Wind driven generator yaw braking system with variable damping and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable-damping yaw brake system of a wind driven generator and a working method of the variable-damping yaw brake system. The variable-damping yaw brake system of the wind driven generator comprises a detection module, a power transmission module, a damping dissipation module, a heat dissipation module and a control system. The detection module is installed on a driving motor main shaft of the wind driven generator yaw system and used for detecting the torque and the rotating speed of the driving motor main shaft of the wind driven generator yaw system. The power transmission module comprises a clutch, a gear and two oppositely-arranged racks, wherein the clutch is connected to a main shaft of the driving motor in series and electrically connected with the control system, the gear is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the clutch, and the two oppositely-arranged racks are meshed with the gear. The power transmission module is used for transmitting energy of the main shaft of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind driven generator. According to the variable-damping yaw brake system of the wind driven generator and the working method thereof, the problem that parts are damaged due to the fact that the yaw brake calorific value of the wind driven generator is too large can be relieved or solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of wind power, and in particular to a variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation is a renewable energy technology that converts wind energy into electrical energy. In a wind power generation system, the yaw system is an important component of a wind turbine. Its main function is to quickly and smoothly align the wind direction when the wind speed vector direction changes so that the wind wheel can obtain the maximum wind energy. The active yaw system usually uses an electric motor and a gear mechanism to actively align with the wind. However, since the existing wind turbine yaw brake system uses friction braking, long-term operation will generate a lot of heat and wear, damage the brake components, and may cause the brake system to fail, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency and safety of the entire wind turbine.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent "A mechanical braking system for a wind turbine generator set", publication number CN109611470A, includes a friction body assembly, a rotating wheel, a driving assembly and a frame, the friction body assembly and the driving assembly are installed on the frame, the rotating wheel is connected to the tower, the driving assembly is transmitted to the rotating wheel, and the friction body assembly is in contact with the rotating wheel; the rotating wheel is driven by the driving assembly to rotate an angle, and after the rotating wheel drives the tower to rotate an angle, the working blades of the wind turbine generator set are aligned with the wind direction, and the friction body assembly ensures that the rotating disk will not slip due to some disturbance factors when there is no driving assembly; the invention has a purely mechanical structure, reliable operation, low noise, high braking efficiency, and easy installation and maintenance. It can generate a certain friction torque in both yaw and non-yaw states, which has a damping effect on the unit and supports the entire wind turbine yaw brake system; but the long-term operation of this patent will generate a lot of heat and wear, damage the brake components, and may cause the brake system to fail.

[0004] Another example is the Chinese patent "Fire-fighting device for yaw system of wind turbine", announcement number CN217612596U, which includes a yaw gear and a yaw drive motor. A brake disc is provided on the inner side of the yaw gear, and hydraulic calipers are evenly distributed along the brake disc. The brake disc passes through the hydraulic caliper, and the bottom of the hydraulic caliper is fixedly connected to the caliper bracket. A caliper arc-extinguishing tube is provided at each hydraulic caliper and brake disc. The caliper arc-extinguishing tube is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles facing the contact point between the hydraulic caliper and the brake disc. The caliper arc-extinguishing tube is arranged circumferentially and connected to the fire main above, and the fire main is connected to the gas tank. The invention provides a pipeline system at the caliper and connects the pipeline system to a tank containing inert gas or a tank containing fire-fighting gas powder. When braking, the caliper is filled with inert gas for arc extinguishing operations, and fire-fighting operations can also be performed when a fire occurs. By providing a cover body, this dangerous area is physically isolated from other equipment of the wind turbine, thereby ensuring safety in all aspects. However, the long-term operation of the device will generate a large amount of heat and wear, damage the brake components, and may cause the brake system to fail. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine yaw brake system with variable damping and a working method thereof, which can alleviate or solve the problem of excessive heat generation of the wind turbine yaw brake and damage to components.

