chamber 6, an electrostatic dust removal chamber 7, a water bath purification chamber 8, a biomass gas treatment chamber 9 and a metal carbonization chamber 10, wherein the pyrolysis chamber 1 comprises a positioning plate 15, a biomass air inlet 16, a pushing system 17, a motor 18, an oxygen inlet pipe 19, a grate 20, an ash outlet 21, a first dust reduction plate 22, a primary fan 23, a primary air duct 24 and a slag storage tank 25, and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 comprises an combustion aid addition port 27, an air inlet pipe 28, a secondary air fan 29, an air flow control valve 30, an ash outlet 31, a ash cleaning fan 32, an ash outlet 33, an ash storage tank 25, and a slag storage tank 26. The material drying chamber 3 comprises an air drying cylinder 41, blades 42, a dust outlet 43, a dust storage tank 44, a first gas outlet 45, a discharge valve 46 and a discharge port 47. The high-temperature cracking chamber 2 and the material drying chamber 3 are connected by an upper hot air pipe 40 and a lower hot air pipe 39. The upper hot air pipe 40 is connected to the inside of the air drying cylinder 41, and the lower hot air pipe 39 is connected to the outside of the air drying cylinder 41. The material drying chamber 3 and the steam boiler 4 are connected by a first connecting air pipe 48, and the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 are connected by a second connecting air pipe 52. The cyclone dust removal chamber 5 comprises an ash storage barrel 53, The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 and the induced draft fan 55, the spray chamber 6 includes a spray nozzle 57, a water storage chamber 58 and a slurry storage tank 59, the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 and the spray chamber 6 are connected by a third connecting air pipe 56, and the spray chamber 6 and the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 are connected by a fourth connecting air pipe 60; the water bath purification chamber 8 includes a first slag discharge pipe 62, a second slag discharge pipe 63, a slag discharge funnel 64, a slag discharge port 65, a collection bucket 66, a filter equalization plate 67 and a discharge pipe 68, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 are connected by a fifth connecting air pipe 61, and the discharge pipe 68 is connected to the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through a tail gas recovery pipe 70; the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 includes a condenser 87, a gas inlet 88, a water inlet 89, and a water valve 90. , a water tank 91, an air port 92, a water outlet 93, a drying chamber 94, a second gas outlet 95, a first water storage tank 112 and a third connecting water pipe 113, the second gas outlet 95 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the first biomass air inlet 16 of the pyrolysis chamber 1 through a return air pipe 86, and the gas inlet 88 at the other end is connected to the first gas outlet 45 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84, and the water outlet 93 at one end of the biomass gas processing chamber 9 is connected to the hot water inlet 50 at one end of the steam boiler 4 through a first connecting water pipe 98; the metal carbonization chamber 10 completes the input of raw materials through the second feeding system 12, and the second feeding system 12 includes a second silo 71, a second feeder 72 and a screw feeder 73;The metal carbonization chamber 10 includes a dustproof plate 74, a first reducer 75, an ash baffle 76, an upper mesh belt conveyor 77, a lower mesh belt conveyor 78, an aggregate pit 79, a discharge hopper 80, a pyrolysis gas outlet 81, a second reducer 82, a hot air inlet 83, a cooling pipe 109, a second water storage tank 114 and a fourth connecting water pipe 115. The pyrolysis gas outlet 81 at one end of the metal carbonization chamber 10 is connected to the second biomass air inlet 37 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2, and the hot air inlet 83 at the other end is connected to the hot air outlet 49 of the material drying chamber 3 through a hot air inlet pipe 84; the pyrolysis chamber 1 completes the input of fuel through the first feeding system 11, and the first feeding system 11 includes a first silo 13, a first feeder 14 and a positioning plate 15, a pushing system 17 and a motor 18; the waste slag in the slag storage pool 25 and the carbonized material in the aggregate pit 79 are discharged through a slag remover 96 and then collected and transported out, and a monitoring box 69 is set on the discharge pipe 68. ;

[0106] The organic solid waste enters the pyrolysis chamber 2 through the first feeding system 11, and the generated pyrolysis gas enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 for high-temperature treatment through the air outlet 26; the hot air generated by the high-temperature cracking enters the material drying chamber 3 through the lower hot air pipe 39 to heat the outer side of the air drying cylinder 41, and at the same time, the dried material inside the air drying cylinder 41 is heated through the upper hot air pipe 40; a part of the hot air outside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the metal carbonization chamber 10 through the hot air outlet 49, and the other part of the hot air enters the steam boiler 4 through the first connecting air pipe 48; the hot air inside the air drying cylinder 41 enters the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 through the first gas outlet 45, and after being dehydrated, enters the pyrolysis chamber 1 through the second gas outlet 95, the return air pipe 86 and the first biomass air inlet 16 for pyrolysis; the hot air entering the steam boiler 4 is absorbed and then passes through the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, the spray chamber 6, the electrostatic dust removal chamber 7 and the water bath purification chamber 8 in turn for treatment under the action of the induced draft fan 55, and is dehydrated. A part of the gas treated in the bath purification chamber 8 enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the tail gas recovery pipe 70, the secondary air fan 29 and the air inlet pipe 28, and the other part is discharged through the discharge pipe 68; an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the tail gas recovery pipe 70, a three-way pipe is arranged on the side connected to the tail gas recovery pipe 70 by the secondary air fan 29, and an air flow control valve 30 is arranged on the pipe connected to the self-circulation outlet 99, and under the action of the secondary air fan 29, the mixed air enters the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 through the self-circulation inlet 100; the self-circulation inlet 100 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the self-circulation outlet 99 is arranged on the side of the top of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 connected to the material drying chamber 3; the steam outlet 51 of the steam boiler 4 is located on one side of the top, and the steam outlet 51 is provided with an air flow control valve 30; the water level in the aggregate pit 79 is 50% of the pit depth, and the water level in the slag storage pool 25 is 40% of the pit depth.

[0107] The organic waste in the first hopper 13 of the first feeding system 11 is transported by the first feeding machine 14, and the organic solid waste is transported to the grate 20 under the action of the pushing system 17, and the organic solid waste is spread on the grate 20 under the action of the third reducer 101, and the thickness of the organic solid waste spread on the grate 20 is adjusted by the positioning plate 15; the pyrolysis chamber 1 controls the feed amount and the amount of fuel gas entering the biomass gas treatment chamber 9 to achieve a controlled temperature of 350°C to 600°C; the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is 850°C-1000°C, and the residence time of the gas entering is 3-8 seconds. The temperature control is achieved by controlling the gas amount of the second biomass air inlet 37 of the metal carbonization chamber 10, the amount of biomass additive added to the combustion aid addition port 27, and the amount of mixed gas refluxed from the self-circulation inlet 100; when the metal carbonization chamber 10 recovers aluminum metal from minerals, the temperature is controlled at 600-950°C.

[0108] The dust cleaning fan 32 of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 cleans once every 8 hours. The ash cover 34 is connected by a spring and is opened only when cleaning to discharge the dust into the ash storage box 35. The cyclone exhaust pipe 54 in the cyclone dust removal chamber 5 is large at the top and small at the bottom. The dust falls into the ash storage bucket 53 through the dust removal hole 102. The dust shield 103 is on the upper side of the dust removal hole 102. The reagent added to the water in the water storage chamber 58 in the spray chamber 6 is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramics, with a mixed mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.2 and a dosage of 1000g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm; the ceramic is made of fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm; different gas monitoring probes are arranged in the monitoring box 69 to monitor the content of exhaust gas components, and data is collected once every 80 minutes.

[0109] The outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 are steel plates, and four high-temperature resistant insulation layers are arranged from the outside to the inside in sequence, namely, refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coating and refractory paint; the oxygen content of the gas added by the oxygen inlet pipe 19 exceeds 70%, the biomass additive added by the combustion aid adding port 27 is a solid powder fuel of charcoal powder with a calorific value greater than 8000kcal / kg, and the additive added by the additive adding port 104 is a mixture of modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.05:0.03:0.06:0.12:0.15, and the modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, The particle sizes of calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0mm, 0.1-0.5mm, 0.05-0.1mm, 0.25-1.0mm, 0.05-0.5mm and 0.1-2.0mm respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:0.6; the concentration of the ferric chloride modifier is 0.05mol / L, the concentration of the NaOH modifier is 0.03mol / L, and the modification time is 48 hours; the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value (on a dry basis) is greater than 400mg / g, and the sulfated ash content is less than 7% (dry basis).