[0006] The variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system of the present invention is characterized by comprising a detection module, a power transmission module, a damping dissipation module, a heat dissipation module and a control system;

[0007] The detection module is installed on the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator to detect the torque and rotation speed of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator;

[0008] The power transmission module includes a clutch 1-2 connected in series to the main shaft of the driving motor and electrically connected to the control system, a gear 2-6 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the clutch 1-2, and two oppositely arranged racks 2-5 and 2-15 meshing with the gear 2-6. The power transmission module is used to transmit the energy of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the wind turbine yaw system;

[0009] The damping dissipation module includes at least one hydraulic cylinder connected to the gear 2-6 or to the gear 2-6, the rack is connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting rod, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the oil buffer and the oil tank of the variable damping in sequence, the oil buffer of the variable damping includes a plurality of Tesla valves and a reversing valve connected in series between adjacent Tesla valves, the reversing valve is electrically connected to the control system to control the number of Tesla valves connected to the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder to realize the function of variable damping;

[0010] The heat dissipation module is installed on the oil tank to transfer heat to the external environment.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinders include hydraulic cylinder 2-4, hydraulic cylinder 2-7, hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and hydraulic cylinder 2-16, wherein hydraulic cylinder 2-4 and hydraulic cylinder 2-7 are respectively connected to rack 2-5 via connecting rods, and hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and hydraulic cylinder 2-16 are respectively connected to rack 2-15 via connecting rods.

[0012] Preferably, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-4 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-2, and a reversing valve 2-1 and a reversing valve 2-3 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-2.

[0013] Preferably, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-9, and a reversing valve 2-8 and a reversing valve 2-10 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-9.

[0014] Preferably, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-14 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-12, and a reversing valve 2-11 and a reversing valve 2-13 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-12.

[0015] Preferably, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-16 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-18, and a reversing valve 2-17 and a reversing valve 2-19 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-18.

[0016] Preferably, the detection module includes a torque sensor and a rotation speed sensor.

[0017] Preferably, the heat dissipation module comprises a metal cold plate, heat dissipation fins and a fan installed below the oil tank, and the fan is electrically connected to the control system to dissipate heat from the oil tank, the metal cold plate and the heat dissipation fins when the fan is working.

[0018] The working method of the variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system of the present invention is characterized in that the braking process is specifically implemented by the following steps:

[0019] S1) The control system issues a braking command;

[0020] S2) detecting the torque and speed of the driving motor main shaft 1-1 of the yaw system of the wind turbine through a detection module, and transmitting the detection information to the control system;

[0021] S3) the control system selects a suitable brake damping gear according to the torque and speed of the drive motor main shaft 1-1;

[0022] S4) the control system controls the clutch 1-2 so that the drive motor main shaft 1-1 is connected to the power transmission module;

[0023] S5) The brake system starts to work, and at the same time the control system controls the heat dissipation module to start working to cool the oil tank.

[0024] The present invention replaces the friction braking-based braking system in the existing wind turbine system with a variable damping braking system. By measuring the torque and speed of the motor main shaft, the appropriate damping is selected for braking (i.e., the number of Tesla valves connected to the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to achieve the function of variable damping), and the heat is transferred to the oil tank through the hydraulic circuit, and then the heat dissipation module installed on the oil tank discharges the heat to the outside, thereby alleviating or solving the problem of excessive heat generation of the yaw brake of the wind turbine and damage to components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission system structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a working principle diagram of the brake system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation module of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a control principle block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] The variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system of the present invention comprises a detection module 1, a power transmission module 2, a damping dissipation module 3, a heat dissipation module 4 and a control system 5;

[0033] Among them, the detection module 1 and the power transmission module 2 are as follows Figure 1 As shown, the detection module 1 includes a torque sensor and a rotation speed sensor, which are installed on the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator to detect the torque and rotation speed of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator;

[0034] The power transmission module 2 includes a clutch 1-2 connected in series to the main shaft of the driving motor and electrically connected to the control system 5, a gear 2-6 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the clutch 1-2, and two oppositely arranged racks 2-5 and 2-15 meshing with the gear 2-6. The power transmission module 2 is used to transmit the energy of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator;