[0110] The hot air inlets 83 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 are arranged in three rows at the top, middle and bottom, with a spacing of 0.8m between each row; the spacing between the upper and lower rows of the hot air inlets 83 is 1.0m, the hot air inlets 83 in the upper row are tilted downward at an angle of 20 degrees, the middle row are tilted downward at an angle of 10 degrees, and the bottom row are tilted upward at an angle of 10 degrees; the first dust suppression plate 22, the second dust suppression plate 36, and the ash baffle 76 are arranged in an arch shape, and the angles of the tangent to the horizontal direction are 60 degrees, 75 degrees and 55 degrees respectively; the ash outlet 21 of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is provided with a gravity sensor, which automatically opens when the ash exceeds 5kg and automatically closes after the material is discharged; the discharge funnel 80 of the metal carbonization chamber 10 opens when it exceeds 2kg and closes after unloading.

[0111] The pyrolysis chamber 1, high-temperature cracking chamber 2, material drying chamber 3, biomass gas processing chamber 9 and metal carbonization chamber 10 are each provided with 4 temperature monitoring points 38 and 2 pressure monitoring points 97; the steam boiler 4 is provided with 2 temperature monitoring points 38 and 2 pressure monitoring points 97; 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the second connecting air pipe 52 between the steam boiler 4 and the cyclone dust removal chamber 5, 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the discharge pipe 68, and 2 temperature monitoring points 38 are provided on the lower hot air pipe 39. The temperature monitoring points 38 of the pyrolysis chamber 1, high-temperature cracking chamber 2, material drying chamber 3, biomass gas processing chamber 9 and metal carbonization chamber 10 are arranged front and back.

[0112] The air volume of the secondary air blower 29 comes from the tail gas and the air volume of the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 in a ratio of 1:0.2, and the air volume from the primary air blower 23 is 4000m3 of organic solid waste. 3 / (tons per hour); the dried chicken manure has a moisture content of 12.3%-19.6% and a calorific value of 3000-3200kcal / kg, and the aluminum ore powder has a moisture content of 10.2%-12.7%; the chicken manure dried in the material drying chamber 3 has a moisture content of 49.3-53.7% and a particle size of 5-40mm.

[0113] After the pyrolysis chamber 1 and the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 meet the normal operating temperature conditions, the metal carbonization chamber 10 is started. After the metal carbonization chamber 10 operates normally and the operating load reaches more than 70% of the design, the first feeding system 11 stops feeding, and the push plate 105 and the cover plate 106 at the front end of the pushing system 17 are closed and sealed. When the high-temperature cracking chamber 2 is lower than 850 degrees, the first feeding system 11 is started to throw organic solid waste onto the grate 20 in the pyrolysis chamber 1.

[0114] The operating load of the pyrolysis chamber of the device in this embodiment is 2.0m 3 / h, the volume of the high temperature cracking chamber 2 is 25m 3 , and others are matched with it; the experimental results show that the thermal energy conversion rate of organic solid waste is as high as 92.7%-96.5%, the metal extraction rate in the mineral powder is 81.7%-85.3%, the device can reduce the exhaust gas generation by 60.3%-75.7%, reduce the exhaust gas treatment cost by 81.6%-85.3%, and increase the carbonization efficiency by 53.7%-59.6%.

[0115] The equipment can dry chicken manure and recover aluminum from aluminum-containing ore powder. The equipment can dry chicken manure at a load of 6.0 tons / hour and recover aluminum from aluminum-containing ore powder at a load of 1.5 tons / hour, achieving near-zero pollutant emissions. The lack of heat energy is supplemented by pyrolysis of dried chicken manure. The tail gas monitoring pollutant emission indicators are shown in Table 4. NOx, SO2 and HCl are all below the detection limit, the monitoring index value is zero, and other indicators are significantly lower than the national standard limit.