[0035] The damping dissipation module 3 includes a gear 2-6 or at least one hydraulic cylinder connected to the gear 2-6, the rack is connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting rod 6, and the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the variable damping oil buffer and the oil tank 2-20 in sequence, and the variable damping oil buffer includes a plurality of Tesla valves and a reversing valve connected in series between adjacent Tesla valves, and the reversing valve is electrically connected to the control system 5 to control the number of Tesla valves connected to the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder to realize the function of variable damping;

[0036] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the hydraulic cylinder includes a hydraulic cylinder 2-4, a hydraulic cylinder 2-7, a hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and a hydraulic cylinder 2-16, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 2-4 and the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 are connected to the rack 2-5 through connecting rods, and the hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and the hydraulic cylinder 2-16 are connected to the rack 2-15 through connecting rods; the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-4 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-2, and a reversing valve 2-1 and a reversing valve 2-3 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-2; the oil of the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 The output end is connected to three Tesla valves 2-9, and a reversing valve 2-8 and a reversing valve 2-10 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-9; the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-14 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-12, and a reversing valve 2-11 and a reversing valve 2-13 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-12; the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-16 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-18, and a reversing valve 2-17 and a reversing valve 2-19 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-18.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation module 4 includes a metal cold plate 7, heat dissipation fins 8 and a fan 9 installed under the oil tank. The fan 9 is electrically connected to the control system 5 to dissipate heat from the oil tank, the metal cold plate 7 and the heat dissipation fins 8 when the fan is working. The heat dissipation module adopts air cooling to enhance air convection heat exchange through the fan.

[0038] The working method of the variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system, the braking process is specifically implemented by the following steps: S1) the control system 5 issues a braking command;

[0039] S2) detecting the torque and speed of the driving motor main shaft 1-1 of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator through the detection module 1, and transmitting the detection information to the control system 5;

[0040] S3) the control system 5 selects a suitable brake damping gear according to the torque and speed of the drive motor main shaft 1-1;

[0041] S4) the control system 5 controls the clutch 1-2 so that the drive motor main shaft 1-1 is connected to the power transmission module 2;

[0042] S5) The brake system starts to work, and at the same time the control system (5) controls the heat dissipation module (4) to start working to cool the oil tank.

[0043] The brake system of the present invention uses a clutch to achieve effective brake control of the wind turbine. The control system determines whether to activate the brake clutch based on the following conditions:

[0044] When the yaw main shaft torque is lower than the set minimum torque value and the main shaft speed is lower than the set minimum speed value, the control system controls the brake clutch to engage so that the wind turbine can yaw freely.

[0045] When the yaw spindle torque is higher than the set minimum torque value or the spindle speed is higher than the set minimum speed value, the control system controls the engagement of the start brake clutch to prevent power transmission and achieve effective braking.

[0046] The brake system of the present invention realizes effective braking of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator by changing the number of Tesla valves. The control system determines the number of Tesla valves connected to the brake system according to the following conditions.

[0047] When T min <T≤0.3T max or min <n≤0.3n max When the control system controls the reversing valve, the brake system is connected to a Tesla valve;

[0048] When 0.3T max <T<0.6T max or 0.3n max <n≤0.6n max When the control system controls the reversing valve, the brake system is connected to two Tesla valves;

[0049] When T>0.6T max or n>0.6n max When the control system controls the reversing valve, the brake system is connected to three Tesla valves;

[0050] The present invention can provide multi-level damping by flexibly controlling the number of Tesla valves, so that the system can maintain good stability under different loads. This enables the wind turbine to cope with a variety of complex working conditions, such as high wind speed, low wind speed, overload, etc. In the event of a wind turbine failure or extreme weather conditions, the system can maximize the damping effect by quickly increasing the number of Tesla valves, effectively protecting the wind turbine from damage.