[0116] Table 4 List of tail gas emission indicators

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Note: The standard limit values ​​of total volatile organic compounds adopt the relevant indicator limits in the "Volatile Organic Compound Emission Control Standards for Industrial Enterprises" (DB12 / 524-2020), and other indicators adopt the limit values ​​in the "Pollution Control Standards for Incineration of Municipal Waste" (GB18485-2014).

[0120] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. An integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pyrolysis chamber (1), a high temperature cracking chamber (2), a material drying chamber (3), a steam boiler (4), a cyclone dust removal chamber (5), a spray chamber (6), an electrostatic dust removal chamber (7), a water bath purification chamber (8), a biomass gas treatment chamber (9) and a metal carbonization chamber (10). The pyrolysis chamber (1) is connected to the high temperature cracking chamber (2) through an air outlet (26). The pyrolysis chamber (1) is provided with a first biomass air inlet (16). The high temperature cracking chamber (2) is provided with a second biomass air inlet (37). The high temperature cracking chamber (2) is connected to the material drying chamber (3) through a lower hot air pipe (39) and an upper hot air pipe (40). The material drying chamber (3) is provided with an air drying cylinder (41). The upper hot air pipe (42) is provided with a second biomass air inlet (37). 0) is connected to the interior of the air drying cylinder (41), the lower hot air pipe (39) is connected to the outer space of the air drying cylinder (41), the outer space of the air drying cylinder (41) is connected to the steam boiler (4) through a first connecting air pipe (48), the interior of the air drying cylinder (41) is connected to a discharge pipe (47), the first connecting air pipe (48) is provided with a hot air outlet (49), the discharge pipe (47) is provided with a first gas outlet (45), the steam boiler (4) is provided with a hot water inlet (50), the steam boiler (4) is connected to a cyclone dust removal chamber (5) through a second connecting air pipe (52), a cyclone exhaust pipe (54) is provided in the cyclone dust removal chamber (5), and the cyclone exhaust pipe (54) is connected to the cyclone dust removal chamber (5) through a third connecting air pipe (54). The third connecting air pipe (56) is connected to the spray chamber (6), the third connecting air pipe (56) is provided with an induced draft fan (55), the spray chamber (6) is connected to the electrostatic precipitator chamber (7) through the fourth connecting air pipe (60), the electrostatic precipitator chamber (7) is connected to the water bath purification chamber (8) through the fifth connecting air pipe (61), the water bath purification chamber (8) is connected to the discharge pipe (68), the discharge pipe (68) is connected to the high temperature cracking chamber (2) through the tail gas recovery pipe (70), a condenser pipe (87) is provided in the biomass gas treatment chamber (9), the condenser pipe (87) is arranged in a plurality of groups in the transverse direction, one end of the condenser pipe (87) is a gas inlet (88), and the other end is a gas outlet (92), the gas outlet (92) is connected to the The biomass gas treatment chamber (9) is connected to a drying chamber (94), the drying chamber (94) is provided with a second gas outlet (95), the biomass gas treatment chamber (9) is provided with a water inlet (89) and a water outlet (93), the second gas outlet (95) is connected to the first biomass gas inlet (16) through a return air pipe (86), the gas inlet (88) is connected to the first gas outlet (45) through a first hot air inlet pipe (84), the water outlet (93) is connected to the hot water inlet (50) through a first connecting water pipe (98), the metal carbonization chamber (10) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet (81) and a hot air inlet (83), the pyrolysis gas outlet (81) is connected to the second biomass gas inlet (37) through an outlet pipe (85),The hot air inlet (83) is connected to the hot air outlet (49) via a second hot air inlet pipe (107).

2. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pyrolysis chamber inlet (116) is arranged on the side of the pyrolysis chamber (1), a first ash outlet (21) is arranged on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber (1), and the first ash outlet (21) is opened and closed by gravity induction. A grate (20) is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber (1), and the grate (20) is connected to the third reducer (101). One end of the grate (20) is arranged at the pyrolysis chamber inlet (116), and the other end is close to the first ash outlet (21). A slag storage pool (25) is provided below an ash outlet (21), water is provided in the slag storage pool (25), and the water level is 30%-50% of the pool depth, the slag storage pool (25) is connected to a slag remover (96), and a first dust reduction plate (22) is provided in the pyrolysis chamber (1), the first dust reduction plate (22) is located at the air outlet (26), and the first dust reduction plate (22) is an arch structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arch structure and the horizontal direction is 55-80 degrees.

3. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) is provided with a second ash outlet (31), and the lower part of the second ash outlet (31) is connected to the ash outlet pipe (33) through an ash cleaning fan (32). The outlet end of the ash outlet pipe (33) is arranged in an ash storage box (35), and the outlet end of the ash outlet pipe (33) is connected to an ash cover (34) through a spring. A second dust reduction plate (36) is arranged in the high-temperature cracking chamber (2), and the second dust reduction plate (36) is located at the lower side of the lower hot air pipe (39). The second dust reduction plate (36) is an arch structure, and the angle between the tangent of the arch structure and the horizontal direction is 65-85 degrees.

4. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) is provided with an additive addition port (104), and the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) is provided with an oxidant addition port (27), a self-circulation outlet (99) and a self-circulation inlet (100). The self-circulation inlet (100) is provided on a side close to the pyrolysis chamber (1), and the self-circulation outlet (99) is provided on a side close to the material drying chamber (3). The exhaust gas recovery pipe (70) is connected to the self-circulation inlet (100) through an air inlet pipe (28), and the exhaust gas recovery pipe (70) is connected to the self-circulation outlet (99) through an air outlet pipe (108). A secondary air blower (29) is provided on the air inlet pipe (28), and air flow control valves (30) are provided on both the exhaust gas recovery pipe (70) and the air outlet pipe (108).

5. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air drying cylinder (41) is provided with blades (42) inside, the lower part of the material drying chamber (3) is provided with a dust discharge port (43), the dust discharge port (43) is connected to the dust storage tank (44), and the discharge pipe (47) is provided with a discharge valve (46).

6. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the steam boiler (4) is provided with a steam outlet (51), and the steam outlet (51) is provided with an airflow control valve (30).

7. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cyclone dust removal chamber (5) is provided with a dust removal hole (102), the dust removal hole (102) is located in the ash storage bucket (53), a dust shield plate (103) is provided above the dust removal hole (102), and the cyclone exhaust pipe (54) is a structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part.

8. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage chamber (58) is arranged at the top of the spray chamber (6), a plurality of spray nozzles (57) are arranged below the water storage chamber (58), and the bottom of the spray chamber (6) is connected to a slurry storage tank (59).

9. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of purification components are arranged in the water bath purification chamber (8), each group of purification components includes a plurality of filter balancing plates (67) arranged at intervals, the two groups of purification components are respectively provided with a first slag discharge pipe (62) and a second slag discharge pipe (63), a slag discharge funnel (64) is arranged below each group of purification components, a slag discharge port (65) is arranged below the slag discharge funnel (64), the slag discharge port (65) is located in the collection bucket (66), the slag discharge port (65) is closed during operation and opened during slag discharge.

10. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser (87) is connected to the water tank (91) via a water valve (90); the gas inlet (88) and the gas outlet (92) of the condenser (87) are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the biomass gas processing chamber (9); the second gas outlet (95) is located at the upper part of the drying chamber (94); the water inlet (89) and the water outlet (93) are respectively located at the lower and top parts of the biomass gas processing chamber (9); and the water inlet (89) is connected to the first water storage tank (112) via a third connecting water pipe (113).

11. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the metal carbonization chamber (10) is provided with a metal carbonization chamber inlet (117), the bottom of the metal carbonization chamber (10) is provided with an aggregate pit (79), the cross section of the aggregate pit (79) is tubular, and a discharge funnel (80) is provided on the upper side, and the discharge funnel (80) is gravity-sensitive and openable, water is provided in the aggregate pit (79), and the water level is 40%-60% of the pit depth, the aggregate pit (79) is connected to the slag remover (96), a cooling pipe (109) is provided inside the aggregate pit (79), and the cooling pipe (109) is connected to the steam boiler (4) through a second connecting water pipe (110), and a circulating water pump is provided on the second connecting water pipe (110) (111), the cooling pipe (109) is connected to the second water storage tank (114) through a fourth connecting water pipe (115), an upper mesh belt conveyor (77) and a lower mesh belt conveyor (78) are arranged in the metal carbonization chamber (10), the upper mesh belt conveyor (77) is arranged above the lower mesh belt conveyor (78), one end of the upper mesh belt conveyor (77) is arranged at the metal carbonization chamber inlet (117), one end of the lower mesh belt conveyor (78) is close to the aggregate pit (79), the upper mesh belt conveyor (77) is connected to the first reducer (75), and the lower mesh belt conveyor (78) is connected to the second reducer (82).

12. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air inlets (83) are arranged in three rows, upper, middle and lower, along the vertical height direction of the metal carbonization chamber (10), with a spacing of 0.4-1.2 m between each row, and a spacing of 0.5-1.5 m between the upper row and the lower row. The hot air inlets (83) located in the upper row are inclined downward at an angle of 8-30 degrees, the hot air inlets (83) located in the middle row are inclined downward at an angle of 1-15 degrees, and the hot air inlets (83) located in the lower row are inclined upward at an angle of 3-20 degrees.

13. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the metal carbonization chambers (10) is multiple.

14. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pyrolysis chamber (1) is connected to a first feeding system (11), the first feeding system (11) comprising a first silo (13), a first loader (14) and a pushing system (17), one end of the first loader (14) being arranged inside the first silo (13), and the other end being arranged above the pushing system (17), the pushing system (17) being located at a pyrolysis chamber inlet (116), the pushing system (17) being connected to a motor (18), and a positioning plate (15) being arranged at a pyrolysis chamber inlet (116).

15. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 11, characterized in that: The metal carbonization chamber (10) is connected to a second feeding system (12), the second feeding system (12) comprising a second silo (71), a second loader (72) and a screw feeder (73), one end of the second loader (72) being arranged inside the second silo (71), and the other end being arranged above the screw feeder (73), the screw feeder (73) being arranged at the inlet (117) of the metal carbonization chamber, a dustproof plate (74) being arranged above the screw feeder (73), the dustproof plate (74) being connected to the metal carbonization chamber (10), an ash baffle (76) being arranged inside the metal carbonization chamber (10), the ash baffle (76) being arranged at the inlet (117) of the metal carbonization chamber, the ash baffle (76) being an arched structure, the angle between the tangent of the arched structure and the horizontal direction being 35-65 degrees.

16. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A primary air duct (24) is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber (1), and a primary fan (23) is connected to the primary air duct (24). The air volume of the primary fan (23) is 2000-6000m3 of organic solid waste. 3 / (tons·hour), the top surface of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) is provided with an oxygen inlet pipe (19), and gas with an oxygen content exceeding 70% is introduced into the oxygen inlet pipe (19).

17. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis chamber (1), the high-temperature cracking chamber (2), the material drying chamber (3), the biomass gas processing chamber (9) and the metal carbonization chamber (10) are all provided with 4-8 temperature monitoring points (38) and 2-4 pressure monitoring points (97); the steam boiler (4) is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points (38) and 2 pressure monitoring points (97); the second connecting air pipe (52) is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points (38); the discharge pipe (68) is provided with 2-4 temperature monitoring points (38); and the lower hot air pipe (39) is provided with 2 temperature monitoring points (38).

18. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A monitoring box (69) is arranged on the discharge pipe (68), and probes for monitoring various gases are arranged in the monitoring box (69).

19. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 14, characterized in that: A cover plate (106) is arranged above the positioning plate (15), and the cover plate (106) is connected to the pyrolysis chamber (1). The first biomass air inlet (16) is arranged on the cover plate (106). The front end of the pushing system (17) is a pushing plate (105), and the pushing plate (105) is closed and sealed with the cover plate (106) after being pushed out.

20. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 8, characterized in that: A medicine is added to the water in the water storage chamber (58), wherein the medicine is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, activated carbon and ceramic powder, the mixing mass ratio is 1:(0.12-0.35):(0.15-0.28), and the amount added is 200-1500 g / m 3 The activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon with a particle size of 0.1-1.0 mm, and the ceramic powder is prepared from fly ash ceramsite with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm.

21. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the pyrolysis chamber (1) and the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) are steel plates, and refractory wool, refractory insulation bricks, refractory cement coatings and refractory paints are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

22. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 4, characterized in that: A biomass additive is added to the combustion-supporting agent adding port (27), wherein the biomass additive is a solid powder fuel with a calorific value greater than 8000 kcal / kg.

23. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 4, characterized in that: Additives are added to the additive inlet (104), wherein the additives are a mixture of modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon, and the mixing ratio is 1:(0.03-0.1):(0.01-0.05):(0.03-0.08):(0.1-0.15):(0.12-0.25).

24. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 23, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the modified wood biochar, glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, calcium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, ceramic powder and activated carbon are 0.2-1.0 mm, 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.05-0.1 mm, 0.25-1.0 mm, 0.05-0.5 mm and 0.1-2.0 mm respectively; the modified wood biochar is a mixture of ferric chloride modified biochar and NaOH modified biochar, and the mixing ratio is 1:(0.5-0.8); the modifier concentration of ferric chloride is 0.01-0.1 mol / L, the modifier concentration of NaOH is 0.01-0.05 mol / L, and the modification time is 24-72 hours; the activated carbon is coal-based activated carbon, the iodine adsorption value on a dry basis is greater than 400 mg / g, and the sulfate ash on a dry basis is less than 7%.

25. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air volume of the secondary air blower (29) comes from the tail gas and the air volume of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) in a ratio of 1: (0.1-0.3).

26. The integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Organic solid waste is added into the pyrolysis chamber (1), wherein the organic solid waste has a water content of less than 20% and a calorific value of more than 3000 kcal / kg. Metal-containing waste is added into the metal carbonization chamber (10), wherein the water content of the metal-containing waste is less than 15%. The water content of the dried material in the material drying chamber (3) is less than 55%, and the particle size is 5-40 mm.

27. A method for using the integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Organic solid waste is added to a pyrolysis chamber (1) for pyrolysis, and the generated pyrolysis gas enters a high-temperature cracking chamber (2) through an air port (26) for cracking treatment. The hot air generated by the cracking enters a material drying chamber (3) through a lower hot air pipe (39) to heat the outside of an air drying cylinder (41), and the hot air of an upper hot air pipe (40) heats and dries the dried material in the air drying cylinder (41). A portion of the hot air outside the air drying cylinder (41) enters a metal carbonization chamber (10) through a hot air outlet (49), and another portion of the hot air enters a steam boiler (4) through a first connecting air pipe (48). The metal carbonization chamber (10) carbonizes and recovers the added metal-containing waste, and the generated gas enters a high-temperature cracking chamber (2) through a pyrolysis gas outlet (81), an air outlet pipe (85) and a second biomass air inlet (37) in sequence. The hot air in the air drying cylinder (41) enters the biomass gas processing chamber (9) through the first gas outlet (45), the first hot air inlet pipe (84) and the gas inlet (88) in sequence. After being dehydrated in the biomass gas processing chamber (9), the hot air enters the pyrolysis chamber (1) through the second gas outlet (95), the return air pipe (86) and the first biomass inlet (16) in sequence to be pyrolyzed. The hot air entering the steam boiler (4) is heat-absorbed and then, under the action of the induced draft fan (55), is processed in sequence through the cyclone dust removal chamber (5), the spray chamber (6), the electrostatic dust removal chamber (7) and the water bath purification chamber (8). A portion of the gas purified in the water bath purification chamber (8) enters the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) through the tail gas recovery pipe (70), and the other portion is discharged through the discharge pipe (68).

28. The method for using the integrated device for drying organic solid waste and extracting metals according to claim 27, characterized in that: The temperature of the pyrolysis chamber (1) is 350°C to 600°C, the temperature of the high-temperature cracking chamber (2) is 850°C to 1000°C, the temperature of the metal carbonization chamber (10) when recovering metals from organic solid waste is 350-600°C, and the temperature of the metal carbonization chamber (10) when recovering metals from minerals is 600-950°C.

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