[0051] The present invention replaces the friction braking-based braking system in the existing wind turbine system with a variable damping braking system. By measuring the torque and speed of the motor main shaft, the appropriate damping is selected for braking (i.e., the number of Tesla valves connected to the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to achieve the function of variable damping), and the heat is transferred to the oil tank through the hydraulic circuit, and then the heat dissipation module installed on the oil tank discharges the heat to the outside, thereby alleviating or solving the problem of excessive heat generation of the yaw brake of the wind turbine and damage to components.

[0052] During operation: When gear 2-6 rotates counterclockwise, the rack pair will drive racks 2-5 and 2-15 to move in the opposite direction, thereby driving the four hydraulic cylinders to move. Due to the unidirectional conductivity of the Tesla valve, Tesla valves 2-2 and 2-12 will generate resistance, hindering the movement of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0053] When gear 2-6 rotates clockwise, the rack pair will drive racks 2-5 and 2-15 to move in the opposite direction, thereby driving the four hydraulic cylinders to move. Due to the unidirectional conductivity of the Tesla valve, Tesla valves 2-9 and 2-18 will generate resistance, hindering the movement of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and each step may be changed. On the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, any improvement and equivalent transformation of individual steps based on the principle of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system, characterized in that: It comprises a detection module (1), a power transmission module (2), a damping dissipation module (3), a heat dissipation module (4) and a control system (5); The detection module (1) is mounted on the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator, so as to detect the torque and rotation speed of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator; The power transmission module (2) comprises a clutch 1-2 connected in series to the main shaft of the driving motor and electrically connected to the control system (5), a gear 2-6 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the clutch 1-2, and two oppositely arranged racks 2-5 and 2-15 meshing with the gear 2-6. The power transmission module (2) is used to transmit energy of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator; The damping dissipation module (3) includes a gear 2-6 or at least one hydraulic cylinder connected to the gear 2-6, the rack is connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting rod, the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the variable damping oil buffer and the oil tank in sequence, the variable damping oil buffer includes a plurality of Tesla valves and a reversing valve connected in series between adjacent Tesla valves, the reversing valve is electrically connected to the control system (5) to control the number of Tesla valves connected to the oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder to achieve the function of variable damping; The heat dissipation module (4) is installed on the oil tank to transfer heat to the external environment.

2. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinders include hydraulic cylinder 2-4, hydraulic cylinder 2-7, hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and hydraulic cylinder 2-16. The hydraulic cylinder 2-4 and hydraulic cylinder 2-7 are connected to the rack 2-5 through connecting rods, and the hydraulic cylinder 2-14 and hydraulic cylinder 2-16 are connected to the rack 2-15 through connecting rods.

3. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-4 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-2, and a reversing valve 2-1 and a reversing valve 2-3 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-2.

4. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-9, and a reversing valve 2-8 and a reversing valve 2-10 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-9.

5. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-14 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-12, and a reversing valve 2-11 and a reversing valve 2-13 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-12.

6. A variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2-16 is connected to three Tesla valves 2-18, and a reversing valve 2-17 and a reversing valve 2-19 are connected in series between two adjacent Tesla valves 2-18.

7. The variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module (1) comprises a torque sensor and a rotation speed sensor.

8. The variable damping wind turbine yaw brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation module (4) comprises a metal cold plate (7), heat dissipation fins (8) and a fan (9) installed below the oil tank; the fan (9) is electrically connected to the control system (5) so as to dissipate heat from the oil tank, the metal cold plate (7) and the heat dissipation fins (8) when the fan is in operation.

9. A working method of a wind turbine yaw brake system using a variable damping as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The braking process is specifically implemented by the following steps: S1) The control system (5) issues a braking command; S2) detecting the torque and rotation speed of the main shaft 1-1 of the driving motor of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator through the detection module (1), and transmitting the detection information to the control system (5); S3) the control system (5) selects a suitable brake damping gear according to the torque and speed of the drive motor main shaft 1-1; S4) the control system (5) controls the clutch 1-2 so that the drive motor main shaft 1-1 is connected to the power transmission module (2); S5) The brake system starts to work, and at the same time the control system (5) controls the heat dissipation module (4) to start working to cool the oil tank.

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